T
E
L
K
O
M
N
I
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
un
ica
t
io
n,
Co
m
pu
t
ing
,
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Co
ntr
o
l
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2
0
2
1
,
p
p
.
1
1
6
2
~
1
1
6
8
I
SS
N:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
,
ac
cr
ed
ited
First Gr
ad
e
b
y
Kem
en
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is
tek
d
i
k
ti,
Dec
r
ee
No
: 2
1
/E/KPT
/2
0
1
8
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
2
9
2
8
/TE
L
KOM
NI
K
A.
v
1
9
i4
.
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1162
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
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g
e
:
h
ttp
:
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u
r
n
a
l.u
a
d
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a
c.
id
/in
d
ex
.
p
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p
/TELK
OM
N
I
K
A
Lo
wer and upp
er
boun
d f
o
rm
of o
utag
e proba
bility
in one
-
wa
y
AF
f
ull
-
du
ple
x
rel
a
y
ing
net
wo
rk un
der impa
ct
of di
r
ect
lin
k
P
hu
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ra
n T
in
1
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Va
n
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Duc
P
h
a
n
2
,
L
e
Anh Vu
3
1
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
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In
d
u
strial
U
n
iv
e
rsit
y
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f
Ho
C
h
i
M
i
n
h
Cit
y
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Ho
C
h
i
M
in
h
Cit
y
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Vie
tn
a
m
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F
a
c
u
lt
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o
f
Au
to
m
o
b
il
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Tec
h
n
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l
o
g
y
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Va
n
Lan
g
Un
i
v
e
rsity
,
Ho
C
h
i
M
in
h
Cit
y
,
Vie
tn
a
m
3
Op
to
e
lec
tro
n
ics
Re
se
a
rc
h
G
ro
u
p
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
To
n
Du
c
T
h
a
n
g
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
Ho
Ch
i
M
in
h
Cit
y
,
Vie
t
n
a
m
Ar
t
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Au
g
1
8
,
2
0
2
0
R
ev
is
ed
Dec
9
,
2
0
2
0
Acc
ep
ted
Dec
2
3
,
2
0
2
0
Th
is
p
a
p
e
r
p
r
o
p
o
se
d
a
n
d
i
n
v
e
sti
g
a
ted
th
e
o
n
e
-
wa
y
a
m
p
li
fy
-
a
n
d
-
f
o
r
wa
rd
(
AF
)
fu
ll
-
d
u
p
lex
re
lay
i
n
g
n
e
two
rk
u
n
d
e
r
imp
a
c
t
o
f
d
irec
t
li
n
k
.
F
o
r
t
h
e
sy
ste
m
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
a
n
a
ly
sis,
t
h
e
e
x
a
c
t
a
n
d
lo
we
r
a
n
d
u
p
p
e
r
b
o
u
n
d
fo
rm
o
f
t
h
e
sy
ste
m
ou
tag
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
i
li
ty
(OP)
a
re
i
n
v
e
stig
a
ted
a
n
d
d
e
riv
e
d
.
I
n
t
h
is
sy
st
e
m
m
o
d
e
l,
a
u
th
o
rs
a
ss
u
m
e
th
a
t
t
h
e
E
u
se
s
th
e
m
a
x
ima
l
ra
ti
o
c
o
m
b
i
n
i
n
g
(
M
RC
)
t
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
.
F
in
a
ll
y
,
w
e
c
a
n
se
e
th
a
t
th
e
a
n
a
l
y
ti
c
a
l
a
n
d
th
e
sim
u
lati
o
n
v
a
lu
e
s
o
v
e
rlap
t
o
v
e
rify
t
h
e
a
n
a
ly
ti
c
a
l
se
c
ti
o
n
u
si
n
g
t
h
e
M
o
n
te
Ca
rl
o
s
imu
lati
o
n
.
