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e
n
am
e
C
R
to
s
i
g
n
i
f
y
in
te
lli
g
en
t
r
ad
io
s
th
at
c
o
u
ld
m
ak
e
tr
e
m
en
d
o
u
s
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
s
i
n
g
m
o
d
el
-
b
ased
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
ac
cu
m
u
la
ted
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
o
f
r
ad
i
o
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
(
R
F)
an
d
ca
n
lear
n
b
ased
o
n
p
r
ev
io
u
s
ex
p
er
ien
ce
.
I
n
g
en
e
r
al
,
C
R
i
s
a
r
a
d
io
t
h
a
t
c
an
a
d
ju
s
t
i
ts
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
tt
e
r
'
s
p
a
r
am
e
t
e
r
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
i
ts
c
o
m
m
u
n
ic
a
t
i
o
n
w
ith
th
e
o
p
e
r
a
t
in
g
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
en
t
,
s
u
ch
as
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
-
p
o
w
e
r
,
ca
r
r
ier
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
an
d
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
m
o
d
u
l
atio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
to
a
ch
iev
e
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
co
m
m
u
n
icati
o
n
an
d
o
p
ti
m
al
r
ad
io
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
u
s
e
[
6
]
-
[
9
]
.
On
to
p
o
f
th
a
t,
C
R
i
s
d
esig
n
ed
o
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
r
ad
io
(
SDR
)
th
at
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
s
t
h
e
t
w
o
ad
v
an
ce
d
d
ig
ital
r
ad
io
an
d
co
m
p
u
ter
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
h
elp
it
r
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
a
b
le
[
1
0
]
-
[
1
2
]
.
C
R
'
s
co
r
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
in
cl
u
d
e
a
r
ad
io
,
s
en
s
o
r
,
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
d
atab
ase,
le
ar
n
in
g
en
g
i
n
e,
an
d
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
e
n
g
i
n
e.
B
esid
es,
C
R
h
as
co
g
n
iti
v
e
an
d
r
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
a
b
ilit
y
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
to
g
et
t
h
e
b
est
av
ailab
le
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
[
6
]
,
[
13
]
-
[
1
5
]
.
C
o
g
n
itiv
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
i
s
t
h
e
C
R
’
s
ab
ili
t
y
t
o
s
en
s
e
t
h
e
r
ad
io
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
u
s
i
n
g
ad
v
an
ce
d
to
o
ls
a
n
d
ev
al
u
at
e
s
u
itab
le
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
f
o
r
ad
j
u
s
ti
n
g
to
th
e
co
m
p
lex
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
[
1
3
]
.
A
t
th
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
C
R
’
s
r
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
ab
ilit
y
f
ea
t
u
r
e
allo
w
s
it
to
ch
an
g
e
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
p
ar
a
m
et
er
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
d
a
ta,
p
er
h
ap
s
to
attain
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
w
it
h
o
u
t
an
y
ad
j
u
s
t
m
e
n
t i
n
th
e
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
d
ev
ices [
8
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
C
R
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
es
i
n
clu
d
e
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
s
(
P
U)
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
s
(
S
U)
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
wh
er
e
P
U
is
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
as
licen
s
e
h
o
ld
er
s
o
r
in
cu
m
b
e
n
t
u
s
er
s
w
h
o
h
a
v
e
leg
ac
y
p
r
iv
i
leg
e
s
u
s
i
n
g
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
.
I
n
o
th
er
r
esp
ec
ts
,
SU
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
u
n
lice
n
s
ed
u
s
er
s
an
d
p
r
ef
er
s
to
u
s
e
C
R
’
s
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
i
s
ticall
y
w
h
e
n
p
r
i
m
ar
y
u
s
er
s
ar
e
id
le
o
r
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
as
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
h
o
les
an
d
w
h
i
te
s
p
ac
e
[
1
7
]
,
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
SU
w
ith
C
R
f
u
n
ctio
n
alit
y
ac
q
u
ir
es
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
its
o
p
er
atio
n
al
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
an
d
a
d
j
u
s
ts
its
n
et
w
o
r
k
p
ar
am
eter
s
to
m
a
x
i
m
ize
t
h
e
u
n
d
er
u
s
ed
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
ac
co
r
d
in
g
l
y
.
Fo
r
in
s
ta
n
ce
,
i
f
a
lice
n
s
ed
u
s
er
u
s
es
t
h
i
s
b
an
d
f
u
r
t
h
er
,
th
e
co
g
n
iti
v
e
r
ad
io
s
w
itc
h
e
s
to
an
o
th
er
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
h
o
le
o
r
r
em
ai
n
s
in
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
b
an
d
,
th
u
s
alter
in
g
it
s
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
p
o
w
er
lev
e
l
o
r
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
E
v
en
t
u
all
y
,
C
R
tr
ies
to
r
eso
lv
e
t
h
e
co
llis
io
n
i
s
s
u
es
a
n
d
u
n
n
ec
e
s
s
ar
y
co
n
ten
tio
n
i
n
t
h
e
w
ir
eles
s
ac
ce
s
s
n
et
w
o
r
k
,
lead
i
n
g
to
th
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
d
ev
ice
s
lin
k
ed
to
th
e
in
f
r
astru
ct
u
r
e
v
ia
r
ad
io
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
[
1
4
]
.
