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o
s
t
udy
t
h
e
e
f
fe
c
t
of
d
i
ff
e
re
n
t
s
l
o
t
s
on
t
h
e
a
nt
e
nna
ba
ndw
i
dt
h
a
n
d
i
t
s
p
e
rfor
m
a
nc
e
,
f
i
n
a
l
l
y
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
n
g
fi
v
e
di
ffe
r
e
n
t
a
nt
e
nn
a
s
for
fur
t
he
r
i
n
ve
s
t
i
ga
t
i
o
n
a
nd
c
o
m
pa
r
i
ng
t
h
e
m
for
pa
s
s
ba
nd
a
nd
re
j
e
c
t
ba
n
ds
,
w
h
i
l
e
i
n
[4
-
6]
t
he
a
u
t
hors
us
e
s
di
ffe
r
e
nt
gr
ound
s
l
o
t
s
t
o
s
t
udy
t
h
e
e
ff
e
c
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
s
l
o
t
s
o
n
t
he
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
p
e
rfor
m
a
n
c
e
a
nd
t
he
b
e
s
t
s
i
z
e
of
t
h
e
ground
s
l
ot
t
o
i
nc
r
e
a
s
e
t
h
e
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
p
e
rf
or
m
a
n
c
e
r
e
c
e
i
v
i
ng
a
bout
1
67%
fr
a
c
t
i
on
a
l
ba
ndw
i
dt
h
.
T
he
m
a
i
n
p
robl
e
m
w
i
t
h
U
W
B
s
ys
t
e
m
s
i
s
t
h
a
t
t
he
i
r
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
w
hi
c
h
pr
e
s
e
n
t
s
a
h
i
gh
-
pow
e
r
na
rrow
b
a
nd
s
ys
t
e
m
t
ha
t
w
i
l
l
i
nt
e
rfe
r
e
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
nor
m
a
l
op
e
r
a
t
i
on
of
U
W
B
a
n
t
e
nna
s
.
O
ne
of
t
h
e
s
ol
ut
i
ons
t
o
e
ra
d
i
c
a
t
e
t
hi
s
prob
l
e
m
i
s
t
o
j
a
m
t
hi
s
e
ffe
c
t
by
de
s
i
gni
ng
U
W
B
a
nt
e
nn
a
w
i
t
h
ba
nd
n
ot
c
h
fu
nc
t
i
on
.
T
h
i
s
h
a
s
be
e
n
de
m
ons
t
ra
t
e
d
by
t
h
e
i
ns
e
r
t
i
on
of
s
l
ot
s
[7,
8]
i
n
[7]
t
h
e
a
ut
he
rs
de
v
e
l
ope
d
a
du
a
l
ba
n
d
no
t
c
h
p
e
rfor
m
a
n
c
e
,
by
e
t
c
hi
ng
a
m
i
rro
re
d
L
s
ha
pe
d
c
onne
c
t
e
d
t
og
e
t
he
r
fro
m
t
h
e
t
op
ne
a
r
t
o
t
h
e
f
e
e
d
l
i
n
e
t
e
r
m
i
na
l
c
onn
e
c
t
e
d
t
o
t
he
p
a
t
c
h
for
s
u
ppre
s
s
i
ng
t
h
e
W
i
M
A
X
op
e
ra
t
i
n
g
ba
n
d
F
urt
h
e
rm
o
re
,
a
s
p
i
l
t
ri
ng
re
s
on
a
t
or
ha
s
b
e
e
n
e
t
c
h
e
d
on
t
he
l
ow
e
r
p
a
rt
of
t
he
pa
t
c
h
,
r
e
c
e
i
v
i
ng
W
L
A
N
fr
e
que
nc
y
ba
nd
r
e
j
e
c
t
i
o
n,
w
hi
l
e
i
n
[8
]
t
h
e
a
ut
hor
m
o
d
i
fy
t
he
r
e
por
t
e
d
[
7]
re
c
e
i
vi
n
g
four
f
i
l
t
e
rs
.
A
m
i
c
ros
t
ri
p
c
om
pa
c
t
fu
l
l
y
i
nt
e
gr
a
t
e
d
s
i
x
-
po
rt
S
ubs
t
r
a
t
e
i
n
t
e
gra
t
e
d
w
a
ve
gu
i
d
e
(S
I
W
)
w
e
re
i
nv
e
s
t
i
ga
t
e
d
a
t
K
u
b
a
nd
re
c
e
i
vi
n
g
a
p
ow
e
r
di
v
i
de
r
a
n
d
c
oupl
e
r
t
ha
t
p
ri
m
a
r
i
l
y
de
s
i
gn
e
d,
f
a
bri
c
a
t
e
d,
a
n
d
m
e
a
s
ure
d
i
ndi
v
i
du
a
l
l
y
[
9].
T
he
na
rrow
f
re
qu
e
n
c
y
b
a
nds
w
i
t
hi
n
t
h
e
U
W
B
a
r
e
:
w
orl
dw
i
de
i
n
t
e
ro
pe
r
a
bi
l
i
t
y
f
or
t
he
m
i
c
row
a
v
e
a
c
c
e
s
s
W
i
M
A
X
op
e
ra
t
i
n
g
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
(3
.
