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Faults
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:
A
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lt
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n
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d
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©
201
9
In
s
t
it
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te o
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v
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.
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l
rig
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se
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.
C
o
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r
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s
p
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nd
ing
A
uth
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r
:
Hash
m
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S
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.
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,
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Dep
ar
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t
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Un
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-
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1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
P
er
m
a
n
en
t
m
a
g
n
et
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
m
o
to
r
s
(
P
MSM
s
)
h
a
v
e
h
i
g
h
s
p
ec
i
f
icatio
n
s
i
n
ap
p
licatio
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s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
h
ig
h
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f
f
icie
n
c
y
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w
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tia,
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o
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en
s
it
y
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h
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ec
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r
atio
an
d
h
ig
h
to
r
q
u
e
to
cu
r
r
en
t
r
atio
.
[
1
]
;
th
er
ef
o
r
e
P
MSM
ar
e
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
i
n
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
ap
p
licatio
n
s
s
u
c
h
as
m
ac
h
in
e
to
o
l,
w
i
n
d
er
s
,
r
o
b
o
ts
an
d
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
r
q
u
e
an
d
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l
in
h
i
g
h
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
an
d
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
to
w
o
r
k
at
m
u
l
ti
s
p
e
e
d
s
an
d
o
cc
asio
n
al
in
er
tia
[
2
-
3
]
.
P
er
io
d
ic
p
r
eser
v
atio
n
w
i
ll
in
cr
ea
s
e
m
o
to
r
lif
e
s
t
y
les
in
m
ac
h
i
n
e
s
alo
n
g
w
it
h
P
MSM
.
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atter
l
y
,
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
e
n
g
in
ee
r
s
an
d
s
cie
n
ti
s
ts
h
a
v
e
tar
g
eted
o
n
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
p
r
o
tectio
n
i
n
p
r
e
f
er
en
ce
to
p
er
io
d
ic
p
r
eser
v
atio
n
[
4
]
.
T
h
e
f
ai
lu
r
e
o
f
a
f
o
r
ce
i
n
d
is
tin
c
t p
ac
k
a
g
es
h
as a
s
er
ies e
f
f
ec
t a
t
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
a
s
y
s
te
m
,
th
e
f
ail
u
r
e
r
esu
lt
s
o
n
o
cc
asio
n
in
m
is
p
lace
d
m
an
u
f
ac
t
u
r
in
g
;
wh
ile
in
o
th
er
s
it
m
a
y
h
av
e
a
n
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
s
a
f
et
y
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
.
[
5
]
.
I
n
en
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
es
to
a
v
o
id
s
ev
er
e
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
c
e,
i
n
c
o
m
p
lica
ted
s
y
s
te
m
s
a
n
y
f
au
l
t
p
o
s
s
ess
es
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
to
i
m
p
ac
t
th
e
e
n
tire
s
y
s
te
m
s
b
eh
a
v
io
r
ev
en
as
in
a
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
p
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o
ce
d
u
r
e
s
i
m
p
le
f
a
u
lt
in
o
f
f
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
p
r
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d
u
cts,
clo
s
e
d
o
w
n
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
li
n
e
s
,
b
et
ter
o
p
er
atio
n
s
co
s
t,
an
d
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
h
ar
m
,
a
n
d
s
o
o
n
[
6
]
.
A
t
r
ec
en
t
d
a
y
s
,
th
e
d
e
m
an
d
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
in
i
n
d
u
s
tr
ial
ap
p
licatio
n
s
b
y
o
p
er
ato
r
s
an
d
u
s
er
s
to
d
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t
an
d
d
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n
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e
s
f
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lt
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th
at
o
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r
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tr
ic
m
ac
h
i
n
e
d
u
r
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
to
ac
h
iev
e
h
ig
h
r
eliab
ili
t
y
an
d
s
a
f
et
y
[
7
-
8
]
.
