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t
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tn
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Na
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Ke
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tal
Co
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En
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g
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t
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m
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
J
ul
24
,
2
0
1
9
R
ev
is
ed
No
v
19
,
2
0
1
9
Acc
ep
ted
Dec
4
,
2
0
1
9
In
th
is
re
se
a
rc
h
,
we
p
ro
p
o
se
d
a
n
d
in
v
e
stig
a
ted
p
h
y
sic
a
l
se
c
u
rit
y
with
p
o
we
r
b
e
a
c
o
n
a
ss
isted
in
h
a
lf
-
d
u
p
lex
r
e
lay
in
g
n
e
two
r
k
s
o
v
e
r
a
Ra
y
lei
g
h
fa
d
i
n
g
c
h
a
n
n
e
l.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
e
l,
t
h
e
so
u
rc
e
(S
)
n
o
d
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
tes
with
th
e
d
e
stin
a
ti
o
n
(D)
n
o
d
e
v
ia
th
e
h
e
lp
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
in
term
e
d
iate
re
lay
(R)
n
o
d
e
.
Th
e
D
a
n
d
R
n
o
d
e
s
h
a
rv
e
st
e
n
e
rg
y
fr
o
m
th
e
p
o
we
r
b
e
a
c
o
n
(P
B)
n
o
d
e
in
th
e
p
re
se
n
c
e
o
f
a
p
a
ss
iv
e
e
a
v
e
sd
ro
p
p
e
r
(E)
n
o
d
e
.
T
h
e
n
w
e
d
e
riv
e
d
th
e
in
te
g
ra
l
fo
rm
o
f
t
h
e
sy
ste
m
o
u
ta
g
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
i
li
ty
(OP)
a
n
d
c
l
o
se
d
fo
rm
o
f
th
e
in
terc
e
p
t
p
ro
b
a
b
il
i
ty
(IP
)
.
Th
e
c
o
rre
c
tn
e
ss
o
f
th
e
a
n
a
ly
ti
c
a
l
o
f
th
e
OP
a
n
d
IP
is
v
e
rifi
e
d
b
y
th
e
M
o
n
te
Ca
rlo
sim
u
latio
n
.
Th
e
i
n
flu
e
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
m
a
in
sy
ste
m
p
a
ra
m
e
ter
s
o
n
th
e
OP
a
n
d
IP
a
lso
is
in
v
e
stig
a
ted
.
T
h
e
re
se
a
rc
h
re
su
lt
s
in
d
ica
ted
th
a
t
t
h
e
a
n
a
ly
t
ica
l
re
su
lt
s a
re
th
e
sa
m
e
a
s th
e
sim
u
latio
n
o
n
e
s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
E
n
er
g
y
h
ar
v
esti
n
g
(
E
H)
Half
-
d
u
p
lex
(
HD)
I
n
ter
ce
p
t p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
(
SP
)
Mo
n
te
ca
r
lo
s
im
u
latio
n
R
elay
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Du
y
-
Hu
n
g
Ha,
W
ir
eles
s
C
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
R
esear
ch
Gr
o
u
p
Facu
lty
o
f
E
lectr
ical
an
d
E
lectr
o
n
ics E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
T
o
n
Du
c
T
h
an
g
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
,
H
o
C
h
i M
in
h
C
ity
,
Vietn
am
.
E
m
ail:
h
ad
u
y
h
u
n
g
@
td
tu
.
ed
u
.
v
n
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
R
ad
io
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
(
R
F)
en
er
g
y
h
ar
v
esti
n
g
(
E
H)
in
th
e
wir
ele
s
s
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etwo
r
k
is
b
ec
o
m
e
a
n
o
v
el
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etwo
r
k
with
b
a
tter
y
-
lim
ited
d
ev
ices
an
d
h
a
s
attr
ac
ted
m
ass
iv
e
atten
tio
n
in
r
esear
ch
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d
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etwo
r
k
with
th
e
b
atter
y
-
lim
ited
d
ev
ices
or
d
ev
ices
an
d
wir
eless
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
wh
ich
ar
e
wo
r
k
in
g
i
n
th
e
d
an
g
er
o
u
s
co
n
d
itio
n
s
is
th
e
m
ain
in
s
id
e
h
u
m
a
n
b
o
d
ies
o
b
ject
o
f
R
F
E
H
wir
el
ess
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etwo
r
k
a
p
p
licatio
n
.
