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a
n
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d
b
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a
d
b
a
n
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
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o
n
se
rv
ice
s
a
s
we
ll
a
s
f
o
r
b
ro
a
d
c
a
stin
g
se
rv
ice
s
issu
e
s
w
it
h
e
it
h
e
r
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s
o
r
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s
tec
h
n
iq
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e
s
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h
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n
a
m
e
d
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P
s,
V
iew
e
d
f
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m
it
s
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lt
it
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d
e
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P
s
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lo
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ts
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h
in
th
e
stra
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e
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lay
e
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in
th
e
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o
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o
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e
d
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e
tw
e
e
n
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te
a
n
d
terre
strial
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latf
o
rm
s.
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h
is
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y
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o
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f
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t
o
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e
n
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e
w
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th
e
a
v
a
il
a
b
le
b
ro
a
d
b
a
n
d
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
.
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l
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rt
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it
h
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ti
o
n
f
o
r
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S
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th
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ts
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n
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n
d
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t
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ter
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h
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d
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p
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n
d
in
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o
n
lati
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e
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e
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in
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ll
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c
ti
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n
o
f
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terf
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re
n
c
e
tec
h
n
iq
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e
.
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ey
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d
s
:
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C
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p
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A
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:
R
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a
m
A
laa
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h
n
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Ku
r
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T
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I
n
s
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la
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r
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a
m
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co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
HA
P
i
s
d
ef
i
n
ed
a
s
an
air
s
h
ip
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cr
af
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co
m
m
o
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l
y
p
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s
it
io
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ed
at
2
0
-
25
k
m
altit
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d
e
in
th
e
tr
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s
p
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la
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er
.
T
h
is
altit
u
d
e
m
a
k
es
t
h
e
air
s
h
ip
u
s
ef
u
l
in
w
ir
ele
s
s
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
s
s
y
s
te
m
an
d
p
er
m
i
ts
th
e
d
eli
v
er
y
o
b
v
io
u
s
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
w
h
en
co
m
p
ar
e
it
to
s
atellites
an
d
ter
r
estrial
s
y
s
te
m
.
H
A
P
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
tw
o
w
ir
eless
b
an
d
s
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
n
ar
r
o
w
b
an
d
an
d
b
r
o
a
d
b
an
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
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n
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er
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s
(
in
ter
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et,
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lar
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er
v
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w
i
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b
o
th
t
y
p
es
(
air
s
h
ip
s
a
n
d
air
cr
af
ts
)
[
1
]
.
as
w
ell
as
H
A
P
s
h
as
m
an
y
b
en
e
f
it
s
s
u
c
h
as,
lo
w
p
r
o
p
ag
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n
d
elay
,
ea
s
y
a
n
d
in
cr
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m
e
n
ta
l
d
ep
lo
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en
t,
f
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x
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e
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y
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co
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f
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h
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h
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lev
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les,
b
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s
t/
m
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l
ticast
ca
p
ab
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b
r
o
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d
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to
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o
u
n
d
in
e
m
er
g
e
n
c
y
s
it
u
atio
n
s
[
2
]
.
T
h
e
m
a
in
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
HA
P
S
p
lat
f
o
r
m
s
y
s
te
m
ar
e
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
an
d
av
ailab
lit
y
f
o
r
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
p
a
y
lo
ad
,
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
allo
ca
ti
o
n
,
s
tab
ilit
y
an
d
t
h
e
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
p
latf
o
r
m
,
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
th
a
t
tr
as
m
i
tted
f
r
o
m
H
A
P
S
tr
an
s
v
er
s
,
s
p
ac
e
av
ailab
le
o
n
th
e
p
lat
f
o
r
m
,
p
a
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m
a
s
s
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
,
li
n
k
a
n
d
p
latf
o
r
m
av
ailab
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y
d
u
r
i
n
g
r
ai
n
y
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
t
h
e
clea
r
s
k
y
,
t
h
e
ea
s
e
o
f
r
ef
u
eli
n
g
a
s
w
ell
a
s
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
lo
ca
l
an
d
r
eg
io
n
al
co
v
er
a
g
e
[
3
]
.
B
y
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
H
A
P
S,
ter
r
estrial
an
d
s
atellite
s
y
s
te
m
s
t
h
e
p
latf
o
r
m
p
o
s
itio
n
allo
w
s
th
e
H
A
P
s
-
b
ased
s
y
s
te
m
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
b
etter
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
t
h
a
n
s
atel
lite.
A
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
li
n
e
o
f
s
ig
h
t
(
L
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is
ac
h
ie
v
ab
le
in
al
m
o
s
t
all
th
e
co
v
er
ag
e
ar
ea
(
UA
C
,
SA
C
an
d
R
AC
)
,
h
en
ce
le
s
s
s
h
ad
o
w
in
g
ar
ea
s
t
h
an
ter
r
estrial
s
y
s
te
m
[
2
]
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
HA
P
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
u
c
h
les
s
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
p
o
w
e
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2020:
1
6
9
5
-
1
7
0
0
1696
f
o
r
a
g
i
v
en
q
u
alit
y
o
f
s
er
v
ice
s
(
QOS)
[
4
]
.
E
s
s
en
tiall
y
,
H
A
P
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ca
p
ab
l
y
o
n
ta
s
k
s
t
h
at
ar
e
p
r
esen
tl
y
at
th
i
s
ti
m
e
h
a
n
d
led
u
s
i
n
g
b
o
th
o
f
ter
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estrial
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d
s
atellite
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
B
r
o
ad
ca
s
t
s
er
v
ices
,
wea
th
er
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
,
s
u
r
v
eilla
n
ce
an
d
m
a
n
y
o
th
er
a
p
p
licatio
n
ar
e
u
s
ed
b
y
H
A
P
s
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
[
5
]
.
HA
P
s
y
s
te
m
ar
e
co
m
b
i
n
ed
o
f
p
latf
o
r
m
s
an
d
g
ate
w
a
y
s
,
b
u
t
in
t
h
e
r
ea
l
i
m
p
le
m
i
n
ta
tio
n
th
er
e
is
a
li
m
itat
io
n
in
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
a
m
e
-
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
g
ate
w
a
y
li
n
k
s
[
1
]
.
HA
P
S
n
et
w
o
r
k
(
HA
P
SN
)
a
n
d
its
co
n
n
ec
ti
n
s
w
it
h
FS
S
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
h
as
b
ee
n
a
n
is
s
u
e
in
r
ec
en
t
f
e
w
y
ea
r
s
.