T
h
e
n
eu
r
o
-
f
u
zz
y
tec
h
n
iq
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e
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an
b
e
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m
b
i
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o
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et
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n
ar
tific
ial
n
e
u
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
(
A
NN)
a
n
d
f
u
zz
y
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
th
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tech
n
i
q
u
es
h
av
e
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
f
u
zz
y
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n
d
s
et
s
ar
e
ad
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u
s
ted
b
y
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s
ed
(
A
NN)
[
9
]
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
s
tu
d
ies
s
p
ee
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
a
n
d
elec
tr
o
m
ec
h
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ica
l
to
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q
u
e
at
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tr
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ca
l,
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
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n
d
d
em
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g
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u
lts
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n
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i
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P
MSM
b
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m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
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a
n
i
n
tell
ig
e
n
t
ap
p
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h
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r
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k
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A
d
ap
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f
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ased
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s
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latio
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u
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s
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to
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W
h
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a
d
ev
elo
p
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to
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to
d
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an
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d
en
h
a
n
ce
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f
icie
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c
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a
n
d
lif
e
ti
m
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8792
I
n
t J
A
p
p
l P
o
w
er
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
2
,
A
u
g
u
s
t 2
0
1
9
:
1
7
3
–
1
8
5
174
2.
M
AT
H
E
M
AT
I
CAL M
O
DE
L
O
F
P
M
S
M
:
-
T
h
e
d
ir
ec
t (
d
)
an
d
q
u
ad
r
atu
r
e
(
q
)
v
ar
iab
les o
f
v
o
lta
g
e
eq
u
ati
o
n
s
f
o
r
m
u
la
in
a
r
o
to
r
r
ef
er
en
c
e
f
r
a
m
e
o
f
P
MSM
ar
e:
(
)
(
1
)
(
)
(
2
)
T
h
at
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
s
tato
r
f
l
u
x
li
n
k
ag
e
ar
e:
-
(
3
)
(
4
)
W
h
er
e
R
S
is
t
h
e
r
esis
tan
ce
o
f
s
tato
r
w
in
d
i
n
g
,
is
q
-
a
x
i
s
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
is
d
–
ax
is
v
o
lta
g
e,
is
d
-
ax
i
s
f
lu
x
an
d
is
q
-
ax
is
f
l
u
x
,
f
is
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
li
n
k
ag
e
g
e
n
er
ated
b
y
t
h
e
p
er
m
a
n
en
t
m
a
g
n
et,
is
d
-
a
x
is
cu
r
r
e
n
t
an
d
is
q
-
ax
is
cu
r
r
en
t,
is
th
e
an
g
u
lar
s
p
ee
d
in
th
e
r
o
to
r
,
L
q
an
d
L
d
ar
e
q
-
d
ax
is
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
s
.
Me
ch
an
ical
to
r
q
u
e
in
m
o
to
r
at
lo
ad
is
g
i
v
e
n
b
y
:
(
)
(
)
W
ith
(
)
W
h
er
e
is
th
e
m
o
m
en
t
o
f
t
h
e
in
er
tia
in
r
o
to
r
,
P
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
o
le
p
air
s
,
T
L
is
th
e
lo
ad
t
o
r
q
u
e,
an
d
D
is
th
e
d
am
p
i
n
g
o
f
to
r
q
u
e
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
[
1
0
]
.
3.
NE
URA
L
-
F
U
Z
Z
Y
N
E
T
WO
RK
S
3
.
1
.
F
uzzy
lo
g
ic
co
ntr
o
ller
(
F
L
C)
T
h
is
t
y
p
e
is
a
class
o
f
ar
ti
f
icia
l
in
telli
g
e
n
ce
w
it
h
a
latest
h
i
s
t
o
r
y
an
d
aler
t
n
ess
.
F
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
p
r
esen
ts
a
s
i
m
p
le
m
a
n
n
er
to
r
ea
ch
at
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
e
n
d
b
ased
to
tall
y
u
p
o
n
v
a
g
u
e,
a
m
b
i
g
u
o
u
s
,
o
b
s
c
u
r
e,
n
o
is
y
,
o
r
lack
i
n
g
in
p
u
t
d
ata.
