TELKOM
NIKA
, Vol.12, No
.2, June 20
14
, pp. 305~3
1
4
ISSN: 1693-6
930,
accredited
A
by DIKTI, De
cree No: 58/DIK
T
I/Kep/2013
DOI
:
10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v12i2.1889
305
Re
cei
v
ed
No
vem
ber 2
1
, 2013; Re
vi
sed
March 25, 20
14; Accepted
April 13, 201
4
Web-SCADA for Monitoring and Controlling Hybrid
Wind-PV Power System
Ar
y
u
anto Soetedjo*, Yus
u
f Ismail Na
khoda, Ab
ra
ham Lomi, Farhan
Dep
a
rtment of Electrical E
ngi
neer
ing, Nati
on
al
Institute of T
e
chn
o
lo
g
y
, Mal
ang, Ind
ones
ia
*Corres
p
o
ndi
n
g
author, e-ma
i
l
: ar
y
u
anto
@
g
m
ail.com
A
b
st
r
a
ct
This p
aper
pr
esents the
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
tation
of
W
eb-SCADA
o
n
the hy
bri
d
w
i
nd-PV p
o
w
e
r system.
Both the
el
ectrical
par
amater
s such
as curr
ent, volt
a
ge, p
o
w
e
r an
d the
envir
on
me
nt p
a
ra
meters s
u
c
h
a
s
w
i
nd spee
d, solar irra
di
ation
,
and PV temperatur
e ar
e
mo
nitor
ed re
motely via Inter
net usin
g a w
e
b
browser. The
SCADA system
allows t
he
user to control the hy
brid
pow
er system
r
e
motely. The low cost
sensor syste
m
s, RTUs and
PLC are
deve
l
ope
d for i
m
pl
e
m
e
n
tin
g
the S
C
ADA syste
m
. The IntegraX
or
SCADA is
e
m
p
l
oye
d
as th
e W
eb-SCA
D
A softw
are. It provid
es the e
a
sy w
a
y for deve
l
o
p
in
g the W
eb-
bas
e
d
SCADA a
p
p
lic
ation. T
h
e ex
p
e
ri
ment
al res
u
l
t
s show
t
hat th
e W
eb-SCA
D
A
w
o
rks prop
erl
y
in th
e
mon
i
to
ring
and co
ntroll
in
g
the hybrid p
o
w
er system. The dev
elo
p
e
d
sensor syste
m
s provid
es the
averag
e error
of
2.87%. T
he
de
velo
ped
RT
Us are a
b
le to
acq
u
ire th
e s
ens
or
data a
nd co
mmu
n
ic
ate w
i
th the SCAD
A ser
v
er
in real-time.
Ke
y
w
ords
: Web-SCA
D
A, hybrid power system
,
RTU, PLC,
IntegraXor, sensor
1. Introduc
tion
Re
cent d
e
vel
opment
s in
rene
wable
en
ergy
re
sou
r
ces in
crea
se
signifi
cantly. A hybri
d
techn
o
logy th
at combi
n
e
s
several re
ne
wabl
e
re
so
urce
s be
com
e
s a comm
on trend, such
as
the
hybrid
wind
-solar p
o
wer
sy
stem
s [1]-[5]. Due to it
s nat
ure, the
hybri
d
po
wer sy
stems
are
usua
lly
locate
d se
parately in rural
area. To
cont
rol and
m
onitor them re
mo
tely, the SCADA (Supe
rvisory
Control and
Data Acq
u
isit
ion) sy
stem
s were em
plo
y
ed in [6]-[9]. The SCADA system co
uld
monitor the
real-time
ele
c
trical
data
me
asu
r
em
ent
of
the hyb
r
id p
o
we
r
system
con
s
i
s
ts
of wi
nd
turbine,
sola
r module
s
, an
d battery [6]. The
me
asurement data
wa
s tr
an
sfe
r
red to the
we
b-
based remot
e
monitori
ng
cente
r
. In [7], the SCADA syste
m
wa
s empl
oye
d
for en
ergy
flow
manag
eme
n
t. They sho
w
e
d
that the SCADA syst
em
provide
s
an
effective deci
s
ion
-
ma
kin
g
to
manag
e the
energy availa
bily of
rene
wable en
ergy reso
urce
s (wi
nd, sola
r, an
d hydro p
o
we
r) to
the con
s
um
ers.
