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se
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C
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A
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Nu
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in
Nu
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in
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Dep
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s
titu
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am
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lam
Neg
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m
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ac
.
id
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UC
T
I
O
N
E
f
f
ec
tiv
e
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
o
f
w
eb
s
ites
in
ter
ac
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in
cr
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asin
g
ly
im
p
o
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tan
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ig
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u
ca
tio
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in
s
titu
tio
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s
to
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em
ain
co
m
p
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in
to
d
ay
’
s
d
i
g
ital
ed
u
ca
ti
o
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
.
I
n
ter
ac
tiv
ity
f
ea
tu
r
es
ar
e
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
p
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te
n
tial
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v
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n
tag
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
em
er
g
en
ce
o
f
I
n
ter
n
et
tech
n
o
lo
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y
.
T
h
e
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o
n
ce
p
t
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f
in
ter
ac
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as
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ec
ei
v
ed
m
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ch
atten
tio
n
f
r
o
m
s
ch
o
lar
s
ac
r
o
s
s
d
is
cip
lin
es
[
1
,
2
]
.
I
n
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
a
web
s
ite,
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
is
u
n
d
er
s
to
o
d
as
a
web
s
ite
th
at
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
e
v
er
al
f
ac
ilit
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f
o
r
u
s
er
s
to
i
n
ter
ac
t
with
web
s
ite
o
wn
er
s
[
3
]
.
W
eb
s
ites
b
ec
o
m
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
v
is
ib
le
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
to
o
l
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th
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I
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ter
n
et
b
ec
a
u
s
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it
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w
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ea
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y
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ap
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an
d
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
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s
in
an
o
n
lin
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s
p
ac
e
[
4
]
.
T
h
e
w
eb
s
ites
m
o
s
tly
p
r
o
v
id
e
in
f
o
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m
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elatin
g
to
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m
p
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o
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ct
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b
r
an
d
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attr
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s
to
m
er
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o
r
to
in
c
r
ea
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e
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
[
5
]
.
A
n
in
ter
ac
tiv
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web
s
ite
p
lay
s
an
ess
en
tial
r
o
le
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p
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o
n
lin
e
u
s
er
s
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p
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h
ase
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tio
n
[
6
]
.
I
n
a
n
e
d
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c
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co
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tex
t,
a
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
th
at
h
as
an
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ter
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web
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teg
r
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ar
k
etin
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n
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tial
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ll
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.
An
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ig
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ess
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cr
ed
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tific
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r
ep
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tatio
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d
wo
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-
of
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m
o
u
th
[
7
]
.
As
s
u
ch
,
p
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in
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m
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p
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,
wh
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f
in
al
ly
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h
t in
cr
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s
e
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
’
in
ten
tio
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to
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r
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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2
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5
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Pre
v
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s
s
tu
d
ies
also
h
i
g
h
lig
h
t
th
at
w
eb
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
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an
d
web
s
ite
r
an
k
in
g
h
as b
ee
n
f
o
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n
d
r
elate
d
to
ea
ch
o
th
er
[
8
]
.
An
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
u
n
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er
s
ity
web
s
ite
o
f
ten
b
ec
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m
es a
n
im
p
o
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tan
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ac
to
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th
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in
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n
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s
ity
r
an
k
in
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,
s
u
ch
as
W
eb
o
m
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[
9
]
.
W
ith
in
u
s
er
s
p
e
r
s
p
ec
tiv
e
s
,
a
u
n
iv
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s
ity
web
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ite
in
ter
ac
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ity
is
co
n
s
id
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ed
as
h
ig
h
v
is
ib
ilit
y
th
at
allo
w
s
th
em
to
ac
ce
s
s
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
an
d
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
a
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
th
e
u
n
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s
ity
p
r
o
f
iles
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d
ata
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ea
s
ily
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ap
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ac
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s
s
ed
f
r
o
m
th
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we
b
s
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u
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er
s
b
en
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f
its
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v
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h
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ite
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ter
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ca
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ec
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m
e
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ica
to
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to
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ies
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ass
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lev
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o
f
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ter
ac
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o
f
a
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s
ity
web
s
ite.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
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we
u
s
e
a
b
e
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ch
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ar
k
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tr
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t
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d
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m
in
e
wh
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u
n
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s
ity
is
m
o
r
e
o
r
less
in
ter
ac
tiv
e.
Fo
r
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
th
e
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
wh
er
eb
y
an
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
ev
alu
ates
its
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p
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s
b
y
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
to
s
im
ilar
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
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s
[
10
]
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
b
en
c
h
m
ar
k
in
g
is
wid
e
n
in
g
as
a
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
b
etter
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
i
n
s
titu
tio
n
s
'
web
s
it
es
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
B
en
ch
m
ar
k
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n
g
is
a
s
tr
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to
s
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ch
f
o
r
b
est
p
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ac
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th
at
lead
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to
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m
a
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ce
in
s
o
m
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b
u
s
in
ess
ac
tiv
ities
[
11
]
.
B
en
ch
m
a
r
k
in
g
h
as
b
ee
n
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
as
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
s
t
r
esp
o
n
s
iv
e
ev
alu
atio
n
to
o
ls
f
o
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
with
in
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
b
y
cr
ea
tin
g
a
c
u
ltu
r
e
o
f
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
f
r
o
m
lea
r
n
in
g
b
est
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
p
r
ac
tices.
T
h
e
b
e
n
ch
m
ar
k
in
g
,
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
r
e
v
iewin
g
a
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
tatu
s
b
etwe
en
I
n
d
o
n
esia g
o
v
e
r
n
m
en
ts
’
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
.
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
to
ca
teg
o
r
ize
th
e
lev
el
o
f
w
eb
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
cr
iter
ia
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
lev
els
(
v
er
y
lo
w,
lo
w,
m
ed
iu
m
,
h
ig
h
,
an
d
v
er
y
h
i
g
h
)
as
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
Fo
r
tin
an
d
D
h
o
la
k
a
[
12
]
an
d
Palla,
T
s
io
ts
o
u
,
&
Z
o
to
s
[
13
]
.
