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[
2
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3
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T
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KOM
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m
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ap
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[
4
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–
[
6
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.
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co
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ts
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ased
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tr
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[
7
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,
[
8
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m
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r
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[
9
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,
[
1
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9
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[
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ar
t
tex
tile
i
n
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
r
esp
ir
ato
r
y
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
i
n
h
u
m
a
n
s
[
1
2
]
,
h
ea
r
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
[
1
3
]
,
as
w
ell
a
s
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
a
n
d
p
r
ess
u
r
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
h
y
b
r
id
ized
w
it
h
w
o
v
en
th
er
m
o
p
last
ic
co
m
p
o
s
ite
f
ab
r
ics
[
1
4
]
.
A
l
s
o
,
n
u
m
er
ical
ex
p
er
i
m
en
ts
in
i
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
FB
G
s
e
n
s
o
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
w
id
el
y
s
t
u
d
ied
w
i
t
h
c
y
clic
o
lef
i
n
co
p
o
ly
m
er
,
o
r
ca
lled
to
o
l
f
o
r
p
ar
ticle
s
i
m
u
latio
n
(
T
OP
A
S
)
m
ater
ial,
h
a
v
i
n
g
a
h
i
g
h
er
s
e
n
s
itiv
it
y
t
h
a
n
T
er
a
f
lex
an
d
p
u
r
e
s
ilica
m
ater
ials
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
ed
ap
o
d
izatio
n
w
a
s
ab
le
to
n
ar
r
o
w
th
e
f
u
ll
-
w
a
v
e
h
al
f
m
ax
i
m
u
m
(
FW
HM
)
in
FB
G.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
r
esear
c
h
er
[
1
6
]
,
a
p
h
ase
w
it
h
s
e
v
er
al
ap
o
d
izatio
n
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
Ga
u
s
s
ian
,
s
i
n
u
s
,
n
u
ttal
,
B
lack
m
a
n
,
a
n
d
r
aised
co
s
in
e
,
i
s
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ed
f
o
r
h
ig
h
-
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
i
n
elec
tr
ic
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
.
Me
a
n
w
h
ile,
[
1
7
]
r
ep
o
r
ted
FB
G
w
it
h
n
u
tta
l
ap
o
d
izatio
n
h
a
s
a
h
i
g
h
s
en
s
iti
v
it
y
in
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
ea
s
u
r
f
ac
e
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e,
w
it
h
h
y
d
r
o
p
h
o
b
ic
p
o
l
y
m
er
-
co
ated
FB
G.
Fib
er
o
p
tical
s
en
s
o
r
b
ased
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
s
e
n
s
in
g
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
i
n
cl
u
d
es,
in
ter
f
er
o
m
etr
ic
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
,
p
h
o
to
n
ic
cr
y
s
ta
l
f
ib
er
s
en
s
o
r
s
[
2
0
]
an
d
FB
G
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
FB
G
is
o
f
ten
s
ee
n
as
a
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
o
f
an
o
p
tical
f
i
lter
i
n
g
s
eg
m
e
n
t
alo
n
g
an
o
p
tical
f
ib
er
co
r
e
d
escr
ib
in
g
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
w
a
v
ele
n
g
th
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
g
r
ati
n
g
’
s
s
h
ap
e
an
d
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
it
is
g
en
e
r
all
y
clas
s
i
f
ied
as
h
o
m
o
g
en
eo
u
s
an
d
ap
o
d
ized
.
Un
i
f
o
r
m
FB
G
is
i
n
h
er
en
tl
y
s
e
n
s
it
iv
e
to
ex
ter
n
al
s
tr
a
in
a
n
d
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
ch
a
n
g
es
,
an
d
th
is
s
e
n
s
in
g
p
r
o
p
er
ty
is
v
ie
w
ed
as
a
w
a
v
ele
n
g
th
s
h
i
f
t
i
n
th
e
s
e
n
s
i
n
g
u
n
it
’
s
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
r
ef
lectio
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
m
o
r
e
s
id
e
lo
b
es
ch
ar
ac
ter
izes
th
e
s
h
o
w
n
h
o
m
o
g
en
eo
u
s
FB
G
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
,
an
d
th
e
en
er
g
y
is
v
er
y
clo
s
e
to
t
h
e
p
ea
k
w
a
v
ele
n
g
th
.