I
ts
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
c
o
n
tr
o
l
p
r
o
b
l
em
s
m
i
m
ic
s
h
o
w
a
p
er
s
o
n
w
o
u
ld
m
a
k
e
s
elec
tio
n
s
,
a
g
o
o
d
d
ea
l
f
aster
[
1
1
]
.
3
.
2
.
Art
if
ici
a
l neura
l net
w
o
r
ks
(
ANN)
I
t
is
k
i
n
d
o
f
s
y
n
t
h
etic
in
tel
lig
en
ce
m
et
h
o
d
in
t
h
e
b
eg
in
n
i
n
g
d
esig
n
ed
to
m
i
m
ic
t
h
e
f
u
n
ct
i
o
n
alit
y
o
f
th
e
h
u
m
an
m
i
n
d
.
A
n
e
u
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
s
co
m
p
o
s
e
d
o
f
m
an
y
ea
s
y
an
d
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
i
n
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
n
e
u
r
o
s
es
.
T
h
ese
ar
e
an
alo
g
o
u
s
to
th
e
b
io
lo
g
ical
n
eu
r
o
n
s
i
n
s
id
e
t
h
e
h
u
m
a
n
m
i
n
d
.
T
h
e
ar
tif
icial
n
eu
r
o
s
e
s
ar
e
li
n
k
ed
b
y
h
y
p
er
lin
k
s
t
h
at
b
r
i
n
g
s
i
g
n
als
a
m
o
n
g
ea
c
h
o
th
er
,
j
u
s
t
li
k
e
b
io
lo
g
ical
n
e
u
r
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
n
eu
r
o
s
e
s
r
ec
eiv
e
in
p
u
t
s
ti
m
u
l
i
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
b
e
tr
a
n
s
lated
i
n
t
o
an
o
u
tp
u
t
s
ti
m
u
l
u
s
[
1
2
]
.
ANN
h
a
s
es
s
en
tiall
y
d
ef
in
ed
as
t
h
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
b
y
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
f
r
o
m
its
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
le
ar
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
s
y
n
ap
tic
w
ei
g
h
t a
r
e
u
s
ed
to
s
t
o
r
e
ac
q
u
ir
ed
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
[
1
3
]
.
3.
3
.
Neuro
-
f
uzzy
net
w
o
rk
s
T
h
is
n
et
w
o
r
k
is
a
f
u
zz
y
s
y
s
t
e
m
th
i
s
is
ed
u
ca
ted
b
y
a
lear
n
in
g
s
et
o
f
r
u
le
s
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
n
eu
r
al
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
p
r
in
cip
le.
I
n
n
e
u
r
o
-
f
u
zz
y
m
o
d
els,
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
w
ei
g
h
ts
,
a
n
d
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
an
d
ac
tiv
atio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
f
l
u
ctu
a
te
f
r
o
m
co
m
m
o
n
p
lace
n
eu
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
.
T
h
is
lear
n
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
w
o
r
k
o
n
lo
ca
l
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
a
n
d
ca
u
s
e
s
o
n
l
y
lo
ca
l c
h
a
n
g
es i
n
t
h
e
f
u
zz
y
d
ev
ice
[
1
4
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
A
p
p
l P
o
w
er
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
F
a
u
lts
d
etec
tio
n
a
n
d
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
es o
f p
erma
n
en
t m
a
g
n
et
s
yn
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
mo
to
r
b
a
s
ed
…
(
Ha
s
h
mia
S
h
.
Da
k
h
ee
l
)
175
3.
4
.