Fu
n
d
a
m
e
n
tall
y
,
H
A
P
S
g
ate
w
a
y
l
in
k
s
ar
e
ch
an
n
elize
d
in
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
a
n
g
e
s
w
h
ic
h
FS
S
li
n
k
s
o
cc
u
p
y
,
cr
ea
tin
g
o
f
s
ev
er
e
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
le
v
els,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
at
h
i
g
h
ar
c
o
f
FS
S
E
ar
th
s
tatio
n
an
g
el
o
f
elev
a
tio
n
[
6
]
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
co
m
p
r
is
es
s
e
v
er
al
s
ec
tio
n
s
s
tar
ted
w
it
h
g
en
er
al
id
ea
ab
o
u
t
H
A
P
S
tech
n
iq
u
e.
W
h
ile
t
h
e
f
o
llo
wed
s
ec
tio
n
d
is
cu
s
s
es
t
h
e
H
A
P
s
s
y
s
te
m
s
s
e
g
m
en
ts
.
Sectio
n
th
r
ee
p
r
esen
t
th
e
ca
p
ar
is
o
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
H
A
P
s
s
y
s
te
m
w
it
h
th
e
o
th
er
ex
is
tin
g
telec
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
i
n
B
ag
h
d
ad
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
f
o
u
r
th
c
h
alle
n
g
e
s
s
ec
tio
n
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
ar
ea
th
e
co
v
er
ed
b
y
H
AP
S
f
i
n
all
y
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
is
ca
lcu
la
ted
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
eq
u
atio
n
to
d
esig
n
n
e
w
te
leco
m
m
u
n
ic
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
to
co
v
er
B
ag
h
d
a
d
city
.
2.
L
E
T
E
RT
UR
E
2
.
1
.
Co
m
po
ne
nt
o
f
ha
ps
co
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n sy
s
t
e
m
s
A
n
e
w
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
H
A
P
s)
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
s
i
s
t
o
f
g
o
u
n
d
s
eg
m
en
t
an
d
atm
o
s
p
h
er
e
s
eg
m
e
n
t
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
s
ec
tio
n
s
o
f
at
m
o
s
p
h
er
e
s
e
g
m
en
t
co
n
s
i
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
p
latf
o
r
m
a
n
d
th
e
o
n
b
o
ar
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
p
ay
lo
ad
.
W
h
er
e
P
latf
o
r
m
,
is
a
f
l
y
i
n
g
a
ir
cr
af
t
co
m
es
i
n
d
i
f
f
e
r
en
t
f
o
r
m
s
tar
ted
w
ith
th
e
ea
r
l
iest
ae
r
ial
p
lat
f
o
r
m
w
er
e
b
allo
o
n
th
e
n
A
ir
s
h
ip
H
A
P
s
,
A
ir
p
lan
e
H
A
P
s
an
d
U
A
V
(
U
n
m
an
n
ed
A
er
ial
Ve
h
i
cle)
f
o
r
ce
f
u
l
cir
cle.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
eg
m
e
n
t
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
en
er
g
y
s
u
p
p
l
y
it
c
h
o
s
en
f
r
o
m
o
f
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
is
s
o
lar
p
o
w
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
o
f
HA
P
S
ar
e
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
lar
g
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
s
w
h
ic
h
is
u
s
e
f
u
l
f
o
r
lin
in
g
s
o
lar
p
an
els
[
7
]
.
O
n
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
p
a
y
lo
ad
w
h
ich
i
s
th
e
th
ir
d
p
ar
t
is
co
n
s
is
t o
f
p
h
ased
ar
r
ay
an
te
n
n
as
tr
an
s
m
it
o
r
a
r
ef
lecto
r
o
f
m
u
lti
b
ea
m
li
g
h
t
-
W
i
g
h
t
w
it
h
g
o
r
u
n
d
s
tatio
n
f
o
r
s
w
it
h
ch
i
n
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
s
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l
r
ec
eiv
i
n
g
,
s
w
itc
h
in
g
,
m
u
ltip
le
x
i
n
g
,
an
d
tr
an
s
m
itt
in
g
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
ar
e
co
n
tr
o
ls
b
y
lar
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
ass
o
cia
ted
w
ith
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
w
itc
h
in
g
s
tatio
n
[
8
]
.
An
te
n
n
a
s
u
b
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
a
in
s
ec
t
io
n
s
o
f
a
H
A
P
S
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
s
p
a
y
lo
ad
,
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
r
eu
s
e
f
ac
to
r
an
d
m
u
lt
ip
le
ac
ce
s
s
,
th
e
H
A
P
S
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
is
cr
itical
to
co
-
ch
a
n
n
el
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
[
9
]
.
2
.
2
.
Adv
a
nt
a
g
es o
f
ha
ps
o
v
e
r
ex
is
t
ing
t
er
re
s
t
ria
l a
nd
s
a
t
ellit
e
t
ec
hn
o
lo
g
ies
T
h
e
n
e
w
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
o
f
H
A
P
s
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
s
er
v
ices
f
r
o
m
w
i
ll
lead
to
m
an
y
p
o
s
s
ib
le
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
HA
P
s
o
f
f
er
ex
tr
a
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
ti
cs
th
an
ter
r
estrial
an
d
/o
r
s
atell
ite
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
do
[
1
0
,
7]
.
T
h
e
o
n
e
o
f
d
r
aw
b
ac
k
o
f
ter
r
estrial
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
t
h
e
l
o
n
g
-
r
an
g
e
ter
r
estrial
li
n
k
s
ar
e
s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
a
f
f
ec
ted
b
y
r
ain
atten
u
atio
n
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
h
ig
h
co
v
er
a
g
e
ar
ea
w
h
ile
t
h
e
n
e
w
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
o
f
h
ig
h
-
al
titu
d
e
p
latf
o
r
m
co
m
m
u
n
icati
o
n
s
y
s
te
m
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
lar
g
e
co
v
er
a
g
e
ar
ea
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
ter
r
estrial
s
y
s
te
m
w
i
th
b
etter
p
ath
-
lo
s
s
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
t
ics
i
n
all
w
ea
th
er
f
l
u
ctu
a
tio
n
s
.