Also
,
we
in
v
e
stig
a
te
th
e
i
n
fl
u
e
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
ste
m
p
rima
ry
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
o
n
t
h
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
sy
ste
m
OP.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
E
n
er
g
y
h
ar
v
esti
n
g
M
o
n
te
C
ar
lo
s
im
u
latio
n
O
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
R
elay
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Van
-
Du
c
Ph
an
Facu
lty
o
f
Au
to
m
o
b
ile
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
Van
L
an
g
Un
i
v
er
s
ity
Ho
C
h
i M
in
h
C
ity
,
Vietn
am
E
m
ail:
d
u
c.
p
v
@
v
lu
.
e
d
u
.
v
n
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
R
ad
io
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
(
R
F)
s
ig
n
als
ca
n
ca
r
r
y
b
o
th
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
en
er
g
y
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
th
e
m
ain
elec
tr
ical
s
o
u
r
ce
s
in
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etwo
r
k
,
ca
lled
wir
ele
s
s
p
o
wer
ed
n
etwo
r
k
s
(
W
PNs
)
[
1
]
-
[
1
0
]
.
I
n
[
1
1
]
,
au
th
o
r
s
s
tu
d
ied
th
e
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
b
etwe
en
s
o
m
e
p
o
in
ts
b
ased
o
n
th
e
tr
ad
eo
f
f
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
,
an
d
[
1
2
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
d
d
esig
n
ed
th
e
p
r
ac
tical
r
ec
eiv
er
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
a
n
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
an
d
its
ad
v
a
n
tag
es
f
o
r
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etwo
r
k
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
in
[
1
3
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
n
d
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
t
h
e
p
r
ac
tical
e
n
er
g
y
h
ar
v
esti
n
g
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
e
two
r
k
,
an
d
[
1
4
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
d
in
v
esti
g
ated
t
h
e
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
en
er
g
y
an
d
p
o
wer
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
in
th
e
co
g
n
itiv
e
r
elay
in
g
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etw
o
r
k
.
Mo
r
eo
v
e
r
,
th
e
tim
e
s
witch
in
g
an
d
th
e
p
o
we
r
s
p
litt
in
g
p
r
o
to
c
o
ls
d
esig
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
etwo
r
k
a
n
d
th
e
c
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
m
ar
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
d
in
v
esti
g
ated
in
[
1
5
]
-
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
d
in
v
esti
g
ated
t
h
e
o
n
e
-
way
am
p
lif
y
-
an
d
-
f
o
r
war
d
(
AF
)
f
u
ll
-
d
u
p
l
ex
r
elay
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
u
n
d
e
r
im
p
ac
t
o
f
d
ir
ec
t
lin
k
.
Fo
r
th
e
s
y
s
tem
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
aly
s
is
,
th
e
ex
ac
t
an
d
lo
w
er
an
d
u
p
p
er
b
o
u
n
d
f
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
(
OP)
ar
e
i
n
v
esti
g
ated
an
d
d
er
iv
ed
.
I
n
th
is
s
y
s
tem
m
o
d
el,
au
th
o
r
s
ass
u
m
e
th
at
th
e
E
u
s
es
th
e
m
ax
im
al
r
a
tio
co
m
b
i
n
in
g
(
MRC
)
tech
n
iq
u
e.
Fin
ally
,
we
ca
n
s
ee
th
at
th
e
an
aly
tical
a
n
d
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
v
alu
es
o
v
er
lap
to
v
er
if
y
th
e
an
al
y
tical
s
ec
tio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
Mo
n
te
C
ar
lo
s
im
u
latio
n
.
Als
o
,
we
in
v
esti
g
ate
th
e
in
f
lu
en
c
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
p
r
im
ar
y
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
OP.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
Lo
w
er a
n
d
u
p
p
er b
o
u
n
d
fo
r
m
o
f o
u
ta
g
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
in
o
n
e
-
o
n
e
A
F
fu
ll
-
d
u
p
lex
…
(
P
h
u
Tr
a
n
Tin
)
1163
2.
