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[
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[
2
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T
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tr
o
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a
d
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t
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d
b
y
m
a
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y
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e
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e
a
r
ch
e
r
s
[
1
9
,
2
0
]
,
b
u
t
[
2
1
]
,
t
h
e
p
r
e
s
en
t
e
d
s
m
a
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t
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in
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f
a
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m
.
An
im
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v
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m
en
t
in
th
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e
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w
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a
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[
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2
-
2
4
]
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I
n
[
2
5
]
,
th
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ee
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f
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ly
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n
h
an
c
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n
t.
M
a
n
y
p
a
t
en
t
s
[
2
6
-
2
9]
p
r
e
s
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n
t
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s
f
o
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d
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s
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r
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ev
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(
W
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d
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ly
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,
to
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ed
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t
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.
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o
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e
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p
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t
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t
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d
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o
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l
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a
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s
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d
a
s
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eq
u
i
r
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d
.
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h
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s
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l
t
s
s
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n
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f
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c
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t
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th
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w
a
t
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p
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a
f
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m
a
g
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z
a
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io
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d
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t
d
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f
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en
t
p
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d
s
,
w
h
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h
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m
ag
n
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t
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n
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n
ad
d
i
t
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a
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ed
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te
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t
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t
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l
e
.
T
o
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h
a
n
ce
t
h
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p
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t
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d
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m
,
w
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e
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t
a
s
f
o
r
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f
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e
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k
s
;
a
d
d
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a
m
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to
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in
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d
co
n
tr
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a
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te
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n
e
t
o
f
t
h
i
n
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
[
3
0
-
3
3
]
,
o
r
v
i
a
l
o
n
g
r
a
n
g
e
(
L
o
R
a
)
[
3
4
,
3
5
]
,
a
l
s
o
s
u
p
p
ly
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n
g
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w
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t
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p
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to
v
o
l
t
a
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s
y
s
t
em
a
s
in
[
3
6
,
3
7]
.
I
n
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
2
,
t
h
e
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
b
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t
w
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d
p
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f
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d
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g
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(
p
H
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p
l
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d
,
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n
d
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f
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p
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w
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l
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b
e
p
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s
e
n
t
ed
in
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
3
,
I
n
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
4
,
th
e
s
y
s
t
em
t
e
ch
n
ic
a
l
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s
i
g
n
an
d
im
p
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n
ta
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s
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d
in
d
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t
a
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l
.
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h
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s
y
s
t
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m
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a
t
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d
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t
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a
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g
i
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s
a
r
e
p
r
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s
en
te
d
in
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
5
,
an
d
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
a
n
d
d
i
s
cu
s
s
i
o
n
i
n
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
6
,
a
n
d
f
i
n
a
l
ly
th
e
co
n
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
i
n
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
7
.
2.
WAT
E
R
pH
L
E
V
E
L
T
h
e
r
e
i
s
a
d
i
r
e
c
t
ly
p
r
o
p
o
r
ti
o
n
a
l
b
e
t
w
e
en
t
h
e
ap
p
l
i
ed
m
ag
n
et
i
c
f
i
e
l
d
an
d
th
e
d
r
i
n
k
i
n
g
w
a
t
er
p
H
l
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v
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l
a
t
a
s
p
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c
if
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c
r
an
g
e
a
n
d
ac
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
t
h
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p
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r
io
d
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f
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h
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p
r
o
c
e
s
s
.
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h
i
s
b
e
h
a
v
io
u
r
i
s
c
au
s
e
d
b
e
c
au
s
e
M
W
i
s
t
e
n
d
ed
to
a
lk
a
l
in
e
r
a
t
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a
n
a
c
i
d
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c
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f
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in
c
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as
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d
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p
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f
h
y
d
r
o
g
e
n
i
o
n
s
in
wa
t
e
r
[
3
8
]
.
F
i
g
u
r
e
1
(
a)
s
h
o
w
s
th
a
t
t
h
e
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
o
f
w
a
t
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t
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t
h
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m
a
g
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c
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ld
s
l
i
g
h
t
ly
in
c
r
e
a
s
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d
t
h
e
p
H
o
f
w
a
t
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r
f
r
o
m
7
.
1
3
-
7
.
9
3
b
y
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p
p
l
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in
g
a
m
ag
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f
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ld
f
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m
0
-
0
.
