T
E
L
KO
M
N
I
KA
T
e
lec
om
m
u
n
icat
ion
,
Com
p
u
t
i
n
g,
E
lec
t
r
on
ics
an
d
Cont
r
ol
Vol.
18
,
No.
3
,
J
une
2020
,
pp.
12
4
3
~
125
1
I
S
S
N:
1693
-
6930
,
a
c
c
r
e
dit
e
d
F
ir
s
t
G
r
a
de
by
Ke
me
nr
is
tekdikti
,
De
c
r
e
e
No:
21/E
/KP
T
/2018
DO
I
:
10.
12928/
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
.
v18i3.
14869
1243
Jou
r
n
al
h
omepage
:
ht
tp:
//
jour
nal.
uad
.
ac
.
id/
index
.
php/T
E
L
K
OM
N
I
K
A
S
m
ar
t
p
a
r
k
i
n
g m
an
ag
e
m
e
n
t
syste
m
u
si
n
g S
S
GA M
QT
T
an
d
r
e
al
-
t
ime
d
a
t
ab
as
e
P
u
t
r
i
S
an
d
ik
a
Ju
wit
a
,
Radya
F
a
d
h
il
,
T
r
i
Nopi
a
n
i
Dam
ayan
t
i,
Dadan
N
u
r
Ram
ad
an
Sch
o
o
l
o
f
A
p
p
l
i
ed
Sci
e
n
ce,
T
el
k
o
m
U
n
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
,
In
d
o
n
es
i
a
Ar
t
icle
I
n
f
o
AB
S
T
RA
CT
A
r
ti
c
le
h
is
tor
y
:
R
e
c
e
ived
Aug
14
,
2019
R
e
vis
e
d
J
a
n
17
,
2020
Ac
c
e
pted
F
e
b
23
,
2020
Smart
p
ark
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
em
as
a
p
ar
t
o
f
s
mart
ci
t
y
d
ev
e
l
o
p
men
t
h
a
s
b
een
w
i
d
e
l
y
p
ro
p
o
s
ed
w
i
t
h
s
ev
era
l
res
earch
.
In
t
h
i
s
res
earch
,
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
a
s
y
s
t
em
o
f
p
ark
i
n
g
man
ag
eme
n
t
ap
p
l
i
ca
t
i
o
n
t
h
at
fu
n
ct
i
o
n
s
t
o
mo
n
i
t
o
r
an
d
co
n
t
r
o
l
t
h
e
l
o
cat
i
o
n
o
f
p
ar
k
i
n
g
s
l
o
t
t
h
a
t
can
b
e
u
s
ed
b
y
t
h
e
p
ar
k
i
n
g
ma
n
ag
eme
n
t
a
n
d
p
ark
i
n
g
u
s
ers
.
T
h
e
w
eb
ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
co
n
n
ect
e
d
t
o
u
l
t
ra
s
o
n
i
c
s
en
s
o
r
an
d
G
PS
u
s
i
n
g
M
Q
T
T
p
r
o
t
o
co
l
an
d
rea
l
-
t
i
me
d
a
t
ab
a
s
e.
T
h
e
r
es
earch
u
s
e
d
mo
d
i
f
y
al
g
o
ri
t
h
m
o
f
t
h
e
SSG
A
,
t
o
o
p
t
i
m
i
ze
t
h
e
al
l
o
ca
t
i
o
n
o
f
e
mp
t
y
p
ar
k
i
n
g
s
l
o
t
an
d
MQ
T
T
p
r
o
t
o
co
l
t
o
o
b
t
a
i
n
t
h
e
fas
t
er
res
p
o
n
s
e
t
i
me
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
t
em
w
h
e
n
man
y
u
s
er
s
are
acces
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
w
e
b
s
i
t
e
ap
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
.
T
h
e
res
u
l
t
s
o
b
t
a
i
n
a
v
ari
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
s
en
d
i
n
g
d
e
l
ay
s
fro
m
t
h
e
c
l
i
e
n
t
p
u
b
l
i
s
h
t
o
fi
reb
a
s
e
at
4
s
eco
n
d
s
.
Mean
w
h
i
l
e,
fo
r
t
h
e
s
e
n
d
i
n
g
d
e
l
ay
fr
o
m
t
h
e
b
r
o
k
e
r
t
o
fi
re
b
as
e
t
h
e
v
ar
i
at
i
o
n
w
a
s
at
2
s
eco
n
d
s
fo
r
each
t
i
me
o
f
d
at
a
s
e
n
d
i
n
g
.
K
e
y
w
o
r
d
s
:
F
ir
e
ba
s
e
M
QT
T
S
mar
t
p
a
r
king
W
e
bs
it
e
Th
i
s
i
s
a
n
o
p
en
a
c
ces
s
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
u
n
d
e
r
t
h
e
CC
B
Y
-
SA
l
i
ce
n
s
e
.
C
or
r
e
s
pon
din
g
A
u
th
or
:
P
utr
i
S
a
ndika
J
uwita
,
S
c
hool
of
Appl
ied
S
c
ienc
e
,
T
e
lkom
Unive
r
s
it
y,
T
e
lekomunikas
i
S
t.
,
B
a
ndung
(
40257
)
,
W
e
s
t
J
a
va
,
I
ndone
s
ia
.
E
mail:
put
r
is
a
ndika02@gma
il
.
c
om
1.
I
NT
RODU
C
T
I
ON
T
he
us
e
of
c
a
r
s
a
s
the
tr
a
ns
por
tation
mode
ha
s
be
e
n
s
omething
c
omm
on
-
pa
r
ti
c
ular
ly
in
ur
ba
n
a
r
e
a
s
.
T
his
f
a
c
t
then
de
mands
a
mo
r
e
incr
e
a
s
ing
n
e
e
d
f
or
pa
r
king
a
r
e
a
e
s
pe
c
ially
in
the
publi
c
s
e
r
vi
c
e
a
r
e
a
s
s
uc
h
a
s
of
f
ice
s
,
s
hopping
c
e
ntr
e
s
,
hos
pit
a
ls
a
nd
playg
r
ounds
.
Now
,
the
number
of
pa
r
king
s
pa
c
e
s
is
not
ba
lanc
e
d
with
the
number
of
us
e
r
s
a
nd
thi
s
h
a
s
made
the
dr
iver
s
f
r
e
que
ntl
y
f
ind
it
dif
f
icult
to
f
ind
the
a
va
il
a
bil
it
y
o
f
c
om
f
or
table
a
nd
s
a
f
e
pa
r
k
ing
s
pa
c
e
e
it
he
r
in
s
hopping
c
e
ntr
e
or
in
of
f
ice
a
r
e
a
s
[
1
-
3]
.