3
-
3
.
7
G
H
z
)
,
A
e
rona
ut
i
c
a
l
Ra
di
o
N
a
v
i
g
a
t
i
on
A
RN
o
pe
r
a
t
i
ng
ba
ndw
i
dt
h
(4.
2
-
4.
5
G
H
z
),
t
h
e
In
di
a
n
n
a
t
i
ona
l
s
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
I
N
S
A
T
o
pe
ra
t
i
ng
ba
ndw
i
d
t
h
(
4.
50
–
4.
80
G
H
z
),
W
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
L
o
c
a
l
A
re
a
N
e
t
w
ork
W
L
A
N
o
pe
r
a
t
i
ng
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
(5
.
15
-
5
.
825
G
H
z
)
,
s
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
c
o
m
m
un
i
c
a
t
i
on
s
e
rvi
c
e
s
(dow
nl
i
nk
:
7
.
25
-
7.
7
5
G
H
z
,
upl
i
nk
:
7
.
9
-
8
.
39
5
G
H
z
)
X
-
Ba
nd
(
7.
2
5
-
7.
75
G
H
z
)
a
nd
t
he
Int
e
rn
a
t
i
ona
l
T
e
l
e
c
om
m
un
i
c
a
t
i
on
U
ni
o
n
(IT
U
8
-
G
H
z
)
fre
que
n
c
y
b
a
nd
o
pe
r
a
t
i
ng
a
t
7.
95
–
8
.
55
G
H
z
.
T
o
a
vo
i
d
t
he
i
nt
e
rfe
re
n
c
e
w
i
t
h
t
he
e
xi
s
t
i
ng
na
rr
ow
ba
n
ds
w
i
t
h
i
n
U
W
B,
m
a
ny
w
orks
w
i
t
h
d
i
ffe
re
n
t
t
e
c
h
ni
qu
e
s
w
e
r
e
re
por
t
e
d
for
doubl
e
b
a
nd
not
c
h
e
d
f
i
l
t
e
rs
[
10,
11]
.
M
or
e
ov
e
r,
t
r
i
pl
e
no
t
c
h
e
d
ba
n
d
fi
l
t
e
r
s
w
e
re
i
nv
e
s
t
i
ga
t
e
d
us
i
ng
d
i
ff
e
re
n
t
t
e
c
hni
que
s
a
s
r
e
por
t
e
d
i
n
[10
-
14]
.
H
ow
e
ve
r
,
fou
r
b
a
nds
n
ot
c
he
d
fi
l
t
e
r
a
nt
e
nn
a
s
h
a
ve
be
e
n
i
nve
s
t
i
g
a
t
e
d
b
y
f
e
w
r
e
s
e
a
rc
h
e
rs
[
8
],
a
pri
nt
e
d
p
l
a
n
a
r
vol
c
a
n
o
-
s
m
ok
e
a
nt
e
nna
w
i
t
h
di
ff
e
re
nt
C
a
nd
U
-
s
ha
p
e
d
w
a
s
r
e
por
t
e
d
i
n
[
15]
re
c
e
i
vi
ng
four
no
t
c
h
e
d
fi
l
t
e
rs
,
i
n
[
16
]
c
opl
a
na
r
w
a
ve
gui
d
e
w
a
s
de
s
i
gne
d
b
y
e
t
c
hi
ng
C
-
s
ha
pe
d
a
n
d
i
ns
e
rt
i
ng
c
om
pl
e
m
e
nt
a
ry
s
p
l
i
t
ri
ng
re
s
on
a
t
o
r
s
(CS
RR)
i
n
t
h
e
grou
nd
r
e
c
e
i
v
i
ng
fo
ur
no
t
c
h
e
d
fi
l
t
e
rs
.
W
hi
l
e
i
n
[1
7]
t
h
e
b
a
nd
-
n
ot
c
h
c
h
a
ra
c
t
e
ri
s
t
i
c
s
for
four
not
c
h
e
d
w
e
re
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
d
by
e
t
c
h
i
ng
m
e
a
nde
r
-
l
i
n
e
a
nd
hor
i
z
o
nt
a
l
s
l
o
t
i
n
r
a
d
i
a
t
i
ng
p
a
t
c
h
.
F
urt
h
e
rm
ore
,
by
a
ddi
n
g
a
n
e
x
t
e
nde
d
s
t
ub
a
nd
L
-
s
h
a
p
e
d
s
l
o
t
on
grou
nd
pl
a
n
e
of
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
nn
a
.
