T
E
L
K
O
M
N
I
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
un
ica
t
io
n,
Co
m
pu
t
ing
,
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Co
ntr
o
l
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
2
1
,
p
p
.
801
~
8
0
8
I
SS
N:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
,
ac
cr
ed
ited
First Gr
ad
e
b
y
Kem
en
r
is
tek
d
i
k
ti,
Dec
r
ee
No
: 2
1
/E/KPT
/2
0
1
8
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
2
9
2
8
/TE
L
KOM
NI
K
A.
v
1
9
i3
.
1
8
7
6
4
801
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//jo
u
r
n
a
l.u
a
d
.
a
c.
id
/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/TELK
OM
N
I
K
A
Custo
mer ap
plica
tion pro
toco
l f
o
r
da
ta trans
fer
bet
ween
embedded
proces
so
r and micro
co
n
troller sy
stems
M
a
zin R
.
K
ha
li
l
,
L
a
it
h A.
M
o
ha
m
m
e
d
,
O
ma
r
N.
Yo
us
if
Tec
h
n
ica
l
En
g
in
e
e
ri
n
g
C
o
ll
e
g
e
,
No
rth
e
rn
Tec
h
n
ica
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
M
o
su
l,
I
ra
q
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Au
g
7
,
2
0
2
0
R
ev
is
ed
No
v
5
,
2
0
2
0
Acc
ep
ted
No
v
2
5
,
2
0
2
0
Th
is
p
a
p
e
r
d
e
v
e
lo
p
s
a
n
e
w
c
u
st
o
m
e
r
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
p
ro
t
o
c
o
l
(CAP)
t
o
imp
r
o
v
e
th
e
e
fficie
n
c
y
o
f
tran
sfe
rrin
g
d
a
ta
b
e
twe
e
n
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
p
ro
c
e
ss
o
r
a
n
d
m
icro
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
sy
ste
m
s.
Th
e
e
s
tab
li
sh
e
d
p
ro
t
o
c
o
l
is
c
h
a
ra
c
teriz
e
d
b
y
it
s
fid
e
li
ty
a
n
d
sim
p
li
c
it
y
f
o
r
u
sin
g
a
sm
a
ll
h
e
a
d
e
r
to
c
o
n
tro
l
a
n
d
m
o
n
it
o
r
t
h
e
d
a
ta
flo
w b
e
twe
e
n
th
e
two
s
y
ste
m
s.
Th
is i
s a
c
h
iev
e
d
b
y
c
o
n
stru
c
ti
n
g
a
n
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
p
ro
c
e
ss
o
r
sy
ste
m
wi
th
a
n
E
th
e
rn
e
t
in
tellec
tu
a
l
p
ro
p
e
rty
(IP
)
c
o
re
f
e
a
tu
re
d
b
y
li
g
h
twe
i
g
h
t
IP
(
lwIP
)
to
se
tt
le
a
c
o
n
n
e
c
ti
o
n
wit
h
a
m
icro
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r
d
e
v
ice
.
Th
e
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
s
y
ste
m
is
c
o
n
fi
g
u
re
d
o
n
s
p
a
rtan
6
E
F
P
G
As
slice
.
Th
e
sy
ste
m
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
is
tes
ted
b
y
tran
sfe
rrin
g
a
u
d
i
o
sa
m
p
les
a
n
d
d
isp
lay
in
g
th
e
m
o
n
c
h
ip
sc
o
p
e
m
e
d
ia.
T
h
e
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
tes
t
o
f
th
e
d
e
sig
n
e
d
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
s
y
ste
m
with
th
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
c
u
st
o
m
e
r
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
p
r
o
t
o
c
o
l
sh
o
we
d
fa
st,
e
fficie
n
t
a
n
d
h
i
g
h
p
re
c
isio
n
d
a
ta ex
c
h
a
n
g
e
b
e
twe
e
n
th
e
p
r
o
c
e
ss
o
r
a
n
d
m
icro
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r
sy
ste
m
s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
C
u
s
to
m
er
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
E
m
b
ed
d
e
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
E
th
er
n
et
L
ig
h
tweig
h
t I
P
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Om
ar
N.
Yo
u
s
if
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
C
o
m
p
u
ter
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
No
u
r
th
er
n
T
ec
h
n
ical
Un
i
v
er
s
ity
Ma
j m
o
ah
,
Mo
s
u
l,
I
r
aq
E
m
ail:
n
ab
ilo
m
ar
2
3
7
@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
No
w
a
d
ay
,
elec
tr
o
n
ic
d
ev
ices
th
at
r
eq
u
ir
e
to
co
m
m
u
n
icate
with
ea
ch
o
th
er
s
ar
e
m
o
s
tly
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
n
etwo
r
k
s
with
r
ea
l
tim
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
is
is
d
o
n
e
b
y
u
s
in
g
T
C
P/IP
p
r
o
to
c
o
l.
L
ig
h
tweig
h
t
I
P
(
l
wI
P
)
is
o
p
en
s
o
u
r
ce
T
C
P/IP
n
etwo
r
k
in
g
s
tack
th
at
is
u
s
ed
o
r
ig
in
ally
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
Ad
am
Dan
k
els
[
1
]
,
I
t
s
eize
s
s
m
all
m
em
o
r
y
s
ize
(
r
an
d
o
m
ac
ce
s
s
m
em
o
r
y
(
R
AM
)
an
d
r
ea
d
o
n
ly
m
em
o
r
y
(
R
OM
)
)
to
co
n
f
o
r
m
with
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
s
y
s
tem
p
r
er
eq
u
is
ites
[
1
-
5
].