T
h
ei
r
s
tu
d
ies
d
id
n
o
t
d
ef
in
e
clea
r
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
ea
ch
lev
el
o
f
web
s
ites
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
,
h
o
wev
e
r
,
estab
li
s
h
ed
clea
r
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
ea
ch
lev
el
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
g
u
i
d
elin
es
f
o
r
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
in
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
th
ei
r
web
s
i
tes.
A
s
a
r
e
s
u
lt,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
b
o
d
y
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e
b
y
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
t
h
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
ea
ch
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
o
f
p
er
ce
iv
ed
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
lev
el
in
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
ec
to
r
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
DO
L
O
G
Y
W
e
u
s
ed
a
co
n
ten
t
an
aly
s
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
an
al
y
ze
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
en
t
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
web
s
ites
co
n
ten
t
[
14
]
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
c
o
n
ten
t
a
n
aly
s
is
i
n
ev
al
u
atin
g
we
b
s
ite
co
n
te
n
t
is
co
m
m
o
n
[
e.
g
:
15
,
16
]
.
I
n
c
o
m
p
a
r
in
g
th
e
web
s
ites
’
co
n
ten
t,
w
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
a
b
en
ch
m
a
r
k
in
g
s
tr
ateg
y
to
ev
alu
ate
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
lev
el
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
o
f
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
web
s
ites
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
T
h
e
b
en
c
h
m
ar
k
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
as
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
in
ten
s
iv
ely
in
co
m
p
ar
in
g
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
en
t
web
s
ites
[
e.
g
:
17
,
18
]
.
B
en
c
h
m
ar
k
i
n
g
s
tr
ateg
y
h
el
p
r
esear
ch
er
s
t
o
co
m
p
ar
e
v
ar
io
u
s
cr
iter
ia
o
n
a
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
web
s
ites
b
y
cl
u
s
ter
in
g
th
em
in
to
a
ce
r
tain
le
v
el
u
s
in
g
web
s
ite
co
n
ten
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
[
19
,
20
]
.
T
h
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
an
d
in
s
titu
te
web
s
ites
wer
e
ev
alu
ated
d
u
r
in
g
d
ata
co
llectio
n
f
r
o
m
ea
r
ly
J
an
u
ar
y
to
Ap
r
il
2
0
1
9
.
Du
r
i
n
g
th
e
ass
ess
m
en
t,
all
web
s
ites
wer
e
ch
ec
k
ed
s
ev
er
al
tim
es
to
ca
p
tu
r
e
all
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
cr
iter
ia.
Ho
wev
er
,
n
ew
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
m
ig
h
t
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ad
d
ed
t
o
a
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
web
s
ite
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
p
er
io
d
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
,
an
d
th
er
e
f
o
r
e,
t
h
e
n
ew
in
t
er
ac
tiv
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
wer
e
r
e
-
v
er
i
f
ied
to
lo
ca
te
an
y
p
o
s
s
ib
le
n
ew
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
n
a
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
web
s
ite.
W
e
th
en
ev
alu
ated
ea
ch
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
en
t
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
o
r
in
s
titu
te
web
s
ite
b
ased
o
n
th
e
cr
iter
ia
f
o
u
n
d
in
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
i
es.
I
n
b
en
c
h
m
ar
k
i
n
g
th
e
in
ter
ac
ti
v
ity
o
f
th
e
web
s
ite
o
f
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
en
t u
n
iv
er
s
ities
,
we
u
s
ed
th
ir
teen
cr
iter
ia
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies.
Fo
r
ea
ch
cr
iter
io
n
,
we
g
iv
e
o
n
e
s
co
r
e,
ex
ce
p
t
f
o
r
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
f
ac
ilit
ies
d
ep
en
d
i
n
g
o
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
o
n
th
e
web
s
ite
o
f
ea
ch
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
.
Me
a
n
wh
ile,
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
e
v
alu
atio
n
a
n
d
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
w
eb
s
ites
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
wer
e
g
r
o
u
p
in
to
f
iv
e
lev
els
f
o
llo
win
g
th
e
p
atter
n
s
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
b
y
Fo
r
tin
an
d
Dh
o
lak
ia
[
12
]
an
d
Palla,
T
s
io
ts
o
u
,
&
Z
o
to
s
[
13
]
.
T
h
e
lev
els
ar
e
v
er
y
h
ig
h
,
h
ig
h
,
m
ed
iu
m
,
lo
w,
an
d
v
e
r
y
lo
w
in
ter
ac
t
iv
ity
.
E
ac
h
lev
el
was
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
th
e
s
co
r
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
a
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
cr
iter
ia
ev
alu
atio
n
.
Prio
r
to
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
th
e
web
s
ite,
we
d
ev
elo
p
ed
cr
it
er
ia
f
o
r
a
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
b
ase
o
n
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies.
T
h
e
cr
iter
ia
o
f
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
co
n
t
ain
f
ea
tu
r
es
as
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
in
T
ab
le
1
b
elo
w
:
Ou
r
b
asic
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
r
elied
o
n
a
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
th
at
is
a
two
-
wa
y
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
an
d
in
te
r
ch
an
g
e
b
etwe
en
tw
o
o
r
m
o
r
e
p
ar
ties
,
o
r
b
etwe
en
s
en
d
er
an
d
r
ec
eiv
er
[
7
,
56
]
o
r
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
r
ec
ip
r
o
ca
l
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
[
57
]
.
T
h
e
in
ter
ac
ti
v
e
f
ac
ilit
ie
s
a
s
d
ep
icted
in
T
ab
le
1
b
elo
w
in
clu
d
e
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
e
-
m
ail
an
d
o
n
lin
e
f
o
r
u
m
s
to
m
ak
e
it
ea
s
ier
f
o
r
p
eo
p
le
to
co
n
tact
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
th
at
h
av
e
web
s
ites
[
3
]
.
