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h
as
b
ee
n
d
o
n
e,
in
[
2
1
,
2
2
]
a
u
th
o
r
s
u
s
ed
p
o
x
c
o
n
to
ller
,
b
u
ilt
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
wit
h
b
ip
ar
tite
to
p
o
lo
g
y
with
r
an
d
o
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
L
1
b
etwe
en
1
-
4
an
d
L
2
b
etwe
en
1
-
8
,
b
u
t
th
e
c
r
ea
ted
s
y
s
tem
h
ad
a
lim
itatio
n
o
f
r
ec
u
r
s
iv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
I
n
[
2
2
]
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
u
s
ed
Flo
o
d
lig
h
t
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
,
b
u
t
ac
tu
ally
t
h
e
b
u
ilt
-
in
lo
ad
b
alan
ce
r
in
Flo
o
d
lig
h
t c
o
n
t
r
o
ller
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
s
er
v
er
lo
a
d
b
alan
ci
n
g
n
o
t f
o
r
g
atew
ay
lo
ad
b
alan
cin
g
o
r
n
etwo
r
k
r
ed
u
n
d
a
n
cy
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
we
c
h
o
s
e
a
Flo
o
d
lig
h
t
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
an
d
im
p
lem
e
n
ted
lo
ad
b
alan
ce
r
to
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
with
th
e
s
am
e
to
p
o
lo
g
y
is
u
s
ed
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
[
2
3
]
with
r
a
n
d
o
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
atew
ay
s
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
s
witch
es
in
L
2
(
L
1
)
b
etwe
en
2
-
4
an
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
o
s
t
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
witch
es
(
L
2
)
b
etwe
en
2
-
8
.
T
h
e
ev
alu
atio
n
is
d
o
n
e
b
y
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
Qo
S
(
d
elay
,
b
it
r
ate,
p
ac
k
et
r
a
te,
p
ac
k
et
s
u
cc
ess
r
ate)
wh
ile
s
en
d
in
g
v
ar
io
u
s
tr
af
f
ics
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
s
u
ch
as UD
P
f
lo
w,
Vo
I
P,
an
d
DNS.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
ip
ar
tite to
p
o
lo
g
y
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
W
e
u
s
ed
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ab
le
s
witch
es
o
n
m
in
in
et
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
Op
en
Flo
w
1
.
3
as
a
s
tan
d
a
r
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
with
a
co
n
n
ec
ted
f
l
o
o
d
lig
h
t
co
n
tr
o
ller
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
I
P
a
d
d
r
ess
o
f
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
d
ev
ices
in
th
is
n
etwo
r
k
ar
e
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
ea
c
h
s
witch
o
n
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
d
o
esn
’
t
h
av
e
I
P
ad
d
r
ess
o
n
its
o
wn
.
Ho
s
ts
o
n
th
is
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
b
e
clien
t,
s
er
v
er
s
,
an
d
o
t
h
er
en
d
-
u
s
er
d
ev
ices.
I
P
ad
d
r
ess
i
s
g
iv
en
b
y
th
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
h
o
s
t
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
(
DHCP
)
.
DHCP
is
r
u
n
b
y
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
Switch
es
o
n
th
is
s
y
s
tem
ar
e
wo
r
k
as
a
r
el
ay
b
etwe
en
th
e
h
o
s
t
an
d
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
.
I
P Ad
d
r
ess
o
n
th
is
s
y
s
tem
o
n
ly
h
as o
n
e
s
u
b
n
et.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
,
im
p
lem
en
te
d
lo
ad
b
alan
ci
n
g
in
s
o
f
twar
e
d
e
f
in
ed
n
etwo
r
k
a
r
ch
itectu
r
e
u
s
in
g
f
lo
o
d
lig
h
t
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
r
u
n
th
e
l
o
ad
b
alan
cin
g
,
th
e
r
e
ar
e
two
m
ain
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
o
n
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
s
u
ch
as
m
ai
n
s
y
s
tem
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
m
a
in
s
y
s
tem
is
a
s
y
s
tem
th
at
r
u
n
t
h
e
m
ain
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
n
a
m
ely
g
ate
way
lo
ad
b
alan
cin
g
,
u
s
in
g
Djik
s
tr
a
r
o
u
tin
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
T
h
e
ty
p
e
o
f
lo
ad
b
alan
cin
g
u
s
ed
is
least
-
lo
ad
-
p
er
-
f
l
o
w
lo
ad
b
alan
ci
n
g
.