T
h
e
lig
h
t
weig
h
t
I
P
(
lwI
P),
av
ailab
le
u
n
d
er
th
e
B
er
k
eley
s
o
f
twar
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
(
B
SD
)
licen
s
e,
en
ab
les th
e
d
esig
n
ed
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
to
co
n
f
ig
u
r
e
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l th
e
lay
e
r
s
in
T
CP
/I
P p
r
o
to
co
l.
A
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
l
ler
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
v
ar
io
u
s
q
u
an
titi
es
f
o
r
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
in
g
wate
r
q
u
ality
b
y
a
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
d
is
tr
ib
u
tin
g
d
a
ta
o
v
er
th
e
i
n
ter
n
et
was
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
b
y
[
6
]
.
U
p
l
o
ad
i
n
g
n
ew
f
iles
an
d
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
to
th
e
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
web
s
er
v
er
u
s
in
g
f
ile
tr
an
s
f
er
p
r
o
to
co
l
(
FTP)
was
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
Stip
a
n
icev
a
n
d
J
ad
r
an
k
a
[
7
]
.
An
em
b
ed
d
e
d
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
en
t
(
DC
)
m
o
to
r
p
o
s
itio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
with
u
s
er
d
atag
r
am
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
(
UDP)
was
d
esig
n
ed
by
Ah
m
ed
et
a
l.
[
8
]
.
S
ch
em
a
o
f
d
o
w
n
lo
ad
o
p
er
atio
n
to
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
b
o
ar
d
u
s
in
g
th
e
tr
iv
ial
f
ile
tr
an
s
f
er
p
r
o
to
co
l
(
T
FTP)
s
er
v
er
o
n
th
e
ad
v
an
ce
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
in
s
tr
u
ctio
n
s
et
co
m
p
u
tin
g
(
R
I
SC
)
m
ac
h
in
e
(
AR
M
)
b
ased
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
m
icr
o
co
n
t
r
o
ller
L
PC
2
2
1
0
was
p
r
esen
ted
by
Qiu
et
a
l.
,
[
9
]
.
Fre
e
R
T
OS o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
tem
b
ase
d
on
h
y
p
er
tex
t
tr
an
s
f
er
p
r
o
to
co
l
(
HT
T
P
)
was
en
v
is
ag
ed
b
y
Mo
r
it
z
et
a
l.
[
1
0
]
.
I
n
a
p
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
in
ter
f
ac
e
(
API
)
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
ap
p
licatio
n
b
ased
o
n
HT
T
P
p
r
o
to
co
l
was
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
Xu
[1
1
]
.
Ma
ch
in
e
to
m
ac
h
in
e
(
M2
M)
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
ased
o
n
HT
T
P p
r
o
to
co
l
was
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
b
y
Sh
a
r
an
an
d
Asati
[1
2
].
B
ased
o
n
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
ab
o
v
e
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
wo
r
k
s
,
it
is
clea
r
th
at,
t
h
er
e
is
a
n
ee
d
to
d
ev
elo
p
a
s
im
p
le
an
d
ef
f
i
cien
t
cu
s
to
m
er
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
,
c
u
s
to
m
e
r
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
(
C
AP
)
to
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
2
1
:
8
0
1
-
8
0
8
802
f
ac
ilit
ate
tr
an
s
f
er
r
i
n
g
d
ata
b
et
wee
n
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
an
d
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
y
s
tem
,
A
r
d
u
in
o
m
eg
a2
5
6
0
[
1
3
,
14
]
,
th
is
tar
g
et
ca
n
b
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
b
y
c
o
n
s
tr
u
ctin
g
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
with
E
th
er
n
et
I
P
co
r
e
to
s
ettle
d
ata
lin
k
with
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
d
ev
ice
u
s
in
g
e
m
b
ed
d
e
d
d
esig
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
an
d
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
C
AP
p
r
o
to
co
l
.
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
is
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
u
s
in
g
C
lan
g
u
ag
e
a
t
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
id
e
in
th
e
s
o
f
t
war
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
k
it (
SDK)
p
latf
o
r
m
[
2,
15
]
a
n
d
u
s
in
g
C
++
lan
g
u
ag
e
at
th
e
i
n
t
eg
r
ated
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
(
I
DE
)
at
th
e
m
icr
o
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
s
id
e
[
16
].
T
h
e
r
em
ain
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
p
a
p
e
r
i
m
p
l
i
e
s
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
2
t
h
a
t
p
r
es
e
n
t
s
t
h
e
C
AP
,
d
a
t
a
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
a
ti
o
n
.
S
e
c
ti
o
n
3
d
e
a
l
s
w
it
h
s
y
s
t
e
m
h
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
c
o
n
s
t
r
u
c
ti
o
n
,
R
es
u
l
t
a
n
d
c
o
n
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
s
a
r
e
p
r
es
e
n
t
ed
in
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
4
a
n
d
s
ec
t
i
o
n
5
r
e
s
p
ec
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
2.
CUST
O
M
E
R
AP
P
L
I
CAT
I
O
N
P
RO
T
O
CO
L
(
C
A
P)
T
h
e
d
ata
is
r
e
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
d
if
f
er
en
t f
ash
io
n
s
ac
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
h
o
s
t o
p
er
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
.
