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elec
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OM
N
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K
A
An optimiz
ed po
wer allo
ca
tion a
lg
o
rithm f
o
r
co
g
niti
v
e radio
NO
M
A
com
muni
ca
tion
M
a
da
n H
.
T
.
,
P
.
I
.
B
a
s
a
rk
o
d
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
REVA Un
iv
e
rsity
,
Be
n
g
a
l
u
ru
,
In
d
ia
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Sep
1
2
,
2
0
2
0
R
ev
is
ed
Ma
r
1
,
2
0
2
1
Acc
ep
ted
Ma
r
1
7
,
2
0
2
1
Th
e
p
rima
ry
o
b
jec
ti
v
e
o
f
c
o
g
n
it
i
v
e
ra
d
io
n
e
two
rk
is
t
o
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
ly
u
ti
li
z
e
th
e
u
n
u
se
d
sp
e
c
tru
m
b
a
n
d
s.
In
c
o
g
n
it
i
v
e
ra
d
i
o
n
e
two
rk
s,
sp
e
c
tru
m
sh
a
rin
g
b
e
twe
e
n
p
rima
ry
a
n
d
se
c
o
n
d
a
ry
u
se
rs
is
a
c
c
o
m
p
li
sh
e
d
u
sin
g
e
it
h
e
r
u
n
d
e
rlay
o
r
in
terw
e
a
v
e
c
o
g
n
i
ti
v
e
ra
d
io
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
.
No
n
o
rth
o
g
o
n
a
l
m
u
lt
i
p
le
a
c
c
e
ss
(
NO
M
A
)
is
th
e
p
r
o
v
e
n
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
in
th
e
p
re
se
n
t
wire
les
s
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
ts,
wh
ich
a
ll
o
ws
t
h
e
c
o
e
x
isten
c
e
o
f
m
u
lt
ip
le
u
se
rs
in
th
e
sa
m
e
o
r
th
o
g
o
n
a
l
b
lo
c
k
.
Th
e
n
e
w
p
a
ra
d
i
g
m
c
o
g
n
it
i
v
e
r
a
d
io
NO
M
A
(CR
-
NO
M
A)
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
ten
ti
a
l
so
lu
ti
o
n
s
to
fu
lfi
ll
th
e
d
e
m
a
n
d
s
o
f
fu
tu
re
wire
les
s
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
.
Th
is
p
a
p
e
r
e
m
p
h
a
siz
e
s
o
n
p
ra
c
ti
c
a
l
imp
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
NO
M
A
in
c
o
g
n
it
iv
e
ra
d
io
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
t
o
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
th
e
sp
e
c
tral
e
fficie
n
c
y
.
Th
e
g
o
a
l
is
t
o
i
n
c
re
a
se
th
e
th
ro
u
g
h
p
u
t
o
f
th
e
se
c
o
n
d
a
ry
u
se
rs
sa
ti
sfy
in
g
th
e
q
u
a
li
ty
o
f
se
rv
i
c
e
(
QOS
)
re
q
u
irem
e
n
ts
o
f
p
r
ima
ry
u
se
rs.
To
a
c
h
iev
e
th
is
,
we
h
a
v
e
p
re
se
n
ted
th
e
o
p
ti
m
ize
d
p
o
we
r
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
str
a
teg
y
fo
r
u
n
d
e
rlay
d
o
wn
li
n
k
sc
e
n
a
rio
to
su
p
p
o
rt
th
e
sim
u
lt
a
n
e
o
u
s
tran
s
m
issio
n
o
f
p
rima
ry
a
n
d
se
c
o
n
d
a
ry
u
se
rs.
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u
rth
e
rm
o
re
,
we
h
a
v
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
QO
S
b
a
se
d
p
o
we
r
a
l
lo
c
a
ti
o
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
fo
r
CR
-
NO
M
A
in
terw
e
a
v
e
m
o
d
e
l
to
su
p
p
o
rt
th
e
c
o
e
x
isten
c
e
o
f
m
u
lt
i
p
le
se
c
o
n
d
a
ry
n
e
two
r
k
s.
Als
o
,
t
h
e
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
a
d
o
p
ted
i
n
im
p
lem
e
n
ti
n
g
su
p
e
rp
o
siti
o
n
c
o
d
in
g
(S
C)
a
n
d
s
u
c
c
e
ss
iv
e
in
terfe
re
n
c
e
c
a
n
c
e
ll
a
ti
o
n
(S
IC)
fo
r
CR
-
NO
M
A
a
re
h
i
g
h
li
g
h
ted
.
F
in
a
ll
y
,
sim
u
latio
n
re
su
l
ts
v
a
li
d
a
te
t
h
e
m
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
a
l
e
x
p
re
ss
io
n
s
th
a
t
a
re
d
e
riv
e
d
fo
r
p
o
we
r
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
c
o
e
fficie
n
t
a
n
d
o
u
tag
e
p
ro
b
a
b
il
i
ty
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
C
o
g
n
itiv
e
r
ad
io
I
n
ter
wea
v
e
s
h
ar
in
g
NOM
A
Su
cc
ess
iv
e
-
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
ca
n
ce
llatio
n
Su
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
-
c
o
d
in
g
Un
d
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lay
s
h
ar
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h
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s
a
n
o
p
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n
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c
c
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ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
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r
th
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CC B
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SA
li
c
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se
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C
o
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r
e
s
p
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A
uth
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r
:
Ma
d
an
H.
T
.
Sch
o
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l o
f
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lectr
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ics an
d
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o
m
m
u
n
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g
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ee
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Un
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s
ity
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en
g
alu
r
u
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n
d
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m
ail:
m
ad
an
h
t@
r
ev
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u
.
in
1.
I
NT
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D
UCT
I
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v
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in
cr
ea
s
in
g
d
em
an
d
f
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wir
eless
m
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co
m
m
u
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tio
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r
esu
lted
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s
h
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tag
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at,
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u
m
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C
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As
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ter
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IEEE
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ely
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ased
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[
1
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,
[
2
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:
u
n
d
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lay
a
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d
in
ter
wea
v
e
m
o
d
es.
I
n
th
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it
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T
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ca
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r
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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KOM
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p
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q
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th
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later
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wh
ite
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th
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wh
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y
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OM
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in
p
o
wer
d
o
m
ain
o
r
c
o
d
e
d
o
m
ai
n
.
Sin
ce
we
a
r
e
ass
o
ciatin
g
N
OM
A
with
C
R
,
p
o
wer
d
iv
is
io
n
m
u
ltip
le
ac
ce
s
s
is
ex
p
lo
r
ed
in
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
wo
r
k
.
Z
h
a
n
ji
et
a
l.
