T
E
L
KO
M
N
I
KA
T
e
lec
om
m
u
n
icat
ion
,
Com
p
u
t
i
n
g,
E
lec
t
r
on
ics
an
d
Cont
r
ol
Vol.
18
,
No.
3
,
J
une
2020
,
pp.
1137
~
1144
I
S
S
N:
1693
-
6930,
a
c
c
r
e
dit
e
d
F
ir
s
t
G
r
a
de
by
Ke
me
nr
is
tekdikti
,
De
c
r
e
e
No:
21/E
/KP
T
/2018
DO
I
:
10.
12928/
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
.
v18i3.
12826
1137
Jou
r
n
al
h
omepage
:
ht
tp:
//
jour
nal.
uad
.
ac
.
id/
index
.
php/T
E
L
K
OM
N
I
K
A
T
r
ac
t
ab
l
e
c
o
m
p
u
t
at
io
n
i
n
ou
t
age
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
an
al
ysi
s of
r
e
la
y se
l
e
c
t
io
n
N
O
M
A
M
in
h
-
S
an
g
Van
Nguyen
,
Din
h
-
T
h
u
an
Do
In
d
u
s
t
ri
a
l
U
n
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
o
f
H
o
C
h
i
Mi
n
h
C
i
t
y
(IU
H
),
V
i
et
n
am
Ar
t
icle
I
n
f
o
AB
S
T
RA
CT
A
r
ti
c
le
h
is
tor
y
:
R
e
c
e
ived
Apr
3,
2019
R
e
vis
e
d
J
a
n
13,
2020
Ac
c
e
pted
F
e
b
14,
2020
In
recen
t
y
ears
,
u
s
i
n
g
f
u
l
l
-
d
u
p
l
ex
(F
D
)
t
ran
s
mi
s
s
i
o
n
mo
d
el
p
ro
v
i
d
es
en
h
a
n
ced
b
an
d
w
i
d
t
h
eff
i
ci
e
n
cy
a
n
d
i
mp
r
o
v
e
d
p
erfo
rma
n
ce
fo
r
non
-
o
r
t
h
o
g
o
n
a
l
mu
l
t
i
p
l
e
acces
s
(N
O
MA
)
s
y
s
t
em.
H
o
w
ev
er,
l
ac
k
o
f
p
ap
er
s
h
av
e
i
n
v
es
t
i
g
at
e
d
FD
rel
ay
t
o
g
et
h
er
w
i
t
h
rel
a
y
s
el
ec
t
i
o
n
i
s
s
u
e
t
o
i
mp
ro
v
e
p
erfo
rma
n
ce
o
f
N
O
MA
s
y
s
t
em.
T
h
e
p
ro
b
l
em
s
i
n
p
o
w
er
al
l
o
cat
i
o
n
f
o
r
t
w
o
N
O
MA
u
s
er
s
s
at
i
s
f
y
i
n
g
fa
i
rn
e
s
s
as
w
el
l
as
rel
a
y
s
el
ec
t
i
o
n
s
t
ra
t
eg
y
are
s
t
u
d
i
ed
i
n
t
h
i
s
p
a
p
er.
By
co
n
s
i
d
eri
n
g
t
h
e
o
u
t
a
g
e
p
erfo
rman
ce
o
f
p
ro
p
o
s
ed
s
c
h
eme
w
i
t
h
i
t
s
v
i
t
al
res
u
l
t
,
g
en
eral
N
O
MA
w
i
rel
e
s
s
n
e
t
w
o
rk
s
can
b
e
d
ev
el
o
p
e
d
fo
r
fu
t
u
re
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
d
u
e
t
o
i
t
s
i
m
p
ro
v
ed
p
er
fo
rma
n
ce.
Si
mu
l
a
t
i
o
n
res
u
l
t
s
s
h
o
w
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
rel
a
y
i
n
g
s
el
ec
t
i
o
n
s
c
h
eme
can
ac
h
i
e
v
e
a
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
can
t
p
erf
o
rman
ce
i
mp
r
o
v
eme
n
t
b
y
i
n
creas
i
n
g
req
u
i
red
q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y
o
f
rel
a
y
.
K
e
y
w
o
r
d
s
:
NO
M
A
Outa
ge
pr
oba
bil
it
y
R
e
lay
s
e
lec
ti
on
Th
i
s
i
s
a
n
o
p
en
a
c
ces
s
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
u
n
d
e
r
t
h
e
CC
B
Y
-
SA
l
i
ce
n
s
e
.
C
or
r
e
s
pon
din
g
A
u
th
or
:
Dinh
-
T
hua
n
Do,
I
ndus
tr
ial
Unive
r
s
it
y
o
f
Ho
C
hi
M
inh
C
it
y
(
I
UH
)
,
Ho
C
hi
M
inh
C
it
y,
Vie
tnam.
E
mail:
dodinht
hua
n@iuh
.
e
du.
vn
1.
I
NT
RODU
C
T
I
ON
I
n
r
e
c
e
nt
ye
a
r
s
,
non
-
or
thogonal
mul
ti
ple
a
c
c
e
s
s
(
NO
M
A)
ha
s
a
tt
r
a
c
ted
a
lot
of
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
wor
ks
due
to
incr
e
a
s
ing
numbe
r
o
f
c
onne
c
ti
ons
.
F
u
r
ther
mor
e
,
it
is
c
ons
ider
e
d
a
s
one
o
f
the
mode
r
n
tec
hnologi
e
s
a
ppli
e
d
in
5th
ge
ne
r
a
ti
on
(
5G
)
mobi
le
ne
two
r
ks
in
or
de
r
t
o
c
ons
ider
a
bly
e
nha
nc
e
the
s
ys
tem
s
pe
c
tr
a
l
e
f
f
ici
e
nc
y
f
or
5G
c
omm
unica
ti
on
ne
twor
ks
[
1
-
4]
.
I
n
NO
M
A,
m
ult
ipl
e
us
e
r
s
ha
ve
thei
r
s
ignals
whic
h
a
r
e
inco
r
por
a
ted
int
o
mi
xe
d
s
ignal
in
powe
r
domain
.
As
a
r
e
s
ult
,
thes
e
us
e
r
s
in
NO
M
A
a
r
e
s
e
r
ve
d
in
the
s
a
me
domain
s
uc
h
a
s
ti
me,
f
r
e
que
nc
y
o
r
c
ode
domain
.
T
o
ove
r
c
ome
b
a
d
c
ha
nne
l
c
ondit
ion
,
NO
M
A
pr
oc
e
dur
e
mainly
a
ll
oc
a
tes
gr
e
a
ter
t
r
a
ns
mi
t
powe
r
de
dica
ted
f
or
us
e
r
s
s
uf
f
e
r
ing
f
r
om
we
a
k
c
ha
nne
l
c
ondit
ions
.