5
T
e
s
l
a
(
0
-
5
0
0
0
G
au
s
s
(
G
)
).
T
h
e
p
H
v
a
lu
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o
f
w
a
t
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s
a
m
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o
f
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t
s
a
ci
d
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t
y
o
r
a
l
k
a
l
i
n
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ty
;
t
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
it
s
l
e
v
e
l
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n
d
ic
a
t
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n
.
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h
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n
w
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to
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m
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f
1
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%
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p
ly
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ng
a
m
ag
n
e
t
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c
f
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e
ld
eq
u
a
l
t
o
6
5
6
0
G
[
3
9
]
.
I
n
a
d
i
f
f
e
r
en
t
m
a
t
t
er
,
th
e
w
a
te
r
t
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m
p
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r
a
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r
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h
a
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a
s
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g
n
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f
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ca
n
t
e
f
f
e
c
t
o
n
p
H
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
[
4
0
-
4
3
]
,
w
h
i
c
h
c
a
n
c
au
s
e
a
n
er
r
o
r
in
th
e
r
e
ad
i
n
g
s
,
d
u
e
to
i
t
s
e
f
f
ec
t
o
n
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h
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e
l
e
c
tr
o
d
e
's
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
(
o
r
s
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
i
ty
)
.
T
h
i
s
e
r
r
o
r
i
s
r
e
a
s
o
n
ab
l
y
p
r
ed
i
c
t
ab
le
,
t
y
p
i
c
a
l
l
y
(
≈
0
.
0
0
3
p
H
/
⁰
C
/
p
H
),
a
c
co
r
d
i
n
g
t
o
th
e
w
a
t
er
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
tu
r
e
.
T
h
e
s
e
e
r
r
o
r
s
f
r
o
m
c
h
an
g
e
s
in
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
d
e
s
e
n
s
i
t
i
v
i
t
y
d
u
e
t
o
ch
a
n
g
e
s
i
n
t
em
p
er
a
t
u
r
e
c
an
b
e
co
r
r
ec
t
e
d
b
y
m
e
te
r
s
w
i
t
h
t
em
p
er
a
t
u
r
e
c
o
m
p
en
s
a
t
i
o
n
.
F
i
g
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
s
h
o
w
s
p
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
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m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
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l
Desig
n
a
n
d
imp
leme
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tio
n
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f
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s
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n
d
h
i
g
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ly
p
r
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e
w
a
ter ma
g
n
etiz
er
(
Mo
h
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A
.
M
o
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mme
d
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3157
(a
)
(
b
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Fig
u
r
e
1.
W
ater
p
o
ten
tial o
f
h
y
d
r
o
g
en
lev
el
;
(
a)
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
t
h
e
p
H
o
f
th
e
wate
r
an
d
th
e
m
a
g
n
etic
f
ield
d
e
n
s
ity
[
3
9
]
,
(
b
)
Av
ailab
le
p
H
p
r
o
b
es p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
lin
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r
s
lo
p
e
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f
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t
p
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t v
o
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e
v
er
s
u
s
p
H
@
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
3.
SYST
E
M
DE
SI
G
N
AN
D
I
M
P
L
E
M
E
NT
A
T
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Wa
t
er
ma
g
net
izer
des
ig
n
T
o
m
ag
n
etize
th
e
wate
r
,
it
is
r
eq
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ir
ed
to
ap
p
ly
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ce
r
tain
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o
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n
t
o
f
a
m
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etic
f
ield
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o
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n
d
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e
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r
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ip
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ile
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e
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r
is
f
lo
win
g
.
T
h
e
a
p
p
lied
m
ag
n
etic
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ield
co
u
ld
b
e
u
s
ed
f
r
o
m
a
p
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m
an
en
t
m
ag
n
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r
an
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tr
o
m
ag
n
etic
c
o
il.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
ted
s
y
s
tem
u
s
ed
b
o
th
ty
p
es
to
ac
h
iev
e
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y
m
ag
n
etic
f
ield
as
r
eq
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ir
ed
.
T
h
r
e
e
p
er
m
an
en
t
m
ag
n
ets
with
d
if
f
er
en
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m
ag
n
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ield
s
tr
en
g
t
h
,
5
0
0
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1
0
0
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an
d
1
5
0
0
G,
ar
e
co
n
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ec
ted
in
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ar
all
el,
s
ee
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
a)
,
th
e
n
in
s
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ies
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v
ar
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le
m
ag
n
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il.