[
4
]
h
av
e
b
r
ief
ed
ab
o
u
t
v
ar
io
u
s
ex
is
tin
g
NO
MA
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies,
ch
allen
g
es
f
o
r
f
u
t
u
r
e
wir
eles
s
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
I
n
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
,
au
th
o
r
s
ha
ve
r
ev
iewe
d
p
o
ten
tial
c
h
allen
g
es
in
p
o
wer
d
o
m
ain
NOM
A
wh
ich
u
s
es
S
C
at
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itter
en
d
an
d
SIC
at
th
e
r
ec
e
p
tio
n
en
d
.
R
ef
er
en
ce
[
7
]
g
i
v
es
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
s
tr
a
teg
ies
f
o
r
NOM
A
a
p
p
licab
le
t
o
5
G
m
o
b
ile
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
.
C
R
-
NOM
A
with
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
wir
eless
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
an
d
p
o
wer
tr
a
n
s
f
er
(
SW
I
PT
)
is
s
tu
d
ied
in
[
8
]
to
war
d
s
t
h
e
m
ax
im
izatio
n
o
f
en
er
g
y
e
f
f
icie
n
cy
.
I
n
th
e
s
u
r
v
ey
liter
atu
r
e
[
9
],
T
h
ak
u
r
et
a
l.
h
av
e
p
r
esen
ted
t
h
e
ex
is
tin
g
c
h
allen
g
es
an
d
g
a
p
s
in
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
NOM
A
with
co
g
n
itiv
e
r
ad
io
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
Vae
zi
et
a
l.
[
1
0
]
h
as
id
en
tifie
d
an
d
clar
if
ied
co
m
m
o
n
m
y
th
s
ab
o
u
t
NOM
A
p
er
tain
in
g
to
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
an
d
d
ec
o
d
in
g
o
r
d
er
in
s
u
cc
ess
iv
e
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
ca
n
ce
llatio
n
.
I
n
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
NOM
A
[
11
]
-
[1
3
]
,
h
i
g
h
est
p
o
wer
allo
tted
to
th
e
u
s
er
with
p
o
o
r
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
to
m
ain
tain
th
e
f
air
n
ess
.
B
u
t in
C
R
-
NOM
A
u
n
d
er
lay
m
o
d
el,
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
d
o
n
e
b
ased
on
q
u
ality
o
f
s
er
v
ice
(
QOS
)
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
n
e
two
r
k
.
I
n
in
ter
wea
v
e
m
o
d
el,
we
n
ee
d
to
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
QOS
r
ates o
f
all
th
e
p
ar
tici
p
atin
g
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
o
f
o
u
r
wo
r
k
a
r
e
lis
ted
h
er
e:
−
W
e
h
av
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le
C
R
-
NOM
A
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
f
o
r
u
n
d
er
lay
an
d
i
n
ter
wea
v
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
−
An
aly
tical
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
o
r
p
o
wer
allo
ca
ti
o
n
co
ef
f
icien
t
to
m
a
x
im
ize
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
in
cu
m
b
en
t u
s
er
s
with
m
in
im
u
m
r
eq
u
i
r
ed
QOS
r
ates.
−
T
h
is
wo
r
k
an
aly
s
es
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
NOM
A
in
co
g
n
itiv
e
r
ad
io
n
etwo
r
k
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
an
d
f
air
n
ess
in
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
with
N
OM
A.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
p
ap
er
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
a
f
o
llo
win
g
way
:
Un
d
er
lay
an
d
in
te
r
wea
v
e
C
R
-
NOM
A
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
th
e
s
ec
tio
n
2
.
Su
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
co
d
in
g
an
d
in
ter
f
e
r
en
ce
ca
n
ce
llatio
n
f
o
r
C
R
-
NOM
A
is
also
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
in
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
.
Ma
th
em
atica
l
m
o
d
ellin
g
is
d
er
iv
ed
f
o
r
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
y
f
o
r
b
o
th
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
1
a
n
d
2
,
wh
ich
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
e
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
Mo
r
eo
v
e
r
,
we
h
a
v
e
d
er
i
v
ed
t
h
e
o
p
tim
al
v
alu
es
o
f
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
co
ef
f
icien
ts
to
m
ax
im
ize
th
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
QOS
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
th
e
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
Simu
latio
n
an
d
n
u
m
er
ical
r
esu
lts
ar
e
p
lo
tted
in
th
e
s
ec
tio
n
4
.
C
o
n
clu
s
io
n
r
em
ar
k
s
ar
e
g
iv
en
in
th
e
s
ec
tio
n
5
.
2.
CR
-
NO
M
A
SY
ST
E
M
M
O
D
E
L
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el,
C
R
-
NOM
A
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
p
o
wer
d
o
m
ain
NOM
A,
th
r
o
u
g
h
wh
ich
QOS
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
o
f
p
r
im
a
r
y
u
s
er
s
ca
n
b
e
s
tr
ictly
m
et
a
n
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
o
f
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
u
s
er
s
ca
n
b
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
to
b
est
p
o
s
s
ib
le
ex
ten
t.
W
e
h
av
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
two
C
R
-
NOM
A
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
:
Un
d
er
la
y
C
R
-
NOM
A
m
o
d
el
an
d
in
ter
wea
v
e
C
R
-
NOM
A
m
o
d
el.
I
n
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
1
,
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
f
ac
to
r
is
o
p
r
im
ize
d
to
m
ax
im
ize
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t.
I
n
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
2
,
p
o
wer
a
llo
ca
tio
n
f
ac
to
r
is
o
p
tim
ized
to
s
atis
f
y
th
e
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
s
e
co
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
2
.
1
.
F
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
1
:
Underla
y
m
o
del
I
n
th
is
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
,
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
u
s
er
s
co
ex
is
t
with
p
r
im
a
r
y
u
s
er
s
an
d
p
r
o
tectio
n
to
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
s
is
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
b
y
lim
itin
g
th
e
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
s
to
ce
r
tain
lev
el.
Pre
s
u
m
p
tio
n
s
f
o
r
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
1
a
r
e:
i)
PU
an
d
SU
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
ar
e
well
co
o
r
d
in
ate
d
an
d
s
itu
ated
in
th
e
n
ea
r
b
y
p
lace
s
.
ii)
T
r
a
n
s
m
itter
is
eq
u
ip
p
e
d
with
SC
an
d
SIC
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
.
iii)
B
o
th
p
r
im
ar
y
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
u
s
er
s
ar
e
e
q
u
ip
p
ed
with
SIC
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
d
ep
icts
th
e
co
ex
is
ten
ce
o
f
n
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
s
an
d
n
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
u
s
er
s
wh
er
e
NOM
A
is
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
.
2
.
2
.