I
n
thi
s
s
c
e
na
r
io,
by
tr
e
a
ti
ng
othe
r
s
’
s
ignal
a
s
nois
e
,
thes
e
we
a
k
u
s
e
r
s
c
a
n
de
tec
t
a
nd
de
c
ode
it
s
s
ymbol
s
pr
e
c
is
e
ly
due
to
gr
e
a
ter
powe
r
leve
l
dis
tr
ibut
e
d
f
or
f
a
r
us
e
r
.
O
n
the
other
ha
nd,
ba
s
e
d
on
the
s
uc
c
e
s
s
ive
int
e
r
f
e
r
e
nc
e
c
a
nc
e
ll
a
ti
on
(
S
I
C
)
tec
hnique,
us
e
r
s
whic
h
ha
ve
s
tr
ong
c
ha
nne
l
c
ondit
ions
a
r
e
c
a
pa
ble
to
de
tec
t
it
s
ow
n
s
ignal.
I
n
a
ddit
ion,
a
s
c
ompar
e
d
to
the
OM
A
s
ys
tem,
ther
e
is
a
s
igni
f
ica
nt
im
pr
ove
ment
in
NO
M
A
thr
oughput
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
[
2
,
5
]
.
R
e
c
e
ntl
y,
c
oope
r
a
ti
ve
ne
twor
k
s
a
r
e
int
r
oduc
e
d
a
s
in
[
6,
7]
,
the
a
uthor
f
oc
us
e
d
on
s
ys
tem
e
va
luation
r
e
late
d
to
pr
oc
e
s
s
ing
s
i
gna
l
a
t
r
e
lay
a
nd
outage
pr
oba
bil
it
y
is
gua
r
a
ntee
d.
F
or
tunat
e
ly,
s
uc
h
c
oope
r
a
ti
ve
s
c
he
mes
c
a
n
be
c
ombi
ne
d
with
NO
M
A
to
r
e
f
or
m
c
oope
r
a
ti
ve
NO
M
A.
I
n
pa
r
ti
c
ular
,
it
ne
e
d
be
inves
ti
ga
ted
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
a
nd
it
c
a
n
be
e
nha
n
c
e
d
by
e
mpl
oying
NO
M
A
s
c
he
me
int
o
s
y
s
te
m
m
ode
l.
I
n
p
r
inciple,
by
uti
li
z
ing
S
I
C
,
the
r
e
c
e
ived
mes
s
a
ge
is
de
c
ode
d
a
t
the
r
e
c
e
iver
while
the
t
r
a
ns
mi
tt
e
r
tr
e
a
ti
ng
int
e
r
f
e
r
e
nc
e
s
ignal
a
nd
s
uc
h
NO
M
A
is
pr
opos
e
d
in
NO
M
A
tec
hnique
a
s
in
[
8]
.
Outa
ge
pr
oba
bil
it
y
is
main
metr
ic
to
c
ons
ider
in
c
oope
r
a
ti
ve
NO
M
A
ne
t
wor
k
whe
r
e
the
mes
s
a
ge
tr
a
ns
mi
s
s
ion
is
a
s
s
i
s
ted
ove
r
a
n
a
mpl
if
y
-
a
nd
-
f
or
wa
r
d
(
AF)
r
e
lay
f
r
om
the
s
ou
r
c
e
node
[
9]
.
M
or
e
ove
r
,
in
[
10]
,
to
incr
e
a
s
e
the
s
ys
tem
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
,
Vol.
18
,
No
.
3
,
J
une
2020:
1137
-
1144
1138
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
NO
M
A
s
c
e
na
r
io
is
a
ppli
e
d
a
nd
the
m
a
thema
ti
c
a
l
f
or
mul
a
in
c
los
e
d
f
or
m
of
p
r
oba
bil
it
y
ha
s
a
ls
o
be
e
n
f
ound.
I
n
[
11
]
,
pe
r
f
o
r
manc
e
of
r
a
ndoml
y
-
de
ployed
s
ubs
c
r
iber
s
of
a
downlink
ne
twor
k
a
r
e
pe
r
f
o
r
med
in
ter
ms
of
s
ys
tem
outage
pr
oba
bil
it
y
a
nd
the
a
c
hieva
ble
r
a
te.
T
o
im
p
r
ove
the
outage
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
o
f
a
ll
de
vice
s
in
the
r
e
lay
s
e
lec
ti
on
(
R
S
)
s
ys
tem,
the
a
uthor
s
in
[
12]
ha
ve
pr
opos
e
d
a
two
s
tage
R
S
in
c
oope
r
a
ti
ve
NO
M
A
model.
F
ur
ther
mo
r
e
,
it
is
s
im
il
a
r
to
[
12]
that
in
or
de
r
to
i
mpr
ove
s
ys
tem
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
,
a
f
ul
l
-
duplex
s
c
he
me
is
r
e
quir
e
d
to
e
mpl
oy
in
NO
M
A
a
s
c
ons
ider
e
d
model
by
the
a
utho
r
s
in
[
13]
.
M
oti
va
ted
by
r
e
s
ult
s
in
[
14
-
25]
,
thi
s
pa
pe
r
tar
ge
ts
the
c
onc
e
ntr
a
ti
on
on
c
oope
r
a
ti
ve
NO
M
A
int
e
gr
a
ted
with
r
e
lay
s
e
lec
ti
on
model
a
nd
f
ull
-
duplex
s
c
he
me
e
mpl
oye
d
a
t
r
e
l
a
y
node
s
by
ins
pir
e
d
by
thes
e
tec
hniques
.
I
n
pa
r
ti
c
ular
,
out
a
ge
a
nd
thr
oughpu
t
pe
r
f
or
ma
nc
e
a
r
e
inves
ti
ga
ted.
As
main
c
ontr
ibut
ion
o
f
thi
s
pa
pe
r
,
we
de
r
ive
the
c
los
e
d
-
f
or
m
e
xpr
e
s
s
ion
in
ter
m
of
outage
e
ve
nt
to
e
va
luate
s
ys
tem
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
.
2.
S
YST
E
M
M
ODE
L
W
e
c
ons
ider
a
downlink
s
ys
tem
model
is
s
hown
a
s
F
igur
e
1,
whe
r
e
a
ba
s
e
s
tation
(
B
S
)
would
li
ke
to
s
e
nd
a
mes
s
a
ge
to
the
N
ne
a
r
us
e
r
(
NU
)
s
o
-
c
a
ll
e
d
a
s
r
e
lay
(
R
)
to
br
oa
dc
a
s
t
B
S
's
da
ta
s
ignal
to
a
pa
ir
of
f
a
r
us
e
r
s
(
F
U)
that
s
e
t
a
s
d
e
vice
1
(
D1)
a
nd
de
vice
2
(
D2)
.