T
h
is
s
o
lu
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
th
e
m
ain
o
n
e
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
ca
r
r
y
in
g
b
o
th
en
e
r
g
y
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
E
F,
to
h
e
lp
th
e
b
atter
y
-
lim
ited
d
ev
ices
t
o
h
ar
v
est
en
er
g
y
f
o
r
in
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
to
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
.
T
h
is
tech
n
ic
is
ca
lled
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
wir
eless
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
p
o
wer
tr
an
s
f
er
(
SW
I
PT)
[
1
-
1
1
]
.
No
wad
ay
s
,
th
e
p
h
y
s
ical
lay
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
(
PLS)
in
E
H
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
r
elay
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
is
p
o
p
u
lar
l
y
s
tu
d
ied
with
co
n
s
id
er
a
b
le
in
ter
est.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
PLS
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
au
th
o
r
s
in
[
1
2
,
1
3
]
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
e
s
ec
r
et
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
d
esti
n
atio
n
n
o
d
es
with
th
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p
r
esen
ce
o
f
th
e
ea
v
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r
o
p
p
e
r
ch
an
n
el.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
cô
p
er
ativ
e
jam
m
er
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
s
ec
u
r
e
th
e
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
r
ela
y
in
g
n
et
wo
r
k
b
y
d
e
g
r
ad
in
g
th
e
ea
v
esd
r
o
p
p
er
’
s
ch
an
n
el
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
d
s
tu
d
ied
in
[
1
4
,
1
5
]
.
I
n
t
h
is
co
o
p
e
r
ativ
e
n
etwo
r
k
,
th
e
jam
m
er
n
o
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
P
h
ysica
l secu
r
ity
w
ith
p
o
w
er
b
ea
co
n
a
s
s
is
ted
in
h
a
lf
-
d
u
p
lex
…
(
P
h
u
Tr
a
n
Tin
)
1073
o
n
ly
is
u
s
ed
to
d
eg
r
ad
e
th
e
ea
v
esd
r
o
p
p
er
’
s
ch
an
n
el
b
u
t
also
is
h
elp
f
u
l
f
o
r
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
E
H
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
th
e
en
er
g
y
r
ec
eiv
er
in
th
e
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
r
elay
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
a
h
a
r
v
est
-
an
d
-
ja
m
(
HJ)
p
r
o
to
co
l
with
m
u
lti
-
r
elay
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d
m
u
lti
-
n
o
d
e
i
n
th
e
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o
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e
r
ativ
e
r
elay
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n
g
n
etwo
r
k
w
as
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
1
6
]
t
o
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
s
ec
r
ec
y
r
ate
o
f
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
h
ar
v
esti
n
g
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
.
Als
o
,
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
s
ec
u
r
e
r
e
lay
b
ea
m
-
f
o
r
m
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
f
o
r
SW
I
PT
wer
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
[
1
7
-
2
0
]
.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
an
d
in
v
esti
g
ated
p
h
y
s
ical
s
ec
u
r
it
y
with
p
o
wer
b
ea
co
n
ass
is
ted
in
h
alf
-
d
u
p
lex
r
elay
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
s
o
v
er
a
R
ay
leig
h
f
ad
in
g
ch
an
n
el.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
el,
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
(
S)
n
o
d
e
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
with
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
(
D)
n
o
d
e
v
ia
th
e
h
elp
in
g
o
f
th
e
in
ter
m
ed
iate
r
elay
(
R
)
n
o
d
e.
T
h
e
D
an
d
R
n
o
d
es
h
a
r
v
est
en
e
r
g
y
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
o
wer
b
ea
c
o
n
(
PB
)
n
o
d
e
in
t
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
a
p
ass
iv
e
E
av
e
s
d
r
o
p
p
er
(
E
)
n
o
d
e.
