I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Appl
ied P
o
w
er
E
ng
ineering
(
I
J
AP
E
)
Vo
l.
3
,
No
.
2
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
4
,
p
p
.
75
~
81
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
75
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ia
e
s
jo
u
r
n
a
l.c
o
m/o
n
lin
e/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/I
J
APE
I
m
ple
m
e
ntatio
n o
f
H
y
br
id
G
enera
t
io
n P
o
w
er Sys
te
m
in
Pak
is
tan
Q
a
zi
Wa
qa
r
Ali
,
M
uh
a
m
m
a
d Aa
m
ir,
Arsha
d Na
w
a
z,
Z
a
ki Udin
,
S
ha
hid
Ul
la
h
S
a
rh
a
d
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
&
I
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
P
e
sh
a
w
a
r
P
a
k
istan
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Ma
r
2
,
2
0
1
4
R
ev
i
s
ed
J
u
l
1
0
,
2
0
1
4
A
cc
ep
ted
J
u
l
2
3
,
2
0
1
4
A
so
lar
-
w
in
d
h
y
b
rid
p
o
w
e
r
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
p
re
se
n
ted
h
e
re
.
T
h
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
b
a
se
d
sy
ste
m
il
lu
stra
ted
in
th
is
p
a
p
e
r
is
d
e
sig
n
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
b
a
sis
o
f
th
e
so
lar
a
n
d
w
in
d
d
a
ta
f
o
r
P
a
k
istan
.
T
h
e
p
o
w
e
r
g
e
n
e
r
a
ted
b
y
th
e
s
y
ste
m
is
in
ten
d
e
d
f
o
r
d
o
m
e
stic
u
se
.
T
h
e
m
o
st
c
o
m
m
o
n
so
u
rc
e
o
f
u
n
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
p
o
w
e
r
in
h
o
m
e
s
is
b
a
tt
e
r
y
b
a
se
d
UP
S
(Un
in
terru
p
ted
p
o
w
e
r
su
p
p
l
y
)
in
v
e
rter.
T
h
e
UP
S
in
v
e
rter
c
h
a
rg
e
s
th
e
b
a
tt
e
r
y
w
it
h
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
g
rid
p
o
w
e
r.
T
h
is
s
y
ste
m
w
il
l
c
h
a
r
g
e
th
e
b
a
tt
e
r
y
o
f
UP
S
in
v
e
rter
b
y
u
sin
g
o
n
ly
w
in
d
a
n
d
s
o
lar
p
o
w
e
r,
w
h
ich
w
il
l
m
a
k
e
th
e
s
y
s
tem
c
o
st
e
ff
e
c
ti
v
e
a
n
d
m
o
re
r
e
li
a
b
le.
T
h
e
re
a
so
n
f
o
r
u
si
n
g
b
o
th
so
lar
a
n
d
w
in
d
is
t
h
a
t
re
c
e
n
t
st
u
d
ies
h
a
v
e
p
ro
v
e
n
t
h
a
t
c
o
m
b
in
e
d
sy
ste
m
c
a
n
b
e
m
o
re
p
ro
d
u
c
ti
v
e
a
n
d
c
o
n
siste
n
t
a
n
d
o
th
e
r
th
in
g
is
th
a
t
n
e
it
h
e
r
o
f
th
e
m
c
a
n
b
e
u
se
d
f
o
r
c
o
n
t
in
u
o
u
s
p
o
w
e
r
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
.
In
t
h
e
s
y
ste
m
il
lu
stra
ted
in
th
is
p
a
p
e
r
th
e
so
lar
-
w
in
d
sy
ste
m
p
ro
v
id
e
s
p
o
w
e
r
p
e
rio
d
ica
ll
y
w
h
ich
is
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
d
b
y
e
l
e
c
tro
n
ic
m
e
th
o
d
s
a
n
d
a
m
icro
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
is
u
se
d
to
m
o
n
it
o
r
th
e
p
o
w
e
r
f
ro
m
b
o
th
th
e
in
p
u
ts.
T
h
e
s
w
it
c
h
in
g
a
c
ti
o
n
is
p
ro
v
id
e
d
f
ro
m
th
e
m
icro
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
to
th
e
b
a
tt
e
ry
c
h
a
rg
in
g
b
a
se
d
o
n
th
e
p
o
w
e
r
re
c
e
iv
e
d
f
ro
m
so
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
p
a
n
e
l
a
n
d
w
in
d
g
e
n
e
ra
to
rs.
In
t
h
i
s
p
a
p
e
r,
a
n
e
ff
ici
e
n
t
s
y
ste
m
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
p
re
se
n
ted
c
o
m
p
risin
g
o
f
so
lar
p
a
n
e
l,
w
in
d
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r,
c
h
a
rg
e
c
o
n
t
ro
ll
e
r
a
n
d
c
h
a
rg
e
sto
ra
g
e
u
n
it
(b
a
tt
e
ry
).
S
o
lar
p
a
n
e
l
is
se
lec
ted
a
s
th
e
m
a
in
in
p
u
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
w
in
d
re
so
u
rc
e
w
il
l
b
e
u
se
d
o
n
ly
in
th
e
a
b
se
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
so
lar p
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
(P
V
)
o
u
tp
u
t.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
:
Gr
id
H
y
b
r
id
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
UP
S
Co
p
y
rig
h
t
©
2
0
1
4
In
stit
u
te o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Qaz
i W
aq
ar
A
li
,
Sar
h
ad
Un
i
v
er
s
it
y
o
f
Scien
ce
&
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
P
esh
a
w
ar
P
ak
is
ta
n
,
E
m
ail:
e
n
g
r
_
q
az
i@
y
a
h
o
o
.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
I
n
th
e
r
ec
en
t
t
i
m
e
s
t
h
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
h
a
s
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
g
l
o
b
ally
.
T
h
e
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
h
as
n
o
w
b
ec
o
m
e
t
h
e
b
ase
f
o
r
al
m
o
s
t
ev
er
y
th
i
n
g
.