M
or
e
s
pe
c
if
ica
ll
y,
F
igur
e
1
il
lus
tr
a
tes
the
f
ull
-
duplex
r
e
lay
in
two
hop
NO
M
A,
whic
h
c
ontains
one
ba
s
e
s
tation
(
B
S
)
,
two
ne
a
r
NO
M
A
us
e
r
(
s
tr
ong
us
e
r
)
that
is
c
a
pa
ble
of
the
f
ull
-
duplex
tr
a
ns
mi
s
s
ion,
a
nd
f
a
r
NO
M
A
us
e
r
s
(
we
a
k
us
e
r
)
.
I
n
thi
s
model
,
we
de
note
D
n
,
1
,
2
n
whic
h
e
xhibi
t
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
ga
p.
T
he
B
S
is
a
s
ingl
e
a
ntenna
tr
a
ns
mi
s
s
ion
s
our
c
e
while
the
NU
s
a
r
e
de
s
igned
with
two
s
e
pa
r
a
ted
a
ntenna
s
f
or
f
ull
-
duplex
tr
a
ns
mi
s
s
ion.
As
a
r
e
s
ult
,
s
e
lf
-
int
e
r
f
e
r
e
nc
e
(
S
I
)
due
to
two
a
ntenna
s
s
c
h
e
me
s
ti
ll
e
xis
ts
.
W
e
a
s
s
ume
that
t
he
r
e
doe
s
not
e
xis
t
a
dir
e
c
t
li
nk
f
r
om
the
B
S
to
F
U,
n
h
a
nd
,
ni
g
(
1
,
2
i
)
a
r
e
de
noted
the
R
a
yleigh
f
a
ding
c
ha
nne
l
c
oe
f
f
icie
nts
of
the
li
nk
B
S
-
NU
a
nd
NU
-
F
U,
r
e
s
pe
c
ti
ve
ly.
T
he
r
a
ndom
va
r
iable
s
2
n
h
a
nd
2
,
ni
g
a
r
e
f
oll
ow
the
e
xpone
nti
a
l
dis
tr
ibut
ion
with
pa
r
a
mete
r
s
hn
a
nd
,
g
n
i
(
1
,
2
i
)
,
r
e
s
pe
c
ti
ve
ly.
F
oll
owing
pr
inciple
o
f
nor
mal
NO
M
A,
us
e
r
s
a
r
e
dis
tr
ibut
e
d
in
or
de
r
ba
s
e
d
on
the
c
ha
nne
l
c
ondit
ions
.
As
s
how
in
F
igu
r
e
1,
we
a
s
s
umed
that
D1
a
nd
D2
a
r
e
us
e
d
f
o
r
dif
f
e
r
e
nt
da
ta
tr
a
ns
mi
s
s
ion,
in
whic
h
D1
is
us
e
d
f
or
low
s
pe
e
d
a
ppli
c
a
ti
ons
,
a
nd
vice
ve
r
s
a
f
or
D2
whic
h
s
e
r
ve
d
hi
gh
s
pe
e
d
da
ta
r
a
te.
F
igur
e
1.
S
ys
tem
model
of
r
e
lay
s
e
lec
ti
on
NO
M
A
with
f
ull
-
duplex
tr
a
ns
mi
s
s
ion
T
he
tr
a
ns
mi
s
s
ion
be
twe
e
n
the
B
S
-
NU
a
nd
NU
-
F
U
a
r
e
divi
de
d
int
o
two
pha
s
e
s
.
I
n
the
e
a
r
ly
pha
s
e
,
the
B
S
s
e
nds
the
s
upe
r
pos
it
ion
s
ignal,
1
1
2
2
a
x
a
x
+
with
powe
r
a
ll
oc
a
ti
on
f
a
c
tor
s
s
a
ti
s
f
ying
22
12
1
aa
+=
,
whe
r
e
1
x
a
nd
2
x
de
notes
the
mes
s
a
ge
f
or
B
S
s
e
nt
to
int
e
r
medi
a
te
de
vice
s
a
nd
then
thes
e
s
ignal
int
e
nd
to
tr
a
ns
mi
t
to
D1
a
nd
D2,
2
i
a
de
notes
the
powe
r
a
ll
oc
a
ti
on
f
a
c
tor
f
or
mes
s
a
ge
i
x
.
I
n
th
is
F
D
s
c
he
me,
SI
x
de
notes
s
e
lf
-
int
e
r
f
e
r
e
nc
e
s
ignal.
I
n
s
uc
h
c
a
s
e
,
the
r
e
s
idu
a
l
loop
s
e
lf
-
int
e
r
f
e
r
e
nc
e
(
S
I
)
is
s
e
t
a
s
a
R
a
yleig
h
f
a
ding
f
e
e
dba
c
k
c
ha
nne
l
with
the
c
oe
f
f
icie
nt
SI
h
,
a
nd
r
a
n
dom
va
r
iable
s
2
SI
h
is
a
ls
o
f
oll
ows
the
e
xpone
nti
a
l
D
1
Ba
s
e
s
t
a
t
i
o
n
D
2
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
ti
o
n
L
i
n
k
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
T
r
ac
tabl
e
c
omputati
on
in
outage
pe
r
for
manc
e
analys
is
of
…
(
M
inh
-
Sang
V
an
N
guy
e
n
)
1139
dis
tr
ibut
ion
wi
th
mea
n
va
lue
h
s
i
.
B
e
c
a
us
e
of
it
mus
t
be
s
a
ti
s
f
ied
qua
li
ty
-
of
-
s
e
r
vice
(
QoS)
r
e
quir
e
ments
,
it
is
a
s
s
umed
that
12
aa
.
T
he
r
e
f
or
e
,
the
r
e
c
e
ived
s
ignal
a
t
the
N
U
us
e
r
,
i.
e
.
,
n
-
th
r
e
lay
,
1
nN
c
a
n
be
given
a
s
:
1
1
2
2
(
)
,
r
n
S
n
R
S
I
S
I
R
y
P
h
a
x
a
x
P
h
x
n
=
+
+
+
(
1)
whe
r
e
S
P
de
note
the
tr
a
ns
mi
s
s
ion
powe
r
a
t
the
s
our
c
e
,
R
n
s
tands
f
or
the
a
ddit
ive
Ga
us
s
ian
nois
e
(
AW
G
N)
a
t
n
-
th
NU
us
e
r
wi
th
z
e
r
o
mea
n
a
nd
va
r
ianc
e
0
N
.