F
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
2
:
I
nte
rwe
a
v
e
m
o
del
Fra
m
ewo
r
k
2
is
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
in
ter
wea
v
e
m
o
d
e
l
wh
er
ein
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
wh
ite
s
p
ac
es
ar
e
id
en
tifie
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
s
en
s
in
g
an
d
SU’
s
ar
e
allo
wed
to
tr
an
s
m
it
th
eir
d
ata
in
th
e
id
en
tifie
d
s
lo
ts
.
T
h
is
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
(
Fig
u
r
e
2
)
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
th
e
co
e
x
is
ten
ce
o
f
m
u
ltip
l
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
Pre
s
u
m
p
tio
n
s
f
o
r
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
2
ar
e:
i)
First
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
h
o
les a
r
e
id
en
tifie
d
u
s
in
g
co
o
p
e
r
ativ
e
s
en
s
in
g
,
wh
er
e
f
u
s
io
n
ce
n
ter
m
ak
es th
e
d
ec
is
io
n
an
d
m
ain
tain
s
th
e
a
v
ailab
ilit
y
s
tatu
s
o
f
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
b
a
n
d
s
;
ii)
T
r
an
s
m
itter
m
u
s
t
b
e
lo
ca
ted
a
t
th
e
f
u
s
io
n
ce
n
ter
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t 2
0
2
1
:
1
0
6
6
-
1
0
7
7
1068
an
d
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
o
f
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
ar
e
lo
ca
ted
n
ea
r
er
to
f
u
s
io
n
ce
n
ter
;
an
d
iii)
S
U
1
an
d
SU
2
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
o
r
d
i
n
ated
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
u
p
e
r
p
o
s
itio
n
c
o
d
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itter
lo
ca
ted
in
th
e
f
u
s
io
n
ce
n
ter
.
I
t m
u
s
t b
e
n
o
ted
th
a
t,
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
h
a
n
d
-
o
f
f
is
m
an
ag
ed
b
y
f
u
s
io
n
ce
n
ter
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
R
-
NOM
A
u
n
d
er
la
y
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
R
-
NOM
A
in
ter
wea
v
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
2
.
3
.
SC a
nd
SI
C
f
o
r
CR
-
NO
M
A
2
.
3
.
1
.
Do
wnlin
k
s
ce
na
rio
T
h
e
d
o
wn
lin
k
s
ce
n
ar
io
a
r
e:
a.
C
o
d
ed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
B
S1
an
d
B
S2
ar
e
co
m
b
in
e
d
at
FC
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
Su
p
e
r
p
o
s
itio
n
c
o
d
ed
s
ig
n
al.
b.
Po
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
is
d
o
n
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
QOS
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
o
f
n
etwo
r
k
1
an
d
2
.
c.
At
u
s
er
1
,
u
s
er
2
s
ig
n
al
is
d
ec
o
d
ed
f
ir
s
t b
y
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
u
s
er
1
’
s
s
ig
n
al
as in
ter
f
er
en
ce
a
n
d
th
e
n
u
s
er
1
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
ex
tr
ac
ted
b
y
s
u
b
tr
ac
tin
g
u
s
er
2
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al.
d.
At
u
s
er
2
,
s
ig
n
al
is
ex
tr
ac
tin
g
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
u
s
er
1
’
s
s
ig
n
al
as in
ter
f
er
en
ce
.
2
.
3
.
2
.
Uplin
k
s
ce
na
rio
T
h
e
up
lin
k
s
ce
n
ar
io
a
r
e:
a.
Mu
ltip
le
p
r
im
ar
y
a
n
d
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
u
s
er
s
tr
an
s
m
it th
eir
s
ig
n
al
i
n
th
e
s
am
e
o
r
t
h
o
g
o
n
al
b
lo
c
k
t
o
war
d
s
th
e
f
u
s
io
n
ce
n
ter
.
b.
Po
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
is
d
o
n
e
in
th
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
wa
y
b
ased
o
n
th
ei
r
ch
an
n
el
g
ain
.
c.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
ce
iv
er
at
FC
r
ec
eiv
es th
e
s
u
p
er
im
p
o
s
ed
(
Yu
)
s
ig
n
al
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
u
s
er
s
.
d.
SIC is
ad
o
p
ted
to
r
ec
o
v
er
th
e
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
s
ig
n
als:
−
Ar
r
an
g
e
th
e
u
s
er
s
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
to
th
eir
r
ec
eiv
ed
p
o
wer
i
n
d
esce
n
d
in
g
o
r
d
er
.
−
User
1
s
ig
n
al
is
d
ec
o
d
ed
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
all
o
th
e
r
s
ig
n
als as in
ter
f
er
en
ce
−
Su
b
tr
ac
t th
e
d
ec
o
d
ed
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ec
eiv
e
d
s
ig
n
al
(
Y
u
)
,
y
ield
s
(
Y
1u
).
−
Dec
o
d
e
u
s
er
2
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
Y
1u
as d
o
n
e
in
th
e
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
tep
.
−
Pro
ce
s
s
is
co
n
tin
u
ed
u
n
til th
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
o
f
all
u
s
er
’
s
s
ig
n
als.
3.
P
O
WE
R
AL
L
O
CA
T
I
O
N
O
P
T
I
M
I
Z
AT
I
O
N
Ou
r
r
esear
ch
wo
r
k
em
p
h
asis
o
n
p
r
ac
tical
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
NOM
A
in
co
g
n
it
iv
e
r
ad
io
n
etwo
r
k
s
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
th
e
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
p
r
im
ar
y
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
s
a
n
d
also
s
elf
-
c
o
e
x
is
ten
ce
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
NOM
A
ca
n
b
e
im
p
lem
en
te
d
in
m
an
y
way
s
s
u
ch
as
p
o
wer
d
o
m
ain
,
an
d
co
d
e
d
o
m
ain
.
Sin
ce
we
ar
e
ad
o
p
tin
g
p
o
wer
d
o
m
ain
NOM
A,
th
e
m
ajo
r
ch
a
llen
g
e
lies
in
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
p
o
we
r
am
o
n
g
th
e
u
s
er
s
.
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
wo
r
k
,
we
h
av
e
p
r
esen
te
d
m
ath
em
ati
ca
l
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
o
p
tim
al
p
o
we
r
allo
ca
tio
n
f
o
r
b
o
th
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
1
an
d
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
2
.
3
.
1
.
P
o
wer
a
llo
ca
t
io
n f
o
r
f
ra
m
ewo
rk
1
in do
wnlin
k
s
ce
na
rio
Fra
m
ewo
r
k
1
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
PU
n
etwo
r
k
an
d
SU
n
etwo
r
k
in
u
n
d
er
lay
m
o
d
e.
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
th
is
d
esig
n
is
to
m
ax
im
ize
th
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
o
f
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
n
etwo
r
k
with
o
u
t
d
en
y
in
g
th
e
QOS
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
o
f
p
r
im
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
.