I
t’
s
s
en
t a
s
u
n
s
ig
n
ed
in
teg
er
b
y
tes
,
an
d
th
en
at
r
ec
e
i
v
er
s
id
e,
it
is
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
cted
t
o
its
o
r
i
g
in
al
f
o
r
m
.
C
u
s
to
m
er
a
p
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
(
C
AP)
is
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
d
ata
f
lo
w
an
d
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
C
AP
p
r
o
to
co
l
,
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
h
er
e,
im
p
lies
ad
d
in
g
a
h
ea
d
er
c
o
n
tr
o
l
to
th
e
d
ata
s
e
n
t
th
at
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
d
ata
ty
p
e
b
y
te,
s
ess
io
n
b
y
te,
p
ac
k
a
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
,
to
tal
p
ac
k
ag
e
n
u
m
b
er
an
d
two
b
y
tes f
o
r
p
ac
k
ag
e
len
g
t
h
as sh
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Dev
el
o
p
ed
c
u
s
to
m
er
ap
p
licatio
n
h
ea
d
er
p
r
o
to
c
o
l f
o
r
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
er
b
etwe
en
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
an
d
a
n
em
b
ed
d
e
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
2
.
1
.
Da
t
a
re
presenta
t
io
n
Fo
r
ex
ch
a
n
g
in
g
d
ata
b
etwe
en
th
e
two
s
y
s
tem
s
,
two
p
o
in
ts
n
ee
d
to
b
e
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
p
o
in
t
is
th
at
th
e
m
icr
o
b
laze
u
s
es
b
ig
-
en
d
ian
b
it
-
r
ev
e
r
s
ed
d
ata
f
o
r
m
at
[
17
]
wh
ile
th
e
m
icr
o
co
n
t
r
o
ller
s
y
s
tem
u
s
es
little
-
e
n
d
ian
f
o
r
m
at
to
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
d
ata,
also
t
h
e
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
in
C
AP
p
r
o
to
co
l
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
in
little
-
e
n
d
ian
m
o
d
e
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
b
ig
-
en
d
ian
d
ata
f
o
r
m
at
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
a
n
d
F
ig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
ws
th
e
l
o
ca
tio
n
o
f
th
e
d
ata
b
y
tes
o
n
m
em
o
r
y
in
ea
ch
m
o
d
e.
C
AP
p
r
o
to
co
l
tak
es
ca
r
e
o
f
t
h
is
p
o
in
t
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
g
lo
b
al
v
ar
iab
le
(
ex
ter
n
v
ar
iab
le)
as
a
b
u
f
f
e
r
s
to
r
ed
in
t
h
e
h
ea
p
m
em
o
r
y
.
As
th
e
h
ea
p
m
em
o
r
y
g
r
o
ws
[
1
8
-
2
0
]
in
a
r
ev
er
s
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
to
th
e
s
tack
m
em
o
r
y
g
r
o
wth
[
21
]
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
d
i
f
f
er
en
t d
ata
f
o
r
m
at
is
s
o
lv
ed
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
o
in
t is
th
e
d
ata
ty
p
e.
C
AP
p
r
o
to
co
l
h
ea
d
er
h
as
d
ata
ty
p
e
co
d
e
b
y
te
th
at
h
elp
s
to
f
etch
d
ata
f
r
o
m
e
x
ter
n
b
u
f
f
er
as
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
d
ata
ty
p
e,
b
o
th
s
y
s
tem
s
h
av
e
d
ata
ty
p
e
co
d
e
tab
le
th
at
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as
r
ef
er
en
ce
.
Data
ty
p
e
co
d
e
d
e
p
en
d
s
o
n
d
ata
ty
p
e
an
d
d
ata
s
ize
s
u
c
h
as in
t8
,
an
d
u
n
i
n
t1
6
.
2
.
2
.
F
l
o
w
co
ntr
o
l
T
h
e
f
lo
w
co
n
t
r
o
l b
y
tes
(
s
ess
io
n
b
y
te,
p
ac
k
ag
e
n
u
m
b
er
b
y
te,
to
tal
p
ac
k
ag
e
n
u
m
b
er
b
y
te,
s
iz
e
p
ac
k
a
g
e
b
y
tes),
er
r
o
r
m
ess
ag
e,
an
d
ac
k
n
o
wled
g
e
m
ess
ag
e
en
ab
le
d
at
a
f
lo
w
u
n
d
er
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
c
u
s
to
m
er
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l.
T
h
e
s
ess
i
o
n
b
y
te
p
r
ev
en
ts
in
te
r
f
e
r
en
ce
b
etwe
en
n
ew
an
d
o
l
d
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
itted
b
y
th
e
s
am
e
h
o
s
t.
Pack
ag
e
n
u
m
b
er
a
n
d
p
a
ck
ag
e
len
g
th
ar
e
u
s
ed
in
d
ata
f
r
ag
m
en
tatio
n
[
22
-
24
]
,
th
e
b
y
tes
in
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
p
ac
k
ag
e
a
r
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
ed
f
r
o
m
0
to
6
5
,
5
3
6
.
T
h
e
c
alcu
latio
n
f
o
r
th
e
p
ac
k
a
g
es
o
f
f
s
et
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
i
n
(
1
)
.
T
h
e
m
ax
im
u
m
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
er
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
C
AP
p
r
o
to
co
l
is
2
24
-
1
b
y
te
b
ec
au
s
e
p
ac
k
ag
e
o
f
f
s
et
is
2
4
b
its
.