I
t
ne
e
d
be
c
omput
e
d
S
NR
a
t
the
r
e
lay
to
de
tec
t
s
ig
na
l
of
1
x
:
2
2
1
1,
22
2
20
.
Sn
S
R
n
S
n
R
S
I
P
a
h
P
a
h
P
h
N
=
++
(
2)
T
he
n,
S
NR
is
c
omput
e
d
to
de
c
ode
s
ignal
2
x
a
f
ter
r
e
q
uir
ing
S
I
C
pr
oc
e
dur
e
:
2
2
2
2,
2
0
.
Sn
S
R
n
R
S
I
P
a
h
P
h
N
=
+
(
3)
W
e
c
a
ll
U
P
a
s
tr
a
ns
mi
t
powe
r
a
t
the
s
e
lec
ted
r
e
lay
,
Di
n
de
notes
the
AW
GN
a
t
Di
,
i.
e
.
,
(
)
0
~
0
,
Di
n
C
N
N
.
I
n
thi
s
c
a
s
e
,
the
r
e
c
e
ived
s
ignal
a
t
f
a
r
us
e
r
D1
,
D2
a
r
e
given
a
s
f
oll
owing
e
qua
ti
on
:
,
,
1
1
2
2
(
)
,
1
,
2
.
d
n
i
U
n
i
D
i
y
P
g
a
x
a
x
n
i
=
+
+
(
4)
W
e
then
c
omput
e
S
NR
a
t
us
e
r
D1
to
a
tt
a
in
s
ignal
1
x
:
2
2
1
,
1
1,
2
2
2
,
1
0
.
Un
R
U
n
Un
P
a
g
P
a
g
N
=
+
(
5)
W
e
then
c
ons
ider
S
NR
a
t
us
e
r
D2
to
e
l
im
inate
int
e
r
f
e
r
e
nc
e
s
ignal
1
x
a
nd
it
c
a
n
be
c
omput
e
d
by
:
2
2
1
,
2
1
2
,
2
2
2
,
2
0
.
Un
R
U
n
Un
P
a
g
P
a
g
N
=
+
(
6)
S
im
il
a
r
ly,
a
t
r
e
lay,
S
I
C
is
pe
r
f
or
med
a
t
us
e
r
D2
to
de
c
ode
it
s
own
s
ignal
2
x
:
2
2
2
,
2
2,
0
.
Un
R
U
n
P
a
g
N
=
(
7)
T
he
n
,
we
c
ons
ider
on
c
r
it
e
r
ia
to
r
e
lay
s
e
lec
ted
to
s
ignal
f
or
wa
r
ding
to
f
a
r
us
e
r
s
.
I
n
pa
r
ti
c
ular
,
the
index
of
be
s
t
r
e
lay
1
*
n
is
s
e
lec
ted
to
pr
ovide
a
maximu
m
e
nd
-
to
-
e
nd
S
NR
a
mong
the
B
S
-
NU
-
D1
li
nks
a
s
:
(
)
1
1
,
1
,
1
,
2
,
*
a
r
g
m
a
x
m
i
n
,
.
S
R
n
R
U
n
nN
n
=
=
(
8)
S
im
il
a
r
ly,
the
index
of
be
s
t
r
e
lay
2
*
n
is
s
e
lec
ted
to
pr
ovide
a
a
maximum
e
nd
-
to
-
e
nd
S
NR
a
mong
the
S
-
NU
-
D2
li
nks
a
s
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
,
Vol.
18
,
No
.
3
,
J
une
2020:
1137
-
1144
1140
(
)
2
2
,
1
2
,
2
,
1
,
2
,
*
a
r
g
m
a
x
m
i
n
,
,
.
S
R
n
R
U
n
R
U
n
nN
n
=
=
(
9)
3.
S
YST
E
M
P
E
RF
ORM
AN
CE
AN
AL
YSI
S
3.
1
.
P
e
r
f
or
m
an
c
e
o
f
u
s
e
r
D1
I
n
the
s
c
e
na
r
io
o
f
F
D
mode,
we
pr
ovide
f
oll
owing
r
e
s
ult
s
:
P
r
opos
it
ion
1:
T
he
c
los
e
d
-
f
or
m
e
xpr
e
s
s
ion
of
outa
ge
pr
oba
bil
it
y
a
t
us
e
r
D1
(
)
(
)
(
)
1
1
,
1
1
,
1
1
,
,
1
,
1
1
,
1
1
m
in
Pr
1
Pr
,
.
F
D
F
D
F
D
S
R
n
R
U
n
nN
N
F
D
F
D
S
R
n
R
U
n
n
A
OP
=
=
=
=
−
(
10)
P
r
oof
:
I
n
whic
h,
it
c
a
n
be
c
omput
e
d
c
omponents
a
s
:
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
1
,
1
1
,
1
22
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
0
1
,
1
1
2
,
1
0
P
r
,
P
r
,
.
F
D
F
D
S
R
n
R
U
n
F
D
F
D
S
n
S
n
R
S
I
U
n
U
n
A
P
a
h
P
a
h
P
h
N
P
a
g
P
a
g
N
=
=
+
+
+
(
11)
T
he
n
it
is
r
e
wr
it
ten
a
s
:
(
)
(
)
2
2
2
1
1
0
10
,1
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
12
Pr
Pr
.
FD
FD
R
S
I
nn
F
D
F
D
SU
P
h
N
N
A
h
g
P
a
a
P
a
a
AA
+
=
−−
=
(
12)
I
n
thi
s
c
a
s
e
,
we
ha
ve
two
c
a
lcua
lations
a
s
be
low:
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
2
2
1
1
0
22
1
1
1
2
22
1
1
2
22
1
1
2
10
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
P
r
;
:
e
x
p
,
F
D
F
D
R
S
I
FD
n
FD
S
FD
FD
S
h
n
F
D
F
D
F
D
S
h
n
R
h
s
i
S
h
n
P
h
N
A
h
if
a
a
P
a
a
P
a
a
N
P
a
a
P
P
a
a
+
=
−
−
=−
−
+
−
(
13)
a
nd
(
)
(
)
2
1
0
1
0
2
,
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
,
1
P
r
e
x
p
.