T
h
ese
s
id
e
lo
b
es
ar
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
as
n
o
is
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
th
at
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
f
i
lter
ed
.
Usi
n
g
ap
o
d
izatio
n
an
d
FB
G
s
en
s
iti
v
it
y
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
,
th
e
o
p
tica
l
p
r
o
b
lem
s
ca
n
b
e
s
o
lv
ed
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
’
s
d
etec
tio
n
ac
cu
r
ac
y
i
s
r
ed
u
ce
d
[
1
2
]
,
[
13
]
,
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
r
esear
ch
ai
m
s
to
d
esig
n
,
s
i
m
u
late
a
n
d
an
al
y
ze
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
as
a
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
o
f
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
a
n
d
s
tr
ai
n
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
s
en
s
iti
v
e
o
n
e,
to
b
e
o
p
tim
ized
w
i
th
B
lac
k
m
an
,
Ha
m
m
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
Gau
s
s
ia
n
ap
o
d
izatio
n
s
,
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
to
r
ed
u
ce
s
id
e
l
o
b
es,
an
d
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
n
ar
r
o
w
an
d
s
en
s
iti
v
e
s
i
g
n
a
l.
T
h
e
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
f
o
r
th
e
d
eter
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
s
e
n
s
it
iv
i
t
y
ar
e
t
h
e
g
r
id
len
g
th
a
n
d
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
ap
o
d
izatio
n
w
it
h
T
OP
A
S
m
ater
ial
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
u
tili
ze
s
an
al
y
s
is
b
y
s
i
m
u
lat
in
g
t
h
e
f
ib
er
s
e
n
s
o
r
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
i
n
t
h
e
n
u
m
er
ical
ex
p
er
i
m
en
t,
an
al
y
zi
n
g
t
h
e
B
r
ag
g
w
a
v
e
p
ea
k
s
h
i
f
t
f
o
r
ea
ch
ch
a
n
g
e
i
n
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
an
d
s
tr
ain
,
an
d
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
l
y
o
p
t
i
m
izi
n
g
th
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
’
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
to
b
e
v
alid
ated
in
th
e
Op
ti
S
y
s
te
m
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
2.
T
H
E
O
R
E
T
I
CA
L
CO
NSI
DE
RATI
O
N
Op
tical
f
ib
er
is
a
lig
h
t
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
m
ed
iu
m
w
it
h
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
ca
r
r
y
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
in
v
o
ice
an
d
v
id
eo
d
ata.
I
t
w
as
f
ir
s
t
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
th
e
w
o
r
ld
o
f
telec
o
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
s
b
y
C
h
ar
le
Kao
.
I
n
ap
p
licatio
n
,
th
is
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
w
i
ll
co
n
v
er
t
an
el
ec
t
r
ical
s
ig
n
al
i
n
to
an
o
p
tical
s
ig
n
al
a
n
d
b
ac
k
in
to
a
n
elec
tr
ical
s
ig
n
al
at
t
h
e
r
ec
eiv
er
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
C
h
ar
le
Kao
also
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
lig
h
t
is
tr
a
n
s
m
itted
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
ilica
f
ib
er
s
w
it
h
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
co
n
d
u
ct
li
g
h
t
[
26
]
,
[
2
7
]
,
an
d
af
ter
t
h
e
d
is
co
v
er
y
o
f
o
p
tical
f
i
b
er
s
,
m
a
n
y
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
ts
asid
e
f
r
o
m
s
il
ica
h
av
e
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
,
ef
f
icie
n
tl
y
tr
a
n
s
m
itt
in
g
li
g
h
t,
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
g
er
m
an
iu
m
,
T
OP
A
S,
T
er
a
Flex
,
p
last
i
cs,
an
d
p
o
l
y
m
er
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
o
p
tical
f
ib
er
s
ar
e
s
u
itab
l
e
f
o
r
r
ep
lacin
g
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
c
o
u
n
ter
p
ar
ts
f
u
n
c
tio
n
i
n
g
as
p
o
w
er
ca
b
le
s
a
n
d
h
a
v
e
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
ad
v
an
tag
e
s
o
v
er
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
elec
tr
o
n
ic
ca
b
les,
m
ai
n
l
y
b
ec
a
u
s
e
th
e
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
itted
is
m
o
d
u
lated
b
y
laser
o
r
li
g
h
t
a
n
d
,
th
er
e
f
o
r
e,
d
an
g
er
o
u
s
.