T
h
is
h
as
m
ad
e
u
s
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
o
u
r
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
w
h
ic
h
i
n
tu
r
n
h
a
s
p
u
t
ex
tr
a
p
r
ess
u
r
e
o
n
o
u
r
n
o
n
-
r
en
e
w
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
T
h
e
o
th
er
w
a
y
i
s
to
g
en
er
ate
en
er
g
y
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
r
en
e
w
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
o
f
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
r
en
ew
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
li
k
e
h
y
d
r
o
p
o
w
er
ar
e
b
ein
g
u
tili
ze
d
to
g
en
er
ate
p
o
w
er
b
u
t
t
h
ese
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
tak
e
y
ea
r
s
to
co
m
p
let
e
an
d
th
er
e
ar
e
l
o
ts
o
f
o
th
er
f
ac
to
r
s
in
v
o
lv
ed
w
h
ich
d
is
co
u
r
a
g
es
th
e
s
e
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
.
T
h
e
m
o
r
e
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
m
o
f
r
en
e
w
ab
le
e
n
er
g
y
i
n
t
h
e
m
o
d
er
n
er
a
is
t
h
e
s
o
lar
e
n
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
ca
n
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
i
n
m
a
n
y
w
a
y
s
.
T
h
e
t
w
o
o
f
th
e
m
o
s
t b
as
ic
u
s
es o
f
s
u
n
lig
h
t to
m
a
k
e
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
ar
e:
So
lar
P
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic.
So
lar
T
h
er
m
al.
So
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
is
a
s
y
s
te
m
to
co
n
v
er
t
lig
h
t
en
er
g
y
(
p
h
o
t
o
n
s
)
in
to
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
.
So
lar
th
er
m
al
m
ea
n
s
to
u
s
e
th
e
h
ea
t
e
n
er
g
y
o
f
th
e
s
u
n
to
g
e
n
er
ate
elec
tr
ic
al
en
er
g
y
t
h
er
m
all
y
.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
w
ater
h
ea
ter
s
an
d
s
tea
m
b
ased
s
o
lar
t
u
r
b
in
e
ar
e
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
h
er
e
s
o
lar
t
h
er
m
al
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
p
ap
er
p
r
esen
ted
h
er
e
is
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
i
c
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
h
a
s
g
i
v
e
n
u
s
th
e
c
h
an
ce
t
o
b
ec
o
m
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
r
o
f
ea
s
y
a
n
d
clea
n
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
s
y
s
te
m
s
ca
n
b
e
in
s
tal
l
ed
o
n
a
s
m
a
ll
h
o
u
s
e
o
r
a
b
ig
in
d
u
s
tr
y
.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
p
an
el
u
s
es
t
h
e
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
to
g
e
n
er
ate
e
lectr
ical
e
n
er
g
y
.
A
s
o
lar
p
an
e
l
u
s
e
s
e
n
er
g
y
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
cid
en
t p
h
o
to
n
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8792
IJ
A
P
E
Vo
l.
3
,
No
.
2
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
4
:
75
–
81
76
o
n
its
s
u
r
f
ac
e
to
g
en
er
ate
ele
ctr
ical
ch
ar
g
e.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
p
an
e
l
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
s
m
a
ll
s
ilico
n
ce
lls
.
T
h
e
ce
ll
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
f
o
r
a
s
in
g
le
ce
ll
is
o
f
t
h
e
o
r
d
er
o
f
0
.
7
V
(
u
n
d
er
o
p
en
cir
cu
ited
co
n
d
itio
n
s
)
w
h
ich
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
f
o
r
p
o
w
er
g
e
n
er
atio
n
.
T
h
ese
ce
ll
s
ar
e
p
lace
d
i
n
s
er
ies
-
p
ar
allel
co
m
b
in
a
tio
n
s
to
g
et
u
s
ab
le
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
o
th
er
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
r
eso
u
r
ce
is
th
e
w
i
n
d
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
w
in
d
e
n
er
g
y
i
s
u
t
ilized
b
y
co
n
v
er
tin
g
th
e
k
in
et
ic
en
er
g
y
o
f
w
i
n
d
i
n
to
r
o
tatio
n
al
m
o
ti
o
n
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
a
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
in
e.
T
h
is
r
o
tatio
n
al
m
o
tio
n
i
s
co
n
v
er
ted
i
n
to
u
s
ab
le
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
.
Fo
r
th
is
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
a
w
i
n
d
g
en
er
ato
r
h
as
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
w
h
ic
h
co
n
tain
s
a
win
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
a
n
d
an
alter
n
ato
r
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
it
h
o
n
l
y
s
o
lar
o
r
w
i
n
d
g
e
n
er
atio
n
a
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
b
u
t
th
er
e
ar
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
li
n
k
ed
w
it
h
b
o
th
o
f
t
h
e
m
.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
p
o
w
er
is
n
o
t
a
v
ailab
le
f
o
r
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
an
d
w
i
n
d
is
n
o
t
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
all
t
h
e
t
i
m
e.
So
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
tai
n
i
n
g
s
o
la
r
an
d
w
i
n
d
h
a
s
b
ee
n
d
esi
g
n
ed
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
e
s
e
s
h
o
r
tco
m
i
n
g
s
.
A
s
y
s
te
m
h
a
s
b
ee
n
d
esig
n
ed
in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
wh
ich
u
ti
lizes
b
o
th
s
o
lar
a
n
d
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
er
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
R
ec
en
t
r
esear
c
h
es
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
r
en
e
w
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
t
h
e
s
o
lar
an
d
w
i
n
d
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
w
o
r
k
w
it
h
in
cr
ea
s
ed
o
u
tp
u
ts
a
n
d
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
p
r
ac
ticalit
y
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
i
s
s
y
s
te
m
h
as
b
ee
n
s
h
o
w
n
b
elo
w
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
k
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
lar
w
i
n
d
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
2.
