TE
LKOM
NI
KA
Te
le
c
om
munica
tion,
C
omp
u
tin
g,
El
e
ctroni
cs and
Contr
ol
Vo
l.
1
8
,
No.
1
,
Febr
uar
y
2020
, pp.
72
~
79
IS
S
N: 16
93
-
6930, acc
red
it
ed
First G
ra
de by
Kem
enr
ist
ekd
i
kti, D
ec
ree
N
o: 21/E/
KP
T/
2018
DOI: 10.
12
928/
TELK
OMN
I
KA.v1
8
i
1
.
13189
72
Journ
al h
om
e
page
:
http:
//
jo
ur
nal.
uad.ac
.id
/i
nd
ex.
php/TE
LKOMNIKA
Stu
dy on the
e
ff
ec
t o
f
the
s
ub
stra
t
e
m
aterial
t
yp
e and
t
hickn
ess
on the
p
er
f
orma
nce of th
e
f
ilt
ering
a
ntenn
a
d
esign
Moham
med
K. Alkh
afaj
i
1
,
Hana
’
a A. Al
ha
m
adani
2
,
Y
as
ir
I. A
. Al
-
Y
as
ir
3
,
Ameer
L. Sa
le
h
4
,
Na
se
r O
ja
r
oudi
Pa
rc
hin
5
,
R
aed A.
Abd
-
Al
ha
mee
d
6
1
,2
El
e
ct
roni
c Te
c
hnique
s Depa
r
t
m
ent
,
Basr
a
T
echnic
a
l
Insti
tut
e
,
Southern
T
ec
hni
ca
l
Univer
sit
y
,
Ir
aq
3,5
,6
Facul
t
y
of En
gine
er
ing
and
In
form
at
ic
s,
Unive
rsit
y
of
Br
adf
ord
,
Unit
ed
Kingdo
m
4
Depa
rtment of
El
e
ct
ri
ca
l
Eng
in
ee
ring
,
Univ
ersity
of
Misan
,
Ir
aq
Art
ic
le
In
f
o
ABSTR
A
CT
Art
ic
le
history:
Re
cei
ved
Ma
y
22
, 201
9
Re
vised
O
c
t
1
2
,
20
19
Accepte
d
Nov
1
9
, 20
19
Thi
s
artic
le
pr
ese
nts
a
new
desig
n
of
a
four
-
pole
m
ic
rostrip
fi
lt
er
i
ng
antenna
.
The
f
il
t
eri
ng
antenna
consists
of
a
bandp
ass
fil
t
er
,
which
has
four
resona
tors
int
egr
at
ed
to
a
m
onopole
patch
antenna
.
Th
e
f
i
lt
eri
ng
an
te
nn
a
is
designe
d
with
a
relati
v
ely
high
bandwidt
h
of
about
1.
22
GH
z
to
sati
sf
y
a
high
-
spee
d
dat
a
tr
ansm
issio
n.
Thre
e
t
y
p
es
of
die
lectr
i
c
subs
tra
te
m
at
er
ia
ls
were
used
for
the
d
esign
of
th
e
filter
ing
an
te
n
na,
whi
ch
is
R
T
/Duroid
5880,
R
O3003,
and
FR
-
4.
The
sim
ula
ti
on
r
esult
s
of
the
fil
t
eri
ng
ant
enna
d
esign,
which
ar
e
esta
bli
sh
ed
on
the
thre
e
diff
erent
die
lectr
ic
subs
tra
te
m
at
er
ia
ls
,
are
done
b
y
using
Com
pute
r
Sim
ula
ti
on
Tech
nolog
y
(CST)
so
ftwa
re.
Com
par
i
son
result
s
of
the
fil
t
eri
ng
ant
enn
a
tha
t
is
esta
bli
sh
ed
on
the
thre
e
d
iffe
r
e
nt
die
l
ec
tr
ic
subs
tra
te
m
at
er
i
al
s
are
done
a
t
a
fixe
d
subs
t
rat
e
h
ei
ght
and
diffe
ren
t
subs
tra
te
hei
gh
t
s.
The
fil
t
eri
ng
ant
enn
a
is
designe
d
at
a
c
ent
e
r
fre
que
n
c
y
f0
=
2
.
412
GH
z
,
which
is sui
ta
bl
e
for
W
LAN a
pp
l
ic
a
ti
ons.
Ke
yw
or
d
s
:
B
andpass
f
il
te
r
CST soft
wa
re
D
ie
le
ct
ric subs
trat
e m
a
te
rial
Fil
te
ring
a
nten
na
RO3003
FR
-
4
RT/
Duro
i
d 588
0
This
is an
open
acc
ess arti
cl
e
un
der
the
CC
B
Y
-
SA
l
ic
ense
.
Corres
pond
in
g
Aut
h
or
:
Yasir I.
A
.
A
l
-
Yasir
,
Faculty
of E
ngineerin
g
a
nd In
form
atics,
Un
i
ver
sit
y o
f B
radford,
Brad
ford, B
D1 1
JB,
U
nited
K
ingdo
m
.
Em
a
il
:
y.i
.a.al
-
ya
sir@brad
f
ord.
ac.
uk
1.
INTROD
U
CTION
Ever
-
inc
reasin
g
dem
and
f
or
com
pact
wireless
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
transce
ivers
co
ntin
ue
s
to
i
m
pact
the
fiel
d
of
m
ic
rowav
e
(M
W)
a
nd
ra
dio
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
(RF
)
ap
plica
ti
on
s
[1,
2].
So
m
e
of
the
m
os
t
i
m
po
rtan
t
m
od
ules
in
suc
h
syst
em
s
are
the
m
ic
ro
strip
anten
nas
a
nd
filt
ers
[3
-
15
]
,
and
it
s
pe
r
for
m
ance
gr
eat
ly
eff
ect
s
the
perf
or
m
ance
of
the
who
le
wireless
co
m
m
un
ic
at
ion
s
yst
e
m
s.