W
h
ile
Kaa
y
a
[
58
]
s
ay
s
th
at
an
i
n
ter
ac
tiv
e
web
s
ite
h
as
f
ac
ilit
ies
s
u
ch
as
th
e
r
e
is
a
c
o
lu
m
n
f
o
r
m
em
b
er
s
u
g
g
esti
o
n
s
an
d
o
th
er
f
ac
ilit
ies
th
at
allo
w
f
o
r
two
-
way
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
.
A
we
b
s
ite
is
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
a
h
ig
h
lev
el
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
wh
en
th
e
web
s
ite
h
as
m
an
y
f
ac
ilit
ies
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
o
f
two
-
w
ay
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
etwe
en
an
in
s
titu
tio
n
an
d
its
cu
s
to
m
er
s
.
Fo
r
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
we
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
th
ir
teen
c
r
iter
ia,
a
s
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
th
at
d
eter
m
in
es
web
s
ite
in
ter
a
ctiv
ity
.
T
h
e
cr
iter
ia
wer
e
tak
e
n
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
s
u
c
h
as
Om
ar
,
Sch
ee
p
er
s
,
an
d
Sto
ck
d
ale
[
59
]
,
Nu
r
d
in
,
St
o
ck
d
ale,
Sch
ee
p
er
s
[
60
]
,
San
d
er
s
o
n
[
52
]
,
etc.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
B
en
ch
ma
r
kin
g
leve
l in
tera
ctiv
ity
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia
g
o
ve
r
n
men
t
u
n
ivers
ity
w
eb
s
ites
(
N
u
r
d
in
N
u
r
d
in
)
855
T
ab
le
1.
Cr
it
er
ia
of
an
i
nt
er
ac
ti
ve
w
eb
s
it
e
No
I
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
v
e
F
e
a
t
u
r
e
s
A
u
t
h
o
r
s
1
Emai
l
[
21
-
24
]
2
Te
l
e
p
h
o
n
e
c
o
n
t
a
c
t
[
25
,
26
]
3
S
u
g
g
e
s
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
mm
e
n
t
s f
e
a
t
u
r
e
[
8
,
27
,
28
]
4
N
e
w
s a
n
d
a
n
n
o
u
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
[
29
-
31
]
5
Li
n
k
t
o
o
t
h
e
r
e
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
st
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
w
e
b
si
t
e
s
[
32
,
33
]
6
Li
n
k
t
o
r
e
l
e
v
a
n
t
n
o
n
-
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
i
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
w
e
b
si
t
e
s
[
34
,
35
]
7
d
o
w
n
l
o
a
d
f
o
r
ms
(
su
c
h
a
s re
g
i
st
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
s
t
u
d
y
p
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
f
o
r
ms)
[
36
-
39
]
8
O
n
l
i
n
e
i
n
q
u
i
r
y
f
e
a
t
u
r
e
[
8
,
40
,
41
]
9
O
n
l
i
n
e
c
o
m
p
l
a
i
n
t
f
e
a
t
u
r
e
[
8
,
23
,
42
,
43
]
10
O
n
l
i
n
e
c
h
a
t
f
e
a
t
u
r
e
[
21
,
22
,
44
]
11
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
i
e
s s
o
c
i
a
l
m
e
d
i
a
s
i
t
e
s (
o
n
e
s
c
o
r
e
f
o
r
e
a
c
h
s
o
c
i
a
l
me
d
i
a
s
i
t
e
)
[
45
-
48
]
12
Lo
g
i
n
t
o
i
n
t
r
a
n
e
t
f
a
c
i
l
i
t
y
[
22
,
49
-
52
]
13
O
n
l
i
n
e
p
a
y
me
n
t
sy
s
t
e
m
[
53
-
55
]
3.
RE
SU
L
T
AND
DI
SCUS
SI
O
N
B
ased
o
n
th
e
d
ata
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
R
esear
ch
,
T
ec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
an
d
Hig
h
er
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
cu
r
r
en
tly
,
th
er
e
a
r
e
4
1
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
an
d
in
s
titu
tes.
Go
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
an
d
in
s
titu
tes
ar
e
u
n
d
er
s
to
o
d
as
a
h
ig
h
er
e
d
u
ca
t
io
n
in
s
titu
tio
n
wh
ich
is
f
u
l
ly
o
p
er
ated
u
n
d
er
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
f
u
n
d
in
g
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
.
Go
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
p
o
ly
tech
n
ic
an
d
ac
ad
em
y
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
ar
e
ex
clu
d
ed
f
r
o
m
th
is
s
tu
d
y
d
u
e
to
th
eir
r
o
le
m
er
ely
v
o
ca
tio
n
al
an
d
d
ip
l
o
m
a
lev
el.
T
h
er
e
also
5
6
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
h
ig
h
e
r
r
elig
io
u
s
ed
u
ca
ti
o
n
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
u
n
d
er
th
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
R
elig
io
u
s
Af
f
air
s
,
b
u
t
th
ey
ar
e
n
eith
er
in
cl
u
d
ed
s
in
ce
th
e
f
o
cu
s
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
R
esear
ch
,
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
Hig
h
er
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
o
u
r
an
aly
s
is
,
we
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
f
o
u
r
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
web
s
ite
f
all
in
to
le
v
el
v
e
r
y
h
ig
h
i
n
ter
ac
tiv
e,
twelv
e
web
s
ites
f
all
in
to
h
ig
h
ly
in
ter
ac
tiv
e,
th
ir
teen
web
s
ites
f
all
in
to
m
ed
iu
m
i
n
ter
ac
tiv
e,
f
o
u
r
web
s
ites
f
all
in
to
lo
w
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
,
an
d
o
th
er
f
o
u
r
web
s
ites
f
all
in
to
a
v
er
y
lo
w
lev
el
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
it
y
.
C
o
m
p
lete
r
esu
lts
o
f
b
e
n
ch
m
ar
k
in
g
a
r
e
p
r
esen
t
ed
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
b
elo
w.
Data
f
r
o
m
F
ig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
h
ig
h
est
s
co
r
e
o
f
u
n
iv
e
r
s
i
ty
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
is
1
4
,
an
d
t
h
e
lo
west
s
co
r
e
is
5
.