T
his
is
s
ue
indi
r
e
c
tl
y
no
t
only
c
a
n
c
ons
ume
mor
e
ti
mes
bu
t
a
ls
o
mi
ght
c
r
e
a
te
a
tr
a
f
f
ic
jam
jus
t
to
f
ind
the
e
mpt
y
pa
r
king
s
pa
c
e
[
4
,
5
]
.
T
o
c
ope
with
the
is
s
ue
,
the
pa
r
king
mana
ge
ment
c
omm
only
will
he
lp
the
us
e
r
s
by
manua
ll
y
g
ivi
ng
the
in
f
or
mation
a
bo
ut
the
a
va
il
a
ble
pa
r
king
a
r
e
a
s
.
I
n
f
a
c
t
,
th
is
metho
d
s
ti
ll
is
unhe
lpf
ul
much
a
s
the
us
e
r
s
of
pa
r
king
a
r
e
a
s
ti
ll
f
ind
it
dif
f
icult
to
s
e
e
k
the
e
mpt
y
pa
r
king
a
r
e
a
.
He
nc
e
,
the
idea
on
how
to
c
r
e
a
te
a
s
ys
tem
that
c
a
n
r
a
pidl
y
a
nd
e
f
f
icie
ntl
y
s
e
e
k
the
e
mpt
y
pa
r
ki
ng
a
r
e
f
o
r
th
e
dr
iver
s
is
de
e
med
ne
c
e
s
s
a
r
y.
I
n
r
e
c
e
nt
ye
a
r
s
,
many
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
he
s
ha
ve
be
e
n
de
ve
l
ope
d
to
he
lp
the
mana
ge
ment
of
pa
r
king
s
ys
tem
mor
e
e
f
f
icie
ntl
y
c
ompar
e
d
to
a
manua
l
mana
ge
ment.
T
he
ult
r
a
s
onic
s
e
ns
or
to
r
e
c
ognize
a
pa
r
king
a
r
e
a
ba
s
e
d
upon
the
dis
tanc
e
of
int
e
r
c
a
r
s
ha
s
be
e
n
c
onduc
ted
[
6
,
7]
or
it
us
e
s
the
R
F
I
D
[
8
-
1
3]
.
How
e
ve
r
,
t
he
s
e
ns
or
r
e
quir
e
s
mor
e
t
im
e
s
to
in
f
or
m
the
us
e
r
s
a
bout
t
he
a
va
il
a
bil
it
y
of
pa
r
king
a
r
e
a
.
I
oT
tec
hnology
ha
s
be
e
n
wide
ly
us
e
d
to
s
uppor
t
the
mana
ge
ment
o
f
s
mar
t
c
it
y
in
a
ny
s
e
c
tor
s
[
14
,
15]
,
I
oT
f
o
r
s
mar
t
g
r
i
d
[
16
-
19]
.
T
he
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
he
s
in
[
20
-
22]
ha
ve
dis
c
us
s
e
d
a
bout
the
plac
e
ment
of
I
oT
modul
e
s
to
mana
ge
the
a
va
il
a
ble
pa
r
king
s
pa
c
e
s
.
T
he
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
[
23]
pr
opos
e
d
a
s
mar
t
pa
r
king
s
ys
tem
us
ing
wir
e
les
s
s
e
ns
or
in
th
e
f
or
m
of
bluet
ooth
low
e
ne
r
gy
(
B
L
E
)
,
un
f
or
tunate
ly
thi
s
s
ys
tem
did
not
dis
play
a
ny
de
tailed
inf
or
mati
on
a
bout
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
,
Vol.
18
,
No
.
3
,
J
une
2020:
124
3
-
125
1
1244
the
a
va
il
a
ble
pa
r
king
s
lot
s
.
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
by
[
24]
ha
s
pr
opos
e
d
the
us
e
of
I
oT
tec
hnology
us
ing
the
u
lt
r
a
s
onic
s
e
ns
or
a
nd
c
a
mer
a
to
s
e
nd
the
a
v
a
il
a
bil
it
y
of
e
mpt
y
p
a
r
king
s
pa
c
e
to
the
inf
or
mation
c
e
ntr
e
of
R
E
S
T
f
ul
that
c
a
n
a
c
c
e
s
s
by
the
pa
r
k
ing
us
e
r
s
.
I
n
the
R
E
S
T
f
ul
we
b
the
da
ta
c
omm
unica
ti
on
us
e
d
is
ba
s
e
d
on
th
e
HT
T
P
pr
otocol
in
whic
h
,
whe
n
ther
e
a
r
e
many
us
e
r
s
ne
e
ding
the
inf
or
mation
o
f
e
mpt
y
pa
r
king
s
pa
c
e
s
,
t
he
ti
me
r
e
s
pons
e
of
R
E
S
T
f
ul
s
ys
tem
will
be
s
lowe
r
.
B
a
s
e
d
on
the
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
that
ha
s
be
e
n
p
r
e
vious
ly
p
r
e
s
e
nted,
ther
e
is
a
ne
e
d
f
o
r
a
f
ur
the
r
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
on
the
p
r
otocol
s
ys
tem
that
is
c
a
pa
ble
of
c
oping
with
the
s
low
r
e
s
pons
e
of
the
s
ys
tem
in
the
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on
o
f
s
mar
t
pa
r
king
ma
na
ge
ment.
One
o
f
the
idea
s
that
c
a
n
be
p
r
opos
e
d
is
a
pply
a
mes
s
a
ge
que
ue
tele
metr
y
tr
a
ns
por
t
(
M
QT
T
)
p
r
otocol
to
c
omm
un
ica
ti
on
of
the
da
ta
of
the
s
mar
t
pa
r
king
s
ys
tem,
it
is
a
br
oke
r
-
ba
s
e
d
mes
s
a
ging
pr
otocol
f
or
publi
s
h
o
r
s
ubs
c
r
ibe
inf
o
r
mation
[
25
-
28]
,
M
QT
T
is
a
li
ghtwe
ight
mes
s
a
ging
pr
otocol,
s
im
ple
de
s
igned
a
nd
s
tr
a
ight
f
o
r
wa
r
d
to
im
pleme
ntation
.