T
h
e
v
a
r
iab
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ag
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tic
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il
is
d
esig
n
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th
e
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ar
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eter
s
as
lis
ted
in
T
ab
le
1
with
th
e
aid
o
f
[
4
4
]
an
d
s
h
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wn
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
s
2
(
b
)
a
n
d
(
c
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.
T
h
e
co
il
h
as
5
0
0
tu
r
n
s
th
at
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le
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s
u
p
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ly
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0
-
5
0
0
G.
T
o
in
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r
ea
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e
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e
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etize
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r
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il
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r
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ar
ts
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r
n
s
ea
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h
,
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i
v
e
r
elay
s
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r
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izin
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ese
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ils
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ir
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s
h
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Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
ab
le
2
p
r
esen
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e
v
alv
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s
tatu
s
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d
th
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co
il st
ep
s
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r
d
in
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g
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etic
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tr
en
g
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r
o
m
5
0
0
-
2
0
0
0
G.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Per
m
a
n
en
t a
n
d
v
ar
ia
b
le
m
ag
n
ets;
(
a)
p
er
m
an
e
n
t m
ag
n
ets,
(
b
)
c
o
il d
ef
in
itio
n
s
[
4
4
]
,
an
d
(
c)
co
il c
ase
[
4
4
]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
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t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
3
15
5
-
316
3
3158
T
ab
le
1.
C
o
il in
p
u
t p
ar
am
eter
s
S
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
V
a
l
u
e
C
o
i
l
I
n
n
e
r
R
a
d
i
u
s (m
m)
:
20
C
o
i
l
Le
n
g
t
h
(
mm
)
:
1
0
0
C
o
p
p
e
r
W
i
r
e
D
i
a
me
t
e
r
w
i
t
h
I
n
su
l
a
t
i
o
n
(
mm
)
:
1
.
5
3
1
6
2
(
G
a
u
g
e
:
1
5
)
C
o
p
p
e
r
W
i
r
e
D
i
a
me
t
e
r
w
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t
h
o
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t
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n
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l
a
t
i
o
n
(
mm
)
:
1
.
4
5
0
3
4
(
G
a
u
g
e
:
1
5
)
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
T
u
r
n
s
:
5
0
0
C
o
i
l
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
(
A
)
:
10
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
k
H
z
)
:
0
D
i
st
a
n
c
e
f
r
o
m
c
e
n
t
e
r
(
mm
)
:
30
C
o
r
e
R
e
l
a
t
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v
e
P
e
r
m
e
a
b
i
l
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t
y
,
k
:
0
.
9
9
9
9
9
2
W
i
n
d
i
n
g
C
o
m
p
a
c
t
-
F
a
c
t
o
r
:
0
.
9
M
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
F
i
e
l
d
(
mT)
:
4
9
.
8
9
9
1
M
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
F
i
e
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d
(
G
)
:
4
9
8
.
9
9
1
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o
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l
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e
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g
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t
(
mm
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:
1
0
.
5
5
6
D
C
R
e
si
s
t
a
n
c
e
(
O
h
m)
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0
.
7
8
6
2
I
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
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e
(
u
H
)
:
4
3
4
7
.
7
4
3
M
i
n
i
m
u
m
D
C
D
r
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v
e
r
V
o
l
t
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g
e
R
e
q
u
i
r
e
d
(
V
)
:
7
.
8
6
2
D
C
P
o
w
e
r
D
i
ss
i
p
a
t
i
o
n
(
W
)
:
7
8
.
6
2
T
ab
le
2.