Ada
ptiv
e
neuro
-
f
uzzy
i
nfe
re
nce
s
y
s
t
e
m
(
ANF
I
S)
I
t
is
o
n
e
t
y
p
es
o
f
n
eu
r
o
-
f
u
zz
y
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
it
b
ased
o
n
a
f
u
zz
y
s
y
s
te
m
w
h
ich
i
s
tr
ain
ed
b
y
a
lear
n
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
n
e
u
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
th
eo
r
y
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
le
ar
n
in
g
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
i
s
ad
v
an
tag
e
f
r
o
m
v
ie
w
p
o
in
t
o
f
FIS
,
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
li
n
g
u
i
s
tic
r
u
le
s
b
ase
w
ill
ad
v
an
tag
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
v
ie
w
p
o
i
n
t
o
f
A
N
N,
th
er
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
in
te
g
r
ate
A
N
N
an
d
FI
S
an
d
v
er
y
o
f
te
n
t
h
e
c
h
o
ice
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
t
h
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
[
1
5
]
,
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
f
u
zz
y
in
f
er
en
ce
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
s
o
n
ad
ap
tiv
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
ar
c
h
itect
u
r
es e
n
ab
les
th
e
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
o
f
s
y
s
te
m
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
to
m
atc
h
t
ar
g
eted
n
o
n
-
li
n
ea
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e.
A
N
FIS
ab
ilit
ie
s
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
p
atter
n
r
ec
o
g
n
i
tio
n
,
n
o
n
li
n
ea
r
m
ap
p
in
g
an
d
s
y
s
te
m
id
e
n
ti
f
icatio
n
m
a
k
e
i
t
an
o
u
ts
tan
d
i
n
g
ca
n
d
id
ate
to
a
u
to
m
a
te
th
e
m
ac
h
i
n
e
f
au
l
t
d
iag
n
o
s
i
s
.
[
1
6
]
Am
o
n
g
m
a
n
y
F
I
S
m
o
d
els
t
h
e
s
u
g
e
u
o
f
u
zz
y
m
o
d
el
is
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
w
id
el
y
ap
p
lied
o
n
e
f
o
r
h
i
g
h
in
ter
p
r
et
ab
ilit
y
an
d
co
m
p
u
ta
t
io
n
al
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
b
u
ilt
-
in
o
p
ti
m
al
an
d
ad
ap
tiv
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
.
A
N
FIS
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
t
w
o
i
n
p
u
t
n
a
m
el
y
X
an
d
Y
an
d
o
n
e
o
u
tp
u
t (
Z
)
an
d
th
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
r
u
les
:
R
u
le
1
: i
f
x
i
s
A
1
an
d
y
i
s
B
1
,
th
en
z1
=
p
1
x
+
q
1
y
+
r
1
R
u
le
2
: i
f
x
i
s
A
2
an
d
y
i
s
B
2
,
th
en
z2
=
p
2
x
+
q
2
y
+
r
2
,
W
h
er
e
A
i
an
d
B
i
ar
e
th
e
f
u
z
z
y
s
ets
i
n
th
e
a
n
tece
d
en
t,
a
n
d
p
i,
q
i
an
d
r
i
ar
e
th
e
d
esig
n
p
ar
am
eter
s
th
at
ar
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
tr
ain
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
A
N
FIS
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
f
i
v
e
la
y
er
s
:
L
a
y
er
1
:
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
i
n
p
u
t
v
ar
iab
les
(
m
e
m
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
)
a
n
d
tr
ia
n
g
u
lar
o
r
b
ell
s
h
ap
ed
m
e
m
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
.
L
a
y
er
2
:
is
m
e
m
b
er
s
h
ip
la
y
er
an
d
it
ch
ec
k
s
f
o
r
th
e
w
ei
g
h
t
s
o
f
ea
ch
m
e
m
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
s
.
I
t
r
ec
eiv
es
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
al
u
es
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
la
y
er
an
d
ac
t
as
m
e
m
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
to
r
ep
r
esen
t
t
h
e
f
u
zz
y
s
ets
o
f
t
h
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
in
p
u
t
v
ar
iab
les.
L
a
y
er
3
:
is
ca
lled
as
r
u
le
la
y
er
an
d
it
r
ec
eiv
e
s
in
p
u
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
la
y
er
.