W
e
h
av
e
s
elec
ted
th
e
d
o
w
n
lin
k
s
ce
n
ar
io
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
)
wh
er
ein
a
p
r
im
a
r
y
n
etwo
r
k
a
n
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
co
o
r
d
i
n
ate
with
a
f
u
s
io
n
ce
n
ter
(
tr
an
s
m
itter
)
to
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
th
e
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
co
d
ed
s
ig
n
al
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
s
ig
n
al
af
ter
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
co
d
in
g
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as (
1
)
;
=
√
+
√
̅
(
1
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
A
n
o
p
timiz
ed
p
o
w
er a
llo
ca
tio
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
fo
r
co
g
n
itive
r
a
d
i
o
N
OMA
co
mmu
n
ica
tio
n
(
Ma
d
a
n
H.
T.
)
1069
x
p
is
p
r
im
ar
y
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
ig
n
al,
x
s
is
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
ig
n
al,
ρ
is
th
e
to
tal
tr
an
s
m
i
t
SNR
an
d
α
+
̅
=1
,
wh
er
e
α
is
th
e
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
co
ef
f
icien
t.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Fra
m
ewo
r
k
1
d
o
w
n
lin
k
s
ce
n
ar
io
f
o
r
two
u
s
er
s
3
.
1
.
1
.
Dec
o
din
g
a
t
prima
ry
u
s
er
s
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
s
is
th
e
co
m
b
in
ed
s
i
g
n
al,
wh
ich
ca
n
b
e
e
x
p
r
ess
ed
as (
2
)
;
=
ℎ
+
(
2
)
wh
er
e
,
h
p
is
th
e
ch
an
n
el
g
ain
b
etwe
en
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
an
d
tr
a
n
s
m
itter
.
W
p
i
s
th
e
ad
d
itiv
e
w
h
ite
Gau
s
s
ian
n
o
is
e
at
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
.
=
ℎ
(
√
+
√
̅
)
+
(
3
)
Prim
ar
y
u
s
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
d
ec
o
d
in
g
o
f
SU’
s
s
ig
n
al
f
ir
s
t
b
y
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
PU’
s
s
ig
n
al
as
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
an
d
th
en
d
ec
o
d
es
its
o
wn
s
ig
n
al
b
y
s
u
b
tr
ac
tin
g
SU’
s
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
co
m
b
in
ed
s
ig
n
al
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
SNR
f
o
r
d
ec
o
d
in
g
SU’
s
s
ig
n
al
at
PU is
g
iv
en
b
y
;
=
̅
|
ℎ
|
2
1
+
|
ℎ
|
2
=
̅
1
+
(
4
)
Sig
n
al
f
r
o
m
SU
d
o
es
n
o
t
in
t
er
f
er
e
with
p
r
im
a
r
y
u
s
er
s
ig
n
al,
s
o
t
h
e
r
esu
ltan
t
s
ig
n
al
y
p
af
ter
s
u
b
tr
ac
tin
g
d
ec
o
d
ed
SU’
s
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
is
;
=
ℎ
(
√
)
+
(
5
)
At
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
’
s
s
id
e,
r
es
u
ltan
t SNR
f
o
r
d
ec
o
d
i
n
g
PU’
s
s
ig
n
al
is
;
=
|
ℎ
|
2
=
(
6
)
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
ac
h
i
ev
ab
le
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t f
o
r
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
ca
n
b
e
f
o
r
m
u
lated
as
;
=
l
og
2
(
1
+
)
=
l
og
2
(
1
+
)
(
7
)
3
.
1
.
2
.
Dec
o
din
g
a
t
s
ec
o
nd
a
ry
us
er
s
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
co
d
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
is
wr
itten
as
;
=
ℎ
(
√
+
√
̅
)
+
(
8
)
I
t
m
u
s
t
b
e
n
o
ted
th
at,
SIC
o
r
d
er
n
ee
d
n
o
t
to
b
e
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
o
n
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
o
wer
allo
ca
ted
to
u
s
er
[
1
0
]
.
Seco
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
s
d
ec
o
d
e
th
eir
s
ig
n
al
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
i
n
g
PU’
s
s
ig
n
al
as
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
.
Du
e
to
th
is
,
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
p
r
im
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
ac
ts
as
n
o
is
e/in
ter
f
er
en
ce
f
o
r
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
ig
n
al.
T
h
u
s
,
SNR
f
o
r
d
ec
o
d
in
g
SU’
s
s
ig
n
al
at
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
s
id
e
c
an
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
;
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t 2
0
2
1
:
1
0
6
6
-
1
0
7
7
1070
=
̅
|
ℎ
|
2
1
+
|
ℎ
|
2
=
̅
1
+
(
9
)
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
ac
h
i
ev
ab
le
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t f
o
r
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
u
s
er
s
in
d
o
wn
lin
k
s
ce
n
ar
i
o
is
;
=
l
og
2
(
1
+
)
=
l
og
2
(
1
+
̅
1
+
)
(
1
0
)
T
h
e
to
tal
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
d
o
wn
lin
k
C
R
-
NOM
A
f
o
r
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
1
ca
n
b
e
f
o
r
m
u
lated
as
;
=
l
og
2
(
1
+
)
+
l
og
2
(
1
+
̅
1
+
)
(
1
1
)
3
.
1
.
3
.
O
ptim
iza
t
io
n o
f
po
we
r
a
llo
ca
t
io
n c
o
e
f
f
icient
(
α
)
f
o
r
f
ra
m
ewo
rk
1
C
o
n
v
en
tio
n
ally
NOM
A
allo
ca
tes
m
o
r
e
p
o
wer
to
th
e
u
s
er
s
with
p
o
o
r
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
I
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
n
o
ted
th
at,
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
n
ee
d
n
o
t
to
b
e
d
ep
en
d
en
t
o
n
ly
o
n
ch
an
n
el
g
ain
,
it
d
e
p
en
d
s
th
e
tar
g
eted
o
b
jectiv
e.
I
n
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
1
,
th
e
g
o
al
is
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
o
f
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
p
r
o
tectin
g
th
e
QOS
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
e
d
as:
α
=
(
)
.
>
̅
̅
̅
̅
(
1
2
)
wh
er
e
,
̅
̅
̅
̅
is
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
QOS
r
ate
r
eq
u
i
r
ed
f
o
r
p
r
im
ar
y
n
et
wo
r
k
.
T
o
s
atis
f
y
th
e
ab
o
v
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
t,
we
m
u
s
t
h
av
e:
l
og
2
(
1
+
)
≥
̅
̅
̅
̅
(
1
3
)
T
h
e
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
co
e
f
f
icie
n
t
α
m
u
s
t b
e
;
≥
2
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
−
1
≥
̿
,
whe
r
e
̿
=
2
̅
̅
̅
̅
−
1
(
1
4
)
=
̿
(
1
4
)
is
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
p
o
we
r
th
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
allo
ca
te
d
to
p
r
im
ar
y
s
ig
n
al
to
m
ain
tain
i
ts
QOS
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
.