Hig
h
est
s
co
r
e
w
e
b
s
ites
h
av
e
alm
o
s
t
all
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
as
f
o
u
n
d
in
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
ex
ce
p
t
f
o
r
o
n
lin
e
c
h
at
an
d
lin
k
to
o
th
er
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
web
s
ites
with
lo
wes
t
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
s
co
r
e
m
er
ely
h
av
e
b
asic
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
s
u
ch
as
em
ail,
telep
h
o
n
e,
n
ews,
an
d
lo
g
in
to
in
tr
an
et
s
y
s
tem
s
.
B
etwe
en
all
i
n
ter
ac
tiv
e
f
ea
tu
r
es;
em
ails
,
n
ews,
p
h
o
n
e
n
u
m
b
er
s
,
o
n
lin
e
f
o
r
m
s
,
an
d
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
ar
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
n
th
e
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
web
s
ites
,
wh
ile
a
lin
k
to
o
th
er
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
in
q
u
i
r
ies,
an
d
o
n
lin
e
ch
ats
ar
e
t
h
e
less
co
m
m
o
n
f
ea
tu
r
es.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
b
e
n
ch
m
a
r
k
in
g
wer
e
g
r
o
u
p
ed
in
to
f
i
v
e
lev
e
ls
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
o
f
web
s
ites
f
o
llo
win
g
th
e
p
atter
n
p
r
ac
ticed
b
y
Fo
r
tin
an
d
Dh
o
lak
ia
[
12
]
an
d
Palla,
et
al.
,
[
13
]
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
f
iv
e
-
lev
el
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
cr
iter
ia,
we
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
o
n
l
y
f
o
u
r
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
web
s
ites
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
a
v
er
y
h
ig
h
lev
el
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
,
twelv
e
web
s
ites
ar
e
h
ig
h
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
,
s
ev
en
teen
web
s
ites
ar
e
m
ed
i
u
m
,
an
d
o
th
er
ei
g
h
t
web
s
ites
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
lo
w
an
d
v
e
r
y
lo
w
lev
el
o
f
in
te
r
ac
tiv
ity
.
E
ac
h
lev
el
o
f
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
is
in
d
icate
d
with
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
c
o
lo
r
,
as
d
e
p
icted
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
b
el
o
w
.
Dif
f
er
e
n
t
lev
els
o
f
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
a
r
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
th
e
s
co
r
e
f
r
o
m
0
to
1
4
.
I
n
ter
esti
n
g
ly
,
th
e
th
r
ee
m
o
s
t
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
web
s
ites
d
o
n
o
t
b
elo
n
g
to
f
av
o
r
ite
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
,
wh
ich
ar
e
I
SI
-
Den
p
asar
,
C
en
d
r
awa
s
ih
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
,
an
d
So
lo
State
Un
iv
er
s
ity
.
Ho
wev
er
,
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
to
p
ten
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
h
av
e
h
ig
h
in
ter
a
ctiv
e
web
s
ites
.
Me
an
wh
ile,
lo
w
f
av
o
r
ite
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
f
all
in
t
o
lo
w
o
r
v
er
y
lo
w
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
web
s
ite
ca
teg
o
r
y
.
Hig
h
o
r
lo
w
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
o
f
th
e
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
'
web
s
ite
m
ay
r
ef
lect
th
eir
r
ep
u
tatio
n
as
h
ig
h
e
r
ed
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
t
h
e
r
el
atio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
th
e
r
ep
u
tatio
n
o
f
a
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
an
d
th
e
lev
el
o
f
th
eir
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
is
lim
ited
k
n
o
wn
a
n
d
m
ay
n
ee
d
f
u
r
th
e
r
s
tu
d
ies.
Fig
u
r
e
2
b
elo
w
s
h
o
ws
th
at
ea
ch
lev
el
o
f
web
s
ites
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
h
as
d
if
f
er
en
t
f
ea
tu
r
es
in
wh
ich
th
e
h
ig
h
er
t
h
e
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
l
ev
el
o
f
th
e
web
s
ite
is
,
th
e
m
o
r
e
i
n
ter
ac
tiv
e
f
ea
t
u
r
es
it
h
as.
A
v
e
r
y
h
ig
h
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
web
s
ite
h
as
alm
o
s
t
all
f
ea
tu
r
es
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
t
wo
-
way
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
etw
ee
n
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
an
d
th
eir
u
s
er
s
.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
v
e
r
y
l
o
w
-
lev
el
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
o
f
web
s
ite
m
er
ely
h
as
b
asic
f
ea
t
u
r
es
f
o
r
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
E
v
en
,
s
o
m
e
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
web
s
ites
d
o
n
o
t
h
av
e
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
eir
co
m
m
u
n
icati
o
n
with
co
s
tu
m
er
s
.
L
o
w
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
web
s
ites
r
ef
lect
p
o
o
r
ly
d
esig
n
i
n
ter
f
ac
e,
w
h
ich
lead
s
to
b
ad
u
s
er
in
ter
ac
ti
o
n
an
d
d
is
p
leasin
g
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
with
a
web
s
ite
[
61
]
.
Pre
v
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
[
e.
g
:
5
,
62
]
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
h
ig
h
er
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
web
s
ites
in
in
c
r
ea
s
in
g
u
s
er
s
’
in
ter
est
a
n
d
ex
h
ib
itin
g
th
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
r
ess
io
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
war
d
s
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
.