F
D
F
D
n
F
D
F
D
U
U
g
n
NN
Ag
P
a
a
P
a
a
=
=
−
−−
(
14)
T
he
n
A
is
r
e
wr
it
ten
a
s
:
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
22
1
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
,
1
22
1
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
e
x
p
e
x
p
e
x
p
FD
F
D
F
D
S
h
n
F
D
F
D
F
D
F
D
S
h
n
R
h
s
i
S
h
n
U
g
n
FD
F
D
F
D
S
h
n
F
D
F
D
F
D
R
h
s
i
S
h
n
S
h
n
U
P
a
a
NN
A
P
a
a
P
P
a
a
P
a
a
P
a
a
NN
P
P
a
a
P
a
a
P
a
−
=
−
−
−
+
−
−
−
=
−
−
+
−
−
(
)
2
1
2
,
1
.
FD
gn
a
−
(
15)
T
he
r
e
f
or
e
,
s
uc
h
outage
pr
oba
bil
i
ty
f
o
r
us
e
r
D1
is
g
iven
by:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
T
r
ac
tabl
e
c
omputati
on
in
outage
pe
r
for
manc
e
analys
is
of
…
(
M
inh
-
Sang
V
an
N
guy
e
n
)
1141
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
22
1
1
2
22
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
0
1
0
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
,
1
1
,
e
x
p
FD
S
h
n
F
D
F
D
N
R
h
s
i
S
h
n
FD
F
D
F
D
n
F
D
F
D
S
h
n
U
g
n
P
a
a
P
P
a
a
OP
NN
P
a
a
P
a
a
=
−
−
+−
=
−
−
−−
(
16)
whe
r
e
1
1
21
R
FD
=−
.
S
im
il
a
r
ly,
in
HD
mode,
s
uc
h
outage
pe
r
f
o
r
manc
e
c
a
n
be
s
hown
a
s
:
(
)
(
)
1
0
1
0
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
,
1
1
e
x
p
,
H
D
H
D
N
HD
H
D
H
D
n
S
h
n
U
g
n
NN
OP
P
a
a
P
a
a
=
=
−
−
−
−−
(
17)
whe
r
e
1
2
1
21
R
HD
=−
.
3.
2
.
P
e
r
f
or
m
an
c
e
of
u
s
e
r
D2
T
o
c
ons
ider
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
of
us
e
r
of
D2,
the
r
e
late
d
outage
pr
oba
bil
it
y
c
a
n
be
given
by:
P
r
opos
it
ion
2:
T
he
c
los
e
d
-
f
or
m
e
xpr
e
s
s
ion
of
outa
ge
pr
oba
bil
it
y
a
t
us
e
r
D2
c
a
n
be
given
by:
(
)
(
)
(
)
2
2
,
2
1
2
,
1
2
,
2
1
,
,
2
,
2
1
2
,
1
2
,
2
1
m
in
Pr
1
Pr
,
,
.
F
D
F
D
F
D
F
D
S
R
n
R
U
n
R
U
n
nN
N
F
D
F
D
F
D
S
R
n
R
U
n
R
U
n
n
B
OP
=
=
=
=
−
(
18)
P
r
oof
:
I
t
c
a
n
be
c
omput
e
d
that:
(
)
2
,
2
1
2
,
1
2
,
2
22
2
22
2
1
,
2
2
,
2
2
2
1
2
22
2
0
0
2
,
2
0
12
Pr
,
,
Pr
Pr
,
.
F
D
F
D
F
D
S
R
n
R
U
n
R
U
n
U
n
U
n
Sn
F
D
F
D
F
D
R
S
I
Un
B
P
a
g
P
a
g
P
a
h
N
P
h
N
P
a
g
N
BB
=
=
+
+
=
(
19)
W
e
c
a
n
c
omput
e
d
e
a
c
h
pa
r
t
a
s
f
o
ll
ows
:
2
2
2
12
2
0
2
2
2
0
22
2
2
2
Pr
e
x
p
,
Sn
FD
R
S
I
FD
S
h
n
FD
R
h
s
i
S
h
n
S
h
n
P
a
h
B
P
h
N
P
a
N
P
P
a
P
a
=
+
=−
+
(
20)
a
nd
(
)
22
22
0
1
0
2
2
,
2
,
2
1
2
1
2
22
2
1
2
1
,2
P
r
,
;
:
e
xp
,
F
D
F
D
FD
nn
FD
U
U
FD
gn
NN
B
g
g
i
f
a
a
Pa
P
a
a
=
−
=−
(
21)
T
he
n,
we
ha
ve
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
,
Vol.
18
,
No
.
3
,
J
une
2020:
1137
-
1144
1142
2
2
2
0
2
22
1
,2
2
2
2
1
e
x
p
,
FD
FD
N
FD
S
h
n
FD
n
gn
R
h
s
i
S
h
n
S
h
n
P
a
N
OP
P
P
a
P
a
=
=
−
−
−
+
(
22)
whe
r
e
2
2
21
R
FD
=−
,
(
)
0
1
0
2
2
22
2
1
2
1
m
a
x
,
F
D
F
D
FD
FD
U
U
NN
Pa
P
a
a
=
−
.
S
im
il
a
r
ly,
in
HD
mode
s
uc
h
outage
met
r
ic
f
o
r
us
e
r
D2
is
f
o
r
mul
a
ted
by:
20
2
2
1
,2
2
1
e
x
p
,
HD
HD
N
HD
n
gn
S
h
n
N
OP
Pa
=
=
−
−
−
(
23)
whe
r
e
2
2
21
R
HD
=−
,
(
)
0
1
0
2
2
22
2
1
2
1
m
a
x
,
H
D
H
D
HD
HD
U
U
NN
Pa
P
a
a
=
−
.
4.
S
I
M
UL
AT
I
ON
RE
S
UL
T
I
n
th
is
s
e
c
ti
on,
we
pr
e
s
e
nt
nume
r
ica
l
r
e
s
ult
s
to
e
va
luate
a
na
lyt
ica
l
e
xp
r
e
s
s
ions
c
a
lcula
ted
in
pr
e
vious
pa
r
t.
T
he
powe
r
a
ll
oc
a
ti
on
c
oe
f
f
icie
nts
of
NO
M
A
is
1
0
.
8
a
=
f
or
D1
.
As
the
obs
e
r
va
ti
on,
F
igur
e
2
a
nd
F
igur
e
3
plot
the
outage
pr
oba
bi
li
ty
f
or
pr
opos
e
d
NO
M
A
f
or
two
f
a
r
NO
M
A
us
e
r
s
de
s
c
r
ibed
a
s
in
f
igur
e
s
.
I
n
thi
s
s
c
e
na
r
io,
r
e
lay
s
e
lec
ti
on
s
c
he
me
is
a
ppli
e
d
f
or
f
u
r
ther
im
p
r
ove
ment
of
outage
be
ha
vior
.