T
o
s
atis
f
y
th
e
to
tal
p
o
wer
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
(
1
)
,
we
m
u
s
t w
r
ite
;
̅
=
1
−
=
1
−
̿
(
1
5
)
̅
=
1
−
̿
(
1
5
)
is
th
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
p
o
wer
t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
allo
ca
ted
t
o
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
an
d
it
is
th
e
o
p
tim
al
v
alu
e
o
f
p
o
wer
at
wh
ich
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
g
ets
m
ax
im
u
m
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
m
ee
tin
g
th
e
Q
OS
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
n
etwo
r
k
.
Gen
er
a
lly
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
s
r
eq
u
i
r
e
less
d
ata
r
ate
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
s
,
it
is
p
r
ac
tical
to
o
p
e
r
ate
p
r
im
ar
y
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
s
in
th
e
s
am
e
o
r
th
o
g
o
n
al
b
l
o
ck
.
3
.
2
.
P
o
wer
a
llo
ca
t
io
n f
o
r
f
ra
m
ewo
rk
2
in do
wnlin
k
s
ce
na
rio
Fra
m
ewo
r
k
2
d
ep
icts
th
e
c
o
ex
is
ten
ce
o
f
two
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
m
u
lticast
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
wh
er
e
i
n
p
r
im
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
ca
n
tr
an
s
m
it
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
with
o
u
t
an
y
in
ter
f
e
r
en
ce
a
n
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
m
u
s
t
tr
an
s
m
it
in
th
e
f
r
ee
s
lo
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
t
i
m
e
f
r
am
e
wh
er
e
s
lo
t1
in
d
ica
tes
th
e
PU
b
u
s
y
s
tate
an
d
s
l
o
t3
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
Sp
ec
tr
u
m
wh
ites
p
ac
es
ar
e
id
e
n
tifie
d
u
s
in
g
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
s
en
s
in
g
[
1
6]
,
[
1
7
]
an
d
f
u
s
io
n
ce
n
ter
m
ain
tain
s
th
e
d
atab
ase
o
n
av
ailab
le
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
b
an
d
s
.
Sam
e
f
u
s
io
n
ce
n
ter
u
s
ed
f
o
r
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
s
en
s
in
g
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
tr
an
s
m
i
t th
e
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
co
d
ed
s
ig
n
al
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
im
e
Fra
m
e
-
in
ter
we
av
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
s
h
ar
i
n
g
in
c
o
g
n
it
iv
e
r
ad
io
n
etwo
r
k
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
A
n
o
p
timiz
ed
p
o
w
er a
llo
ca
tio
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
fo
r
co
g
n
itive
r
a
d
i
o
N
OMA
co
mmu
n
ica
tio
n
(
Ma
d
a
n
H.
T.
)
1071
T
h
e
co
d
e
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
tw
o
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
ar
e
ad
d
ed
u
p
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
SC
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itter
lo
ca
ted
in
th
e
f
u
s
io
n
ce
n
ter
(
Fig
u
r
e
5
)
.
T
h
e
s
u
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
co
d
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itter
ca
n
b
e
m
o
d
elled
as
;
=
√
1
+
√
̅
2
(
1
6
)
wh
er
e
,
x
s1
is
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etw
o
r
k
1
(
SN1
)
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
ig
n
al,
x
s2
is
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
n
etwo
r
k
2
(
SN2
)
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
ig
n
al
an
d
p
o
wer
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
α
+
̅
=1
.
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
u
s
er
s
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
1
ca
n
b
e
wr
itten
as
;
1
=
ℎ
1
(
√
1
+
√
̅
2
)
+
1
(
1
7
)
wh
er
e
,
h
s1
is
th
e
c
h
an
n
el
g
ain
b
etwe
en
SN1
u
s
er
an
d
tr
an
s
m
itter
.
W
s1
is
th
e
ad
d
itiv
e
wh
ite
Gau
s
s
ian
n
o
is
e
at
th
e
SN1
u
s
er
.
At
SN1
u
s
er
,
f
i
r
s
t
SN2
s
ig
n
al
is
d
ec
o
d
ed
an
d
th
en
SN1
s
ig
n
al
is
ex
tr
ac
ted
b
y
s
u
b
tr
ac
tin
g
SN2
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
a
l.
T
h
u
s
,
d
ec
o
d
in
g
o
f
SN1
s
ig
n
al
d
o
es n
o
t f
ac
e
th
e
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
f
r
o
m
SN2
s
ig
n
al.
C
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
SNR
is
g
iv
en
b
y
;
1
=
|
ℎ
1
|
2
=
1
(
1
8
)
T
h
e
ac
h
iev
ab
le
d
ata
r
ate
f
o
r
S
N1
ca
n
b
e
ca
lc
u
lated
b
y
;
1
=
l
og
2
(
1
+
1
)
(
1
9
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Fra
m
ewo
r
k
2
d
o
w
n
lin
k
s
ce
n
ar
io
f
o
r
two
u
s
er
s
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
u
s
er
s
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
2
ca
n
b
e
wr
itten
as
;
2
=
ℎ
2
(
√
1
+
√
̅
2
)
+
2
(
2
0
)
wh
er
e
,
h
s2
is
th
e
c
h
an
n
el
g
ain
b
etwe
en
SN2
u
s
er
an
d
tr
an
s
m
itter
.
W
s2
is
th
e
ad
d
itiv
e
wh
ite
Gau
s
s
ian
n
o
is
e
at
th
e
SN2
u
s
er
.
At
th
e
SN2
u
s
e
r
,
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
d
ec
o
d
e
d
d
ir
e
ctly
f
r
o
m
SC
s
ig
n
al
b
y
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
SN1
s
ig
n
al
as
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
.
T
h
u
s
,
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
SNR
ca
n
b
e
wr
itt
en
as
;
2
=
̅
|
ℎ
2
|
2
1
+
|
ℎ
2
|
2
=
̅
2
1
+
2
(
2
1
)
T
h
e
ac
h
iev
ab
le
d
ata
r
ate
f
o
r
S
N2
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
;
2
=
l
og
2
(
1
+
̅
2
1
+
2
)
(
2
2
)
T
h
e
to
tal
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
d
o
wn
lin
k
C
R
-
NOM
A
f
o
r
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
2
ca
n
b
e
f
o
r
m
u
lated
as
;
=
l
og
2
(
1
+
1
)
+
l
og
2
(
1
+
̅
2
1
+
2
)
(
2
3
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t 2
0
2
1
:
1
0
6
6
-
1
0
7
7
1072
3
.
2
.
1
.