In
re
cent
ye
ars,
the
m
ic
ro
strip
filt
ering
anten
na
ha
s
be
com
e
on
e
of
the
best
-
desire
d
de
vice
str
uc
tures
because
of
t
heir
lo
w
pro
file
,
com
pact
siz
e,
li
gh
twei
ght,
a
nd
ease
of
fa
br
i
cat
ion
.
T
he
m
i
cro
st
rip
filt
erin
g
a
nten
na
is
be
nef
ic
ia
l
beca
use
it
can
be
dir
ect
ly
pr
i
nted
on
t
o
th
e
diele
ct
ric
sub
strat
e
m
at
erial
s
[16].
Fil
te
rin
g
anten
na
de
sig
n
has
m
any
ap
plica
ti
on
s,
m
os
tl
y
in
m
od
ern
wi
reless
com
m
un
ic
at
ion
syst
em
s
because
of
th
e
filt
ering
a
nd
rad
ia
ti
ng
res
pons
es
a
re
oc
currin
g
si
m
ultaneou
sly
[17
]
.
It
is
kn
ow
n
that
the
us
e
of
the
su
bs
t
rate
m
at
erial
in
t
he
desi
gn
of
RF/m
ic
ro
wav
e
ci
rcu
it
s
is
a
com
m
on
and
essenti
al
issue.
On
e
of
the
des
ign
basics
is
to
choose
the
ap
pro
pr
ia
te
su
bst
rate
m
at
erial
t
ype
as
well
as
thickne
ss
to
fit
the
pro
po
se
d
a
pp
li
cat
ion
.
Fi
nd
i
ng
the
diele
ct
ric
su
bst
rate
f
or
pr
inte
d
-
ci
rcu
it
-
boar
d
(P
CB
)
m
at
erials
pro
vid
es
a
hi
gh
-
perform
ance
am
ou
nt
for
a
ccepta
ble
c
harges
at
these
fr
e
qu
e
ncies
repre
sent
a
gr
eat
c
halle
ng
e.
By
rec
ogni
zi
ng
t
he
key
par
am
et
ers
an
d
feature
s
of
interest
to
PC
B
m
a
te
rial
s
a
t
high
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELK
OMN
IKA
Tel
ec
omm
u
n
C
om
pu
t El
Con
t
ro
l
Study
on the
ef
fe
ct
o
f t
he
s
ubs
trate m
aterial t
ype
and
t
hickn
ess
....
(
Mo
ham
med K. Alk
ha
f
aji)
73
fr
e
qu
e
ncies,
s
uc
h
as
how
different
ty
pes
of
PCB
’s
be
hav
e
fo
r
dif
fer
e
nt
ty
pes
of
s
ubstr
at
e
m
at
erial
s
a
t
high
fr
e
qu
e
ncies
(m
il
lim
et
er
-
wav
e
fr
e
quencies
).
The
sel
ect
io
n
can
be
ca
refull
y
con
cei
ved
w
hen
ch
oosin
g
pr
i
nt
e
d
ci
rcu
it
bo
a
rd
m
at
erial
s
fo
r
use
in
hig
h
f
re
quencies
[
18]
.
This
wor
k
pr
ese
nts
three
dif
fere
nt
ty
pes
of
di
el
ect
ric
su
bst
rate
m
at
erial
s
to
be
us
e
d
in
filt
erin
g
a
nt
enn
a
desig
n
a
nd
t
hen
chec
k
the
desig
n
qual
it
y
and
it
s
su
it
a
bili
ty
for
the
appli
cat
ion
,
which
is
de
sign
e
d for.
2.
PROPE
RTIE
S OF
THE
D
I
EL
ECTRIC S
UBSTR
ATES
2.1.
FR
-
4
glass ep
oxy di
el
ectric
subst
r
ate
FR
-
4
is
a
lo
w
-
c
os
t
PCB
m
at
erial
,
m
ade
from
fiberg
la
ss
te
xtil
e
im
ple
m
ented
in
e
poxy
re
sin
.
The
“
FR”
in
F
R
-
4
i
nd
ic
at
es
t
o
“
fire
resist
an
t”
.
It
has
m
os
tl
y
su
bst
it
uted
t
he
(f
la
m
m
able
)
bo
a
rd
m
at
eri
al
G
-
10
because
of
this
featu
re.
The
F
R
-
4
m
at
erial
,
us
ua
ll
y
works
well
,
w
he
n
des
ign
in
g
bel
ow
1
GH
z
.
Howe
ver,
as
fr
e
qu
e
ncies
ris
e
beyond
1
G
Hz,
the
pas
siv
e
ci
rcu
it
el
e
m
e
nts
have
to
be
ta
ken
into
co
ns
ide
rati
on.
T
he
m
a
in
consi
der
at
io
ns
for
ci
rc
uit
desi
gn
i
n
the
3
-
6
GH
z
i
nvolv
e
s
kin
e
ff
ect
,
s
urf
ace
rou
ghness
,
pro
xim
it
y
eff
ect
,
and
diele
ct
ric
subst
rate
[
19
]
.
The
FR
-
4
diele
ct
ric
co
ns
ta
nt
ε
r
ha
s
bee
n
re
porte
d
betwee
n
4.
3
–
4.8
,
a
nd
is
sli
gh
tl
y
dep
e
ndent
on t
he fre
qu
e
ncy.
The
l
os
s ta
ng
e
nt tan
δ of FR
-
4 i
s 0.01
8.
2.2.
RT/
D
ur
o
id
58
80 diel
ectric
s
ubst
r
at
e
Com
po
sit
es
RT/
Duro
i
d
5880
m
ic
ro
fib
er
rei
nfor
ce
d
PTFE
is
desig
ne
d
for
dem
and
in
g
st
ripline
a
nd
m
ic
ro
strip
li
ne
ap
plica
ti
on
s.