Obs
e
r
ving
the
F
igu
r
e
2
,
one
c
a
n
c
onc
lude
that
much
powe
r
a
ll
oc
a
ted
to
us
e
r
D1
r
e
s
ult
s
in
be
tt
e
r
outage
pe
r
f
o
r
manc
e
.
I
n
a
ddit
ion
,
both
F
igu
r
e
2
a
nd
F
igu
r
e
3
manif
e
s
t
that
R
S
NO
M
A
c
a
n
r
e
ma
r
ka
bly
incr
e
a
s
e
th
e
outage
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
a
s
i
f
r
e
a
s
ona
ble
s
e
lec
ti
on
of
F
D/HD
mode
is
given.
M
or
e
ove
r
,
whe
n
we
c
ha
nge
t
r
a
ns
mi
t
powe
r
a
t
r
e
lay,
the
ga
p
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
r
e
ga
r
ding
the
outag
e
pr
oba
bil
it
ies
a
c
hieve
d
by
R
S
NO
M
A
c
a
n
be
s
e
e
n
c
lea
r
ly
a
t
s
uc
h
high
tr
a
ns
mi
t
powe
r
a
t
r
e
lay.
F
ig
ur
e
2.
C
ompar
is
on
on
F
D
a
nd
HD
of
both
f
a
r
us
e
r
s
ve
r
s
us
tr
a
ns
mi
t
S
NR
a
t
the
B
S
a
s
va
r
ying
1
a
(
,1
1
h
n
g
n
==
,
,2
10
gn
=
,
0
.
0
1
hsi
=
,
(
)
20
RU
P
P
d
B
==
,
1
0.5
R
=
,
2
1
R
=
,
0
1
N
=
,
1
N
=
)
F
igur
e
3.
Outa
ge
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
c
ompar
is
on
on
F
D
a
nd
HD
of
bo
th
us
e
r
s
ve
r
s
us
tr
a
ns
mi
t
powe
r
a
t
r
e
la
y
a
s
va
r
ying
U
P
(
,1
1
h
n
g
n
==
,
,2
10
gn
=
,
0
.
0
1
hsi
=
,
(
)
20
R
P
d
B
=
,
1
0.5
R
=
,
2
1
R
=
,
0
1
N
=
,
1
N
=
)
I
n
F
igur
e
4
,
it
c
a
n
be
obs
e
r
ve
d
that
the
outage
pr
o
ba
bil
it
y
va
r
ies
a
c
c
or
ding
to
the
dif
f
e
r
e
nt
va
lues
of
s
e
lf
-
int
e
r
f
e
r
e
nc
e
c
ha
nne
l.
T
he
e
xa
c
t
outage
pr
oba
b
il
it
y
c
u
r
ve
s
of
pr
opos
e
d
R
S
NO
M
A
with
higher
le
ve
l
of
S
I
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
T
r
ac
tabl
e
c
omputati
on
in
outage
pe
r
for
manc
e
analys
is
of
…
(
M
inh
-
Sang
V
an
N
guy
e
n
)
1143
will
be
r
e
s
ult
e
d
in
wor
s
e
outage
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
.
I
t
is
obs
e
r
ve
d
that
the
s
upe
r
ior
it
y
o
f
f
u
ll
duplex
f
unc
ti
on
in
R
S
NO
M
A
is
no
longer
a
ppa
r
e
nt
with
the
ve
r
y
lar
ge
va
lues
of
S
I
(
i
.
e
.
a
s
1
h
si
=
(
dB
)
)
.
T
he
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
it
is
e
s
s
e
nti
a
l
to
c
ons
ider
the
in
f
luenc
e
of
S
I
whe
n
de
s
igni
ng
pr
a
c
ti
c
a
l
f
ul
l
duplex
a
ntenna
in
s
uc
h
NO
M
A
s
ys
tems
.
I
n
F
igur
e
5,
we
e
va
luate
im
pa
c
t
of
the
number
o
f
r
e
lay
a
t
r
e
lay
s
e
lec
ted.
B
e
tt
e
r
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
c
a
n
be
obs
e
r
ve
d
a
t
higher
number
of
r
e
lay
s
e
lec
ted.
W
e
c
ompar
e
the
outage
be
ha
vior
of
di
f
f
e
r
e
nt
c
a
s
e
s
c
ons
ider
ing
the
numbe
r
of
r
e
lay.
I
t
c
a
n
be
obs
e
r
ve
d
f
r
om
F
igu
r
e
5
that
f
o
r
the
p
r
opos
e
d
s
c
he
me,
the
a
na
lyt
ica
l
o
utage
is
im
pr
ove
d
a
t
2
N
=
.
I
n
a
ddit
ion
,
F
igur
e
5
a
ls
o
s
hows
th
a
t
the
p
r
opos
e
d
s
c
he
me
c
a
n
obtaine
d
c
lea
r
outag
e
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
ga
p
a
s
higher
S
NR
r
a
is
e
d.
F
igur
e
4.
Outa
ge
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
c
ompar
is
on
in
c
a
s
e
of
F
D
mode
f
o
r
both
f
a
r
us
e
r
s
ve
r
s
us
tr
a
ns
mi
t
powe
r
a
t
the
B
S
a
s
va
r
ying
h
s
i
(
,1
1
h
n
g
n
==
,
,2
10
gn
=
,
0
.
0
1
hsi
=
,
(
)
20
RU
P
P
d
B
==
,
1
0.5
R
=
,
2
1
R
=
,
0
1
N
=
,
1
N
=
).
F
igur
e
5.
Outa
ge
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
c
ompar
is
on
on
F
D
a
nd
HD
of
bo
th
f
a
r
us
e
r
s
ve
r
s
us
tr
a
ns
mi
t
powe
r
a
t
the
B
S
a
s
va
r
ying
N
(
,1
1
h
n
g
n
==
,
,2
10
gn
=
,
0
.
0
1
hsi
=
,
(
)
20
RU
P
P
d
B
==
,
1
0.5
R
=
,
2
1
R
=
,
0
1
N
=
).
5.
CONC
L
USI
ON
I
n
th
is
s
tudy,
we
s
ugge
s
ted
a
pplyi
ng
r
e
lay
s
e
lec
ti
on
s
c
he
me
in
NO
M
A
s
c
he
me
to
e
va
luate
s
ys
tem
outage
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
.
As
mos
t
im
por
tant
thi
ng,
f
u
ll
-
duplex
s
c
he
me
i
s
a
ls
o
s
tudi
e
d.
T
he
c
ons
ider
e
d
NO
M
A
s
c
he
me
is
a
s
s
e
s
s
e
d
a
nd
c
ompar
e
d
with
the
dif
f
e
r
e
nt
s
c
e
na
r
ios
in
ter
ms
of
s
ys
tem
outage
.