O
ptim
iza
t
io
n o
f
po
we
r
a
llo
ca
t
io
n c
o
e
f
f
icient
(
α
)
f
o
r
f
ra
m
ewo
rk
2
I
n
th
e
co
ex
is
ten
ce
o
f
two
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
it
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
m
ee
t
th
e
QOS
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
b
o
th
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
Say
,
1
̅
̅
̅
̅
,
2
̅
̅
̅
̅
ar
e
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
QOS
r
ates
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
SN1
an
d
SN2
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
W
e
m
u
s
t
f
in
d
th
e
o
p
tim
al
v
alu
e
o
f
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
co
ef
f
icien
t
to
m
ee
t
th
e
r
eq
u
i
r
em
en
ts
o
f
th
e
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
n
etwo
r
k
s
[
1
8
]
.
=
(
)
.
1
≥
1
̅
̅
̅
̅
&
2
≥
2
̅
̅
̅
̅
(
2
4
)
T
o
s
atis
f
y
th
e
ab
o
v
e
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
we
m
u
s
t h
av
e
;
l
og
2
(
1
+
1
)
≥
1
̅
̅
̅
̅
(
2
5
)
l
og
2
(
1
+
̅
2
1
+
2
)
≥
2
̅
̅
̅
̅
(
2
6
)
T
h
e
s
im
p
lific
atio
n
o
f
th
e
ab
o
v
e
th
e
(
2
5
)
an
d
(
2
6
)
,
y
iel
d
s
to
≥
2
1
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
−
1
1
≥
̿
1
1
(
2
7
)
wh
er
e
,
̿
1
=
2
1
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
−
1
an
d
(
2
7
)
g
i
v
es
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
v
alu
e
o
f
α
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
to
s
atis
f
y
th
e
QOS
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
1
.
≤
2
−
̿
2
2
(
1
+
̿
2
)
(
2
8
)
h
er
e
,
̿
2
=
2
2
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
−
1
an
d
(
2
8
)
g
iv
es
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
v
alu
e
o
f
α
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
to
s
atis
f
y
th
e
QOS
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
2
.
Fro
m
(
2
7
)
a
n
d
(
2
8
)
,
o
p
tim
al
v
alu
e
o
f
α
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
to
m
ee
t
th
e
QOS
r
ate
s
1
̅
̅
̅
̅
an
d
2
̅
̅
̅
̅
lies
in
th
e
in
ter
v
al
(
2
9
)
.
̿
1
1
≤
≤
2
−
̿
2
2
(
1
+
̿
2
)
(
2
9
)
B
y
ex
am
in
in
g
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
(
2
3
)
an
d
(
2
9
)
in
ca
s
e
o
f
|
ℎ
1
|
≥
|
ℎ
2
|
,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
clu
d
ed
t
h
at
th
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
o
cc
u
r
s
at
m
a
x
im
u
m
v
alu
e
o
f
α
(
2
8
)
.
=
2
−
̿
2
2
(
1
+
̿
2
)
(
3
0
)
Alg
o
r
ith
m
1
:
Po
wer
all
o
ca
tio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
m
ax
im
ize
o
v
er
al
l th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
Inputs:
|
ℎ
|
,
|
ℎ
|
,
|
ℎ
1
|
,
|
ℎ
2
|
, and
̅
̅
̅
̅
,
̅
̅
̅
,
1
̅
̅
̅
̅
,
2
̅
̅
̅
̅
Initialization:
Framework1 R1 =
R
P
̅
̅
̅
̅
; R2 =
R
s
̅
̅
̅
Framework2 R1 =
R
s1
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
; R2 =
R
s2
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
Constraint: (R1 + R2) < R
Total
Calculation of power allocation coefficient:
Framework1
=
1
−
̿
|
ℎ
|
2
Framework2
•
Find
1
=
2
1
̅
̅
̅
̅
−
1
|
ℎ
1
|
2
•
Find
2
=
|
ℎ
2
|
2
−
̿
2
|
ℎ
2
|
2
(
1
+
̿
2
)
where
̿
2
=
2
R
2
−
1
•
=
(
1
,
2
)
•
=
(
1
,
2
)
if (
|
ℎ
1
|
>
|
ℎ
2
|
)
=
else
=
Maximum overall throughput satisfying the QOS constraint:
=
lo
g
2
(
1
+
1
)
+
lo
g
2
(
1
+
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
̅
2
1
+
2
)
where
1
=
|
ℎ
1
|
2
,
2
=
|
ℎ
2
|
2
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
A
n
o
p
timiz
ed
p
o
w
er a
llo
ca
tio
n
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
fo
r
co
g
n
itive
r
a
d
i
o
N
OMA
co
mmu
n
ica
tio
n
(
Ma
d
a
n
H.
T.
)
1073
3
.
3
.
Cha
nn
el
m
o
dellin
g
a
nd
o
uta
g
e
pro
ba
bil
it
y
a
na
ly
s
is
If
ch
a
n
n
el
c
o
n
d
itio
n
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
is
n
o
t
ab
le
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
t
h
e
d
e
s
ir
ed
r
ate,
th
e
n
th
e
r
e
will
b
e
o
u
tag
e.
I
t
is
n
o
t
alwa
y
s
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
d
esire
d
Qo
S
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
f
ad
in
g
ch
a
n
n
el.
W
e
h
a
v
e
tak
en
u
n
d
er
la
y
co
g
n
itiv
e
r
ad
io
c
o
m
m
u
n
ic
atio
n
f
o
r
d
o
w
n
lin
k
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
an
aly
s
is
.
R
P
̅
̅
̅
̅
an
d
R
s
̅
̅
̅
ar
e
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
r
at
es
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
f
o
r
p
r
im
ar
y
a
n
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Pro
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
o
u
tag
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
t
o
p
r
im
a
r
y
n
etwo
r
k
u
s
er
is
:
P
=
P
(
C
p
x
s
<
R
s
̅
̅
̅
∪
C
p
x
p
<
R
p
̅
̅
̅
̅
)
(
3
1
)
wh
er
e
C
p
x
is
ac
h
iev
ab
le
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
th
e
PU f
o
r
d
ec
o
d
in
g
t
h
e
s
ig
n
al
x
.
T
h
is
f
ir
s
t c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
ay
s
,
o
u
tag
e
o
cc
u
r
s
wh
en
:
C
p
x
s
=
l
og
2
(
1
+
α
̅
ρ
β
p
1
+
αρ
β
p
)
<
R
s
̅
̅
̅
(
3
2
)
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
c
o
n
d
itio
n
th
at
m
a
y
lead
to
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
o
u
tag
e
i
s
:
C
p
x
p
=
l
og
2
(
1
+
αρ
β
P
)
<
R
p
̅
̅
̅
̅
(
3
3
)
W
e
ass
u
m
e
ch
an
n
el
g
ain
|
h
|
as R
ay
leig
h
f
ad
in
g
co
ef
f
icien
t,
t
h
en
=
|
h
|
2
will b
e
ex
p
o
n
e
n
tially
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
ted
.