O
B
JE
C
T
IVE
S
T
h
e
r
is
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
p
o
llu
tio
n
,
li
m
ited
f
o
s
s
il
f
u
el
s
an
d
n
atu
r
al
g
a
s
r
eser
v
es
an
d
th
e
u
n
f
r
ie
n
d
lin
e
s
s
o
f
t
h
eir
u
s
e
f
o
r
elec
tr
ic
p
o
w
er
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
is
r
esu
lti
n
g
i
n
g
r
o
w
i
n
g
i
n
ter
est
s
in
t
h
e
u
tili
za
t
io
n
o
f
r
en
e
w
ab
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ci
n
g
e
lectr
ical
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
e
m
er
g
in
g
g
r
ee
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
lik
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
an
d
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
g
en
er
ato
r
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
is
cr
ea
tin
g
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
it
ies
f
o
r
g
en
er
ati
n
g
elec
tr
ic
p
o
w
er
i
n
a
n
h
ar
m
le
s
s
m
an
n
er
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t t
h
e
w
o
r
ld
.
E
s
ti
m
a
tes
b
y
th
e
W
o
r
ld
B
an
k
clai
m
t
h
at
as
m
u
c
h
as
4
0
p
er
ce
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
w
o
r
ld
p
o
p
u
latio
n
s
t
i
ll
liv
e
s
i
n
v
illa
g
es
a
n
d
r
u
r
al
ar
ea
s
ar
e
n
o
t
tied
to
u
tili
t
y
g
r
id
s
.
A
m
o
r
e
f
ea
s
ib
le
w
a
y
o
f
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
elec
t
r
icit
y
to
s
u
c
h
r
u
r
a
l
ar
ias
is
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
n
e
w
r
e
n
e
w
ab
le
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
r
at
h
er
i
n
v
esti
n
g
i
n
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
i
n
f
r
as
tr
u
ctu
r
e
to
co
n
n
ec
t
th
e
m
to
th
e
m
ai
n
u
t
ilit
y
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
s
.
Fo
r
th
e
v
illa
g
es
f
ar
th
er
th
an
3
KM
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
n
ea
r
e
s
t
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
li
n
e,
it
is
u
s
u
all
y
ec
o
n
o
m
icall
y
m
o
r
e
co
n
v
e
n
ien
t to
u
s
e
a
h
y
b
r
id
b
ased
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
So
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
an
d
w
i
n
d
s
p
e
ed
ar
e
h
av
i
n
g
co
m
p
le
m
en
tar
y
p
r
o
f
il
es
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
u
n
p
r
ed
ictab
le
an
d
r
an
d
o
m
l
y
b
eh
a
v
i
n
g
r
en
e
w
ab
l
e
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Sta
n
d
alo
n
e
h
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
u
all
y
tak
e
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
o
f
t
h
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ics
co
m
b
in
g
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
p
an
e
l
an
d
w
i
n
d
m
ill
s
i
n
co
n
j
u
n
c
tio
n
with
a
d
iese
l
p
o
w
er
b
ac
k
u
p
g
e
n
er
ato
r
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
d
iesel
g
e
n
er
ato
r
d
em
a
n
d
s
f
u
el
s
u
p
p
l
y
t
h
e
n
th
e
ir
u
s
e
i
n
is
o
lated
as
ca
n
b
e
tr
o
u
b
leso
m
e
a
n
d
,
in
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
w
ith
r
e
n
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
,
u
n
ec
o
n
o
m
ical.
I
n
s
o
m
e
a
p
p
licatio
n
th
e
y
ca
n
b
e
av
o
id
ed
b
y
in
c
lu
d
i
n
g
i
n
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
ad
eq
u
ate
en
er
g
y
d
ev
ices
li
k
e
b
at
ter
y
b
an
k
.
Si
n
ce
s
to
r
ag
e
co
s
t
in
all
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
m
aj
o
r
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
r
estra
in
t,
u
s
u
all
y
P
V
an
d
w
in
d
s
y
s
te
m
s
ar
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iately
s
i
ze
d
to
m
in
i
m
ize
it
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
So
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
er
is
lo
w
er
in
co
s
t
th
a
n
P
V
p
o
w
er
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
a
tel
y
b
y
a
f
ac
to
r
o
f
f
i
v
e,
s
o
it
o
f
te
n
g
ets
t
h
e
m
ain
r
o
le
in
g
e
n
er
atio
n
.
3.
R
E
Q
U
IRE
MEN
T
O
F
A
L
T
E
R
N
A
T
E
S OF
E
N
E
R
G
Y
A
N
D
ITS
SC
O
P
E
IN
PA
K
IST
A
N
Du
e
to
t
h
e
ad
v
an
ce
m
e
n
t
i
n
elec
tr
o
n
ics
al
m
o
s
t
ev
er
y
ap
p
lian
ce
t
h
at
w
e
u
s
e
n
o
w
i
s
r
u
n
n
i
n
g
o
n
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
o
f
th
e
I
E
A
(
I
n
ter
n
a
tio
n
al
E
n
er
g
y
Ag
en
c
y
)
th
e
n
at
u
r
al
s
o
u
r
ce
s
(
W
ater
,
Natu
r
al
Gas)
o
f
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
t
h
at
ar
e
u
s
ed
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
f
o
r
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
w
ill
b
e
ab
le
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
en
er
g
y
till
2
0
3
0
-
3
5
.
R
ea
ctin
g
o
n
t
h
ese
f
ac
ts
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
I
E
A
m
an
y
c
o
u
n
tr
ies
ar
e
tak
in
g
s
tep
s
to
g
et
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
e
n
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
o
t
h
er
n
at
u
r
al
s
o
u
r
ce
s
f
o
r
th
eir
f
u
t
u
r
e
u
s
e.
R
ea
lizin
g
t
h
i
s
p
r
o
b
lem
P
ak
i
s
ta
n
is
also
ta
k
i
n
g
s
tep
s
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
o
th
er
s
o
u
r
ce
s
an
d
th
e
m
ai
n
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
is
o
n
W
in
d
an
d
So
lar
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies.
P
ak
is
ta
n
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
h
a
s
a
g
o
al
o
f
g
etti
n
g
at
least
7
%
o
f
t
h
e
to
tal
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
ese
t
w
o
s
o
u
r
ce
s
b
y
y
ea
r
2
0
3
0
.
