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Appl
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Vo
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,
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.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
201
8
,
p
p
.
2
11
~
2
2
6
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
DOI
:
1
0
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1
1
5
9
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Desig
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T
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tran
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m
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s
in
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ly
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(
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iate
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iate
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it
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ss
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w
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i
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t,
siz
e
a
n
d
c
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c
tu
a
ll
y
,
tran
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
le
ss
in
v
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rters
d
o
n
'
t
p
re
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n
t
a
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y
se
p
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o
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d
a
re
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sc
rib
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d
b
y
m
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ima
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siz
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,
b
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g
d
o
w
n
c
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st
a
n
d
h
ig
h
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r
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
(o
v
e
r
2
%
h
ig
h
e
r).
In
a
n
y
c
a
se
,
th
e
a
b
se
n
c
e
o
f
tran
sf
o
rm
e
rs
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p
ts
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a
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th
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ti
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tran
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m
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ti
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f
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w
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u
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rig
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it
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p
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if
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t
T
ra
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v
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tag
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.
In
th
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p
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d
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u
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a
b
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t
a
n
d
b
r
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k
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d
o
w
n
.
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ey
w
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r
d
s
:
C
o
m
m
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-
Mo
d
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Vo
ltag
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(
C
MV
)
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r
a
m
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w
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k
P
h
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P
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2
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In
stit
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f
A
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n
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Al
l
rig
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se
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d
.
C
o
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r
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s
p
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nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
J
ay
a
n
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a
Ka
n
c
h
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k
er
e
,
Dep
ar
t
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en
t
o
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,
St.
P
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’
s
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
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C
o
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e,
H
y
d
er
ab
ad
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I
n
d
ia.
E
m
ail:
j
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y
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a
k
6
9
@
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m
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o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
o
d
ay
,
t
h
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v
itali
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y
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eq
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ex
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b
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q
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cr
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an
d
q
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l
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ev
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m
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f
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al.
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h
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t
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ltaic
(
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h
as
a
s
o
f
late
tu
r
n
ed
i
n
to
a
t
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p
ical
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t
h
u
s
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s
m
o
f
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esear
c
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s
i
n
ce
it
is
f
r
ee
,
g
r
ee
n
,
an
d
li
m
it
less
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
Mo
r
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v
er
,
P
V
f
r
am
e
w
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r
k
s
ar
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cu
r
r
en
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m
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ate
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ec
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s
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o
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g
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v
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n
m
e
n
t
m
o
tiv
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s
,
p
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o
g
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ess
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n
o
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in
ten
s
it
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ar
d
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a
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d
s
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m
ico
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co
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t le
s
s
e
n
in
g
i
n
P
V
m
o
d
u
les
[
3
]
,
[
4
]
.
B
y
a
n
d
lar
g
e,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
s
o
r
ts
o
f
m
atr
i
x
as
s
o
ciate
d
P
V
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
,
I
.
e.
,
th
o
s
e
w
i
th
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
an
d
w
i
th
o
u
t
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
u
t
ilized
ca
n
b
e
h
i
g
h
r
ec
u
r
r
en
ce
(
HF)
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s
f
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m
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th
e
d
c
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id
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o
r
lo
w
r
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u
r
r
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ce
tr
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s
f
o
r
m
er
o
n
th
e
air
co
n
d
itio
n
er
s
id
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[
5
]
.
Oth
er
th
a
n
v
e
n
t
u
r
in
g
u
p
th
e
v
o
lt
ag
e,
it
ass
u
m
e
s
an
i
m
p
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ativ
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p
ar
t
i
n
s
ec
u
r
it
y
r
ea
s
o
n
b
y
g
i
v
in
g
g
al
v
a
n
ic
d
etac
h
m
en
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a
n
d
i
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t
h
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s
w
a
y
tak
i
n
g
o
u
t
s
p
il
lag
e
cu
r
r
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n
t
an
d
ev
ad
i
n
g
d
c
c
u
r
r
en
t
in
f
u
s
io
n
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to
t
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lattice.
B
y
a
n
d
b
y
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t
h
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tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
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ar
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b
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o
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e,
s
u
b
s
ta
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tia
l,
a
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d
co
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.
De
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f
ac
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t
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at
cr
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w
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s
f
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P
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m
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w
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r
k
[
6
]
.