T
h
en
we
d
er
iv
ed
th
e
in
teg
r
al
f
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
(
OP)
an
d
clo
s
ed
f
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
in
ter
ce
p
t
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
(
I
P).
T
h
e
co
r
r
ec
tn
e
s
s
o
f
th
e
an
aly
tical
o
f
th
e
OP
an
d
I
P
is
v
er
if
ied
b
y
th
e
Mo
n
t
e
C
ar
lo
s
im
u
latio
n
.
T
h
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
th
e
m
ain
s
y
s
tem
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
n
th
e
OP
an
d
I
P
also
is
in
v
esti
g
ated
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
d
th
at
th
e
a
n
aly
tical
r
e
s
u
lts
ar
e
th
e
s
am
e
as th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
o
n
es.
2.
SYST
E
M
M
O
D
E
L
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
(
S)
n
o
d
e
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
with
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
(
D)
n
o
d
e
v
ia
th
e
h
elp
in
g
o
f
th
e
in
ter
m
ed
iate
r
elay
(
R
)
n
o
d
e.
T
h
e
D
an
d
R
n
o
d
es
h
ar
v
est
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
o
wer
b
ea
co
n
(
PB
)
n
o
d
e
in
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
a
p
ass
iv
e
E
av
esd
r
o
p
p
er
(
E
)
n
o
d
e.
Fig
u
r
e
2
d
r
aws
t
he
en
er
g
y
h
ar
v
esti
n
g
(
E
H)
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
(
I
T
)
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
el
s
y
s
tem
.
I
n
th
is
p
r
o
to
c
o
l,
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
is
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
len
g
th
T
,
wh
ich
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
th
r
ee
-
tim
e
s
lo
ts
.
I
n
th
e
f
ir
s
t
tim
e
s
lo
t
α
T
(
α
is
th
e
tim
e
s
witch
in
g
f
a
cto
r
,
0
<α
<
1
)
,
th
e
S
an
d
R
h
ar
v
est
e
n
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
th
e
PB
n
o
d
e.
I
n
t
h
e
r
em
ain
in
g
in
ter
v
als
tim
e
(
1
-
α
)
T
/
2
,
t
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
S
tr
an
s
f
er
s
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
R
,
an
d
R
tr
an
s
f
er
s
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
D
n
o
d
e
[
2
1
-
2
5
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Sy
s
tem
m
o
d
el
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
im
e
s
witch
in
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
2
.
1
.
E
nerg
y
ha
r
v
esting
ph
a
s
e
I
n
th
e
f
ir
s
t
p
h
ase,
th
e
p
o
wer
b
ea
co
n
will
s
u
p
p
l
y
th
e
en
er
g
y
f
o
r
b
o
th
S
an
d
R
n
o
d
es.
Hen
ce
,
th
e
h
ar
v
ested
en
er
g
y
a
t th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
r
elay
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
en
as,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
=
|
ℎ
|
2
(
1
)
=
|
ℎ
|
2
(
2
)
w
h
er
e
0
<
≤
1
is
en
er
g
y
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
e
f
f
icien
cy
,
P
B
is
th
e
av
er
ag
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
p
o
wer
at
th
e
p
o
wer
b
ea
co
n
,
an
d
h
BS
,
h
BR
ar
e
th
e
ch
an
n
el
g
ain
o
f
B
-
S
lin
k
,
B
-
R
lin
k
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
av
er
ag
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
p
o
wer
at
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
r
elay
n
o
d
es c
a
n
b
e
o
b
tain
e
d
f
r
o
m
(
1
)
an
d
(
2
)
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
=
(
1
−
)
/
2
=
|
ℎ
|
2
(
1
−
)
/
2
=
|
ℎ
|
2
(
3
)
=
|
ℎ
|
2
(
4
)
wh
er
e
=
2
1
−
.
2
.
2
.