B
y
a
c
hieving
outage
with
a
ppr
opr
iate
s
e
lec
ti
on
o
f
number
of
r
e
lay,
it
c
a
n
be
obs
e
r
ve
d
f
r
o
m
the
s
im
ulation
r
e
s
ult
that
the
p
r
opos
e
d
NO
M
A
wit
h
im
pr
ove
d
pe
r
f
o
r
manc
e
c
a
n
be
a
ppli
e
d
in
r
e
a
l
NO
M
A
de
s
ign.
F
or
f
u
r
ther
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
topi
c
s
,
with
mor
e
than
two
us
e
r
s
we
may
c
ons
ider
a
ge
n
e
r
a
li
z
a
ti
on
of
r
e
lay
s
e
lec
ti
on
poli
c
ies
a
nd
pe
r
f
or
manc
e
inves
ti
ga
ti
on
f
or
r
a
ndoml
y
dis
tr
ibu
ted
NO
M
A
us
e
r
s
.
RE
F
E
RE
NC
E
S
[1
]
T.
L
.
N
g
u
y
e
n
,
D
i
n
h
-
T
h
u
an
D
o
,
“
E
x
p
l
o
i
t
i
n
g
Imp
ac
t
s
o
f
In
t
ercel
l
In
t
erfere
n
ce
o
n
SW
IPT
-
as
s
i
s
t
e
d
N
o
n
-
o
rt
h
o
g
o
n
a
l
Mu
l
t
i
p
l
e
A
cce
s
s
,
”
W
i
r
e
l
es
s
Co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
t
i
o
n
s
a
n
d
M
o
b
i
l
e
Co
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
1
7
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
2
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
]
Y
.
Sai
t
o
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
Non
-
o
rt
h
o
g
o
n
al
mu
l
t
i
p
l
e
acces
s
(N
O
MA
)
fo
r
cel
l
u
l
ar
fu
t
u
re
rad
i
o
acce
s
s
,
”
P
r
o
c.
IE
E
E
V
eh
.
Tech
n
o
l
.
Co
n
f
.
(V
TC
S
p
r
i
n
g
),
2
0
1
3
.
[3
]
D
i
n
h
-
T
h
u
an
D
o
an
d
C.
B.
L
e,
“A
p
p
l
i
cat
i
o
n
o
f
N
O
M
A
i
n
W
i
rel
es
s
Sy
s
t
em
w
i
t
h
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i
re
l
es
s
Po
w
er
T
ra
n
s
fer
Sch
e
me:
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u
t
ag
e
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d
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r
g
o
d
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c
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t
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rma
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ce
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n
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i
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en
s
o
r
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
8
,
n
o
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
3
5
0
1
,
2
0
1
8
.
[4
]
D
i
n
h
-
T
h
u
an
D
o
,
M.
S.
V
a
n
N
g
u
y
en
,
T
.
A
.
H
o
a
n
g
a
n
d
M.
V
o
z
n
a
k
,
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O
M
A
-
A
s
s
i
s
t
ed
Mu
l
t
i
p
l
e
A
cce
s
s
Sc
h
eme
fo
r
Io
T
D
e
p
l
o
y
me
n
t
:
Rel
a
y
Sel
ect
i
o
n
Mo
d
e
l
an
d
Secrecy
Perfo
rman
ce
Imp
r
o
v
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t
,
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en
s
o
r
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
9
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
7
3
6
,
2
0
1
9
.
[5
]
Z
.
D
i
n
g
,
et
al
.
,
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n
t
h
e
p
erfo
rma
n
ce
o
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n
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-
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rt
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o
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o
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al
mu
l
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p
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s
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n
5
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s
y
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t
em
s
w
i
t
h
ran
d
o
ml
y
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e
p
l
o
y
ed
u
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,
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o
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s
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.
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ec.
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1
2
,
p
p
.
1
5
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1
5
0
5
,
2
0
1
4
.
[6
]
D
i
n
h
-
T
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u
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o
,
H
.
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g
u
y
en
,
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o
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ak
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d
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.
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g
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e
n
,
“
W
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rel
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p
o
w
ere
d
rel
ay
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n
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n
et
w
o
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er
i
mp
erfec
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ch
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n
n
e
l
s
t
at
e
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n
f
o
rmat
i
o
n
:
s
y
s
t
em
p
erf
o
rman
ce
a
n
d
o
p
t
i
ma
l
p
o
l
i
cy
f
o
r
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n
s
t
an
t
an
e
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s
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at
e,
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a
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eer
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l
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3
,
p
p
.
8
6
9
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7
7
,
2
0
1
7
.
[7
]
X.
X
.
N
g
u
y
e
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an
d
D
i
n
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-
T
h
u
a
n
D
o
,
“
O
p
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ma
l
p
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al
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rel
ay
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et
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k
s
w
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t
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e
s
s
p
o
w
er
t
ra
n
s
fer
-
a
w
are
ch
an
n
el
,
”
E
U
R
A
S
IP
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
n
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e
l
es
s
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g
,
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l
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0
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,
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o
,
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
6
,
2
0
1
7
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
KO
M
NI
KA
T
e
lec
omm
un
C
omput
E
l
C
ontr
o
l
,
Vol.
18
,
No
.
3
,
J
une
2020:
1137
-
1144
1144
[8
]
A
.
S.
G
u
p
t
a,
a
n
d
A
.
Si
n
g
er,
“
S
u
cces
s
i
v
e
In
t
erferen
c
e
Can
cel
l
at
i
o
n
U
s
i
n
g
C
o
n
s
t
e
l
l
a
t
i
o
n
S
t
ru
ct
u
re,
”
IE
E
E
T
r
a
n
s
.
S
i
g
n
a
l
P
r
o
ce
s
s
,
v
o
l
.
5
5
,
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o
.
1
2
,
p
p
.
5
7
1
6
–
5
7
3
0
,
2
0
0
7
.
[9
]
X
.
S.
L
i
an
g
,
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.
P.
W
u
,
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.
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.
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.
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,
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.
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o
,
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J
i
n
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d
H
.
B.
Z
h
u
,
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u
t
a
g
e
Perfo
rman
ce
f
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r
Co
o
p
erat
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v
e
N
O
MA
T
ran
s
mi
s
s
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o
n
w
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t
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an
A
F
Rel
a
y
,
”
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E
E
Co
m
m
u
n
.
Let
t
.
,
v
o
l
.
2
1
,
n
o
.
1
1
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p
p
.
2
4
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8
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4
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1
,
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0
1
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[1
0
]
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.
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v
,
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.
Ch
en
,
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.
N
i
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an
d
Z
.
G
.