W
h
en
an
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
h
as
a
h
i
g
h
i
n
ter
ac
ti
v
e
web
s
ite,
its
clien
ts
h
av
e
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
to
b
e
clo
s
ed
with
th
e
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
b
ec
au
s
e
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
a
web
s
ite
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
a
two
-
way
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
[
7
]
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
,
we
b
u
ilt
th
e
lev
el
o
f
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
an
d
p
u
t
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
ea
ch
lev
el
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
as
d
ep
icted
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
2
,
Ap
r
il 2
0
2
0
:
8
5
3
-
8
5
9
856
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
L
e
v
el
o
f
i
n
ter
ac
tiv
ity
:
v
er
y
h
ig
h
h
ig
h
m
ed
iu
m
lo
w
v
er
y
l
o
w
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
L
e
v
el
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
o
f
web
s
ites
an
d
its
cr
iter
ia
B
u
cy
[
63
]
ar
g
u
e
th
at
th
e
lev
el
o
f
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
in
d
icate
s
th
e
ex
te
n
t
to
wh
ich
t
h
e
I
n
ter
n
et
m
im
ics
in
ter
p
er
s
o
n
al
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
B
ased
o
n
B
u
cy
(
2
0
0
7
)
ar
g
u
m
en
t,
we
th
eo
r
ize
d
th
at
a
web
s
ite
with
h
ig
h
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
co
n
f
o
r
m
s
to
in
d
iv
id
u
al
u
s
er
n
ee
d
f
o
r
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
ec
a
u
s
e
m
o
s
t
f
ac
ilit
ies
to
ex
p
r
ess
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
B
en
ch
ma
r
kin
g
leve
l in
tera
ctiv
ity
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia
g
o
ve
r
n
men
t
u
n
ivers
ity
w
eb
s
ites
(
N
u
r
d
in
N
u
r
d
in
)
857
in
d
iv
id
u
al
in
q
u
i
r
ies
a
r
e
a
v
ailab
le.
Me
an
wh
ile,
lo
w
a
n
d
v
e
r
y
lo
w
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
m
er
ely
c
o
n
f
o
r
m
to
th
e
b
asic
n
ee
d
o
f
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
f
ac
ilit
ies b
etwe
en
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
an
d
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
.
Go
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
u
n
i
v
er
s
ities
web
s
ites
with
h
ig
h
er
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
lev
el
h
av
e
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
ea
t
u
r
e
s
s
u
ch
as
h
y
p
er
lin
k
s
to
o
th
er
r
elev
an
t
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
lo
g
in
f
o
r
m
s
,
a
n
d
o
n
lin
e
ch
ats
f
o
r
in
q
u
ir
i
es.
Su
ch
f
ea
tu
r
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
f
o
u
n
d
p
o
s
itiv
ely
im
p
ac
t
p
e
r
ce
p
tio
n
o
n
th
e
le
v
el
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
[
62
]
an
d
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
[
64
]
.
T
h
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
wh
ich
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
r
ec
ip
r
o
ca
l
co
m
m
u
n
ic
atio
n
also
lead
to
th
e
f
ee
lin
g
o
f
u
s
er
s
’
in
v
o
lv
em
e
n
t.
As
s
u
c
h
,
wh
en
th
er
e
is
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
web
s
ite
in
v
o
lv
em
en
t
will
lead
to
h
ig
h
er
p
u
r
ch
ase
in
ten
tio
n
[
21
]
.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
h
ig
h
er
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
o
f
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
web
s
ites
m
ay
lead
to
h
ig
h
e
r
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
e
n
r
o
l
m
en
t,
b
u
t
th
is
ass
u
m
p
tio
n
s
till
r
eq
u
ir
es
f
u
r
th
er
em
p
ir
ical
v
er
if
icatio
n
.
Ho
wev
er
,
t
h
er
e
a
r
e
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
tu
d
ies
[
e.
g
:
16
,
65
]
h
av
e
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
web
s
ites
h
av
e
a
s
tr
o
n
g
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
en
r
o
lm
en
t
an
d
r
eten
tio
n
.
T
h
o
s
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
m
ay
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
in
wh
ich
m
o
s
t o
f
th
e
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
en
t
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
with
h
ig
h
er
in
ter
a
ctiv
ity
web
s
ites
h
av
e
h
ig
h
e
r
s
t
u
d
en
ts
en
r
o
lm
en
ts
in
2
0
1
9
.
Fo
r
e
x
am
p
le,
B
r
awijay
a
Un
iv
er
s
ity
,
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
Dip
o
n
e
g
o
r
o
,
a
n
d
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
Ma
lan
g
r
ec
eiv
ed
m
o
r
e
th
an
4
0
th
o
u
s
an
d
a
p
p
li
ca
n
ts
in
2
0
19
[
66
]
.
T
h
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ities
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
web
s
ite
m
ig
h
t
h
av
e
in
c
r
ea
s
ed
th
eir
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
an
d
r
esp
o
n
s
iv
e
n
ess
th
at
attr
ac
t p
o
ten
tial stu
d
en
ts
to
ap
p
ly
at
th
e
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ities
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
b
u
ild
s
f
iv
e
lev
els
o
f
web
s
ite
in
t
er
ac
tiv
ity
b
ase
o
n
cr
iter
ia
f
o
u
n
d
f
r
o
m
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
in
g
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
web
s
ites
.
W
e
g
r
o
u
p
ed
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
web
s
ites
in
to
ea
ch
lev
els
o
f
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
cr
iter
ia
f
o
u
n
d
in
t
h
eir
web
s
ites
.
E
ac
h
lev
el
o
f
web
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
co
n
tain
s
f
ea
tu
r
es
wh
ich
r
ef
lect
th
e
co
m
p
leten
ess
o
f
two
-
way
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
c
h
an
n
els.
T
h
e
f
i
v
e
-
lev
el
o
f
we
b
s
ite
in
te
r
ac
tiv
ity
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ca
n
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
th
e
b
o
d
y
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e
with
in
th
e
w
eb
s
ite
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
ar
ea
.
I
n
th
e
en
d
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
b
e
n
ef
icial
f
o
r
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
an
d
o
th
er
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
web
s
ites
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
f
o
r
d
esig
n
in
g
an
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
web
s
ite
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
eir
c
u
s
to
m
er
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
.
Fo
r
f
u
r
t
h
er
r
esear
ch
,
it
is
in
ter
esti
n
g
to
s
tu
d
y
th
e
ef
f
ec
t w
eb
s
ite
in
ter
ac
tiv
ity
o
n
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
co
s
tu
m
er
s
'
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
em
p
ir
ically
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
S
.