I
n
[18]
,
a
pe
n
t
a
-
ba
n
ds
r
e
j
e
c
t
w
a
s
pre
s
e
nt
e
d
f
or
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
ne
t
w
ork
s
e
ns
ors
us
i
ng
four
re
c
t
a
n
g
ul
a
r
c
om
pl
e
m
e
nt
a
ry
s
pl
i
t
ri
ng
re
s
o
na
t
ors
(R
-
CS
RR)
on
t
h
e
p
a
t
c
h
a
n
t
e
nn
a
a
nd
re
c
t
a
ngu
l
a
r
s
pl
i
t
-
r
i
ng
re
s
ona
t
or
(
RS
RR)
e
t
c
he
d
n
e
a
r
t
h
e
f
e
e
d
l
i
n
e
p
a
t
c
h
j
un
c
t
i
on
fo
r
t
h
e
re
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
on
of
t
he
pe
n
t
a
-
b
a
nd
not
c
h
e
d
f
i
l
t
e
r
for
r
e
j
e
c
t
i
on
W
i
M
A
X
,
IN
S
A
T
,
l
ow
e
r
W
L
A
N
,
upp
e
r
W
L
A
N
,
a
nd
I
T
U
8
G
H
z
.
W
hi
l
e
t
o
a
c
h
i
e
ve
p
e
nt
a
-
ba
nd
not
c
h
fi
l
t
e
rs
i
n
[19]
propos
e
d
a
Y
-
s
ha
pe
d
m
on
opol
e
w
i
t
h
pa
rt
i
a
l
gro
und,
t
h
e
r
e
j
e
c
t
fi
l
t
e
rs
a
re
a
c
hi
e
ve
d
by
e
t
c
hi
ng
on
t
he
p
a
t
c
h
U
a
nd
C
-
s
ha
pe
d
,
a
nd
Y
-
s
h
a
pe
d
on
t
he
r
a
di
a
t
or
a
s
w
e
l
l
a
s
t
hre
e
pa
i
r
of
C
-
s
ha
p
e
d
s
l
o
t
s
on
t
he
gro
und
w
i
t
h
prop
e
r
pos
i
t
i
ons
.
T
h
i
s
e
ns
ur
e
d
t
h
e
re
c
e
i
vi
n
g
of
p
e
nt
a
-
b
a
nd
s
t
op
c
ha
ra
c
t
e
ri
s
t
i
c
s
for
W
i
M
A
X
ba
nd
(
3.
4
5
–
4
.
0
G
H
z
)
,
W
L
A
N
b
a
nd
(5
.
15
–
5.
90
G
H
z
)
,
X
-
ba
nd
for
s
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
c
o
m
m
un
i
c
a
t
i
on
(6.
7
7
–
8
.
00
G
H
z
),
IT
U
-
8
ba
nd
(8
.
3
–
9
.
1
G
H
z
)
,
a
nd
ra
d
i
o
na
v
i
ga
t
i
o
n
RN
ba
nd
(9.
3
–
10
.
6
G
H
z
),
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
ve
l
y.
In
[20]
a
c
hi
e
ve
d
pe
nt
a
-
b
a
nd
no
t
c
h
e
d
s
t
op
fi
l
t
e
rs
by
i
ns
e
r
t
i
ng
on
t
he
p
a
t
c
h
t
w
o
a
rc
-
s
h
a
p
e
d
s
l
o
t
s
,
t
w
o
de
f
e
c
t
e
d
grou
nd
s
t
ru
c
t
u
re
s
a
nd
a
n
op
e
n
-
l
oop
r
e
s
ona
t
or
.
P
e
nt
a
-
b
a
nd
c
ha
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
w
i
t
h
s
ha
rp
not
c
h
e
s
a
re
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
d
by
r
e
c
e
i
v
i
ng
3
no
t
c
h
fi
l
t
e
rs
for
W
L
A
N
,
on
e
for
t
h
e
dow
nl
i
nk
of
s
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
c
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on
s
ys
t
e
m
s
a
nd
t
he
fi
f
t
h
on
e
t
he
p
a
rt
i
a
l
s
pe
c
t
rum
f
rom
W
i
M
A
X
.
F
i
n
a
l
l
y,
i
n
[21
],
us
e
d
a
c
o
m
bi
n
a
t
i
o
n
of
S
RR,
CS
RR
a
nd
D
G
S
for
a
propos
e
d
U
W
B
a
nt
e
nna
r
e
c
e
i
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In
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IS
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ba
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h
op
e
ra
t
e
s
i
n
t
he
U
W
B
.
T
he
re
c
t
a
ngul
a
r
p
a
t
c
h
r
a
d
i
a
t
or
a
nt
e
nna
s
how
n
i
n
F
i
gure
3
(
a
)
w
a
s
i
nv
e
s
t
i
ga
t
e
d
fi
rs
t
,
fo
l
l
ow
e
d
by
t
he
a
nt
e
nn
a
of
F
i
gur
e
3
(b)
w
h
i
c
h
w
a
s
m
odi
fi
e
d
by
i
ns
e
rt
i
ng
re
c
t
a
ngu
l
a
r
s
l
ot
s
a
t
t
h
e
l
ow
e
r
c
orn
e
rs
of
t
he
p
a
t
c
h
ra
d
i
a
t
or
w
i
t
h
a
prop
e
r
di
m
e
ns
i
on
.
t
h
i
rdl
y
a
nt
e
nn
a
i
n
F
i
g
ure
3
(
c
)
m
od
i
fi
e
d
by
i
ns
e
rt
i
ng
,
a
t
t
he
u
ppe
r
s
i
de
of
t
he
ra
d
i
a
t
or
,
a
n
e
l
l
i
p
t
i
c
a
l
s
ha
pe
w
i
t
h
m
a
j
or
a
xi
s
e
q
ua
l
t
o
t
h
e
w
i
dt
h
of
t
h
e
p
a
t
c
h
w
i
t
h
a
n
op
t
i
m
i
z
e
d
m
i
nor
a
xi
s
.
