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elec
o
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un
ica
t
io
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Co
m
pu
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ing
,
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Co
ntr
o
l
Vo
l.
19
,
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.
2
,
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p
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User gro
uping
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M
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h
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Sa
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T
u
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rin
h T
hi Ng
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e
n
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hu
a
n Do
3
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2
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
I
n
d
u
strial
Un
i
v
e
rsity
o
f
Ho
Ch
i
M
i
n
h
Cit
y
(IUH
)
,
Ho
C
h
i
M
i
n
h
Ci
ty
,
Vie
tn
a
m
3
Wi
re
les
s Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s Re
se
a
rc
h
G
ro
u
p
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
&
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
To
n
Du
c
Th
a
n
g
Un
i
v
e
rsity
,
Ho
Ch
i
M
in
h
Cit
y
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Vie
t
n
a
m
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Ma
r
2
8
,
2
0
2
0
R
ev
is
ed
J
u
n
1
3
,
2
0
2
0
Acc
ep
ted
J
u
n
2
5
,
2
0
2
0
Th
e
in
tern
e
t
o
f
th
i
n
g
s
(I
o
T)
in
5
G
a
n
d
b
e
y
o
n
d
wire
les
s
sy
ste
m
s
is
in
tere
stin
g
to
p
ic
sin
c
e
Io
T
n
e
two
rk
will
b
e
p
l
a
tfo
rm
to
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s i
n
th
e
fu
tu
re
.
Io
T
will
o
p
e
n
a
d
o
o
r
fo
r
sm
a
rt
se
rv
ice
s
a
n
d
n
e
w
wire
les
s
a
rc
h
it
e
c
tu
re
.
In
t
h
is
stu
d
y
,
we
c
o
n
sid
e
r
m
u
lt
i
p
le
a
c
c
e
ss
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
a
p
p
li
e
d
i
n
tw
o
-
wa
y
c
o
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
sc
h
e
m
e
,
n
a
m
e
ly
two
-
wa
y
n
o
n
-
o
rt
h
o
g
o
n
a
l
m
u
lt
ip
le
a
c
c
e
ss
(TW
-
N
OMA).
We
d
e
riv
e
e
x
p
re
ss
io
n
s
o
f
o
u
ta
g
e
p
ro
b
a
b
il
it
y
f
o
r
c
o
n
sid
e
re
d
s
y
ste
m
u
sin
g
a
m
p
li
fy
-
a
n
d
-
fo
rwa
rd
(AF)
re
lay
p
r
o
to
c
o
l,
a
n
d
we
s
h
o
w
th
a
t
fi
x
e
d
p
o
we
r
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
fa
c
to
rs
a
n
d
targ
e
t
ra
tes
a
re
m
a
in
imp
a
c
ts
o
n
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
AF
T
W
-
NO
M
A.
We fi
n
a
ll
y
e
x
ten
d
m
a
n
y
sc
e
n
a
rio
s
to
e
v
a
lu
a
te p
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
two
-
u
se
r
m
o
d
e
l
a
n
d
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
i
li
ty
in
a
two
-
u
se
r
sc
e
n
a
rio
a
re
n
u
m
e
rica
ll
y
v
e
rifi
e
d
.
It
is
c
o
n
firme
d
t
h
a
t
sim
u
lati
o
n
re
su
l
ts
sh
o
w
t
h
a
t
AF
T
W
-
NO
M
A
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
b
e
tt
e
r
d
a
ta rate
s a
n
d
u
se
r
fa
ir
n
e
ss
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
NOM
A
Ou
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
R
elay
s
elec
tio
n
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Din
h
-
T
h
u
a
n
Do
W
ir
eles
s
C
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
R
esear
ch
Gr
o
u
p
,
Facu
lty
o
f
E
lectr
ical
&
E
lectr
o
n
ics E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
T
o
n
Du
c
T
h
an
g
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
Ho
C
h
i M
in
h
C
ity
,
Vietn
am
E
m
ail:
d
o
d
in
h
t
h
u
an
@
td
tu
.
ed
u
.
v
n
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
R
ec
en
tly
,
wir
eless
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
i
n
g
f
ast
in
th
e
wo
r
ld
.
T
h
e
f
if
t
h
-
g
e
n
er
a
tio
n
(
5
G)
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
a
m
o
s
t
in
ter
esti
n
g
an
d
ch
allen
g
in
g
to
p
ic
in
wir
eless
r
esear
ch
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
wir
eless
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
.
I
n
p
r
ac
tice,
th
e
d
e
m
an
d
f
o
r
s
y
s
tem
ca
p
ac
ity
a
n
d
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
ef
f
icien
cy
h
as
g
r
o
w
n
f
ast
to
s
atis
f
y
th
e
r
ap
id
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
s
er
v
ice
s
an
d
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
in
in
ter
n
et
o
f
th
in
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
s
in
ce
t
h
e
tr
a
d
itio
n
al
o
r
th
o
g
o
n
al
m
u
ltip
le
ac
ce
s
s
(
O
MA
)
h
as n
o
t b
ee
n
m
et
th
e
I
o
T
’
s
n
ee
d
s
[
1
-
3
]
.
T
h
e
em
e
r
g
in
g
n
etwo
r
k
s
to
g
eth
er
with
NOM
A
ar
e
in
ter
esti
n
g
to
p
ics
in
r
ec
en
t
y
ea
r
s
[
4
-
1
4
]
.