RT/
Duro
i
d
is
a
glass
m
ic
ro
fiber
rei
nfor
ce
d
PTFE
(Poly
T
et
ra
Flu
oro
Et
hyle
ne)
com
po
sit
e
bu
il
t
by
Rog
e
r
C
o
rpor
at
io
n.
The
y
sh
ow
a
ver
y
good
c
hem
ic
a
l
resist
ance,
i
nvol
ving
s
olv
e
nt
and
reag
e
nts
util
iz
ed
in
pr
inti
ng
and
c
oatin
g,
ease
of
c
utti
ng
a
nd
fabri
cat
ion
,
s
hear
i
ng,
m
achining,
an
d
env
i
ronm
ent
-
fri
end
ly
[
7].
RT/
Duro
i
d
5880
ha
s
a
low
l
os
s
t
ang
e
nt
ta
nδ
of
about
0
.00
4
a
nd
diele
ct
ric
c
onsta
nt
ε
r
= 2.2
[20
]
.
2.3.
RO300
3
diel
e
ctric sub
str
at
e
Tit
le
RO3
00
3
lam
inate
s
is
a
ceram
ic
-
fill
ed
(P
oly
Tet
ra
Fl
uor
o
Ethyl
ene
)
PTFE
c
om
posit
e
ci
rcu
it
m
at
erial
with
m
echan
ic
al
ch
aracte
risti
cs,
wh
ic
h
a
re
uni
form
reg
ar
dles
s
of
the
ch
oo
sing
of
the
di
el
ect
ric
const
ant.
T
his
case
per
m
it
s
t
he
desi
gn
e
rs
t
o
de
velo
p
m
u
lti
-
la
ye
r
bo
a
rd
desig
ns
,
w
hich
are
us
e
d
di
ff
e
ren
tl
y
diele
ct
ric
con
s
ta
nt
m
at
erial
s
for
ind
i
vidual
la
ye
rs,
without
facing
acc
ur
a
cy
pr
oble
m
s
[
21
]
.
RO
3003
has
low
loss tan
ge
nt ta
nδ
=
0.00
13 a
nd
diele
ct
ric co
ns
ta
nt ε
r
=
3.0.
3.
FILT
ERING
AN
TE
NNA S
TRU
CTU
RE
The
la
yo
ut
of
the
pro
posed
f
il
te
ring
ante
nna
structu
re
is
s
how
n
in
Fi
gur
e
1.
T
he
filt
eri
ng
a
nten
na
consi
sts
of
fou
r
po
le
ba
ndpas
s
filt
er
a
nd
m
on
op
ole
patc
h
a
nten
na.
The
int
egr
at
io
n
of
the
BPF
with
m
on
op
ole
patch
a
nten
na
is
done
by
c
onnecti
ng
the
seco
nd
port
of
t
he
B
PF
with
the
ante
nn
a
.
A
50
-
Ω
m
ic
ro
strip
feed
-
li
ne
was
f
ed
both
the
BP
F
and
m
onopol
e
patch
anten
na,
s
o
there
is
no
need
t
o
the
add
it
io
nal
m
atch
in
g
ci
rcu
it
.
The
four
-
pole
ba
ndpa
ss
filt
er
cons
ist
s
of
f
our
re
so
na
tor
s,
w
hic
h
are
c
onnect
ed
to
the
m
icr
os
t
rip
feed
-
li
ne
est
a
bl
ished
on
a
di
el
ect
ric
su
bs
t
r
at
e
m
at
erial
with
gro
und
pla
ne
has
a
n
L
-
s
hap
e
d
sl
ot
et
ched
as
sh
ow
n
in
Fig
ure
2.
Eac
h
re
s
on
at
or
c
onsist
s
of
t
he
s
quare
open
l
oop
wi
th
a
lo
ng
it
udi
nal
strip
e
nde
d
wit
h
E
-
s
hap
e
d
a
rm
s
.
Figure
1. Fil
te
ring
a
nten
na st
r
uctu
re lay
out
Figure
2. F
our
-
po
le
ba
ndpass
filt
er s
truct
ur
e
la
yout
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
TELK
OMN
IKA
Tel
ec
omm
u
n
C
om
pu
t El
Con
t
ro
l
,
V
ol.
1
8
,
No.
1
,
Fe
bruary
2020:
72
-
79
74
The
filt
ering
a
nten
na
was
est
ablishe
d
on
t
hree
dif
fer
e
nt
ty
pes
of
diele
ct
ric
substrat
e
m
ater
ia
ls,
w
hic
h
are
FR
-
4,
RT/
Duro
i
d
5880,
and
RO
3003.
Firstl
y,
these
s
ub
st
rate
m
at
eri
al
s
are
ke
pt
at
a
fixe
d
thic
kn
e
ss,
a
nd
then
t
he
thick
ne
ss
of
each
die
le
ct
ric
su
bs
t
rate
was
c
hange
d
to
in
vestigat
e, w
hic
h
of
t
hese th
ree
ty
pes
a
re m
or
e
su
it
able
f
or
t
he
sp
eci
ficat
io
ns
for
this
a
pp
li
ca
ti
on
.
T
he
a
bsor
ption
of
el
ect
rical
energy
by
a
diele
ct
ric
m
a
t
erial
,
wh
ic
h
is
e
xpos
e
d
to
a
n
al
te
rn
at
in
g
el
ect
ric
fiel
d,
is
nam
ed
diele
ct
ric
loss.
Diel
ec
tric
loss
is
due
t
o
the
infl
ue
nce
of
t
he
li
m
it
ed
loss
ta
nge
nt,
t
anδ
i
n
wh
ic
h
t
he
los
ses
inc
r
easi
ng
a
nd
dir
ect
ly
pr
op
or
ti
onal
to
the
ope
rati
ng
f
reque
ncy.