A.
W.
Dre
w,
"
F
r
o
m
k
n
o
wl
e
d
g
e
to
a
c
ti
o
n
:
th
e
imp
a
c
t
o
f
b
e
n
c
h
m
a
rk
in
g
o
n
o
rg
a
n
iza
ti
o
n
a
l
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
,
"
L
o
n
g
R
a
n
g
e
Pl
a
n
n
in
g
,
v
o
l
.
3
0
,
p
p
.
4
2
7
-
4
4
1
,
1
9
9
7
.
[2
]
S
.
Kim
,
"
We
b
-
In
tera
c
ti
v
it
y
d
ime
n
sio
n
s
a
n
d
S
h
o
p
p
in
g
E
x
p
e
rien
ti
a
l
Va
lu
e
,
"
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
In
ter
n
e
t
B
u
sin
e
ss
v
o
l.
9
,
p
p
.
1
-
2
5
,
2
0
1
1
.
[3
]
Un
it
e
d
-
Na
ti
o
n
s,
UN
E
-
G
o
v
e
rn
m
e
n
t
S
u
r
v
e
y
:
F
r
o
m
E
-
G
o
v
e
rn
m
e
n
t
to
C
o
n
n
e
c
t
G
o
v
e
rn
a
n
c
e
[On
li
n
e
],
Av
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
:
//
u
n
p
a
n
1
.
u
n
.
o
r
g
/i
n
t
ra
d
o
c
/
g
ro
u
p
s/p
u
b
li
c
/
d
o
c
u
m
e
n
ts/u
n
/u
n
p
a
n
0
2
8
6
0
7
.
p
d
f
,
2
0
0
8
.
[4
]
E.
J.
Ka
rso
n
a
n
d
P
.
K
.
Ko
rg
a
o
n
k
a
r,
"
An
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tal
I
n
v
e
sti
g
a
t
io
n
o
f
In
ter
n
e
t
Ad
v
e
rt
isin
g
a
n
d
t
h
e
El
a
b
o
ra
ti
o
n
Li
k
e
li
h
o
o
d
M
o
d
e
l
,
"
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
C
u
rr
e
n
t
Iss
u
e
s &
Res
e
a
rc
h
in
Ad
v
e
rtisin
g
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
p
p
.
5
3
-
7
2
,
2
0
0
1
.
[5
]
M.
S
icili
a
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Atti
t
u
d
e
F
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
O
n
li
n
e
-
h
o
w
th
e
C
o
n
s
u
m
e
r'
s
n
e
e
d
fo
r
Co
g
n
it
io
n
Affe
c
ts
th
e
Re
latio
n
sh
i
p
b
e
twe
e
n
Atti
tu
d
e
t
o
wa
rd
s
th
e
We
b
site
a
n
d
Atti
t
u
d
e
to
wa
rd
s
t
h
e
Bra
n
d
,
"
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
a
rk
e
t
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
4
8
,
p
p
.
1
3
9
-
1
5
4
,
2
0
0
6
.
[6
]
A.
M
e
n
tes
a
n
d
A.
H.
Tu
ra
n
,
"
A
ss
e
ss
in
g
Th
e
Us
a
b
il
it
y
Of
Un
i
v
e
rsity
Web
sites
:
An
Emp
iri
c
a
l
S
t
u
d
y
O
n
Na
m
ik
Ke
m
a
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
"
T
h
e
T
u
rk
ish
On
li
n
e
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
d
u
c
a
t
io
n
a
l
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
9
,
2
0
1
2
.
[7
]
D.
Eb
e
rle
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
T
h
e
Im
p
a
c
t
o
f
I
n
tera
c
ti
v
e
Co
r
p
o
ra
te
S
o
c
ial
Re
sp
o
n
si
b
il
i
ty
C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
o
n
Co
r
p
o
ra
te
Re
p
u
tatio
n
,
"
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Bu
si
n
e
ss
Et
h
ics
,
v
o
l.
1
1
8
,
p
p
.
7
3
1
-
7
4
6
,
2
0
1
3
.
[8
]
A.
C.
B.
Tse
a
n
d
C.
-
F
.
Ch
a
n
,
"
T
h
e
Re
latio
n
sh
ip
b
e
twe
e
n
In
tera
c
ti
v
e
F
u
n
c
t
io
n
s
a
n
d
Web
si
te
Ra
n
k
i
n
g
,
"
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Ad
v
e
rtisin
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
4
4
,
p
p
.
3
6
9
-
3
7
4
,
2
0
0
4
.
[9
]
M
.
A.
El
g
h
a
ra
b
a
wy
a
n
d
M
.
A.
A
y
u
,
"
Web
c
o
n
ten
t
a
c
c
e
ss
ib
il
it
y
a
n
d
it
s
re
latio
n
to
We
b
o
m
e
tri
c
s
ra
n
k
in
g
a
n
d
se
a
rc
h
e
n
g
in
e
s
o
p
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
,
"
in
2
0
1
1
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Res
e
a
rc
h
a
n
d
In
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
in
In
f
o
r
ma
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
ms
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
2
0
1
1
.
[1
0
]
B.
M
o
ss
e
a
n
d
E.
A.
Wh
it
ley
,
"
Cr
it
ica
ll
y
Clas
sify
in
g
:
UK
E
-
G
o
v
e
rn
m
e
n
t
Web
si
te
Be
n
c
h
m
a
rk
i
n
g
a
n
d
t
h
e
Re
c
a
stin
g
o
f
th
e
C
it
ize
n
s a
s Cu
st
o
m
e
r
"
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
1
9
,
p
p
.
1
4
9
-
1
7
3
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
1
]
I.
Aje
lab
i
a
n
d
Y.
Tan
g
,
"
Th
e
Ad
o
p
t
io
n
o
f
Be
n
c
h
m
a
rk
in
g
P
r
i
n
c
ip
le
s
fo
r
P
ro
jec
t
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
P
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
Im
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t,
"
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
a
n
a
g
in
g
P
u
b
li
c
S
e
c
to
r
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Co
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
(IJ
M
PICT
),
v
o
l
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
9
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
2
]
D.