E
ac
h
f
lo
w
is
a
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
I
P
Ad
d
r
ess
,
MA
C
ad
d
r
ess
an
d
s
o
u
r
ce
-
d
esti
n
atio
n
p
o
r
t
[
2
5
]
.
C
o
n
tr
o
ller
d
eter
m
in
e
wh
ich
g
atew
ay
is
co
m
p
atib
le
t
o
f
o
r
war
d
m
atch
in
g
p
ac
k
et
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
lo
w.
T
h
e
ch
o
s
en
g
atew
ay
is
a
g
atew
ay
with
th
e
lo
west
tr
af
f
ic
at
th
e
tim
e.
I
n
o
r
d
e
r
f
o
r
th
e
m
ain
s
y
s
tem
to
r
u
n
,
n
ee
d
s
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
tem
th
a
t
ca
n
r
u
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
s
u
ch
as f
o
r
war
d
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
DHCP
s
er
v
ice,
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
p
r
o
x
y
AR
P.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
we
test
ed
a
lo
ad
b
alan
ce
r
f
u
n
ctio
n
t
h
at
im
p
lem
en
ted
o
n
Flo
o
d
lig
h
t
c
o
n
t
r
o
ller
with
b
ip
ar
tite
to
p
o
l
o
g
y
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
atew
ay
co
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
s
witch
es
in
L
2
(
L
1
)
b
etwe
en
2
-
4
a
n
d
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
h
o
s
t
-
co
n
n
ec
te
d
s
witch
es
(
L
2
)
b
etwe
en
2
-
8
.
Sev
e
r
al
ty
p
es
o
f
tr
af
f
ic,
i
n
clu
d
in
g
UDP
f
lo
w,
Vo
I
P,
an
d
DNS
is
s
en
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
n
etwo
r
k
w
h
ile
d
elay
,
b
it
r
ate,
p
ac
k
et
r
ate
a
n
d
p
ac
k
et
s
u
cc
ess
r
ate
o
f
ea
ch
tr
af
f
ic
is
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
.
Fo
r
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
we
u
s
e
d
2
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
as sh
o
wn
in
T
a
b
le
1
,
s
u
ch
as scen
ar
io
1
an
d
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
2
.
T
ab
le
1
.
E
v
alu
atio
n
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
L1
L2
N
u
mb
e
r
o
f
H
o
s
t
G
e
n
e
r
a
t
e
B
a
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
Tr
a
f
f
i
c
V
a
l
u
e
o
f
B
a
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
Tr
a
f
f
i
c
S
c
e
n
a
r
i
o
1
2
2
-
8
2
;
4
;
6
;
8
;
8
;
8
;
8
1
0
0
M
b
i
t
/
s
3
2
-
8
2
;
4
;
6
;
8
;
8
;
8
;
7
1
0
0
M
b
i
t
/
s
4
2
-
8
2
;
4
;
6
;
8
;
8
;
7
;
7
1
0
0
M
b
i
t
/
s
S
c
e
n
a
r
i
o
2
2
2
-
8
4
1
0
0
M
b
i
t
/
s
3
2
-
8
4
1
0
0
M
b
i
t
/
s
4
2
-
8
4
1
0
0
M
b
i
t
/
s
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
ev
alu
atio
n
is
d
o
n
e
b
y
m
e
asu
r
in
g
d
ela
y
,
b
it r
ate,
p
ac
k
et
r
ate
an
d
p
ac
k
et
s
u
cc
ess
r
ate
i
n
a
b
ip
a
r
tite
to
p
o
lo
g
y
with
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
L
1
an
d
L
2
wh
ile
s
en
d
in
g
v
ar
io
u
s
ty
p
es
o
f
tr
af
f
ic
with
two
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
ev
alu
atio
n
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
,
s
u
c
h
as:
3
.
1
.
Scena
rio
1
3
.
1
.
1
.