E
ac
h
n
o
d
e
(
ea
ch
n
e
u
r
o
n
)
i
n
t
h
is
la
y
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
th
e
p
r
e
-
co
n
d
iti
o
n
m
atc
h
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
f
u
zz
y
r
u
le
s
.
T
h
is
la
y
er
co
m
p
u
te
s
th
e
ac
ti
v
atio
n
le
v
el
o
f
ea
ch
r
u
le
an
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
la
y
er
s
eq
u
als
to
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
f
u
zz
y
r
u
les.
E
ac
h
n
o
d
e
o
f
th
is
la
y
er
ca
lcu
late
s
th
e
w
ei
g
h
ts
w
h
ic
h
w
ill b
e
n
o
r
m
a
li
ze
d
.
L
a
y
er
4
:
is
th
e
d
ef
u
zz
i
f
icatio
n
la
y
er
w
h
ic
h
p
r
o
v
id
es t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t v
al
u
e
s
r
esu
l
tin
g
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
in
f
er
en
ce
o
f
r
u
les.
L
a
y
er
5
:
is
ca
lled
as
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
la
y
er
w
h
ich
s
u
m
s
u
p
all
th
e
in
p
u
ts
co
m
in
g
f
r
o
m
la
y
er
4
an
d
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
s
th
e
f
u
zz
y
c
lass
if
icatio
n
r
esu
lts
in
t
o
a
cr
is
p
v
alu
e,
th
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
ANFI
S
ca
n
b
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
[
1
8
]
.
An
d
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
A
NFI
S
b
ased
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
d
iag
n
o
s
is
ca
n
b
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
s
i
m
u
l
in
k
m
o
d
el.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
A
NFI
S st
r
u
c
tu
r
e
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
S
y
s
te
m
o
f
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
d
iag
n
o
s
is
f
au
l
ts
i
n
P
MSM
co
n
d
itio
n
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8792
I
n
t J
A
p
p
l P
o
w
er
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
2
,
A
u
g
u
s
t 2
0
1
9
:
1
7
3
–
1
8
5
176
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Si
m
u
li
n
k
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
d
iag
n
o
s
is
f
a
u
lts
in
P
MSM
4.
F
AULT
I
N
P
M
S
M
I
ts
v
er
y
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
r
ai
s
e
li
f
e
ti
m
e,
an
d
s
m
aller
co
s
t
s
.
I
n
g
en
er
al
t
h
e
f
au
lts
o
cc
u
r
i
n
P
MSM
ca
n
b
e
class
i
f
ied
i
n
to
t
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
:
1
-
E
lectr
ical
f
au
lts
,
2
-
m
e
ch
an
ica
l
f
au
lts
,
3
-
m
ag
n
etic
(
d
e
m
ag
n
etiza
tio
n
)
f
a
u
lts
[
1
9
]
,
th
ese
f
au
l
ts
ca
n
b
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
b
elo
w
c
h
ar
t
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
C
lass
if
ica
tio
n
o
f
f
a
u
l
t in
P
MSM
4
.
1
.
E
lect
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ults
Stato
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e.
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ted
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ilar
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ase
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e
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
ab
n
o
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al
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ed
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ic
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Fi
g
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r
e
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s
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e
c
h
ar
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ter
is
tics
o
f
P
MSM
(
elec
tr
o
m
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h
a
n
ica
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to
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q
u
e
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d
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a
t
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l
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n
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it
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o
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,
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
6
-
7
s
h
o
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e
ch
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ac
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tic
s
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n
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er
elec
tr
ical
f
a
u
lt
(
v
ar
iat
io
n
o
f
R
s
an
d
L
q
).