R.
F
o
rti
n
a
n
d
R.
R.
Dh
o
lak
ia,
"
In
tera
c
ti
v
it
y
a
n
d
v
i
v
id
n
e
ss
e
ffe
c
t
s o
n
p
re
se
n
c
e
a
n
d
i
n
v
o
lv
e
m
e
n
t
wi
th
a
we
b
-
b
a
se
d
a
d
v
e
rti
se
m
e
n
t,
"
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
B
u
sin
e
ss
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l
.
5
8
,
p
p
.
3
8
7
-
3
9
6
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
3
]
P
.
P
a
ll
a
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Eff
e
c
ti
v
e
In
ter
c
a
ti
v
e
Web
sites
:
Ex
a
m
in
i
n
g
t
h
e
M
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.
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8
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].
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.
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9
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2
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.
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4
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5
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9
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R.
Law
,
e
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a
l.
,
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r
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o
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t:
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p
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0
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L.
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u
g
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n
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re
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y
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s
to
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sin
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ss
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sites
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re
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ted
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me
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,
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ti
o
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sites
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Iss
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n
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l.
1
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0
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2
]
C.
-
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.
K
o
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n
d
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.
-
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Wu
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n
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.
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Va
u
g
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l
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,
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y
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re
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Ha
ll
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lac
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2
0
0
4
.
[3
6
]
V.
J.
S
te
v
e
n
se
n
a
n
d
K
.
L.
F
u
n
k
,
"
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sig
n
a
n
d
Im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
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o
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n
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tera
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ti
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e
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to
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p
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rt
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g
-
Term
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a
in
ten
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n
c
e
o
f
Weig
h
t
L
o
ss
,
"
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o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
M
e
d
ica
l
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n
ter
n
e
t
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
2
0
0
8
.
[3
7
]
C.
F
lav
ián
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Th
e
ro
le
p
la
y
e
d
b
y
p
e
rc
e
iv
e
d
u
sa
b
il
it
y
,
sa
ti
sfa
c
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
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s
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m
e
r
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st
o
n
w
e
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site
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y
a
lt
y
,
"
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fo
rm
a
t
io
n
&
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a
n
a
g
e
me
n
t,
v
o
l.
4
3
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
4
,
2
0
0
6
.
[3
8
]
A.
Atre
y
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
S
ta
n
d
a
rd
ise
d
c
o
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se
n
t
f
o
rm
s
o
n
t
h
e
we
b
site
o
f
th
e
Brit
ish
Orth
o
p
a
e
d
ic
As
so
c
iati
o
n
,
"
T
h
e
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
B
o
n
e
a
n
d
J
o
i
n
t
S
u
rg
e
ry
.
Brit
ish
v
o
l
u
me
,
vo
l.
9
0
-
B
,
p
p
.
4
2
2
-
4
2
3
,
2
0
0
8
.
[3
9
]
B.
Ba
h
a
r
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
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i
n
tera
c
ti
v
e
we
b
site
fo
r
a
n
a
l
y
ti
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l
m
e
th
o
d
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o
m
p
a
riso
n
a
n
d
b
ias
e
stim
a
ti
o
n
,
"
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n
ica
l
Bi
o
c
h
e
mistry
,
v
o
l.
5
0
,
p
p
.
1
0
2
5
-
1
0
2
9
,
2
0
1
7
.
[4
0
]
C.
Eb
e
n
e
z
e
r,
"
Us
a
b
il
it
y
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
a
n
NH
S
li
b
ra
r
y
we
b
site,"
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e
a
lt
h
In
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
&
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i
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ra
rie
s
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o
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rn
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l
,
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o
l.
2
0
,
p
p
.
1
3
4
-
1
4
2
,
2
0
0
3
.
[4
1
]
M
.
F
.
M
.
S
a
m
a
n
d
M
.
N.
H.
Tah
ir,
"
Web
site
Q
u
a
li
ty
a
n
d
C
o
n
su
m
e
r
On
li
n
e
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u
rc
h
a
se
In
ten
ti
o
n
o
f
Air
Ti
c
k
e
t
,
"
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ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
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a
sic
&
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p
li
e
d
S
c
ie
n
c
e
s,
v
o
l
.
9
,
p
a
p
e
r
6
,
2
0
1
3
.
[4
2
]
S
.
Lee
a
n
d
B.
J.
C
u
d
e
,
"
Co
n
su
m
e
r
c
o
m
p
lain
t
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
c
h
o
ice
in
o
n
l
in
e
a
n
d
o
ff
li
n
e
p
u
rc
h
a
se
s,"
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ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
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l
o
f
Co
n
su
me
r S
t
u
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ies
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v
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l.
3
6
,
p
p
.
9
0
-
9
6
,
2
0
1
2
.
[4
3
]
N.
Au
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
Co
m
p
lai
n
ts
o
n
th
e
On
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n
e
En
v
iro
n
m
e
n
t
-
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h
e
Ca
se
o
f
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n
g
Ko
n
g
H
o
tels,"
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n
n
a
,
p
p
.
7
3
-
8
5
,
2
0
0
9
.
[4
4
]
D.
Ab
d
u
l
lah
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
A
Co
n
c
e
p
tu
a
l
M
o
d
e
l
o
f
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n
tera
c
ti
v
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t
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l
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site:
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iv
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d
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tera
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ti
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n
d
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u
sto
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e
r
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rc
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iv
e
d
Va
lu
e
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o
wa
rd
Web
site
Re
v
is
it
In
ten
ti
o
n
,
"
Pro
c
e
d
ia
Eco
n
o
mic
s
a
n
d
Fi
n
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n
c
e
,
v
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l.
3
7
,
p
p
.
1
7
0
-
1
7
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
[4
5
]
S
.
Ho
n
g
a
n
d
J.