A
ch
iev
i
n
g
9
7
0
0
MW
f
r
o
m
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
is
p
lan
n
ed
b
y
y
ea
r
2
0
3
0
.
W
ith
t
h
is
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
A
P
E
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
I
mp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
o
f H
y
b
r
id
Gen
era
tio
n
P
o
w
er S
ystem
in
P
a
k
is
ta
n
(
Qa
z
i
W
a
q
a
r
A
li
)
77
w
il
l
b
e
ab
le
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
7
8
7
4
f
ar
-
f
l
u
n
g
d
is
ta
n
t
o
f
u
ti
lit
y
g
r
i
d
s
v
illag
e
s
o
f
B
alo
ch
is
ta
n
an
d
Sin
d
h
P
r
o
v
in
ce
s
.
A
lter
n
ati
v
e
E
n
er
g
y
De
v
elo
p
m
en
t
B
o
ar
d
(
A
E
DB
)
is
lo
o
k
i
n
g
f
o
r
t
h
e
Natio
n
al
a
n
d
I
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
co
m
p
a
n
ies
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
i
n
ter
ested
in
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
e
n
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
alter
n
ate
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
A
E
DB
h
a
s
s
tar
t
ed
its
f
ir
s
t
p
h
ase
o
f
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
elec
tr
icit
y
to
th
e
4
0
0
r
em
o
te
ar
ea
s
o
f
Si
n
d
h
a
n
d
B
alo
ch
is
ta
n
w
it
h
i
n
f
e
w
y
ea
r
s
.
4.
H
Y
B
R
ID
POWER
S
Y
ST
E
M
A
h
y
b
r
id
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
te
m
is
i
n
w
h
ic
h
th
e
lo
ad
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
t
w
o
o
r
m
o
r
e
p
o
w
er
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
R
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
s
o
lar
an
d
w
i
n
d
ar
e
n
o
r
m
al
l
y
co
m
b
i
n
ed
w
it
h
ea
c
h
o
t
h
er
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
y
ar
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
H
y
b
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
s
ca
n
b
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
to
f
u
l
f
ill
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
s
at
lo
w
e
s
t
ac
ce
p
tab
le
co
s
t,
w
h
ic
h
is
t
h
e
k
e
y
to
g
etti
n
g
m
ar
k
et.
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
is
g
r
ad
u
all
y
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
a
n
d
th
e
d
er
eg
u
la
t
io
n
o
f
elec
tr
icit
y
h
as
c
au
s
ed
th
at
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
h
i
g
h
p
o
w
er
s
tatio
n
s
ca
n
n
o
t
f
u
l
f
il
l
th
e
d
e
m
a
n
d
.
A
m
eth
o
d
to
f
ill
o
u
t
th
e
s
p
ac
e
is
to
m
a
k
e
alter
n
ativ
e
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
e.
g
.
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e,
s
o
lar
p
an
el
s
,
m
icr
o
tu
r
b
i
n
es
an
d
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
sy
s
te
m
.
No
w
a
d
a
y
t
h
e
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e
an
d
s
o
lar
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
ca
p
ab
le
alter
n
ativ
e
e
n
er
g
y
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies.
T
ab
le
1
.
No
n
R
en
e
w
ab
le
an
d
R
en
e
w
ab
le
5.
A
D
V
A
N
T
A
G
E
S OF
W
IND
E
N
E
R
G
Y
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
en
er
g
y
is
th
at
it
is
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
w
h
i
ch
is
m
o
s
t
u
n
l
ik
el
y
to
v
a
n
i
s
h
as c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
to
o
th
er
n
atu
r
al
s
o
u
r
ce
s
l
ik
e
co
al,
n
atu
r
al
g
a
s
.
W
in
d
en
er
g
y
is
s
af
e
f
o
r
th
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
b
ec
au
s
e
it
d
o
es
n
o
t
p
r
o
d
u
ce
ch
e
m
icals
lik
e
C
ar
b
o
n
d
io
x
id
e.
So
it d
o
es n
o
t p
o
llu
te
air
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
co
s
t
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
o
f
e
n
er
g
y
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
r
en
e
wab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
is
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
en
er
g
y
,
w
h
ic
h
co
s
ts
o
n
l
y
4
to
6
Am
er
i
ca
n
ce
n
t
s
p
er
KW
H
r
elatin
g
to
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t a
n
d
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
th
e
i
n
s
tal
latio
n
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
s
u
itab
le
p
lace
f
o
r
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
is
f
ar
m
s
an
d
m
o
s
t
l
y
f
ar
m
s
ar
e
p
lace
d
in
co
u
n
tr
y
s
id
e
ar
ea
s
an
d
th
i
s
w
ill also
h
elp
in
p
r
o
v
i
d
in
g
elec
tr
icit
y
i
n
r
u
r
al
ar
ea
s
.
W
in
d
en
er
g
y
is
“h
o
m
e
-
g
r
o
w
n
”
an
d
g
r
ee
n
(
i.e
.
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t f
r
ien
d
l
y
)
6.
D
ISA
D
V
A
N
T
A
G
E
S
W
in
d
p
o
w
er
i
s
an
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
al
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
b
u
t
it
s
i
n
iti
al
co
s
t
i
s
m
u
c
h
g
r
ea
ter
t
h
an
th
e
i
n
it
ial
in
v
e
s
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
o
th
er
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
li
k
e
co
al
an
d
n
at
u
r
al
g
a
s
.
No
w
a
d
a
y
‟
s
m
o
s
t
o
f
h
o
m
e
ap
p
lian
ce
s
ar
e
d
ep
en
d
en
t
o
n
ele
ctr
icit
y
s
o
th
e
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
elec
tr
i
cit
y
f
o
r
2
4
h
o
u
r
s
,
b
u
t
w
i
n
d
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
ca
n
n
o
t p
r
o
v
id
e
en
er
g
y
all
t
h
e
ti
m
e
b
ec
au
s
e
w
in
d
d
o
es n
o
t b
lo
w
all
t
h
e
ti
m
e.