T
he
s
i
m
ul
a
t
i
on
w
a
s
p
e
rfo
rm
e
d
f
or
di
ff
e
re
n
t
pa
rt
i
a
l
ground
h
e
i
gh
t
F
i
gur
e
3
(d).
F
i
g
ure
4
s
h
ow
s
t
he
r
e
t
urn
l
os
s
for
a
l
l
t
h
re
e
a
nt
e
nna
s
,
w
e
re
t
he
c
hos
e
n
a
nt
e
nna
(c
)
op
e
ra
t
e
s
i
n
t
he
U
W
B
ra
ng
e
fr
om
(2.
9
-
1
1
G
H
z
)
.
T
h
i
s
i
s
a
goo
d
c
a
ndi
da
t
e
for
t
he
c
urr
e
nt
i
nv
e
s
t
i
ga
t
i
o
n
a
nd
t
he
m
o
d
i
fyi
ng
U
W
B
a
n
t
e
nn
a
w
i
t
h
pe
nt
a
-
b
a
nd
not
c
he
d
f
i
l
t
e
rs
.
2.
2
.
I
n
ve
s
ti
g
ati
n
g
of
th
e
n
otc
h
b
an
d
s
T
he
m
a
i
n
purpos
e
o
f
i
ns
e
r
t
i
ng
n
ot
c
h
-
ba
nd
i
s
t
o
a
v
oi
d
t
he
i
nt
e
rf
e
r
e
nc
e
be
t
w
e
e
n
t
he
U
W
B
a
n
t
e
nna
a
nd
t
h
e
na
rr
ow
b
a
nds
s
uc
h
a
s
W
i
M
A
X
,
A
RN
,
W
L
A
N
,
X
-
Ba
nd
,
a
nd
I
T
U
-
8.
T
he
r
e
l
a
t
i
ons
hi
p
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
t
he
l
e
ngt
h
of
t
he
e
t
c
h
e
d
s
l
ot
(
L
)
a
nd
t
h
e
re
s
on
a
nt
fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
o
f
t
h
e
gi
v
e
n
na
rr
ow
b
a
nd
i
s
gi
v
e
n
by
(1):
ℎ
=
2
√
(1)
W
he
r
e
,
c
i
s
t
he
s
pe
e
d
of
l
i
g
ht
i
n
fr
e
e
s
pa
c
e
a
n
d
ε
eff
i
s
t
he
e
ff
e
c
t
i
ve
di
e
l
e
c
t
ri
c
c
ons
t
a
nt
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
:
=
1
+
2
(2)
T
he
l
e
ng
t
h
for
e
a
c
h
e
t
c
he
d
s
l
ot
w
a
s
fo
und
us
i
n
g
e
qu
a
t
i
o
n
1
a
nd
i
ndi
v
i
du
a
l
r
e
s
ona
n
t
fr
e
que
nc
y
for,
L
W
i
MA
X
=
2xL
c
1
+
W
c
1
,
L
A
RN
=
W
c
2
+
2x
L
c
21+
2
xL
c
2,
L
W
L
A
N
=
8
xL
c
3,
L
x
-
Ban
d
=
8xL
c
4A
+
4xL
c
4B
+
4x
W
c
4
,
a
nd
L
IT
U
-
8
=
L
c
5A
+
L
c
5B
+
L
c
5C
.
A
c
o
m
p
a
ri
s
on
be
t
w
e
e
n
t
he
opt
i
m
i
z
e
d
s
l
ot
l
e
ngt
h
a
nd
t
he
c
a
l
c
ul
a
t
e
d
one
i
s
l
i
s
t
e
d
i
n
T
a
b
l
e
2
.
T
h
e
i
nv
e
s
t
i
g
a
t
e
d
s
i
ng
l
e
no
t
c
h
e
d
e
l
e
m
e
nt
s
a
r
e
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
e
d
a
nd
i
n
t
e
gr
a
t
e
d
t
og
e
t
he
r
t
o
f
orm
t
he
propos
e
d
pe
n
t
a
-
not
c
he
d
b
a
nd
a
n
t
e
nna
.
T
a
b
l
e
2
.
Co
m
p
a
ri
s
on
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
t
h
e
re
c
e
i
ve
d
r
e
s
ul
t
s
for
s
i
m
ul
a
t
e
d
not
c
h
e
d
ba
nd
a
nd
t
h
e
n
a
rrow
ba
nd
Ba
n
d
n
o
t
c
h
Ch
a
ra
c
t
e
ri
s
t
i
c
s
W
i
M
A
X
A
RN
W
L
A
N
X
-
b
a
n
d
IT
U
-
8
Ba
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
[G
H
z
]
3
.
3
-
3
.
7
4
.
2
-
4
.
5
5
.
1
5
-
5
.
8
2
7
.
1
5
-
7
.
7
5
7
.
7
2
-
8
.