Ot
h
er
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
th
at
o
f
f
er
ed
b
y
H
A
P
s
is
t
h
e
C
o
s
t
o
f
d
ep
lo
y
i
n
g
H
A
P
s
p
latf
o
r
m
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
ch
ea
p
er
th
an
s
atelli
tes
s
tatio
n
s
an
d
ter
r
estrial
(
w
i
th
i
n
th
e
s
i
m
ilar
co
v
er
ag
e
s
p
ac
e
)
,
I
n
o
n
e
h
an
d
th
e
s
atellite
s
y
s
te
m
is
ta
k
e
h
ig
h
b
u
d
g
e
t
in
in
s
tal
latio
n
a
n
d
lu
n
c
h
in
g
w
h
ile
th
e
ter
r
estrial
t
h
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
o
f
it
s
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
y
s
te
m
is
e
x
p
en
s
i
v
e
[
1
1
]
.
I
n
th
e
o
t
h
er
h
a
n
d
H
A
P
s
h
as
m
o
r
e
ad
v
an
tag
e
in
p
r
o
p
ag
ati
o
n
d
ela
y
a
s
s
o
ciate
to
s
atellites
s
y
s
te
m
[
1
2
]
.
A
n
d
it
co
n
s
id
er
s
id
ea
l
f
o
r
m
u
l
ti
m
e
d
ia
s
er
v
ices,
m
u
l
ti
-
ca
s
t,
a
n
d
b
r
o
ad
ca
s
t.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
d
u
e
to
I
T
U
-
R
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
th
e
f
ac
to
r
o
f
elev
atio
n
an
g
le
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
h
ig
h
to
o
f
f
er
clea
r
lin
e
o
f
s
ig
h
t
s
ig
n
al
p
ath
s
an
d
lo
w
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
d
e
la
y
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
co
m
b
in
a
tio
n
s
o
f
th
e
g
ai
n
s
o
f
b
o
th
co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
atell
ite
an
d
ter
r
estrial
a
n
d
av
o
id
al
l
t
h
e
d
r
a
w
b
c
k
s
o
f
b
o
t
h
o
f
th
e
m
th
at
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
alti
tu
d
e
p
latf
o
r
m
s
(
H
A
P
s
)
is
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
as
a
u
n
iq
u
e
alt
er
n
ativ
e
i
n
w
ir
eless
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
[
1
1
,
13]
.
Du
e
to
all
b
en
ef
its
t
h
at
o
f
f
er
ed
b
y
a
n
e
w
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
/teleco
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
(
H
AP
s
)
as
a
p
r
o
m
is
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
th
at
an
ef
f
ec
t
iv
e
b
alan
ce
to
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
.
2
.
3
.
H
a
ps
net
w
o
rk
a
rc
hite
ct
ure
Hig
h
ca
p
ac
it
y
b
r
o
ad
b
an
d
telec
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
et
w
o
r
k
n
ee
d
a
p
o
w
er
f
u
l
n
et
w
o
r
k
in
f
r
astru
ct
u
r
e
th
at
’
s
co
m
e
w
h
er
e
t
h
r
ee
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
in
c
o
r
p
o
r
ate
to
g
eth
er
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
t
h
e
w
ea
k
n
ess
o
f
ea
ch
o
th
er
[
1
2
]
.
H
ig
h
ca
p
ac
it
y
b
r
o
ad
b
an
d
th
at
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
th
e
e
x
it
w
ir
eles
s
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
HA
P
s
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
ca
r
r
y
i
n
g
h
ig
h
ca
p
ac
it
y
d
eliv
er
y
o
f
b
r
o
ad
b
an
d
s
er
v
ice
s
to
e
n
d
u
s
er
s
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
of
h
i
g
h
-
le
v
el
H
A
P
S
te
leco
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
co
n
s
i
s
t
of
t
w
o
li
n
k
s
b
et
w
ee
n
p
a
y
lo
ad
an
d
g
r
o
u
n
d
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t:
F
ir
s
t
o
n
e
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
a
g
ate
w
a
y
li
n
k
w
h
ic
h
is
a
r
ad
io
lin
k
p
lace
d
b
et
w
e
en
H
A
P
S
g
ate
w
a
y
s
tatio
n
o
n
t
h
e
ea
r
t
h
an
d
H
A
P
s
p
latf
o
r
m
a
ir
cr
af
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
o
th
e
r
t
y
p
e
is
u
s
er
li
n
k
w
h
ic
h
i
s
t
h
e
lin
k
s
its
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
H
A
P
s
at
m
o
s
p
h
er
e
s
eg
m
e
n
t
an
d
th
e
u
s
er
ter
m
in
a
ls
o
n
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
nd
s
eg
m
e
n
t
.
T
h
r
ee
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ed
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
ar
e
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
H
A
P
S
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
[
1
5
]
,
s
tan
d
-
alo
n
e
H
A
P
s
y
s
te
m
w
h
ic
h
u
s
e
a
f
ib
er
o
p
tic
n
et
w
o
r
k
o
r
s
atellite
a
s
a
b
ac
k
b
o
n
e
lin
k
o
n
t
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
li
k
e
w
ea
th
er
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
,
a
n
d
d
is
aster
s
u
r
v
eil
lan
ce
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
ated
ter
r
estrial
-
H
A
P
-
ter
r
estrial
s
y
s
te
m
:
t
h
is
t
y
p
e
o
f
HA
P
n
et
w
o
r
k
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
to
en
co
u
r
ag
e
a
h
i
g
h
q
u
ali
t
y
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ter
r
estrial
-
H
A
P
-
s
atell
ite
s
y
s
te
m
is
co
n
s
id
er
d
as
a
last
ca
teg
o
r
y
th
at
ca
n
en
co
u
r
a
g
e
a
h
ig
h
(
Qo
F)
q
u
alit
y
o
f
s
er
v
ice
b
y
ta
k
i
n
g
th
e
b
en
e
f
i
t
s
o
f
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t f
ea
t
u
r
es o
f
b
o
th
H
A
P
s
an
d
s
atel
lite c
o
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
[
4
]
.
2
.
4
.
H
a
ps
s
pect
ru
m
a
llo
ca
t
io
n
B
y
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
i
m
ilar
o
r
n
ei
g
h
b
o
r
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
b
an
d
s
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
H
A
P
s
s
y
s
te
m
s
o
n
t
h
e
ap
p
o
r
tio
n
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
tr
ict
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
a
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
an
d
s
an
d
n
o
n
-
i
n
ter
f
er
en
ce
[
1
6
]
.