A
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
er
s
o
u
r
ce
d
o
es
n
o
t
p
r
o
d
u
ce
ch
e
m
icals
a
s
o
th
er
s
o
u
r
ce
s
d
o
b
u
t
th
e
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
n
o
is
e
p
o
llu
tio
n
w
h
ich
i
s
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
t
h
e
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t o
f
its
r
o
to
r
b
lad
es.
7.
A
D
V
A
N
T
A
G
E
S OF
S
O
L
A
R
E
N
E
R
G
Y
So
lar
ce
lls
co
n
v
er
t
t
h
e
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
d
ir
ec
tl
y
i
n
to
th
e
elec
t
r
ic
it
y
u
s
i
n
g
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
e
f
f
ec
t
w
i
th
o
u
t
g
o
in
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
th
er
m
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
N
o
n
-
R
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
R
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
g
a
s
H
y
d
r
o
U
l
t
r
a
su
p
e
r
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
P
u
l
v
e
r
i
z
e
d
c
o
a
l
W
i
n
d
I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
e
d
c
o
a
l
G
a
si
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
S
o
l
a
r
N
u
c
l
e
a
r
B
i
o
mass
U
l
t
r
a
c
l
e
a
n
c
o
a
l
c
o
mb
i
n
e
d
c
y
c
l
e
G
e
o
t
h
e
r
mal
/
h
o
t
r
o
c
k
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8792
IJ
A
P
E
Vo
l.
3
,
No
.
2
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
4
:
75
–
81
78
Deser
ts
a
n
d
r
e
m
o
te
ar
ea
s
ar
e
id
ea
l
p
lace
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
o
lar
p
o
w
er
g
en
er
atio
n
b
ec
a
u
s
e
th
e
y
p
r
o
v
id
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
s
o
lar
p
o
w
er
a
n
d
th
e
s
p
ac
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
o
lar
p
a
n
els.
S
o
th
is
w
ill
h
elp
i
n
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
t
h
e
e
lectr
icit
y
to
th
e
r
u
r
al
ar
ea
s
o
f
P
ak
is
ta
n
.
So
lar
ce
lls
ar
e
r
eliab
le,
m
o
d
u
lar
,
d
u
r
ab
le
an
d
g
e
n
er
all
y
m
ai
n
ten
a
n
ce
f
r
ee
an
d
th
er
e
f
o
r
e,
s
u
itab
le
en
er
g
y
in
i
s
o
lated
an
d
r
e
m
o
te
ar
ea
s
.
So
lar
ce
ll
ar
e
q
u
ite,
co
m
p
ati
b
le
w
it
h
al
m
o
s
t
all
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
s
r
esp
o
n
d
in
s
ta
n
t
a
n
eo
u
s
l
y
to
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
an
d
h
a
v
e
an
e
x
p
ec
ted
lif
eti
m
e
o
f
2
0
o
r
m
o
r
e
y
ea
r
s
.
8.
D
ISA
D
V
A
N
T
A
G
E
S
C
u
r
r
en
tl
y
,
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
is
o
n
l
y
v
iab
le
f
o
r
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
h
o
u
s
e
h
o
ld
u
s
e
r
at
h
er
th
a
n
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
I
n
w
in
ter
,
t
h
er
e
is
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
p
o
w
er
g
e
n
er
ated
d
u
e
to
th
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
s
u
n
an
d
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
g
en
er
atio
n
at
n
i
g
h
t.
Hig
h
w
a
y
E
m
er
g
en
c
y
T
elep
h
o
n
es a
r
e
b
ein
g
p
o
w
er
ed
u
s
in
g
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
.
Kee
p
in
g
v
ac
ci
n
e
an
d
m
ed
ici
n
e
co
ld
b
y
p
o
w
er
in
g
r
ef
r
i
g
er
ato
r
s
.
“
E
m
p
o
w
er
C
o
n
s
u
lta
n
ts
o
f
Ne
w
Z
ea
la
n
d
is
a
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
p
ec
ial
is
t
is
w
o
r
k
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
in
th
e
d
ess
er
t
s
o
f
Ga
w
ad
ar
(
B
alo
ch
is
ta
n
)
.
T
h
e
g
o
al
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
a
tel
y
3
0
k
W
h
a
n
d
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
t
h
e
p
o
o
r
p
eo
p
le
o
f
th
at
r
e
m
o
te
ar
ea
.
”
“
T
h
e
„
p
r
im
e
m
o
v
e
r
‟
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
j
ec
t
is
ce
n
ter
ed
o
n
a
6
k
W
s
o
lar
P
V
ar
r
ay
,
w
ith
a
1
0
k
W
i
n
v
er
ter
,
lar
g
e
ca
p
ac
it
y
(
9
0
k
W
h
)
b
atter
y
b
an
k
,
1
0
0
Am
p
1
2
0
VDC s
o
lar
ch
ar
g
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
an
d
7
k
W
b
ac
k
u
p
d
iesel g
e
n
er
ato
r
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
t
h
e
b
ac
k
b
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
”.
So
lar
en
er
g
y
d
o
es
n
o
t
h
a
v
e
lar
g
e
s
ca
le
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
i
n
P
ak
is
ta
n
.
Di
f
f
er
en
t
co
m
p
a
n
ies
ar
e
m
ak
i
n
g
,
w
atc
h
es,
ca
lc
u
lato
r
s
a
n
d
ce
ll
u
lar
p
h
o
n
es
p
o
w
er
ed
b
y
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
ce
ll
s
,
b
atter
y
c
h
ar
g
er
s
,
g
ar
d
en
li
g
h
ts
a
n
d
lo
w
p
o
w
er
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
la
m
p
s
.
T
h
e
Sie
m
en
s
P
ak
is
ta
n
h
a
s
i
n
s
tal
led
m
icr
o
w
av
e
l
i
n
k
r
ep
ea
ter
s
tatio
n
s
o
n
t
h
e
L
ah
o
r
e
-
I
s
la
m
ab
ad
Mo
to
r
w
a
y
,
i
n
th
e
Salt R
a
n
g
e
ar
ea
an
d
m
o
r
e
th
an
3
5
0
e
m
er
g
e
n
c
y
ca
ll b
o
x
e
s
.