T
h
e
v
alv
es'
s
tatu
s
an
d
th
e
co
il st
ep
s
f
o
r
th
e
m
ag
n
et
ic
f
ield
s
M
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
st
r
e
n
g
t
h
(
G
)
C
o
i
l
st
e
p
s
V
a
l
v
e
1
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
(
5
0
0
G)
V
a
l
v
e
2
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
(
1
0
0
0
G)
V
a
l
v
e
3
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
(
1
5
0
0
G)
5
0
0
0
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
6
0
0
1
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
7
0
0
2
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
8
0
0
3
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
9
0
0
4
ON
O
F
F
O
F
F
1
0
0
0
0
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
1
1
0
0
1
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
1
2
0
0
2
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
1
3
0
0
3
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
1
4
0
0
4
O
F
F
ON
O
F
F
1
5
0
0
0
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
1
6
0
0
1
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
1
7
0
0
2
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
1
8
0
0
3
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
1
9
0
0
4
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
2
0
0
0
5
O
F
F
O
F
F
ON
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
R
elay
s
d
r
i
v
e
r
cir
cu
it
f
o
r
co
ils
an
d
v
alv
es
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
Desig
n
a
n
d
imp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
o
f
fa
s
t a
n
d
h
i
g
h
ly
p
r
ec
is
e
w
a
ter ma
g
n
etiz
er
(
Mo
h
a
mme
d
A
.
M
o
h
a
mme
d
)
3159
3
.
2
.
T
he
us
ed
s
en
s
o
rs
−
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
wate
r
p
H
v
alu
es
in
W
I
P
an
d
W
OP
a
s
an
in
d
icatio
n
f
o
r
m
ag
n
etizin
g
th
e
wate
r
.
T
h
e
u
s
ed
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
is
th
e
ty
p
e
(
6
5
-
1
)
,
wh
ich
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
,
h
as
a
p
H
r
an
g
e
(
0
-
1
4
)
,
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
r
a
n
g
e
(
0
-
8
0
⁰C
)
,
Z
er
o
p
o
i
n
ts
(
7
±
1
)
,
an
d
r
es
p
o
n
s
e
tim
e
(
<2
m
in
)
.
−
A
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
s
en
s
o
r
is
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
wate
r
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
wate
r
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
r
ea
d
in
g
s
will
b
e
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
m
icr
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
ller
to
co
r
r
ec
t
th
e
e
r
r
o
r
s
i
n
th
e
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
s
d
u
e
to
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
ch
a
n
g
es.
T
h
e
u
s
ed
s
en
s
o
r
is
DS1
8
B
2
0
,
wh
ich
is
a
wate
r
p
r
o
o
f
d
ig
ital
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
te
m
p
s
en
s
o
r
p
r
o
b
e,
as
s
h
o
wn
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
.
−
A
Flo
wm
eter
,
ty
p
e
YF
-
S2
0
1
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
4
(
c)
,
is
u
s
ed
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
wate
r
f
lo
w
r
ate
f
o
r
two
p
u
r
p
o
s
es.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
is
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
th
e
wate
r
r
ate
an
d
th
e
s
u
p
p
lied
q
u
an
tity
s
in
ce
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
s
u
p
p
ly
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
q
u
an
tity
ac
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
t
o
th
e
u
s
er
r
eq
u
est,
th
e
n
s
h
u
t
t
h
e
wate
r
.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
r
ea
s
o
n
is
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
l p
u
r
p
o
s
es
,
wh
ich
will b
e
ex
p
lain
ed
later
.
−
T
h
r
ee
elec
tr
ical
v
alv
es,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
d
)
,
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
wate
r
f
l
o
w
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
p
er
m
an
e
n
t
m
ag
n
et.
T
h
ese
v
alv
es a
r
e
d
r
i
v
es f
r
o
m
r
elay
s
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
th
e
m
icr
o
co
n
t
r
o
ller
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
4.
Sy
s
tem
in
s
t
r
u
m
e
n
tatio
n
; (
a)
th
e
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
,
(
b
)
th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
s
en
s
o
r
,
(
c)
th
e
u
s
ed
f
lo
wm
eter
an
d
(
d
)
th
e
u
s
ed
elec
tr
ical
v
alv
es
3
.
3
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
co
ntr
o
ller
a
nd
us
er
inte
rf
a
ce
dev
ices
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
u
s
ed
Me
g
a
Ar
d
u
in
o
2
5
6
0
as
th
e
m
ain
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
,
i
ts
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
o
n
r
ea
d
i
n
g
all
th
e
an
alo
g
u
e
an
d
d
ig
ital
s
ig
n
als
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
all
th
e
d
ata
an
d
co
r
r
ec
t
th
e
e
r
r
o
r
s
in
th
e
r
ea
d
in
g
s
,
ad
o
p
t
a
s
o
f
t
PID
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
f
ast an
d
ac
c
u
r
ate
r
esp
o
n
s
e,
r
ea
d
s
th
e
u
s
er
i
n
p
u
t
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
k
ey
p
ad
s
an
d
p
u
s
h
b
u
tto
n
s
,
d
is
p
lay
s
all
th
e
d
at
a
o
n
th
e
L
C
D
s
cr
ee
n
,
a
n
d
tr
an
s
m
its
all
th
e
r
ea
d
in
g
s
an
d
d
ata
to
th
e
co
m
p
u
ter
v
ia
a
USB
.