I
n
ca
s
e
th
e
s
ize
o
f
th
e
u
s
ed
p
ac
k
ag
e
is
lar
g
er
t
h
an
1
6
b
it
s
,
th
e
s
ca
lin
g
f
ac
to
r
(
S)
is
ad
d
ed
to
(
2
)
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tly
,
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
er
d
ep
e
n
d
s
o
n
s
ca
lin
g
f
ac
to
r
v
al
u
e
.
T
h
e
to
tal
p
ac
k
ag
e
b
y
te
is
u
s
ed
to
d
et
er
m
in
e
th
e
en
d
o
f
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
an
d
f
r
ee
c
o
o
k
ies
f
o
r
n
ew
tr
a
n
s
m
it.
Pa
c
k
a
ge
off
s
e
t
=
n
umb
e
r
pa
c
k
a
ge
∗
pa
c
k
a
ge
s
ize
(
1
)
Pa
c
k
a
ge
off
s
e
t
=
n
umb
e
r
pa
c
k
a
ge
∗
pa
c
k
a
ge
s
ize
∗
(
2
)
T
h
e
clien
t
h
as
to
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
at
ev
er
y
p
ac
k
ag
e
s
en
t
wh
e
n
ar
r
i
v
es
is
er
r
o
r
-
f
r
ee
,
in
th
is
ca
s
e
an
ac
k
n
o
wled
g
m
en
t
m
ess
ag
e
as sh
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
4
is
s
en
t
to
th
e
cl
ien
ts
.
T
h
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
will
b
e
lo
s
t
if
th
e
cl
ien
t d
o
esn
’
t
r
ec
eiv
e
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
C
u
s
to
mer a
p
p
lica
tio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l fo
r
d
a
ta
tr
a
n
s
fer
b
etw
ee
n
emb
ed
d
ed
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
a
n
d
…
(
Ma
z
in
R
K
h
a
lil
)
803
ac
k
n
o
wled
g
e
m
en
t
m
ess
ag
e.
I
f
an
y
er
r
o
r
ty
p
e
o
f
th
o
s
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
T
ab
le
1
accu
r
an
er
r
o
r
m
ess
ag
e
as
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
5
will b
e
s
en
t.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
B
ig
-
e
n
d
ian
d
ata
f
o
r
m
at
F
i
g
u
r
e
3
.
(
a
)
L
i
t
t
l
e
-
e
n
d
i
a
n
d
a
t
a
f
o
r
m
a
t
,
(
b
)
B
i
g
-
e
n
d
i
a
n
d
a
t
a
f
o
r
m
a
t
,
(
c
)
M
e
m
o
r
y
m
a
p
f
o
r
h
e
a
p
a
n
d
s
t
a
c
k
m
e
m
o
r
y
T
ab
le
1
.
E
r
r
o
r
t
y
p
e
NO.
Er
r
o
r
t
y
p
e
C
o
d
e
1
D
a
t
a
t
y
p
e
e
r
r
o
r
1
2
S
e
ssi
o
n
2
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Ack
n
o
wled
g
e
m
ess
ag
e
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
er
r
o
r
m
ess
ag
e
2
.
3
.
Co
o
k
ies
L
ar
g
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
d
ata
is
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
m
o
r
e
th
an
o
n
e
p
ac
k
a
g
e
as
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
g
r
o
u
p
p
ac
k
ag
es,
esp
ec
ially
in
API
R
OW
m
o
d
e,
th
e
ad
d
ed
co
o
k
ies
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
h
o
ld
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
b
o
u
t
t
h
e
last
co
n
n
e
cted
h
o
s
t
as
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
6
.
I
t
co
n
tain
s
l
a
s
t
I
P
clien
t,
co
p
y
o
f
th
e
last
p
ac
k
a
g
e
C
AP
p
r
o
to
co
l
h
ea
d
er
an
d
n
u
m
b
er
s
o
f
p
ac
k
ag
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
.
T
h
e
co
o
k
ies allo
w
th
e
C
AP p
r
o
to
co
l to
co
m
b
in
e
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
p
ac
k
ag
es d
ata
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
C
o
o
k
ies s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
2
.
4
.
So
f
t
wa
re
a
pp
lica
t
io
n de
v
elo
pm
ent
T
h
e
f
lo
w
c
h
ar
t
o
f
th
e
cu
s
to
m
er
ap
p
l
icatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
s
er
v
er
s
o
f
twar
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
k
it
(
SDK
)
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
is
d
ep
ict
e
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
f
l
o
wch
ar
t c
o
n
tain
s
th
e
co
d
es in
c
lan
g
u
ag
e
with
n
o
te
f
o
r
ea
c
h
s
tep
.
I
t
ex
p
lain
s
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
C
AP
p
r
o
to
co
l
in
s
er
v
er
s
id
e.
Fig
u
r
e
8
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
f
lo
w
ch
ar
t
o
f
th
e
cu
s
to
m
er
a
p
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
in
clien
t
in
teg
r
ated
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
en
t
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
(
I
DE
)
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
T
h
e
f
lo
wch
ar
t
co
n
tain
s
th
e
co
d
es
in
C
++
lan
g
u
ag
e
(
Ar
d
u
in
o
)
with
n
o
te
f
o
r
ea
ch
s
tep
.
