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u
it
i
s
n
o
r
m
all
y
u
n
o
b
s
tr
u
cted
an
d
h
ig
h
l
y
ex
p
o
s
ed
f
r
o
m
ab
o
v
e.
W
h
ile
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
h
av
e
i
n
v
est
ig
ated
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
g
r
o
u
n
d
-
lev
el
i
m
a
g
es
to
d
etec
t
th
e
m
a
tu
r
it
y
o
f
f
r
u
i
t
[5
-
7]
,
th
ese
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
im
p
r
ac
tica
l
f
o
r
cr
o
p
y
ield
esti
m
atio
n
g
i
v
en
it
o
b
s
tr
u
cts
t
h
e
lin
e
o
f
s
i
g
h
t
f
r
o
m
o
n
e
f
r
u
it
to
th
e
n
e
x
t
[
8
]
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
t
h
i
s
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
ai
n
r
ea
s
o
n
s
f
o
r
ad
o
p
tin
g
a
U
A
V
to
esti
m
ate
t
h
e
cr
o
p
y
ield
o
f
p
in
e
ap
p
les.
I
n
o
b
tain
in
g
an
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
cr
o
p
y
ield
co
u
n
t
f
r
o
m
ae
r
ial
i
m
ag
es,
th
e
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
s
ta
g
e
m
u
s
t
b
e
r
o
b
u
s
t,
g
i
v
en
th
e
v
ar
y
i
n
g
lig
h
t
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
h
ei
g
h
t
s
i
n
ca
p
t
u
r
in
g
t
h
ese
i
m
a
g
e
s
.
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
th
e
co
lo
u
r
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
i
n
t
h
e
i
m
a
g
e
s
eg
m
en
tatio
n
p
r
o
c
ess
i
s
al
s
o
i
m
p
o
r
t
an
t,
esp
ec
ial
l
y
f
o
r
d
etec
tio
n
[
9
]
,
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
[
1
0
]
,
id
en
ti
f
icatio
n
[
1
1
,
12
]
an
d
class
i
f
icatio
n
[
1
3
]
o
f
th
e
o
b
j
ec
ts
.
P
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
,
s
e
v
er
al
co
lo
u
r
s
p
ac
es
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
w
h
ic
h
i
n
clu
d
e
R
G
B
[
1
4
]
,
YC
b
C
r
[
1
5
]
,
HSV
[
1
6
]
an
d
L
*
A*
B
*
[
1
7
]
.
Fro
m
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
s
e
co
lo
u
r
s
p
ac
es,
HSV
an
d
L
*
A*
B
*
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
h
i
g
h
l
y
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
f
o
r
th
r
esh
o
ld
in
g
an
d
to
r
ed
u
ce
n
o
is
e
[
1
8
,
19]
,
an
d
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ap
p
lied
to
d
etec
t
ap
p
le
s
,
o
r
an
g
e
s
a
n
d
b
an
a
n
a
s
g
i
v
e
n
t
h
ei
r
s
m
o
o
t
h
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
HSV
h
as
also
b
ee
n
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
to
esti
m
ate
th
e
cr
o
p
y
ield
o
f
o
r
a
n
g
e
s
,
an
d
f
o
r
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
ll
y
d
etec
t
in
g
p
ar
tiall
y
o
b
s
tr
u
c
ted
f
r
u
it
s
[
2
0
,
2
1
]
.
I
n
o
th
er
s
tu
d
ie
s
,
th
e
H
SV
co
lo
u
r
s
p
ac
e
h
as
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
alo
n
g
w
it
h
te
x
t
u
r
e
an
d
s
h
ap
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es
to
d
is
cr
i
m
i
n
ate
b
et
w
ee
n
ap
p
les,
o
r
an
g
es,
b
a
n
an
a
s
a
n
d
ch
er
r
ies
[
2
2
,
23]
.
J
ed
n
ip
at
an
d
Su
p
a
wad
ee
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
d
th
e
e
s
ti
m
atio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
u
s
in
g
co
lo
u
r
th
r
e
s
h
o
ld
i
n
g
o
f
L
*
A*
B
*
a
n
d
t
h
e
HSV
co
lo
u
r
s
p
ac
e
w
h
er
e
th
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
t
h
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
t
y
ield
ed
ex
ce
llen
t r
es
u
lt
s
[
2
4
]
.
Desp
ite
t
h
e
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
l
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
o
f
co
lo
u
r
s
p
ac
e
i
m
p
l
e
m
en
tatio
n
f
o
r
f
r
u
it
d
etec
ti
o
n
,
i
m
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
ts
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
u
n
d
er
tak
e
n
ag
ai
n
s
t
w
el
l
-
co
n
tr
asted
a
n
d
s
m
o
o
th
b
ac
k
d
r
o
p
s
[
2
5
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
e
s
ti
m
atio
n
o
f
p
in
ea
p
p
le
y
ield
s
f
r
o
m
ae
r
ial
i
m
a
g
es
p
r
esen
t
s
a
n
e
w
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
in
th
e
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
as
th
e
f
r
u
it
is
o
f
s
i
m
i
lar
co
lo
u
r
to
n
e
to
th
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
th
e
p
r
ese
n
ce
o
f
th
e
leaf
y
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
g
th
e
f
r
u
it
ad
d
s
to
th
e
tex
t
u
r
e
-
li
k
e
ele
m
e
n
t
w
h
en
v
ie
w
ed
f
r
o
m
ab
o
v
e.