SI
S
T
E
M
M
O
D
E
L
I
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
1
,
we
i
ll
u
s
t
r
a
t
e
d
t
h
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
m
o
d
e
l
o
f
t
h
e
p
e
o
p
o
s
e
d
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
n
d
t
h
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
h
a
r
v
e
s
t
i
n
g
(
E
H
)
a
n
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
(
I
T
)
p
h
a
s
es
a
r
e
i
l
l
u
s
t
r
a
t
e
d
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
2
a
s
i
n
[
1
9
]
-
[
25]
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
m
o
d
e
l
,
a
l
l
o
f
t
h
e
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
s
a
r
e
R
a
y
l
ei
g
h
f
a
d
i
n
g
.
T
h
e
n
t
h
e
C
DF
o
f
t
h
e
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
g
a
i
n
s
2
SR
h
,
2
RD
||
h
a
n
d
2
SD
||
h
ca
n
b
e
f
o
r
m
u
l
a
t
e
d
a
s
(
1
)
.
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
=
1
−
(
−
SR
)
,
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
=
1
−
(
−
RD
)
,
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
=
1
−
(
−
SD
)
(
1
)
Her
e,
we
ass
u
m
e
(
2
)
SR
=
(
SR
)
,
RD
=
(
RD
)
,
SD
=
(
SD
)
(
2
)
t
he
n
we
h
av
e
(
3
)
.
|
|
2
(
)
=
1
−
(
−
)
(
3
)
Fin
a
l
ly
,
th
e
PDFs
o
f
2
SR
h
,
2
RD
h
an
d
2
f
ca
n
b
e
g
i
v
en
as th
e
f
o
llo
ws
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
=
SR
(
−
SR
)
,
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
=
RD
(
−
RD
)
,
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
=
SD
(
−
SD
)
,
|
|
2
(
)
=
(
−
)
(
4
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Sy
s
tem
m
o
d
el
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
tim
e
s
witch
in
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
2
.
1
.
E
nerg
y
ha
r
v
esting
a
nd
I
nfo
rm
a
t
io
n t
r
a
ns
m
is
s
io
n
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
r
ela
y
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
=
ℎ
+
+
(
5
)
T
h
e
av
er
a
g
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
p
o
wer
at
th
e
r
elay
ca
n
b
e
c
o
m
p
u
ted
as th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
=
ℎ
(
1
−
)
=
1
−
|
ℎ
|
2
=
|
ℎ
|
2
(
6
)
w
h
er
e
1
=
−
.
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
e
n
b
y
=
ℎ
+
(
7
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1693
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t 2
0
2
1
:
1
1
6
2
-
1
1
6
8
1164
w
h
er
e
D
n
is
th
e
AW
GN
with
v
ar
ian
ce
N
0
.
T
h
e
am
p
lific
atio
n
f
ac
to
r
ar
e
f
o
r
m
u
lated
as th
e
(
8
)
.
=
=
√
|
ℎ
|
2
+
|
|
2
+
0
(
8
)
Fro
m
(
7
)
an
d
c
o
m
b
in
i
n
g
with
(
5
)
,
we
ca
n
o
b
tain
:
=
ℎ
+
=
ℎ
[
ℎ
+
+
]
+
=
ℎ
ℎ
⏟
+
ℎ
⏟
in
t
e
rf
e
re
n
c
e
+
ℎ
+
⏟
Af
ter
d
o
in
g
s
o
m
e
alg
eb
r
a,
th
e
en
d
-
to
-
e
n
d
s
ig
n
al
to
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
n
o
is
e
(
SIN
R
)
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
as
(
9
)
,
=
{
|
|
2
}
{
|
in
te
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
|
2
}
+
{
|
|
2
}
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
|
2
0
|
ℎ
|
2
|
|
2
+
|
ℎ
|
2
+
0
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
|
2
+
|
|
2
+
1
(
9
)
w
h
er
e
0
s
P
N
=
.