A
n
o
t
h
er
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
i
s
t
h
e
r
ap
id
,
ac
cu
r
ate,
a
n
d
r
elati
v
el
y
s
tab
le
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
d
ata
to
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
ca
b
les.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
o
p
tical
f
ib
er
s
ar
e
u
s
e
f
u
l
f
o
r
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
d
at
a
ac
r
o
s
s
co
n
ti
n
en
t
s
w
it
h
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
to
elec
tr
o
m
a
g
n
etic
wav
es,
r
es
u
lti
n
g
in
n
o
w
a
v
e
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
,
r
esis
ta
n
ce
t
o
h
ig
h
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
es,
s
m
all
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
v
e
att
e
n
u
at
io
n
,
an
d
lar
g
e
b
an
d
w
id
th
[
2
8
].
I
n
a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
,
F
B
G
c
an
r
ef
l
e
ct
s
p
e
c
if
i
c
w
av
el
en
g
th
s
,
c
a
ll
e
d
B
r
a
g
g
w
av
el
en
g
th
s
,
an
d
t
r
an
s
m
it
o
th
e
r
w
av
el
en
g
th
s
d
u
e
t
o
a
g
r
a
ti
n
g
in
t
h
e
f
i
b
e
r
c
o
r
e
.
T
h
e
g
r
i
d
h
a
s
a
p
e
r
i
o
d
i
c
p
a
tt
e
r
n
,
an
d
l
ig
h
t
i
s
s
c
a
t
t
e
r
e
d
a
f
t
e
r
h
it
t
in
g
t
h
e
g
r
in
d
,
w
h
i
ch
i
s
c
al
l
e
d
th
e
B
r
a
g
g
e
f
f
e
c
t
.
B
r
a
g
g
w
av
el
en
g
th
d
e
p
e
n
d
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
p
e
r
i
o
d
a
n
d
F
B
G
g
u
i
d
in
g
p
r
o
p
e
r
t
i
e
s
,
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
r
e
f
r
a
c
ti
v
e
i
n
d
ex
i
s
f
o
r
m
u
l
at
e
d
m
a
th
em
a
ti
c
a
lly
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
(
1
)
[
2
9
]
,
[
30
].
=
2
Ʌ
(1
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
1
9
,
No
.
6
,
Decem
b
er
2021
:
1
9
8
2
-
1991
1984
Me
an
w
h
ile,
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
u
la
f
o
r
ca
lcu
lati
n
g
th
e
r
e
f
r
ac
ti
v
e
in
d
e
x
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
,
(
)
as
lo
n
g
as
FB
G,
is
o
u
tlin
ed
(
2
)
.
(
)
=
0
+
(
)
∆
(
(
2
Ʌ
)
+
(
)
)
(
2
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W
h
er
e
r
ep
r
esen
ts
p
o
s
itio
n
,
0
d
en
o
tes
th
e
i
n
itial
r
e
f
r
ac
tiv
e
i
n
d
ex
,
Ʌ
is
g
r
atin
g
p
er
io
d
,
∆
d
en
o
tes
th
e
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
in
d
e
x
m
o
d
u
latio
n
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e,
(
)
co
n
n
o
tes
th
e
ap
o
d
izatio
n
f
u
n
ct
io
n
,
a
n
d
(
)
=
2
2
/
Ʌ
is
a
ch
ir
p
f
u
n
ctio
n
w
h
er
e,
is
th
e
c
h
ir
p
p
ar
am
eter
,
a
n
d
r
ep
r
esen
ts
p
er
ip
h
er
al
v
is
ib
ili
t
y
.