T
his
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
p
r
opos
e
d
a
n
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on
of
s
mar
t
pa
r
king
mana
ge
ment
s
ys
tem
us
ing
M
QT
T
pr
otocol
with
the
r
e
a
l
-
ti
me
da
taba
s
e
with
s
tea
dy
s
tate
ge
ne
ti
c
a
lgor
it
hm
(
S
S
GA
)
.
T
he
s
ys
tem
pr
ovided
the
de
tailed
inf
or
mation
r
e
late
d
to
mon
it
or
ing
a
nd
c
ontr
ol
li
ng
of
pa
r
king
loca
ti
on
a
nd
e
mpt
y
pa
r
king
s
lot
,
S
S
GA
us
e
d
to
opti
mi
z
e
the
a
ll
oc
a
ti
on
of
the
e
mpt
y
pa
r
king
s
lot
.
M
QT
T
p
r
otocol
is
us
e
d
to
mor
e
r
a
pidl
y
ob
tain
the
r
e
s
pons
e
of
the
s
ys
tem
ti
me
whe
n
many
us
e
r
s
a
r
e
a
c
c
e
s
s
ing
the
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on
we
bs
it
e
with
a
low
powe
r
c
ons
u
mpt
ion
a
nd
low
ba
ndwidth
us
a
ge
.
T
he
a
dva
ntage
of
the
pr
opo
s
e
d
s
ys
tem
is
that
it
us
e
s
a
r
e
a
l
-
ti
me
da
taba
s
e
via
a
global
pos
it
ioni
ng
s
ys
tem
(
GPS
)
modul
e
c
onne
c
ted
to
the
R
a
s
pbe
r
r
y
P
i.
2.
RE
S
E
AR
CH
M
E
T
HO
D
2.
1.
S
ys
t
e
m
d
e
s
ign
F
igur
e
1
il
lus
tr
a
tes
the
de
s
ign
of
t
he
pr
opos
e
d
s
ys
tem
c
ons
is
ti
ng
of
thr
e
e
blocks
of
s
ys
t
e
m
pa
r
ts
:
c
li
e
nt
publi
s
h
block,
br
oke
r
M
QT
T
block
a
nd
we
bs
it
e
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on.
T
he
block
of
c
li
e
nt
publi
s
h
us
e
d
the
ult
r
a
s
onic
s
e
ns
or
by
mea
ns
of
the
pr
inciples
of
c
onti
nuous
ly
e
mi
tt
ing
a
n
ult
r
a
s
onic
s
ound
w
a
ve
that
would
be
r
e
f
lec
ted
by
a
n
objec
t
in
f
r
ont
o
f
it
a
n
d
r
e
c
e
ived
by
the
r
e
c
e
iver
[
29]
.
Ul
tr
a
s
onic
s
e
ns
or
in
thi
s
s
ys
tem
f
unc
ti
one
d
to
de
tec
t
pa
r
king
s
lot
e
ve
r
y
60
ms
a
nd
would
s
e
nd
da
ta
to
the
c
ontr
ol
ler
.
F
igur
e
1.
S
mar
t
pa
r
king
mana
ge
ment
s
ys
tem
I
n
e
a
c
h
pa
r
king
s
lot
,
ther
e
wa
s
a
n
ult
r
a
s
onic
s
e
ns
or
de
tec
ted
whe
ther
the
s
lot
wa
s
oc
c
upied.
W
he
n
the
ult
r
a
s
onic
s
e
ns
or
did
not
de
tec
t
a
ve
hicle
,
then
M
C
U
node
would
s
e
nd
a
c
ondit
ion
of
"
0"
or
e
mpt
y,
while
if
it
de
tec
ted
a
ve
hicle
,
it
would
s
e
nd
the
c
ondit
io
n
"
1"
or
oc
c
upied.
T
he
da
ta
a
bout
the
c
ondit
ion
would
be
s
e
nt
to
f
ir
e
ba
s
e
thr
ough
a
br
oke
r
us
ing
the
M
QT
T
pr
otocol
by
mea
ns
of
the
S
S
GA
.
T
he
b
r
oke
r
u
s
ing
the
M
QT
T
pr
otocol
wa
s
us
e
d
a
s
a
c
ontr
oll
e
r
in
man
a
ging
the
s
mar
t
pa
r
king
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on
a
s
s
hown
in
F
igur
e
2
us
ing
a
s
tar
topol
ogy
whos
e
a
dva
ntage
wa
s
that
i
f
one
c
li
e
nt
wa
s
dis
c
onne
c
ted,
it
would
not
int
e
r
f
e
r
e
with
other
c
li
e
nts
to
c
onne
c
t
with
the
b
r
oke
r
.
Any
c
ha
nge
s
to
da
ta
s
e
nt
to
f
i
r
e
ba
s
e
would
be
r
e
a
d
by
the
we
bs
it
e
ap
pli
c
a
ti
on
by
dis
playing
the
r
e
a
l
-
ti
me
c
ondit
ion
o
f
e
a
c
h
pa
r
king
s
lot
.
2.
2.
S
t
e
ad
y
s
t
at
e
ge
n
e
t
ic
algori
t
h
m
(
S
S
GA
)
T
he
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
on
the
s
mar
t
pa
r
king
c
ontains
s
e
ve
r
a
l
a
lgor
it
hms
that
c
a
n
be
us
e
d
f
or
opti
mi
z
a
ti
on
,
one
of
the
a
lgor
it
hms
is
the
s
c
he
dule
of
r
ou
nd
R
obin
im
pleme
nti
ng
the
pr
e
e
mpt
ive
s
tr
a
tegy
ba
s
e
d
upon
the
pr
oc
e
s
s
ing
s
c
he
dule
c
a
ll
e
d
a
s
qua
ntum
.
[
28
-
2
9]
.
T
he
a
lgor
it
hm
o
f
a
hyb
r
id
ge
ne
ti
c
a
s
s
ignm
e
nt
s
e
a
r
c
h
pr
oc
e
dur
e
(
HG
ASP
)
is
us
e
d
to
s
e
e
k
the
ne
a
r
e
s
t
r
o
ute
to
the
pa
r
king
a
r
e
a
.
I
n
thi
s
a
lgor
i
thm
,
th
e
ti
me
take
n
to
s
e
e
k
the
r
oute
is
r
e
latively
s
hor
t
in
c
ompar
is
on
to
Dijks
tr
a
a
lgor
it
hm
[
30]
.