General
ly
,
the
diele
ct
ric
co
ns
ta
nt
of
the
diele
ct
r
ic
substrat
e
ε
r
is
a
c
om
plex
num
ber
and is
giv
e
n by:
ε
r
=
ε
r
′
+
j
ε
r
"
(1
)
w
he
re,
′
-
Is
a
r
eal
par
t
of the
diele
ct
ric co
ns
ta
nt.
"
–
Is
a
n
im
aginar
y pa
rt of t
he diel
ect
ric co
ns
t
ant.
The
n
the
loss
tang
e
nt is
giv
e
n as [
22]
:
=
"
′
(
2)
t
he
relat
io
nship
betwee
n
the
t
ang
e
nt lo
ss a
nd
diele
ct
ric los
s is g
i
ven b
y t
he
foll
ow
i
ng form
ula [
23
]
:
=
√
∙
−
1
−
1
∙
∙
(3)
w
he
re,
–
Is
a
d
ie
le
ct
ri
c loss.
–
Is
t
he
e
ff
ect
i
ve diel
ect
ric co
ns
ta
nt
of the
substrat
e m
at
eria
l.
–
Is
a
free
s
pa
ce wa
velen
gth.
Figure
3,
sho
w
s
the
diele
ct
ric
loss
for
t
he
th
ree
ty
pes
of
di
el
ect
ric
su
bst
ra
te
s,
w
hich
a
re
us
e
d
in
t
his
researc
h
a
rtic
le
. T
he
m
ic
ro
strip
pro
pag
at
io
n delay
t
pd
is a f
unct
ion o
f
a
sub
strat
e d
ie
le
ct
ric co
ns
ta
nt ε
r
:
(
⁄
)
=
1
.
017
√
0
.
475
+
0
.
67
(
4)
Atte
nu
at
io
n
s
ources
of
pract
ic
al
m
ic
ro
strip
li
nes
are
du
e
to
the
e
ff
ect
s
of
ra
diati
on
and
finite
cond
uctivit
y
of
the
co
nducto
r
li
nes.
I
n
ad
diti
on,
ene
r
gy
in
a
m
ic
ro
strip
is
de
pendin
g
on
t
he
diele
ct
ric
const
ant
ε
r
,
substrat
e
t
hick
ness
h,
a
nd
t
he
ci
rc
uit
geo
m
et
ry.
U
sing
l
ow
diele
ct
ric
const
ant
substr
at
e
has
a
low
con
ce
ntrati
on
energy,
w
hich
le
ads
to
a
gr
eat
ra
diati
on
los
ses.
Figure
4,
s
hows
the
relat
ion
s
hi
p
of
the
pro
pa
gation
delay
with
res
pect
to
the
diele
ct
ric
con
sta
nt
of
dif
fe
ren
t
ty
pes
of
diele
ct
ric
su
b
strat
e m
at
erial
s.
Figure
3. Diel
e
ct
ric loss
versu
s f
r
eq
ue
ncy f
or
diff
e
re
nt ty
pes of diel
ect
ric s
ubstrat
e m
at
eria
ls
Figure
4. Pro
pa
gation delay
ve
rsu
s
diele
ct
ric co
ns
t
ant
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0
0
.
0
5
0
.
1
0
.
1
5
0
.
2
0
.
2
5
0
.
3
0
.
3
5
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
G
H
z
)
D
i
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
L
o
s
s
(
d
B
/
c
m
)
F
R
-
4
,
E
r
=
4
.
3
R
T
/
D
u
r
o
i
d
5
8
8
0
,
E
r
=
2
.
2
R
O
3
0
0
3
,
E
r
=
3
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Tel
ec
omm
u
n
C
om
pu
t El
Con
t
ro
l
Study
on the
ef
fe
ct
o
f t
he
s
ubs
trate m
aterial t
ype
and
t
hickn
ess
....
(
Mo
ham
med K. Alk
ha
f
aji)
75
4.
RESU
LT
S
AND DI
SCUS
S
ION
Figure
5,
sho
ws
the
filt
eri
ng
ante
nn
a
de
sign
struc
tur
e
with
it
s
optim
iz
ed
dim
ensio
ns
,
an
d
the
optim
iz
ed
dim
ension
s
are
sta
te
d
in
Tabl
e
1.
Fig
ur
e
6,
s
hows
the
ref
le
ct
ion
pa
ram
et
e
r
(S
11
-
param
eter
)
a
nd
gain
for
the
f
il
te
ring
ante
nna,
w
hich
is
de
sign
e
d
on
R
T/
Duro
i
d
58
80
diele
ct
ric
s
ub
st
rate
with
heig
ht
h
=
30.
944
m
il
and
diele
ct
ric
co
ns
ta
nt
2.2.
T
he
filt
erin
g
a
nten
na
has
desi
gn
e
d
at
a
cente
r
f
reque
ncy
f
o
=
2.
41
2
G
H
z,
an
d
a
ba
nd
edg
e
s
f
1
=
1.8
72
G
Hz
a
nd
f
2
=
3.109
9
G
Hz.
The
filt
erin
g
a
nten
na
is
su
it
a
ble
f
or
W
L
AN
a
ppli
cat
ion
s
a
nd
a
re
la
ti
vely
hig
h
ba
ndwidt
h
is
fit
the
fast
data
t
ran
sm
issi
on
,
w
hich
is
re
qu
ire
d
in
a
m
od
ern
com
m
un
ic
at
io
n
syst
em
s.
Figu
re
7,
s
hows
the
S
11
-
pa
ram
et
er
of
the
filt
ering
anten
na
with
ou
t
L
-
s
hap
e
d
Def
ect
e
d Ground Str
uctu
re
(
DGS).
Figure
5. Fil
te
ring
a
nten
na St
r
uctu
re
with it
s
op
ti
m
iz
ed
dim
ensio
ns
Table
1
.