The othe
r ap
proa
ch
es to
use S
C
ADA
system
s in th
e ren
e
wa
ble
energy re
sou
r
ce
s a
r
e
for monito
ring
the wind tu
rb
ine [8] and th
e sun t
r
a
c
ker
system [9]. In [8], the SCADA syste
m
was
use
d
to gathe
r the informat
ion of wind tu
rbine
su
ch
a
s
the condition
of gearbox, blade
s, elect
r
ic
system, etc.
Then the
col
l
ected SCA
D
A data
wa
s analyzed for early wa
rni
ng of the wi
nd
turbine’
s failu
re. In [9], an intelligent sun tracke
r was propo
se
d
to optimize the sola
r po
wer
energy. In th
e system, act
ual po
wer a
n
d
positio
n
of sun tra
c
ked
were monito
red by the SCADA
sy
st
em.
In this pa
pe
r, the SCADA is implem
ented fo
r mo
nitoring
and
controlling th
e hybri
d
power
syste
m
. Comp
are
d
to the
existing s
y
s
t
ems [6]-[9], our
sys
tem monito
rs
both el
ectrica
l
and e
n
viron
m
ent pa
rame
ters. Fu
rthe
r, a we
b-b
a
se
d SCADA i
s
employed t
o
allo
w users to
monitor
and
control the
system via Int
e
rnet. T
h
is
work
extend
s our previo
us work
[1
0],
wh
ere
the hybrid po
wer pl
ant is si
mulated u
s
in
g softwa
r
e.
The re
st of paper i
s
organi
zed a
s
follo
ws. Sect
ion 2 d
e
scrib
e
s the
architectu
re o
f
propo
sed
Web
-
SCA
D
A system. Secti
on 3 de
scribe
s the de
sign
of Web
-
SCA
D
A system. T
he experi
m
en
tal
results a
r
e di
scusse
d in se
ction 4. Co
ncl
u
sio
n
is covered in se
ction
5.
2. Sy
stem Architec
ture
Figure 1 illust
rates the architecture of
proposed SCA
D
A system
. A Web-based SCADA
softwa
r
e (Int
egraX
or [10]) is employed
as the
SCADA web serv
er. The se
rve
r
is con
n
e
c
te
d to
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 16
93-6
930
TELKOM
NIKA
Vol. 12, No. 2, June 20
14: 305 – 31
4
306
the RT
U (Re
m
ote Te
rmin
al Unit)
and
PLC (P
ro
g
r
a
mmable
Logi
c controll
er) for exha
ngin
g
the
informatio
n o
n
the hybrid
wind
-PV power sy
stem.
The se
rver i
s
conne
cted to I
n
ternet, so u
s
ers
c
ould acc
e
ss
them via Internet us
ing the s
t
andard
web brows
e
rs
.
Figure 1. SCADA architect
u
re.
The serve
r
is also conn
ect
ed to the RT
U
and PL
C o
n
the hybrid
power
syste
m
usin
g
seri
al
comm
u
n
icatio
n a
nd l
o
cal
area
net
work re
sp
ecti
vely. RTU an
d PL
C a
r
e th
e field
device
s
to
read d
a
ta fro
m
the sen
s
o
r
s and
sen
d
comman
d
to the actu
ators.The RT
U an
d
PLC are
cho
s
en
by con
s
id
erin
g the cost
s a
nd the p
r
a
c
tical implem
ent
ation of sen
s
or
system
s a
s
de
scri
bed i
n
the
next sectio
n.
The h
a
rdware configu
r
atio
n of p
r
op
ose
d
SCA
D
A is
sho
w
n
in Fi
g
u
re
2. As sho
w
n i
n
the
figure, the hybrid po
we
r sy
stem
co
nsi
s
ts of wind power, sola
r pan
el and battery storage. In the
system, th
e
DC-bu
s
meth
od i
s
ad
opte
d
to lin
k al
l
e
nergy
re
so
urce
s a
nd th
e l
oad. Th
e
con
t
rol
scheme of hy
brid po
we
r sy
stem is to co
nne
ct/d
iscon
nect the po
wer re
so
urce
s, battery and l
oad
from the DC-bus in o
r
de
r to optimize th
e energy
sup
p
ly. A PLC provides the si
gnal co
ntrol
s
for
con
n
e
c
ting/di
sconn
ectin
g
t
hem. Th
e PL
C i
s
conn
ecte
d to SCA
D
A
serve
r
usi
ng
LAN
(Lo
c
al A
r
ea
Network
)
.