Kim
,
"
Arc
h
i
tec
tu
ra
l
c
rit
e
ria
fo
r
we
b
site
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
–
c
o
n
c
e
p
t
u
a
l
fra
m
e
wo
rk
a
n
d
e
m
p
iri
c
a
l
v
a
li
d
a
ti
o
n
,
"
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a
v
io
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r &
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f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
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n
o
lo
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y
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v
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l
.
2
3
,
p
p
.
3
3
7
-
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5
7
,
2
0
0
4
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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in
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859
[4
6
]
W.
G
.
M
a
n
g
o
l
d
a
n
d
D.
J.
F
a
u
l
d
s,
"
S
o
c
ial
m
e
d
ia:
Th
e
n
e
w
h
y
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rid
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lem
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t
o
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p
r
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ix
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n
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l.
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2
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p
p
.
3
5
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3
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5
,
2
0
0
9
.
[4
7
]
R.
Ha
n
n
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
We’re
a
ll
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
:
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e
p
o
we
r
o
f
th
e
so
c
ial
m
e
d
ia
e
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o
sy
ste
m
,
"
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sin
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ss
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r
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n
s,
vo
l
.
5
4
,
p
p
.
2
6
5
-
2
7
3
,
2
0
1
1
.
[4
8
]
M
.
J.
C
u
ln
a
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Ho
w
Larg
e
U.S
.
Co
m
p
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ies
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a
n
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e
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ter
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a
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sin
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"
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rte
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c
u
ti
v
e
,
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o
l.
9
,
p
p
.
2
4
3
-
2
5
9
,
2
0
1
0
.
[4
9
]
S
.
F
u
rn
e
ll
,
"
An
a
ss
e
ss
m
e
n
t
o
f
we
b
site p
a
ss
wo
rd
p
ra
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ti
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s,"
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m
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ter
s &
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u
rity,
v
o
l.
2
6
,
p
p
.
4
4
5
-
4
5
1
,
2
0
0
7
.
[5
0
]
J.
G
h
a
p
h
e
ry
,
"
T
o
o
q
u
ic
k
?
Lo
g
a
n
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ly
sis
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ick
Li
n
k
s
fro
m
a
n
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
li
b
ra
ry
we
b
site,"
OCLC
S
y
ste
ms
&
a
mp
;
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e
rv
ice
s: In
ter
n
a
ti
o
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l
d
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g
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ra
ry
p
e
rs
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v
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l.
2
1
,
p
p
.
1
4
8
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1
5
5
,
2
0
0
5
.
[5
1
]
K.
L.
Ch
iew
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Util
isa
ti
o
n
o
f
we
b
site
l
o
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o
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is
h
in
g
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tec
ti
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n
,
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o
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ter
s
&
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e
c
u
rity,
v
o
l
.
5
4
,
p
p
.
1
6
-
2
6
,
2
0
1
5
.
[5
2
]
D.
S
a
n
d
e
rso
n
,
“
Be
n
c
h
m
a
rk
i
n
g
u
n
i
v
e
rsity
we
b
sites
[On
li
n
e
],
”
Av
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
:/
/
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ig
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talc
o
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m
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re
ws
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a
c
.
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k
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h
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u
n
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e
rsity
-
we
b
sites
/
,
2
0
1
5
.
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3
]
T.
Z
h
o
u
,
"
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x
a
m
in
in
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th
e
c
rit
ica
l
su
c
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ss
fa
c
to
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o
f
m
o
b
il
e
we
b
site
a
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p
ti
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n
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"
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n
li
n
e
In
f
o
rm
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e
v
iew,
v
o
l.
3
5
,
p
p
.
6
3
6
-
6
5
2
,
2
0
1
1
.
[5
4
]
A.
Vla
h
v
e
i
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Estab
li
sh
in
g
a
S
tr
o
n
g
Bra
n
d
Id
e
n
t
it
y
T
h
ro
u
g
h
a
Web
site:
T
h
e
Ca
se
o
f
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re
e
k
F
o
o
d
S
M
Es,
"
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c
e
d
ia
Ec
o
n
o
mic
s a
n
d
F
in
a
n
c
e
,
v
o
l.
5
,
p
p
.
7
7
1
-
7
7
8
,
2
0
1
3
.
[5
5
]
H.
-
M
.
Ku
o
a
n
d
C.
-
W.
C
h
e
n
,
"
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
Of
Qu
a
li
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To
Im
p
ro
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a
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o
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Web
site In
terfa
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sig
n
,
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ter
n
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ti
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l
J
o
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f
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n
o
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g
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n
fo
rm
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n
a
n
d
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tro
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v
o
l.
7
,
p
p
.
2
5
3
-
2
6
8
,
2
0
1
1
.
[5
6
]
Y.
Li
u
a
n
d
L.
J.
S
h
ru
m
,
"
W
h
a
t
i
s
In
tera
c
ti
v
it
y
a
n
d
is
i
t
Alwa
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s
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u
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h
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G
o
o
d
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in
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?
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p
li
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a
ti
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o
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De
fi
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n
,
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e
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tera
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ss
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"
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o
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rn
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rtisin
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,
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l
.
3
1
,
p
p
.
5
3
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4
,
2
0
0
2
.
[5
7
]
J.
V.
P
a
v
li
k
,
Ne
w
me
d
ia
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
:
c
u
lt
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p
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,
Lo
n
d
o
n
:
P
e
a
rso
n
,
1
9
9
7
.
[5
8
]
J.
Ka
a
y
a
,
"
Im
p
lem
e
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ti
n
g
E
-
G
o
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e
rn
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s
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t
Afric
a
:
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ro
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a
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o
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o
v
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Web
sites
,
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lec
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o
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rn
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E
-
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e
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me
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l.
2
,
p
p
.
3
9
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4
,
2
0
0
4
.
[5
9
]
K.
Om
a
r
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Ho
w
M
a
tu
re
is
Vic
to
rian
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c
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l
E
-
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e
rn
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e
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t:
An
Ov
e
ra
ll
Vie
w,"
in
ACIS
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g
s
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e
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rn
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.
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0
]
N.
Nu
rd
in
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Be
n
c
h
m
a
rk
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n
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In
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