T
he
optim
iz
ed
dim
e
ns
io
n of t
he fil
te
rin
g
a
nten
na
Para
m
eter
W
W
P
W
S
W
S1
W
1
Di
m
en
sio
n
(
m
m
)
45
20
15
0
.5
3
.9
Para
m
eter
W
4
W
m
W
r
W
dg
W
S2
Di
m
en
sio
n
(
m
m
)
8
2
.4
10
7
.5
0
.5
Para
m
eter
L
g
L
r
L
S1
L
1
L
2
Di
m
en
sio
n
(
m
m
)
2
5
.4
9
0
.4
4
26
Para
m
eter
W
2
W
3
S
1
L
L
p
Di
m
en
sio
n
(
m
m
)
6
.6
1
0
.5
48
18
Para
m
eter
L
dg
L
3
S
2
G
L
s
Di
m
en
sio
n
(
m
m
)
5
.4
3
0
.8
1
3
.5
Figure
6. S
11
-
pa
ram
et
er an
d g
ai
n
of
the f
il
te
rin
g
a
nt
enn
a
Figure
7. S
11
-
pa
ram
et
er o
f
the
f
il
te
ring a
nten
na
without
DGS
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S
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ec
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u
n
C
om
pu
t El
Con
t
ro
l
,
V
ol.
1
8
,
No.
1
,
Fe
bruary
2020:
72
-
79
76
Etc
hing
the
D
GS
in
the
gro
und
plane
of
the
filt
ering
anten
na
distu
rb
e
d
th
e
sh
ie
ld
curre
nt
distribu
ti
on
in
a
wa
ve
-
gui
ding
str
uctu
re.
This
disturba
nce
will
change
prop
e
rtie
s
of
t
he
desig
n
su
c
h
as
the
ef
fecti
ve
capaci
ta
nce
a
nd
ef
fecti
ve
i
nductance
[
24
]
.
The
f
eat
ure
of
DGS
is
a
sl
ow
-
wa
ve
im
pact
because
the
e
quivale
nt
LC
com
ponent
s
that
m
ay
decr
ease
t
he
de
sign
ci
rc
uit
siz
e
[
25
]
.
From
Fig
ur
es
6
a
nd
7,
can
noti
ce
that
the
sig
nificant
and
obvi
ous
ef
fect
of
the
DGS
on
the
overa
ll
per
f
or
m
ance
of
t
he
filt
erin
g
ante
nn
a
res
ponse
.
Figure
8, sho
w
s the
S
11
-
pa
ra
m
et
er o
f
t
he fil
te
ring an
te
nn
a
without t
he
S
quare
Ope
n
L
oop
Re
s
on
at
or (
S
OLR)
.
Figure
8. S
11
-
pa
ram
et
er o
f
the
f
il
te
ring a
nten
na wit
hout S
O
LR
Figure
9,
sho
ws
the
Fa
r
-
fiel
d
rad
ia
ti
on
pa
tt
ern
of
the
filt
ering
a
nten
na
at
a
center
fr
e
quenc
y
f
o
=
2.4
12
G
Hz.
T
he
sim
ulati
on
r
esults
a
re
obta
ine
d
by
us
in
g
Com
pute
r
Sim
ulati
on
Tec
hnol
og
y
(CST
)
so
ft
war
e
.
The
com
par
ison
graph
of
the
ref
le
ct
ion
pa
ram
et
e
r
for
the
th
ree
ty
pes
of
diele
ct
ric
su
bst
rate
m
at
erial
at
a
fixe
d
sub
strat
e
hei
gh
t
h
=
30.
944
m
ils
is
s
how
n
in
Figure
10.
T
he
eff
ect
of
the
diele
ct
ric
s
ubstrat
e
m
at
erial
on
the
desig
n
pe
rfor
m
ance
especial
ly
the
center
fr
e
quency
an
d
r
eflect
ion
pa
ra
m
et
er.
Table
2
c
onta
ins
the
c
om
par
ison
of
s
om
e
par
am
et
ers
of
the
three d
iffe
re
nt
diele
ct
ric
subs
trat
e
ty
pes
for
wh
ic
h
the f
il
te
rin
g
a
nt
enn
a is
d
esi
gned
a
nd establi
s
hed in.
Figure
11,
s
hows
the
c
om
par
iso
n
of
the
ref
le
ct
io
n
par
a
m
et
er
of
the
three
dif
fer
e
nt
diele
ct
ric
su
b
strat
e
m
a
ter
ia
ls,
wh
ic
h
th
e
filt
ering
ante
nn
a
desig
n
is,
est
ablished
i
n,
for
dif
fer
e
nt
substrat
e
hei
gh
ts.
This
com
par
ison
is
a
necessa
ry
issue
to
il
lustrate
the
eff
ect
of
t
he
diele
ct
ric
sub
strat
e
m
at
erial
ty
pe,
an
d
thic
kness.
Table
3
co
ntains
the
com
par
i
so
n
of
s
om
e
of
the
im
po
rtant
par
am
et
ers
involve
d
in
t
he
de
sign
of
the
filt
erin
g
anten
na
ci
rc
uit
on
the
three
di
ff
ere
nt
diele
ct
ric
substrat
e
m
at
erial
ty
pes.
T
he
par
am
et
er
com
par
ison
of
t
hese
three ty
pes
of t
he diel
ect
ric m
at
erial
s is stat
ed
in
Ta
ble 3.
Tabl
e
2.
C
om
par
iso
n of som
e d
iffe
re
nt p
a
ra
m
et
ers
for
the
diff
e
re
nt d
ie
le
c
tric
substrate
m
at
erial
s
Para
m
eters
Dielectri
c Sub
strat
e ty
p
e
RT/ 58
8
0
RO3
0
0
3
FR
-
4
Cen
ter
f
requ
en
cy
(f
o
GHz)
2
.41
2
2
.20
2
1
.92
4
Retu
rn lo
ss
RL
(d
B)
-
15
-
1
2
.06
5
-
6
.03
1
4
Maxi
m
u
m
Gain
(dB
)
4
.03
2
.43
1
.18
BW
(GHz
)
1
.22
0
.92
2
0
.65
7
VSW
R
1
.19
3
7
1
.58
2
.2
Table
3.