There are two RTUs conn
ected to SCADA se
rve
r
for re
adin
g
the data from
sen
s
o
r
s.
Both RT
Us a
r
e co
mmuni
ca
ted with th
e
server
us
i
ng RS-485 se
rial comm
uni
cati
on.
Two kind
s
of
sen
s
o
r
s a
r
e
employed, i.e.: a) sen
s
ors for co
lle
cti
ng the environmental p
a
rameters; and
b)
sen
s
o
r
s fo
r collectin
g the electri
c
al p
a
rameters. The
environm
ent
al para
m
eters to be monit
o
re
d
are:
sola
r i
r
radiation, tem
peratu
r
e
of
PV modul
e, wind
speed,
and win
d
di
rection. Whil
e
the
electri
c
al p
a
rameters to b
e
monitored are:
voltage
and current
of the wind power sy
ste
m
,
voltage a
nd
current of th
e
sola
r p
o
wer system, vo
ltag
e an
d
curre
n
t of the
DC-b
us, voltag
e a
n
d
curre
n
t of the battery, and voltage and
current of the load.
Web
-
SC
AD
A
serv
er: In
tegraXor
serve
r
PC Clien
t
PC Clien
t
Inter
n
et
H
y
bri
d
Win
d
-
P
V Po
wer
S
y
st
e
m
RTU
PLC
Electrical and
environment
p
ar
ameters
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
1693-6
930
Web-SCA
D
A for Monitori
ng and Controlli
ng
Hybri
d
Wi
nd-PV .... (Aryuanto Soetedjo)
307
Figure 2. Hardwa
re config
uration of SCADA system
3. SCAD
A D
esign
3.1. Hard
w
a
r
e
Design
The pro
p
o
s
e
d
Web
-
SCA
D
A is desi
g
n
ed to control
and monitor a small scal
e hybrid
power
syste
m
develo
p
e
d
on
Dep
a
rt
ment of Ele
c
tri
c
al Engi
n
eerin
g, Natio
nal Institute
of
Tech
nolo
g
y Malang, Ind
o
nesi
a
. The h
y
brid po
we
r
system
con
s
i
s
ts of 20
0
Watt win
d
p
o
we
r
system, 6 x
50 Watt sola
r powe
r
syste
m
, and 10
0Ah lead
cry
s
tal
battery. Figu
re 3
sho
w
s the
wind
-PV syst
em whi
c
h wa
s install
ed on
the third floor
of laborato
r
y building.
As
sho
w
n
in
Figure 2,
a P
L
C i
s
empl
oyed to
co
ntrol
the
hyb
r
id po
wer system a
nd
two
RTUs are em
ployed to coll
ect the data from se
ns
ors. The Zelio Sm
art Relay, a small and ch
e
a
p
PLC from S
c
hneid
e
r El
ect
r
ic, i
s
ch
osen
in th
e im
pl
e
m
entation.
Due the
limitati
on of
the
nu
mber
of analog inp
u
ts and the capability to read the se
ns
ors, the Zelio
Smart Relay
is only used
to
control the
hybrid
syste
m
. While th
e sen
s
o
r
s a
r
e ha
ndled
by two RT
Us. The RTUs are
develop
ed b
a
se
d on the
low cost AVR ATmega
85
35 micro
c
ont
rolle
r system
. By developing
su
ch mic
r
o
c
o
n
t
r
olle
r sy
st
e
m
,
v
a
rious
se
ns
o
r
mod
u
le
s could b
e
acq
u
ired e
a
sily.
Figure 4 illu
strate
s the
block di
agra
m
of
develo
ped
RTUs a
nd sen
s
or
module
s
.