O
n
e
o
f
th
e
in
f
l
u
e
n
tial
p
ar
am
eter
th
a
t
h
as
a
b
ig
r
o
le
to
av
o
id
th
e
in
t
er
f
ef
er
e
n
ce
t
h
e
H
A
P
s
s
ig
n
al
s
w
it
h
t
h
e
o
th
er
e
x
is
tin
g
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
an
d
telec
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
is
th
e
u
s
i
n
g
e
x
ac
t
a
n
d
ac
cu
r
ate
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
I
n
ter
f
er
en
ce
m
it
ig
at
io
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
th
at
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
ed
b
y
I
T
U
-
R
ar
e
i
n
v
o
l
v
ed
to
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
w
o
u
ld
b
e
s
h
ar
i
n
g
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
HA
P
S
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
Nar
r
o
w
b
an
d
an
d
b
r
o
a
d
b
an
d
s
e
r
v
ices
[
1
7
]
.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
w
e
as
s
u
m
e
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
b
a
n
d
f
o
r
al
l
s
er
v
ices
ar
e
s
a
m
e.
2
.
5
.
H
a
ps
co
v
er
a
g
e
I
n
Dep
en
d
in
g
o
n
elev
at
io
n
an
g
le
an
d
th
e
alti
tu
d
e
o
f
p
latf
o
r
m
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
co
v
er
a
g
e
ar
ea
o
f
HA
P
S,
d
u
e
to
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
y
o
n
e
H
A
P
S
h
a
s
th
e
ab
l
ilit
y
o
f
d
eli
v
e
r
in
g
ab
o
u
t
4
0
0
k
m
r
ad
iu
s
o
f
g
r
o
u
n
d
ar
ea
w
h
ich
i
s
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
2
5
8
to
w
er
o
f
g
r
o
u
n
d
ter
r
estrial
co
v
er
ag
e
[
1
8
]
.
B
y
r
esear
c
h
d
o
n
e
i
n
2
0
1
7
th
e
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
s
i
n
g
le
HA
P
S
i
s
p
r
ef
er
ab
le
t
h
an
u
s
i
n
g
m
u
ltip
le
H
A
P
S
s
y
s
te
m
b
ec
au
s
e
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
o
n
e
H
A
P
S
i
n
o
v
er
lap
p
ed
r
eg
io
n
ex
p
er
ien
ce
i
n
ter
f
er
en
ce
f
r
o
m
u
s
er
s
[
1
9
]
.
Fu
r
th
er
o
n
t
h
e
t
y
p
e
o
f
a
n
ten
n
a
lik
e
a
m
u
lti
b
ea
m
a
n
te
n
n
a
u
s
ed
b
y
s
in
g
le
H
A
P
s
w
it
h
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
an
d
ac
c
u
r
ate
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
r
e
u
s
e
ef
f
ic
ien
c
y
ai
m
ed
to
co
v
e
r
m
a
n
y
s
u
b
s
cr
ib
e
r
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
[
2
0
]
.
T
o
g
et
b
etter
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
1
7
-
2
5
k
m
a
ltit
u
d
es
o
f
H
A
P
S
is
o
p
er
at
in
g
in
th
e
s
tr
ato
s
p
h
er
e
as
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
ed
in
I
T
U
-
R
,
th
i
s
altitu
d
e
o
f
H
A
P
s
let
th
e
HA
P
s
-
b
ased
s
y
s
te
m
to
p
r
esen
t
b
etter
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
ab
le
1
clar
if
y
th
at
t
h
e
b
est
altitu
d
e
o
f
HA
P
s
is
2
2
k
m
w
h
ic
h
i
s
th
e
p
r
ef
er
ab
le
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
HAP
s
co
v
er
ag
e
w
h
er
e
th
e
r
elatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
ele
v
atio
n
an
d
th
e
co
v
er
ag
e
d
ia
m
eter
.
A
lt
h
o
u
g
h
ad
d
itio
n
al
id
en
ti
f
i
ca
tio
n
o
f
H
A
P
s
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
b
an
d
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ass
i
g
n
ed
at
2
8
GH
z
an
d
3
1
GHz
,
th
e
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ic
ar
e
d
ef
in
ed
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
b
etw
ee
n
th
o
s
e
t
w
o
f
r
eq
u
i
n
cies
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
ev
en
th
o
u
g
h
i
n
th
e
n
e
x
t
W
R
C
-
1
9
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ad
d
itio
n
al
g
lo
b
al
HA
P
s
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
ca
n
d
id
ates,
an
d
o
t
h
er
s
er
v
ices
(
m
o
b
ile
an
d
s
atellite
s
er
v
ice
s
)
h
av
e
b
ee
n
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
w
ith
in
th
e
s
a
m
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
r
an
g
es
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
o
th
er
f
ac
to
r
th
at
af
f
ec
ted
o
n
co
v
er
ag
e
ar
ea
o
f
HA
P
S
an
d
th
e
s
p
o
t
b
ea
m
s
w
it
h
i
n
li
m
ited
ar
ea
is
th
e
an
ten
n
a
ar
r
a
y
w
h
ic
h
p
r
ep
ar
e
d
to
co
o
r
d
in
ate
th
e
d
esire
f
o
r
ca
p
ac
ity
w
it
h
i
n
an
y
p
ar
ticu
lar
co
v
er
ag
e
ar
ea
[
1
5
]
.
I
n
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
w
e
u
s
e
HA
P
S
s
y
s
te
m
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
er
v
ices
to
r
eg
io
n
ex
ten
d
in
g
f
o
r
m
o
b
ile
ce
ll
p
h
o
n
e
co
v
er
ag
e
o
r
s
tead
y
w
ir
ele
s
s
f
r
o
m
(
U
A)
u
r
b
an
ar
ea
w
i
th
h
ig
h
d
en
s
it
y
to
(
R
A
)
r
u
r
al
ar
ea
s
w
i
th
lo
w
d
en
s
it
y
[
2
1
]
.
As
o
n
ex
is
i
t
ter
r
estrial
s
y
s
te
m
th
e
u
s
er
ter
m
i
n
al
o
f
H
A
P
s
w
i
ll
b
e
p
r
o
p
s
ed
to
s
h
ar
e
th
e
s
i
m
i
lar
r
ad
io
in
ter
f
ac
e,
th
u
s
a
s
in
g
le
h
a
n
d
s
et
w
i
ll
d
r
iv
e
w
it
h
t
w
o
t
y
p
es
o
f
to
w
er
s
w
h
i
ch
ar
e
th
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
ter
r
estrial
to
w
er
s
an
d
HA
P
S.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
th
is
w
ill s
u
p
p
o
r
t
w
o
r
ld
w
id
e
r
o
a
m
i
n
g
a
n
d
r
eg
io
n
al
w
it
h
a
u
n
iq
u
e
h
a
n
d
s
et.
T
ab
le
1
.