UDP
f
lo
ws
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
wn
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
d
elay
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
to
r
esu
lts
b
ef
o
r
e
lo
ad
b
alan
ci
n
g
.
T
h
e
m
o
r
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
witch
es
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
h
o
s
t,
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
d
elay
is
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
u
e
to
th
e
m
o
r
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
o
s
t
th
at
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
1
8
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
2
3
5
2
-
2361
2354
g
en
er
ates
th
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
tr
af
f
ic
in
ea
ch
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
wn
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
b
it
r
ate.
T
h
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
v
alu
e
o
f
d
elay
af
ter
lo
a
d
b
alan
ci
n
g
ca
n
in
cr
ea
s
ed
t
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
b
it
r
ate.
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
wn
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
p
ac
k
et
r
ate.
T
h
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
v
alu
e
o
f
d
ela
y
af
ter
lo
ad
b
alan
cin
g
ca
n
in
cr
ea
s
ed
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
p
ac
k
et
r
at
e.
Fig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
wn
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
p
ac
k
et
s
u
cc
ess
r
ate.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
Fig
u
r
e
5
th
e
r
e
ar
e
o
b
tain
e
d
a
p
ac
k
et
lo
s
s
b
u
t
th
e
lo
ad
b
alan
ce
r
ca
n
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
p
ac
k
et
lo
s
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
U
DP f
lo
w
d
ela
y
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
UDP
f
lo
w
b
it
r
ate
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
UDP
f
lo
w
p
ac
k
et
r
at
e
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
UDP
f
lo
w
p
ac
k
et
s
u
cc
ess
r
ate
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
Dis
tr
ib
u
ted
g
a
tew
a
y
-
b
a
s
ed
lo
a
d
b
a
l
a
n
cin
g
in
s
o
ftw
a
r
e
d
efin
ed
n
etw
o
r
k
(
Ha
lima
h
Tu
s
s
ya
d
ia
h
)
2355
3
.
1
.
2
.
Vo
I
P
Fig
u
r
e
6
s
h
o
w
n
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
d
elay
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
r
esu
lts
b
ef
o
r
e
lo
a
d
b
alan
ci
n
g
.
T
h
e
m
o
r
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
witch
es
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
h
o
s
t,
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
d
elay
is
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
u
e
to
th
e
m
o
r
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
o
s
t
th
at
g
en
er
ates
th
e
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
tr
af
f
ic
in
ea
ch
to
p
o
lo
g
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
wn
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
b
it
r
ate.
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ased
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I
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N
:
1
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T
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NI
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2356
3
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ased
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
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n
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m
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)
2357
Fro
m
all
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ased
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
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m
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n
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ased
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
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n
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o
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(
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Fig
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r
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r
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ca
n
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o
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tr
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.
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(
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[7
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ri
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lak
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Larry
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tt
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k
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Jo
n
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th
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n
Tu
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r.
“
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Ca
m
p
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s
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tw
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ACM
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IGC
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S
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Je
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M
u
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h
o
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n
,
Ke
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h
S
k
lo
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r
,
“
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a
b
li
n
g
S
DN
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tati
o
n
in
Ne
two
rk
T
e
stb
e
d
s
,
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Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
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e
ACM
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ter
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t
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d
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Fu
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S
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NFV
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p
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doi
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[9
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F
o
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s,
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n
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f
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n
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M
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h
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sh
K.
M
a
rin
a
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a
n
d
Kim
o
n
Ko
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t
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v
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s
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li
s.
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o
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fin
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two
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in
g
c
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n
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e
p
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S
o
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fin
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rk
s
(S
DMN):
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two
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Arc
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a
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l
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En
g
in
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in
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,
U
n
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v
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ll
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p
p
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.
[On
li
n
e
].
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v
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le:
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tt
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A
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A.
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S
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lab
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n
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lo
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D
N
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lo
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Co
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tro
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u
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IEE
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Acc
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v
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7
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p
p
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3
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2
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G
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M
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Un
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].
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5
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rik
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.
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m
y
a
,
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a
ly
sis
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f
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d
Ba
lan
c
in
g
Alg
o
rit
h
m
in
S
o
ftwa
re
De
fin
e
d
Ne
two
rk
in
g
,”
2
0
1
7
2
n
d
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
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fer
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n
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.