Fo
r
R
ay
leig
h
f
ad
in
g
Mo
d
el:
β=|
h
|
2
, δ
2
=E
{β}.
Prim
ar
y
u
s
er
o
u
tag
e
o
cc
u
r
s
wh
en
t
h
e
ch
an
n
el
co
ef
f
icien
t:
β
<
{
R
̿
P
ρα
,
R
̿
S
ρ
(
α
̅
−
α
R
̿
S
)
}
(
3
4
)
P
o
ut
ag
e
=
1
−
e
xp
(
−
1
δ
2
ma
x
{
R
̿
P
ρα
,
R
̿
S
ρ
(
α
̅
−
α
R
̿
S
)
}
)
(
3
5
)
3
.
4
.
P
r
a
ct
ica
l c
ha
lleng
es in t
he
CR
-
NO
M
A
im
plem
ent
a
t
io
n
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
c
y
o
f
C
R
-
NOM
A
tech
n
iq
u
e
r
elies
o
n
th
e
o
p
tim
al
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
,
wh
ich
r
eq
u
ir
es
e
x
ac
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
th
e
d
o
wn
lin
k
ch
an
n
el
co
ef
f
icien
ts
.
Han
d
lin
g
im
p
er
f
ec
t
C
SI
i
s
th
e
b
ig
g
est
ch
allen
g
e
in
th
e
im
p
lem
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
C
R
-
NOM
A.
F
u
tu
r
e
wir
eless
n
etwo
r
k
s
m
u
s
t
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
h
eter
o
g
e
n
eo
u
s
d
ev
ices
with
d
if
f
er
en
t
lev
els
o
f
QOS
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
.
T
h
u
s
,
m
ee
tin
g
th
e
QOS
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
with
o
u
t
ca
u
s
in
g
h
ar
m
f
u
l
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
to
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
s
is
an
o
th
er
m
ajo
r
ch
allen
g
e
[
1
9
]
.
CR
-
NOM
A
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
d
e
m
an
d
s
f
o
r
SC
an
d
SIC
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
f
o
r
b
ase
s
tatio
n
an
d
SIC
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
f
o
r
u
s
er
s
,
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
t
h
ese
p
r
e
r
eq
u
is
ites
is
th
e
p
r
im
a
r
y
ch
allen
g
e
in
th
e
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
.
Gen
er
atio
n
o
f
s
u
p
e
r
p
o
s
itio
n
co
d
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itter
r
eq
u
ir
es p
r
o
p
er
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
izati
o
n
o
f
p
r
im
ar
y
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
b
ase
s
tatio
n
s
.
I
n
C
R
-
NOM
A
in
ter
wea
v
e
m
o
d
el,
u
s
er
s
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
m
u
s
t
co
o
p
er
ate
with
FC
to
id
en
tify
th
e
s
p
ec
t
r
u
m
wh
ites
p
ac
es.
Sp
ec
tr
u
m
h
an
d
o
f
f
is
also
cr
u
cial
in
o
v
er
lay
m
o
d
el
-
s
h
if
tin
g
th
e
ch
a
n
n
el
d
y
n
am
ically
an
d
ad
ju
s
tin
g
th
e
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
ac
co
r
d
in
g
ly
.
T
h
u
s
,
d
y
n
am
ic
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
h
an
d
o
f
f
is
a
p
o
ten
ti
al
ch
allen
g
e.
An
o
th
er
c
h
allen
g
e
is
to
id
en
tify
t
h
e
s
u
itab
le
c
o
d
in
g
a
n
d
d
ec
o
d
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es to
im
p
lem
en
t SC
an
d
SIC c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
p
r
iv
ac
y
an
d
s
ec
u
r
ity
asp
ec
ts
.
T
h
e
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
p
o
licies f
o
r
CR
-
NOM
A
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
s
tan
d
a
r
d
ized
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t CR
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
an
d
NOM
A
co
n
v
en
tio
n
s
.
W
h
en
th
er
e
a
r
e
lar
g
e
r
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
/u
s
er
s
p
ar
ticip
ate,
th
en
we
h
av
e
to
ad
o
p
t
d
y
n
am
ic
u
s
er
g
r
o
u
p
in
g
a
n
d
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
f
o
r
NOM
A
with
s
u
cc
ess
iv
e
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
ca
n
ce
lla
tio
n
(
SIC)
in
d
o
wn
lin
k
s
y
s
tem
s
.
I
t
is
a
two
-
s
tep
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
t
h
at
co
m
p
r
is
es
o
f
u
s
er
g
r
o
u
p
in
g
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
o
p
tim
ized
p
o
we
r
allo
ca
ti
o
n
f
o
r
ea
ch
g
r
o
u
p
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
tr
a
n
s
m
itted
p
o
wer
,
ex
p
ec
ted
d
ata
r
ate.
I
n
NOM
A,
m
u
ltip
le
ac
ce
s
s
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
in
p
o
wer
d
o
m
ai
n
,
a
s
m
all
v
ar
iatio
n
in
th
e
ch
an
n
el
g
ain
o
r
s
u
d
d
en
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
u
s
er
s
af
f
e
cts
th
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
o
o
v
er
c
o
m
e
th
ese
in
h
er
en
t
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
h
y
b
r
id
c
o
m
b
in
atio
n
(
Fig
u
r
e
6
)
o
f
NOM
A
an
d
OM
A
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
1
]
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
b
est
p
atter
n
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
ca
p
ac
ity
.
I
n
C
R
-
NOM
A
Par
ad
ig
m
,
h
y
b
r
id
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
u
n
d
er
lay
an
d
i
n
ter
wea
v
e
s
h
a
r
in
g
is
also
p
o
s
s
ib
le.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t 2
0
2
1
:
1
0
6
6
-
1
0
7
7
1074
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Hy
b
r
id
M
u
ltip
le
ac
ce
s
s
:
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
NOM
A
a
n
d
OM
A
4.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
T
o
v
alid
ate
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
at
h
em
atica
l
m
o
d
els,
we
h
a
v
e
co
n
d
u
cted
s
im
u
latio
n
ex
p
e
r
im
en
ts
o
n
C
R
-
NOM
A
in
d
o
wn
lin
k
s
ce
n
ar
io
f
o
r
b
o
th
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
1
an
d
2
.
Simu
latio
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
is
s
etu
p
b
y
ass
u
m
in
g
n
ec
ess
ar
y
v
alu
es
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
I
E
E
E
8
0
2
.
2
2
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
an
d
5
G
co
n
v
en
tio
n
s
[
24]
,
[
2
5
]
.