Min
i
m
u
m
ele
v
atio
n
,
co
v
er
ag
e
an
d
m
ax
i
m
u
m
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
d
is
ta
n
c
[
2
2
]
M
i
n
i
m
u
m
e
l
e
v
a
t
i
o
n
(
°
)
D
i
a
me
t
e
r
o
f
c
o
v
e
r
a
g
e
(
K
m
)
M
a
x
i
m
u
m
c
o
mm
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
(
K
m)
0
1
0
5
6
5
2
9
2
7
0
2
3
5
2
5
4
2
0
2
1
2
10
3
3
6
1
2
0
15
1
6
0
83
30
30
44
3.
RE
SU
L
T
3
.
1
.
L
o
c
a
t
io
n
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
B
ag
h
d
ad
Ma
p
,
an
d
af
ter
s
t
u
d
y
i
n
g
ar
ea
.
T
h
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
co
v
er
ag
e
ar
ea
lo
ca
tio
n
's
co
o
r
d
in
at
es
o
f
H
A
P
S
w
ill
b
e
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
lat.
:
3
3
.
3
1
9
1
°
N,
lo
n
g
:
4
4
.
3
9
2
0
°
E
)
.
A
lt
itu
d
e
o
f
H
A
P
S:
as
it’s
k
n
o
w
n
,
th
e
r
a
n
g
h
ei
g
h
t
o
f
H
A
P
s
p
latf
o
r
m
i
s
b
et
w
ee
n
1
7
k
m
an
d
2
2
k
m
.
So
,
w
e
w
ill
b
e
s
u
p
p
o
s
ed
to
p
u
t
th
e
s
tat
io
n
o
n
a
n
altit
u
d
e
o
f
2
1
k
m
a
s
clar
if
y
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
.
3
.
2
.
F
o
o
t
print
T
h
e
w
h
o
le
ar
ea
o
f
B
ag
h
d
ad
w
h
o
s
e
esti
m
ated
to
(
2
0
4
.
2
k
m
²
)
as sh
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
an
d
w
it
h
th
e
tak
i
n
g
in
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
th
e
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ical
ter
r
ain
w
h
ic
h
is
ch
ar
ac
te
r
ized
as
a
p
lain
lan
d
an
d
h
ig
h
p
o
p
u
latio
n
d
en
s
it
y
d
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e
to
it
’
s
a
cit
y
ca
p
ital
o
f
I
r
aq
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
in
th
e
co
n
d
iti
o
n
o
f
r
ain
f
al
l
is
ab
o
u
t
(
0
.
0
4
in
)
in
s
u
m
m
er
s
ea
s
o
n
w
h
ile
in
w
i
n
ter
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
ap
p
r
o
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im
a
tel
y
(
5
.
9
1
in
)
all
th
o
s
e
f
ac
to
r
s
h
as
af
f
ec
ted
in
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
an
d
q
u
alit
y
o
f
s
i
g
n
als o
f
t
h
e
H
A
P
s
.
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Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
ag
h
d
ad
m
ap
3
.
3
.
E
lev
a
t
i
o
n
a
ng
le
C
an
b
e
f
o
r
f
ir
s
t
b
ase
s
tatio
n
is
3
3
,
an
d
f
o
r
s
ec
o
n
d
b
ase
s
tatio
n
is
5
4
.
Dis
tan
ce
:
b
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
elev
atio
n
a
n
g
les
w
e
ca
n
ca
lcu
l
ate
th
e
d
is
ta
n
ce
f
r
o
m
:
=
(
)
=
(
)
=
.
=
(
)
=
(
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=
.
in
t
h
is
a
s
s
i
g
n
m
en
t
w
e
as
s
u
m
e
th
at
all
s
er
v
ice
s
(
FS
S
a
n
d
FS
)
h
av
e
s
a
m
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
A
l
s
o
,
w
e
ass
u
m
e
th
e
p
lace
o
f
f
ir
s
t FS
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
ta
tio
n
at:
L
a
t
it
ud
e
: 3
3
.
1
8
9
N
L
o
ng
it
ud
e:
4
3
.
9
3
5
E
An
d
f
o
r
s
ec
o
n
d
FS
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
tat
io
n
is
:
L
a
t
it
ud
e
:3
3
.
3
1
9
N
L
o
ng
it
ud
e
: 4
3
.
8
3
5
E
An
d
f
o
r
FS
S
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
tatio
n
i
s
:
L
a
t
it
ud
e
: 3
3
.
4
8
9
N
L
o
ng
it
ud
e
: 4
3
.
9
4
5
E
Dep
en
d
in
g
o
n
t
h
at
an
d
w
e
as
s
u
m
e
t
h
e
H
A
P
S
w
il
l p
la
y
at
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
B
ag
h
d
ad
at:
L
a
t
it
ud
e
:3
3
.
3
1
9
N
L
o
ng
it
ud
e
:4
4
.
3
9
2
E
W
e
d
ec
id
e
to
p
u
t H
A
P
S g
r
o
u
n
d
s
tatio
n
s
at:
L
atit
u
d
e
:3
3
.
3
1
9
N
L
o
n
g
it
u
d
e:4
4
.
4
5
9
E
A
t (
ϴ=
5
4
d
eg
r
ee
)
L
atit
u
d
e
:3
3
.
3
1
9
N
L
o
n
g
it
u
d
e:4
4
.
5
4
9
E
A
t (
ϴ=
3
3
d
eg
r
ee
)
I
n
b
ased
o
n
d
es
ig
n
,
e
n
o
u
g
h
d
is
tan
ce
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e
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ar
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in
g
to
t
h
e
to
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al
ar
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o
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t
h
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B
ag
h
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ad
cit
y
th
e
n
al
s
o
th
e
e
n
o
u
g
h
d
i
s
tan
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
FS
an
d
FS
S,
a
n
d
m
y
s
ce
n
ar
io
o
f
th
a
t
li
k
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2.
Dep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
i
s
d
esig
n
w
e
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
s
b
et
w
ee
n
H
A
P
S
s
y
s
te
m
an
d
o
th
er
s
er
v
ice
s
.
B
y
u
s
in
g
d
if
f
er
en
t
e
lev
atio
n
an
g
le,
t
h
e
w
o
r
s
t
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
o
cc
u
r
e
w
h
en
H
A
P
s
’
s
elev
a
tio
n
an
g
le
to
w
ar
d
FW
A
s
ta
tio
n
is
eq
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iv
ale
n
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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Mea
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n
an
g
le
f
r
o
m
H
A
P
S
to
H
A
P
GS
[
2
3
]
.