C
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s
eq
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e
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tl
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,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8792
IJ
A
P
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
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b
er
2
0
1
8
:
2
11
-
2
26
212
tr
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s
f
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Hig
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ter
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tical
f
ilter
in
d
u
cto
r
s
(
L
1
=L
2
)
ar
e
u
s
e
d
in
t i
s
P
ap
er
,
th
e
VE
C
M
i
s
eq
u
al
to
VC
M
(
6
)
Fro
m
th
e
m
o
d
el,
it
ca
n
b
e
p
r
esu
m
ed
th
at
t
h
e
s
p
il
lag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
n
ee
d
y
o
f
th
e
C
M
V.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
,
co
n
v
er
ter
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
an
d
th
e
b
ala
n
ce
s
tr
ateg
y
m
u
s
t
b
e
in
ten
d
ed
to
cr
ea
te
co
n
s
is
ten
t
C
MV
s
o
as
to
d
is
p
en
s
e
w
it
h
th
e
s
p
illag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t.
I
t
m
er
its
f
ea
t
u
r
in
g
th
at
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
c)
h
as
b
ee
n
g
en
er
all
y
u
ti
lized
f
o
r
p
o
r
tr
ay
i
n
g
t
h
e
b
asic
m
o
d
e
co
n
d
u
ct
o
f
t
h
e
cu
s
to
m
ar
y
f
u
ll
-
co
n
n
ec
t
(
H4
)
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
No
n
e
th
eles
s
,
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
e
all
in
cl
u
s
iv
e
s
tate
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
el,
clea
r
l
y
t
h
e
m
o
d
el
is
s
u
b
s
ta
n
tial
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
ex
a
m
i
n
ed
h
er
e,
asid
e
f
r
o
m
H4
.
I
n
ac
tu
alit
y
,
a
s
i
m
ilar
m
o
d
el
h
a
s
b
ee
n
u
tili
ze
d
to
in
v
esti
g
ate
t
h
e
r
eg
u
l
ar
m
o
d
e
co
n
d
u
ct
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
les
s
co
n
v
er
ter
to
p
o
lo
g
ies.
B
e
th
at
a
s
it
m
a
y
,
s
i
n
ce
v
ar
io
u
s
to
p
o
lo
g
y
h
a
s
d
iv
er
s
e
V
AN
an
d
VB
N,
th
e
ar
ticu
latio
n
s
f
o
r
VC
M
an
d
VDM
w
ill
co
n
tr
ast
f
r
o
m
ea
ch
o
th
er
,
c
o
m
m
o
n
-
m
o
d
e
b
eh
av
io
r
.
Hen
ce
,
to
ev
alu
ate
t
h
e
co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e.
C
o
n
d
u
ct
o
f
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
to
p
o
lo
g
y
,
V
A
N
an
d
VB
N
u
n
d
er
v
ar
io
u
s
ch
an
g
i
n
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
ass
es
s
ed
,
as
w
ill b
e
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
later
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Un
iv
er
s
al
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
less
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
2
.
1
.
G
a
lv
a
nic
is
o
la
t
io
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I
n
ch
an
g
ed
less
P
V
in
v
er
ter
s
,
th
e
g
al
v
an
ic
ass
o
ciatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
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P
V
an
d
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m
a
tr
ix
en
ab
le
s
s
p
illag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
to
s
tr
ea
m
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
in
to
p
o
lo
g
ies,
f
o
r
ex
a
m
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H5
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HE
R
I
C
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g
al
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r
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i
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r
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t.
T
h
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u
s
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n
tiall
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b
e
o
r
d
er
ed
in
to
d
c
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o
u
p
lin
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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:
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IJ
A
P
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Vo
l.
7
,
No
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3
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
2
11
-
2
26
214
an
d
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
d
ec
o
u
p
li
n
g
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
.
Fo
r
d
c
-
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
s
tr
ateg
y
,
d
c
-
s
id
e
s
tep
s
w
itc
h
es
ar
e
in
cl
u
d
ed
th
e
d
c
s
id
e
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
to
d
is
e
n
g
ag
e
th
e
P
V
cl
u
s
ter
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
atr
i
x
a
m
id
th
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
t
i
m
e
f
r
a
m
e.