I
n
OM
A,
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
d
i
v
is
io
n
o
r
tim
e
d
iv
is
io
n
s
ch
em
e,
o
n
ly
o
n
e
u
s
er
ca
n
b
e
ass
ig
n
ed
a
s
in
g
le
r
ad
io
r
eso
u
r
ce
,
wh
ile
m
u
ltip
le
u
s
er
s
ca
n
b
e
s
h
ar
e
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
in
NOM
A.
At
tr
an
s
m
itter
s
id
e,
NOM
A
u
s
es
n
o
n
-
o
r
th
o
g
o
n
al
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
to
ac
tiv
ely
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
in
te
r
f
er
en
ce
b
etwe
en
u
s
er
s
,
an
d
at
r
ec
eiv
e
r
s
id
e
ac
h
iev
es d
em
o
d
u
latio
n
s
ig
n
als th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
s
u
cc
ess
iv
e
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
ca
n
ce
llatio
n
(
SIC).
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
s
atis
f
y
th
e
h
ea
v
y
n
ee
d
s
f
o
r
ce
llu
lar
s
er
v
ices,
NOM
A
is
im
p
lem
en
ted
with
m
ass
iv
e
m
u
ltip
le
-
in
p
u
t
m
u
ltip
le
-
o
u
tp
u
t
(
MI
MO
)
[
1
5
-
1
7
]
.
NOM
A
-
b
as
ed
two
-
way
r
ela
y
n
etwo
r
k
is
s
tu
d
ied
with
s
ec
r
ec
y
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
,
in
w
h
ich
two
u
s
er
s
e
m
p
lo
y
tr
u
s
ted
r
elay
to
t
r
a
n
s
m
it/re
ce
iv
e
th
eir
NOM
A
s
ig
n
als
with
ex
is
ten
ce
s
o
f
s
in
g
le
an
d
m
u
ltip
le
ea
v
esd
r
o
p
p
er
s
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
au
t
h
o
r
s
in
[
1
9
]
in
v
esti
g
ated
two
way
-
f
u
ll
d
u
p
lex
(
T
W
-
FD)
r
elay
ass
is
ted
co
g
n
itiv
e
r
ad
io
NOM
A
(
C
R
-
NOM
A)
n
etwo
r
k
s
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
s
elf
-
i
n
ter
f
er
en
c
e
(
SI)
o
f
FD
ca
n
b
e
r
eg
ar
d
e
d
as
a
p
o
ten
tial
s
o
u
r
ce
f
o
r
r
elay
to
h
a
r
v
est
en
er
g
y
to
e
n
h
an
ce
s
y
s
tem
en
er
g
y
e
f
f
icien
cy
.
Up
lin
k
NOM
A
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
h
as b
ee
n
s
tu
d
ied
in
r
ec
en
t
wo
r
k
s
[
2
0
-
2
8
]
.
T
h
e
a
u
th
o
r
s
in
[
2
0
]
p
r
esen
ted
NOM
A
-
b
ased
c
o
g
n
itiv
e
r
ad
io
wit
h
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
ies
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
u
p
lin
k
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
an
d
s
u
ch
s
y
s
tem
b
e
n
ef
its
f
r
o
m
M
I
MO
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
1
:
4
9
9
-
50
6
500
Mo
tiv
ated
b
y
[
1
8
,
1
9
]
th
is
p
ap
er
ex
am
in
es
T
W
-
NOM
A
u
s
in
g
am
p
lify
an
d
f
o
r
war
d
(
AF)
r
e
lay
p
r
o
to
co
l
to
s
er
v
e
u
s
er
g
r
o
u
p
in
I
o
T
s
y
s
tem
with
f
air
n
ess
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
t.
2.
SYST
E
M
M
O
D
E
L
W
e
co
n
s
id
er
a
s
ce
n
ar
io
f
o
r
I
o
T
s
y
s
tem
as
Fig
u
r
e.
1
,
in
wh
ich
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
u
s
er
s
as tr
an
s
m
itt
er
s
(
S
1
an
d
S
2
)
in
ten
d
to
c
o
m
m
u
n
icate
with
th
eir
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
(
1
an
d
2
)
th
r
o
u
g
h
r
elay
.
ℎ
(
=
1
,
2
)
is
th
e
ch
an
n
el
co
e
f
f
icien
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
tr
an
s
m
itter
(
=
1
,
2
)
to
r
elay
an
d
(
=
1
,
2
)
is
th
e
ch
an
n
el
c
o
ef
f
icien
t
f
r
o
m
r
ela
y
to
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
(
=
1
,
2
)
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
ig
n
o
r
e
d
th
e
d
ir
ec
t
lin
k
s
b
etwe
en
s
o
u
r
ce
s
an
d
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
v
er
y
p
o
o
r
ch
an
n
el
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
/o
r
p
h
y
s
ical
lin
k
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Sy
s
tem
m
o
d
el
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
ac
ce
s
s
f
o
r
I
o
T
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
r
elay
ca
n
b
e
g
i
v
en
as
:
=
1
ℎ
1
+
2
ℎ
2
+
(
1
)
wh
er
e
d
en
o
te
th
e
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
p
o
wer
at
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
,
s
tan
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
ad
d
itiv
e
Gau
s
s
ian
n
o
is
e
(
AW
GN)
at
with
ze
r
o
m
ea
n
a
n
d
v
ar
ian
ce
0
.
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
s
ig
n
al
at
,
∈
{
1
,
2
}
.