B
y
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s
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
iti
g
atio
n
tec
h
n
iq
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w
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h
I
T
U
-
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th
e
m
in
i
m
iz
in
g
t
h
e
in
ter
f
er
en
c
e
b
et
w
ee
n
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A
P
S a
n
d
o
th
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
is
b
y
:
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n
cr
ea
s
in
g
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
o
p
er
atio
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al
ele
v
atio
n
a
n
g
le:
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h
e
an
g
le
lo
ca
ted
b
et
w
ee
n
FS
a
n
d
HA
P
s
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
tatio
n
in
d
e
n
ti
f
y
as
a
elev
at
i
o
n
an
g
el
[
2
4
]
,
in
t
h
i
s
s
tu
d
y
w
e
a
lr
ea
d
y
u
s
e
f
i
x
ed
t
w
o
el
ev
atio
n
an
g
le
(
3
3
d
eg
r
ee
an
d
5
4
d
eg
r
ee
)
,
th
e
r
ef
o
r
e
w
e
d
id
n
o
t f
o
llo
w
t
h
is
t
y
p
e
o
f
m
i
tig
a
tio
n
.
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
s
o
f
a
n
te
n
n
as.
T
h
is
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
is
g
iv
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s
m
all
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m
o
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n
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o
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ter
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e
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d
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to
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le
o
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te
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n
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g
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in
to
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a
n
d
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ilize
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tical
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p
atter
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e
s
m
all
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t
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er
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ai
n
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s
e
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n
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er
o
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co
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er
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s
m
all
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in
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tead
o
f
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o
n
ar
r
o
w
er
b
ea
m
w
id
t
h
[
2
5
]
.
D
y
n
a
m
ic
c
h
an
n
el
as
s
ig
n
m
e
n
t
,
th
is
t
y
p
e
o
f
tech
n
iq
u
e
u
s
e
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e
lf
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co
n
tr
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lled
m
a
n
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er
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n
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
s
ti
m
u
la
te
o
n
a
d
e
m
an
d
-
a
s
s
i
g
n
m
e
n
t
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
w
h
ic
h
is
e
f
f
icie
n
t
f
o
r
s
h
ar
in
g
w
it
h
o
th
er
s
er
v
ices
[
1
4
]
.
Au
to
m
a
tic
tr
a
n
s
m
itt
in
g
p
o
w
er
co
n
tr
o
l
(
A
T
P
C
)
:
T
h
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
A
T
P
C
s
c
h
e
m
e
is
to
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
w
er
an
d
r
ec
eiv
in
g
p
o
w
er
i
n
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
th
e
w
ea
th
er
s
it
u
atio
n
,
t
h
e
A
T
P
C
am
p
li
f
y
th
e
p
o
w
er
in
a
r
ain
co
n
d
itio
n
an
d
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
th
e
p
o
w
er
d
u
r
i
n
g
clea
r
s
k
y
s
it
u
atio
n
[
1
1
,
18]
.
Sh
ield
i
n
g
ef
f
ec
t
b
y
H
A
P
S
air
s
h
ip
en
v
elo
p
e
:
T
h
e
m
e
tal
co
ati
n
g
o
f
H
A
P
S
a
ir
s
h
ip
en
v
elo
p
h
as
b
e
af
f
ec
t
to
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
s
o
f
an
te
n
n
a
s
b
ac
k
-
lo
b
e
an
d
s
id
e
-
lo
b
e
b
ea
m
o
n
b
o
ar
d
t
h
e
HA
P
S
air
s
h
ip
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
I
n
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
s
atell
ite
s
p
ac
e
s
eg
m
e
n
t
an
d
H
A
P
S a
ir
s
h
ip
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
[
5
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Scen
ar
io
o
f
I
n
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
s
it
u
atio
n
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
H
A
P
S,
FS
S,
FS
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
I
n
th
is
w
o
r
k
,
w
e
tr
ied
to
d
esig
n
o
f
n
ar
r
o
w
b
an
d
an
d
b
r
o
a
d
b
an
d
o
f
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
er
v
ices
f
o
r
B
ag
h
d
ad
cit
y
b
y
r
elea
s
e
o
n
e
H
A
P
s
P
latf
o
r
m
co
n
n
ec
ti
n
g
w
it
h
t
w
o
ea
r
t
h
s
ta
tio
n
s
to
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ical
ar
ea
is
s
m
o
o
th
w
it
h
s
o
m
e
h
e
ig
h
ts
.
T
h
e
w
ea
t
h
er
i
s
al
w
a
y
s
clea
r
,
d
u
e
to
t
h
o
s
e
c
h
ar
ec
te
r
s
tics
t
h
e
e
x
p
ec
ted
av
ailab
ilit
y
w
ill
b
e
9
9
.
9
9
%,
an
d
th
i
s
n
et
w
o
r
k
w
ill
co
v
er
s
p
ec
if
ic
ar
ea
o
f
B
ag
h
d
ad
city
an
d
s
er
v
ices
li
k
e
ter
r
estrial
an
d
s
atell
ite
it
i
s
alr
ea
d
y
e
x
is
tin
g
t
h
er
e
b
u
t
with
lo
w
er
co
s
t,
b
etter
p
ath
-
l
o
s
s
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
,
an
d
m
in
i
m
u
m
p
r
o
p
ag
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n
d
el
a
y
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
altitu
d
e,
th
er
ef
o
r
e
b
y
p
u
tti
n
g
H
A
P
S
th
at
ca
u
s
e
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
,
th
is
p
ap
er
,
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
w
a
y
s
to
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
th
e
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
e
s
p
ec
iall
y
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
s
u
itab
le
t
y
p
e
o
f
an
te
n
n
a
r
ad
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n
p
atter
n
an
d
o
th
e
r
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
e
m
iti
g
atio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
th
at
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
ch
o
s
en
ar
ea
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
D.
G
ra
c
e
,
M
.
H.
Ca
p
stick
,
M
.
M
o
h
o
rc
ic,
J.
Ho
rw
a
th
,
M
.
B.
P
a
l
lav
icin
i,
a
n
d
M
.
F
it
c
h
,
“
In
teg
ra
ti
n
g
u
se
rs
in
t
o
t
h
e
w
id
e
r
b
ro
a
d
b
a
n
d
n
e
tw
o
rk
v
ia h
ig
h
a
lt
it
u
d
e
p
latf
o
rm
s,”
IEE
E
W
ire
l.
Co
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
9
8
-
1
0
5
,
2
0
0
5
.