I
n
a
n
y
ca
s
e,
th
e
d
c
-
s
id
estep
b
r
an
c
h
,
w
h
ic
h
co
m
p
r
i
s
es
o
f
s
w
itc
h
es
o
r
d
io
d
es,
is
in
co
r
p
o
r
ated
in
to
th
e
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
w
a
y
as
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
Fo
r
H6
,
y
ield
c
u
r
r
en
t
m
o
v
es
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
w
o
s
w
itc
h
es
an
d
th
e
t
w
o
d
c
-
s
id
estep
b
r
an
c
h
e
s
a
m
id
t
h
e
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e.
S
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
t
h
e
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
i
s
f
o
r
t
u
n
e
s
i
n
cr
e
m
e
n
t
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
ex
p
an
d
ed
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
e
m
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
s
in
t
h
e
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
w
a
y
.
T
h
en
ag
ai
n
,
s
id
estep
b
r
an
c
h
ca
n
li
k
e
w
i
s
e
b
e
g
iv
e
n
o
n
t
h
e
air
co
n
d
itio
n
er
s
i
d
e
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
(
i.e
.
,
air
co
n
d
itio
n
in
g
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
s
tr
ate
g
y
,
f
o
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
s
ee
n
in
HE
R
I
C
.
T
h
is
air
co
n
d
itio
n
er
s
id
estep
b
r
an
c
h
w
o
r
k
s
as
a
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
w
a
y
w
h
ich
is
t
o
tall
y
d
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
w
a
y
,
as
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
y
ield
cu
r
r
en
t
m
o
v
e
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
j
u
s
t
t
w
o
s
w
i
tch
e
s
a
m
id
th
e
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
t
i
m
e
f
r
a
m
e.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
,
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
u
tili
zi
n
g
air
co
n
d
itio
n
i
n
g
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
ar
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
to
b
e
h
i
g
h
er
in
e
f
f
e
ctiv
e
n
ess
w
h
en
co
n
tr
asted
w
i
th
d
c
-
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
to
p
o
lo
g
ies.
On
e
m
i
s
f
o
r
t
u
n
e
o
f
g
alv
a
n
ic
s
ec
l
u
s
io
n
i
s
t
h
at
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
ch
a
n
ce
to
g
et
o
f
c
o
n
tr
o
llin
g
t
h
e
C
MV
b
y
P
W
M
a
m
id
t
h
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
lin
g
ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e.
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
in
d
icate
s
ac
tiv
it
y
m
eth
o
d
s
o
f
g
al
v
an
ic
d
etac
h
m
en
t
w
h
ic
h
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Op
er
atio
n
m
o
d
e
s
o
f
Dc
-
d
ec
o
u
p
li
n
g
to
p
o
lo
g
y
(
a)
C
o
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
d
e
an
d
(
b
)
Fre
e
w
h
ee
li
n
g
m
o
d
e
Utilizes
d
c
-
d
ec
o
u
p
li
n
g
s
tr
ateg
y
.
A
s
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
(
an
)
,
a
m
id
t
h
e
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
t
i
m
e
f
r
a
m
e,
S1
an
d
S4
lead
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
t
h
e
co
v
eted
y
ield
v
o
ltag
e.
I
n
t
h
e
m
e
an
ti
m
e,
V
A
is
s
tr
ai
g
h
tf
o
r
w
ar
d
l
y
a
s
s
o
ciate
d
w
i
t
h
VDC
an
d
VB
is
as
s
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
t
h
e
n
e
g
ati
v
e
ter
m
in
al
(
N)
o
f
th
e
d
c
-
co
n
n
ec
t.
C
o
n
s
e
q
u
en
tl
y
,
th
e
C
M
V
p
r
o
g
r
ess
es to
w
ar
d
b
ec
o
m
i
n
g
.
(
7
)
A
ll
th
i
n
g
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
,
a
m
id
t
h
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e,
t
h
e
d
c
-
s
id
estep
s
w
itc
h
es
s
ep
ar
ate
th
e
d
c
-
in
ter
f
ac
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
a
tr
ix
.
Alo
n
g
t
h
ese
lin
e
s
,
p
o
in
t
An
a
n
d
p
o
in
t
B
ar
e
d
etac
h
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
c
-
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
,
a
n
d
VA
a
n
d
VB
ar
e
co
asti
n
g
as
f
o
r
th
e
d
c
-
in
ter
f
ac
e
as
ap
p
ea
r
e
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
b
)
.