T
he
c
om
par
ison o
f
s
om
e o
f
the
im
p
or
ta
nt p
a
ram
eter
s in
volve
d
in
the
desig
n of t
he fil
te
ring an
t
enn
a
ci
rcu
it
on t
he
t
hr
ee
d
if
fer
e
nt
diele
ct
ric subst
rate m
at
erial
t
yp
es
Para
m
eters
Dielectri
c Sub
strat
e ty
p
e
RT/ 58
8
0
RO3
0
0
3
FR
-
4
Cen
ter
f
requ
en
cy
(
f
o
GHz)
2
.41
2
2
.3
2
.04
9
Retu
rn lo
ss
RL
(d
B)
-
15
-
1
3
.06
3
-
7
.04
Maxi
m
u
m
Gain
(dB
)
4
.03
2
.63
2
.22
Su
b
strate heig
h
t (
h
)
m
ils
3
0
.94
4
50
63
BW
(GHz
)
1
.22
1
.3
1
.05
9
VSW
R
1
.19
3
7
1
.52
2
.24
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELK
OMN
IKA
Tel
ec
omm
u
n
C
om
pu
t El
Con
t
ro
l
Study
on the
ef
fe
ct
o
f t
he
s
ubs
trate m
aterial t
ype
and
t
hickn
ess
....
(
Mo
ham
med K. Alk
ha
f
aji)
77
Figure
9. Far
-
fi
el
d
ra
diati
on pat
te
rn
of
t
he fil
te
ring an
te
nn
a
:
(a) Di
recti
vity
,
(
b) G
ai
n,
(c)
E
-
Fiel
d, (
d) H
-
Fiel
d
Figure
10. C
om
par
ison
of S
11
-
pa
ram
et
er f
or the
diff
e
re
nt di
el
ect
ric su
bs
t
r
at
e
m
at
erial
s,
h
=
30.
944
m
il
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
TELK
OMN
IKA
Tel
ec
omm
u
n
C
om
pu
t El
Con
t
ro
l
,
V
ol.
1
8
,
No.
1
,
Fe
bruary
2020:
72
-
79
78
Figure
11. C
om
par
ison
of S
11
-
pa
ram
et
er f
or the
diff
e
re
nt di
el
ect
ric su
bs
t
r
at
e
m
at
erial
s
and d
i
ff
e
ren
t
di
el
ect
ric su
bs
t
r
at
e h
ei
ghts
5.
CONCL
US
I
O
N
This
arti
cl
e
pr
esents
a
m
ic
r
os
trip
filt
erin
g
anten
na
de
sign
f
or
WL
A
N
ap
plica
ti
on
s
in
a
center
fr
e
qu
e
ncy
f
0
= 2
.
412
G
Hz.
A
m
ic
ro
strip
-
filt
erin
g
anten
na
ha
s
desig
ned
a
nd
buil
t
on
a
thr
ee
diff
e
ren
t
die
le
ct
ric
su
bst
rate
m
at
erial
s,
w
hich
a
re
RT/
Dur
oid
58
80,
R
O30
03,
a
nd
FR
-
4.
T
hes
e
desi
gn
s
ha
ve
done
by
us
i
ng
CST
m
ic
ro
wa
ve
stu
dio
s
uite
so
ft
war
e
.
The
filt
erin
g
anten
na
con
sist
s
of
f
our
-
pole
ba
ndpa
ss
filt
er
integ
rated
to
m
on
opole
patc
h
a
nten
na.
The
com
par
iso
n
of
the
filt
erin
g
anten
na
desig
n,
w
hich
is
us
in
g
the
th
ree
dif
fer
e
nt
diele
ct
ric
su
bs
t
rate
m
at
erial
s
at
a
fixed
subst
rate
heig
ht
and
diff
e
ren
t
hei
ghts
ha
ve
done
.
The
res
u
lt
s
ob
t
ai
ned
from
each
design
i
nd
ic
at
e
tha
t
the
m
os
t
su
it
able
desi
gn
for
this
ap
plica
ti
on
w
he
n
est
abli
sh
e
d
on
RT/
D
uroi
d
5880
diele
ct
ric substrate
m
at
e
rial
.
ACKN
OWLE
DGE
MENTS
This
pro
j
ect
ha
s
receive
d
f
undi
ng
from
the
E
uro
pean
U
nion
’s
Horizo
n
2020
r
esearc
h
a
nd
innov
at
io
n
pro
gr
am
m
e u
nd
er
Grant a
gre
e
m
ent H
20
20
-
MSC
A
-
ITN
-
2016
SECR
ET
-
722424.
REFERE
NCE
S
[1]
H
.
Li
u
,
et
al.,
“
High
-
Te
m
per
at
ure
Superc
on
duct
ing
Bandpas
s
Filt
er
Us
ing
As
y
m
m
et
ric
Steppe
d
-
Im
peda
n
c
e
Resonat
ors
with
W
ide
-
Stopband
Perform
anc
e
,”
IEE
E
Tr
an
sact
ion
Appl
i
ed
Su
perc
onductivity
,
vol.
25
,
no
.
5
,
Oct
2015
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[2]
Y
.
Tu,
et
al.,
“
An
improved
860
–
960MH
z
fully
integra
t
ed
C
MO
S
power
am
pli
fier
design
a
tion
for
UH
F
RF
ID
tra
nsm
it
te
r
,”
Int
ernati
onal
Journ
al
of
Elec
tronic
s
and
Comm
unications,
vo
l.
67
,
n
o.
7
,
pp
.