9.
CURRENT
SO
LAR
ENE
RGY
APP
LI
CATI
O
NS
I
N
P
AKI
ST
AN
No
w
i
n
P
ak
is
ta
n
d
if
f
er
e
n
t te
ch
n
o
lo
g
ies ar
e
u
s
i
n
g
So
lar
an
d
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
o
n
s
m
all
s
ca
le
.
9
.
1
.
So
la
r
Wa
t
er
P
u
m
pi
ng
& H
o
m
e
E
lect
rif
ica
t
io
n in a
B
a
lo
c
his
t
a
n,
P
a
k
i
s
t
a
n
T
h
e
m
ai
n
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
w
a
s
to
h
elp
w
o
m
e
n
w
h
o
ar
e
w
o
r
k
in
g
to
g
et
w
ater
f
r
o
m
th
e
w
ell
an
d
also
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
v
illa
g
e
r
s
lig
h
ts
i
n
t
h
e
ev
e
n
i
n
g
.
T
h
is
w
il
l a
ls
o
h
elp
v
illa
g
er
s
to
s
av
e
m
o
n
e
y
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t
w
a
s
a
lo
w
co
s
t
b
ec
au
s
e
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
i
n
s
tal
led
d
o
n
o
t
r
eq
u
ir
e
a
n
y
m
ai
n
ten
a
n
ce
.
P
V
p
an
els
u
s
ed
h
av
e
a
n
a
v
er
ag
e
l
if
e
o
f
3
0
y
ea
r
s
.
Ha
n
d
p
u
m
p
i
s
ex
p
ec
ted
to
last
ab
o
u
t
4
y
ea
r
s
.
T
h
e
lig
h
ts
h
a
v
e
also
esti
m
a
ted
lif
e
o
f
ab
o
u
t
1
y
ea
r
.
B
o
th
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
an
d
s
o
lar
th
er
m
al
tech
n
o
lo
g
ie
s
h
a
v
e
g
r
ea
t
p
o
ten
tial
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
in
P
ak
is
ta
n
;
h
o
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
y
ar
e
n
o
t
b
ein
g
u
t
ilize
d
o
n
m
aj
o
r
s
ca
le
an
y
w
h
er
e
in
P
ak
is
tan
.
On
s
m
all
s
ca
les
t
h
e
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
h
as
b
ee
n
u
tili
zi
n
g
f
o
r
m
o
r
e
th
a
n
2
5
y
ea
r
s
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
i
s
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
ar
ea
s
o
f
s
o
lar
th
er
m
a
l a
n
d
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
tech
n
o
lo
g
ie
s
.
Mo
s
t e
f
f
icie
n
t
w
a
y
to
u
tili
ze
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
i
s
u
s
in
g
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
aic
ce
lls
it c
o
n
v
er
ts
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
s
i
n
to
d
c
v
o
ltag
e
.
10.
CURRENT
W
I
ND
E
N
E
R
G
Y
A
PP
L
ICA
T
IO
N
S IN
P
A
K
IST
A
N
:
A
E
DB
in
s
talled
a
to
tal
o
f
a
1
4
0
m
icr
o
W
in
d
T
u
r
b
in
es
(
1
3
9
o
f
5
0
0
w
a
tt
ea
ch
an
d
o
n
e
o
f
1
0
KW
)
in
r
e
m
o
te
v
illa
g
e
o
f
Sin
d
h
an
d
B
alo
ch
is
ta
n
P
r
o
v
in
ce
s
to
s
u
p
p
l
y
p
o
w
er
to
r
esid
en
t
s
f
o
r
h
o
u
s
e
h
o
ld
u
tili
za
tio
n
.
T
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
w
as
d
es
i
g
n
ed
s
u
c
h
t
h
at
o
n
e
t
u
r
b
in
e
w
a
s
u
tili
ze
d
to
elec
tr
if
y
5
h
o
u
s
e
h
o
ld
.
M
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
t
u
r
b
in
e
s
in
s
ta
lled
b
y
A
E
DB
w
er
e
i
m
p
o
r
ted
f
r
o
m
C
h
in
a
an
d
a
f
e
w
w
er
e
m
a
n
u
f
ac
tu
r
ed
lo
ca
ll
y
.
T
h
e
d
etails
in
th
is
r
eg
ar
d
ar
e
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
1
0
.
1
.
I
m
po
rt
ed
A
to
tal
o
f
1
2
4
m
icr
o
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
es
o
f
5
0
0
w
att
ca
p
ac
it
y
w
er
e
i
m
p
o
r
ted
f
r
o
m
C
h
in
a.
T
h
e
t
u
r
b
in
e
s
w
er
e
o
f
(
Mo
d
el
No
.
an
d
d
etail)
.
T
h
ese
tu
r
b
in
e
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
i
n
s
talled
as p
er
d
etail
g
iv
e
n
b
elo
w
.
A
ll
t
h
ese
t
u
r
b
in
e
s
h
av
e
s
ati
s
f
a
cto
r
y
r
e
s
u
l
ts
.
T
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
alit
y
o
f
th
e
s
e
t
u
r
b
in
e
s
h
a
s
b
ee
n
v
e
r
y
g
o
o
d
.
T
h
o
u
g
h
,
o
v
er
all
s
y
s
te
m
in
s
tall
ed
in
h
o
u
s
e
ex
p
er
ien
ce
d
f
ail
u
r
e.
A
l
m
o
s
t
6
0
%
o
f
t
h
e
tu
r
b
i
n
es
g
o
t
d
r
ain
ed
.
T
h
is
h
ap
p
en
ed
b
ec
au
s
e
t
h
e
d
w
el
ler
s
u
til
ized
m
o
r
e
p
o
w
er
th
a
n
p
er
m
itted
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
A
P
E
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
I
mp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
o
f H
y
b
r
id
Gen
era
tio
n
P
o
w
er S
ystem
in
P
a
k
is
ta
n
(
Qa
z
i
W
a
q
a
r
A
li
)
79
0
5
,
0
0
0
1
0
,
0
0
0
1
5
,
0
0
0
2
0
,
0
0
0
2
5
,
0
0
0
3
0
,
0
0
0
9
5
-9
6
9
6
-9
7
9
7
-9
8
9
8
-9
9
9
9
-0
0
0
0
-0
1
Pu
n
j
a
b
Si
n
d
h
N
W
F
P
Ba
l
o
ch
i
s
t
a
n
1
0
.
