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Im
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c
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c
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r
b
u
il
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in
to
se
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s
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h
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rm
o
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ic
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t
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o
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h
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n
g
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rm
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t
ro
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c
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sy
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ti
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g
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li
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n
t
h
is
st
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d
y
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a
c
h
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n
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a
KY
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tain
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g
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t
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o
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o
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ic
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o
n
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ro
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r.
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h
e
to
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rm
o
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ic d
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(THD) o
f
th
e
fo
u
r
m
o
d
e
ls i
s c
o
m
p
a
re
d
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Fu
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
E
lectr
ic
v
eh
icle
KY
b
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
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e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
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r th
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CC B
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li
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se
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C
o
r
r
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s
p
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A
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r
:
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alla
Up
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ar
Dep
ar
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t o
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lectr
ical
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n
g
i
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g
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Facu
lty
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f
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g
in
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Un
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s
ity
C
o
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o
f
E
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g
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r
in
g
(
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Osma
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Un
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s
ity
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,
T
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n
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5
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.
c
o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
E
lectr
ic
v
eh
icles
will
p
la
y
a
cr
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p
ar
t
in
r
eso
lv
in
g
en
er
g
y
s
h
o
r
tag
es
a
n
d
en
v
i
r
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n
m
en
tal
d
eg
r
ad
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is
s
u
es
s
in
ce
th
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em
it
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p
o
llu
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a
n
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c
o
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u
m
e
less
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g
y
.
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lectr
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v
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icles
ar
e
b
ec
o
m
in
g
m
o
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e
e
n
v
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m
en
tally
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ich
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b
y
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to
m
a
k
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'
d
esire
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s
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o
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to
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o
b
iles
.
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icles
p
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o
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e
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o
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ly
6
0
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o
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atin
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E
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ca
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s
h
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o
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tial to
en
h
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ce
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tr
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s
av
e
en
er
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y
,
an
d
r
e
d
u
ce
em
is
s
io
n
s
[
1
]
.
As
civ
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n
p
r
o
g
r
ess
es,
m
o
r
e
elec
tr
ic
v
eh
icles
will
b
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m
e
av
ailab
le
to
th
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g
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p
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ec
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t
h
e
in
s
tallatio
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o
f
a
m
ass
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n
u
m
b
er
o
f
c
h
ar
g
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g
p
o
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ts
at
th
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am
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s
tan
t.
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v
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icles
ar
e
ch
ar
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ly
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d
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at
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o
m
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ch
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tatio
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v
eh
icles
co
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ld
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wh
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cc
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cr
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s
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y
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tem
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.
L
ar
g
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l
u
m
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o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
ar
e
p
r
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ce
d
wh
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ch
ar
g
in
g
o
f
elec
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v
e
h
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d
u
e
to
th
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p
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d
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ar
m
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ay
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s
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am
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2
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p
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[
3
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–
[
6
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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Ap
p
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E
n
g
I
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N:
2252
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8
7
9
2
I
mp
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ta
tio
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a
n
d
s
tu
d
y
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f f
u
z
z
y
b
a
s
ed
K
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o
o
s
t c
o
n
ve
r
ter
…
(
Ja
lla
Up
en
d
a
r
)
99
2.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
m
o
d
el
is
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
el
p
o
wer
is
tak
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at
1
1
K
V
an
d
it
is
s
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4
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5
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V
u
s
in
g
two
th
r
ee
p
h
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s
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tr
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s
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ase
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o
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th
y
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is
to
r
b
r
i
d
g
e
r
e
ctif
ier
s
”.
T
h
e
DC
o
u
t
p
u
t
is
g
iv
e
n
t
o
s
ev
en
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
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n
th
is
m
o
d
el
eith
er
KY
b
o
o
s
t
o
r
th
e
b
u
ck
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
ar
e
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
.
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o
co
n
tr
o
l
t
h
e
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
a
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
u
s
ed
.
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n
th
is
m
o
d
el
eith
er
PI
o
r
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
u
s
ed
.
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,
f
o
u
r
m
o
d
els
ar
e
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
th
ey
ar
e
i)
b
u
c
k
-
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
te
r
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
“PI
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
”
,
ii)
b
u
ck
-
bo
o
s
t
-
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
“
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
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,
iii)
KY
bo
o
s
t
-
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
“PI
co
n
t
r
o
ller
,
an
d
iv
)
K
Y
b
o
o
s
t c
o
n
tr
o
lled
with
“
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
”
.