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as f
o
llo
ws
;
=
√
(
√
1
ℎ
1
+
√
2
ℎ
2
+
)
+
(
2
)
T
h
e
am
p
lify
f
ac
to
r
is
d
e
f
in
ed
as f
o
llo
ws
;
=
1
√
1
|
ℎ
1
|
2
+
2
|
ℎ
2
|
2
+
0
2
(
3
)
T
h
e
SIN
R
at
d
esti
n
atio
n
1
in
o
r
d
er
to
d
ec
o
d
e
its
o
wn
d
ata
ca
n
b
e
wr
itten
b
y
;
1
HD
=
=
1
|
1
|
2
|
ℎ
1
|
2
2
|
1
|
2
|
ℎ
2
|
2
+
|
1
|
2
+
1
|
ℎ
1
|
2
+
1
(
4
)
w
h
er
e
≜
0
2
an
d
≜
0
2
ar
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
SNR
o
f
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
r
elay
n
o
d
e,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
en
,
S
I
NR
f
o
r
2
is
co
m
p
u
ted
to
d
ec
o
d
e
s
ig
n
al
1
ca
n
b
e
co
m
p
u
ted
b
y
:
2
←
1
HD
=
1
|
2
|
2
|
ℎ
1
|
2
2
|
ℎ
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
+
|
2
|
2
+
1
|
ℎ
1
|
2
+
1
(
5
)
2
d
etec
ts
its
o
wn
m
ess
ag
e
with
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
SIN
R
:
2
HD
=
2
|
ℎ
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
+
1
|
ℎ
1
|
2
+
1
(
6
)
h
1
g
1
g
2
h
2
S
2
S
1
R
D
1
D
2
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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ltip
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a
cc
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T n
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k
(
Min
h
-
S
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n
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n
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g
u
ye
n
)
501
3.
SYST
E
M
P
E
RF
O
R
M
ANC
E
ANALY
SI
S
3
.
1
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
nce
o
f
us
er
1
(
)
in co
o
pera
t
iv
e
NO
M
A
wit
h AF
re
la
y
ing
s
chem
e
T
h
e
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
u
s
er
1
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
ed
as
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ili
ty
th
at
its
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
d
ata
r
a
te
f
alls
b
elo
w
a
p
r
e
d
ef
in
ed
tar
g
et
d
ata
r
ate.
I
n
t
h
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
o
f
FD m
o
d
e,
we
p
r
o
v
id
e
f
o
llo
win
g
r
esu
lts
:
Pro
p
o
s
it
io
n
1
:
T
h
e
clo
s
ed
-
f
o
r
m
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
o
u
ta
g
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
at
u
s
er
1
(
1
)
O
P
1
HD
=
(
1
HD
<
0
1
)
(
7
)
wh
er
e
0
=
2
2
−
1
,
∀
∈
(
1
,
2
)
Pro
o
f
:
I
n
wh
ich
,
it c
a
n
b
e
c
o
m
p
u
te
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
as:
(
8
)
I
t is n
o
ted
th
at
s
u
b
s
titu
tin
g
=
0
1
−
1
⇒
=
0
1
(
+
1
)
th
e
n
o
u
tag
e
p
ro
b
a
b
il
it
y
o
f
1
h
a
s b
e
c
o
m
e
;
(
)
(
)
11
00
11
1
1
1
1
11
11
00
00
11
1
1
1
1
11
1
11
1
1
HD
0
1
0
11
1
0
0
O
P
1
e
1
e
e
h
s
g
r
h
s
h
s
h
s
g
r
g
r
h
s
t
X
t
tt
rg
Xt
X
t
rg
dt
dt
++
−
−
−
−
+
−
−−
=−
=−
(
9
)
Af
ter
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
s
tep
s
we
h
av
e
;
(
)
(
)
11
00
1
11
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
11
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
HD
0
0
0
0
11
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
0
00
1
1
1
1
11
O
P
1
e
2
2
1
11
1
e
2
2
g
r
h
s
g
r
h
s
X
g
r
h
s
h
s
g
r
h
s
h
s
Y
g
r
h
s
h
s
g
r
h
s
XX
K
Y
K
−−
+
−−
=
−
+
+
+
=
−
+
+
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
1
1
0
1
1
2
3
4
1
3
4
0
1
1
2
e
x
p
2
hs
Y
Y
Y
Y
K
Y
f
y
d
y
+
=
−
−
−
+
+
(
1
0
)
wh
er
e
1
=
0
1
ℎ
1
1
,
11
11
00
2
1
,
g
r
h
s
=+
3
=
0
1
0
1
1
ℎ
1
1
an
d
4
=
0
1
1
(
1
ℎ
1
1
+
0
1
ℎ
1
1
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
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,
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l.
19
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
1
:
4
9
9
-
50
6
502
W
e
h
av
e
PDF an
d
C
DF o
f
Y
ca
n
b
e
wr
itten
as
;
(
)
=
∫
0
(
)
=
1
−
−
2
ℎ
2
(
1
1
)
an
d
(
)
=
1
ℎ
2
−
2
ℎ
2
(
1
2
)
W
h
en
th
e
o
u
tag
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
1
ca
n
b
e
s
h
o
wn
as:
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
12
12
2
2
1
2
2
1
HD
1
3
4
1
3
4
0
3
4
1
3
4
0
3
4
1
3
4
0
O
P
1
2
e
2
1
2
e
2
2e
12
s
h
y
Y
y
Y
y
h
y
K
y
f
y
d
y
f
y
y
K
y
d
y
e
y
K
y
d
y
−−
−−
−
−+
=
−
+
+
=
−
+
+
=
−
+
+
(
1
3
)
1
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
as
;
(
)
(
)
(
)
1
1
4
3
3
1
1
3
4
1
3
4
0
1
14
2
,
1
33
1
,
3
4
1
,
0
,
21
0
1
13
e2
1
e
e
1
,
|
,
2
2
y
m
m
M
m
m
m
m
y
K
y
d
y
G
−
+
−
−
+
=
+
+
−
=
−
−
(
1
4
)
wh
er
e
1
=
2
ℎ
2
+
1
an
d
th
e
lase e
q
u
atio
n
f
o
llo
ws th
e
f
ac
t th
at
=
∑
!