2
.
L
o
c
a
lly
m
a
nu
f
a
ct
ured
A
to
tal
o
f
1
5
m
icr
o
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
es
5
0
0
w
att
c
ap
ac
it
y
w
er
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
lo
ca
l
m
a
r
k
et.
T
h
e
g
en
er
ato
r
s
f
o
r
th
ese
tu
r
b
i
n
es
w
er
e
i
m
p
o
r
ted
f
r
o
m
C
h
i
n
a.
R
eset
s
o
f
t
h
e
u
n
it
w
er
e
m
a
n
u
f
ac
tu
r
ed
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
f
ac
to
r
y
.
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
er
w
as S
h
ah
Ka
m
a
l,
Kar
ac
h
i.
T
h
ese
tu
r
b
in
es
w
er
e
i
n
s
tal
led
in
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
tu
r
b
in
es
h
a
v
e
n
o
t
g
i
v
e
n
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
l
r
es
u
lts
d
u
e
to
m
al
f
u
n
ct
io
n
i
n
g
b
lad
e
d
esig
n
.
Mo
s
t
o
f
th
ese
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
is
m
a
n
tled
.
11.
P
A
K
IST
A
N
C
O
U
N
C
IL F
O
R
R
E
N
E
WA
B
L
E
E
N
E
R
G
Y
T
E
C
H
N
O
L
O
G
IES
P
C
R
E
T
in
s
talled
a
to
tal
o
f
1
3
4
m
icr
o
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
in
r
e
m
o
te
v
illag
e
s
o
f
Sin
d
h
P
r
o
v
in
ce
to
s
u
p
p
l
y
p
o
w
er
to
r
esid
en
ts
f
o
r
h
o
u
s
e
h
o
ld
u
tili
za
tio
n
.
Mo
s
t
o
f
th
e
t
u
r
b
in
es
in
s
talled
b
y
P
C
R
E
T
w
er
e
i
m
p
o
r
ted
f
r
o
m
C
h
i
n
a
an
d
a
f
e
w
w
er
e
i
m
p
o
r
t
ed
f
r
o
m
C
h
i
n
a
an
d
a
f
e
w
w
e
r
e
m
a
n
u
f
ac
tu
r
ed
lo
ca
ll
y
.
T
h
e
d
etails
in
t
h
is
r
eg
ar
d
ar
e
as f
o
llo
w
s
.
1
1
.
1
.
I
m
po
rt
ed
I
n
y
ea
r
2
0
0
2
,
1
4
m
icr
o
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
in
es
(
6
o
f
5
0
0
W
atts
ea
c
h
an
d
8
o
f
3
0
0
w
att
s
ea
c
h
)
w
er
e
i
m
p
o
r
ted
f
r
o
m
C
h
i
n
a.
o
u
t
o
f
th
e
s
e
,
8
w
er
e
i
n
s
tal
led
in
co
astal
b
elt
o
f
B
alo
ch
is
ta
n
(
3
at
Dh
o
aj
ee
,
2
at
P
h
o
r
e
an
d
3
at
Ma
ta
Ma
n
d
ar
Hin
g
laj
,
L
asb
el
la)
an
d
6
w
i
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
w
er
e
in
s
talled
in
t
h
e
co
astal
ar
ea
s
o
f
Sin
d
h
(
o
n
e
at
s
u
p
er
Hig
h
w
a
y
Kar
ac
h
i,
3
at
Gu
j
j
o
an
d
2
at
Kh
ar
o
C
h
an
)
.
I
n
2
0
0
4
,
P
C
R
E
T
im
p
o
r
ted
1
1
6
m
icr
o
w
in
d
t
u
r
b
in
es o
f
5
0
0
w
at
t
s
ea
c
h
an
d
i
n
s
ta
lled
in
r
e
m
o
te
co
astal
ar
ea
s
o
f
Si
n
d
h
a
n
d
B
alo
ch
i
s
ta
n
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
i
s
P
r
o
j
ec
t,
1
,
4
3
0
h
o
u
s
e
h
o
ld
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
g
iv
e
n
e
lectr
icit
y
.
All
t
h
e
s
e
tu
r
b
in
es
w
er
e
also
ch
i
n
a
m
ad
e
; P
C
R
E
T
h
as in
s
talled
th
e
s
e
tu
r
b
in
es th
r
o
u
g
h
its
o
w
n
ex
p
er
ti
s
e.
1
1
.
2
.
L
o
c
a
l
P
C
R
E
T
also
h
as
m
ad
e
ef
f
o
r
ts
to
in
itiate
lo
ca
l
m
a
n
u
f
ac
tu
r
i
n
g
0
f
5
0
0
w
atts
w
in
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
s
u
n
d
er
T
o
T
f
r
o
m
C
h
in
a
a
n
d
5
-
1
0
KW
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
es
u
n
d
er
T
o
T
f
r
o
m
s
o
m
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
co
u
n
tr
ies.
T
h
ese
t
u
r
b
in
e
s
h
av
e
p
ass
ed
all
th
e
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
te
s
ts
an
d
n
o
w
ar
e
g
o
in
g
u
n
d
er
f
ie
ld
test
in
g
p
h
a
s
e,
th
e
d
etails
o
f
p
r
iv
ate
co
m
p
a
n
y
w
h
o
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
en
g
a
g
ed
b
y
P
C
R
E
T
.
12.
CURRENT
W
I
ND
ENE
R
GY
APP
L
I
CATI
O
NS
I
N
P
AKI
ST
AN
W
in
d
m
ill
s
ar
e
also
u
s
ed
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
elec
tr
icit
y
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
tr
ee
t
lig
h
t
s
.