Nex
t,
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
will
also
r
ec
eiv
e
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
d
ir
ec
tly
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
th
e
SIN
R
in
th
is
p
h
ase
ca
n
b
e
o
b
t
ain
ed
b
y
(
1
0
)
.
=
|
ℎ
|
2
(
1
0
)
Fin
ally
,
u
s
in
g
th
e
MRC
tech
n
iq
u
e
a
t th
e
r
ec
ei
v
er
,
th
e
o
v
e
r
all
SIN
R
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
b
e
cl
aim
ed
as
(
1
1
)
,
=
+
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
|
2
+
|
|
2
+
1
+
|
ℎ
|
2
=
+
(
1
1
)
w
h
er
e
=
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
|
2
+
|
|
2
+
1
an
d
=
|
ℎ
|
2
.
3.
SYST
E
M
P
E
RF
O
R
M
ANC
E
ANALY
SI
S
3
.
1
.
E
x
a
c
t
a
na
ly
s
is
T
h
e
Sy
s
tem
OP a
t th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
d
esti
n
atio
n
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
e
d
as
(
1
2
)
,
=
(
<
ℎ
)
=
(
+
<
ℎ
)
=
∫
(
ℎ
−
)
(
)
ℎ
0
(
1
2
)
w
h
er
e
th
is
th
e
p
r
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
t
h
r
esh
o
ld
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
T
o
f
in
d
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
in
(
1
2
)
,
we
h
av
e
to
ca
lcu
late
th
e
cu
m
u
lativ
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
C
DF)
o
f
X
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
d
en
s
ity
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
PDF)
o
f
Y.
So
,
th
e
C
DF
o
f
X
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
as
(
1
3
)
.
(
)
=
(
<
)
=
(
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
|
|
2
+
|
|
2
+
1
<
)
(
1
3
)
B
y
d
en
o
tin
g
22
S
R
R
D
T
h
h
=
an
d
2
Zf
=
,
th
e
(
1
3
)
ca
n
b
e
r
e
f
o
r
m
u
lated
b
y
(
1
4
)
.
(
)
=
(
2
+
+
1
<
)
=
[
<
(
2
+
+
1
)
]
=
[
(
−
2
)
<
(
+
1
)
]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
Lo
w
er a
n
d
u
p
p
er b
o
u
n
d
fo
r
m
o
f o
u
ta
g
e
p
r
o
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a
b
ilit
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in
o
n
e
-
o
n
e
A
F
fu
ll
-
d
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p
lex
…
(
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h
u
Tr
a
n
Tin
)
1165
=
{
[
<
(
+
1
)
−
2
]
<
1
1
≥
1
=
∫
1
0
(
(
+
1
)
−
2
|
=
)
(
)
+
∫
(
)
∞
1
(
1
4
)
Fro
m
(
1
0
)
,
th
e
C
DF o
f
r
a
n
d
o
m
v
ar
iab
les (
R
Vs)
T
ca
n
b
e
c
o
m
p
u
ted
b
y
(
1
5
)
.
(
)
=
(
<
)
=
(
|
ℎ
|
2
|
ℎ
|
2
<
)
=
∫
|
ℎ
|
2
∞
0
(
|
ℎ
|
2
|
|
ℎ
|
2
=
)
|
ℎ
|
2
(
)
=
1
−
∫
(
−
−
)
∞
0
(
15)
Ap
p
ly
in
g
e
q
u
atio
n
(
3
.
3
2
4
,
1
)
o
f
[
2
3
]
as sh
o
wn
in
(
1
5
)
ca
n
b
e
r
ef
o
r
m
u
lated
b
y
(
1
6
)
,
(
)
=
1
−
2
×
√
×
1
(
2
√
)
(
1
6
)
w
h
er
e
()
v
K
•
is
th
e
m
o
d
if
ied
B
ess
el
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
k
in
d
an
d
v
th
o
r
d
er
.