∞
=
0
in
[
[
2
9
]
,
e
q
.
(
1
.
2
1
1
.
1
)
]
an
d
∫
1
0
(
1
−
)
−
1
(
√
)
=
2
−
1
(
)
1
,
3
2
,
1
(
2
4
|
,
0
,
2
−
−
2
−
)
in
[
[
2
9
]
,
e
q
.
(
6
.
9
5
2
.
2
)
]
.
T
h
is
co
m
p
letes th
e
p
r
o
o
f
.
3
.
2
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
nce
o
f
us
er
in co
o
pera
t
iv
e
NO
M
A
wit
h AF
re
la
y
ing
s
chem
e
T
o
co
n
s
id
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
u
s
er
o
f
,
th
e
r
elate
d
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
en
b
y
;
Pro
p
o
s
itio
n
2
:
T
h
e
clo
s
ed
-
f
o
r
m
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
o
f
o
u
ta
g
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
at
u
s
er
ca
n
b
e
g
iv
e
n
b
y
:
O
P
2
HD
=
1
−
(
4
←
1
≥
0
1
,
4
≥
0
2
)
(
1
5
)
Pro
o
f
:
I
t c
an
b
e
c
o
m
p
u
te
d
th
at:
(
)
(
)
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
H
D
1
2
2
0
0
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
22
2
1
1
2
2
2
12
1
2
2
2
12
00
H
D
H
D
2
,
1
2
,
2
O
P
1
Pr
,
11
1
1
1
1
Pr
1
m
a
x
,
11
1
O
P
+
O
P
r
s
r
s
r
s
r
s
r
s
s
ss
r
s
g
h
h
g
h
g
g
h
g
h
gh
h
h
h
=
−
+
+
+
+
+
=
−
+
−
−
−
=−
(
1
6
)
W
e
ca
n
co
m
p
u
ted
O
P
2,1
HD
,O
P
2,2
HD
as f
o
llo
ws:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
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l Co
n
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l
User
g
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u
p
in
g
-
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a
s
ed
m
u
ltip
le
a
cc
ess
s
ch
eme
fo
r
I
o
T n
etw
o
r
k
(
Min
h
-
S
a
n
g
V
a
n
N
g
u
ye
n
)
503
(
)
(
)
(
)
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
11
2
22
1
1
2
2
1
0
11
2
2
2
HD
0
0
2
2
,1
2
2
1
2
2
11
0
2
2
0
2
2
1
1
2
1
0
1
1
,
1
1
O
P
P
r
1
1
,
1
1
1
1
s
s
r
s
s
s
s
s
h
g
h
s
r
s
h
g
hh
h
h
h
h
x
f
y
d
y
F
f
x
d
xy
+
−−
=
+
+
+
=−
−−
(
)
1
02
2
1
0
21
00
2
21
4
1
1
1
.
s
ss
y
y
x
+
+
(
1
7
)
T
h
en
,
we
an
al
y
ze
O
P
2,1
HD
as
;
(
)
1
1
1
1
02
0
2
0
0
2
1
11
0
1
2
1
1
2
2
2
0
2
1
1
11
02
20
00
2
1
1
0
12
12
22
2
22
0
2
1
1
HD
2,1
11
1
1
O
P
e
e
e
e
11
e
e
e
e
h
r
g
h
s
h
s
hh
hh
r
g
r
g
s
y
y
h
y
hh
f
y
d
y
dy
−+
−
−
−
−
+
+
−+
−−
=−
=−
1
0
1
1
2
0
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
1
2
12
0
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
22
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
11
0
2
2
0
2
11
0
e
ee
1
1
1
1
sh
s
r
g
s
h
h
h
s
s
h
s
h
r
g
y
hh
h
h
h
h
dy
−
−
−
−
+
−
+
−
−
=−
+
+
+
(
1
8
)
wh
er
e
4
=
1
ℎ
1
−
0
1
2
∫
−
ℎ
1
0
1
2
1
(
1
0
2
+
1
)
0
1
1
(
2
+
1
)
a
nd
(
)
(
)
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
02
2
1
0
3
2
12
2
2
2
2
11
HD
0
2
0
2,
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
12
0
2
2
0
1
2
1
1
2
0
1
11
O
P
P
r
,
1
,
1
1
1
1
1
s
s
rs
s
h
g
h
s
r
y
h
g
h
h
h
h
x
f
y
dy
F
f
x
dx
y
+
+
=
+
−
+
=−
−
(
)
(
)
(
)
2
0
2
2
0
2
2
21
22
1
2
1
2
4
1
4
0
11
1
2
1
2
11
2
e2
s
sh
k
k
k
g
s
h
k
k
s
r
g
g
kK
+
−
−
+
=
++
=
−
(
1
9
)
wh
er
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
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L
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NI
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o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
1
:
4
9
9
-
50
6
504
(
)
22
21
1
02
2
1
0
1
2
2
2
0
1
1
1
02
2
1
0
1
1
22
2
12
1
3
2
1
1
2
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
0
21
1
1
1
1
1
ee
e
s
s
rg
h
r
sh
s
gh
s
r
y
x
x
y
h
y
t
A
g
s
r
s
h
g
x
F
f
x
dx
y
dx
t
t
+
+
−
−
−
+
+
+
−
+
=
−
−
=
=
+
(
)
1
22
2
1
4
2
2
3
2
12
0
1
2
1
0
21
0
e
e
,
r
g
g
t
t
t
t
g
s
r
s
h
g
dt
t
dt
t
−+
−
+
−
−
=
+
(
2
0
)
wh
er
e
1
=
0
1
2
ℎ
1
1
(
1
0
2
+
1
)
,
2
=
2
0
2
,
3
=
ℎ
1
1
1
2
2
+
1
2
,
4
=
ℎ
1
1
1
2
.