I
nfo
r
m
a
t
io
n
t
ra
ns
m
is
s
i
o
n pha
s
e
I
n
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
h
ase,
th
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
r
elay
ca
n
b
e
r
e
wr
itten
as
=
ℎ
+
(
5
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
0
:
1
0
7
2
-
1
0
7
8
1074
w
h
er
e
h
SR
is
th
e
ch
an
n
el
g
ain
o
f
S
-
R
lin
k
,
x
s
is
th
e
tr
an
s
m
i
tted
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
n
r
is
ad
d
itiv
e
wh
ite
Gau
s
s
ian
n
o
is
e
(
AW
GN)
with
v
a
r
ian
ce
N
0
.
I
n
th
e
th
ir
d
p
h
ase,
th
e
r
ec
ei
v
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
t
h
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
en
b
y
=
ℎ
+
(
6
)
w
h
er
e
h
RD
is
th
e
ch
a
n
n
el
g
ain
o
f
R
-
D
lin
k
,
x
r
is
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
r
elay
a
n
d
n
d
is
(
AW
GN)
with
v
ar
ian
ce
N
0
.
Her
e,
we
co
n
s
id
er
am
p
lify
an
d
f
o
r
war
d
(
AF)
m
o
d
e
at
R
.
Hen
ce
,
th
e
am
p
lif
y
in
g
f
ac
to
r
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
en
as
=
=
√
|
ℎ
|
2
+
0
(
7
)
s
u
b
s
titu
tin
g
(
7
)
in
t
o
(
6
)
,
we
h
a
v
e
=
ℎ
=
ℎ
[
ℎ
+
]
+
=
ℎ
ℎ
⏟
+
ℎ
+
⏟
(
8
)
3.
SYST
E
M
P
E
RF
O
R
M
ANC
E
ANALY
SI
S
Fro
m
(
8
)
,
th
e
en
d
to
e
n
d
s
ig
n
a
l to
n
o
is
e
r
atio
(
SNR
)
o
f
S
-
R
-
D
lin
k
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
as
(
9
)
.
=
{
|
|
2
}
{
|
|
2
}
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
2
|
ℎ
|
2
2
0
+
0
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
0
+
0
2
(
9
)
Af
ter
d
o
in
g
s
o
m
e
alg
eb
r
a
an
d
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
ac
t th
at
N
0
<<P
R
,
th
e
(
9
)
ca
n
b
e
r
ewr
itten
as
(
1
0
)
.
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
0
+
0
|
ℎ
|
2
(
10
)
Su
b
s
titu
tin
g
(
3
)
a
n
d
(
4
)
in
to
(
1
0
)
,
th
e
SNR
ca
n
b
e
r
ef
o
r
m
u
lat
ed
as
(
1
1
)
.
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
+
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
=
+
(
11
)
W
h
er
e
=
0
,
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
,
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
.
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
e
d
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
ea
v
esd
r
o
p
p
e
r
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
en
b
y
=
ℎ
+
(
1
2
)
w
h
er
e
h
RE
is
th
e
ch
an
n
el
g
ai
n
o
f
R
-
E
lin
k
an
d
n
E
is
AW
GN
with
v
a
r
ian
ce
N
0
.
T
h
e
SNR
at
th
e
ea
v
esd
r
o
p
p
er
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
=
|
ℎ
|
2
0
(
1
3
)
s
u
b
s
titu
tin
g
(
4
)
in
t
o
(
1
3
)
,
we
h
av
e:
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
=
(
14
)
W
h
er
e
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
L
em
m
a
1
.
Please
n
o
te
t
h
at
all
ch
an
n
el
ar
e
th
e
R
ay
leig
h
f
ad
in
g
ch
a
n
n
els,
s
o
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
d
en
s
ity
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
PDF)
o
f
|
ℎ
|
2
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
e
n
b
y
:
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
=
−
(
1
5
)
wh
er
e
∈
(
,
,
,
,
)
.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
th
e
cu
m
u
l
ativ
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
C
DF)
o
f
|
ℎ
|
2
also
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
=
1
−
−
(
1
6
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
P
h
ysica
l secu
r
ity
w
ith
p
o
w
er
b
ea
co
n
a
s
s
is
ted
in
h
a
lf
-
d
u
p
lex
…
(
P
h
u
Tr
a
n
Tin
)
1075
wh
er
e
is
th
e
m
ea
n
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
ex
p
o
n
e
n
tial r
an
d
o
m
v
a
r
iab
le
|
ℎ
|
2
.