T
h
e
C
MV
a
m
id
th
i
s
ti
m
ef
r
a
m
e
is
n
'
t
d
ictated
b
y
th
e
ex
c
h
a
n
g
i
n
g
s
tate,
h
o
w
e
v
er
r
ath
er
,
is
s
w
a
y
in
g
w
it
h
p
len
ti
f
u
l
n
ess
r
el
y
in
g
u
p
o
n
th
e
p
ar
asit
ic
p
ar
am
eter
s
an
d
th
e
s
w
itc
h
es
'
i
n
ter
s
ec
tio
n
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
s
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
in
g
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
T
h
u
s
,
s
p
illag
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
ca
n
in
a
n
y
ca
s
e
s
tr
ea
m
a
m
id
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
p
er
io
d
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
e
is
th
e
s
it
u
atio
n
f
o
r
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
u
tili
z
in
g
air
co
n
d
itio
n
i
n
g
d
ec
o
u
p
li
n
g
s
tr
ate
g
y
.
2
.
2
.
CM
V
cla
m
p
ing
As s
p
ec
i
f
ied
b
e
f
o
r
e,
C
MV
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l d
r
iv
er
s
f
o
r
s
p
illa
g
e
m
o
m
e
n
t
u
m
.
H5
a
n
d
HE
R
I
C
co
n
ce
n
tr
ate
j
u
s
t
o
n
g
iv
i
n
g
g
a
lv
an
ic
s
e
g
r
eg
a
tio
n
w
h
i
le
d
is
m
is
s
i
n
g
th
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
C
MV
.
No
t
at
al
l
li
k
e
o
r
d
in
ar
y
to
p
o
lo
g
ies,
th
e
C
M
V
in
t
h
ese
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
ca
n
'
t
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
P
W
M,
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
u
tili
za
t
io
n
o
f
g
al
v
an
ic
co
n
f
i
n
e
m
en
t
as
clar
i
f
ied
b
ef
o
r
eh
a
n
d
.
W
ith
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
en
d
g
o
al
to
cr
ea
te
s
tead
y
C
M
V
b
r
ac
in
g
b
r
an
ch
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
OH5
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
w
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
h
b
zv
r
-
d
to
p
o
lo
g
y
(
a)
C
o
n
v
er
te
r
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
(
b
)
S
w
it
c
h
in
g
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
A
P
E
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
Desig
n
a
n
d
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f Th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
Tr
a
n
s
fo
r
mer Les
s
Gri
d
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
.
.
.
(
Ja
ya
n
n
a
K
a
n
ch
i
ke
r
e
)
215
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HB
Z
VR
-
D
to
p
o
lo
g
y
(
a)
C
o
n
v
er
ter
s
tr
u
c
t
u
r
e
(
b
)
S
w
itc
h
i
n
g
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
ms
Fo
r
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
ar
t,
th
e
clasp
i
n
g
b
r
an
c
h
co
m
p
r
i
s
es
o
f
d
io
d
e
o
r
s
w
itc
h
es
an
d
a
ca
p
ac
ito
r
d
iv
id
er
w
h
ic
h
g
u
ar
a
n
tees
t
h
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
lin
g
w
a
y
is
c
lip
p
ed
to
th
e
h
al
f
o
f
th
e
i
n
f
o
v
o
ltag
e.
W
it
h
t
h
e
co
n
s
o
lid
ated
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
g
alv
a
n
ic
d
is
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
a
n
d
C
MV
clip
p
in
g
,
s
p
il
lag
e
cu
r
r
en
t
is
to
tall
y
o
v
er
laid
.
A
ll
t
h
i
n
g
s
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
,
b
o
th
H6
an
d
OH
5
u
tili
ze
s
d
c
-
d
ec
o
u
p
l
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e,
w
h
ich
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
s
b
r
i
n
g
d
o
w
n
p
r
o
f
icie
n
c
y
.
HB
Z
V
R
li
k
e
w
i
s
e
u
tili
ze
s
C
MV
cla
s
p
in
g
s
tr
ateg
y
h
o
w
e
v
er
it
is
d
i
s
co
v
er
ed
th
a
t
th
e
c
lip
p
in
g
b
r
an
ch
d
o
es
n
o
t
w
o
r
k
id
ea
ll
y
.
I
t
i
s
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
b
o
th
t
h
e
r
ec
r
ea
tio
n
a
n
d
tes
t
co
m
es
ab
o
u
t
t
h
at
th
e
C
MV
an
d
th
e
s
p
illa
g
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
i
n
HB
Z
V
R
ar
e
as
h
ig
h
as t
h
o
s
e
i
n
th
e
to
p
o
lo
g
ie
s
w
h
ic
h
u
til
ize
j
u
s
t g
a
lv
a
n
ic
s
e
p
ar
atio
n
.