T
h
en
,
we
h
a
v
e:
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
1
2
12
0
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
22
1
2
1
2
H
D
H
D
H
D
2
2
,
1
2
,
2
1
1
1
11
0
2
2
0
2
11
0
2
0
2
O
P
1
O
P
O
P
ee
1
1
1
1
1
2
r
g
s
h
h
h
s
s
h
s
h
r
g
hh
h
h
h
h
−
−
−
+
−
+
−
−
=
−
−
=
−
+
+
+
+
−
(
)
(
)
(
)
2
0
2
2
21
22
1
1
2
4
1
4
11
1
12
11
e2
sh
k
k
k
g
s
h
k
k
s
r
g
g
kK
+
−
−
+
=
++
−
(
2
1
)
T
h
is
co
m
p
letes th
e
p
r
o
o
f
.
3
.
3
.
T
hro
ug
hp
ut
o
f
us
er
,
B
ased
o
n
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
a
ch
iev
ed
,
we
ca
n
co
m
p
u
te
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t in
d
ela
y
-
lim
ited
m
o
d
e
f
o
r
D1
a
n
d
D2
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
as
;
1
HD
=
(
1
−
O
P
1
HD
)
1
,
(
2
2
)
2
HD
=
(
1
-
O
P
2
HD
)
2
(
2
3
)
4.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
we
p
r
esen
t
n
u
m
er
ical
r
esu
lts
to
ev
alu
ate
a
n
a
ly
tical
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
ca
lcu
lated
i
n
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
ec
tio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
s
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
v
er
s
u
s
tr
a
n
s
m
it
SNR
at
s
o
u
r
ce
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
th
at
th
e
o
u
ta
g
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
s
ig
n
if
ic
an
tly
at
h
i
g
h
SNR
r
eg
io
n
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
g
a
p
s
o
f
two
u
s
er
s
ar
e
r
esu
lted
f
r
o
m
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
o
wer
allo
ca
tio
n
f
ac
t
o
r
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
cu
r
v
es
m
ee
t
s
atu
r
atio
n
wh
en
SNR
is
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
4
0
(
d
B
)
.
I
t
is
f
u
r
th
er
c
o
n
f
ir
m
ed
th
at
ex
ac
t
an
d
s
im
u
lati
o
n
r
esu
lts
ar
e
m
atc
h
ed
v
er
y
well.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
s
im
ilar
tr
en
d
s
o
f
o
u
t
ag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
f
o
r
two
u
s
er
s
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
as
v
ar
y
i
n
g
t
a
r
g
et
r
ates.
Fig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
in
d
ela
y
-
lim
ed
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
m
o
d
e
d
ep
en
d
o
n
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
a
t
lo
w
SNR
r
eg
io
n
.
W
h
en
SNR
is
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
2
5
(
d
B
)
th
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
o
n
ly
d
e
p
e
n
d
s
o
n
tar
g
et
r
ate.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
e
en
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
g
o
es
to
ce
ilin
g
at
h
ig
h
SNR
r
eg
io
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
User
g
r
o
u
p
in
g
-
b
a
s
ed
m
u
ltip
le
a
cc
ess
s
ch
eme
fo
r
I
o
T n
etw
o
r
k
(
Min
h
-
S
a
n
g
V
a
n
N
g
u
ye
n
)
505
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Ou
ta
g
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
(
1
=
2
=
0
.
1
b
p
s
/Hz)
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Ou
ta
g
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
(
1
=
0
.
9
,
2
=
0
.
1
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Ou
ta
g
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
(
1
=
0
.
9
,
2
=
0
.
1
)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
(
1
=
2
=
0
.
1
b
p
s
/Hz)
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
I
n
th
is
p
ap
e
r
,
we
h
a
v
e
in
v
esti
g
ated
th
e
two
-
wa
y
s
ch
em
e
f
o
r
th
e
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
NOM
A
s
y
s
tem
with
th
e
u
s
er
g
r
o
u
p
.
Fo
r
th
e
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
AF
co
o
p
e
r
ativ
e
r
ela
y
in
g
m
o
d
e,
th
e
o
u
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
ies
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
er
iv
e
d
in
clo
s
ed
-
f
o
r
m
f
o
r
t
h
e
two
u
s
er
s
.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
r
ep
o
r
ted
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
two
p
air
o
f
u
s
er
s
an
d
t
h
ese
n
u
m
er
ical
r
esu
lts
h
av
e
v
er
if
ie
d
th
e
s
u
p
er
io
r
o
u
ta
g
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
AF
NOM
A
two
-
way
m
o
d
e
an
d
AF w
ith
o
u
t d
ir
ec
t lin
k
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
L.