Ap
p
ly
in
g
(
1
6
)
f
o
r
(
1
4
)
,
()
X
Fx
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
(
1
7
)
.
(
)
=
1
−
2
×
∫
(
−
)
×
√
(
+
1
)
−
2
×
1
(
2
√
(
+
1
)
−
2
)
1
0
(
1
7
)
Nex
t,
th
e
C
DF o
f
Y
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
as
(
1
8
)
.
(
)
=
(
<
)
=
(
|
ℎ
|
2
<
)
=
(
|
ℎ
|
2
<
)
=
1
−
(
−
)
(
1
8
)
Fro
m
(
1
8
)
,
th
e
PDF o
f
Y
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
e
d
b
y
(
1
9
)
.
(
)
=
(
)
=
(
−
)
(
1
9
)
Su
b
s
titu
tin
g
(
1
7
)
an
d
(
1
9
)
in
to
(
1
2
)
,
f
in
ally
,
t
h
e
OP in
ex
ac
t f
o
r
m
ca
n
b
e
claim
ed
as
(
2
0
)
,
=
∫
(
ℎ
−
)
(
)
ℎ
0
=
1
−
(
−
ℎ
)
−
2
×
∫
∫
(
−
−
)
×
ϒ
(
,
)
×
1
(
ℎ
−
)
0
ℎ
0
1
[
2
ϒ
(
,
)
]
(
2
0
)
w
h
er
e
ϒ
(
,
)
=
√
(
ℎ
−
)
(
+
1
)
−
2
(
ℎ
−
)
.
3
.
2
.
L
o
wer
a
nd
up
per
bo
un
d a
na
ly
s
is
Fro
m
(
1
1
)
,
we
ca
n
co
m
p
u
te
as
(
2
1
)
.
2
(
,
)
≤
+
≤
2
(
,
)
(
2
1
)
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
OP o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
lo
wer
b
o
u
n
d
f
o
r
m
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
en
b
y
(
2
2
)
.
=
[
(
,
)
<
ℎ
2
]
=
1
−
(
≥
ℎ
2
)
⏟
1
(
≥
ℎ
2
)
⏟
2
(
2
2
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1693
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t 2
0
2
1
:
1
1
6
2
-
1
1
6
8
1166
Fro
m
(
1
7
)
,
P
1
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
late
d
as
(
2
3
)
.
1
=
1
−
(
<
ℎ
2
)
=
2
×
∫
(
−
)
×
√
ℎ
(
+
1
)
2
−
2
ℎ
×
1
(
2
√
ℎ
(
+
1
)
2
−
2
ℎ
)
2
ℎ
0
(
2
3
)
Nex
t,
P
2
ca
n
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
as
(
2
4
)
.
2
=
1
−
(
<
ℎ
2
)
=
(
−
ℎ
2
)
(
2
4
)
Su
b
s
titu
tin
g
(
2
3
)
an
d
(
2
4
)
in
to
(
2
2
)
,
we
h
av
e:
=
1
−
2
×
(
−
ℎ
2
)
×
∫
(
−
)
×
√
ℎ
(
+
1
)
2
−
2
ℎ
×
1
(
2
√
ℎ
(
+
1
)
2
−
2
ℎ
)
2
ℎ
0
(
2
5
)
Similar
to
th
e
ab
o
v
e
,
th
e
u
p
p
e
r
b
o
u
n
d
OP o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
b
e
co
m
p
u
ted
as
(
2
6
)
.
=
[
(
,
)
<
ℎ
2
]
=
(
<
ℎ
2
)
(
<
ℎ
2
)
=
{
1
−
2
×
∫
(
−
)
×
√
ℎ
(
+
1
)
2
−
2
ℎ
×
1
(
2
√
ℎ
(
+
1
)
2
−
2
ℎ
)
2
ℎ
0
}
×
{
1
−
(
−
ℎ
2
)
}
(
2
6
)
4.
