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p
h
a
s
es
ar
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
ated
b
y
f
ix
ed
s
er
ies
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
.
T
h
e
T
C
SC
an
d
SS
S
C
co
n
tr
o
ls
ar
e
in
itiall
y
s
et
s
u
c
h
th
at
th
e
ir
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t
co
m
p
e
n
s
at
io
n
s
at
th
e
p
o
w
er
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
co
m
b
in
ed
w
it
h
th
e
f
i
x
ed
ca
p
ac
ito
r
y
ie
ld
a
r
esu
lta
n
t
co
m
p
e
n
s
at
io
n
eq
u
al
to
t
h
e
o
th
er
t
w
o
p
h
ase
s
.
T
h
ese
t
w
o
s
c
h
e
m
es
w
o
u
ld
,
d
e
f
in
itel
y
,
b
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ical
l
y
attr
ac
ti
v
e
w
h
e
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
a
f
u
ll
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
T
C
SC
o
r
SS
S
C
,
w
h
ic
h
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
/p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
p
o
w
er
o
s
cillatio
n
s
d
a
m
p
in
g
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
th
y
r
is
to
r
v
al
v
e
s
an
d
VSC
to
o
n
e
th
ir
d
w
il
l
also
h
av
e
a
p
o
s
it
iv
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
m
a
in
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
th
is
p
ap
er
is
in
tr
o
d
u
cin
g
a
n
ec
o
n
o
m
ical
p
h
ase
i
m
b
ala
n
ce
d
s
h
u
n
t
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
co
n
ce
p
t
an
d
in
v
es
tig
a
tin
g
it
s
ab
ilit
y
f
o
r
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
d
y
n
a
m
ic
e
n
h
a
n
ce
m
en
t
an
d
S
SR
d
a
m
p
i
n
g
.
A
s
h
u
n
t
h
y
b
r
id
p
h
ase
i
m
b
ala
n
ce
d
s
c
h
e
m
e
is
a
s
h
u
n
t
ca
p
ac
it
iv
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
at
io
n
s
c
h
e
m
e,
w
h
er
e
t
w
o
p
h
a
s
es
ar
e
co
m
p
en
s
a
ted
b
y
f
i
x
ed
s
h
u
n
t
ca
p
ac
ito
r
(
C
)
an
d
th
e
th
ir
d
p
h
ase
is
co
m
p
e
n
s
ated
b
y
a
Si
n
g
le
P
h
ase
Static
S
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
C
o
m
p
e
n
s
ato
r
(
ST
A
T
C
OM
)
in
s
h
u
n
t
w
it
h
a
f
i
x
ed
ca
p
ac
ito
r
(
)
.
C
er
tain
l
y
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
r
an
g
e
m
e
n
t
w
o
u
ld
,
b
e
ec
o
n
o
m
icall
y
at
tr
ac
tiv
e
w
h
en
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
a
f
u
ll
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
ST
A
T
C
OM
w
h
ich
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
/p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
p
o
w
er
s
w
i
n
g
s
an
d
s
u
b
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
r
eso
n
an
ce
o
s
cilla
tio
n
s
d
a
m
p
i
n
g
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
th
y
r
is
to
r
v
al
v
es
a
n
d
VSC
to
o
n
e
-
t
h
ir
d
w
il
l
al
s
o
h
a
v
e
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
i
m
p
a
ct
o
n
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t
r
eliab
ili
t
y
.
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
ta
b
ilit
y
e
n
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
an
d
SS
R
d
a
m
p
in
g
w
o
u
ld
b
e
a
ch
iev
ed
b
y
ad
d
in
g
a
n
a
u
x
iliar
y
d
a
m
p
i
n
g
co
n
tr
o
ller
to
th
e
m
ain
co
n
tr
o
l
lo
o
p
o
f
th
e
s
in
g
le
p
h
ase
ST
A
T
C
OM
.
T
o
o
p
tim
ize
t
h
e
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
o
f
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
Da
m
p
i
n
g
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
th
e
P
ar
ticle
S
w
ar
m
Op
ti
m
izatio
n
(
P
SO)
m
et
h
o
d
is
u
tili
ze
d
.
T
h
e
P
SO
is
a
p
o
p
u
latio
n
b
ased
s
to
ch
asti
c
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
p
r
o
m
p
ted
b
y
s
o
ci
al
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
b
ir
d
f
lo
ck
in
g
o
r
f
is
h
s
c
h
o
o
li
n
g
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
Fas
t
Fo
u
r
ier
T
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
(
FF
T
)
an
d
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
to
v
alid
at
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e.
2.
P
H
ASE
I
M
B
AL
ANCED
SH
UNT CO
M
P
E
NSAT
I
O
N
SC
H
E
M
E
T
h
e
ST
A
T
C
OM
is
a
w
el
l
-
k
n
o
w
n
s
h
u
n
t
co
n
n
ec
ted
F
A
C
T
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
b
ased
o
n
Vo
lt
ag
e
So
u
r
ce
C
o
n
v
er
ter
(
VSC
)
.