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
A
p
p
l P
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w
er
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n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
F
a
u
lts
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etec
tio
n
a
n
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d
i
a
g
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o
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f p
erma
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g
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yn
ch
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to
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b
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ed
…
(
Ha
s
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h
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Da
k
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)
177
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
E
lectr
o
m
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h
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n
ical
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o
r
q
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e
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h
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lth
y
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n
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itio
n
s
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Sp
ee
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
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tic
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ea
lt
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y
co
n
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io
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s
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
E
lectr
o
m
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h
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n
ical
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o
r
q
u
e
at
elec
tr
ical
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lts
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n
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itio
n
s
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Sp
ee
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
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tic
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tr
ical
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u
lts
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n
d
itio
n
s
4
.
2
.
Dem
a
g
net
iza
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io
n f
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ults
T
h
i
s
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th
e
m
ag
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etic
f
a
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o
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s
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a
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
elec
tr
ical,
m
ec
h
an
ic
al,
th
er
m
al
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
s
tr
e
s
s
o
n
th
e
m
o
to
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lead
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g
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er
f
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u
lts
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n
o
cc
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r
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ec
a
u
s
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ical
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ir
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ess
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ip
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ilar
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ag
n
etiza
tio
n
[
2
0
-
2
1
]
,
th
is
t
y
p
e
o
f
f
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lt
s
u
s
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all
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o
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r
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o
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ie
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ir
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ield
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ed
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r
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te
m
p
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r
e
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n
w
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d
i
n
g
f
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lts
[
2
2
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
-
9
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ics o
f
P
MSM
at
d
e
m
a
g
n
etiza
tio
n
f
au
lt
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
E
lectr
o
m
ec
h
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n
ical
t
o
r
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u
e
at
d
em
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g
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etiza
tio
n
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u
lt
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co
n
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iti
o
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s
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Sp
ee
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
at
d
em
a
g
n
etiza
tio
n
f
au
lts
co
n
d
itio
n
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8792
I
n
t J
A
p
p
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w
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g
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Vo
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8
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No
.
2
,
A
u
g
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s
t 2
0
1
9
:
1
7
3
–
1
8
5
178
4
.
3
.
M
ec
ha
nica
l f
a
ult
T
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
f
au
l
t
i
n
P
MS
M
o
cc
u
r
s
d
u
e
to
a
f
au
l
t
i
n
b
e
ar
in
g
,
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
f
lu
x
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n
air
g
ap
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m
o
to
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ce
n
tr
icit
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,
a
n
d
d
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lectio
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in
s
h
a
f
t o
r
m
as
s
u
n
b
alan
ce
[
2
3
]
.
B
ea
ring
f
a
ult
T
h
e
b
ea
r
in
g
f
a
u
lt
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s
a
m
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h
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ica
l
f
a
u
lt
w
h
ic
h
ca
n
ar
i
s
e
in
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MSM
s
.
T
h
is
f
au
l
t
is
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
p
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o
d
u
ctio
n
d
ef
ec
ts
,
th
e
m
o
to
r
s
h
a
f
t
v
o
lta
g
es,
s
o
m
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
w
h
ic
h
in
cl
u
d
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ex
ce
s
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iv
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te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
an
d
h
u
m
id
it
y
,
f
ac
to
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s
w
h
ich
i
n
cl
u
d
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m
p
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tallat
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n
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in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
lu
b
r
icatio
n
.
W
h
ile
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
s
w
itc
h
in
g
f
r
eq
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en
c
y
h
ig
h
i
n
s
id
e
th
e
m
o
to
r
f
o
r
ce
g
i
v
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n
o
is
eles
s
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
m
o
to
r
,
it
s
p
ee
d
y
ca
u
s
e
s
d
ef
ec
ts
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
b
ea
r
i
n
g
s
[
5
]
.
E
cc
ent
ricit
y
f
a
ult
T
h
is
f
au
l
t
o
cc
u
r
s
w
h
e
n
u
n
eq
u
al
air
g
ap
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
a
n
d
s
tato
r
,
ec
ce
n
tr
icit
y
i
n
air
g
ap
ca
n
b
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
d
u
r
i
n
g
i
m
p
er
f
ec
tio
n
s
in
th
e
m
a
n
u
f
ac
tu
r
i
n
g
s
tag
e
o
r
m
o
to
r
o
p
er
a
tio
n
[
2
0
]
.