I
t
ex
p
lain
s
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
C
AP
p
r
o
to
co
l
in
clien
t sid
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
2
1
:
8
0
1
-
8
0
8
804
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
f
lo
wch
a
r
t f
o
r
th
e
cu
s
to
m
er
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
to
c
o
l o
f
th
e
s
er
v
er
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
T
h
e
f
lo
wch
a
r
t o
f
t
h
e
cu
s
to
m
er
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
o
f
th
e
clien
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
C
u
s
to
mer a
p
p
lica
tio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l fo
r
d
a
ta
tr
a
n
s
fer
b
etw
ee
n
emb
ed
d
ed
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
a
n
d
…
(
Ma
z
in
R
K
h
a
lil
)
805
3.
S
YST
E
M
H
ARDWA
RE
D
E
VE
L
O
P
M
E
NT
T
h
e
d
esig
n
e
d
em
b
e
d
d
ed
p
r
o
c
ess
o
r
s
y
s
tem
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
T
h
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
d
esig
n
ed
em
b
ed
d
e
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
with
E
th
er
n
etlite
I
P
co
r
e
th
at
ac
t
as
a
m
ed
ia
ac
ce
s
s
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
MA
C
)
o
p
er
atin
g
with
in
ter
r
u
p
t
ac
tiv
e
m
o
d
e
[
25
,
26
]
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
ed
s
y
s
tem
u
s
es
AXI
4
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
t
m
o
d
u
l
e
th
at
ac
t
as
s
y
s
te
m
b
u
s
[
27
]
,
m
em
o
r
y
co
n
tr
o
ller
MCB
-
DD
R
2
[
28
]
to
co
n
tr
o
l
a
1
2
8
M
b
y
te
d
u
al
d
at
a
r
ate
m
e
m
o
r
y
(
DDR
-
SDR
AM
)
R
E
AD/
W
R
I
T
E
o
p
er
atio
n
s
,
an
in
ter
r
u
p
t
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
I
NT
C
)
[
29
]
to
d
ea
l
with
th
e
E
th
er
n
etlite
I
P
co
r
e
an
d
tim
er
in
ter
r
u
p
t sig
n
als,
AXI
4
tim
e
r
[
30
]
an
d
o
th
e
r
n
ec
ess
ar
y
p
e
r
ip
h
er
als.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
h
ar
d
war
e
p
ar
t o
f
th
e
d
esig
n
e
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
T
h
e
Data
E
x
ch
an
g
e
L
in
k
is
test
ed
b
y
s
en
d
in
g
an
au
d
io
r
ec
o
r
d
(
4
k
B
y
te
s
ize)
f
r
o
m
Ma
tlab
(
PC
)
to
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
with
5
p
ac
k
a
g
es,
an
d
is
th
en
tr
an
s
m
itted
f
r
o
m
m
ic
r
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
t
o
m
icr
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
d
esig
n
ed
s
y
s
tem
with
1
6
p
ac
k
ag
es.
All
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
s
ar
e
d
o
n
e
u
n
d
er
c
u
s
to
m
e
r
p
r
o
to
c
o
l.
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
s
h
o
ws
th
e
au
d
io
s
ig
n
al
cr
ea
ted
i
n
Ma
tlab
m
e
d
ia.
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
s
h
o
ws
a
s
am
p
les
o
f
au
d
i
o
s
ig
n
al
c
r
ea
ted
in
Ma
tlab
,
s
am
p
les
o
f
th
e
a
u
d
i
o
s
ig
n
al
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
to
m
icr
o
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
m
ed
ia
an
d
s
am
p
les
o
f
th
e
au
d
io
s
ig
n
al
tr
an
s
f
er
r
e
d
to
m
icr
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
m
ed
ia.
I
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
with
p
r
ev
io
u
s
wo
r
k
s
,
th
e
C
AP
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
f
lex
ib
le
an
d
p
o
wer
f
u
l
f
o
r
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
er
.
I
t
is
also
ac
cu
r
ate
an
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
ed
b
y
its
lo
w
co
m
p
lex
ity
with
lo
wer
p
ac
k
ag
e
co
n
tr
o
l
n
u
m
b
er
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
d
ata
r
ec
eiv
ed
b
y
t
h
e
m
icr
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
o
n
ch
ip
s
co
p
e
win
d
o
ws.
E
ac
h
win
d
o
w
d
is
p
lay
o
n
e
K
b
y
te
o
f
d
ata.