3.
ACTI
VI
T
Y
P
RIN
CIPL
E
S
O
F
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
T
O
P
O
L
O
G
Y
3
.
1
.
Str
uct
ure
o
f
pro
po
s
ed
H
B
Z
VR
-
D
I
n
li
g
h
t
o
f
t
h
e
e
x
a
m
i
n
atio
n
o
v
er
,
a
s
tr
aig
h
t
f
o
r
w
ar
d
ch
a
n
g
e
d
HB
Z
V
R
-
D
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
co
n
s
o
lid
ate
th
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es
o
f
t
h
e
lo
w
-
m
is
f
o
r
t
u
n
e
air
co
n
d
it
io
n
i
n
g
d
e
co
u
p
lin
g
s
tr
ate
g
y
a
n
d
th
e
e
n
t
ir
e
s
p
illag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
d
is
p
o
s
al
o
f
th
e
C
M
V
cin
c
h
i
n
g
tech
n
iq
u
e.
HB
Z
VR
-
D
is
c
h
an
g
ed
b
y
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
a
q
u
ic
k
r
ec
u
p
er
atio
n
d
io
d
e,
D
6
,
to
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
HB
Z
V
R
as
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
(
a)
.
T
h
e
v
o
lt
ag
e
d
iv
id
er
i
s
co
m
p
r
is
ed
o
f
C
1
an
d
C
2
.
S1
-
S4
ar
e
f
o
r
f
u
ll
-
co
n
n
ec
t
in
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
co
u
n
ter
p
ar
allel
d
io
d
es,
D1
-
D4
,
an
d
in
ad
d
itio
n
S5
g
iv
e
a
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
w
a
y
to
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
to
s
tr
ea
m
a
m
id
th
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e.
Dio
d
es
D5
an
d
D6
f
o
r
m
th
e
b
r
ac
i
n
g
b
r
an
c
h
es
o
f
th
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
l
in
g
w
a
y
.
3
.
2
.
Act
iv
it
y
m
o
des
a
nd
a
na
ly
s
i
s
I
n
th
is
s
eg
m
e
n
t,
th
e
ac
ti
v
it
y
m
o
d
es
an
d
th
e
C
MV
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
i
s
ex
a
m
i
n
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
d
elin
ea
tes
th
e
ex
c
h
a
n
g
i
n
g
(
c)
Mo
d
e
3
-
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
d
e
a
n
d
(
d
)
Mo
d
e
4
-
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
m
o
d
e
am
id
n
e
g
ati
v
e
h
al
f
c
y
cle
P
atter
n
s
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HB
Z
VR
-
D.
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
Op
er
atio
n
Mo
d
es
o
f
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
H
B
Z
VR
-
D
T
o
p
o
lo
g
y
.
(
a)
Mo
d
e
1
-
C
o
n
d
u
ct
io
n
Mo
d
e
an
d
(
b
)
Mo
d
e
2
-
Fre
e
w
h
ee
li
n
g
Mo
d
e
d
u
r
in
g
P
o
s
itiv
e
Hal
f
C
y
cle
.
S
w
itc
h
esS
1
-
S4
co
m
m
u
tate
at
ch
an
g
i
n
g
r
ec
u
r
r
en
ce
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
u
n
ip
o
lar
y
ield
v
o
lta
g
e.
S5
co
m
m
u
ta
te
s
r
ec
ip
r
o
ca
lly
to
S1
-
S4
to
m
a
k
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
w
a
y
.
A
l
l
t
h
e
f
o
u
r
ac
ti
v
it
y
m
o
d
e
s
ar
e
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
T
o
cr
ea
te
u
n
ip
o
lar
y
ield
v
o
ltag
e.
I
n
m
o
d
e
1
,
S1
an
d
S4
ar
e
ON
w
h
ile
S2
,
S3
an
d
S5
ar
e
OFF.
C
u
r
r
en
t
in
cr
e
m
e
n
t
s
an
d
s
tr
ea
m
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
S1
an
d
S
4
.
VA
B
=+
VDC.