3
.
4
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
pip
ing
a
nd
ins
t
r
um
ent
s
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
's
m
ain
W
I
P
p
ass
e
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
s
en
s
o
r
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
p
H
r
ea
d
in
g
is
r
ea
d
.
T
h
is
m
ain
W
I
P
is
d
i
v
id
ed
in
to
th
r
ee
b
r
an
c
h
es
to
p
ass
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
m
ag
n
etic
s
tr
en
g
th
p
er
m
an
en
t
m
a
g
n
ets.
E
v
er
y
b
r
an
ch
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
v
ia
a
s
o
len
o
id
v
alv
e
,
an
d
th
e
m
ain
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
tak
e
th
e
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
en
er
g
izin
g
th
em
.
T
h
en
th
ese
b
r
an
c
h
es
ar
e
co
llected
to
p
ass
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
v
ar
iab
le
m
ag
n
etic
co
il.
T
h
e
s
tr
en
g
th
o
f
th
is
co
il
i
s
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
th
e
m
ain
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
H
s
en
s
o
r
is
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
p
H
lev
el
f
o
r
th
e
wate
r
o
n
ce
ag
ain
at
th
e
WO
P
,
an
d
th
is
r
ea
d
in
g
will
b
e
u
s
ed
as
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
o
f
t
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
in
teg
r
atio
n
d
er
iv
ativ
e
(
PID
)
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
f
lo
wm
eter
at
t
h
e
W
OP
is
u
s
ed
to
1
)
d
etec
t
th
e
f
l
o
w,
2
)
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
f
lo
wr
ate
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
o
r
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
th
e
m
ag
n
e
tic
s
tr
en
g
th
,
an
d
3
)
ca
lcu
late
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
s
o
f
th
e
s
u
p
p
lied
wate
r
in
litre
s
.
3
.
5
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
o
pera
t
i
o
ns
T
h
e
b
asic
id
ea
o
f
th
is
s
y
s
tem
is
to
ac
h
iev
e
a
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
H
v
alu
e
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
th
e
m
ag
n
etiza
tio
n
o
f
th
e
wate
r
.
T
h
is
ca
n
b
e
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
tak
in
g
a
s
am
p
le
r
ea
d
in
g
b
y
th
e
wate
r
in
let
p
H
m
eter
as
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
r
ea
d
in
g
th
en
tak
e
a
n
o
th
er
s
am
p
le
at
th
e
W
OP
to
m
e
asu
r
e
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
c
e
b
etwe
en
th
e
in
p
u
t
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t
wate
r
p
H.
An
o
th
er
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
f
ac
to
r
is
th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
th
e
wate
r
;
th
is
f
ac
to
r
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
th
e
p
H
r
ea
d
in
g
lin
e
ar
ly
as
th
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
in
cr
e
ase,
s
o
a
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
s
en
s
o
r
h
as
b
ee
n
ad
d
ed
f
o
r
co
r
r
ec
tin
g
t
h
e
p
H
r
ea
d
in
g
s
.
T
o
m
an
a
g
e
all
th
ese
s
ig
n
als,
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
m
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
c
o
il
cu
r
r
en
t
.
An
Ar
d
u
i
n
o
Me
g
a
B
o
ar
d
ty
p
e
(
Me
g
a
2
5
6
0
)
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
r
ea
d
i
n
g
th
e
p
H
r
ea
d
in
g
s
an
d
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
b
y
c
o
n
n
ec
tin
g
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
th
e
Ar
d
u
i
n
o
B
o
ar
d
in
p
u
ts
an
d
co
n
n
ec
t
th
e
m
ag
n
etic
co
il
an
d
m
o
n
ito
r
f
o
r
th
e
o
u
tp
u
ts
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
p
r
o
c
ess
in
g
f
lo
wch
ar
t
i
s
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
;
it is
also
s
h
o
win
g
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
f
ea
t
u
r
es wh
ich
co
n
cl
u
d
e
as f
o
ll
o
ws:
−
Ad
ap
t a
s
o
f
t PI
D
to
m
a
n
ag
e
th
e
wate
r
p
H
f
ast an
d
p
r
ec
is
ely
.