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
Or
ig
in
al
au
d
io
r
ec
o
r
d
d
ata
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
2
1
:
8
0
1
-
8
0
8
806
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
(
a)
Sam
p
les o
f
au
d
i
o
d
ata
in
Ma
tlab
,
(
b
)
Sam
p
les o
f
au
d
i
o
d
ata
in
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
,
(
c)
Sam
p
les o
f
a
u
d
io
d
ata
in
m
icr
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
d
esig
n
s
y
s
tem
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
C
u
s
to
mer a
p
p
lica
tio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l fo
r
d
a
ta
tr
a
n
s
fer
b
etw
ee
n
emb
ed
d
ed
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
a
n
d
…
(
Ma
z
in
R
K
h
a
lil
)
807
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
(
a)
1
ST
KB
o
f
r
ec
ei
v
ed
d
ata,
(
b
)
2
nd
KB
o
f
r
ec
eiv
ed
d
ata
,
(
c
)
3
rd
KB
o
f
r
ec
ei
v
ed
d
ata
,
(
d
)
4
th
KB
o
f
r
ec
eiv
ed
d
ata
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
S
A
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
er
s
y
s
tem
was
d
esig
n
ed
to
ex
ch
an
g
e
d
ata
b
etwe
en
m
icr
o
co
n
t
r
o
ller
an
d
em
b
ed
d
e
d
m
icr
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
s
u
s
in
g
eth
er
n
et
I
P c
o
r
e
an
d
a
d
ev
elo
p
ed
c
u
s
to
m
er
ap
p
lic
atio
n
p
r
o
t
o
co
l.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
is
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
f
o
llo
win
g
:
lwI
P
f
ac
ilit
ates
ap
p
ly
in
g
a
T
C
P/IP
p
r
o
to
co
l
f
o
r
t
h
e
d
esig
n
ed
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
cu
s
to
m
er
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
o
f
f
e
r
a
p
r
o
f
icien
t
co
n
tr
o
l
o
n
tr
an
s
f
er
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
er
e
d
i
n
cu
s
to
m
e
r
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l
was
m
ax
im
ized
t
o
1
6
MB
with
a
b
ilit
y
to
b
e
ex
p
an
d
ed
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
is
with
h
ig
h
p
r
ec
is
io
n
d
ata
tr
a
n
s
f
er
s
u
ch
th
at
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
e
r
r
o
r
in
th
e
r
ec
ei
v
ed
d
ata
is
(
0
.
0
1
-
0
.
2
%)
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
A.
Du
n
k
e
ls
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
Im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
lwIP
TC
P
/IP
S
tac
k
,
”
S
we
d
ish
I
n
stit
u
te
o
f
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
p
p
.
4
0
-
4
6
,
2
0
0
1
.
[2
]
J.
Xu
,
“
Th
e
re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
im
p
l
e
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
TCP
/I
P
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
sta
c
k
,
”
in
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
2
0
1
2
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
C
o
mp
u
ter
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
S
y
ste
m M
o
d
e
li
n
g
,
At
l
a
n
t
is P
re
ss
,
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
0
5
8
4
-
0
5
8
7
.
[3
]
Q.
Hu
i
a
n
d
Q.
Li
,
"
Im
p
lem
e
n
tati
o
n
o
f
LwIP
TC
P
/IP
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
sta
c
k
b
a
se
d
o
n
S
1
C3
3
E0
7
,
"
i
n
S
o
ft
w
a
re
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Kn
o
wled
g
e
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
:
T
h
e
o
ry
a
n
d
Pra
c
t
ice
,
S
p
ri
n
g
e
r,
Ber
li
n
,
He
id
e
l
b
e
rg
,
p
p
.
6
3
5
-
6
4
2
,
2
0
1
2
.
[
4
]
J.
M
o
o
n
a
n
d
M
.
Yo
o
n
,
“
a
n
Im
p
l
e
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
a
Co
n
fi
g
u
ra
b
le
S
e
r
ial
-
To
-
Et
h
e
rn
e
t
C
o
n
v
e
rter
Us
in
g
Lwip
,
”
S
c
ien
c
e
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
(
L
a
h
o
re
),
vo
l
.
2
9
,
p
p
.
1
0
3
-
1
0
7
,
2
0
1
7
.
[5
]
S.
P
a
sc
a
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Arc
h
it
e
c
tu
ra
l
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s
a
n
d
so
l
u
ti
o
n
s
fo
r
c
o
ll
o
c
a
ted
LW
IP
-
A
n
e
two
rk
lay
e
r
p
e
rsp
e
c
ti
v
e
,
"
i
n
2
0
1
7
T
we
n
ty
-
th
ird
Na
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
C
o
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s (NCC),
IE
EE
,
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
.
[6
]
O.
P
o
sto
lac
h
e
e
t
a
l.
,
“
An
In
tern
e
t
a
n
d
M
icro
c
o
n
tro
l
ler
-
Ba
se
d
Re
m
o
te
Op
e
ra
ti
o
n
M
u
lt
i
-
S
e
n
so
r
S
y
ste
m
fo
r
Wate
r
Qu
a
li
ty
M
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
,
”
Pro
c
.
I
EE
E
S
e
n
so
rs
,
v
o
l
.
1
,
2
0
0
2
,
p
p
.
1
5
3
2
-
1
5
3
6
.
[7
]
D.
S
ti
p
a
n
ice
v
a
n
d
M.
Ja
d
ra
n
k
a
,
”
Ne
two
rk
e
d
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
g
re
e
n
h
o
u
se
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
a
n
d
c
o
n
tro
l
,
"
i
n
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
2
0
0
3
IEE
E
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
n
tro
l
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
2
0
0
3
.
CCA
2
0
0
3
,
I
EE
E,
2
0
0
3
,
p
p
.
1
3
5
0
-
1
3
5
5
.
[
8
]
I.
Ah
m
e
d
e
t
a
l.
,
“
In
tern
e
t
-
b
a
se
d
r
e
m
o
te
c
o
n
tro
l
u
si
n
g
a
m
icro
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r
a
n
d
a
n
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
e
t
h
e
rn
e
t,
”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
2
0
0
4
Ame
ric
a
n
Co
n
tro
l
C
o
n
fe
re
n
c
e
,
v
o
l.
2
,
2
0
0
4
,
p
p
.
1
3
2
9
-
1
3
3
4
.
[9
]
S.