3
5
S
i
m
u
l
a
t
e
d
BW
[G
H
z
]
3
.
3
4
-
3
.
7
5
4
.
2
-
5
5
.
2
-
5
.
8
2
7
.
2
-
7
.
7
7
.
8
2
-
8
.
5
N
o
t
c
h
fre
q
u
e
n
c
y
[G
H
z
]
3
.
5
4
.
3
5
5
.
5
7
.
5
8
.
0
5
S
i
m
u
l
a
t
e
d
n
o
t
c
h
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
[G
H
z
]
3
.
5
5
4
.
5
5
.
5
3
7
.
4
5
8
.
1
6
Ca
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
d
s
l
o
t
l
e
n
g
t
h
m
m
2
6
.
3
3
2
1
.
1
8
1
6
.
7
5
1
2
.
2
9
1
1
.
3
5
O
p
t
i
m
i
z
e
d
s
l
o
t
l
e
n
g
t
h
m
m
2
7
.
9
2
3
.
7
4
1
8
.
8
5
14
1
1
.
5
F
i
gure
3
.
T
he
e
va
l
ua
t
e
d
a
nt
e
nna
s
(a
),
(b)
,
(
c
)
a
n
t
e
n
na
,
(
d)
t
he
groun
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
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E
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Con
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pri
l
2
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626
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
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Fr
eq
ue
ncy [
GHz]
anten
n
a c
anten
n
a b
anten
n
a a
F
i
gure
4
.
R
e
t
u
rn
l
os
s
fo
r
a
na
l
yz
e
d
a
n
t
e
n
na
s
2.
3
.
P
a
r
am
e
t
r
i
c
s
tu
d
y
an
d
op
ti
mi
z
ati
on
s
for
e
ac
h
n
otc
h
b
an
d
F
i
gure
5
s
how
n
t
h
e
pa
r
a
m
e
t
ri
c
s
t
udy
fo
r
e
a
c
h
n
ot
c
h
fre
que
nc
y
s
e
p
a
ra
t
e
l
y
.
T
h
e
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
on
fo
r
e
a
c
h
one
i
s
don
e
by
v
a
ry
i
ng
on
e
of
t
he
p
a
ra
m
e
t
e
rs
o
f
t
h
e
e
t
c
h
e
d
s
l
ot
w
hi
l
e
ke
e
pi
ng
t
h
e
ot
h
e
r
p
a
ra
m
e
t
e
rs
c
ons
t
a
nt
.
T
he
m
a
i
n
re
a
s
on
for
do
i
ng
t
h
i
s
,
i
s
t
o
e
s
t
a
bl
i
s
h
t
he
b
e
s
t
r
e
j
e
c
t
r
e
s
ona
nt
fr
e
que
nc
y
for
e
a
c
h
no
t
c
h
b
a
nd
.
F
or
t
h
e
W
i
M
A
X
b
a
nd
,
t
he
op
t
om
e
t
ri
c
r
e
s
ul
t
s
g
a
ve
t
he
b
e
s
t
r
e
s
on
a
nt
a
t
L
c
1=
6
.
5
m
m
.
W
hi
l
e
for
A
RN
,
L
c
2
=
3
m
m
,
for
W
L
A
N
,
L
c
3
=
4.
8
m
m
,
for
X
-
Ba
n
d
L
c
4A
=
3.
8
m
m
,
a
nd
for
IT
U
-
8,
L
c
5A
=
5.
2
m
m
.
F
i
gure
5
.
P
a
ra
m
e
t
ri
c
s
t
udy
for
a
l
l
not
c
h
e
d
f
i
l
t
e
rs
,
(
a
)
W
i
M
A
X
w
i
t
h
v
a
ryi
ng
L
c
1,
(b)
A
RN
w
i
t
h
v
a
ryi
n
g
L
c
2
,
(c
)
W
L
A
N
w
i
t
h
va
ry
i
ng
L
c
3
,
(
d)
X
-
Ba
nd
w
i
t
h
va
ry
i
ng
L
c
4A
,
(
e
)
IT
U
-
8
w
i
t
h
va
ry
i
ng
L
c
5A
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
K
O
M
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IK
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T
e
l
e
c
om
m
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om
pac
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U
WB
m
onopo
l
e
an
t
e
n
na
wi
t
h
p
e
nt
a
ba
nd
not
c
he
d
c
h
ar
ac
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
(
Ma
j
e
d
O
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A
l
-
D
w
ai
r
i
)
627
3.
R
ES
U
LTS
A
ND
DISCUSSIO
NS
T
o
und
e
rs
t
a
nd
how
t
he
ba
nd
-
not
c
h
e
d
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
ge
n
e
r
a
t
e
d
,
t
h
e
s
urf
a
c
e
c
ur
re
n
t
di
s
t
ri
bu
t
i
o
n
of
t
he
prop
os
e
d
a
n
t
e
nna
w
a
s
i
n
ve
s
t
i
ga
t
e
d
a
t
t
h
e
re
s
on
a
nt
fr
e
q
ue
nc
i
e
s
for
e
a
c
h
n
ot
c
he
d
b
a
nd
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
ul
t
s
a
re
s
how
n
i
n
F
i
gur
e
6.