−
C
o
r
r
ec
t th
e
p
H
r
ea
d
in
g
ac
c
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
wate
r
tem
p
er
atu
r
e.
−
Dis
p
lay
,
s
to
r
e,
an
d
tr
a
n
s
m
it a
ll th
e
r
ea
d
i
n
g
an
d
d
ata
with
a
ti
m
estam
p
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
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,
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18
,
No
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6
,
Dec
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b
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r
2
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2
0
:
3
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316
3
3160
−
C
o
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w
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p
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n
g
t
h
.
−
Su
p
p
ly
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
wate
r
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u
a
n
tity
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
u
s
er
n
ee
d
s
.
−
Sen
s
in
g
th
e
f
lo
w
allo
ws th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
to
s
av
e
p
o
wer
wh
e
n
th
er
e
is
n
o
f
lo
w
o
r
n
o
wate
r
.
−
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
allo
ws
th
e
u
s
er
to
r
u
n
th
e
s
y
s
tem
i
n
m
a
n
u
al
m
o
d
e,
o
r
au
to
m
atic
m
o
d
e
.
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n
m
an
u
al
m
o
d
e
,
th
e
u
s
er
ca
n
s
et
th
e
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
m
ag
n
etic
s
tr
en
g
th
m
a
n
u
ally
.
−
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
d
esig
n
t
o
s
tu
d
y
th
e
wate
r
p
r
o
p
er
ties
u
n
d
er
d
if
f
er
en
t
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
th
is
m
ak
es
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
b
e
ad
o
p
ted
b
y
r
esear
c
h
er
s
to
m
ak
e
m
o
r
e
s
tu
d
ies in
th
is
f
ield
.
p
H
2
V
-
1
V
-
2
V
-
3
p
H
1
T
T
e
m
p
e
r
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t
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r
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e
n
s
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r
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F
l
o
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m
e
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t
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t
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r
W
a
t
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r
P
u
m
p
Fig
u
r
e
5.
Pip
in
g
an
d
in
s
tr
u
m
e
n
ts
d
iag
r
am
S
t
a
r
t
M
e
a
s
u
r
e
,
f
l
o
w
r
a
t
e
,
P
H
1
,
P
H
2
,
a
n
d
W
a
t
e
r
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
.
P
r
o
c
e
s
s
t
h
e
P
H
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
s
t
o
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
t
h
e
e
r
r
o
r
d
u
o
t
o
w
a
t
e
r
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
.
C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
t
h
e
r
e
q
u
i
r
e
d
M
a
g
n
e
t
i
c
f
i
e
l
d
a
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
t
o
t
h
e
P
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D
o
u
t
p
u
t
.
P
I
D
S
e
l
e
c
t
t
h
e
st
a
t
i
c
m
a
g
n
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t
b
y
e
n
e
r
g
i
z
i
n
g
t
h
e
so
l
e
n
o
i
d
v
a
l
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e
s
E
n
e
r
g
i
z
e
t
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c
o
m
p
e
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t
i
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g
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o
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r
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q
u
i
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u
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s
No
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-
e
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e
r
g
i
z
i
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d
a
t
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o
n
t
h
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L
C
D
s
c
r
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e
n
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
Sy
s
tem
p
r
o
c
ess
i
n
g
f
lo
wch
a
r
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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T
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Desig
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Mo
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3161
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
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y
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tem
was
d
esig
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d
an
d
im
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lem
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ted
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as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
wate
r
is
cir
c
u
lated
f
o
r
twen
ty
h
o
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r
s
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r
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ch
o
f
th
e
f
ix
e
d
m
ag
n
etize
r
s
(
5
0
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1
0
0
0
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an
d
1
5
0
0
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,
th
en
th
e
PID
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n
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ller
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ized
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r
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ch
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ter
ea
c
h
ex
p
er
im
e
n
t
,
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d
th
e
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r
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
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g
u
ar
an
teed
at
2
0
⁰
C
.