5
74
-
57
7
,
Jul
2013
.
[3]
Y
.
I
.
Abdulr
ahe
e
m
,
et
a
l.,
“
Design
of
Freque
nc
y
-
r
ec
onfigur
abl
e
Multi
band
Com
pac
t
Antenn
a
using
two
PIN
diodes
for
W
LAN/W
i
MA
X
Applic
ati
ons
,”
IET
Mic
rowaves,
Antennas
and
Propagati
on,
vol.
11
,
no
.
8,
pp.
1098
-
1105
,
Jun
2017
.
[4]
Y
.
Al
-
Yasir,
et
al
.
,
“
Design
of
Ver
y
Com
pact
Com
bli
ne
Band
-
Pass
Filt
er
for
5G
Applic
ations
,”
Loughbor
ough
Ant
ennas
&
Pro
pagati
on
Conf
er
enc
e
,
Loughbor
o
ugh,
UK
,
Nov
2
018
,
pp
.
1
-
4.
[5]
Y
.
I
.
A
.
Al
-
Yasi
r,
et
al
.
,
“
Mixed
-
coupl
ing
m
ult
i
-
f
unct
ion
quin
t
-
wi
deba
nd
as
y
m
m
etric
ste
pp
ed
impe
danc
e
r
esona
tor
fil
ter
,”
Mi
crow
ave
and
Opt
i
cal
T
ec
h
nolog
y
Let
t
er
s
,
vol.
61
,
no.
5,
pp.
1181
-
1184
,
Jan
2019
.
[6]
Y
.
I
.
A
.
Al
-
Yasi
r,
et
al.,
“
New
Multi
-
standard
Dual
-
W
ide
band
and
Quad
-
W
ideband
As
y
m
m
et
ri
c
Step
Im
peda
n
ce
Resonat
or
Filt
er
s
with
W
ide
Stop
Band
Restri
c
tion
,”
Int
ernati
on
al
Journal
of
RF
and
Mic
rowave
Computer
-
Ai
de
d
Engi
ne
ering,
vol
.
29
,
no
.
8
,
Apr
2
019
.
[7]
W
.
Chen,
et
al.,
“
Co
m
pac
t
and
W
ide
Upper
-
Stopband
Tri
pl
e
-
Mode
Broadba
nd
Microstri
p
BP
F
,”
TEL
KOMNIK
A
Tele
communic
a
t
ion
Computing
El
e
ct
ronics
and
Contro
l,
vo
l.
10
,
no.
2,
pp.
353
-
3
58
,
Jun
2012
.
[8]
E
.
S
.
Ahm
ed
,
“
Com
pac
t
Du
al
-
Band
Par
al
l
e
l
Couple
d
T
-
S
hape
d
SIR
Filt
er
for
W
LAN
Applic
ations
,”
TEL
KOMNIKA
Tele
communic
a
t
ion
Computing
El
e
ct
ronics
and
Contro
l,
vo
l.
15
,
no.
4,
pp.
1677
-
1681
,
De
c
2017
.
[9]
M.
Mabrok
,
et
al
.
,
“
Sw
it
cha
bl
e
Dual
-
band
Band
pass
Filt
er
Based
on
Steppe
d
Impe
dance
Resonator
with
U
-
Shaped
Defe
cted
Micro
strip
Struct
ure
for
W
ire
le
ss
Applic
ations
,”
TEL
KOMNIK
A
Tele
communi
cat
ion
Computi
ng
El
e
ct
ronics
and
Control
,
vo
l.
17
,
no.
2,
pp.
1032
-
1039
,
Apr
2019
.
1
1
.
5
2
2
.
5
3
3
.
5
4
-
3
0
-
2
5
-
2
0
-
1
5
-
1
0
-5
0
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
G
H
z
)
S
-
P
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
(
d
B
)
S
1
1
(
d
B
)
,
R
T
/
5
8
8
0
s
u
b
s
t
r
a
t
e
,
h
=
3
0
.
9
4
4
m
i
l
S
1
1
(
d
B
)
,
R
O
/
3
0
0
3
s
u
b
s
t
r
a
t
e
,
h
=
5
0
m
i
l
S
1
1
(
d
B
)
,
F
R
-
4
s
u
b
s
t
r
a
t
e
,
h
=
6
3
m
i
l
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELK
OMN
IKA
Tel
ec
omm
u
n
C
om
pu
t El
Con
t
ro
l
Study
on the
ef
fe
ct
o
f t
he
s
ubs
trate m
aterial t
ype
and
t
hickn
ess
....
(
Mo
ham
med K. Alk
ha
f
aji)
79
[10]
Y
.
I
.
A
.
Al
-
Ya
sir,
et
al.,
“
Design
of
m
ult
i
-
st
a
ndar
d
single/tr
i/quint
-
wideb
and
as
y
m
m
et
ric
step
ped
-
impedance
resona
tor
fi
lt
ers
with
adj
ustab
le
TZ
s,
”
I
ET
Mic
r
owave
s,
An
te
nn
as
&
Propagati
on
,
vol.
13
,
no.
10,
pp.
1
637
-
16
45
,
Aug
2019
.
[11]
A
.
Tay
bi
,
e
t
a
l.,
“
A
New
Configura
t
ion
of
a
High
Output
Volta
g
e
2.
45
GH
z
Rectifier
for
W
ire
le
ss
Pow
er
Tra
nsm
ission
A
ppli
c
at
ions
,”
TEL
KOMNIKA
Te
le
communic
a
ti
o
n
Computing
El
ectronics
and
Control
,
vol.
16
,
no.
5
,
pp
.
1939
-
1946
,
Oct
2018
.
[12]
Y
.
I
.
A
.
Al
-
Yas
ir,
et
al.,
“
A
ne
w
pola
ri
za
t
ion
-
r
ec
onfigur
abl
e
a
nte
nna
for
5G
a
ppli
c
at
ions
,”
Elec
troni
cs,
vol
.