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
[
31
]
pr
opos
e
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
Smar
t
par
k
ing
manage
me
nt
s
y
s
tem
us
ing
SSGA
M
QTT
and
r
e
al
-
ti
me
da
tabas
e
(
P
utr
i
Sandika
J
uw
it
a
)
1245
a
n
a
lgor
it
hm
to
guide
the
pa
r
k
ing
by
c
ons
ider
ing
the
f
a
c
tor
s
of
d
is
tanc
e
a
nd
r
oute
ti
me,
tr
a
f
f
ic
a
nd
pa
r
king
c
os
t.
T
o
opt
im
ize
the
in
f
or
mat
ion
f
or
both
the
p
a
r
king
mana
ge
ment
a
nd
the
us
e
r
s
a
bout
the
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
on
of
e
mpt
y
pa
r
king
s
lot
,
th
is
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
us
e
d
a
n
a
lgo
r
it
h
m
that
c
a
n
opti
mi
z
e
the
is
s
ue
o
f
mul
ti
-
objec
ti
ve
s
,
one
o
f
whic
h
is
modi
f
y
a
lgor
it
hm
of
S
S
GA
[
32]
f
or
ge
t
th
e
e
mpt
y
pa
r
king
s
lot
,
T
a
b
le
1
pr
e
s
e
nts
the
ps
e
udo
-
c
ode
f
or
thi
s
a
lgor
it
hm.
F
igur
e
2.
M
QT
T
topol
ogy
T
a
ble
1.
M
odif
y
a
lgor
it
hm
o
f
S
S
GA
Pseudo
-
code of Algorithm
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
8:
9:
10:
P <
-
calculate the empty parking slot
while
stopping criterion has
do
been met:
broker <
-
tournament_selection (P)
client1,
client2,
....,
client10
<
-
with
probability
cross_rate to broker
client1 <
-
mutate client1
client2 <
-
mutate client2
....
client10 <
-
mutate client10
number
<
-
get
all
empty
parking
slot
with
fitness
individuals
out of broker
and
client
replace empty parking slot with
number
end while
3.
RE
S
UL
T
S
AN
D
AN
AL
YSI
S
T
he
tes
t
wa
s
c
onduc
ted
in
the
pa
r
king
a
r
e
a
a
t
the
F
a
c
ult
y
of
Applied
S
c
ienc
e
,
Unive
r
s
it
a
s
T
e
lkom
in
whic
h
the
tes
t
of
the
s
ys
tem
include
d
th
e
tes
t
on
t
he
s
e
nding
de
lay
f
r
om
c
li
e
nt
publi
s
h
to
the
br
oke
r
M
QT
T
,
de
lay
of
br
oke
r
M
QT
T
to
f
i
r
e
ba
s
e
a
nd
de
lay
of
c
l
i
e
nt
publi
s
h
to
f
i
r
e
ba
s
e
.
T
he
n,
the
tes
t
wa
s
c
onti
nue
d
to
tes
t
on
the
s
e
ns
or
a
c
c
ur
a
c
y,
s
ys
tem
r
e
s
is
tanc
e
,
a
nd
we
b
s
it
e
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on.
3.
1.
De
lay
of
s
e
n
d
in
g
d
at
a
f
r
om
c
li
e
n
t
p
u
b
li
s
h
t
o
b
r
ok
e
r
M
QT
T
T
his
tes
t
wa
s
c
onduc
ted
to
lea
r
n
the
ti
me
length
o
f
c
li
e
nt
pu
bli
s
h
to
s
e
nd
the
input
da
ta
a
nd
r
e
c
e
ived
by
the
br
oke
r
M
QT
T
with
a
tes
t
s
c
e
na
r
io
thr
ough
the
s
e
nding
of
e
a
c
h
c
li
e
nt
a
nd
if
the
c
li
e
nts
s
e
nd
the
da
ta
a
t
the
s
a
me
ti
me.
F
igur
e
3
s
hows
the
va
r
iation
o
f
de
lays
f
r
om
e
a
c
h
da
ta
r
e
c
e
pti
on
s
tar
ted
f
r
o
m
c
l
ient
1
to
c
li
e
nt
5.
S
tar
ted
f
r
om
de
lay
a
t
4
s
e
c
onds
to
26
s
e
c
onds
,
a
que
ue
oc
c
ur
r
e
d
whe
n
the
da
ta
we
r
e
s
e
nt
to
the
s
e
r
ve
r
.
T
his
wa
s
c
a
us
e
d
by
the
int
e
r
ne
t
ne
t
wor
k.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
,
Vol.
18
,
No
.
3
,
J
une
2020:
124
3
-
125
1
1246
F
igur
e
3.
Gr
a
ph
of
de
lay
c
li
e
nt
publi
s
h
to
M
QT
T
b
r
oke
r
3.
2.
De
lay
of
s
e
n
d
in
g
d
at
a
f
r
om
b
r
ok
e
r
M
QT
T
t
o
f
ir
e
b
as
e
T
his
tes
t
wa
s
c
onduc
ted
to
lea
r
n
the
ti
me
length
of
da
ta
s
e
nding
f
r
om
br
oke
r
M
QT
T
to
f
i
r
e
ba
s
e
with
the
tes
t
s
c
e
na
r
io
of
s
e
nding
to
t
he
f
i
r
e
ba
s
e
whe
n
the
br
oke
r
M
QT
T
r
e
c
e
ived
the
da
ta
f
r
om
c
li
e
nt
p
ubli
s
h
a
t
the
s
a
me
ti
me
a
nd
f
r
om
the
da
ta
s
e
nding
of
e
a
c
h
c
li
e
nt
publi
s
h.
T
a
ble
2
s
hows
the
r
e
s
ult
s
of
th
e
tes
t
on
the
de
lay
of
da
ta
s
e
nding
f
r
om
br
oke
r
M
QT
T
to
f
ir
e
ba
s
e
with
the
a
ve
r
a
ge
de
la
y
of
0.
9
s
e
c
ond.
T
a
ble
2.
De
lay
br
oke
r
to
f
ir
e
ba
s
e
No
E
xpe
r
im
e
nt
D
e
li
ve
r
y T
im
e
T
im
e
A
r
r
iv
e
d
D
e
la
y (
s
e
c
ond)
1
1
08:
16:
13
18:
16:
14
1
2
2
08:
20:
04
08:
20:
06
2
3
3
08:
20:
40
08:
20:
46
1
4
4
08:
21:
25
08:
21:
26
1
5
5
08:
04:
03
08:
04:
04
1
6
6
08:
24:
27
08:
24:
28
1
7
7
08:
25:
33
08:
25:
33
0
8
8
08:
25:
56
08:
25:
57
1
9
9
08:
26:
24
08:
26:
25
1
10
10
08:
26:
49
08:
26:
49
0
3.