T
h
ese
t
y
p
es
o
f
s
tr
ee
t
lig
h
ts
ar
e
u
s
ed
at
De
f
en
s
e
Ho
u
s
in
g
Au
th
o
r
ity
(
DH
A
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Def
en
s
e
Ho
u
s
in
g
Au
th
o
r
it
y
(
DH
A
)
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
b
elo
w
is
s
h
o
w
in
g
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
u
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
elec
tr
icit
y
f
o
r
t
h
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t sec
to
r
s
o
f
S
in
d
h
.
T
h
is
g
r
ap
h
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
is
i
n
d
o
m
e
s
tic
s
ec
to
r
as
th
e
elec
tr
icit
y
co
s
t
s
m
o
r
e
w
h
e
n
it
is
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
s
o
th
er
e
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
s
o
m
e
co
n
ce
r
n
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
elec
tr
icit
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
th
er
n
at
u
r
al
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8792
IJ
A
P
E
Vo
l.
3
,
No
.
2
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
4
:
75
–
81
80
Fii
g
u
r
e
2
.
E
lectr
icit
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
in
p
r
o
v
i
n
ce
o
f
Si
n
d
h
13.
P
R
O
POSE
D
W
O
R
K
:
T
h
e
m
ai
n
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
ject
is
th
at
i
t sh
o
u
ld
b
e
ab
le
to
r
u
n
1
KW
lo
ad
at
5
0
Hz.
W
e
h
av
e
d
iv
id
ed
th
is
p
r
o
j
ec
t in
to
d
if
f
er
en
t p
h
ase
s
an
d
ea
ch
p
h
ase
h
as
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
g
o
al
.
T
h
e
to
p
lev
el
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
a
h
y
b
r
id
r
en
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
is
g
i
v
e
n
b
elo
w
:
Wi
n
d
M
i
l
l
I
n
v
e
r
te
r
Sol
a
r
Pa
n
e
l
48
V
B
a
tt
e
r
y
T
r
a
n
s
fo
r
m
e
r
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
B
lo
ck
Diag
r
a
m
14.
F
UT
UR
E
E
NH
AN
CE
M
E
N
T
S
1
4
.
1
.
L
o
w
Co
s
t
Wind
T
urbin
e
I
m
ple
m
ent
a
t
io
n
I
n
f
u
tu
r
e
a
lo
w
co
s
t
w
in
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
th
at
ca
n
b
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
o
u
r
s
y
s
te
m
w
it
h
s
o
m
e
en
h
a
n
ce
m
en
ts
.
1
4
.
2
.
So
l
a
r
P
a
nels
w
it
h T
ra
c
kin
g
Sy
s
t
e
m
Dev
elo
p
in
g
a
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
th
e
s
o
lar
p
an
el
s
w
h
ic
h
w
il
l
en
s
u
r
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
e
n
er
g
y
tr
an
s
f
er
f
r
o
m
s
u
n
.
1
4
.
3
.
I
m
pro
v
ing
Ca
pa
cit
y
o
f
B
a
t
t
er
ies a
t
L
o
w
Co
s
t
An
o
th
er
asp
ec
t t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
is
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
e
i
n
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
b
atter
ies.
1
4
.
4
.
E
f
f
icient
a
nd
L
o
w
co
s
t
So
la
r
P
a
nels
So
m
eo
n
e
ca
n
w
o
r
k
o
n
t
h
e
s
o
la
r
p
an
els s
o
th
at
to
m
ak
e
t
h
e
m
co
s
t e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IJ
A
P
E
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8792
I
mp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
o
f H
y
b
r
id
Gen
era
tio
n
P
o
w
er S
ystem
in
P
a
k
is
ta
n
(
Qa
z
i
W
a
q
a
r
A
li
)
81
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
“
S
o
lar E
n
e
rg
y
Util
iza
ti
o
n
”
c
h
a
p
t
e
r
3
0
A
S
HRA
E
Ha
n
d
b
o
o
k
,
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
ti
o
n
s
.
[2
]
W
in
d
h
y
b
rid
s
y
ste
m
s
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
c
h
a
ra
c
t
e
riza
ti
o
n
b
y
V
a
u
g
h
n
C
Ne
lso
n
,
Ke
n
L
S
tarc
h
e
r
W
e
st
T
e
x
a
s
A
&
M
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
[3
]
P
.
J L
u
n
d
e
S
o
lar T
h
e
rm
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
:
Jo
h
n
W
il
e
y
&
S
o
n
s,
[4
]
A
.
W
.
Cu
lp
,
P
rin
c
i
p
les
o
f
En
e
rg
y
Co
n
v
e
rsio
n
,
2
n
d
e
d
.
,
M
c
G
ra
w
-
Hi
ll
,
[5
]
W
in
d
G
e
n
e
ra
to
rs an
d
T
u
rb
i
n
e
s b
y
A
.
Bin
d
e
r,
[6
]
S
.
W
e
i,
B.
W
u
,
F
.
L
i,
X
.
S
u
n
,
Co
n
tr
o
l
M
e
t
h
o
d
f
o
r
Ca
sc
a
d
e
d
H
-
Brid
g
e
M
u
lt
il
e
v
e
l
In
v
e
rter w
it
h
F
a
u
lt
y
lev
e
l
Ce
ll
s,
[7
]
R.
Eri
c
k
so
n
,
S
.
A
n
g
k
it
it
ra
k
u
l,
a
n
d
K.
A
l
m
a
z
e
e
d
i
,
M
u
l
ti
lev
e
l
M
a
tri
x
S
y
ste
m
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
v
e
rters
a
n
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
re
n
e
wa
b
le en
e
rg
y
s
y
ste
m
s
Un
iv
e
r
sity
o
f
Co
lo
ra
d
o
Bo
u
ld
e
r,
Co
l
o
ra
d
o
,
[8
]
F
re
d
e
Blaa
b
jerg
,
Zh
e
C
h
e
n
,
Re
m
u
s T
e
o
d
o
re
sc
u
A
a
lb
o
rg
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
In
stit
u
te o
f
En
e
rg
y
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
De
n
m
a
r
k
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.