[2
]
K.
R.
T
a
riq
,
M
.
B.
M
a
jed
,
a
n
d
Z.
A
.
Ha
m
id
,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
to
Co
v
e
r
S
p
e
c
if
ic
A
re
a
b
y
Us
in
g
HA
P
S
,
”
u
n
ive
sity Hu
m.
De
v
.
,
no
.
A
p
ril
,
p
p
.
3
6
1
-
3
5
7
,
2
0
1
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
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K
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,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
2020:
1
6
9
5
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1
7
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1700
[3
]
Itu
-
r,
“
S
p
e
c
tru
m
n
e
e
d
s
o
f
h
ig
h
-
a
lt
it
u
d
e
p
latf
o
rm
sta
ti
o
n
s
b
ro
a
d
b
a
n
d
li
n
k
s
o
p
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ra
ti
n
g
in
t
h
e
f
ix
e
d
se
rv
ic
e
F
S
e
ries
F
ix
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d
se
rv
ice
,
”
In
ter
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ti
o
n
a
l
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Un
i
o
n
,
2
0
1
8
.
[4
]
J.
L
.
Cu
e
v
a
s
-
Ru
iz,
A
.
A
ra
g
ó
n
-
Zav
a
la,
a
n
d
B.
Ba
u
ti
sta
-
L
e
ó
n
,
“
Co
-
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
i
n
terf
e
re
n
c
e
f
o
r
terre
st
rial
a
n
d
HA
P
S
s
y
ste
m
s in
a
c
e
ll
u
lar stru
c
t
u
re
,
”
C
ER
M
A
2
0
0
9
-
El
e
c
tro
n
.
Ro
b
o
t
.
A
u
t
o
mo
t.
M
e
c
h
.
C
o
n
f.
,
p
p
.
5
0
-
5
4
,
2
0
0
9
.
[5
]
Z.
Ya
n
g
a
n
d
A
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
“
W
irele
ss
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
f
ro
m
h
ig
h
a
lt
it
u
d
e
p
latf
o
rm
s:
A
p
p
li
c
a
t
io
n
s,
d
e
p
lo
y
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t,
”
In
t.
Co
n
f.
Co
mm
u
n
.
T
e
c
h
n
o
l.
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s,
IC
CT
,
p
p
.
1
4
7
6
-
1
4
7
9
,
2
0
1
0
.
[6
]
S
.
Ka
ra
p
a
n
taz
is
a
n
d
F
.
N.
P
a
v
li
d
o
u
,
“
Bro
a
d
b
a
n
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
v
ia
h
ig
h
-
a
lt
it
u
d
e
p
latf
o
rm
s:
A
su
rv
e
y
,
”
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
.
S
u
rv
.
T
u
t
o
ria
ls,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
2
-
3
1
,
2
0
0
5
.
[7
]
A
.
Ay
o
o
la
a
n
d
O.
Ola
d
ip
o
,
“
S
trat
o
s
p
h
e
ric
P
ro
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
HA
P
s
Ch
a
n
n
e
l
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
,
”
T
h
is
th
e
sis
is
p
re
se
n
ted
a
s
p
a
rt
o
f
th
e
De
g
re
e
o
f
M
a
ste
r
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
e
m
p
h
a
sis
o
n
T
e
l
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s/
S
ig
n
a
l
P
r
o
c
e
ss
in
g
,
2
0
0
7
.
[
On
l
in
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:/
/w
ww
.
d
iv
a
-
p
o
rtal.
o
rg
/sm
a
sh
/
g
e
t/
d
iv
a
2
:8
3
3
4
5
7
/F
UL
L
T
E
X
T
0
1
.
p
d
f
[8
]
D.
A
v
a
g
n
in
a
,
F
.
Do
v
is,
A
.
G
h
ig
li
o
n
e
,
a
n
d
P
.
M
u
las
sa
n
o
,
“
W
irele
ss
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
b
a
se
d
o
n
h
ig
h
-
a
l
ti
tu
d
e
p
latf
o
rm
s
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
v
isio
n
o
f
in
teg
ra
ted
n
a
v
ig
a
ti
o
n
/co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
se
rv
ice
s,”
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
.
M
a
g
.
,
v
o
l.
4
0
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
1
9
-
1
2
5
,
2
0
0
2
.
[9
]
Isk
a
n
d
a
r
a
n
d
A
.
M
a
n
a
o
r,
“
In
terf
e
r
e
n
c
e
a
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
b
o
rd
e
r
a
re
a
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
:
H
A
P
S
a
n
d
G
EO
sa
telli
te
in
EX
T
-
C
b
a
n
d
,
”
Pro
c
.
-
ICW
T
2
0
1
7
3
r
d
In
t
.
Co
n
f.
W
ire
l.
T
e
lem
a
t.
2
0
1
7
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
1
7
-
J
u
ly
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
1
1
8
-
1
2
2
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
0
]
T
.
C.
T
o
z
e
r
a
n
d
D.
G
ra
c
e
,
“
H
ig
h
-
a
lt
it
u
d
e
p
latf
o
rm
s
f
o
r
w
irele
ss
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
”
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
&
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
J
o
u
rn
a
l
,
v
o
l.
1
3
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
2
7
-
1
3
7
,
2
0
0
1
.
[1
1
]
A
.
As
a
d
i,
Q.
W
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
V.
M
a
n
c
u
so
,
“
A
su
rv
e
y
o
n
d
e
v
ice
-
to
-
d
e
v
ice
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
i
n
c
e
ll
u
lar
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,”
IEE
E
Co
mm
u
n
.
S
u
rv
.
T
u
t
o
ria
l
s,
v
o
l.
1
6
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
8
0
1
-
1
8
1
9
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
2
]
IT
U,
“
In
terf
e
r
e
n
c
e
m
it
ig
a
ti
o
n
t
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
f
o
r
u
se
b
y
h
ig
h
a
lt
i
tu
d
e
p
latf
o
rm
sta
ti
o
n
s
i
n
t
h
e
2
7
.
5
-
2
8
.
3
5
G
Hz
a
n
d
3
1
.
0
-
3
1
.
3
G
Hz
b
a
n
d
s,”
IT
U
,
G
e
n
e
v
a
,
p
.
0
2
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
3
]
N.
A
.
M
o
h
d
A
ris,
L
.
L
u
in
i,
J.
Din
,
a
n
d
H.
Y.