I
n
co
r
r
ec
t
p
o
s
itio
n
i
n
g
f
o
r
ec
ce
n
tr
icit
y
f
au
l
ts
t
h
at
ca
u
s
ed
th
e
b
e
n
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
m
o
to
r
s
h
a
f
t.
T
h
is
f
a
u
lt
ca
n
b
e
cla
s
s
i
f
ied
in
to
t
h
r
ee
t
y
p
es:
s
tatic
ec
ce
n
tr
ic
it
y
(
SE)
,
d
y
n
a
m
ic
ec
ce
n
tr
icit
y
(
DE
)
,
an
d
m
ix
ed
ec
ce
n
tr
icit
y
w
h
ich
i
s
tac
k
p
lace
f
r
o
m
s
tatic
an
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
i
m
u
ltan
eo
u
s
l
y
[
2
]
,
s
tatic
ec
ce
n
tr
icit
y
is
o
cc
u
r
w
h
e
n
th
e
air
g
ap
m
in
i
m
u
m
r
a
d
ial
o
f
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
is
f
ix
ed
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
i
n
co
r
r
ec
t
p
o
s
itio
n
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
s
ta
to
r
m
id
d
le
o
r
th
e
s
tato
r
c
o
r
e
o
v
alit
y
,
at
th
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e
as
d
y
n
a
m
ic
ec
ce
n
tr
icit
y
i
s
ar
is
e
in
w
h
ic
h
th
e
lo
c
atio
n
o
f
th
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
r
ad
ial
a
ir
g
ap
r
o
tates
w
it
h
r
o
to
r
.
T
h
is
f
a
u
lt
ca
n
b
e
ca
u
s
e
d
b
y
a
d
i
s
h
o
n
est
s
h
a
f
t,
w
o
r
n
b
ea
r
in
g
s
,
u
n
ev
e
n
t
h
er
m
a
l
ex
p
an
s
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
,
an
d
ex
ce
s
s
iv
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
s
tatic
ec
ce
n
tr
icit
y
,
ec
ce
n
tr
icit
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
u
n
b
alan
ce
d
m
a
g
n
etic
p
u
l
l,
w
h
ich
en
d
s
u
p
in
b
ea
r
in
g
p
u
t
o
n
,
v
ib
r
atio
n
,
r
o
to
r
d
ef
lectio
n
a
n
d
ac
o
u
s
tic
n
o
i
s
e
[
2
0
]
.
I
n
an
o
t
h
er
m
ea
n
(
DE
)
f
a
u
lts
o
cc
u
r
w
h
e
n
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
r
o
to
r
an
d
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
r
o
tatio
n
ar
e
n
o
t
id
en
tical
w
h
ile
(
SE)
o
cc
u
r
s
w
h
e
n
th
e
ce
n
ter
lin
e
d
o
es
n
o
t
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
w
i
th
t
h
e
s
ta
to
r
b
o
r
e
th
ese
f
a
u
lt
s
ca
n
b
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
[
2
4
]
.
C
en
tr
ic
r
o
to
r
S
tatic
ec
ce
n
tr
ici
t
y
(
SE)
D
y
n
a
m
ic
ec
ce
n
tr
icit
y
(
DE
)
Fig
u
r
e
10
. E
cc
en
tr
icit
y
f
au
l
ts
5.
SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
O
F
P
M
S
M
T
h
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
o
f
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
in
c
lu
d
e
t
h
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
P
MSM
,
th
e
m
o
d
el
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
t
w
o
p
ar
ts
,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
p
ar
t
r
ef
er
s
to
elec
tr
ical
an
d
d
e
m
a
g
n
e
tizatio
n
f
a
u
lt
s
w
h
ile
a
n
o
th
er
p
ar
t
co
n
tain
s
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
f
au
lt.
5
.
1
.