Qi
u
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Bu
i
ld
i
n
g
TF
T
P
s
e
rv
e
r
o
n
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
s
y
ste
m
,
"
i
n
2
0
0
8
4
t
h
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
Ne
two
rk
i
n
g
a
n
d
M
o
b
i
le Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
IEE
E,
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
.
1
-
4
.
[
10
]
G.
M
o
rit
z
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Web
se
rv
ice
s o
n
d
e
e
p
ly
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
d
e
v
ice
s with
r
e
a
l
-
ti
m
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
"
i
n
2
0
0
8
IEE
E
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Eme
rg
in
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
a
n
d
Fa
c
t
o
ry
Au
t
o
ma
ti
o
n
,
IE
EE
,
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
.
4
3
2
-
4
3
5
.
[
11
]
Q.
Xu
,
"
A
De
sig
n
a
n
d
imp
lem
e
n
t
o
f
IAP
b
a
se
d
o
n
HTTP
,
"
i
n
2
0
1
1
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
C
o
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
S
e
rv
ice
S
y
ste
m (CS
S
S
),
IE
EE
,
2
0
1
1
,
p
p
.
1
9
1
8
-
1
9
2
2
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
2
1
:
8
0
1
-
8
0
8
808
[
12
]
R.
S
h
a
ra
n
a
n
d
D
.
As
a
ti
,
"
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
Emb
e
d
d
e
d
We
b
S
e
rv
e
r
Co
n
f
ig
u
re
d
o
n
F
P
G
A
Us
in
g
S
o
ft
-
c
o
re
P
ro
c
e
ss
o
r
a
n
d
Web
Cli
e
n
t
o
n
P
C
,
"
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
IJ
EA
T
)
,
v
o
l.
1
,
p
p
.
2
9
5
-
298
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
3
]
M.
Ku
sriy
a
n
to
a
n
d
D.
Ba
m
b
a
n
g
,
"
S
m
a
rt
h
o
m
e
u
si
n
g
l
o
c
a
l
a
re
a
n
e
two
rk
(LAN)
b
a
se
d
a
rd
u
in
o
m
e
g
a
2
5
6
0
,
"
i
n
2
0
1
6
2
n
d
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
W
ire
les
s a
n
d
T
e
lem
a
ti
c
s (ICW
T
)
,
IEE
E
,
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
1
2
7
-
1
3
1
.
[1
4
]
Z.
Ra
iy
a
n
e
t
a
l.
,
"
De
sig
n
o
f
a
n
a
rd
u
in
o
b
a
se
d
v
o
ice
-
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
d
a
u
to
m
a
ted
wh
e
e
lch
a
ir
,
"
i
n
2
0
1
7
I
EE
E
Reg
io
n
1
0
Hu
ma
n
it
a
ria
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
(R1
0
-
HTC),
IEE
E
,
2
0
1
7
,
p
p
.
2
6
7
-
2
7
0
.
[
15
]
S
.
Z
o
ica
n
a
n
d
M
.
Vo
c
h
in
,
“
Lw
IP
sta
c
k
p
ro
t
o
c
o
l
f
o
r
e
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
se
n
so
rs
n
e
tw
o
rk
,
”
in
2
0
1
2
9
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
s,
COM
M
2
0
1
2
-
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s,IE
EE
,
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
2
2
1
-
2
2
4
.
[
16
]
A.
M
a
c
k
e
r
e
t
a
l.
,
"A
RDU
INO
Ba
se
d
LP
G
Ga
s
M
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
Au
t
o
m
a
ti
c
Cy
li
n
d
e
r
Bo
o
k
in
g
with
Ale
rt
S
y
ste
m
,
"
i
n
2
0
1
8
2
n
d
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
T
re
n
d
s i
n
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
I
n
fo
rm
a
ti
c
s (ICOEI),
IE
EE
,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
2
0
9
-
1
2
1
2
.
[
17
]
L.
M
o
ss
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Au
t
o
m
a
ti
o
n
o
f
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
re
fin
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
h
a
rd
wa
re
sy
n
t
h
e
sis
with
i
n
a
sy
ste
m
-
lev
e
l
d
e
sig
n
m
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
,
"
in
2
0
0
8
T
h
e
1
9
th
IEE
E/
IFI
P
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
siu
m
o
n
R
a
p
i
d
S
y
ste
m
Pro
to
typ
i
n
g
,
IEE
E
,
2
0
0
8
,
p
p
.
7
5
-
81
.
[
18
]
M
.
M
i
h
a
ra
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Ne
g
a
t
iv
e
h
e
a
p
p
u
m
p
f
o
r
l
o
w
v
o
lt
a
g
e
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
flas
h
m
e
m
o
ry
,
"
i
n
1
9
9
6
S
y
m
p
o
siu
m
o
n
VL
S
I
Circ
u
it
s.
Dig
e
st
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
ica
l
Pa
p
e
rs
,
IEE
E,
1
9
9
6
,
p
p
.
7
6
-
77
.
[
19
]
G
.
Du
c
k
a
n
d
R.
H.
Ya
p
,
“
He
a
p
b
o
u
n
d
s
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
with
lo
w
fa
t
p
o
i
n
ters
,
”
in
Pro
c
.
CC
2
0
1
6
2
5
t
h
I
n
t
.
Co
n
f
.
C
o
mp
i
l.
Co
n
str.,
CC
2
0
1
6
,
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
1
3
2
-
1
4
2
.
[
2
0
]
W.