3.
T
h
e
t
e
s
t
on
t
h
e
d
e
lay
c
li
e
n
t
p
u
b
l
is
h
t
o
f
ire
b
as
e
T
his
tes
t
wa
s
c
onduc
ted
to
c
a
lcula
te
the
ti
me
leng
th
of
s
e
nding
f
r
om
c
li
e
nt
publi
s
h
to
f
ir
e
ba
s
e
with
the
tes
t
s
c
e
na
r
io
whe
n
e
a
c
h
c
li
e
nt
publi
s
h
s
e
nt
a
nd
whe
n
the
c
li
e
nt
publi
s
h
s
e
nt
the
da
ta
s
im
ult
a
ne
ous
ly.
F
igur
e
4
s
hows
the
gr
a
ph
of
de
lay
in
the
da
ta
s
e
n
ding
f
r
o
m
publi
s
h
to
f
ir
e
ba
s
e
with
the
va
r
iation
s
tar
ted
f
r
om
4
s
e
c
onds
to
25
s
e
c
onds
.
T
he
mor
e
de
lay
number
s
we
r
e
c
a
us
e
d
by
the
que
ue
of
da
ta
s
e
nding
f
r
om
t
he
c
li
e
nt
to
br
oke
r
M
QT
T
.
3.
4.
T
h
e
d
e
lay
of
we
b
s
it
e
ap
p
li
c
a
t
ion
o
f
d
a
t
a
s
e
n
d
in
g
an
d
d
at
a
r
e
c
e
p
t
io
n
t
o
d
at
a
b
as
e
T
he
tes
t
on
the
de
lay
on
the
we
bs
it
e
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on
wa
s
c
onduc
ted
us
ing
the
we
bs
it
e
that
,
a
s
s
hown
i
n
F
igur
e
5
,
would
be
a
c
c
e
s
s
e
d
by
two
dif
f
e
r
e
nt
s
e
ns
or
s
to
s
e
nd
the
da
ta
f
r
om
the
we
bs
it
e
to
da
taba
s
e
.
T
he
tec
hnique
wa
s
c
onduc
ted
by
a
c
ti
va
ti
ng
a
nd
de
a
c
ti
va
ti
ng
the
de
vice
s
to
obtain
the
dif
f
e
r
e
nt
r
e
s
ult
s
of
de
lay
f
r
om
us
e
r
s
.
T
a
ble
3
s
hows
the
a
ve
r
a
ge
de
lay
of
da
ta
s
e
nding
with
the
va
lue
in
s
e
ns
or
1
a
t
1
s
e
c
ond
a
nd
in
s
e
ns
or
2
a
t
1.
18
s
e
c
onds
,
a
nd
r
e
c
e
pti
on
de
lay
a
t
1.
2
s
e
c
onds
f
or
s
e
ns
or
1
a
nd
1.
15
s
e
c
onds
f
or
s
e
ns
or
2.
T
he
r
e
s
ult
s
of
the
tes
t
on
thos
e
two
de
lays
we
r
e
hi
ghly
a
f
f
e
c
ted
by
the
pr
oc
e
s
s
of
taking
da
ta
f
r
om
th
e
we
bs
it
e
to
da
taba
s
e
.
How
e
ve
r
,
it
wa
s
s
ti
ll
c
a
tegor
ize
d
int
o
t
he
r
e
a
l
-
ti
me
da
ta
s
e
nding.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
Smar
t
par
k
ing
manage
me
nt
s
y
s
tem
us
ing
SSGA
M
QTT
and
r
e
al
-
ti
me
da
tabas
e
(
P
utr
i
Sandika
J
uw
it
a
)
1247
F
igur
e
4.
Gr
a
ph
of
de
lay
f
r
om
c
li
e
nt
publ
is
h
to
f
ir
e
ba
s
e
F
igur
e
5.
S
e
ns
or
s
tatus
in
we
bs
it
e
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on
T
a
ble
3.
De
lay
of
s
e
nding
a
nd
r
e
c
e
ivi
ng
da
ta
E
xpe
r
im
e
nt
D
e
la
y of
D
a
ta
S
e
ndi
ng t
o D
a
ta
ba
s
e
(
s
e
c
ond)
D
e
la
y of
D
a
ta
R
e
c
e
pt
io
n t
o D
a
ta
ba
s
e
(
s
e
c
ond)
S
e
ns
or
1
S
e
ns
or
2
S
e
ns
or
1
S
e
ns
or
2
1
1.28
1.3
0.2
0.3
2
2
1.5
2
2.5
3
1.5
2.1
2.1
1.9
4
0.28
1.2
0.5
0.81
5
0.5
1
1.5
2.1
6
1.1
2
1.4
2.5
7
1
1.65
1.23
1.65
9
1.23
1
2
2.5
10
1.11
1.11
1.2
1.2
A
ve
r
a
ge
1
1.18
1.2
1.15
3.
5.
T
h
e
t
e
s
t
on
t
h
e
i
n
f
or
m
at
ion
o
f
c
on
d
i
t
ion
a
n
d
s
lo
t
of
p
ar
k
in
g
locat
ion
T
he
pa
ge
of
pa
r
king
loca
ti
on
wa
s
made
to
f
a
c
il
it
a
te
the
dr
iver
o
r
pa
r
king
mana
ge
ment
to
s
e
e
the
de
tailed
inf
o
r
mation
a
bout
the
pa
r
king
.
F
igu
r
e
6
s
hows
the
c
olor
c
ha
nge
in
maps
whe
ther
the
pa
r
king
s
lot
wa
s
s
ti
ll
a
va
il
a
ble.
R
e
d
mea
ns
the
oc
c
upied
pa
r
k
ing
s
lot
s
(
f
il
led
)
a
nd
g
r
e
e
n
mea
ns
that
the
a
va
il
a
bil
it
y
o
f
pa
r
king
s
lot
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
,
Vol.
18
,
No
.
3
,
J
une
2020:
124
3
-
125
1
1248
F
igur
e
6.
P
a
r
king
loca
ti
on
3.
6.