7
,
no.
11
,
pp
.
1
-
9
,
Nov
2018
.
[13]
M
.
H
.
M
.
Sall
eh
,
et
al.,
“
The
In
vesti
gation
of
Subs
tra
te
’s
Diele
ct
ri
c
Properti
es
for
Im
proving
the
Perform
anc
e
of
W
it
ric
i
t
y
Devi
ces
,”
App
lied
Com
putat
ional E
le
c
tromagneti
cs
So
ciety J
ournal
,
vol
.
32
,
no
.
1
,
pp
.
24
-
30
,
Jan
2017
.
[14]
B
.
Yu,
et
al.,
“
A
novel
28
GH
z
bea
m
stee
ring
ar
ra
y
fo
r
5G
m
obil
e
device
w
i
th
m
et
a
ll
i
c
ca
sing
ap
pli
c
at
ion
,”
IE
EE
Tr
ansacti
ons on Ante
nnas and
Pr
opagati
on
,
vol
.
66
,
no
.
1
,
p
p.
46
2
-
466
,
Jan
2018
.
[15]
Y
.
I
.
A
.
Al
-
Yas
ir,
e
t
al.,
“
Re
cent
Progress
in
the
Design
of
4
G/5G
Rec
onfigu
rab
le
Fil
te
rs
,”
E
le
c
tronic
s,
vol
.
8
,
no.
1
,
pp
.
1
-
17
,
J
an
2019
.
[16]
A
.
Khan
and
R
.
Nem
a
,
“
Anal
y
si
s
of
five
diffe
re
nt
die
l
ec
tr
ic
sub
strat
es
on
m
ic
rostrip
pat
ch
an
te
n
na
,”
Int
ernati
on
al
journal
of
comp
ute
r appl
ic
at
ions,
vol
.
55
,
no
.
18
,
pp.
6
-
12
,
Oc
t
20
12
.
[17]
C
.
T
.
Chuang
a
nd
S
.
J
.
Chung
,
“
A
new
compa
ct
fil
t
eri
ng
an
tenna
using
def
ec
t
ed
ground
resona
tor
,”
Mic
rowav
e
Confe
renc
e
Pro
c
ee
dings (
AP
MC)
,
2010
Asia
-
Pa
cific
,
pp
.
1003
-
10
06
,
2010
.
[18]
J
.
Coonrod
,
“
Choosing
Circ
ui
t
Mate
ri
al
s
for
Mi
ll
imeter
W
ave
A
ppli
c
at
ions
,”
Hi
gh
Freque
nc
y
E
l
ec
troni
cs,
vol
.
1
2,
no.
7
,
pp
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22
-
30
,
Jul
2013
.
[19]
D
.
Ley
s
,
“
Best
m
at
erials
for
3
–
6
GH
z
desig
n
,”
Print
ed
Cir
cui
t
Des
ign
&
Manuf
act
ure
,
v
ol.
21
,
pp.
34
-
39
,
Nov
2004
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[20]
A
.
Khare
,
e
t
a
l.,
“
New
m
ult
iba
n
d
E
-
shape
m
ic
ro
strip
patch
ant
en
na
on
RT
DU
ROID
5880
subs
tra
te
and
RO400
3
subs
tra
te
for
p
er
vasive
wir
el
ess
comm
unic
at
ion
,”
Inte
rnat
ional
Jounal
of
Computer
Application
s
,
vol.
9
,
no
.
8
,
pp.
6
-
14
,
2010
.
[21]
S
.
S
.
Afrin
and
P
.
R.
Dev
.
,
“
Perform
anc
e
Ana
l
ysis
of
Microstri
p
Patc
h
Antenna
f
or
Ultra
W
ide
B
and
Appli
ca
t
ion
,”
The
sis,
B
.
Sc.
in
El
e
ct
roni
cs
&
T
el
e
comm
unic
at
i
on
Engi
n
ee
ring
,
Ea
st West
Unive
rsit
y
,
2015
.
[22]
K
.
Szostak
and
P
.
Słobodzian
,
“
Broadba
nd
Di
elec
tr
ic
Me
asure
m
ent
of
PC
B
and
Subs
tra
te
Ma
te
ri
al
s
b
y
Me
ans
of
a
Microstri
p
Li
n
e
of
Adjustabl
e
W
idt
h
,”
IEEE
Mic
rowave
and
Wirel
ess
Com
ponent
s
Lett
ers
,
vol.
28
,
no.
10,
pp.
945
-
947
,
Oc
t
2018
.
[23]
K
.
Y.
Kapusuz
,
et
al.,
“
Subs
tra
te
-
Ind
epe
nd
ent
Microwa
ve
C
om
ponent
s
in
Subs
tra
te
Int
egr
at
ed
W
av
egui
d
e
Te
chno
log
y
for
High
-
Perform
anc
e
Sm
art
Surfa
c
es
,”
I
EEE
Tr
ansacti
ons
on
Mi
c
rowave
Theory
and
Techni
qu
es
,
vol.
66
,
no
.
6,
pp
.
3036
-
3047
,
Jun
2018
.
[24]
G
.
Bree
d
,
“
An
int
roduc
t
ion
to
def
ecte
d
ground
struct
ure
s
in
m
ic
rostrip
ci
rcu
it
s
,”
High
Frequ
e
ncy
E
le
c
tronic
s,
vol.
7
,
pp
.
50
-
54
,
Nov
2008
.
[25]
F
.
S
.
Mahm
ud,
et
al.,
“
Para
m
et
r
ic
studie
s
on
eff
ec
ts
of
def
ecte
d
ground
struct
ure
(DG
S)
for
dual
band
bandstop
m
ic
rostrip
fi
lt
er
,”
E
PJ We
b
of
C
onfe
renc
es
,
vo
l.
1
62
,
2017
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.