Microcontroll
er#1 i
s
used
to acquire the enviro
n
m
ent data fro
m
sola
r irradi
ation se
nsor,
wind
spe
ed
se
nsor, wind
di
re
ction
sen
s
o
r
, a
nd PV-te
m
p
e
r
ature
sen
s
o
r
. The
s
e
se
nsors,
except t
h
e
wind
spee
d sensor, are co
nne
cted
to the microcontroller via the analo
g
input (PA0,PA1,PA2).
While th
e
win
d
sp
eed
sen
s
or i
s
conn
ect
ed via the
dig
i
tal input (P
D2). Th
e confi
guratio
ns of t
h
e
s
e
ns
or
s
ar
e
de
sc
r
i
be
d
in
the
fo
llo
w
i
ng
.
C
o
m
put
er
serve
r
(
Int
e
g
r
aX
or
)
RTU
-
2
RTU
-
1
LAN
RS-485
Wi
n
d
P
o
w
e
r
:
V &
I sens
ors
So
lar irrad
.
sens
o
r
PV tem
p
.
sens
o
r
Wi
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
sens
o
r
Wi
n
d
d
i
r
.
sens
o
r
So
lar power :
V &
I
sens
o
r
s
DC
-
bus
:
V &
I
sens
o
r
s
Loa
d
:
V &
I
sens
o
r
s
Battery:
V &
I
sens
o
r
s
PLC
(
Z
e
lio
Sma
r
t
R
elay
)
AC
Loa
d
DC/AC
Co
nv
erter
Solar Pa
nel
3- Phase
Rectifier
Wi
n
d
Gene
rato
r
Battery
Ch
arg
e
/Disch
arg
e
Co
n
t
ro
ller
D
C
bu
s (1
2 V)
Internet
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 16
93-6
930
TELKOM
NIKA
Vol. 12, No. 2, June 20
14: 305 – 31
4
308
Figure 3. Win
d
-PV power
system.
Figure 4. Block di
agram of
RTUs and
se
nso
r
mod
u
le
s.
PA
0
PA
2
PD
2
PA
1
P
D
0-
PD
1
Micro
c
on
tro
ller:
A
T
MEGA8
535
#1
W
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d se
nso
r
Tem
p
erature s
e
ns
or
W
i
n
d
di
rect
i
o
n
sens
or
Sol
a
r
i
rra
di
at
i
o
n se
ns
or
R
S
23
2 t
o
R
S
4
8
5
PA
0
P
D
0-
PD
1
PA
1
PA
4
PA
2
PA
5
PA
3
PA
6
PA
7
Micro
c
on
tro
ller:
A
T
MEGA8
535
#2
PV-
V
ol
t
a
ge se
nso
r
WPS
-
C
u
rre
nt
s
e
ns
or
R
S
23
2 t
o
R
S
4
8
5
PV-C
ur
re
nt
se
nso
r
Loa
d
-C
ur
rent
s
e
ns
or
WPS
-
V
o
l
t
a
ge
sens
or
Loa
d
-
V
ol
t
a
ge
sens
or
DC
-
bus
-C
u
r
r
e
nt
se
nso
r
DC
-
bus
-
V
ol
t
a
ge se
ns
or
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
1693-6
9
30
Web-SCA
D
A for Monitori
ng and Controlli
ng
Hybri
d
Wi
nd-PV .... (Aryuanto Soetedjo)
309
Figure 5. We
ather st
ation modu
le
(Argent Data Sys
t
em).
A com
m
on
m
e
thod fo
r m
e
asu
r
ing
sola
r
irra
diat
ion
is
usin
g a
pyran
o
meter.
Unfo
rtunately
the pri
c
e of
su
ch
sen
s
o
r
is expe
nsive.
In th
is work, a low
co
st PV module i
s
em
ployed t
o
measure the
sola
r irradi
ation.
Since th
e
voltage of PV module d
e
pend
s on th
e
sola
r irradiat
ion
that falls into
the modul
e, the PV mod
u
l
e
co
uld
b
e
u
s
ed to me
asure the sola
r irradiation
ba
se
d
on its output
voltage. A
small si
ze
PV modul
e (7cm x 5.5cm) i
s
em
ployed.