T
e
s
t
on
r
e
al
-
t
im
e
m
on
i
t
or
in
g
s
e
n
s
or
s
t
at
u
s
on
w
e
b
s
it
e
T
he
tes
t
wa
s
c
ondu
c
ted
to
moni
tor
the
s
e
ns
or
c
ondit
ion
in
the
ON
or
OFF
s
tate
a
s
s
hown
in
F
igur
e
7
(
a
)
to
de
tec
t
the
e
xis
tenc
e
of
c
a
r
s
in
the
p
a
r
king
s
lot
.
T
he
s
tatus
in
e
a
c
h
s
e
ns
or
wa
s
de
ter
mi
ne
d
f
r
om
the
s
tatus
c
ondit
ion
in
da
taba
s
e
a
s
s
hown
in
F
igur
e
7
(
b)
.
I
f
the
s
e
ns
or
wa
s
in
the
ON
s
tate
,
then
the
c
ondit
ion
in
da
taba
s
e
wa
s
1
a
nd
whe
n
s
e
ns
or
wa
s
in
the
OF
F
s
tate
,
the
c
ondit
ion
in
da
taba
s
e
wa
s
0.
W
he
n
the
s
e
ns
or
in
the
loca
ti
on
of
pa
r
king
s
lot
ha
s
not
de
tec
ted
the
e
xis
tenc
e
of
c
a
r
,
then
the
c
ondit
ion
of
the
s
e
ns
or
on
the
we
bs
it
e
wa
s
s
ti
ll
in
the
ON
or
OFF
s
tate
a
s
s
hown
in
F
igu
r
e
8
a
nd
the
gr
a
phic
wa
s
s
e
e
n
in
a
s
tatic
c
ondit
ion.
W
he
n
the
s
e
ns
or
in
the
loca
ti
on
of
pa
r
king
s
lot
de
tec
ted
the
e
xis
tenc
e
of
c
a
r
,
then
the
s
e
ns
or
on
the
we
bs
it
e
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on
a
utom
a
ti
c
a
ll
y
c
ha
nge
d
int
o
a
n
ON
s
tat
e
.
(
a
)
(
b)
F
igur
e
7.
M
onit
or
ing
s
e
ns
or
s
tatus
on
we
bs
it
e
a
nd
da
taba
s
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
Smar
t
par
k
ing
manage
me
nt
s
y
s
tem
us
ing
SSGA
M
QTT
and
r
e
al
-
ti
me
da
tabas
e
(
P
utr
i
Sandika
J
uw
it
a
)
1249
F
igur
e
8.
S
e
ns
or
c
ondit
ion
ON
/OF
F
3.
7.
T
e
s
t
on
t
h
e
loa
d
o
f
t
r
a
f
f
ic
i
n
c
r
e
as
e
on
we
b
s
it
e
F
igur
e
9
s
hows
the
tes
t
of
tr
a
f
f
ic
incr
e
a
s
e
on
we
bs
it
e
c
onduc
ted
f
or
3
da
ys
with
the
load
o
f
100
us
e
r
s
.
T
he
n
the
ti
me
r
e
quir
e
d
f
or
us
e
r
s
to
c
l
ick
a
ll
ur
ls
wa
s
19ms
on
a
ve
r
a
ge
in
whic
h
the
f
luct
ua
ti
on
of
gr
a
phic
wa
s
r
e
late
d
to
the
de
mand
of
mor
e
than
1
00
u
s
e
r
s
.
T
he
tes
t
r
e
s
ult
s
on
the
opti
mi
z
a
ti
on,
a
s
p
r
e
s
e
nted
in
T
a
ble
4
,
s
howe
d
that
f
r
om
26
of
100
us
e
r
s
,
the
a
ve
r
a
ge
ti
me
obtaine
d
wa
s
350
ms
f
or
the
ti
me
ne
e
de
d
by
the
us
e
r
s
to
do
the
c
li
c
king
pr
oc
e
s
s
on
the
we
bs
it
e
.
I
n
us
e
r
1
,
f
r
om
1.
665
c
li
c
ks
,
it
wa
s
onl
y
1
t
he
e
r
r
or
oc
c
ur
r
e
d,
a
nd
f
r
om
us
e
r
3,
f
r
om
1
.
652
c
li
c
ks
,
the
r
e
wa
s
no
a
ny
e
r
r
o
r
s
f
ound
(
0
)
.
F
r
om
the
3
-
da
y
tes
t,
i
t
wa
s
f
ound
that
the
we
bs
it
e
c
ould
be
long
-
las
ti
ng
with
t
he
load
f
r
o
m
the
mor
e
de
mands
of
the
us
e
r
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
,
Vol.
18
,
No
.
3
,
J
une
2020:
124
3
-
125
1
1250
F
igur
e
9.
T
e
s
t
on
the
t
r
a
f
f
ic
incr
e
a
s
e
on
we
bs
it
e
f
o
r
100
us
e
r
s
T
a
ble
4
.
T
e
s
t
on
we
bs
it
e
opti
mi
z
a
ti
on
U
s
e
r
N
o.
C
li
c
ks
H
it
s
E
r
r
or
s
A
vg.C
li
c
k T
im
e
(
ms
)
U
s
e
r
N
o.
C
li
c
ks
H
it
s
E
r
r
or
s
A
vg.C
li
c
k T
im
e
(
ms
)
1
1.665
1.665
1
354
14
1.678
1.678
1
304
2
1.673
1.673
1
310
15
1.655
1.654
0
382
3
1.652
1.651
0
390
16
1.650
1.650
1
385
4
1.666
1.666
1
342
17
1.673
1.672
0
311
5
1.667
1.666
0
338
18
1.673
1.673
1
323
6
1.649
1.649
1
392
19
1.653
1.652
0
391
7
1.653
1.653
1
391
20
1.671
1.671
1
321
8
1.667
1.667
1
397
21
1.667
1.667
1
341
9
1.672
1.672
1
318
22
1.668
1.668
1
326
10
1.673
1.672
0
322
23
1.654
1.654
1
387
11
1.675
1.675
1
311
24
1.666
1.666
1
344
12
1.671
1.670
0
384
25
1.658
1.658
1
376
13
1.666
1.666
1
342
26
1.666
1.666
1
410
4.
CONC
L
USI
ON
T
his
pa
pe
r
s
hows
a
n
i
mpl
e
menta
ti
on
o
f
moni
tor
i
ng
a
nd
c
ontr
oll
ing
s
ys
tem
on
the
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on
o
f
s
mar
t
pa
r
king
lot
us
ing
M
QT
T
pr
otocol
.