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es
o
f
co
g
n
iti
v
e
r
ad
io
is
to
allo
w
t
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
's
h
o
le
s
t
o
b
e
u
s
ed
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
i
s
ticall
y
.
W
ith
o
u
t d
is
r
u
p
tin
g
th
e
P
U,
t
h
e
SU c
a
n
s
e
n
s
e
t
h
e
P
U's ar
r
iv
al
a
n
d
m
o
v
e
it to
an
o
th
er
u
n
u
s
ed
s
p
ac
e.
I
n
co
g
n
iti
v
e
r
ad
io
,
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
s
e
n
s
i
n
g
,
h
o
w
e
v
er
,
p
la
y
s
a
cr
u
cial
r
o
le.
E
r
g
o
,
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
s
en
s
in
g
i
s
a
C
R
th
a
t
tr
ac
k
s
t
h
e
s
tate
o
f
th
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
a
n
d
r
eg
u
lar
l
y
s
en
s
es
licen
s
ed
u
s
er
s
'
ac
ti
v
it
y
[
1
5
]
,
[
19
]
,
[
20]
.
I
n
o
th
er
w
o
r
d
s
,
it
co
llects
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
an
d
d
eter
m
in
e
s
t
h
e
u
n
u
s
ed
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
to
a
n
al
y
ze
t
h
e
av
a
ilab
le
r
ad
io
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
[
8
]
,
[
9
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
P
e
r
h
ap
s
it
h
elp
s
c
h
a
n
g
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
ar
am
e
ter
s
s
u
c
h
as
p
o
w
er
r
ates,
co
d
es,
an
d
f
r
eq
u
en
c
ies
to
r
estrict
u
n
w
a
n
t
ed
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
cr
itical
elem
e
n
t
s
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
s
en
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
ar
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
,
an
d
s
en
s
in
g
ti
m
e
[
9
]
.
As a
f
i
n
al
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
,
al
l sp
ec
tr
u
m
s
en
s
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
'
m
a
in
g
o
al
i
s
to
o
p
tim
ize
t
h
e
li
k
eli
h
o
o
d
o
f
d
etec
tio
n
w
it
h
a
lo
w
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
f
alse a
lar
m
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
ai
m
s
to
d
etec
t
an
d
an
al
y
ze
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
h
o
les
i
n
th
e
in
d
u
s
tr
ial,
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
an
d
m
ed
ical
(
I
SM
)
b
an
d
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
U
n
iv
er
s
al
So
f
t
w
ar
e
R
ad
io
P
er
ip
h
er
al
(
USR
P
)
test
b
ed
to
b
e
u
s
ed
b
y
S
U.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
t
h
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as f
o
llo
w
s
.
I
n
s
ec
tio
n
2
,
th
e
r
esear
c
h
m
eth
o
d
is
d
i
s
cu
s
s
ed
,
an
d
th
e
f
o
r
m
u
la
i
s
s
ta
t
ed
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
3
,
th
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
u
til
izat
io
n
an
d
h
o
les in
t
h
e
s
p
ec
if
ied
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
w
er
e
an
al
y
ze
d
.
Fin
al
l
y
,
s
ec
tio
n
4
is
th
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
o
f
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
W
h
ite
-
s
p
ac
e
illu
s
tr
at
io
n
[
9
]
,
[
1
3
]
,
[
1
4
]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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t
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tio
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ac
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h
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etec
tio
n
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h
n
iq
u
e
is
d
escr
ib
ed
as
(
1
)
[2
]
,
[
24
]
-
[
29
]
.
(
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=
{
(
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0
(
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+
(
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1
(
1
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Hen
ce
(
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1767
RE
F
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NC
E
S
[1
]
Cisc
o
,
“
Cisc
o
A
n
n
u
a
l
in
tern
e
t
Re
p
o
rt
-
Cisc
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A
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t
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(2
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3
)
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h
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P
a
p
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2
0
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10
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a
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2
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2
0
.
A
c
c
e
ss
e
d
:
2
2
-
De
c
-
2
0
2
0
.
[
On
l
in
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
s://
w
ww
.
c
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.
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/c/e
n
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lat
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1
1
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4
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[2
]
M
.
H.
M
o
h
a
m
a
d
a
n
d
N.
M
.
S
a
n
i,
“
En
e
rg
y
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e
tec
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q
u
e
in
c
o
g
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it
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ra
d
io
S
y
ste
m
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
En
g
i
n
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e
rin
g
a
n
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T
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,
v
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l.