Asi
d
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
i
s
,
t
h
e
ch
a
llen
g
e
al
s
o
a
r
is
es
f
r
o
m
w
ea
th
er
ele
m
e
n
ts
t
h
at
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
th
e
ill
u
m
in
atio
n
lev
el
o
n
t
h
e
f
ield
o
r
cr
o
p
ar
ea
[
2
6
,
2
7
]
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
,
a
r
o
b
u
s
t
i
m
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
a
lg
o
r
it
h
m
i
s
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
th
e
est
i
m
at
io
n
o
f
p
in
ea
p
p
le
y
ield
f
r
o
m
ae
r
ial
i
m
ag
e
s
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
in
t
h
is
f
ield
o
f
s
t
u
d
y
b
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
a
n
o
v
e
l
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
w
ar
d
s
au
to
m
atic
c
o
u
n
ti
n
g
(
A
C
)
o
f
p
in
ea
p
p
le
y
i
eld
b
y
e
m
p
lo
y
i
n
g
h
ig
h
-
q
u
ali
t
y
i
m
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
T
o
th
e
b
est o
f
t
h
e
a
u
th
o
r
’
s
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
th
i
s
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
i
s
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t o
f
it
s
k
i
n
d
to
esti
m
ate
cr
o
p
y
ield
b
y
d
etec
ti
n
g
p
in
ea
p
p
le
cr
o
w
n
s
s
in
ce
m
o
s
t
r
esear
ch
er
s
f
o
cu
s
o
n
p
in
ea
p
p
l
e
b
o
d
ies
to
d
etec
t
m
at
u
r
it
y
.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
t
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
esen
ts
a
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
s
tu
d
y
w
h
ic
h
f
o
cu
s
e
s
o
n
HSV
an
d
L
*
A
*
B
*
in
co
lo
u
r
t
h
r
es
h
o
ld
in
g
s
c
h
e
m
es
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
i
m
a
g
e
q
u
ali
t
y
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
is
a
ls
o
as
s
es
s
ed
as
er
r
o
r
s
in
d
etec
tin
g
th
e
cr
o
p
co
u
n
t f
r
o
m
i
m
a
g
e
s
a
m
p
les.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
DS
T
h
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ad
o
p
ted
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
i
n
cl
u
d
ed
d
ata
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
,
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
o
f
th
e
i
m
a
g
e
s
a
m
p
les
f
r
o
m
th
e
v
i
d
eo
,
co
m
p
ar
in
g
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
co
lo
u
r
th
r
es
h
o
ld
in
g
u
s
in
g
L
*
A*
B
an
d
HSV
co
lo
u
r
s
p
ac
es,
an
d
last
l
y
,
m
ea
s
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
u
s
in
g
r
elati
v
e
er
r
o
r
an
d
av
er
ag
e
er
r
o
r
.
A
g
e
n
er
al
o
v
er
v
ie
w
o
f
t
h
e
r
esear
c
h
m
et
h
o
d
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
2
.
1
.
Da
t
a
a
cquis
it
io
n a
nd
i
ma
g
e
ex
t
ra
ct
io
n
A
er
ial
v
ie
w
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
in
ea
p
p
les
w
er
e
ac
q
u
ir
ed
f
r
o
m
co
o
r
d
in
ate
1
º
4
8
’
5
5
.
9
”
N,
1
0
3
º
1
5
’
3
3
.
5
”
E
at
th
e
Si
m
p
a
n
g
R
e
n
g
g
a
m
p
la
n
tatio
n
i
n
t
h
e
s
tate
o
f
J
o
h
o
r
,
Ma
la
y
s
ia.
Data
w
er
e
co
llect
ed
in
Ma
r
ch
2
0
1
9
.
T
h
e
p
lan
tatio
n
co
v
er
s
a
lar
g
e
ar
ea
co
m
p
r
is
i
n
g
o
f
1
4
,
8
2
6
a
cr
es
w
h
ic
h
is
f
u
r
t
h
er
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
atel
y
6
4
4
.
1
6
b
lo
ck
s
.
E
ac
h
b
lo
ck
c
o
m
p
r
i
s
in
g
o
f
2
3
ac
r
es
is
t
h
e
n
p
ar
titi
o
n
ed
in
to
1
6
d
iv
i
s
io
n
s
:
ea
ch
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
1
.
4
4
ac
r
es
w
ith
ea
c
h
d
iv
is
io
n
co
n
s
is
ti
n
g
o
f
ar
o
u
n
d
1
1
0
lin
es
o
f
p
in
e
ap
p
les.
T
h
e
s
eg
r
eg
atio
n
o
f
th
e
ar
ea
in
to
b
lo
ck
s
,
d
i
v
is
io
n
s
an
d
li
n
es
ar
e
ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
u
lt
iv
at
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
in
ea
p
p
les
f
o
r
ea
ch
b
lo
ck
is
n
o
t
u
n
d
er
tak
en
s
i
m
u
lt
an
eo
u
s
l
y
b
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t
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u
n
d
er
tak
e
n
i
n
p
h
ases
w
h
ich
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e
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e
n
r
e
f
lecte
d
in
v
ar
y
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n
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s
tag
e
s
o
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atu
r
it
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d
u
r
in
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t
h
e
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ar
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e
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tin
g
s
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s
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n
.
Fo
r
th
i
s
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tu
d
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,
t
h
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
c
u
lti
v
ar
f
o
r
th
e
d
esig
n
ated
p
lan
tatio
n
w
a
s
N3
6
(
Kalin
g
P
in
ea
p
p
le)
.
T
h
e
MD
2
(
Milie
Dillar
d
2
P
in
ea
p
p
le)
is
cu
ltiv
ated
i
n
a
s
m
aller
ar
ea
o
f
th
e
p
lan
tat
io
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
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I
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T
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