I
n
(
1
)
an
d
(
2
)
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
all
y
r
elate
to
th
e
g
r
ati
n
g
v
ar
iab
l
es
f
o
r
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
(
T
)
,
s
tr
ain
(
L
)
,
a
n
d
ch
an
g
es i
n
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
(
∆
)
.
B
y
tak
in
g
m
ath
e
m
at
icall
y
,
t
h
i
s
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
is
ex
p
r
es
s
ed
in
(
3
)
.
∆
=
∆
=
(
+
)
∆
(
3
)
W
h
er
e
/
r
ep
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
s
e
n
s
iti
v
it
y
n
o
r
m
alize
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
o
d
al
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
i
n
d
ex
a
n
d
d
en
o
tes
th
e
co
ef
f
icie
n
t o
f
ch
a
n
g
e
i
n
p
h
y
s
i
ca
l le
n
g
th
,
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
p
ar
a
m
eter
.
FB
G
ac
ts
as
a
s
en
s
o
r
in
c
ases
w
h
er
e
c
h
an
g
es
i
n
p
h
y
s
ical
p
ar
am
eter
s
ca
n
s
h
i
f
t
th
e
B
r
ag
g
’
s
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
to
t
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
q
u
an
t
ities
,
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e,
s
tr
ain
,
h
y
d
r
o
s
tatic
p
r
es
s
u
r
e,
o
r
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
i
n
d
ex
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
(
3
)
[
31
].
T
h
e
B
r
ag
g
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
’
s
s
h
i
f
t
i
n
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
s
tr
ai
n
i
s
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
d
b
y
t
h
e
m
ater
ial
’
s
th
er
m
o
-
o
p
tic
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
an
d
th
er
m
al
e
x
p
an
s
io
n
.
On
e
ca
n
m
ea
s
u
r
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
p
r
ess
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r
e
s
i
m
u
ltan
eo
u
s
l
y
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
(
4
)
.
∆
=
(
+
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∆
=
(
1
∆
∆
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1
Ʌ
∆
Ʌ
∆
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(
4
)
Me
an
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h
ile,
in
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en
s
iti
v
it
y
to
s
t
r
ain
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th
e
B
r
ag
g
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
’
s
s
h
i
f
t
is
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
d
b
y
th
e
o
p
ti
ca
l
s
tr
ain
co
ef
f
icie
n
t,
P
o
is
s
o
n
r
atio
,
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
i
n
d
ex
,
an
d
t
h
er
m
al
e
x
p
an
s
io
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
t,
as s
h
o
w
n
i
n
th
e
(
5
)
.
∆
=
(
1
−
)
(
5
)
W
h
er
e
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
o
p
tical
s
tr
ain
co
ef
f
icie
n
t d
e
f
in
ed
as
(
6
)
.
=
2
2
(
12
−
(
11
+
12
)
)
(
6
)
An
d
co
n
n
o
tes t
h
e
P
o
is
s
o
n
’
s
r
atio
w
h
ile
11
an
d
12
d
en
o
tin
g
te
n
s
o
r
s
s
tr
ain
.
Natu
r
all
y
,
th
e
FB
G
s
en
s
o
r
is
h
ar
d
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
o
n
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
p
ar
am
eter
o
r
s
tr
ain
o
n
l
y
,
b
o
th
q
u
an
tit
ies ar
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
s
i
m
u
lt
an
eo
u
s
l
y
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
b
y
(
7
)
.
∆
=
∆
+
∆
+
∆
∆
∆
(
7
)
FB
G’
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
is
p
o
s
s
ib
l
y
in
cr
ea
s
ed
b
y
ap
o
d
izatio
n
,
a
tech
n
iq
u
e
w
h
er
e
u
n
f
a
v
o
r
ab
le
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ar
e
r
em
o
v
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
e
f
lecte
d
lig
h
t sp
ec
tr
u
m
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
er
e
ar
e
s
o
m
e
d
is
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es,
i
n
clu
d
in
g
t
h
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
a
m
p
lit
u
d
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
’
s
r
ef
lecti
v
it
y
p
ea
k
.