It has
a no
m
i
nal
output voltag
e of 10 V
and
output
curre
n
t of 30
mA.
Since th
e ma
ximum voltag
e of an
alog i
n
put
of the micro
c
ontrolle
r is 5
V, a simple voltage divide
r is adde
d.
To mea
s
u
r
e
the tempe
r
at
ure of PV m
odule, a
n
int
egrate
d
ci
rcu
i
t temperatu
r
e se
nsor
LM35 is em
ployed. The
sen
s
or
chi
p
prod
uc
es
a voltage which i
s
pro
p
o
rtional to the
temperature,
whe
r
e in
cre
a
s
ing the tem
peratu
r
e of 1
0
C causes in
cre
a
si
ng voltage of 10 mV.
A
multiplier ci
rcuit is added
to the output of sens
or, thus the outp
ut voltage is 5 V when the
temperature i
s
100
0
C.
A weath
e
r st
ation mo
dule
from A
r
ge
nt
Data
Syste
m
as sho
w
n i
n
Figure 5
is e
m
ployed
to mea
s
ure t
he wi
nd
dire
ction and
spe
ed. The
wi
nd
dire
ction
se
n
s
or ha
s
eight
switche
s
whi
c
h
are
con
nect
e
d to eight different resi
sto
r
s. The
mo
dul
e is arran
ged
so 16 diffe
ren
t
position
s
co
uld
be dete
r
min
e
d
by cl
osi
n
g
two
swit
che
s
at o
n
ce. T
hen a
voltag
e divide
r ci
rcuit is a
dde
d
to
interface the module
with the anal
og inp
u
t of micro
c
o
n
trolle
r.
The wi
nd
spe
ed sen
s
or i
s
a cu
p-type a
nemom
eter
with a switch
whi
c
h i
s
cl
osed whe
n
the cup rotates. The wi
nd
speed of 2.
4 km/h ca
uses the switch
closes on
ce
per se
co
nd.
To
measure
the wind sp
eed,
the
numb
e
r
of pulses
ge
nerate
d
by th
e se
nsor
sho
u
ld be
cou
n
ted.
Thus the
se
n
s
or is conne
cted to th
e di
gital input
of
microcontroll
e
r. In thi
s
ca
se, the
external
interrupt port
(PD2
) is em
pl
oyed.
The voltage
and
curre
n
t sensors a
r
e e
m
ployed to
m
easure th
e el
ectri
c
al d
a
ta
of hybrid
power
syste
m
. On
ce th
e
voltage
and
cu
rrent a
r
e
mea
s
u
r
ed,
then the
ele
c
tri
c
al p
o
wer i
s
cal
c
ulate
d
by
the mi
cro
c
o
n
t
roller. Sin
c
e
the voltage
of DC bu
s i
s
1
2
V, a si
mple
voltage divid
e
r
is e
m
ployed
t
o
ste
p
down
the voltage
t
o
the
ra
nge
of 0
– 5
V b
e
fore
conn
ected to th
e a
n
a
log
input of the micro
c
o
n
troll
e
r.
To mea
s
u
r
e t
he current, th
e integ
r
ated
current sen
s
o
r
ACS712
is
e
m
ployed. Th
e
sen
s
o
r
is a
h
a
ll-effe
ct type current
se
nsor which p
r
od
uc
es th
e outp
u
t volta
g
e p
r
o
portio
n
a
l to th
e
cu
rrent
flows on
it. The o
u
tput vol
t
age
cha
nge
s by 10
0 mV
whe
n
the
current
cha
nge
s by 1 A.
Wh
en
there i
s
no
cu
rre
nt, the out
put voltage is 2.5 V. A
voltage divide
r i
s
adde
d to inte
rface th
e sen
s
or
with the microc
ontroller.
3.2. Communication Sy
s
t
em
An ethernet
extensio
n mo
due is ad
ded
to PLC Zelio Smart Rel
a
y to allow the PLC
comm
uni
cate
s with
the
Web-S
C
ADA
server via
LA
N u
s
ing
MO
DBUS T
C
P p
r
otocol [11].
While
both RT
Us a
r
e co
nne
cted
to the Web-SCADA se
rv
er usi
ng RS4
85 se
rial co
mmuni
cation.