F
i
g
ure
6(
a
)
c
l
e
a
rl
y
s
how
s
t
h
a
t
t
he
c
urr
e
nt
di
s
t
ri
b
ut
i
on
c
on
c
e
nt
r
a
t
e
d
a
ro
und
t
h
e
fe
e
di
n
g
poi
nt
a
nd
t
h
e
U
-
s
ha
p
e
d
s
l
ot
a
t
3
.
5
G
H
z
.
T
h
i
s
prov
e
s
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
re
i
s
no
r
a
di
a
t
i
on
t
o
t
he
s
p
a
c
e
du
e
t
o
m
a
xi
m
u
m
s
t
ore
d
e
l
e
c
t
ro
m
a
g
ne
t
i
c
e
n
e
rgy
a
r
ound
t
he
U
-
s
ha
p
e
d
.
In
t
h
i
s
c
a
s
e
t
h
e
U
-
s
h
a
pe
d
s
l
ot
pl
a
ys
a
ro
l
e
of
a
qu
a
rt
e
r
w
a
ve
l
e
ng
t
h
t
ra
ns
for
m
e
r
w
hi
c
h
g
e
ne
r
a
t
e
s
t
h
e
fi
rs
t
no
t
c
h
e
d
ba
nd
for
t
h
e
W
i
M
A
X
.
F
i
gure
6(b)
s
how
s
t
ha
t
t
he
c
urre
nt
i
s
c
onc
e
n
t
ra
t
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
s
l
a
n
t
e
d
U
-
s
h
a
p
e
d,
w
h
i
c
h
i
ndi
c
a
t
e
s
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
s
l
a
nt
e
d
U
-
s
ha
p
e
d
p
l
a
ys
t
he
m
a
i
n
rol
e
i
n
t
h
e
g
e
n
e
ra
t
i
on
of
t
h
e
s
e
c
ond
not
c
h
e
d
b
a
nd
for
t
h
e
A
R
N
.
S
i
m
i
l
a
r
l
y,
F
i
gu
re
6(c
)
i
n
di
c
a
t
e
s
t
ha
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i
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6
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ft
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7
i
l
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us
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d
a
nt
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w
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t
h
pe
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d
f
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l
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r
.
F
i
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s
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m
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x
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m
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n
of
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na
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t
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on
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s
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3.
55
G
H
z
,
(b)
4.
5
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5
G
H
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,
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7
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5
G
H
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,
(
e
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8.
1
6
G
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
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a
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1
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n
i
n
F
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-
(
f)
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t
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l
y.
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-
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t
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s
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d
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F
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9
.
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i
m
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l
a
t
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t
i
on
p
a
t
t
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re
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s
,
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3.
2
G
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z
,
(
b)
3.
8
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,
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)
5
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z
,
(d)
6
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8
G
H
z
,
(
e
)
8.
9
G
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z
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(f)
10.
1
G
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
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-40
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Fr
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WiMAX
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1
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[dBi]
Fr
eq
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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.
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w
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r
i
,
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h
m
a
d
A
.
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l
a
h
m
a
di
,
“
D
e
s
i
gn
a
nd
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
nc
e
a
na
l
ys
i
s
o
f
a
n
U
W
B
p
a
t
c
h
a
nt
e
nna
w
i
t
h
e
nha
n
c
e
d
ba
n
dw
i
d
t
h
c
ha
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
,
”
i
n
12
t
h
E
ur
op
e
an
C
on
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
A
n
t
e
n
nas
and
P
r
opa
gat
i
o
n
(
E
uC
A
P
201
8)
,
2018
.
[
7]
M
oh
a
m
e
d
S
.
S
o
l
i
m
a
n,
M
a
j
e
d
O
.
A
l
-
D
w
a
i
r
i
,
A
m
j
a
d
Y
.
H
e
ndi
,
Z
i
a
d
A
l
q
a
d
i
,
“
A
c
o
m
p
a
c
t
u
l
t
r
a
-
w
i
de
b
a
nd
pa
t
c
h
a
nt
e
nna
w
i
t
h
du
a
l
ba
n
d
-
n
ot
c
h
p
e
r
f
or
m
a
nc
e
f
o
r
W
i
M
A
X
/
W
L
A
N
S
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
,
”
i
n
I
E
E
E
J
or
d
an
I
nt
e
r
na
t
i
ona
l
J
oi
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onf
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e
n
c
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on
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l
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t
r
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c
al
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ng
i
n
e
e
r
i
ng
a
nd
I
n
f
or
m
at
i
on
T
e
c
hno
l
o
gy
,
pp
.
831
-
834
,
201
9.
[
8]
M
a
j
e
d
O
.
A
l
-
D
w
a
i
r
i
,
“
A
p
l
a
n
a
r
U
W
B
s
e
m
i
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
-
s
ha
pe
d
m
o
n
opol
e
a
n
t
e
n
na
w
i
t
h
qu
a
d
r
up
l
e
ba
nd
no
t
c
h
f
or
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i
M
A
X
,
A
R
N
,
W
L
A
N
,
a
n
d
X
-
B
a
nd
,
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i
n
I
n
t
e
r
na
t
i
ona
l
J
our
n
al
of
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l
e
c
t
r
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c
al
and
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om
pu
t
e
r
E
n
gi
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
vo
l
.