T
h
e
Har
m
o
n
ics o
f
C
u
r
r
en
t
g
en
er
ated
b
y
f
o
u
r
d
if
f
e
r
en
t m
o
d
el
s
ar
e
b
e
ex
am
in
e
d
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
b
l
o
ck
d
iag
r
am
3.
KY
B
O
O
ST
CO
NV
E
R
T
E
R
Fig
u
r
e
2
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
“KY
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
”,
wh
i
ch
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
“
KY
–
co
n
v
er
ter
”
an
d
a
“
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
SR
-
b
o
o
s
t
-
co
n
v
er
ter
”
.
KY
-
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
I
t
s
m
ad
e
u
p
o
f
s
witch
es
S
2
,
S
1
,
th
e
d
io
d
e
(D
b
)
,
t
he
en
er
g
y
-
tr
a
n
s
f
er
r
in
g
-
ca
p
ac
i
to
r
(C
b
)
,
t
h
e
lo
a
d
s
id
e
i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
(L
o
)
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
lo
a
d
s
id
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
(C
o
)
[
7
]
–
[
9
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
KY
c
o
n
v
er
te
r
’
s
in
p
u
t
is
s
u
b
s
titu
ted
with
o
n
e
b
u
f
f
er
ca
p
ac
ito
r
-
C
m
.
I
n
co
n
t
r
ast,
a
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
“SR
-
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
”
m
ad
e
up
o
f
s
witch
es
S
2
a
n
d
S
1
a
n
d
(L
i
)
t
h
e
in
p
u
t
-
in
d
u
cto
r
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
b
u
f
f
er
ca
p
ac
ito
r
(
C
m
)
s
er
v
es
as
a
b
u
f
f
er
h
e
r
e
with
t
h
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
SR
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
an
d
KY
-
co
n
v
er
ter
,
in
o
th
er
wo
r
d
s
,
th
e
b
u
f
f
er
-
c
a
p
ac
ito
r
(
C
m
)
r
ep
lace
s
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
“SR
b
o
o
s
t
-
co
n
v
e
r
ter
”.
On
e
l
o
ad
r
esis
to
r
R
L
[
1
0
]
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t l
o
ad
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
KY
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
So
m
e
o
f
th
e
ass
u
m
p
tio
n
s
in
cl
u
d
e
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
:
i)
T
h
er
e
is
n
o
d
elay
b
etwe
en
th
e
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ic
s
witch
es;
ii)
T
h
er
e
ar
e
ze
r
o
v
o
ltag
e
-
d
r
o
p
s
at
s
witch
an
d
d
io
d
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
o
n
-
p
er
io
d
;
iii)
C
u
r
r
en
ts
-
f
lo
win
g
i
n
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
s
L
o
an
d
L
i
wer
e
d
en
o
ted
as
i
L
o
an
d
i
L
i
;
a
n
d
i
v
)
th
e
en
e
r
g
y
-
t
r
an
s
f
er
ca
p
ac
ito
r
(C
b
)
wh
ich
o
p
er
ates
wih
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
“c
h
a
r
g
e
p
u
m
p
”,
C
m
is
r
ap
id
ly
ex
cite
d
with
V
Cm
in
th
e
s
m
all
ti
m
e,
less
er
th
an
th
e
s
witch
in
g
p
er
io
d
T
s
[
1
1
]
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
is
o
p
er
ated
in
two
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
m
o
d
es,
s
witch
in
g
-
o
n
tim
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
sw
itch
es
ar
e
(
1
-
D,
D)
,
wh
e
r
e
D
an
d
(1
-
D)
ar
e
th
e
d
u
ty
c
y
cles
o
f
s
witch
S
2
an
d
S
1
re
s
p
ec
tiv
ely
,
d
u
ty
-
c
y
cle
(
D)
f
o
r
s
witch
S1
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
b
ec
a
u
s
e
all
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
ar
e
i
n
p
er
f
ec
t
wo
r
k
i
n
g
o
r
d
e
r
,
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
at
(
C
m
)
r
o
u
g
h
ly
eq
u
als th
e
v
o
ltag
e
at
(
C
b
).
-
Mo
d
e
1
:
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
a)
,
S
2
is
s
witch
ed
o
n
wh
ile
S
1
is
s
witch
ed
o
f
f
.
I
n
th
is
s
itu
atio
n
,
ca
th
o
d
e
(
C
b
)
ter
m
in
al
is
d
r
ag
g
ed
to
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
o
ten
tial,
an
d
D
b
b
ec
o
m
es
f
o
r
war
d
-
b
iased
it
b
eg
i
n
s
to
co
n
d
u
ct.