As
illu
s
tr
at
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
a
ty
p
ical
ST
AT
C
OM
is
r
ea
lized
w
i
th
a
th
r
e
e
-
p
h
a
s
e
VSC
,
a
d
c
lin
k
ca
p
ac
ito
r
an
d
an
in
ter
f
ac
i
n
g
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
A
l
s
o
a
f
ilter
in
g
s
tag
e
(
n
o
t
s
h
o
w
n
)
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
VS
C
f
o
r
alle
v
iati
n
g
t
h
e
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
p
o
llu
t
io
n
i
n
th
e
i
n
j
ec
ted
v
o
ltag
e
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
ST
A
T
C
OM
is
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
g
e
n
er
atin
g
o
r
ab
s
o
r
b
in
g
r
ea
ct
iv
e
p
o
w
er
.
B
y
v
ar
y
in
g
th
e
a
m
p
litu
d
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
es,
th
e
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
w
er
e
x
c
h
an
g
e
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
an
d
t
h
e
ac
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
;
h
e
n
ce
,
it
g
iv
e
s
t
h
e
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
it
y
to
co
n
tr
o
l
s
o
m
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
(
e.
g
.
v
o
lt
ag
e)
o
f
an
elec
tr
ic
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
o
ad
d
r
ess
in
m
o
r
e
d
etail
s
,
th
e
ST
A
T
C
OM
m
ai
n
tas
k
is
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
d
y
n
a
m
icall
y
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
it
i
s
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
e
x
p
ec
ted
to
y
ield
s
o
m
e
a
n
cill
ar
y
d
u
tie
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
p
o
w
er
o
s
cillatio
n
d
a
m
p
in
g
,
tr
an
s
ie
n
t
s
tab
ilit
y
en
h
a
n
ce
m
e
n
t,
v
o
lta
g
e
f
l
ic
k
er
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
s
o
f
o
r
th
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
also
d
is
p
la
y
s
t
h
e
m
ai
n
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
o
f
t
h
e
s
i
n
g
le
p
h
a
s
e
S
T
A
T
C
OM
co
n
s
id
er
ed
h
er
e.
Fro
m
th
is
f
i
g
u
r
e
it
ca
n
b
e
s
e
en
t
h
at
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
r
eq
u
ir
e
s
th
r
ee
in
p
u
t
s
i
g
n
al
s
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
ac
s
y
s
te
m
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e,
V
,
co
n
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
o
i
an
d
th
e
b
u
s
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
v
o
ltag
e
R
e
f
V
.
A
s
i
llu
s
tr
ated
,
v
o
lta
g
e
V
o
p
er
ates
a
p
h
ase
-
lo
c
k
ed
lo
o
p
(
P
L
L
)
w
h
ich
d
eter
m
in
e
s
th
e
b
asic
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
izin
g
s
ig
n
a
l,
an
g
le
.
T
h
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
c
u
r
r
en
t
oQ
I
is
ex
tr
ac
ted
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
c
u
r
r
en
t r
e
f
er
en
ce
,
Q
R
e
f
I
.
Ulti
m
atel
y
t
h
e
o
b
tain
ed
er
r
o
r
s
ig
n
al
is
u
tili
ze
d
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
an
g
le
,
w
h
ic
h
d
eter
m
i
n
es
t
h
e
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
p
h
a
s
e
s
h
if
t
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
an
d
th
e
ac
s
y
s
te
m
v
o
lta
g
e.
I
n
th
e
s
eq
u
el
w
h
en
is
ca
lc
u
lated
,
th
e
d
c
lin
k
ca
p
ac
ito
r
is
ch
ar
g
ed
o
r
d
is
ch
ar
g
ed
to
th
e
d
c
v
o
ltag
e
le
v
el
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
[
1
6
].
A
p
h
a
s
e
i
m
b
ala
n
ce
d
ST
A
T
C
OM
is
a
s
h
u
n
t
co
m
p
en
s
a
tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e,
w
h
er
e
t
w
o
p
h
ase
s
ar
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
ated
b
y
f
i
x
ed
s
h
u
n
t
c
ap
ac
ito
r
(
C
)
an
d
t
h
e
th
ir
d
p
h
a
s
e
i
s
co
m
p
e
n
s
ated
b
y
a
s
i
n
g
le
p
h
ase
ST
A
T
C
OM
p
ar
alleled
w
ith
a
f
ix
ed
ca
p
ac
it
o
r
(
C
c
)
as
s
h
o
w
n
o
n
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
p
h
ase
i
m
b
alan
ce
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
Sch
e
m
e
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
lain
ed
m
at
h
e
m
atica
l
l
y
as
f
o
llo
w
s
.