Li
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
A
we
a
r
lev
e
li
n
g
a
wa
re
m
e
m
o
ry
a
ll
o
c
a
to
r
fo
r
b
o
th
sta
c
k
a
n
d
h
e
a
p
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
in
p
c
m
-
b
a
se
d
m
a
in
m
e
m
o
ry
sy
ste
m
s
,
"
i
n
2
0
1
9
De
sig
n
,
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
&
T
e
st
i
n
E
u
ro
p
e
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
&
Exh
ib
it
io
n
(
DAT
E),
IE
EE
,
2
0
1
9
,
p
p
.
2
2
8
-
2
3
3
.
[
21
]
Y.
Afe
k
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Th
e
v
e
lo
x
tran
sa
c
ti
o
n
a
l
m
e
m
o
ry
sta
c
k
,
"
IEE
E
mic
r
o
,
v
o
l.
3
0
,
p
p
.
7
6
-
8
7
,
2
0
1
0
.
[
22
]
J.
Yo
o
n
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Da
ta
fra
g
m
e
n
tati
o
n
sc
h
e
m
e
i
n
I
EE
E
8
0
2
.
1
5
.
4
wire
les
s
se
n
so
r
n
e
two
r
k
s
,
"
i
n
2
0
0
7
IEE
E
6
5
th
Veh
icu
l
a
r
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
-
VT
C
2
0
0
7
-
S
p
rin
g
,
IEE
E,
2
0
0
7
,
p
p
.
2
6
-
30
.
[
2
3
]
Q.
Li
,
Qi
n
g
e
t
a
l.
,
"
P
ro
c
e
ss
a
n
d
d
a
ta
fra
g
m
e
n
tati
o
n
-
o
rien
ted
e
n
terp
rise
n
e
two
rk
i
n
teg
ra
ti
o
n
wi
th
c
o
ll
a
b
o
ra
ti
o
n
m
o
d
e
ll
in
g
a
n
d
c
o
l
lab
o
ra
ti
o
n
a
g
e
n
ts
,
"
E
n
ter
p
rise
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
9
,
p
p
.
4
6
8
-
4
9
8
,
2
0
1
5
.
[
24
]
M.
Atm
a
n
i
e
t
a
l.
,
"
M
o
d
e
ll
i
n
g
a
n
d
a
n
a
ly
sis
d
a
ta
fra
g
m
e
n
tati
o
n
i
n
IE
EE
8
0
2
.
1
5
.
4
sl
o
tt
e
d
CS
M
A/CA
p
ro
to
c
o
l
with
o
u
t
ACK
m
o
d
e
,
"
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Criti
c
a
l
Co
mp
u
ter
-
Ba
se
d
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
7
,
p
p
.
4
-
2
1
,
2
0
1
7
.
[
25
]
L.
M
i
n
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Re
a
li
z
a
ti
o
n
o
f
l
e
d
u
r
b
a
n
l
ig
h
ti
n
g
n
e
two
rk
b
a
se
d
o
n
p
o
we
rli
n
k
i
n
d
u
strial
e
t
h
e
rn
e
t
,
"
in
2
0
1
4
7
t
h
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
I
n
tel
li
g
e
n
t
C
o
mp
u
ta
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
a
n
d
A
u
t
o
ma
ti
o
n
,
IEE
E
,
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
4
4
5
-
4
4
8
.
[
26
]
T.
Co
rrê
a
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Ha
rd
wa
re
/S
o
ft
wa
re
Im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
F
a
c
to
rs
I
n
f
lu
e
n
c
in
g
E
th
e
rn
e
t
Late
n
c
y
,
"
i
n
2
0
1
8
IEE
E
1
6
t
h
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
I
n
d
u
stria
l
In
fo
rm
a
ti
c
s (INDIN),
IEE
E,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
3
2
3
-
3
2
8
.
[
27
]
R.
Bh
a
k
tav
a
tch
a
lu
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
De
sig
n
o
f
AX
I
b
u
s
i
n
terfa
c
e
m
o
d
u
les
o
n
F
P
G
A
,
"
i
n
2
0
1
6
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Co
n
tr
o
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
(
ICACCCT
),
IEE
E
,
2
0
1
6
,
p
p
.
1
4
1
-
146
.
[
28
]
E.
Ra
g
a
b
e
t
a
l.
,
"
DD
R2
M
e
m
o
r
y
Co
n
tro
l
ler
fo
r
M
u
lt
i
-
c
o
re
S
y
st
e
m
s
with
AMBA
AX
I
In
terfa
c
e
,
"
i
n
2
0
1
8
3
0
t
h
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
M
icr
o
e
lec
tro
n
ics
(ICM
),
IEE
E
,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
2
2
4
-
227
.
[
29
]
K.
Na
g
a
a
n
d
K.
Tara
n
g
i
n
i.
"
De
sig
n
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
AX
I
b
a
se
d
m
u
lt
i
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
in
terr
u
p
t
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
2
,
"
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
a
n
a
g
me
n
t,
IT
a
n
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
v
o
l
3
,
p
p
.
1
0
8
-
1
2
5
,
2
0
1
3
.
[
30
]
B.
Ka
n
ig
o
ro
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Ov
e
r
v
iew
o
f
Cu
sto
m
M
icr
o
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
u
sin
g
Xili
n
x
Zy
n
q
XC
7
Z0
2
0
F
P
G
A
,
"
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
1
3
,
p
p
.
3
6
4
-
3
7
2
,
2
0
1
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.