L
em
m
a
2
.
T
h
e
C
DF o
f
an
d
Y
ca
n
b
e
co
m
p
u
ted
as r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
(
)
=
∫
|
ℎ
|
2
(
|
ℎ
|
2
|
|
ℎ
|
2
=
)
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
∞
0
(
1
7
)
(
)
=
∫
|
ℎ
|
2
(
|
ℎ
|
2
|
|
ℎ
|
2
=
)
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
∞
0
(
18
)
u
tili
zin
g
th
e
r
esu
lt in
[
2
6
]
,
th
e
C
DF o
f
X
an
d
Y
ca
n
b
e
s
h
o
w
n
as th
e
b
elo
w
eq
u
atio
n
,
r
esp
e
ctiv
ely
(
)
=
1
−
2
√
1
(
2
√
)
(
19
)
(
)
=
1
−
2
√
1
(
2
√
)
(
20
)
wh
er
e
(
•
)
is
th
e
m
o
d
if
ie
d
B
ess
el
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
k
in
d
a
n
d
v
th
o
r
d
er
.
Fro
m
(
2
1
)
an
d
(
2
2
)
,
th
e
PDF
o
f
X
an
d
Y
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
as,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
af
ter
ap
p
ly
in
g
th
e
f
o
r
m
u
la
(
)
=
−
−
1
(
)
−
(
)
(
)
=
(
)
=
2
√
0
(
2
√
)
(
21
)
(
)
=
(
)
=
2
√
0
(
2
√
)
(
2
2
)
3
.
1
.
O
ut
a
g
e
pro
ba
bil
it
y
(
O
P
)
T
h
e
OP o
f
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
e
n
as
=
(
<
ℎ
)
(
23
)
w
h
er
e
ℎ
=
2
2
−
1
is
th
e
th
r
esh
o
ld
o
f
s
y
s
t
em
an
d
R
is
s
o
u
r
ce
r
ate.
Su
b
s
titu
tin
g
(
1
1
)
in
to
(
2
3
)
,
we
h
a
v
e
=
(
+
<
ℎ
)
=
(
[
−
ℎ
]
<
ℎ
)
=
{
(
<
ℎ
−
ℎ
)
,
>
ℎ
1
,
≤
ℎ
=
∫
(
)
ℎ
0
+
∫
∞
ℎ
(
ℎ
−
ℎ
|
=
)
×
(
)
(
2
4
)
Ap
p
ly
in
g
(
1
9
-
2
2
)
,
(
2
4
)
ca
n
b
e
r
ewr
itten
as
(
2
5
)
.
=
∫
2
√
0
(
2
√
)
∞
0
−
4
∫
√
[
ℎ
−
ℎ
]
×
0
(
2
√
)
1
(
2
√
[
ℎ
−
ℎ
]
)
∞
ℎ
(
25
)
B
y
ch
an
g
in
g
th
e
v
a
r
iab
le
f
o
r
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t te
r
m
o
f
(
2
5
)
:
=
2
√
.
=
1
√
∫
×
0
(
)
∞
0
−
4
∫
√
[
ℎ
−
ℎ
]
×
0
(
2
√
)
1
(
2
√
[
ℎ
−
ℎ
]
)
∞
ℎ
(
26
)
Ap
p
ly
(
6
.
5
6
1
,
1
6
)
o
f
th
e
tab
le
o
f
i
n
teg
r
al,
(
2
6
)
ca
n
b
e
r
ef
o
r
m
u
lated
as
=
1
√
−
4
∫
√
[
ℎ
−
ℎ
]
×
0
(
2
√
)
1
(
2
√
[
ℎ
−
ℎ
]
)
∞
ℎ
(
2
7
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
0
:
1
0
7
2
-
1
0
7
8
1076
3
.
2
.