NUM
E
RIC
AL
R
E
SU
L
T
S A
ND
DIS
C
USS
I
O
N
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
OP
v
er
s
u
s
α
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
with
η
=1
,
γ
t
h
=1
,
a
n
d
Φ
=7
d
B
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
OP
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
el
s
y
s
tem
h
a
s
a
m
ass
iv
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
with
t
h
e
r
is
in
g
o
f
α
f
r
o
m
0
t
o
0
.
4
5
an
d
th
e
h
as
a
c
o
n
s
id
er
ab
l
e
in
cr
ea
s
e
wh
en
α
r
is
es
to
1
in
th
r
ee
ca
s
es
with
ex
ac
t,
lo
wer
an
d
u
p
p
er
b
o
u
n
d
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
m
ax
im
al
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
OP
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
with
α
=0
.
4
5
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
OP is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
γ
th
,
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Her
e
we
s
et
η
=0
.
8
,
α
=0
.
2
5
,
an
d
Φ
=5
d
B
.
Her
e,
γ
th
in
cr
ea
s
es
f
r
o
m
0
to
6
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
OP
in
cr
ea
s
es
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
wh
en
β
r
is
es
in
th
r
ee
ca
s
es
with
ex
ac
t,
lo
wer
,
an
d
u
p
p
er
b
o
u
n
d
an
aly
s
is
.
Fro
m
Fig
u
r
es
4
an
d
5
,
th
e
an
aly
tical
an
d
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
cu
r
v
es
o
v
e
r
lap
ea
ch
o
th
er
s
as
s
h
o
wn
in
th
e
a
n
aly
tical
s
ec
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
OP
v
er
s
u
s
α
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
OP
v
er
s
u
s
γ
th
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
Lo
w
er a
n
d
u
p
p
er b
o
u
n
d
fo
r
m
o
f o
u
ta
g
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
in
o
n
e
-
o
n
e
A
F
fu
ll
-
d
u
p
lex
…
(
P
h
u
Tr
a
n
Tin
)
1167
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
OP
v
er
s
u
s
η
an
d
Φ
ar
e
in
v
esti
g
ated
in
Fig
u
r
es
5
an
d
6
,
r
esp
e
ctiv
ely
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
5
,
th
e
m
ain
s
y
s
tem
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
s
et
a
s
α
=0
.
7
5
,
γ
th
=1
an
d
Φ
=5
d
B
,
an
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
,
we
s
et
α
=0
.
5
,
γ
th
=1
,
an
d
η
=1
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Fro
m
Fig
u
r
es
5
a
n
d
6
,
it
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
th
e
s
y
s
tem
OP
h
as
a
s
lig
h
t
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
with
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er
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ity
o
f
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h
i
Min
h
C
ity
(
I
UH)
,
Viet
n
am
,
u
n
d
e
r
g
r
an
t N
o
.
7
2
/HD
-
DHCN
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
S.
Bi
,
C.
K.
Ho
,
a
n
d
R.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
“
Wi
re
les
s
p
o
we
re
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
:
Op
p
o
rt
u
n
it
ies
a
n
d
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s
,”
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
.
M
a
g
.
,
v
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l
.
5
3
,
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o
.
4
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p
p
.
1
1
7
-
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2
5
,
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r.
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0
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5
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i:
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0
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1
1
0
9
/mc
o
m
.
2
0
1
5
.
7
0
8
1
0
8
4
.
[2
]
D.
Niy
a
to
,
D.
I.
Kim
,
M
.
M
a
so
,
a
n
d
Z.
Ha
n
,
“
Wi
re
les
s
P
o
we
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d
C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Ne
two
rk
s:
Re
se
a
rc
h
Dire
c
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ica
l
Ap
p
ro
a
c
h
e
s
,”
IEE
E
W
ire
l.
Co
mm
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n
.
,
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o
l
.
2
4
,
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o
.
6
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p
.
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9
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,
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0
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1
1
0
9
/mw
c
.
2
0
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7
.
1
6
0
0
1
1
6
.