T
h
e
C
MV
m
o
v
es to
w
ar
d
b
ec
o
m
i
n
g
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2252
-
8792
IJ
A
P
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
2
11
-
2
26
216
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Op
er
atio
n
m
o
d
es o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HB
Z
VR
-
D
to
p
o
lo
g
y
(
a)
Mo
d
e
1
-
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
d
e
an
d
(
b
)
Mo
d
e
2
-
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
l
in
g
m
o
d
e
d
u
r
i
n
g
p
o
s
itiv
e
h
al
f
c
y
cle
(
8
)
I
n
m
o
d
e
2
,
S1
-
S4
ar
e
OF
F.S5
i
s
ON
to
m
ak
e
a
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
P
ath
.
C
u
r
r
en
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
s
a
n
d
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
l
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
io
d
esD3
,
an
d
t
h
e
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
V
AN
r
ed
u
ctio
n
s
a
n
d
VB
N
in
cr
e
m
en
ts
u
n
til
t
h
e
p
o
in
t
w
h
e
n
th
eir
q
u
alit
ies ac
h
iev
e
t
h
e
r
eg
u
lar
p
o
in
t,
VDC/
2
,
w
ith
t
h
e
en
d
g
o
al
th
at
V
A
B
=0
.
T
h
e
C
MV
i
s
.
(
9
)
I
n
m
o
d
e
3
,
S2
an
d
S3
ar
e
ON,
w
h
ile
S1
,
S4
an
d
S5
ar
e
OFF.
C
u
r
r
en
t
i
n
cr
ea
s
es
an
d
f
lo
w
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
S2
an
d
S3
.
VA
B
=
-
VD
C
.
T
h
e
C
MV
b
ec
o
m
e
s
(
1
0
)
I
n
m
o
d
e
4
,
S1
-
S4
ar
e
OFF.
S5
is
ON
to
m
ak
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
w
a
y
.
C
u
r
r
en
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
s
an
d
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
l
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
io
d
esD1
,
D4
,
an
d
th
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
V
AN
ab
ate
m
en
t
s
an
d
VB
N
i
n
cr
em
en
ts
u
n
t
il
th
e
p
o
in
t
th
at
th
eir
q
u
ali
ties
ac
h
ie
v
e
t
h
e
r
eg
u
lar
p
o
in
t,
VDC/
2
,
an
d
VA
B
=0
.
T
h
e
C
MV
is
as
in
f
er
r
ed
in
(
1
0
)
.
C
lear
ly
,
b
alan
ce
s
tr
ate
g
ies
ar
e
i
n
ten
d
ed
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
C
o
n
s
ta
n
t
C
M
V
in
ea
ch
o
f
t
h
e
f
o
u
r
ac
tiv
i
t
y
m
o
d
es.
A
ll
th
e
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
W
o
r
k
s
ar
e
o
u
tlin
e
d
in
v
ie
w
o
f
th
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
ab
o
v
e.
Fo
r
all
in
ten
ts
a
n
d
p
u
r
p
o
s
es,
VA
N
a
n
d
VB
N
d
o
n
'
t
ac
h
ie
v
e
r
e
g
u
lar
p
o
in
t
a
m
id
t
h
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
lin
g
ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e
(
m
o
d
e
2
a
n
d
m
o
d
e
4
)
.
I
t
is
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
tr
ial
co
m
es
ab
o
u
t
later
th
at
t
h
e
C
MV
is
n
't
co
n
s
is
ten
t
w
i
th
o
u
t
clasp
i
n
g
b
r
an
ch
.
Am
id
th
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
l
in
g
ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e,
b
o
t
h
V
A
N
a
n
d
VB
N
ar
e
n
o
t
b
r
ac
ed
to
VDC/
2
an
d
is
s
w
a
y
i
n
g
w
it
h
ab
u
n
d
an
ce
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
A
P
E
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
Desig
n
a
n
d
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f Th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
Tr
a
n
s
fo
r
mer Les
s
Gri
d
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
.
.
.
(
Ja
ya
n
n
a
K
a
n
ch
i
ke
r
e
)
217
r
el
y
in
g
u
p
o
n
t
h
e
p
ar
asit
ic
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
a
n
d
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
s
'
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
o
f
th
o
s
e
to
p
o
lo
g
ies.
T
h
e
en
h
an
ce
d
clasp
in
g
B
r
an
ch
o
f
HB
Z
V
R
-
D
g
u
ar
an
tees
th
e
en
tire
cin
ch
i
n
g
o
f
C
M
V
to
VDC
/2
a
m
id
t
h
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e.