E
lect
ri
ca
l a
nd
de
m
a
g
ne
t
iza
t
io
n f
a
ults
T
h
e
tr
ain
in
g
d
ata
b
y
u
s
in
g
n
e
u
r
o
-
f
u
zz
y
n
et
w
o
r
k
an
d
n
eu
r
al
ar
tif
icial
n
et
w
o
r
k
o
f
th
e
s
i
m
u
lin
k
m
o
d
el
ca
n
b
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
1
an
d
1
2
.
T
h
is
in
telli
g
e
n
t
n
et
w
o
r
k
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
t
h
r
ee
in
p
u
ts
(
R
s
–
Lq
–
)
an
d
o
n
e
o
u
tp
u
t
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
m
ac
h
i
n
e
(
h
ea
lth
y
o
r
f
au
lt
s
co
n
d
itio
n
s
)
)
an
d
2
7
h
id
d
en
lay
er
s
o
f
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
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A
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N:
2252
-
8792
F
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8792
I
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A
p
p
l P
o
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
A
p
p
l P
o
w
er
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
F
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8792
I
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t J
A
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n
e
t
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
f
a
u
l
t
3
W
h
er
e
R
L
(
lo
w
r
e
s
is
ta
n
ce
)
,
R
M
(
m
ed
i
u
m
r
esi
s
tan
ce
)
,
R
H
(
h
ig
h
r
e
s
is
ta
n
ce
)
,
L
L
(
l
o
w
q
-
ax
i
s
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
)
,
L
M
(
m
ed
iu
m
q
-
ax
is
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
)
,
L
H
(
h
i
g
h
q
-
ax
is
i
n
d
u
c
tan
ce
)
,
FL
(
lo
w
f
l
u
x
)
,
FM
(
m
ed
iu
m
f
l
u
x
)
,
FH (
h
ig
h
f
lu
x
)
.
T
ab
le
3.
T
r
ain
in
g
Dat
a
o
f
t
h
e
Seco
n
d
Mo
d
el
at
(
Hea
lth
y
a
n
d
Me
ch
an
ica
l Fau
lt
)
M
o
me
n
t
o
f
i
n
e
r
t
i
a
(
J)
F
r
i
c
t
i
o
n
f
a
c
t
o
r
(
B
m)
C
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
o
f
mac
h
i
n
e
N
o
.
0
<
J
<
5
e
-
4
JL
0
<
B
m<
0
.
0
2
BL
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
f
a
u
l
t
4
6e
-
4
<
J
<
1
8
e
-
4
JM
0
<
B
m<
0
.
0
2
BL
H
e
a
l
t
h
y
1
2e
-
3
<
J <
1
e
-
2
JH
0
<
B
m<
0
.
0
2
BL
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
f
a
u
l
t
4
6e
-
4
<
J
<
1
8
e
-
4
JM
0
.
0
2
<
J
<
0
.
0
9
BM
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
f
a
u
l
t
4
6e
-
4
<
J
<
1
8
e
-
4
JM
0
.
1
<
B
m<
0
.
2
BH
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
f
a
u
l
t
4
W
h
er
e
J
L
(
lo
w
i
n
er
tia)
,
J
M
(
m
ed
iu
m
i
n
er
tia)
,
J
H
(
h
ig
h
in
er
tia)
,
B
L
(
lo
w
f
r
ictio
n
)
,
B
M
(
m
ed
i
u
m
f
r
icti
o
n
)
,
B
H
(
h
i
g
h
f
r
ictio
n
)
.
F
ig
u
r
e
2
2
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
m
e
m
b
er
s
h
i
p
o
f
d
etec
to
r
f
o
r
d
ata
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
a
b
le
2
-
3.
Fig
u
r
e
22.
(
a)
.
I
n
p
u
t
Var
iab
le
R
s
(
R
H
Hig
h
R
e
s
is
tan
ce
)
Fig
u
r
e
2
2
.
(
b
)
.
I
n
p
u
t
Var
iab
le
Flu
x
(
FH (
Hig
h
Fl
u
x
)
)
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