Sev
e
r
al
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ap
p
l
y
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
ap
o
d
izatio
n
,
in
c
lu
d
i
n
g
f
ilter
i
n
g
,
d
is
p
er
s
io
n
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
,
w
av
e
len
g
t
h
ad
j
u
s
t
m
e
n
t,
an
d
s
en
s
i
n
g
i
n
o
p
tical
an
d
o
p
to
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
,
as
w
ell
as
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
i
n
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
an
d
r
an
g
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
[
1
4
]
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
r
esu
lts
,
th
e
b
est
p
r
o
f
ile
ap
o
d
izatio
n
in
FB
G’
s
ac
co
u
n
t
as
a
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
s
tr
ain
s
en
s
o
r
w
a
s
th
e
Ga
u
s
s
ia
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
w
i
th
a
s
e
n
s
iti
v
it
y
o
f
14
p
m
/°
C
an
d
0
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8
1
m/
m
icr
o
s
tr
ai
n
[
1
5
].
Sev
er
al
p
r
o
f
ili
n
g
t
y
p
es a
n
d
th
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
ar
e
o
u
tli
n
ed
b
elo
w
[
28
]
:
Un
i
f
o
r
m
(
)
=
1
,
w
h
er
e
0
≤
≤
(
8
)
Gau
s
s
ia
n
f
u
n
c
tio
n
(
)
=
(
−
2
(
2
(
−
2
)
0
.
5
)
2
)
,
w
h
er
e
0
≤
≤
(
9
)
Ha
m
m
i
n
g
(
Hap
p
-
Ge
n
ze
l)
f
u
n
c
tio
n
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(
1
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,
w
h
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0
≤
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1
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A
p
o
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izatio
n
is
a
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
B
r
ag
g
g
r
ati
n
g
f
ib
er
’
s
s
e
n
s
iti
v
it
y
.
N
u
m
er
o
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
r
ep
o
r
ted
o
n
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
m
o
d
i
f
y
in
g
ap
o
d
izatio
n
[
3
2
]
,
[
3
3
]
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
N
u
ttall
-
B
lack
m
an
f
u
n
ct
io
n
’
s
ap
o
d
izatio
n
to
s
u
p
p
r
ess
t
h
e
r
ef
lectio
n
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
’
s
lo
b
e
s
id
e,
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
n
o
ap
o
d
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n
o
r
Un
i
f
o
r
m
t
y
p
e.
T
h
e
lo
b
e’
s
n
ar
r
o
w
er
s
id
e
g
i
v
e
s
th
e
FB
G
s
en
s
o
r
a
h
i
g
h
s
en
s
iti
v
it
y
.
A
s
tu
d
y
b
y
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
[
1
5
]
in
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
t
h
e
elec
tr
ic
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
’
s
h
ig
h
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e,
u
s
in
g
B
r
ag
g
g
r
ati
n
g
f
ib
er
w
it
h
p
h
a
s
e
,
s
h
o
w
ed
F
B
G
w
as
s
u
p
er
io
r
to
Sin
u
s
o
id
al
t
y
p
e
f
o
r
ea
ch
ap
o
d
izatio
n
.
I
n
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
t
h
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
s
tr
ai
n
FB
G
s
en
s
o
r
s
’
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
i
s
to
b
e
o
p
ti
m
ized
w
it
h
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
ap
o
d
izatio
n
,
g
r
ati
n
g
len
g
t
h
,
an
d
r
ef
lectio
n
p
ea
k
f
o
r
r
esp
ir
ato
r
y
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
h
u
m
a
n
s
.
3.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
O
L
O
G
Y
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
u
s
e
T
OP
A
S
m
ater
ial.
T
h
e
T
OP
A
S
(
c
y
co
elef
i
n
co
p
o
l
y
m
er
)
[
3
4
]
m
ate
r
ial
FB
G
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
i
s
d
esig
n
ed
w
it
h
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
(
th
er
m
o
-
o
p
tic
co
ef
f
icien
t
is
-
9
.