I
t
is
v
er
y
m
u
c
h
n
o
tice
d
th
at
th
e
Ou
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
m
o
v
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
j
u
s
t
t
w
o
s
w
i
tch
e
s
i
n
ea
ch
co
n
d
u
ct
io
n
p
er
io
d
(
m
o
d
e
1
an
d
m
o
d
e
3
)
as
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a)
an
d
(
c)
.
T
h
is
clar
if
ies
wh
y
HB
Z
V
R
-
D
h
a
s
m
o
d
er
atel
y
h
ig
h
er
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
n
e
s
s
t
h
an
t
h
o
s
e
o
f
d
c
-
d
ec
o
u
p
li
n
g
to
p
o
lo
g
ies.
3
.
3
.
C
a
ct
iv
it
y
princip
les o
f
i
m
pr
o
v
ed
cla
m
pi
ng
bra
nch
Am
id
t
h
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e,
S5
is
tu
r
n
ed
ON,
i
n
ter
f
a
cin
g
P
o
in
t
An
an
d
B
.
Fre
e
w
h
e
elin
g
w
a
y
v
o
ltag
e
VFP
ca
n
b
e
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ized
as
VFP
=V
A
N≈
VB
N,
s
i
n
c
e
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
d
r
o
p
s
cr
o
s
s
w
i
s
e
o
v
er
d
io
d
es
an
d
S5
ar
e
litt
le
co
n
tr
asted
w
it
h
VD
C
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
tw
o
co
n
ce
iv
ab
le
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
task
(
m
o
d
e
2
an
d
m
o
d
e
4
as
ap
p
ea
r
e
d
in
F
ig
u
r
e
6
)
co
n
ti
n
g
e
n
t
u
p
o
n
w
h
et
h
er
D5
o
r
D6
is
f
o
r
w
a
r
d
o
n
e
-
s
id
ed
.
A
t
t
h
e
p
o
in
t
wh
en
VFP
is
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
m
i
n
en
t
T
h
an
VD
C
/2
,
D5
is
f
o
r
w
ar
d
o
n
e
-
s
id
ed
an
d
D6
is
tu
r
n
ed
ar
o
u
n
d
o
n
e
-
s
id
ed
.
C
u
r
r
en
t
s
tr
ea
m
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
w
a
y
to
th
e
m
id
p
o
in
t
o
f
th
e
d
c
-
co
n
n
ec
t
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
ci
n
ch
i
n
g
d
io
d
e
D5
,
as
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
,
w
h
ic
h
to
tall
y
clip
s
t
h
e
VFP
to
VDC/
2
.
On
alter
n
ate
h
an
d
s
,
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
VFP
is
n
o
t
as
m
u
c
h
as
V
DC
/2
,
D6
is
f
o
r
w
ar
d
o
n
e
-
s
id
ed
an
d
D5
is
s
w
i
tch
e
d
o
n
e
-
s
id
ed
.
A
s
ap
p
ea
r
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
d
)
,
cu
r
r
en
t
s
tr
ea
m
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
id
p
o
in
t
o
f
th
e
d
c
-
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
to
th
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
w
a
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
clasp
i
n
g
d
io
d
eD6
,
to
ex
p
an
d
th
e
V
FP
to
VD
C
/2
.
I
t
o
u
g
h
t
t
o
b
e
n
o
ticed
t
h
at
a
m
id
t
h
e
d
ea
d
ti
m
e
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
co
n
d
u
cti
o
n
ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e
a
n
d
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
l
in
g
p
er
io
d
,
th
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
w
a
y
i
s
n
't
all
ar
o
u
n
d
b
r
ac
ed
a
n
d
th
e
C
MV
ca
n
b
e
w
a
v
er
in
g
w
it
h
t
h
e
lattice
v
o
lta
g
e.
B
y
th
e
b
y
,
w
i
t
h
le
g
iti
m
ate
d
eter
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
d
ea
d
ti
m
e,
t
h
is
i
m
p
ac
t
ca
n
b
e
li
m
ited
.
I
n
HB
Z
VR
,
th
e
b
r
ac
in
g
b
r
an
ch
co
m
p
r
is
e
s
o
f
D5
as
it
w
er
e.
I
n
th
i
s
m
an
n
er
,
th
e
b
r
ac
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
w
a
y
is
r
estrict
ed
j
u
s
t
f
o
r
th
e
p
er
io
d
w
h
e
n
VFP
is
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
V
D
C
/2
.