A
t
th
e
p
o
w
er
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
,
th
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
f
o
r
p
h
ases
a,
b
an
d
c
ar
e
g
iv
e
n
b
y
:
c
b
a
Q
Q
Q
(
1
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8792
IJ
A
P
E
Vo
l.
6
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
7
:
1
5
0
–
1
5
9
152
S
T
A
T
C
O
M
Cc
c
Q
Q
Q
(
2
)
Du
r
in
g
a
n
y
o
t
h
er
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
,
F
e
S
T
A
T
C
O
M
S
T
A
T
C
O
M
Cc
c
Q
Q
Q
Q
(
3
)
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
ter
m
s
i
n
(
2
)
an
d
(
3
)
ar
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
i
n
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
.
T
h
e
th
i
r
d
ter
m
i
n
(
3
)
r
ep
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
c
h
a
n
g
e
i
n
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
r
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I
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r
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u
r
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[
2
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.
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t
h
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b
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h
as
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as
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p
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t
s
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g
n
al
o
f
SS
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d
a
m
p
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co
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ller
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A
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
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7
,
h
as
b
ee
n
i
m
p
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m
en
ted
as
an
ad
d
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h
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co
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f
ilter
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ase
co
m
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n
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lo
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li
m
iter
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d
a
g
ain
b
lo
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T
h
e
w
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f
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u
s
ed
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p
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en
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to
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g
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d
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1
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w
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K
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m
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.
[
U
P
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A
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[
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Fig
u
r
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7
.
SS
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d
a
m
p
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n
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co
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b
lo
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d
iag
r
a
m
4
.
1
.
P
SO
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
P
SO
w
h
ich
i
s
f
ir
s
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ev
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p
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b
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Dr
.
Ken
n
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y
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n
d
Dr
.
E
b
er
h
ar
t
in
1
9
9
5
,
is
a
p
o
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u
latio
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ased
s
to
ch
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o
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eth
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n
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p
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b
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f
b
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lo
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in
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o
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f
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h
s
ch
o
o
li
n
g
[
1
8
]
.
I
t
u
s
u
all
y
i
s
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
to
i
m
p
r
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v
e
th
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s
p
ee
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o
f
t
h
e
co
n
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ce
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al
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etec
t
t
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e
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al
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m
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al
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e
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j
ec
tiv
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n
ct
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t
ca
n
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
to
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o
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e
m
a
n
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a
m
e
p
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lem
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th
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d
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o
r
ith
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s
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(
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A
)
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n
c
o
m
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ar
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it
h
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A
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th
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ea
s
y
to
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m
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le
m
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n
t,
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s
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u
s
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le
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ar
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eter
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is
s
u
itab
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f
o
r
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atu
r
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o
f
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h
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p
r
o
b
lem
,
a
n
d
is
ea
s
y
f
o
r
co
d
in
g
[
14
]
.
So
,
w
it
h
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
o
f
th
ese
m
er
its
to
w
ar
d
o
th
er
m
e
th
o
d
s
,
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
ar
e
co
n
v
i
n
ce
d
to
u
s
e
t
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
w
id
el
y
.
T
h
e
P
SO
is
lau
n
c
h
ed
w
it
h
s
o
m
e
in
i
tial r
an
d
o
m
p
ar
ticles a
n
d
s
ea
r
ch
e
s
f
o
r
th
e
o
p
ti
m
al
p
o
in
t
w
i
th
u
p
d
atin
g
t
h
e
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
.
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n
P
SO
alg
o
r
it
h
m
,
s
o
m
e
s
i
m
p
l
e
en
titi
e
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
n
a
m
ed
as
p
ar
ticles
ar
e
lo
ca
ted
in
t
h
e
s
ea
r
ch
s
p
ac
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
r
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
E
ac
h
p
ar
ticle,
at
it
s
cu
r
r
e
n
t
p
o
s
itio
n
,
ca
lc
u
lates
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
a
n
d
th
e
n
d
eter
m
in
e
s
its
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
s
ea
r
ch
s
p
ac
e.
T
h
e
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
ca
n
b
e
d
o
n
e
b
y
ag
g
r
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g
ati
n
g
s
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m
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I
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2252
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8792
IJ
A
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ith
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7
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W
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
A
P
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N:
2252
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8792
A
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RE
F
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S
[1
]
T
.
J.E
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M
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I
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G
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M
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0
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K.
V
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ried
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.
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m
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k
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.
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ris,
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ter
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4
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Ho
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C.
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5
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6
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N.
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g
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Pre
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.
[1
7
]
"
S
e
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in
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r A
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[1
8
]
J.
Ke
n
n
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d
R.
Eb
e
rh
a
rt,
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ICNN
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9
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M
.
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a
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Ke
n
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lex
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in
IEE
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A
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lg
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Un
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c
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n
s
m
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y
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(F
A
CT
S
.
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.