3
×1
0
-
5
°C
-
1
an
d
th
er
m
al
ex
p
an
s
io
n
i
s
6
×1
0
-
5
°C
-
1
)
an
d
q
u
an
titi
es
a
f
f
ec
tin
g
t
h
e
B
r
ag
g
g
r
atin
g
f
i
b
er
’
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
lt
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
an
o
v
er
v
ie
w
o
f
ch
a
n
g
e
s
i
n
t
h
e
B
r
ag
g
w
av
elen
g
th
to
th
e
v
ar
ied
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
(
1
0
to
5
0
m
m
g
r
atin
g
len
g
t
h
)
,
an
d
th
e
d
ata
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
FW
HM
is
to
b
e
an
al
y
ze
d
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
m
o
r
e
s
u
itab
le
s
en
s
o
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
o
p
er
ated
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n
t
h
e
Op
tiS
y
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te
m
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
S
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
t
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
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le
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,
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e
ch
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e
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i
n
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h
e
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lectio
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w
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e
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n
c
er
n
in
g
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
an
d
s
tr
ai
n
ar
e
d
ep
icted
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
FB
G
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
o
n
Op
tiS
y
s
te
m
FB
G
is
d
esig
n
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
co
r
e’
s
g
eo
m
etr
y
a
n
d
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
i
n
d
ex
o
f
t
h
e
co
r
e,
clad
d
in
g
,
an
d
g
r
atin
g
s
h
ap
e,
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
t
h
e
T
OP
A
S
m
ater
ial,
w
it
h
a
co
r
e
r
ef
r
ac
ti
v
e
i
n
d
ex
o
f
1
.
5
3
an
d
a
clad
d
in
g
r
ef
r
ac
t
iv
e
i
n
d
ex
o
f
1
.
5
2
5
[
3
4
]
,
[
3
5
]
,
ea
r
lier
d
ef
in
ed
(
d
ialo
g
b
o
x
:
s
id
e
lo
b
e
lef
t
’
s
(
S
L
L
)
,
s
id
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lo
b
e
r
ig
h
t
’
s
(
S
L
R
)
,
p
ea
k
)
as
p
ar
a
m
etr
ic
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m
p
o
n
en
t
s
.
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ter
p
as
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in
g
t
h
e
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r
ati
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g
,
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e
li
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h
t
s
o
u
r
ce
’
s
w
a
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n
g
th
is
f
ilter
ed
[
2
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
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te
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tr
an
s
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itter
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m
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la
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h
p
o
w
er
a
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d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
1
m
W
an
d
1
9
3
.
1
T
Hz,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
cir
cu
lato
r
w
i
th
a
1
5
4
9
n
m
ce
n
ter
w
a
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ele
n
g
th
.
Su
b
s
eq
u
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n
tl
y
,
th
e
cir
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lato
r
m
a
k
es
a
s
i
g
n
al
lo
o
p
w
it
h
a
1
0
m
i
n
itia
l
o
p
tical
f
ib
er
len
g
th
,
r
elate
d
to
th
e
f
ir
s
t
FB
G
d
ata
in
p
u
t
d
esig
n
as
a
te
m
p
er
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r
e
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e
n
s
o
r
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ar
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eter
a
n
d
t
h
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ec
o
n
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as
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s
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ai
n
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en
s
o
r
.
T
h
e
FB
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d
esig
n
’
s
s
ec
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d
r
ef
lectio
n
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g
n
al
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s
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h
en
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ted
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n
t
h
e
2
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p
o
w
er
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m
b
in
e
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an
d
co
n
n
ec
ted
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g
ain
to
t
h
e
ci
r
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lato
r
w
it
h
1
0
m
o
p
tical
f
ib
er
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
s
i
g
n
al
o
n
th
e
cir
cu
la
to
r
is
m
o
n
ito
r
ed
b
y
a
n
o
p
tical
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
an
a
l
y
ze
r
a
n
d
o
p
tical
p
o
w
er
m
eter
(
OP
M)
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
s
ig
n
al
s
h
i
f
t.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
1
9
,
No
.
6
,
Decem
b
er
2021
:
1
9
8
2
-
1991
1986
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
I
n
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
,
th
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
ap
o
d
izatio
n
w
as
n
u
m
er
ical
l
y
i
n
v
esti
g
a
ted
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
FB
G’
s
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
ch
a
n
g
es
i
n
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
an
d
s
tr
ain
.