10
,
no.
1
,
pp.
9
08
-
918
,
F
e
b
202
0.
[
9]
G
a
nS
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a
ng
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a
n
,
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t
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ur
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da
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l
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oh
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m
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hr
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z
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i
.
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Ku
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nd
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I
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x
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or
t
,
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i
n
I
ndon
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i
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o
ur
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l
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pu
t
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r
S
c
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nc
e
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vo
l
.
17,
n
o.
1
,
pp.
27
3
-
2
80,
J
a
n
202
0.
[
10]
A
j
a
y
Y
a
d
a
v
,
D
i
ne
s
h
S
e
t
hi
,
R
.
K.
K
ha
n
na
,
“
S
l
ot
l
o
a
de
d
U
W
B
a
nt
e
n
na
:
D
u
a
l
ba
nd
no
t
c
h
e
d
c
ha
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
,
”
i
n
I
nt
e
r
n
at
i
on
al
J
o
ur
n
al
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
on
i
c
s
a
nd
C
om
m
un
i
c
a
t
i
ons
,
vo
l
.
70
,
no.
8
,
pp.
3
31
-
335
,
A
u
gus
t
201
6.
[
11]
L
.
X
i
,
H
.
Z
h
a
i
,
Y
.
Z
a
ng
,
a
nd
L
.
L
i
,
"
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nov
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l
d
ua
l
-
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e
ba
nd
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n
ot
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nt
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,
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n
M
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c
r
ow
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v
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p
t
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c
a
l
T
e
c
hn
ol
o
gy
L
e
t
t
e
r
s
,
vo
l
.
5
9,
no
.
12
,
pp.
3
014
-
301
8,
20
17
.
[
12]
A
ve
z
S
ye
d
,
R
a
ba
h
W
a
s
e
l
A
l
dha
he
r
i
,
“
A
ne
w
i
n
s
e
t
-
f
e
d
U
W
B
pr
i
nt
e
d
a
n
t
e
nna
w
i
t
h
t
r
i
p
l
e
3
.
5
/
5
.
5
/
7.
5
-
G
H
z
ba
nd
-
not
c
he
d
c
ha
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
,
”
i
n
T
u
r
k
i
s
h
J
ou
r
na
l
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
E
ngi
ne
e
r
i
ng
an
d
C
om
p
ut
e
r
S
c
i
e
nc
e
s
,
vo
l
.
26
,
no
.
3
,
pp.
11
90
-
1201
,
M
a
y
2018
.
[
13]
J
i
a
n
D
ong
,
Q
i
a
nq
i
a
n
L
i
,
a
nd
L
i
a
nw
e
n
D
e
ng
,
“
C
o
m
p
a
c
t
P
l
a
na
r
U
l
t
r
a
w
i
de
b
a
nd
A
n
t
e
nna
s
w
i
t
h
3
.
5/
5.
2/
5
.
8
G
H
z
T
r
i
p
l
e
B
a
nd
-
N
ot
c
he
d
C
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
f
or
I
nt
e
r
n
e
t
o
f
T
hi
n
gs
A
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
ons
,
”
i
n
Se
n
s
o
r
s
,
v
ol
.
17
,
no.
2
,
F
e
b
20
17
.
[
14]
J
i
a
n
D
on
g,
X
i
n
Z
hu
a
ng
a
nd
G
uoq
i
a
n
g
H
u
,
“
P
l
a
na
r
U
W
B
m
ono
po
l
e
a
n
t
e
n
na
w
i
t
h
t
r
i
-
ba
nd
r
e
j
e
c
t
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o
n
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
a
t
3.
5/
5.
5
/
8
G
H
z
,
vol
.
10
,
no
.
1
,
201
8.
[
15]
X
i
a
oy
i
n
L
i
,
L
i
a
n
s
ha
n
Y
a
n
,
W
e
i
P
a
n
,
a
nd
B
i
n
L
uo
,
“
A
c
o
m
pa
c
t
pr
i
nt
e
d
qu
a
dr
upl
e
b
a
nd
-
no
t
c
h
e
d
U
W
B
a
n
t
e
nna
,
”
i
n
I
nt
e
r
n
at
i
on
al
J
o
ur
n
al
o
f
A
nt
e
nna
s
and
P
r
o
paga
t
i
on
,
2013
.
[
16]
R
e
s
h
m
a
B
a
bu
G
,
C
hi
t
h
r
a
T
ha
m
p
i
,
S
ha
m
e
e
r
K
M
oha
m
m
e
d,
“
A
C
P
W
f
e
e
d
U
W
B
a
n
t
e
nn
a
w
i
t
h
qu
a
d
b
a
nd
no
t
c
he
s
,
”
i
n
I
n
t
e
r
na
t
i
ona
l
R
e
s
e
ar
c
h
J
ou
r
na
l
of
E
ng
i
n
e
e
r
i
ng
a
nd
T
e
c
hno
l
og
y
,
vol
.
5,
no
.