[3
]
H.
Yu
,
H.
Lee
,
a
n
d
H.
Je
o
n
,
“
W
h
a
t
is
5
G
?
Eme
rg
in
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5
G
M
o
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il
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e
r
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s
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n
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Ne
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rk
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q
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irem
e
n
ts
,”
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u
st
a
in
a
b
il
it
y
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l.
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.
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7
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o
i:
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0
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3
3
9
0
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su
9
1
0
1
8
4
8
.
[4
]
X.
Zh
o
u
,
R.
Zh
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
C.
K
.
Ho
, “
Wi
re
les
s
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
P
o
we
r
Tran
sfe
r:
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h
it
e
c
tu
re
De
sig
n
a
n
d
Ra
te
-
En
e
rg
y
Trad
e
o
ff
,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
C
o
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
6
1
,
n
o
.
1
1
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p
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4
7
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4
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7
,
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v
.
2
0
1
3
,
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o
i:
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0
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c
o
m
m
.
2
0
1
3
.
1
3
.
1
2
0
8
5
5
.
[5
]
T.
N.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
M
.
Tran
,
D
-
H
Ha
,
T.
T.
Tran
g
,
a
n
d
M
.
Vo
z
n
a
k
,
“
M
u
lt
i
-
so
u
rc
e
in
D
F
Co
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
Ne
two
rk
s
wit
h
t
h
e
P
S
R
P
r
o
to
c
o
l
Ba
se
d
F
u
ll
-
d
u
p
lex
En
e
rg
y
Ha
rv
e
sti
n
g
o
v
e
r
a
Ra
y
l
e
ig
h
F
a
d
in
g
C
h
a
n
n
e
l:
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
An
a
ly
sis
,”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
Est
o
n
i
a
n
Aca
d
e
my
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
6
8
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
2
6
4
-
2
7
5
,
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a
y
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0
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9
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0
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3
1
7
6
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r
o
c
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2
0
1
9
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3
.
0
3
.
[6
]
T
.
N.
N
g
u
y
e
n
,
M
.
Tran
,
T
.
-
L
.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
D
.
-
H
.
Ha
,
a
n
d
M
.
V
o
z
n
a
k
,
“
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
An
a
ly
sis
o
f
a
Us
e
r
S
e
l
e
c
ti
o
n
P
r
o
t
o
c
o
l
in
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o
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p
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ra
ti
v
e
Ne
two
rk
s
wi
th
P
o
we
r
S
p
li
tt
in
g
P
ro
t
o
c
o
l
-
Ba
se
d
En
e
rg
y
Ha
rv
e
st
in
g
Ov
e
r
Na
k
a
g
a
m
i
-
m
/Ray
leig
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Ch
a
n
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e
ls
,”
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e
c
tro
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ics
,
v
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l.
8
,
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o
.
4
,
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p
.
4
4
8
,
Ap
r
.
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/ele
c
tro
n
ics
8
0
4
0
4
4
8
.
[7
]
T.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
T.
Q
.
M
in
h
,
P.
Tran
,
M.
Vo
z
ň
á
k
,
“
E
n
e
rg
y
Ha
rv
e
sti
n
g
o
v
e
r
Ricia
n
F
a
d
i
n
g
Ch
a
n
n
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l:
A
P
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rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
An
a
ly
sis
fo
r
Ha
lf
-
Du
p
le
x
Bi
d
irec
ti
o
n
a
l
S
e
n
so
r
Ne
two
r
k
s
u
n
d
e
r
Ha
rd
wa
re
Im
p
a
irme
n
ts
,”
S
e
n
so
rs
,
v
o
l.
1
8
,
n
o
.
6
,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
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1
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8
1
,
d
o
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1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/s
1
8
0
6
1
7
8
1
.
[8
]
T
.
N.