T
h
e
ap
o
d
izatio
n
d
esig
n
u
s
ed
w
as
Ga
u
s
s
ian
,
T
an
h
,
Ha
m
m
in
g
,
an
d
B
lack
m
a
n
f
u
n
ct
io
n
,
w
it
h
a
c
o
r
e
r
ef
r
ac
tiv
e
i
n
d
ex
an
d
s
lee
v
e
o
f
1
.
5
3
an
d
1
.
5
2
5
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
at
a
ce
n
ter
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
o
f
1
5
4
9
n
m
w
el
l a
s
a
m
o
d
u
latio
n
in
d
e
x
p
ar
a
m
ete
r
o
f
4
×1
0
-
4
,
an
d
a
5
0
m
m
g
r
ati
n
g
le
n
g
th
.
4
.
1
.
Cha
ng
es in t
he
pea
k
w
a
v
eleng
t
h o
f
B
r
a
g
g
w
it
h
t
e
m
p
er
a
t
ure
T
h
e
B
r
ag
g
w
av
ele
n
g
t
h
is
th
e
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
o
f
r
ef
lec
tio
n
,
a
n
d
af
ter
p
ass
i
n
g
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
g
r
id
,
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
lig
h
t
i
s
co
n
ti
n
u
ed
,
w
h
i
le
t
h
e
r
e
m
ai
n
in
g
is
r
ef
l
ec
te
d
.
I
n
th
i
s
s
i
m
u
latio
n
,
t
h
e
t
h
er
m
o
o
p
tical
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
is
eq
u
al
to
th
e
t
h
er
m
a
l
e
x
p
an
s
io
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
T
OPAS
m
ater
ial.
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
c
h
an
g
e
i
n
B
r
ag
g
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
p
ea
k
o
v
er
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
s
h
if
t o
f
th
e
B
r
ag
g
w
av
e
cr
est to
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
T
h
e
Ham
m
i
n
g
an
d
Gau
s
s
ia
n
ap
o
d
izatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
ar
e
al
m
o
s
t
lin
ea
r
,
an
d
s
o
is
th
e
ch
a
n
g
e
in
p
ea
k
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
co
n
ce
r
n
i
n
g
te
m
p
e
r
atu
r
e.
A
t
2
5
°C
,
Gau
s
s
ia
n
,
T
an
h
,
an
d
Un
i
f
o
r
m
ap
o
d
izati
o
n
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
p
ea
k
w
a
v
ele
n
g
t
h
o
f
1
5
4
9
n
m
,
w
h
i
le
Ha
m
m
i
n
g
g
i
v
es
1
5
4
9
.
0
7
7
n
m
,
w
i
th
a
0
.
0
7
7
n
m
i
n
cr
ea
s
e,
an
d
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
r
esu
lt
s
ar
e
alm
o
s
t
th
e
s
a
m
e.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
ch
an
g
e
is
1
0
°C
,
th
e
ce
n
ter
w
a
v
elen
g
th
is
1
5
4
9
n
m
,
an
d
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
B
r
ag
g
w
a
v
e
len
g
th
p
ea
k
s
f
o
r
ea
ch
f
u
n
cti
o
n
h
a
v
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
FW
HM
w
i
d
th
s
.
T
h
is
,
i
n
t
u
r
n
,
af
f
ec
ts
th
e
p
ea
k
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
ea
c
h
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
ch
a
n
g
e
.
T
h
e
B
r
ag
g
w
a
v
elen
g
t
h
p
ea
l’
s
li
n
ea
r
it
y
o
v
er
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
c
h
an
g
es
f
o
r
B
lack
m
a
n
ap
o
d
izatio
n
i
s
s
m
all
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
er
ap
o
d
izatio
n
f
u
n
ct
io
n
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
B
lack
m
a
n
h
a
s
h
i
g
h
er
s
e
n
s
iti
v
i
t
y
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
o
th
er
ap
o
d
izati
o
n
f
u
n
ct
io
n
s
.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
s
e
n
s
it
iv
i
t
y
o
f
ea
c
h
ap
o
d
izatio
n
f
u
n
c
tio
n
.