At
th
e
p
o
in
t
w
h
e
n
VFP
is
n
o
t
as
m
u
ch
a
s
VDC/
2
,
th
e
c
in
c
h
i
n
g
b
r
an
c
h
d
o
es
n
o
t
w
o
r
k
o
n
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
th
at
D5
is
t
u
r
n
in
g
ar
o
u
n
d
o
n
e
-
s
id
ed
.
Am
id
s
u
c
h
co
n
d
itio
n
,
t
h
e
C
M
V
i
n
HB
Z
V
R
w
ill
s
w
a
y
,
ca
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
s
tr
ea
m
o
f
s
p
illa
g
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t.
T
h
is
m
i
s
h
ap
is
r
ed
r
ess
ed
b
y
in
cl
u
d
in
g
a
q
u
ic
k
r
ec
u
p
er
atio
n
d
io
d
eD6
in
th
e
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
HB
Z
VR
-
D
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
W
ith
b
o
th
D5
an
d
D6
,
th
e
en
h
a
n
ce
d
b
r
ac
in
g
b
r
an
c
h
e
n
s
u
r
es
th
e
to
tal
clip
p
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
C
MV
to
VD
C
/2
all
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
f
r
ee
w
h
ee
li
n
g
ti
m
e
f
r
a
m
e.
T
h
u
s
,
s
p
illa
g
e
cu
r
r
en
t,
w
h
ic
h
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
s
u
b
j
ec
t to
C
MV
,
is
to
tall
y
d
i
s
p
o
s
ed
o
f
f
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
M
o
d
e
2
an
d
M
o
d
e
4
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
less
P
V
in
v
er
ter
s
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I
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8792
IJ
A
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l.
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em
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er
2
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8
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26
218
4.
M
AT
L
AB
/SI
M
UL
AT
I
O
N
R
E
SU
L
T
S
Fig
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
w
s
Ma
t
lab
/Si
m
u
l
atio
n
m
o
d
el
o
f
H5
t
o
p
o
lo
g
y
.
F
ig
u
r
e
9
s
h
o
w
s
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
l
ts
o
f
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
en
t,
lea
k
ag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t,
V
A
N
,
V
C
M
,
VB
N
o
f
H
5
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
8.
Ma
tlab
/
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
m
o
d
el
o
f
H5
to
p
o
lo
g
y
Fig
u
r
e
9.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
l
ts
o
f
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
cu
r
r
en
t
,
Le
a
k
ag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t,
V
A
N
,
V
C
M,
V
B
N
o
f
H5
to
p
o
lo
gy
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
A
P
E
I
SS
N:
2252
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8792
Desig
n
a
n
d
A
n
a
lysi
s
o
f Th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
Tr
a
n
s
fo
r
mer Les
s
Gri
d
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
.
.
.
(
Ja
ya
n
n
a
K
a
n
ch
i
ke
r
e
)
219
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
s
h
o
w
s
Ma
tlab
/Si
m
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
o
f
HE
R
I
C
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
s
h
o
w
s
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
r
es
u
lts
o
f
g
r
id
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t,
leak
ag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
,
V
A
N
,
V
C
M,
V
B
N
o
f
HE
R
I
C
co
n
v
er
ter
.
Fig
u
r
e
10.
Ma
tlab
/
s
i
m
u
latio
n
m
o
d
e
l o
f
HE
R
I
C
to
p
o
lo
g
y
Fig
u
r
e
11.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
o
f
g
r
id
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
,
L
e
ak
ag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t,
V
A
N
,
V
C
M,
V
B
N
o
f
HE
R
I
C
co
n
v
er
te
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
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8792
IJ
A
P
E
Vo
l.
7
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
2
11
-
2
26
220
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
s
h
o
w
s
Ma
tlab
/s
i
m
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
o
f
OH5
t
o
p
o
lo
g
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
s
h
o
w
s
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
r
esu
lt
s
f
o
r
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
lta
g
e,
g
r
id
c
u
r
r
en
t,
le
ak
ag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t,
V
A
N
,
co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
VB
N
OH5
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
Fig
u
r
e
12.
Ma
tlab
/s
i
m
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
o
f
OH5
to
p
o
lo
g
y
Fig
u
r
e
13.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
f
o
r
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
ltag
e
,
g
r
id
cu
r
r
en
t,
leak
ag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t,
V
A
N
,
co
m
m
o
n
m
o
d
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
VB
N
OH5
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.