I
n
the
a
ppli
c
a
ti
on
of
moni
to
r
ing
s
ys
tem,
the
pa
r
k
ing
man
a
ge
ment
obtaine
d
the
inf
or
mation
in
the
f
or
m
of
c
oor
d
in
a
te
point
f
r
om
the
pa
r
king
loca
ti
on
a
nd
c
ou
ld
lea
r
n
the
pa
r
king
s
lot
a
va
il
a
bil
it
y
in
r
e
a
l
ti
me
c
onn
e
c
ted
to
GPS
.
On
the
c
ontr
oll
ing
f
e
a
tur
e
,
the
pa
r
king
mana
ge
ment
c
ould
lea
r
n
the
f
r
e
que
nc
y
of
pa
r
king
s
lot
us
e
d
by
the
dr
iver
s
by
s
e
e
ing
the
his
tor
y
in
the
f
or
m
of
r
e
a
l
ti
me
gr
a
phic
in
e
a
c
h
pa
r
king
s
lot
.
T
he
r
e
s
ult
s
of
the
e
xpe
r
im
e
nt
s
howe
d
that
the
quit
e
l
it
tl
e
va
r
iation
of
de
lay
on
the
we
bs
it
e
wi
th
M
QT
T
s
e
nt
the
da
ta
to
t
he
da
taba
s
e
a
t
1
s
e
c
ond
a
nd
1.
18
s
e
c
onds
a
nd
the
de
lay
of
the
da
ta
r
e
c
e
pti
on
f
r
om
the
d
a
taba
s
e
to
we
bs
it
e
wa
s
1.
2
s
e
c
onds
a
nd
1.
5
s
e
c
onds
.
RE
F
E
RE
NC
E
S
[1
]
D
an
i
el
N
g
Ch
i
u
L
.
,
Su
h
ai
l
a
I.
,
Y
u
s
meeraz
Y
.
,
“
Mach
i
n
e
V
i
s
i
o
n
b
as
e
d
Smart
Park
i
n
g
Sy
s
t
em
u
s
i
n
g
In
t
ern
e
t
o
f
T
h
i
n
g
s
,
”
TE
LK
O
M
NIK
A
Tel
e
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
t
i
o
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
ing
El
ect
r
o
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
1
7
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
0
9
8
–
2
1
0
6
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
1
9
.
[2
]
H
.
Á
v
al
o
s
,
E
.
G
ó
mez,
D
.
G
u
zmán
,
D
.
O
rd
ó
ñ
ez
-
Camach
o
,
J
.
Ro
mán
,
an
d
O
.
T
ai
p
e,
“W
h
ere
t
o
p
ark
?
A
rch
i
t
ec
t
u
re
an
d
i
m
p
l
eme
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
an
emp
t
y
p
ark
i
n
g
l
o
t
,
au
t
o
ma
t
i
c
reco
g
n
i
t
i
o
n
s
y
s
t
em,
”
E
n
f
o
q
u
e
U
TE
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
5
4
–
6
4
,
Marc
h
2
0
1
9
.
[3
]
W
.
A
l
s
afer
y
,
B.
A
l
t
u
rk
i
,
S.
Rei
ff
-
Marg
an
i
ec,
an
d
K
.
J
a
mb
i
,
“Smart
Car
Park
i
n
g
Sy
s
t
em
So
l
u
t
i
o
n
fo
r
t
h
e
In
t
ern
et
o
f
T
h
i
n
g
s
i
n
Smar
t
Ci
t
i
e
s
,
”
2
0
1
8
1
st
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
r
en
ce
o
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
er
A
p
p
l
i
ca
t
i
o
n
s
&
In
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
S
ec
u
r
i
t
y
(ICCA
IS
)
,
Ri
y
ad
h
,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
1
8
.
[4
]
V
.
Pai
d
i
,
H
.
Fl
e
y
eh
,
J
.
H
å
k
an
s
s
o
n
,
an
d
R.
G
.
N
y
b
erg
,
“Smart
p
ark
i
n
g
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
t
ech
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
an
d
ap
p
l
i
ca
t
i
o
n
s
fo
r
o
p
e
n
p
ark
i
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B.
Co
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l
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n
,
an
d
D
.
K
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2
0
1
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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(
P
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Sandika
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it
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1251
[6
]
A
.
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an
p
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s
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,
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.
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affa,
P.
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rai
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P.
K
ei
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Park
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re
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]
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.
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W
u
,
P.
S.
T
s
ai
,
N
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T
.
H
u
,
an
d
J
.
Y
.
Ch
en
,
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arch
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mp
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In
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A
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]
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1
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2
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.
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4
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R.
H
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T
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an
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T
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mart
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NIKA
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5
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.
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A
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h
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t
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T
h
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s
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Smart
G
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:
A
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A
p
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Serv
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K
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Ch
al
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In
ve
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March
2
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9
.
[1
7
]
A
.
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h
as
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u
r,
“
A
d
v
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d
Met
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n
g
In
fra
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Smar
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s
,
2
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7
.
[1
8
]
A
.
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h
as
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u
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m
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m
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r
Smart
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In
t
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,
”
2
0
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1
3
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E
A
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Co
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&
Net
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Co
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, L
as
V
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a
s
,
N
V
,
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p
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2
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5
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9
6
,
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0
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6
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[1
9
]
A
.
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h
as
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o
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r
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d
T
.
K
.
Mo
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n
,
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p
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n
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e
N
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mb
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Co
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Mach
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to
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A
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Met
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Smar
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2
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I
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r
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Tec
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Co
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r
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Tech
),
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n
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s
Ci
t
y
,
MO
,
p
p
.
5
1
-
5
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
0
]
P.
Sad
h
u
k
h
an
,
“A
n
Io
T
-
b
a
s
ed
E
-
p
ark
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
em
f
o
r
s
m
art
ci
t
i
es
,
”
2
0
1
7
In
t
e
r
n
a
t
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o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
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n
A
d
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n
Co
m
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Co
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s
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n
d
In
f
o
r
m
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t
i
cs
(ICA
CCI)
,
U
d
u
p
i
,
p
p
.
1
0
6
2
-
1
0
6
6
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
1
]
H
.
V
.
J
a
u
rk
ar,
G
.
N
.
Mu
l
ay
,
a
n
d
V
.
G
o
h
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k
ar
,
“Pa
rk
i
n
g
g
u
i
d
a
n
ce
s
y
s
t
em
u
s
i
n
g
i
n
t
ern
e
t
o
f
t
h
i
n
g
s
,
”
2
0
1
6
In
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
er
e
n
ce
o
n
In
ven
t
i
ve
C
o
m
p
u
t
a
t
i
o
n
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
es
(ICICT)
,
Co
i
m
b
at
o
re,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
2
]
P.