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6
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l
Ho
sn
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F
o
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a
d
Aly
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n
tr
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r
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p
ti
v
e
L
o
a
d
Ba
lan
c
in
g
f
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r
S
DN
Ne
two
rk
s,"
2
0
1
9
El
e
v
e
n
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
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n
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n
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i
q
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i
to
u
s a
n
d
F
u
tu
re
Ne
two
rk
s (ICUFN)
,
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re
b
,
Cro
a
ti
a
,
p
p
.
5
1
4
-
5
1
9
,
2
0
1
9
.
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7
]
M
.
M
.
S
o
to
C
o
rd
o
v
a
,
G
.
Ch
a
v
e
z
Hid
a
lg
o
,
R.
Ñiq
u
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n
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g
a
,
"
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p
ro
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c
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f
P
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rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
An
a
ly
sis fo
r
Co
n
tr
o
ll
e
rs o
f
S
o
ftwa
re
De
fin
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d
Ne
two
rk
in
g
,
"
2
0
1
9
C
o
n
g
re
so
I
n
ter
n
a
c
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o
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l
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I
n
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T
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n
d
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n
c
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s
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In
g
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n
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ria
(
CONIITI)
,
BOG
OTA,
Co
lo
m
b
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p
p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
8
]
B.
A.
M
.
Ha
id
i,
T.
W.
A
u
,
S
.
H.
S
h
a
h
Ne
wa
z
,
"
S
i
n
g
le
C
lu
ste
r
L
o
a
d
Ba
lan
c
in
g
Us
i
n
g
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DN
:
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a
n
c
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Co
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p
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b
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twe
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n
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lo
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t
a
n
d
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,
"
2
0
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IEE
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1
9
th
In
tern
a
ti
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l
Co
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C
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m
m
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p
p
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3
3
2
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1
3
3
6
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2
0
1
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9
]
Lan
tz
B.
,
He
ll
e
r
B.
,
M
c
Ke
o
wn
N.
,
“
A
n
e
two
rk
in
a
lap
to
p
:
ra
p
id
p
ro
to
t
y
p
i
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g
f
o
r
so
ftwa
re
-
d
e
fi
n
e
d
n
e
two
r
k
s
,
”
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c
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d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
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1
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h
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rk
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o
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t
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Ne
two
rk
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tNe
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1
0
,
M
o
n
tere
y
,
CA,
USA
,
2
0
1
0
.
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0
]
Ke
ti
F
.
,
As
k
a
r
S
.
,
“
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lati
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f
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o
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re
De
fin
e
d
Ne
two
rk
s
Us
in
g
M
in
in
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t
in
Diffe
re
n
t
S
imu
lati
o
n
En
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts,
”
2
0
1
5
6
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
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n
I
n
telli
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e
n
t
S
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M
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in
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a
n
d
S
im
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la
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p
.
2
0
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1
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0
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5
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tt
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s:/
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S
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0
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5
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4
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1
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Na
q
v
i
H.
A.,
He
rti
a
n
a
S
.
N
.
,
Ne
g
a
ra
R.
M
.
,
“
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n
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b
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n
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m
u
lt
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p
a
th
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ti
n
g
fo
r
u
n
ica
st
traffic
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n
Et
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t
n
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two
r
k
,”
2
0
1
5
3
r
d
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
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n
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l
C
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fer
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c
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In
fo
rm
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t
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d
C
o
mm
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ti
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T
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c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
IC
o
ICT
2
0
1
5
)
,
p
p
.
2
4
5
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2
5
0
,
2
0
1
5
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tt
p
s://
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0
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ICT.
2
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2
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[2
2
]
R.
Tu
ll
o
h
,
H.
T
u
ss
y
a
d
ia
h
,
R.
W.
Hu
tab
ri,
a
n
d
R.
M
.
Ne
g
a
ra
,
“
Lo
a
d
Distrib
u
t
io
n
A
n
a
ly
sis
On
Bi
p
a
rti
te
To
p
o
lo
g
y
Us
in
g
F
lo
o
d
li
g
h
t
Co
n
tro
ll
e
r”
,
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
T
h
e
o
re
ti
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