First,
we
ca
lcu
lated
th
e
ac
h
iev
ab
le
d
ata
r
ates
R
p
an
d
R
s
f
o
r
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
v
alu
es
o
f
α
(
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
t)
an
d
s
am
e
is
p
lo
tted
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
a
)
.
=
0
in
d
icate
s
n
o
p
o
wer
is
allo
c
ated
to
p
r
im
ar
y
u
s
er
,
h
en
ce
s
e
co
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
d
ate
r
ate
is
at
its
m
ax
im
u
m
.
As
α
in
cr
ea
s
es,
p
o
wer
all
o
ca
tio
n
will
b
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
a
m
o
n
g
p
r
im
ar
y
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
s
,
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
i
n
g
ly
d
ata
r
ates
also
v
ar
y
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
At
p
ar
ticu
l
ar
v
alu
e
o
f
α
,
b
o
t
h
p
r
im
ar
y
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
u
s
er
p
o
s
s
ess
es
th
e
s
am
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t.
Fra
m
ewo
r
k
1
d
ep
icts
th
e
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
p
r
im
ar
y
a
n
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
e
two
r
k
u
s
er
s
,
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
is
to
m
ain
tain
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
QOS
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
p
r
im
a
r
y
n
etwo
r
k
u
s
er
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
ws
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
v
alu
e
o
f
α
a
t
wh
ich
s
ec
o
n
d
a
r
y
n
etwo
r
k
u
s
er
g
ets
m
ax
im
u
m
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
t
h
e
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
QOS
r
ate
(
̅
̅
̅
̅
)
f
o
r
p
r
im
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
u
s
e
r
s
.
Fra
m
ewo
r
k
2
co
m
p
r
is
es
th
e
co
ex
is
ten
ce
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
QOS
r
ates b
o
th
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
(
SN1
an
d
SN2
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
s
h
o
ws
th
at,
an
y
v
alu
e
o
f
α
in
th
e
in
ter
v
al
(
α
mi
n
,
α
max
)
s
atis
f
y
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
QO
S
r
ate
s
1
̅
̅
̅
̅
an
d
2
̅
̅
̅
̅
g
iv
en
b
y
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
Fro
m
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
(
2
3
)
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
,
it
ca
n
b
e
s
tated
th
at
m
ax
im
u
m
o
v
er
all
ca
p
ac
ity
(
R
max
)
is
ac
h
iev
ab
le
at
α
=
α
max.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
ar
e
p
er
f
e
ctly
m
atch
in
g
with
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
els
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d
ca
lcu
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n
s
.
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n
o
r
t
h
o
g
o
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al
m
u
ltip
le
ac
ce
s
s
tech
n
iq
u
es
(
C
R
-
OM
A)
,
to
tal
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ailab
le
b
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d
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th
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iv
id
ed
am
o
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th
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u
s
er
s
,
h
o
wev
er
in
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R
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NOM
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co
m
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lete
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d
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t
h
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ig
n
ed
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b
o
th
th
e
u
s
er
(
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
(
a
)
)
.
D
u
e
to
th
is
,
it
c
an
b
e
ap
p
ar
en
tly
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
th
at
th
er
e
is
a
h
u
g
e
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
in
th
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
o
f
u
s
er
2
in
co
m
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ar
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with
C
R
-
OM
A.
I
t
ca
n
also
b
e
in
ter
p
r
eted
f
r
o
m
Fig
u
r
e
8
(
b
)
th
at,
C
R
-
NOM
A
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
ev
en
m
u
ch
b
etter
wh
en
th
e
d
ef
e
r
en
ce
h
d1
-
h
d2
is
m
o
r
e.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Do
w
n
lin
k
d
ata
r
ates d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
am
o
n
g
th
e
u
s
er
s
;
(
a)
u
n
d
e
r
lay
,
(
b
)
in
ter
wea
v
e
s
h
ar
in
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
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elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
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timiz
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p
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er a
llo
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tio
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o
r
ith
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fo
r
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g
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itive
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a
d
i
o
N
OMA
co
mmu
n
ica
tio
n
(
Ma
d
a
n
H.
T.
)
1075
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Ov
e
r
all
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
C
R
-
NOM
A
v
s
C
R
-
OM
A
;
(
a)
|
h
d1
|
=
|
h
d2
|
,
(
b
)
|
h
d1
|
>>
|
h
d2
|
T
h
e
C
R
-
NOM
A
s
u
m
ca
p
ac
ity
is
v
er
y
h
ig
h
c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
to
th
e
s
u
m
d
ata
r
ates
o
f
C
R
-
OM
A
d
u
e
to
th
e
ab
o
v
e
-
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
r
ea
s
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
lo
t
o
f
to
tal
ca
p
ac
ity
(
2
3
)
v
er
s
u
s
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
co
ef
f
i
cien
t
α
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
I
t
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
to
tal
ca
p
ac
ity
is
m
ax
im
ized
wh
en
m
o
r
e
p
o
wer
i
s
allo
ca
ted
to
th
e
ch
an
n
el
with
m
o
r
e
g
ain
(
Alg
o
r
ith
m
1
)
.
Hen
ce
it
is
m
o
r
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
to
f
in
d
th
e
o
p
tim
al
v
alu
e
o
f
α
to
m
ee
t
th
e
tar
g
eted
o
b
jectiv
es.
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
s
h
o
ws
th
e
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
ies
o
f
PU
an
d
SU
f
o
r
o
p
tim
ized
C
R
-
NOM
A,
wh
er
ein
p
o
wer
is
allo
ca
ted
b
as
ed
o
n
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
Qo
S
r
ate
an
d
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ab
o
v
e
s
im
u
latio
n
s
wer
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
k
ee
p
i
n
g
f
ix
e
d
Qo
S
r
a
tes
an
d
ch
an
g
in
g
o
n
ly
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
co
e
f
f
icien
ts
.
On
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
(
Fig
u
r
es
10
(
a
)
an
d
(
b
)
)
,
it
ca
n
b
e
clea
r
ly
s
ee
n
th
at
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
PU
h
as
b
ee
n
g
r
ea
tly
r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
ad
o
p
tin
g
Qo
S
b
ased
p
o
wer
all
o
ca
tio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
with
o
u
t
af
f
ec
tin
g
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
Fro
m
th
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
esu
lts
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
ati
o
n
s
m
ad
e,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
co
g
n
i
tiv
e
r
ad
io
(
C
R
)
an
d
No
n
o
r
th
o
g
o
n
al
m
u
ltip
le
ac
c
ess
(
NOM
A)
b
r
in
g
s
g
o
o
d
im
p
ac
t
o
n
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
e
f
f
icien
c
y
an
d
e
n
s
u
r
es
th
at
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
u
s
er
is
s
er
v
ed
with
f
air
n
ess
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Net
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
o
f
o
p
tim
ized
CR
-
NOM
A
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t SNR
v
alu
es
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.