I
n
th
is
p
h
ase,
t
h
e
C
m
is
d
ee
n
er
g
ized
wh
ile
th
e
C
b
is
ch
ar
g
e
d
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
at
L
i
is
V
i
,
m
ak
in
g
L
i
to
m
ag
n
etis
e,
b
u
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
2
2
:
9
8
-
1
0
8
100
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
at
L
o
is
V
o
–
V
Cm
,
m
ak
in
g
L
o
to
d
is
ch
ar
g
e.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
C
o
B
ec
o
m
e
s
i
Lo
−i
RL
,
b
u
t th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t th
r
o
u
g
h
C
m
eq
u
als th
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
–
i
Cb
an
d
–
i
Lo
.
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
3
]
.
-
Mo
d
e2
:
S
2
is
s
witch
ed
o
f
f
an
d
s
witch
S
1
i
s
s
wi
tch
ed
-
o
n
as
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
b
)
.
B
ec
au
s
e
S
1
wa
s
s
witch
ed
-
o
n
d
u
r
in
g
p
r
esen
t
s
itu
atio
n
,
D
b
is
s
wich
ed
-
o
f
f
.
C
m
is
en
er
g
is
ed
in
t
h
is
m
o
d
e
,
wh
er
ea
s
C
b
is
d
en
er
g
is
ed
.
As a
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
at
L
i
was V
i
-
V
cm
r
esu
ltin
g
in
L
i
is
d
is
ch
ar
g
ed
,
b
u
t
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
at
L
o
was
2
V
Cm
-
V
0
;
r
esu
ltin
g
in
L
o
is
m
ag
n
etize
d
.
Fu
r
th
e
r
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
C
o
eq
u
al
s
i
Lo
-
i
RL
,
b
u
t
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t th
r
o
u
g
h
C
m
eq
u
als to
i
Li
–
i
Lo
[
1
4
]
.
As a
r
esu
lt,
“KY
b
o
o
s
t
-
co
n
v
e
r
ter
”
o
u
t
-
p
u
t to
in
p
u
t v
o
ltag
e
-
r
a
tio
is
:
=
2
−
1
−
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
KY
b
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
er
ter
:
(
a)
f
lo
w
o
f
p
o
we
r
in
m
o
d
e
1
a
n
d
(
b
)
f
lo
w
o
f
p
o
wer
in
m
o
d
e
2
4.
E
L
E
C
T
RIC V
E
H
I
C
L
E
An
elec
tr
ic
v
eh
icle
is
o
n
e
th
a
t
is
p
r
o
p
elled
b
y
elec
tr
ic
m
o
t
o
r
s
an
d
d
r
aws
p
o
wer
f
r
o
m
a
n
o
n
b
o
a
r
d
elec
tr
ic
s
o
u
r
ce
.
I
t
is
m
o
r
e
d
u
r
ab
le
an
d
h
as
a
s
im
p
ler
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
d
esig
n
th
an
a
g
aso
lin
e
v
eh
icle.
B
ec
au
s
e
it
d
o
es
n
o
t
em
it
em
is
s
io
n
s
lik
e
an
i
n
ter
n
al
c
o
m
b
u
s
tio
n
en
g
i
n
e,
it
h
as
a
h
ig
h
er
f
u
el
ec
o
n
o
m
y
t
h
an
g
aso
lin
e.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
au
to
m
o
b
ile
in
d
u
s
tr
y
is
n
o
t
y
et
f
u
lly
co
m
m
itted
to
p
u
r
e
elec
tr
ic
v
eh
icles
d
u
e
to
an
is
s
u
e
wi
th
cu
r
r
en
t b
atter
y
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
.
T
h
e
b
atter
y
is
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
lar
s
to
r
ag
e
d
e
v
ice
u
s
ed
in
elec
tr
ic
v
eh
ic
les
f
o
r
s
to
r
in
g
elec
tr
ic
en
er
g
y
.
I
t c
an
s
to
r
e
a
lo
t o
f
en
er
g
y
in
a
s
m
all
am
o
u
n
t o
f
s
p
ac
e
an
d
weig
h
t
[
1
5
]
–
[
1
8
]
.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
el
L
i
-
io
n
B
atter
y
with
n
o
m
in
al
v
o
lt
ag
e
o
f
3
2
0
V
is
u
s
ed
as
lo
a
d
at
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
o
f
eith
er
“
b
u
c
k
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
”
o
r
“KY
-
b
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
”.