3,
M
a
r
2018
.
[
17]
A
s
i
m
Q
ud
dus
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
U
l
t
r
a
w
i
d
e
ba
nd
a
nt
e
nn
a
w
i
t
h
qua
d
b
a
nd
r
e
j
e
c
t
i
on
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
,
”
i
n
2
01
6
I
nt
e
r
n
at
i
ona
l
Sy
m
pos
i
um
on
A
n
t
e
nnas
a
nd
P
r
op
aga
t
i
on
(
I
SA
P
)
,
pp
.
109
0
-
1
091
,
2
016.
[
18]
R
a
hm
a
n
,
M
uh
i
bU
r
,
a
nd
J
ung
-
D
ong
P
a
r
k,
“
T
h
e
s
m
a
l
l
e
s
t
f
or
m
f
a
c
t
o
r
U
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t
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nn
a
w
i
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h
qui
nt
upl
e
R
e
j
e
c
t
i
on
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a
nd
s
f
or
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oT
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ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
s
U
t
i
l
i
z
i
ng
R
S
R
R
a
nd
R
C
S
R
R
,
”
i
n
S
e
ns
or
s
(
B
as
e
l
,
Sw
i
t
z
e
r
l
and)
,
vo
l
.
1
8,
no
.
3
,
M
a
r
2019
.
[
19]
H
a
r
i
S
h
a
nka
r
M
e
w
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r
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a
,
J
i
t
e
nd
r
a
K
um
a
r
D
e
e
gw
a
l
,
M
a
he
n
dr
a
M
oh
a
n
S
h
a
r
m
a
,
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A
s
l
o
t
r
e
s
ona
t
o
r
s
ba
s
e
d
qu
i
n
t
up
l
e
ba
nd
-
no
t
c
h
e
d
Y
-
s
ha
pe
d
p
l
a
n
a
r
m
o
nopo
l
e
ul
t
r
a
-
w
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b
a
nd
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nt
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nn
a
,
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i
n
I
nt
e
r
n
at
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ona
l
J
our
n
al
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
oni
c
s
a
nd
C
om
m
uni
c
at
i
on
s
,
v
ol
.
83
,
p
p.
47
0
–
4
78,
J
a
n
201
8.
[
20]
J.
J
.
L
i
u
,
K
.
P
.
E
s
s
e
l
l
e
,
S
.
G
.
H
a
y
a
nd
S
.
S
.
Z
hong
,
“
P
l
a
na
r
u
l
t
r
a
-
w
i
de
b
a
nd
a
n
t
e
n
na
w
i
t
h
f
i
ve
not
c
he
d
s
t
op
ba
n
ds
,
”
i
n
E
l
e
c
t
r
on
i
c
s
L
e
t
t
e
r
s
,
vo
l
.
49
,
no
.
9,
pp
.
579
-
58
0,
A
p
r
2
013
.
[
21]
M
uh
i
bU
r
R
a
h
m
a
na
,
W
a
s
i
f
T
a
nv
e
e
r
K
ha
n
a
,
M
u
ha
m
m
a
d
I
m
r
a
n,
“
P
e
nt
a
-
no
t
c
h
e
d
U
W
B
a
n
t
e
nna
w
i
t
h
s
h
a
r
p
f
r
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qu
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nc
y
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dge
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
us
i
ng
c
o
m
b
i
na
t
i
on
of
S
R
R
,
C
S
R
R
,
a
nd
D
G
S
,
”
i
n
I
n
t
e
r
nat
i
o
nal
J
our
nal
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
ni
c
s
and
C
om
m
uni
c
at
i
on
s
,
v
ol
.
93
,
p
p.
11
6
-
122
,
S
e
p
201
8.
[
22]
M
ur
t
a
l
a
A
m
i
nu
-
B
a
ba
,
M
o
ha
m
m
a
d
K
a
m
a
l
A
R
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h
i
m
,
F
a
r
i
d
Z
u
bi
r
,
M
ohd
F
a
i
r
us
M
ohd
Y
us
of
f
,
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e
s
i
gn
of
M
i
n
i
a
t
u
r
i
z
e
d
M
u
l
t
i
ba
nd
P
a
t
c
h
A
n
t
e
n
na
U
s
i
ng
C
S
R
R
f
o
r
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L
A
N
/
W
i
M
A
X
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pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
ons
,
”
T
E
L
K
O
M
N
I
K
A
T
e
l
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c
om
m
un
i
c
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on
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om
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ut
i
ng
E
l
e
c
t
r
oni
c
s
an
d
C
o
nt
r
ol
,
V
ol
.
16
,
N
o.
4,
p
p.
18
38~
184
5,
A
ugu
s
t
2
018
.
[
23]
Q
a
z
w
a
n
A
bdu
l
l
a
h
,
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o
r
S
ha
h
i
da
M
ohd
S
ha
h,
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b
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l
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.
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a
bba
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a
A
bd
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l
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h
,
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de
e
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S
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l
h
,
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a
m
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e
l
A
.
A
.
M
uk
r
e
d
,
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c
om
pa
c
t
s
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z
e
m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p
f
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ve
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l
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s
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d
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t
h
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e
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