I
nte
rc
ept
pro
ba
bil
it
y
(
I
P
)
T
h
e
I
P c
an
b
e
d
ef
in
e
d
b
y
=
(
≥
ℎ
)
(
2
8
)
s
u
b
s
titu
tin
g
(
1
4
)
i
n
to
(
2
8
)
a
n
d
th
en
ap
p
l
y
in
g
f
o
r
m
u
las in
(
1
9
)
o
r
(
2
0
)
,
f
in
ally
we
h
a
v
e:
=
(
≥
ℎ
)
=
1
−
(
<
ℎ
)
=
2
√
ℎ
×
1
(
2
√
ℎ
)
(
2
9
)
4.
NUM
E
RIC
AL
R
E
SU
L
T
S A
ND
DIS
C
USS
I
O
N
T
h
e
in
f
l
u
en
ce
o
f
η
o
n
th
e
OP a
n
d
I
P
is
p
lo
tted
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
4
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
v
alu
es
o
f
ψ.
Her
e
we
s
et
α
=
0
.
5
,
R
=
0
.
5
b
p
s
/
Hz
an
d
ψ
=
1
,
5
,
1
0
d
B
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
o
n
e
ca
n
s
ee
f
r
o
m
t
h
ese
r
esu
lts
is
th
at
th
e
an
aly
tical
m
atch
v
er
y
well
wi
th
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
6
illu
s
tr
ated
th
e
o
p
tim
al
s
witch
in
g
tim
e
s
y
s
tem
O
P
an
d
I
P
v
er
s
u
s
ψ
f
o
r
η
=
0
.
8
,
R
=
0
.
5
b
p
s
/Hz,
an
d
α
=
0
.
2
5
,
0
.
5
,
0
.
8
5
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
I
t sh
o
u
ld
b
e
p
o
in
te
d
o
u
t th
at
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
an
d
a
n
aly
tical
r
esu
lts
ar
e
th
e
s
am
e.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
I
P
v
er
s
u
s
η
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
OP v
er
s
u
s
η
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
P
h
ysica
l secu
r
ity
w
ith
p
o
w
er
b
ea
co
n
a
s
s
is
ted
in
h
a
lf
-
d
u
p
lex
…
(
P
h
u
Tr
a
n
Tin
)
1077
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
I
P
v
er
s
u
s
ψ
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
OP v
er
s
u
s
ψ
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
d
in
v
esti
g
ated
p
h
y
s
ical
s
ec
u
r
ity
with
p
o
wer
b
ea
co
n
ass
is
te
d
in
h
alf
-
d
u
p
lex
r
elay
i
n
g
n
etwo
r
k
s
o
v
e
r
a
R
ay
leig
h
f
ad
in
g
ch
an
n
el.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
el,
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
(
S)
n
o
d
e
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
with
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
(
D)
n
o
d
e
v
ia
th
e
h
elp
in
g
o
f
th
e
in
ter
m
e
d
iate
r
elay
(
R
)
n
o
d
e.
T
h
e
D
a
n
d
R
n
o
d
es
h
a
r
v
est
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
o
wer
b
ea
c
o
n
(
PB
)
n
o
d
e
in
th
e
p
r
esen
c
e
o
f
a
p
ass
iv
e
E
av
esd
r
o
p
p
er
(
E
)
n
o
d
e
.
T
h
en
we
d
er
iv
ed
th
e
in
teg
r
al
f
o
r
m
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
(
OP)
an
d
clo
s
ed
f
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
i
n
ter
ce
p
t
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
(
I
P).
T
h
e
co
r
r
ec
tn
ess
o
f
th
e
an
aly
tical
o
f
th
e
OP
an
d
I
P
is
v
er
if
ied
b
y
th
e
Mo
n
te
C
ar
lo
s
im
u
latio
n
.
T
h
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
th
e
m
ain
s
y
s
tem
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
n
th
e
OP
an
d
I
P
also
is
in
v
esti
g
ated
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
d
th
at
th
e
a
n
aly
tical
r
e
s
u
lts
ar
e
th
e
s
am
e
as th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
o
n
es.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
M
E
N
T
S
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
was
s
u
p
p
o
r
te
d
b
y
Natio
n
al
Key
L
ab
o
r
a
to
r
y
o
f
Dig
ital
C
o
n
tr
o
l
a
n
d
Sy
s
tem
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
(
DC
SEL
AB
)
,
HC
MU
T
,
VNU
-
HC
M,
Vietn
am
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
0
:
1
0
7
2
-
1
0
7
8
1078
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Bi,
S
.