T
wo
m
o
d
es
f
o
r
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
ar
e
ad
o
p
ted
,
m
an
u
al
m
o
d
e
a
n
d
a
u
to
m
atic
m
o
d
e.
I
n
th
e
m
an
u
al
m
o
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e,
th
e
u
s
er
c
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m
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n
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ally
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g
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h
b
y
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ess
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icato
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t
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e
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s
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l
f
o
r
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n
d
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ts
,
a
n
d
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u
s
e
it
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o
ca
lcu
late
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e
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y
s
tem
ef
f
icien
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.
I
n
th
e
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at
ic
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o
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e,
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e
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y
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tem
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o
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lcu
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s
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d
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r
o
ce
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s
th
e
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r
as r
eq
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i
r
ed
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en
s
u
r
e
th
e
m
ag
n
etiza
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
s
ettlin
g
tim
e
s
(
ST)
to
m
ag
n
etize
th
e
wate
r
,
wh
ile
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e
p
H
lev
el
at
th
e
in
let
was
7
.
2
an
d
th
e
s
etp
o
in
t
lev
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r
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7
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3
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,
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1
0
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0
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,
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,
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d
(
4
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@
PID
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.
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h
e
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esu
lts
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s
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tead
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s
tate
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r
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en
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s
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n
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llin
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e
m
ag
n
etiza
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ec
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s
e
it
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co
n
tr
o
llin
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th
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v
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lv
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e
m
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n
etize
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k
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p
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s
m
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o
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il
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ate
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atica
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ab
le
3
s
h
o
ws
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e
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ea
n
er
r
o
r
(
ME
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an
d
t
h
e
m
ea
n
s
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u
a
r
ed
er
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o
r
(
MSE
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f
o
r
t
h
e
test
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g
r
esu
lts
.
MSE
s
h
o
ws
a
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ig
n
if
ican
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im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
in
th
e
s
y
s
tem
r
esp
o
n
s
e
th
r
o
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g
h
t
h
e
test
in
g
tim
e.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
f
in
al
s
y
s
tem
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tr
u
ctu
r
e
Fig
u
r
e
8.
T
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p
H
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r
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v
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e
v
ice
f
o
r
r
esear
ch
er
s
an
d
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
K.
Kro
n
e
n
b
e
rg
,
"
M
AG
NETI
ZE
D
II:
M
o
re
a
ll
u
ri
n
g
fa
c
ts
a
b
o
u
t
trea
ti
n
g
wa
ter
wi
th
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
s,"
Aq
u
a
M
a
g
a
zi
n
e
,
1
9
9
3
.
[2
]
Y.
Ali,
R.
S
a
m
a
n
e
h
,
R.
Zo
h
re
,
a
n
d
J.
M
o
sta
fa
,
"
M
a
g
n
e
t
ic
wa
ter
trea
tme
n
t
in
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t:
A
re
v
iew
o
f
th
e
re
c
e
n
t
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
s a
n
d
fu
t
u
re
p
e
rsp
e
c
ti
v
e
s,"
C
u
rr
e
n
t
W
o
rld
En
v
iro
n
me
n
t,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
0
0
8
-
16
,
2
0
1
4
.
[3
]
M
.
U.
S
o
n
i
a
n
d
M
.
Z
.
M
e
h
ta,
"
C
o
st
Eff
e
c
ti
v
e
P
re
c
isio
n
Ag
ricu
l
tu
r
e
Us
in
g
M
a
g
n
e
ti
z
e
d
wa
ter
a
n
d
I
n
stru
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
"
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
Of
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
Res
e
a
rc
h
An
d
In
n
o
v
a
ti
v
e
Id
e
a
s I
n
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
3
9
5
-
4
3
9
6
,
2
0
1
7
.
[4
]
M
.
R.
P
o
we
ll
,
"
M
a
g
n
e
ti
c
wa
ter
a
n
d
fu
e
l
trea
tme
n
t:
m
y
th
,
m
a
g
i
c
,
o
r
m
a
in
stre
a
m
sc
ien
c
e
?
,
"
S
k
e
p
ti
c
a
l
in
q
u
ire
r,
v
o
l.
2
2
,
p
p
.
2
7
-
3
1
,
1
9
9
8
.
[5
]
R.
El
ias
se
n
,
R.
T.
S
k
ri
n
d
e
,
a
n
d
W.