Ch
e
tt
r
i
a
n
d
R
.
Be
ra
,
“
A C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
siv
e
S
u
rv
e
y
o
n
In
tern
e
t
o
f
T
h
in
g
s
(
Io
T)
To
wa
rd
5
G
Wi
re
les
s S
y
ste
m
s
,
”
IEE
E
In
ter
n
e
t
o
f
T
h
in
g
s J
o
u
r
n
a
l
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
6
-
3
2
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
2
0
.
[2
]
G
.
A.
Ak
p
a
k
wu
,
B.
J.
S
il
v
a
,
G
.
P
.
Ha
n
c
k
e
,
a
n
d
A.
M
.
A
b
u
-
M
a
h
fo
u
z
,
“
A
su
rv
e
y
o
n
5
G
n
e
two
rk
s
fo
r
th
e
In
tern
e
t
o
f
Th
in
g
s: C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
a
n
d
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
s,”
IEE
E
Acc
e
ss
,
v
o
l
.
6
,
p
p
.
3
6
1
9
-
3
6
4
7
,
2
0
1
7
.
[3
]
J.
Li
n
,
W.
Yu
,
N.
Zh
a
n
g
,
X.
Ya
n
g
,
H.
Zh
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
W.
Zh
a
o
,
“
A su
rv
e
y
o
n
In
tern
e
t
o
f
Th
i
n
g
s: Arch
it
e
c
tu
re
,
e
n
a
b
li
n
g
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
,
se
c
u
rit
y
,
p
ri
v
a
c
y
,
a
n
d
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,”
IEE
E
In
ter
n
e
t
T
h
in
g
s J
o
u
r
n
a
l
,
v
o
l.
4
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
1
2
5
-
1
1
4
2
,
2
0
1
7
.
[4
]
Din
h
-
T
h
u
a
n
D
o
a
n
d
M
.
-
S
.
Va
n
N
g
u
y
e
n
,
“
De
v
ice
-
to
-
d
e
v
ice
tran
sm
issio
n
m
o
d
e
s
i
n
NO
M
A
n
e
two
r
k
w
it
h
a
n
d
with
o
u
t
Wi
re
les
s P
o
we
r
Tran
sfe
r,
”
Co
mp
u
ter
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
1
3
9
,
p
p
.
6
7
-
7
7
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
9
.
[5
]
D.
-
T.
Do
,
M
.
Va
e
z
i
a
n
d
T.
-
L.
Ng
u
y
e
n
,
“
Wi
re
les
s
P
o
we
re
d
Co
o
p
e
r
a
ti
v
e
Re
lay
in
g
u
si
n
g
NO
M
A
wi
th
Im
p
e
rfe
c
t
CS
I,
”
in
Pro
c
.
o
f
IEE
E
Gl
o
b
e
c
o
m W
o
rk
sh
o
p
s (GC W
k
sh
p
s
)
,
Ab
u
Dh
a
b
i,
UA
E,
2
0
1
8
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
.
[6
]
D.
-
T.
Do
a
n
d
A.
-
T.
Le,
“
NO
M
A
b
a
se
d
c
o
g
n
it
iv
e
re
lay
i
n
g
:
Tran
sc
e
iv
e
r
h
a
rd
wa
re
imp
a
irme
n
ts,
re
lay
se
l
e
c
ti
o
n
p
o
li
c
ies
a
n
d
o
u
tag
e
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
c
o
m
p
a
ris
o
n
,
”
C
o
mp
u
ter
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
1
4
6
,
p
p
.
1
4
4
-
1
5
4
,
2
0
1
9
.
[7
]
G
.
G
u
i,
H.
S
a
ri,
a
n
d
E.
Bi
g
li
e
ri,
“
A
n
e
w
d
e
fin
i
ti
o
n
o
f
fa
irn
e
ss
fo
r
n
o
n
-
o
rth
o
g
o
n
a
l
m
u
lt
ip
le
a
c
c
e
ss
,
”
I
EE
E
Co
mm
u
n
.
L
e
tt
.
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
1
2
6
7
-
1
2
7
1
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
9
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
19
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
1
:
4
9
9
-
50
6
506
[8
]
Z.
Zh
o
u
,
J.
F
e
n
g
,
Z
.
Ch
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
X.
S
h
e
n
,
“
En
e
rg
y
-
e
fficie
n
t
e
d
g
e
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
se
rv
ice
p
r
o
v
isi
o
n
i
n
g
fo
r
v
e
h
icu
lar
n
e
two
rk
s: A
c
o
n
se
n
s
u
s AD
M
M
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Veh
.
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
.
,
v
o
l.
6
8
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
5
0
8
7
-
5
0
9
9
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
9
.
[9
]
F
.
Tan
g
,
B.
M
a
o
,
Z.
M
.
F
a
d
l
u
ll
a
h
,
a
n
d
N.
Ka
t
o
,
“
On
a
n
o
v
e
l
d
e
e
p
-
lea
rn
in
g
b
a
se
d
i
n
telli
g
e
n
t
p
a
rti
a
ll
y
o
v
e
rla
p
p
i
n
g
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
a
ss
ig
n
m
e
n
t
in
S
DN
-
Io
T
,
”
IEE
E
C
o
mm
u
n
.
M
a
g
.
,
v
o
l.
5
6
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
8
0
-
8
6
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
1
8
.
[1
0
]
B.
M
a
o
,
F
.
Ta
n
g
,
Z
.
M
.
F
a
d
lu
l
l
a
h
,
N.
Ka
to
,
O.