,
H
o
,
C.
K.
,
a
n
d
Zh
a
n
g
,
R.
,
“
Wi
re
les
s
p
o
we
re
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
:
Op
p
o
r
tu
n
it
ies
a
n
d
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s
,”
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s M
a
g
a
zin
e
,
v
o
l.
5
3
,
p
p
.
1
1
7
-
1
2
5
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
]
Niy
a
to
,
D.
,
Kim
,
D.
I.
,
M
a
so
,
M
.
,
a
n
d
Ha
n
,
Z.
,
“
Wi
re
les
s
P
o
we
re
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Ne
two
r
k
s:
Re
se
a
rc
h
Dire
c
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ica
l
A
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
e
s
,”
IEE
E
W
ire
les
s Co
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
s
,
pp.
2
-
11
,
2
0
1
7
.
[3
]
Yu
,
H.,
Lee
,
H.,
a
n
d
Je
o
n
,
H.
,
“
Wh
a
t
is
5
G
?
Eme
rg
in
g
5
G
M
o
b
il
e
S
e
rv
ice
s
a
n
d
Ne
two
r
k
Re
q
u
irem
e
n
ts
,”
S
u
sta
in
a
b
il
it
y
,
v
o
l.
9,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
.
1
8
4
8
-
1
8
6
9
,
2
0
1
7
.
[4
]
Du
a
rte,
M
e
li
ss
a
,
Ch
ris
Dic
k
,
a
n
d
As
h
u
to
sh
S
a
b
h
a
rwa
l
,
“
Ex
p
e
rime
n
t
-
Driv
e
n
Ch
a
ra
c
teriz
a
ti
o
n
o
f
F
u
ll
-
D
u
p
le
x
Wi
re
les
s S
y
ste
m
s
,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
W
ire
les
s Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
p
p
.
4
2
9
6
-
3
0
7
,
2
0
1
2
.
[5
]
Lee
,
W.
C.
Y.
,
“
Th
e
M
o
st
S
p
e
c
tr
u
m
-
e
fficie
n
t
Du
p
lex
i
n
g
S
y
ste
m
:
CDD
,”
IEE
E
C
o
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s
M
a
g
a
zi
n
e
,
v
o
l.
4
0
,
p
p
.
1
63
-
66
,
2
0
1
2
.
[6
]
Wan
g
,
Ch
e
n
g
-
Xia
n
g
,
F
o
u
ra
t
Ha
id
e
r,
Xiq
i
G
a
o
,
Xia
o
-
Hu
Y
o
u
,
Ya
n
g
Ya
n
g
,
Do
n
g
fe
n
g
Yu
a
n
,
Ha
d
i
Ag
g
o
u
n
e
,
Ha
ra
ld
Ha
a
s,
S
imo
n
F
letc
h
e
r,
a
n
d
Er
o
l
He
p
sa
y
d
ir
,
“
Ce
ll
u
lar
Arc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
a
n
d
Ke
y
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
5
G
Wi
re
les
s
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Ne
two
rk
s
,”
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
M
a
g
a
zi
n
e
,
v
o
l
.
5
2
,
p
p
.
1
2
2
-
1
3
0
,
2
0
1
4
.
[7
]
Din
g
,
Z
h
i
g
u
o
,
P
i
n
g
z
h
i
F
a
n
,
a
n
d
H.
Vin
c
e
n
t
P
o
o
r
,
“
Im
p
a
c
t
o
f
Us
e
r
P
a
iri
n
g
o
n
5
G
No
n
o
rt
h
o
g
o
n
a
l
M
u
lt
i
p
le
-
Ac
c
e
ss
Do
wn
li
n
k
Tra
n
sm
issio
n
s
,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Veh
icu
la
r T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
v
o
l.
6
5
,
n
o
.
8
,
2
0
1
6
.
[8
]
Tan
N.
N
g
u
y
e
n
,
T.
H.Q.