B.
Da
v
is,
"
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tal
p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f'
m
irac
le'
wa
ter
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
e
rs,"
Ame
ric
a
n
W
a
ter
W
o
rk
s A
ss
o
c
ia
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l.
5
0
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
1
3
7
1
-
1
3
8
5
,
1
9
5
8
.
[6
]
S
.
A.
Bru
n
s,
V.
I.
Kla
ss
e
n
,
a
n
d
A.
K.
Ko
n
sh
i
n
a
,
"
C
h
a
n
g
e
in
t
h
e
e
x
ti
n
c
ti
o
n
o
f
li
g
h
t
b
y
wa
ter
a
fter
trea
tme
n
t
in
a
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
field
,
"
K
o
l
lo
i
d
n
.
Z
h
.
,
v
o
l.
2
8
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
5
3
-
1
5
5
,
1
9
6
6
.
[7
]
R.
Ca
i,
H.
Ya
n
g
,
J.
He
,
a
n
d
W.
Z
h
u
,
"
Th
e
e
ffe
c
ts
o
f
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
field
s
o
n
wa
ter
m
o
lec
u
lar
h
y
d
ro
g
e
n
b
o
n
d
s
,
"
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
o
lec
u
l
a
r S
tr
u
c
tu
re
,
v
o
l.
9
3
8
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
5
-
1
9
,
2
0
0
9
.
[8
]
M
.
L.
M
i
k
h
e
lso
,
E.
M
.
Be
ly
a
e
v
,
a
n
d
N.
I.
Kirn
o
so
v
,
"
I
n
fl
u
e
n
c
e
o
f
u
n
i
p
o
lar
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
trea
tme
n
t
o
f
wa
ter
o
n
c
o
a
g
u
lati
o
n
o
f
a
d
u
st an
d
wa
ter a
e
ro
so
l,
"
Co
ll
o
i
d
J
.
US
S
R,
v
o
l.
3
2
,
1
9
7
0
.
[9
]
A.
Ala
b
i,
M
.
Ch
ies
a
,
C.
G
a
rli
si,
a
n
d
G
.
P
a
lmis
a
n
o
,
"
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
s
in
a
n
t
i
-
sc
a
le
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
wa
te
r
trea
tm
e
n
t,
"
En
v
iro
n
me
n
ta
l
S
c
ien
c
e
:
W
a
ter
Res
e
a
rc
h
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
4
0
8
-
4
2
5
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
0
]
J.
S
o
h
a
il
i
,
H.
S
.
S
h
i
,
B.
La
v
a
n
ia,
N.
H.
Zard
a
ri,
N.
Ah
m
a
d
,
a
n
d
S
.
K.
M
u
n
i
y
a
n
d
i,
"
Re
m
o
v
a
l
o
f
sc
a
le
d
e
p
o
siti
o
n
o
n
p
ip
e
wa
ll
s
b
y
u
sin
g
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
fiel
d
t
re
a
tme
n
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
e
ffe
c
ts
o
f
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
stre
n
g
th
,
"
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Clea
n
e
r
Pro
d
u
c
t
io
n
,
v
o
l.
1
3
9
,
p
p
.
1
3
9
3
-
1
3
9
9
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
1
]
M
.
Lat
v
a
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
S
tu
d
ies
o
n
th
e
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
wa
ter
trea
tme
n
t
in
n
e
w
p
il
o
t
sc
a
le
d
rin
k
in
g
wa
ter
sy
ste
m
a
n
d
in
o
ld
e
x
isti
n
g
re
a
l
-
li
fe
wa
ter sy
ste
m
,
"
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
W
a
ter
Pro
c
e
ss
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
9
,
p
p
.
2
1
5
-
2
2
4
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
2
]
H.
Wei,
Y.
Wa
n
g
,
a
n
d
J.
L
u
o
,
"
In
fl
u
e
n
c
e
o
f
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
wa
ter
o
n
e
a
rly
-
a
g
e
sh
ri
n
k
a
g
e
c
ra
c
k
in
g
o
f
c
o
n
c
re
te,"
Co
n
stru
c
ti
o
n
a
n
d
B
u
il
d
in
g
M
a
ter
i
a
ls,
v
o
l.
1
4
7
,
p
p
.
9
1
-
1
0
0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
3
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s:/
/www
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