Ak
a
sh
i,
T.
In
o
u
e
,
a
n
d
K.
M
iz
u
tan
i,
“
A
n
o
v
e
l
n
o
n
-
su
p
e
r
v
ise
d
d
e
e
p
-
lea
rn
in
g
-
b
a
se
d
n
e
two
r
k
tra
ffic
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
e
th
o
d
fo
r
so
ftwa
r
e
d
e
fin
e
d
wire
les
s
n
e
two
r
k
s,
”
I
EE
E
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
2
5
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
7
4
-
8
1
,
Au
g
.
2
0
1
8
.
[1
1
]
Z.
Zh
o
u
,
Y.
G
u
o
,
Y.
He
,
X.
Zh
a
o
,
a
n
d
W.
M
.
Ba
z
z
i,
“
Ac
c
e
ss
c
o
n
tro
l
a
n
d
re
so
u
rc
e
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
fo
r
M
2
M
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
in
in
d
u
strial
a
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
,
”
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
s.
In
d
.
I
n
fo
rm
a
t.
,
v
o
l.
1
5
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
3
0
9
3
-
3
1
0
3
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
9
.
[1
2
]
Z.
Zh
o
u
,
P
.
Li
u
,
J.
F
e
n
g
,
Y.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
S
.
M
u
m
taz
,
a
n
d
J.
Ro
d
ri
g
u
e
z
,
“
Co
m
p
u
tatio
n
re
so
u
rc
e
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
tas
k
a
ss
ig
n
m
e
n
t
o
p
t
imiz
a
ti
o
n
in
v
e
h
ic
u
lar
f
o
g
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
:
A
c
o
n
trac
t
-
m
a
tch
in
g
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
,
”
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
s
.
Veh
.
T
e
c
h
n
o
l.
,
v
o
l.
6
8
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
1
1
3
-
3
1
2
5
,
Ap
r.
2
0
1
9
.
[1
3
]
D
-
T.
Do
e
t
a
l.
“
Wi
re
les
s
p
o
we
r
tra
n
sfe
r
e
n
a
b
led
NO
M
A
re
lay
sy
ste
m
s:
two
S
IC
m
o
d
e
s
a
n
d
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
,
”
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
,
C
o
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
n
tro
l
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
2
6
9
7
-
2
7
0
3
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
4
]
Din
h
-
T
h
u
a
n
Do
,
Ch
i
-
Ba
o
Le,
A.
-
T.
Le,
"
Co
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
u
n
d
e
rlay
c
o
g
n
it
iv
e
ra
d
io
a
ss
isted
NO
M
A:
se
c
o
n
d
a
r
y
n
e
tw
o
rk
imp
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
o
u
tag
e
p
e
rfo
r
m
a
n
c
e
,
"
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
C
o
mp
u
ti
n
g
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
n
tro
l
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
2
1
4
7
-
2
1
5
4
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
5
]
Din
h
-
T
h
u
a
n
Do
,
T.
-
T.
Th
i
N
g
u
y
e
n
,
"
E
x
a
c
t
Ou
tag
e
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
An
a
ly
sis
o
f
Am
p
li
fy
a
n
d
F
o
rwa
rd
-
Aw
a
re
Co
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
NO
M
A,"
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
v
o
l.
1
6
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
9
6
6
-
1
9
7
3
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
6
]
Din
h
-
T
h
u
a
n
Do
,
C.
-
B.
Le,
"
E
x
p
lo
it
in
g
Ou
tag
e
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
Wi
re
les
s
P
o
we
re
d
NO
M
A,"
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
1
6
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
9
0
7
-
1
9
1
7
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
7
]
Y.
Li
a
n
d
G
.
A.
Aru
m
a
Ba
d
u
g
e
,
"
NO
M
A
-
Aid
e
d
Ce
ll
-
F
re
e
M
a
ss
iv
e
M
IM
O
S
y
ste
m
s,
”
EE
E
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s
L
e
tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l
.
7
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
9
5
0
-
9
5
3
,
De
c
.
2
0
1
8
.
[1
8
]
Y.
Li
a
n
d
G
.
A.
Aru
m
a
Ba
d
u
g
e
,
"
Un
d
e
rlay
S
p
e
c
tru
m
-
S
h
a
rin
g
M
a
ss
iv
e
M
IM
O
NO
M
A,"
IEE
E
C
o
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s
L
e
tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l
.
2
3
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
1
6
-
1
1
9
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
1
9
.
[1
9
]
L
.
Da
i,
B.
Wa
n
g
,
M
.
P
e
n
g
a
n
d
S
.
Ch
e
n
,
"
Hy
b
rid
P
re
c
o
d
i
n
g
-
Ba
se
d
M
il
li
m
e
ter
-
Wav
e
M
a
ss
iv
e
M
I
M
O
-
NO
M
A
with
S
imu
lt
a
n
e
o
u
s
Wi
re
les
s
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
P
o
we
r
Tran
sfe
r,
"
i
n
IEE
E
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
n
S
e
lec
ted
Are
a
s
in
C
o
mm
u
n
ic
a
ti
o
n
s,
v
o
l.
3
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
3
1
-
1
4
1
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
1
9
.
[2
0
]
D.
-
T.
Do
,
A.
-
T.
Le
a
n
d
B.
-
M
.
Lee
,
“
On
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
An
a
l
y
si
s
o
f
Un
d
e
rlay
C
o
g
n
it
i
v
e
Ra
d
i
o
-
Aw
a
re
Hy
b
rid
OMA/NOMA
Ne
two
rk
s with
Im
p
e
rfe
c
t
CS
I,
”
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
,
v
o
l.