5.
F
UZ
Z
Y
L
O
G
I
C
CO
N
T
RO
L
L
E
R
R
u
les
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
th
e
l
i
n
g
u
is
tic
v
ar
iab
les
ar
e
p
r
im
ar
ily
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
l.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
s
o
lely
b
y
s
im
p
le
m
ath
em
atica
l
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
s
.
Desp
ite
th
e
f
ac
t
th
at
i
t
is
b
ased
o
n
b
asic
m
ath
em
atics
.
I
t
h
as
g
o
o
d
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
a
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
,
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
an
al
y
s
is
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
is
s
tr
ateg
y
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
lar
.
T
h
e
g
r
ea
test
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le,
as
well
as
o
n
e
th
at
is
ea
s
ier
to
co
n
tr
o
l
a
p
la
n
t.
A
f
u
zz
y
-
lo
g
ic
co
n
t
r
o
ller
h
as
th
r
ee
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
b
lo
c
k
s
th
ey
a
r
e
i
)
“
f
u
zz
if
icatio
n
”
,
ii
)
“
f
u
zz
y
r
u
le
-
b
ase
”
an
d
“
i
n
ter
f
ac
in
g
”
,
iii
)
“
d
e
-
f
u
zz
if
icati
on
”.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
el
t
h
er
e
a
r
e
s
ev
e
n
-
m
em
b
e
r
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
f
o
r
in
p
u
ts
a
n
d
o
u
tp
u
ts
in
t
h
is
f
u
zz
y
-
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ar
e
th
e
m
em
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
:
n
eg
ativ
e
h
u
g
e
(
NH)
,
n
eg
ati
v
e
m
o
d
er
ate
(
NM
)
,
n
eg
ativ
e
less
(
NL
)
,
ze
r
o
(
Z
O)
,
p
o
s
itiv
e
less
(
PL)
,
p
o
s
i
tiv
e
m
o
d
er
ate
(
PM)
,
p
o
s
itiv
e
h
u
g
e
(
PH)
.
On
e
in
p
u
t
to
th
e
“
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
”
g
iv
e
n
with
er
r
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
th
at
is
d
if
f
er
en
ce
in
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
to
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
v
o
ltag
e
[
1
9
]
–
[
2
7
]
.
Seco
n
d
in
p
u
t
is
d
if
f
er
en
ce
in
er
r
o
r
th
at
is
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
-
b
etwe
en
th
e
p
r
esen
t
e
r
r
o
r
v
o
ltag
es
to
p
r
ev
io
u
s
-
e
r
r
o
r
v
o
ltag
e.
Ou
t
-
p
u
t
th
e
“f
u
zz
y
-
lo
g
ic”
is
“d
u
ty
r
atio
”.
T
h
e
“f
u
zzy
-
l
o
g
ic”
wo
r
k
s
o
n
th
e
r
u
le
b
ase.
I
t
h
as
two
in
-
p
u
ts
an
d
s
in
g
le
o
u
t
-
p
u
t
a
n
d
s
ev
en
m
em
b
er
s
h
ip
-
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
f
o
r
ea
c
h
in
p
u
t,
s
o
t
o
tal
o
f
4
9
r
u
les ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
as sh
o
wn
in
f
o
llo
win
g
T
ab
le
1
.
W
h
er
e
C
E
is
d
if
f
er
en
ce
in
er
r
o
r
v
o
lta
g
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
I
mp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
a
n
d
s
tu
d
y
o
f f
u
z
z
y
b
a
s
ed
K
Y b
o
o
s
t c
o
n
ve
r
ter
…
(
Ja
lla
Up
en
d
a
r
)
101
T
ab
le
1
.
R
u
le
b
ase
f
o
r
f
u
zz
y
l
o
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
ER
R
O
R
V
O
LTA
G
E
CE
NH
NM
NL
ZO
PL
PM
PH
PH
ZO
PL
PM
PH
PH
PH
PH
PM
NL
ZO
PL
PM
PH
PH
PH
PL
NM
NL
ZO
PL
PM
PH
PH
ZO
NH
NM
NL
ZO
PL
PM
PH
NL
NH
NH
NM
NL
ZO
PL
PM
NM
NH
NH
NH
NM
NL
ZO
PL
NH
NH
NH
NH
NH
NM
NL
ZO
6.