Gen
er
all
y
,
t
h
e
B
r
ag
g
w
av
ele
n
g
th
’
s
p
h
ase
s
h
i
f
t
i
s
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
d
b
y
t
h
e
u
s
e
f
u
l
r
ef
r
ac
ti
v
e
i
n
d
ex
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
(
2
)
,
m
ea
n
in
g
t
h
e
ap
o
d
izatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
an
d
ch
ir
p
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
th
e
B
r
ag
g
g
r
ati
n
g
f
ib
er
s
e
n
s
o
r
’
s
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
r
e
f
r
ac
ti
v
e
i
n
d
ex
.
T
h
is
t
ak
es
a
li
n
ea
r
c
h
ir
p
f
u
n
ctio
n
an
d
tap
p
er
o
f
0
.
0
5
a
n
d
0
.
5
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
FB
G
w
it
h
an
ap
o
d
izatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
h
a
s
h
ig
h
er
s
e
n
s
itiv
it
y
th
an
U
n
i
f
o
r
m
o
n
e
w
it
h
o
u
t
a
n
ap
o
d
izatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
(
2
)
.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
est
B
r
ag
g
w
av
e’
s
p
ea
k
s
h
if
t
o
f
1
5
.
3
7
1
4
3
p
m
/°
C
w
a
s
o
b
tain
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
B
lac
k
m
an
ap
o
d
izatio
n
f
u
n
ct
io
n
,
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
Ha
m
m
i
n
g
an
d
Gau
s
s
ian
,
w
it
h
1
3
.
7
1
4
2
9
-
1
3
.
7
0
8
5
7
p
m
/
°
C
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
w
h
ile
th
e
lo
west
s
en
s
iti
v
it
y
o
f
1
2
.
4
0
5
7
1
p
m
/°
C
w
as
o
b
tain
ed
in
t
h
e
U
n
i
f
o
r
m
ap
o
d
izatio
n
,
at
a
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
2
5
°C
(
r
o
o
m
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e)
,
to
9
5
°C
,
in
i
n
cr
e
m
en
ts
o
f
10
°C
.
T
h
is
r
es
u
lt
is
m
o
r
e
s
i
g
n
i
f
ican
t
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
ep
o
r
ts
[
1
2
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
o
n
e
w
it
h
t
h
e
h
ig
h
e
s
t
s
en
s
iti
v
it
y
v
al
u
e
o
f
1
4
p
m
/°
C
is
Gau
s
s
ia
n
[
1
3
]
.
I
n
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
h
i
g
h
-
te
m
p
er
at
u
r
e
ch
an
g
es
in
w
a
v
e
cr
ests
,
FB
G
s
en
s
o
r
s
ex
h
ib
it
ed
a
s
en
s
iti
v
it
y
o
f
1
4
.
2
6
p
m
/°
C
,
at
a
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
-
50
°C
to
250
°C
,
an
d
a
1
0
m
m
d
ia
m
et
er
o
f
m
o
d
u
latio
n
r
ef
r
ac
ti
v
e
i
n
d
ex
,
as
w
ell
as
g
r
ati
n
g
len
g
t
h
.
I
n
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
,
t
h
e
B
lack
m
a
n
ap
o
d
izatio
n
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
h
o
w
ed
t
h
e
b
est p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e.
T
ab
le
1
.
Sen
s
itiv
it
y
o
f
ea
ch
ap
o
d
izatio
n
to
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
A
p
o
d
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
S
e
n
si
t
i
v
i
t
y
(
p
m/
°
C
)
G
a
u
ssi
a
n
1
3
.
7
0
8
5
7
T
a
n
h
1
2
.
4
6
4
2
9
U
n
i
f
o
r
m
1
2
.
4
0
5
7
1
H
a
mm
i
n
g
1
3
.
7
1
4
2
9
B
l
a
c
k
ma
n
1
5
.
3
7
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T
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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6930
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6
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Decem
b
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2021
:
1
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-
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