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i
n
g
,
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D
es
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p
erat
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v
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l
t
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ca
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t
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v
e
mu
l
t
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p
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acces
s
fo
r
5
g
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em
s
:
u
s
er
s
ch
e
d
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l
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d
p
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o
rma
n
ce
an
al
y
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s
,
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Tr
a
n
s
.
C
o
m
m
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.
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n
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v
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5
,
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.
6
,
p
p
.
2
6
4
1
–
2
6
5
6
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
1
]
Z
.
G
.
D
i
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,
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.
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g
,
P.
Z
.
Fan
,
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d
H
.
V
.
Po
o
r,
“
O
n
t
h
e
p
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o
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ce
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f
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o
n
-
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rt
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o
n
al
mu
l
t
i
p
l
e
acces
s
i
n
5
G
s
y
s
t
ems
w
i
t
h
ra
n
d
o
ml
y
d
ep
l
o
y
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u
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s
,
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o
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s
.
Let
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.
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ec.
,
v
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1
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1
2
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p
.
1
5
0
1
–
1
5
0
5
,
2
0
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4
.
[1
2
]
Z
.
D
i
n
g
,
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.
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ai
,
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d
H
.
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.
Po
o
r,
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Rel
ay
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ect
i
o
n
fo
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co
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p
era
t
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v
e
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M
A
,
”
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E
E
Co
m
m
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n
.
Let
t
.
A
u
g
.
,
v
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l
.
5
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
4
1
6
–
4
1
9
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
3
]
Z
.
Z
h
an
g
,
Z
.
Ma,
M.
X
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ao
,
Z
.
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i
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g
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an
d
P.
Fan
.
,
“
Fu
l
l
-
d
u
p
l
e
x
d
ev
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ce
-
to
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d
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v
i
ce
ai
d
e
d
co
o
p
erat
i
v
e
n
o
n
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rt
h
o
g
o
n
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mu
l
t
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acces
s
,
”
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Tr
a
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s
.
o
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c
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6
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5
,
p
p
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4
4
6
7
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4
7
1
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
4
]
J
.
G
o
n
g
an
d
X
.
Ch
en
,
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ch
i
ev
a
b
l
e
rat
e
reg
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o
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f
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n
-
o
rt
h
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g
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al
mu
l
t
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p
l
e
acces
s
s
y
s
t
em
s
w
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t
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w
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re
l
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p
o
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red
d
eco
d
er,
”
IE
E
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J.
S
el
.
A
r
ea
s
C
o
m
m
u
n
.
,
v
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l
.
3
5
,
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o
.
1
2
,
p
p
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2
8
4
6
–
2
8
5
9
,
D
ec.
2
0
1
7.
[1
5
]
Y
.
L
i
u
,
Z
.
D
i
n
g
,
M.
E
l
k
a
s
h
l
an
,
an
d
H
.
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.
Po
o
r,
“Co
o
p
erat
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v
e
n
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n
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rt
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g
o
n
al
m
u
l
t
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p
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e
acces
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w
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s
i
m
u
l
t
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eo
u
s
w
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re
l
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n
f
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rmat
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d
p
o
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ra
n
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fer,
”
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E
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J.
S
e
l
.
A
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ea
s
Co
m
m
u
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
3
4
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
9
3
8
–
9
5
3
,
A
p
r.
2
0
1
6
.
[1
6
]
D
i
n
h
-
T
h
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an
D
o
an
d
M.
-
S.
V
an
N
g
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e
n
,
"
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ev
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to
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d
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ce
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ran
s
m
i
s
s
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i
n
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et
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rk
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d
w
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t
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re
l
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s
Po
w
er
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ran
s
fer,
"
Co
m
p
u
t
er
Co
m
m
u
n
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c
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t
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o
n
s
,
V
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l
.
1
3
9
,
p
p
.
6
7
-
7
7
,
May
2
0
1
9
.
[1
7
]
D.
T
.
D
o
,
M.
V
aezi
an
d
T
.
L
.
N
g
u
y
en
,
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i
re
l
es
s
Po
w
ered
Co
o
p
erat
i
v
e
Rel
ay
i
n
g
u
s
i
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g
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O
MA
w
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t
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Imp
er
fect
CSI,
”
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r
o
c.
o
f
IE
E
E
G
l
o
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eco
m
W
o
r
ks
h
o
p
s
(
G
C
W
ks
h
p
s
),
A
b
u
D
h
a
b
i
,
U
A
E
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
8
]
D.
T
.
D
o
an
d
A
.
T
.
L
e,
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O
MA
b
as
e
d
co
g
n
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t
i
v
e
rel
ay
i
n
g
:
T
ran
s
cei
v
er
h
ard
w
are
i
mp
a
i
rmen
t
s
,
rel
ay
s
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l
ect
i
o
n
p
o
l
i
c
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es
an
d
o
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t
a
g
e
p
erfo
rma
n
ce
co
m
p
ari
s
o
n
,
”
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m
p
u
t
e
r
Co
m
m
u
n
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c
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t
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n
s
,
v
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l
.
1
4
6
,
p
p
.
1
4
4
-
1
5
4
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
9
]
S.
L
ee,
D
.
B.
d
a
Co
s
t
a,
Q
.
T
.
V
i
en
,
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.
Q
.
D
u
o
n
g
,
an
d
R.
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.
d
e
S
o
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s
a,
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o
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rt
h
o
g
o
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al
m
u
l
t
i
p
l
e
acces
s
s
c
h
e
mes
w
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h
p
ar
t
i
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l
rel
a
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s
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ec
t
i
o
n
,
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IE
T
C
o
m
m
u
n
.
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
8
4
6
–
8
5
4
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
0
]
S.
L
ee
,
D
.
B.
d
a
Co
s
t
a,
T
.
Q
.
D
u
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n
g
,
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u
t
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p
ro
b
a
b
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o
f
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n
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O
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h
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g
o
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al
Mu
l
t
i
p
l
e
A
cces
s
Sch
eme
s
w
i
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p
ar
t
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l
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ay
Sel
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t
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o
n
,
”
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r
o
c.
IE
E
E
P
IM
R
C
,
p
p
.
1
–
6
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
1
]
D
.
T
.
D
o
et
al
.
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i
rel
es
s
p
o
w
er
t
ran
s
fer
en
ab
l
ed
N
O
MA
rel
a
y
s
y
s
t
em
s
:
t
w
o
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mo
d
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al
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at
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o
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,
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LKO
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NIKA
Tel
e
c
o
m
m
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,
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o
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.
1
7
,
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.
6
,
p
p
.
2
6
9
7
-
2
7
0
3
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
2
]
D
i
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-
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o
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Ch
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.
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"
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o
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