8
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
1
-
21
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
1
]
W.
Zh
a
o
,
R.
S
h
e
a
n
d
H
.
Ba
o
,
"
S
e
c
u
rit
y
E
n
e
rg
y
Eff
icie
n
c
y
M
a
x
i
m
iza
ti
o
n
fo
r
Tw
o
-
Way
Re
lay
As
siste
d
Co
g
n
it
i
v
e
Ra
d
io
NO
M
A Ne
two
r
k
wit
h
S
e
lf
-
In
terfe
re
n
c
e
Ha
rv
e
stin
g
,
"
IEE
E
Acc
e
ss
,
v
o
l.
7
,
p
p
.
7
4
4
0
1
-
7
4
4
1
1
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
2
]
D.
-
T.
Do
,
A.
-
T.
Le,
C.
-
B
.
Le
a
n
d
B.
M
.
Lee
“
On
Ex
a
c
t
Ou
tag
e
a
n
d
Th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
C
o
g
n
it
iv
e
Ra
d
i
o
b
a
se
d
No
n
-
Orth
o
g
o
n
a
l
M
u
lt
i
p
le
Ac
c
e
ss
Ne
two
rk
s
with
a
n
d
W
it
h
o
u
t
D2
D
Li
n
k
,
”
S
e
n
s
o
rs
(Ba
se
l),
v
o
l.
19
,
n
o
.
15
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
3
]
Z.
Ya
n
g
,
Z
.
Din
g
,
P
.
F
a
n
,
a
n
d
N.
Al
-
Dh
a
h
ir,
“
A
g
e
n
e
ra
l
p
o
we
r
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
sc
h
e
m
e
to
g
u
a
ra
n
tee
q
u
a
li
t
y
o
f
se
rv
ice
in
d
o
wn
l
in
k
a
n
d
u
p
li
n
k
NO
M
A s
y
st
e
m
s,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
W
ire
les
s Co
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
1
5
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
7
2
4
4
-
7
2
5
7
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
1
6
.
[2
4
]
D.
-
T.
Do
,
M
.
-
S
.
Va
n
N
g
u
y
e
n
,
T
.
-
A.
Ho
a
n
g
,
B
.
-
M
.
Lee
,
“
E
x
p
l
o
it
i
n
g
Jo
i
n
t
Ba
se
S
tatio
n
Eq
u
ip
p
e
d
M
u
lt
ip
le
An
ten
n
a
a
n
d
F
u
ll
-
D
u
p
lex
D2
D Us
e
rs i
n
P
o
we
r
Do
m
a
in
Div
isi
o
n
Ba
se
d
M
u
lt
ip
le Ac
c
e
ss
Ne
two
rk
s,”
S
e
n
s
o
rs
,
v
o
l.
19
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
5
]
D.
-
T.
Do
,
C
-
B
Le
a
n
d
B.
-
M
Lee
,
“
Ro
b
u
st
Tra
n
sm
it
An
te
n
n
a
De
s
ig
n
fo
r
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
Im
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
Ce
ll
-
E
d
g
e
Us
e
rs:
Ap
p
ro
a
c
h
o
f
NO
M
A an
d
Ou
tag
e
/E
rg
o
d
ic Ca
p
a
c
it
y
An
a
l
y
si
s,”
S
e
n
so
rs
,
v
o
l
.
19
,
n
o
.
22
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
6
]
]
Y.
S
u
n
,
D.
W.
K.
Ng
,
Z.
Din
g
,
a
n
d
R.
S
c
h
o
b
e
r,
“
Op
ti
m
a
l
jo
i
n
t
p
o
we
r
a
n
d
su
b
c
a
rrier
a
ll
o
c
a
ti
o
n
fo
r
f
u
ll
-
d
u
p
lex
m
u
lt
ica
rrier n
o
n
-
o
rt
h
o
g
o
n
a
l
m
u
l
ti
p
le ac
c
e
ss
sy
ste
m
s,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Co
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
6
5
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
0
7
7
-
1
0
9
1
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
7
]
M
.
A.
S
e
d
a
g
h
a
t
a
n
d
R.
R
.
M
ü
ll
e
r,
“
On
u
se
r
p
a
iri
n
g
i
n
u
p
li
n
k
NO
M
A,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
1
7
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
3
4
7
4
-
3
4
8
6
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
8
.
[2
8
]
M
.
F
.
Ka
d
e
r,
S
.
Y.
S
h
in
a
n
d
V.
C
.
M
.
Leu
n
g
,
"
F
u
ll
-
Du
p
lex
N
o
n
-
O
rth
o
g
o
n
a
l
M
u
lt
ip
le
Ac
c
e
ss
in
Co
o
p
e
ra
ti
v
e
Re
lay
S
h
a
rin
g
fo
r
5
G
S
y
ste
m
s,"
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Veh
icu
l
a
r T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
6
7
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
5
8
3
1
-
5
8
4
0
,
Ju
ly
2
0
1
8
.
[2
9
]
S
.
D.
Gr
a
d
sh
tey
n
,
I.
S
.
,
&
Ry
z
h
i
k
,
I.
M
.
,
“
Tab
le
o
f
In
teg
ra
ls,
S
e
ries
,
a
n
d
P
ro
d
u
c
ts
,”
M
a
th
e
ma
t
ics
o
f
Co
mp
u
t
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
9
6
,
p
p
.
6
1
6
,
1
9
6
6
.
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