Ng
u
y
e
n
e
t
a
l
.,
“
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
En
h
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n
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m
e
n
t
fo
r
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y
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rv
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se
d
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Re
lay
P
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in
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Ad
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c
Ne
t
wo
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k
s
with
P
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rti
a
l
a
n
d
F
u
l
l
Re
lay
S
e
lec
ti
o
n
M
e
th
o
d
s
,”
Ad
Ho
c
Ne
two
rk
s
,
v
o
l
.
8
4
,
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p
.
1
7
8
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8
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,
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0
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9
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0
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0
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6
/
j.
a
d
h
o
c
.
2
0
1
8
.
1
0
.
0
0
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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6
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[9
]
T
.
Din
h
a
n
d
N
.
Ha
,
“
P
o
we
r
b
e
a
c
o
n
a
ss
isted
e
n
e
rg
y
h
a
rv
e
stin
g
wire
l
e
ss
p
h
y
sic
a
l
lay
e
r
c
o
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
re
l
a
y
in
g
n
e
tw
o
rk
s:
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
a
n
a
ly
sis,”
S
y
mm
e
try
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
0
6
,
Ja
n
2
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0
,
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o
i
:
1
0
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3
3
9
0
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y
m
1
2
0
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0
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0
6
.
[1
0
]
P
.
K.
G
o
p
a
la,
L.
Lai
a
n
d
H.
E
l
G
a
m
a
l,
“
On
th
e
S
e
c
re
c
y
Ca
p
a
c
it
y
o
f
F
a
d
i
n
g
Ch
a
n
n
e
ls,
”
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
T
h
e
o
ry
,
v
o
l.
5
4
,
n
o
.
1
0
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p
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7
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1
0
9
/
TIT
.
2
0
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8
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9
2
8
9
9
0
.
[1
1
]
S
.
Li
a
n
d
Q
.
Du
,
“
A
Re
v
iew
o
f
P
h
y
sic
a
l
Lay
e
r
S
e
c
u
rit
y
Tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
fo
r
In
tern
e
t
o
f
Th
i
n
g
s:
C
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s
a
n
d
S
o
lu
ti
o
n
s
,”
En
tro
p
y
,
v
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l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
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p
.
7
3
0
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i:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/e2
0
1
0
0
7
3
0
.
[1
2
]
K
.
Ali,
A
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
i,
a
n
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
i
,
“
Jo
i
n
t
Re
lay
S
e
lec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
P
o
we
r
Allo
c
a
ti
o
n
in
Larg
e
-
S
c
a
le
M
IM
O
S
y
ste
m
s
with
Un
tr
u
ste
d
Re
lay
s
a
n
d
P
a
ss
iv
e
Eav
e
sd
r
o
p
p
e
rs
,”
IE
EE
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
Fo
re
n
sic
s
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n
d
S
e
c
u
rity
,
v
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l.
1
3
,
n
o
.
2
,
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p
.
3
4
1
-
3
5
5
,
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e
b
.
2
0
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8
,
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o
i:
1
0
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1
1
0
9
/t
ifs.
2
0
1
7
.
2
7
5
0
1
0
2
.
[1
3
]
H
.
Li
n
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Co
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
Ja
m
m
in
g
fo
r
P
h
y
sic
a
l
Lay
e
r
S
e
c
u
ri
ty
En
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
in
I
n
tern
e
t
o
f
Th
in
g
s.
”
IEE
E
In
ter
n
e
t
o
f
T
h
in
g
s J
o
u
rn
a
l
,
v
o
l.
5
,
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o
.
1
,
p
p
.
2
1
9
-
2
2
8
,
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n
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/j
io
t.
2
0
1
7
.
2
7
7
8
1
8
5
.
[1
4
]
P
.
T.
Ti
n
,
D
.
T
.
Hu
n
g
,
T
.
N
g
u
y
e
n
,
T
.
D
u
y
,
a
n
d
M
.
V
o
z
n
a
k
,
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S
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re
c
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P
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rfo
rm
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[1
5
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2
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.
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4
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A.
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[2
5
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N.
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.
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