M
AT
L
A
B
/S
I
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
SU
L
T
S
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
el
u
p
to
th
e
r
ec
tifie
r
u
n
it f
o
r
all
th
e
f
o
u
r
m
o
d
els is
s
am
e.
T
h
e
r
ec
tifie
r
is
g
en
er
ati
n
g
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
1
6
7
V.
T
h
e
MA
T
L
AB
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
th
is
m
o
d
el
f
r
o
m
AC
s
o
u
r
ce
to
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
r
ec
tifie
r
is
as
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
an
d
o
u
t
p
u
t v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
r
ec
tifie
r
is
as sh
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
AC
s
o
u
r
ce
to
o
u
tp
u
t o
f
r
ec
tifie
r
is
(
a)
MA
T
L
A
B
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
t
em
an
d
(
b
)
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
r
ec
tifie
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
2
0
2
2
:
9
8
-
1
0
8
102
6
.
1
.
B
uck
bo
o
s
t
c
o
nv
er
t
er
wi
t
h P
I
co
ntr
o
ller
Ou
tp
u
t
o
f
“T
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
th
y
r
is
to
r
b
r
id
g
e
r
ec
tifie
r
”
was
s
u
p
p
l
ied
to
s
ev
en
b
u
ck
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
wh
ich
is
p
lace
d
in
p
ar
allel
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
AC
-
DC
r
ec
tifie
r
.
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
B
u
ck
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
eter
co
n
n
e
cted
to
b
atter
y
with
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
in
teg
r
al
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
a)
.
T
h
ese
s
ev
en
b
u
ck
-
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
ad
ju
s
t
th
e
D
C
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
to
f
ee
d
th
e
s
ev
e
n
E
V
b
atter
ies.
T
h
e
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
u
s
ed
is
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
f
o
r
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
r
ec
tifie
r
b
r
id
g
e
r
ec
tifie
r
s
f
o
r
f
ir
in
g
an
g
le
α
=
30
0
is
m
ain
tai
n
ed
at
ap
p
r
o
x
im
at
ely
at
a
c
o
n
s
tan
t
v
alu
e
o
f
1
6
7
.
1
V.
T
h
is
1
6
7
.
1
V
th
is
1
6
7
.
1
V
is
u
tili
ze
d
b
y
s
ev
en
b
u
ck
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
T
h
ese
b
u
ck
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
o
p
er
ate
in
clo
s
ed
l
o
o
p
.
T
h
at
is
th
e
l
o
ad
v
o
ltag
e
is
s
u
b
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
v
o
ltag
e
wh
ich
is
s
et
to
3
5
0
V.
T
h
e
er
r
o
r
s
ig
n
a
l
is
th
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
b
etwe
en
s
e
t
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
is
g
iv
en
to
PI
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
.
T
h
e
d
u
ty
r
atio
is
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
“PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
“is
g
iv
en
t
o
PW
M
g
en
er
ato
r
.
T
h
e
SOC
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
,
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e,
o
u
tp
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
b
atter
y
wh
ile
ch
a
r
g
i
n
g
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
b
)
.
T
h
e
r
ec
tifie
r
an
d
th
e
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
ar
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ic
cir
cu
its
,
s
o
cu
r
r
en
t
h
ar
m
o
n
ics ar
e
i
n
d
u
ce
d
in
AC
s
id
e.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t T
HD
at
1
1
KV
lin
e
is
2
6
.
4
9
% is
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
c)
.
6
.
2
.
K
Y
bo
o
s
t
co
nv
et
re
r
wit
h
P
I
co
ntr
o
ller
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
“th
r
ee
p
h
ase
t
h
y
r
is
to
r
b
r
id
g
e
r
ec
tifie
r
s
”
wa
s
g
iv
en
t
o
s
ev
en
KY
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
wh
ich
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
te
d
in
p
ar
a
llel.
On
e
o
f
th
e
KY
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
eter
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
b
atter
y
with
Pro
p
o
r
tio
n
al
in
teg
r
al
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a)
.
T
h
es
e
s
ev
en
KY
B
o
o
s
t c
o
n
v
er
ter
s
ad
ju
s
t th
e
D
C
o
u
t p
u
t v
o
ltag
e
to
f
ee
d
th
e
s
ev
e
n
E
V
b
atter
ies.
T
h
e
SOC
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
,
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e,
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
B
atter
y
wh
ile
ch
ar
g
in
g
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
.