1
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,
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o
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5
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p
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6
9
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,
[
O
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]
.
A
v
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b
le:
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:
//
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rx
.
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&
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[3
]
B.
Ku
m
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r,
S
.
K
.
Dh
u
ra
n
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h
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r
,
a
n
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W
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su
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ter
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f
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mm
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ms
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1
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1
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/d
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3
4
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[4
]
J.
M
it
o
la
a
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G
.
Q.
M
a
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u
ire,
"
Co
g
n
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:
m
a
k
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Per
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mm
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.
[
5
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J
.
M
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,
"
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n
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m
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,
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1
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t
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p
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M
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b
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m
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d
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m
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n
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a
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M
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9
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6
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.
[6
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S
.
Ha
y
k
in
,
"
C
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it
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d
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:
b
ra
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m
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in
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A
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2
0
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4
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8
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[7
]
C.
Ch
rist
o
d
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u
l
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u
,
J.
C
o
sta
n
ti
n
e
,
a
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T
a
w
k
,
“
A
n
ten
n
a
De
sig
n
f
o
r
Co
g
n
it
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Ra
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,
”
A
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,
2
0
1
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.
[8
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M
u
c
h
a
n
d
i
a
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d
R.
Kh
a
n
a
i,
"
Co
g
n
it
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d
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sp
e
c
tru
m
se
n
sin
g
:
A
su
rv
e
y
,
"
2
0
1
6
I
n
ter
n
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ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
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n
El
e
c
trica
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E
lec
tro
n
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,
a
n
d
Op
ti
miza
ti
o
n
T
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iq
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s
(
ICEE
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,
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o
y
a
l
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n
d
S
.
M
a
th
u
r,
“
S
p
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tru
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n
sin
g
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n
d
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e
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ff
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trate
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ter
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n
li
n
e
].
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v
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il
a
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le:
h
tt
p
s:/
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.
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li
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.
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a
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d
N.
A
lo
n
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ti
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S
o
f
twa
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De
f
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e
d
Ra
d
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o
:
A
rc
h
i
tec
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y
ste
m
s
a
n
d
F
u
n
c
ti
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n
s
,
Ch
ich
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ste
r:
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h
n
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y
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m
p
;
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n
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2
0
0
3
.
[
On
l
in
e
].
A
v
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il
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le:
h
tt
p
s://
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ww
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w
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1
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B.
A
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ry
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c
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[1
2
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H.
A
rsla
n
,
“
Co
g
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e
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io
,
so
f
t
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re
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e
f
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ra
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ste
m
s,”
S
p
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[1
3
]
I.
F
.
A
k
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d
iz,
W
.
-
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L
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e
,
M
.
C.
V
u
ra
n
,
a
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S
.
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o
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ty
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w
irele
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rk
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su
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y
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mp
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4
]
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.
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w
a
t,
K.
D.
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in
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h
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a
n
d
J.
M
.
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n
n
in
,
“
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g
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r
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2
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tern
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s:
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y
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mp
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[1
5
]
M
.
A
.
M
a
ti
n
,
“
S
p
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tru
m
A
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tw
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u
c
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g
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lan
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D.
E:
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.
[1
6
]
D.
W
il
lk
o
m
m
,
J.
G
ro
ss
,
a
n
d
A
.
W
o
li
sz
,
"
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li
a
b
le
li
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m
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in
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in
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ra
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m
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rs
t
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ter
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7
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.
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.
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sh
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a
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u
,
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p
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8
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N
.
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A
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.
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s,”
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mp
u
ter
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mm
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,
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l
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9
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P
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in
,
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P
a
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l
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a
n
d
D.
P
ra
d
h
a
n
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rro
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n
d
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c
tru
m
S
e
n
sin
g
in
c
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tec
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ter
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ter
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0
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it
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a
,
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S
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te
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ti
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n
:
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m
p
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siv
e
A
n
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Pro
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e
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th
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F
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In
ter
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1
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.
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a
n
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I
.
D
e
v
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l
i
,
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p
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s
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2
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S.
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sa
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rm
a
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T
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ll
a
m
b
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ra
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3
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.
Z.
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h
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H.
G
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,
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M
.
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k
,
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trica
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IJ
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),
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[2
4
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A
.
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m
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r,
P
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T
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k
u
r,
S
.
P
a
n
d
it
,
a
n
d
G
.
S
in
g
h
,
“
A
n
a
ly
sis
o
f
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ti
m
a
l
th
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sh
o
ld
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lec
ti
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it
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tw
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rk
:
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n
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n
e
rg
y
d
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te
c
ti
o
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a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
W
ire
les
s
Ne
two
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s
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v
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l.
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-
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.
[2
5
]
Y.
A
rjo
u
n
e
,
Z
.
E
.
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ra
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,
H.
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rs M
a
lay
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(BEM
).
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.