L
a
m
,
“
1
-
m
in
u
te
in
teg
ra
ted
ra
in
ra
te
sta
ti
stics
e
sti
m
a
te
d
f
ro
m
T
ro
p
ica
l
Ra
in
f
a
ll
M
e
a
su
rin
g
M
issio
n
d
a
ta,
”
IEE
E
An
ten
n
a
s W
ire
l.
Pro
p
a
g
.
L
e
tt
.
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
3
2
-
1
3
5
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
4
]
A
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
a
n
d
Z.
Ya
n
g
,
“
Bro
a
d
b
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
f
ro
m
Hi
g
h
A
lt
it
u
d
e
P
latf
o
rm
s,”
In
t.
J
.
Rec
e
n
t
T
re
n
d
s
En
g
.
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
2
3
9
-
2
4
3
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
5
]
IT
U,
“
P
re
f
e
rr
e
d
c
h
a
ra
c
teristics
o
f
s
y
ste
m
s
in
th
e
f
ix
e
d
se
rv
ic
e
u
sin
g
h
ig
h
a
lt
it
u
d
e
p
latf
o
rm
s
o
p
e
ra
ti
n
g
in
th
e
b
a
n
d
s
4
7
.
2
-
4
7
.
5
G
Hz
a
n
d
4
7
.
9
-
4
8
.
2
G
Hz
.
,
”
IT
U
-
R
,
G
e
n
e
v
a
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
6
]
N.
S
.
Ra
jp
u
t,
“
I
n
terf
e
re
n
c
e
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t
b
e
tw
e
e
n
Hig
h
A
lt
it
u
d
e
P
latf
o
rm
S
tatio
n
a
n
d
F
ix
e
d
W
irele
ss
A
c
c
e
ss
S
tatio
n
s
,
”
In
t.
J
.
E
n
g
.
Res
.
Ap
p
l.
,
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
5
0
8
-
1
5
1
3
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
7
]
TATT
(
T
e
lec
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
A
u
th
o
rit
y
o
f
T
rin
id
a
d
a
n
d
T
o
b
a
g
o
),
“
S
p
e
c
tru
m
P
lan
f
o
r
th
e
A
c
c
o
m
m
o
d
a
ti
o
n
o
f
P
u
b
li
c
M
o
b
i
le T
e
lec
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s S
e
rv
ice
s,”
n
o
.
Ju
ly
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
8
]
N.
A
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
,
O.
A
.
A
n
g
le,
a
n
d
E.
A
n
g
le,
“
M
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
Co
e
x
isten
c
e
o
f
Hig
h
A
lt
it
u
d
e
P
l
a
tf
o
r
m
G
ro
u
n
d
S
tatio
n
s
a
n
d
Ra
d
io
Re
lay
S
tatio
n
s
w
it
h
Re
d
u
c
e
d
In
terf
e
re
n
c
e
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
c
ien
ti
f
ic
&
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
-
7
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
9
]
Isk
a
n
d
a
r,
S
.
G
ra
tsia,
a
n
d
M
.
E.
Er
n
a
w
a
n
,
“
L
T
E
u
p
li
n
k
c
e
ll
u
lar
c
a
p
a
c
it
y
a
n
a
l
y
sis
in
a
Hig
h
A
lt
it
u
d
e
P
l
a
tf
o
r
m
s
(H
A
P
S
)
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
2
0
1
7
1
1
t
h
I
n
t.
Co
n
f.
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
.
S
y
st.
S
e
rv
.
A
p
p
l
.
T
S
S
A
2
0
1
7
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
1
8
-
Ja
n
u
a
ry
,
n
o
.
Oc
t
o
b
e
r,
p
p
.
1
-
5
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
0
]
Zu
lf
a
t
m
a
n
,
M
.
F
.
Ra
h
m
a
t,
A
.
R.
Hu
sa
in
,
R.
G
h
a
z
a
li
,
a
n
d
S
.
M
.
R
o
z
a
li
,
“
S
m
o
o
th
c
o
n
tr
o
l
a
c
ti
o
n
o
f
slid
in
g
m
o
d
e
f
o
r
a
c
las
s
o
f
e
lec
tro
-
h
y
d
ra
u
li
c
a
c
tu
a
to
r,
”
2
0
1
1
4
t
h
I
n
t.
Co
n
f.
M
e
c
h
a
tr
o
n
ics
In
te
g
r.
E
n
g
.
I
n
d
.
S
o
c
.
De
v
.
I
COM
’1
1
-
Co
n
f
.
Pro
c
.
,
n
o
.
M
a
y
,
p
p
.
1
7
-
1
9
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
1
]
A
.
A
ra
g
ó
n
-
Zav
a
la,
J.
L
.
Cu
e
v
a
s
-
Ru
íz,
a
n
d
J.
A
.
De
lg
a
d
o
-
P
e
n
ín
,
“
Hig
h
-
A
lt
it
u
d
e
P
latf
o
rm
s
f
o
r
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,”
Hig
h
-
Al
ti
tu
d
e
Pl
a
tf
o
rm
s W
ire
l.
Co
mm
u
n
.
,
n
o
.
Ju
ly
,
p
p
.
1
-
2
4
1
,
2
0
0
8
.
[2
2
]
M
.
G
u
a
n
,
Q.
G
u
o
,
a
n
d
X
.
G
u
,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
c
o
v
e
ra
g
e
a
n
d
w
irele
s
s
li
n
k
c
h
a
ra
c
te
risti
c
f
o
r
H
A
P
S
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
”
Dia
n
b
o
Ke
x
u
e
Xu
e
b
a
o
/C
h
in
e
se
J
.
R
a
d
i
o
S
c
i
.
,
vo
l
.
2
7
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
8
3
2
-
8
3
9
,
2
0
1
2
.
[
2
3
]
V
.
F
.
M
i
l
a
s
a
n
d
P
.
C
o
n
s
t
a
n
t
i
n
o
u
,
“
I
n
t
e
r
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
H
i
g
h
A
l
t
i
t
u
d
e
P
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
(
H
A
P
N
)
,
G
e
o
s
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
r
y
(
G
E
O
)
s
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
a
n
d
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
t
e
r
r
e
s
t
r
i
a
l
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
”
W
i
r
e
l
.
P
e
r
s
.
C
o
m
m
u
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
3
2
,
n
o
.
3
-
4
,
p
p
.
257
-
2
7
4
,
2
0
0
5
.
[2
4
]
M
.
Ca
rd
e
n
a
s
-
Ju
a
re
z
a
n
d
M
.
G
h
o
g
h
o
,
“
S
p
e
c
tru
m
se
n
sin
g
a
n
d
t
h
ro
u
g
h
p
u
t
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