T
h
e
r
ec
tifie
r
a
n
d
th
e
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
te
r
ar
e
non
-
lin
ea
r
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ic
cir
cu
its
,
s
o
cu
r
r
en
t h
ar
m
o
n
ics
ar
e
i
n
d
u
ce
d
in
AC
s
id
e.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
T
HD
at
1
1
KV
lin
e
is
1
7
.
4
3
%
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
c)
.
6
.
3
.
B
uck
bo
o
s
t
c
o
nv
er
t
er
co
ntr
o
lled wit
h
f
uzzy
lo
g
ic
co
ntr
o
ller
Ou
tp
u
t
DC
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
“T
h
r
e
e
-
p
h
ase
th
y
r
is
to
r
b
r
id
g
e
r
ec
ti
f
ier
”
was
g
iv
en
to
s
ev
en
b
u
ck
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
wh
ich
a
r
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
p
ar
allel.
On
e
o
f
th
e
B
u
c
k
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
eter
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
b
atter
y
with
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
7
(
a)
.
T
h
ese
s
ev
en
b
u
ck
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ad
ju
s
t
th
e
DC
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
to
f
ee
d
th
e
s
ev
en
E
V
b
atter
ies.
T
h
e
b
u
c
k
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
tr
o
lled
with
“f
u
zz
y
-
lo
g
ic
-
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
”.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
f
o
r
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
r
ec
tifie
r
b
r
id
g
e
r
ec
tifie
r
s
f
o
r
f
ir
in
g
a
n
g
le
α
=
30°
is
m
ain
tain
ed
at
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
at
a
co
n
s
tan
t v
alu
e
o
f
1
6
6
.
9
V.
T
h
is
1
6
6
.
9
V
is
u
tili
ze
d
b
y
s
ev
e
n
b
u
ck
b
o
o
s
t
c
o
n
v
er
ter
s
.
T
h
ese
b
u
ck
b
o
o
s
t
c
o
n
v
er
ter
s
o
p
er
ate
in
clo
s
ed
-
lo
o
p
th
at
is
th
e
o
u
t
-
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
is
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
s
et
v
o
ltag
e
wh
ich
is
s
et
to
3
5
0
V.
T
h
e
er
r
o
r
s
ig
n
al
g
en
er
ated
,
th
at
is
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
s
et
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
is
f
ed
to
“Fu
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
”
an
d
also
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
in
er
r
o
r
was
also
g
i
v
en
as
in
-
p
u
t
to
“f
u
zz
y
-
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
”.
Du
ty
r
atio
is
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
tili
zin
g
th
e
r
u
le
b
a
s
e,
f
o
r
wh
ich
s
witch
h
as
to
b
e
o
p
er
ated
to
m
a
k
e
e
r
r
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
eq
u
al
to
ze
r
o
.
T
h
e
d
u
ty
r
atio
f
r
o
m
Fu
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
o
u
t
-
p
u
t
is
g
iv
en
to
d
r
iv
e
“p
u
ls
e
wid
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
g
en
er
ater
”.
T
h
e
p
u
ls
es
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
d
r
i
v
e
th
e
s
witch
es
to
co
n
tr
o
l
t
h
e
lo
a
d
v
o
ltag
e.
So
,
r
esu
lt
b
atter
y
s
tar
ts
ch
ar
g
in
g
.
T
h
e
SOC
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
,
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e,
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
e
n
t
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
b
atter
y
wh
ile
ch
a
r
g
i
n
g
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
.
T
h
e
r
ec
tifie
r
an
d
th
e
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
ar
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ic
cir
cu
its
,
s
o
cu
r
r
en
t
h
ar
m
o
n
ics ar
e
i
n
d
u
ce
d
in
AC
s
id
e.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t T
HD
at
1
1
K
V
lin
e
is
2
2
.
0
0
% is
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
c)
.
6
.
4
.
K
Y
bo
o
s
t
co
nv
er
t
er
c
o
nt
ro
lled
wit
h f
uzzy
lo
g
ic
co
ntr
o
ller
T
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
“th
r
e
e
p
h
ase
th
y
r
is
to
r
b
r
id
g
e
r
ec
t
if
ier
s
”
was
g
iv
en
to
s
ev
en
KY
B
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
w
h
ich
a
r
e
c
o
n
n
ec
t
ed
in
p
ar
allel.
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
KY
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
eter
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
to
b
atter
y
with
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
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RE
F
E
R
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NC
E
S
[
1
]
W
.
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.
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3
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4
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R
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b
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5
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K
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