Ch
i
p
p
al
k
at
t
i
,
G
.
K
a
d
am,
an
d
V
.
Ic
h
ak
e,
“I
-
SP
A
RK
:
Io
T
Bas
e
d
Smart
Park
i
n
g
Sy
s
t
em
,
”
2
0
1
8
I
nt.
C
o
n
f
.
o
n
A
d
v
a
n
ce
s
i
n
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
Tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
(ICA
CCT)
,
San
g
amn
er,
p
p
.
4
7
3
-
4
7
7
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
3
]
C.
L
ee,
Y
.
H
an
,
S.
J
eo
n
,
D
.
Seo
,
an
d
I.
J
u
n
g
,
“Sm
art
p
ar
k
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
em
f
o
r
In
t
ern
e
t
o
f
T
h
i
n
g
s
,
”
2
0
1
6
IE
E
E
In
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
er
e
n
ce
o
n
Co
n
s
u
m
er
E
l
ec
t
r
o
n
i
cs
(IC
CE
)
,
L
as
V
eg
as
,
N
V
,
p
p
.
2
6
3
-
2
6
4
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
4
]
P.
Ramas
w
amy
,
“Io
T
s
mart
p
ar
k
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
em
fo
r
red
u
c
i
n
g
g
reen
h
o
u
s
e
g
as
emi
s
s
i
o
n
,
”
2
0
1
6
In
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
er
e
n
ce
o
n
R
ece
n
t
T
r
en
d
s
i
n
In
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
Tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
(IC
R
TIT)
,
Ch
en
n
ai
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
5
]
R.
K
.
K
o
d
al
i
an
d
K
.
S.
Mah
es
h
,
“A
l
o
w
co
s
t
i
m
p
l
eme
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
MQ
T
T
u
s
i
n
g
E
SP8
2
6
6
,
”
2
0
1
6
2
n
d
In
t
ern
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fere
n
ce
o
n
C
o
n
t
emp
o
rary
Co
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
a
n
d
In
f
o
rma
t
i
cs
(
IC3
I),
N
o
i
d
a,
p
p
.
4
0
4
-
4
0
8
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
6
]
M.
B.
Pat
el
,
C.
M
.
Bh
at
t
,
H
.
V
ah
d
a
t
-
N
e
j
ad
,
an
d
H
.
B.
Pat
el
,
“Smart
Ci
t
y
Bas
e
d
o
n
M
Q
T
T
U
s
i
n
g
W
i
re
l
es
s
Sen
s
o
rs
,
”
IG
I
G
l
o
b
a
l
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
7
]
S.
J
al
o
u
d
i
,
“MQ
T
T
fo
r
Io
T
-
b
as
e
d
A
p
p
l
i
ca
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
Sm
art
Ci
t
i
e
s
,
”
P
a
l
es
t
i
n
i
a
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
a
n
d
A
p
p
l
i
e
d
S
ci
e
n
ces
,
n
o
.
2
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
8
]
W
.
H
an
t
i
an
a
n
d
X
.
X
i
ao
me
i
,
“T
h
e
re
s
earch
an
d
i
m
p
l
e
men
t
o
f
an
eff
i
ci
e
n
t
l
o
ad
b
al
a
n
ci
n
g
al
g
o
r
i
t
h
m,
”
2
0
0
9
I
ITA
In
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
er
e
n
ce
o
n
S
er
v
i
ces
S
ci
e
n
ce,
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
a
n
d
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
,
Z
h
an
g
j
i
aj
i
e,
p
p
.
4
1
6
-
4
1
9
,
2
0
0
9
.
[2
9
]
S.
G
h
o
s
h
an
d
C.
Ban
erj
ee,
“D
y
n
ami
c
t
i
me
q
u
an
t
u
m
p
ri
o
r
i
t
y
b
as
e
d
ro
u
n
d
ro
b
i
n
fo
r
l
o
a
d
b
al
a
n
ci
n
g
i
n
cl
o
u
d
en
v
i
ro
n
men
t
,
”
2
0
1
8
F
o
u
r
t
h
In
t
er
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
er
e
n
ce
o
n
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
i
n
Co
m
p
u
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
In
t
el
l
i
g
en
ce
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
Net
wo
r
ks
(IC
R
CICN)
,
K
o
l
k
a
t
a,
In
d
i
a,
p
p
.
3
3
-
3
7
,
2
0
1
8
.
[3
0
]
H
.
J
aafar,
M.
H
.
Z
ab
i
d
i
,
A
.
C.
So
h
,
T
.
P.
H
o
o
n
g
,
S.
Sh
af
i
e,
an
d
S.
A
.
A
h
mad
,
“In
t
el
l
i
g
en
t
g
u
i
d
a
n
ce
p
ark
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
em
u
s
i
n
g
m
o
d
i
fi
e
d
d
i
j
k
s
t
ra’s
al
g
o
r
i
t
h
m,
”
J
.
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
S
ci
e
n
ce
a
n
d
Tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
p
p
.
1
3
2
-
1
4
1
,
O
ct
.
2
0
1
4
.
[3
1
]
J
.
H
.
Sh
i
n
an
d
H
.
B.
J
u
n
,
“A
s
t
u
d
y
o
n
s
mar
t
p
ar
k
i
n
g
g
u
i
d
a
n
ce
al
g
o
ri
t
h
m,
”
Tr
a
n
s
p
o
r
t
a
t
i
o
n
R
es
e
a
r
c
h
P
a
r
t
C:
E
m
e
r
g
i
n
g
Tech
n
o
l
o
g
i
es
,
v
o
l
.
4
4
,
p
p
.
2
9
9
-
3
1
7
,
J
u
l
y
2
0
1
4
.
[3
2
]
C.
A
.
C.
Co
el
l
o
,
G
.
B.
L
amo
n
t
,
D
.
A
.
V
an
V
e
l
d
h
u
i
zen
,
D
.
E
.
G
o
l
d
b
erg
,
an
d
J
.
R.
K
o
za,
“
E
v
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
ar
y
A
l
g
o
ri
t
h
ms
fo
r
S
o
l
v
i
n
g
Mu
l
t
i
-
O
b
j
ect
i
v
e
Pro
b
l
em
s
,
”
S
p
r
i
n
g
e
r
U
S
,
2
0
0
7
.
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