M
in
h
,
P
h
u
o
n
g
T.
Tran
,
M
ir
o
sla
v
V
o
z
n
a
k
,
T
.
T.
D
u
y
,
T
h
a
n
h
-
Lo
n
g
N
g
u
y
e
n
a
n
d
P
h
u
Tran
Ti
n
,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
En
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
fo
r
E
n
e
rg
y
Ha
rv
e
stin
g
Ba
se
d
Two
-
Way
Re
lay
P
ro
to
c
o
ls
in
Wi
re
les
s
Ad
-
h
o
c
Ne
two
rk
s with
P
a
rti
a
l
a
n
d
F
u
ll
R
e
lay
S
e
lec
ti
o
n
M
e
th
o
d
s
,”
A
d
h
o
c
n
e
two
rk
s
,
v
o
l.
8
4
,
p
p
.
1
7
8
-
1
8
7
,
2
0
1
9
.
[9
]
Tan
N.
N
g
u
y
e
n
,
T.
H.Q.
M
i
n
h
,
P
h
u
o
n
g
T
.
Tra
n
,
a
n
d
M
iro
sla
v
Vo
z
n
a
k
,
“
E
n
e
rg
y
Ha
rv
e
stin
g
o
v
e
r
Ricia
n
F
a
d
in
g
Ch
a
n
n
e
l:
A
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
An
a
l
y
si
s
fo
r
Ha
lf
-
Du
p
le
x
Bi
d
irec
ti
o
n
a
l
S
e
n
so
r
Ne
tw
o
rk
s
u
n
d
e
r
Ha
rd
wa
r
e
Im
p
a
irme
n
ts
,”
S
e
n
so
rs
,
v
o
l
.
18
,
n
o
.
6
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
0
]
Tan
N.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
T.
H.Q.
M
in
h
,
P
h
u
o
n
g
T.
Tran
,
a
n
d
M
ir
o
sla
v
Vo
z
n
a
k
,
“
Ad
a
p
ti
v
e
En
e
rg
y
Ha
rv
e
stin
g
Re
lay
i
n
g
P
ro
to
c
o
l
fo
r
Two
-
Wa
y
Ha
lf
Du
p
lex
S
y
ste
m
Ne
two
rk
o
v
e
r
Ricia
n
F
a
d
in
g
Ch
a
n
n
e
l
,”
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
s
a
n
d
M
o
b
il
e
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
v
o
l.
2
0
1
8
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
1
]
Bh
a
tn
a
g
a
r,
M
.
R.
,
“
On
th
e
Ca
p
a
c
it
y
o
f
De
c
o
d
e
-
a
n
d
-
F
o
rwa
rd
Re
lay
in
g
o
v
e
r
Ricia
n
F
a
d
i
n
g
C
h
a
n
n
e
ls
,”
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s L
e
tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
p
p
.
1
1
0
0
-
1
1
0
3
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
2
]
S
a
lem
,
Ab
d
e
l
h
a
m
id
,
Kh
a
iri
As
h
o
u
r
Ha
m
d
i,
a
n
d
Kh
a
led
M
.
Ra
b
ie
,
“
P
h
y
sic
a
l
Lay
e
r
S
e
c
u
ri
ty
w
it
h
R
F
E
n
e
rg
y
Ha
rv
e
stin
g
i
n
AF
M
u
lt
i
-
A
n
ten
n
a
Re
lay
in
g
Ne
two
r
k
s
,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
C
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
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4
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o
.
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,
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3
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5
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8
,
2
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[1
3
]
Wy
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.
D.
,
“
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[1
4
]
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a
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o
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m
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5
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Ru
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[1
7
]
Li
,
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[1
8
]
Din
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,
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9
]
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0
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2
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3
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[2
4
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.
[2
5
]
A.
F
.
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ra
b
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to
,
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1
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[2
6
]
C.
Zh
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n
g
,
S
.
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n
,
K.
-
K.
W
o
n
g
,
a
n
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.
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,
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Erg
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In
fo
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ly
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6
,
p
p
.
1
7
5
4
–
1
7
6
3
,
2
0
1
1
.
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