To
comm
uni
cate
with the se
rver, the MO
DBUS RT
U
sho
u
ld be d
e
velope
d on
the RTU [1
1].
Fortun
ately, the M
O
DB
US
RTU p
r
oto
c
ol
co
uld
be
imp
l
emented
o
n
ATMega8
535
micro
c
ont
r
oll
e
r
easily. Table
1 and 2 sh
ow the allocatio
n
of
MODBUS addre
s
se
s for PLC (M
O
D
BUS TCP
)
and
RTU
s
(
M
O
D
BUS RT
U) r
e
spe
c
tiv
e
ly
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 16
93-6
930
TELKOM
NIKA
Vol. 12, No. 2, June 20
14: 305 – 31
4
310
Table 1. The
allocation of MODB
US TCP addre
s
se
s.
No. Variable
Name
MODBUS TCP
Address
1.
Wind power disconnecting rela
y
16
2.
PV disconnectin
g
rela
y
17
3.
Batter
y
cha
r
ge c
ontroller
18
4.
Load disconnecting rela
y
19
Table 2. The
allocation of MODB
US RT
U add
re
sses.
No. Variable
Name
MODBUS RTU
Address
1. Solar
irradiation
sensor
16
2. PV
temperatu
r
e
sensor
17
3.
Wind direction sensor
18
4.
Wind speed sensor
19
5. PV-Curr
ent
sens
or
20
6. PV-Voltage
sensor
21
7.
Wind power-
C
ur
r
ent sensor
22
8.
Wind power-Volt
age sensor
23
9. Load-Cu
rre
nt
sensor
24
10. Load-Voltage
se
nsor
25
11. DC-bus-
C
ur
rent
sensor
26
12. DC-bus-Voltag
e
sensor
27
3.3. Soft
w
a
r
e
Design
In this
work
, IntegraX
or softw
are [12] is
use
d
for impl
ementing the
Web
-
SCA
D
A. To run
the We
b-S
C
ADA appli
c
ati
on, the Integ
r
aXor
serve
r
should be
in
st
alled
o
n
the comp
uter se
rve
r
and u
s
ers co
uld view the
grap
hical inte
rface u
s
in
g the we
b bro
w
ser
whi
c
h is
equip
ped wit
h
Adobe SV
G
viewe
r
. Th
e Integ
r
aXor provides
th
e g
r
aphi
cal
tools
(In
k
sca
pe SAGE) for
developin
g
th
e grap
hical in
terface.
The mai
n
di
splay of Web-SCADA
cont
ains th
e g
r
a
phical anim
a
tion of the
co
ntrolle
d
hybrid p
o
wer system
and
the monito
red environm
ental an
d ele
c
tri
c
al pa
ram
e
ters. T
han
ks to
IntegraXo
r
a
nd In
ksca
pe
SAGE whi
c
h
provid
e the
ea
sy way for d
e
velopi
n
g
the
we
b-b
a
se
d
grap
hical a
n
i
m
ation. Th
e f
r
ont-end
di
sp
lay co
nsi
s
ts
of
f
i
v
e
su
b-
sy
st
em
s,
i.e. wi
nd p
o
wer,
so
lar
power, battery, DC-bu
s, an
d load sub-
sy
stem
s as
sho
w
n in Figu
re
6.
Figure 6. We
b-SCA
D
A fro
n
t-end di
spl
a
y
The mete
r a
n
imation
disp
lays a
r
e u
s
e
d
to visu
alize
the current,
voltage, and
power i
n
the hybrid po
wer
system. The ON/O
FF
buttons ar
e use
d
to visualize the po
wer
swit
che
s
for
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
1693-6
930
Web-SCA
D
A for Monitori
ng and Controlli
ng
Hybri
d
Wi
nd-PV .... (Aryuanto Soetedjo)
311
con
n
e
c
ting/di
sconn
ectin
g
the hybri
d
po
wer
su
b-sy
st
ems from the
DC-bu
s
. Th
e
colo
red li
ne
s are
use
d
to visual
ized the
curre
n
t flow, where the
colo
r wil
l
chan
ge whe
n
the cu
rre
nt flows.
In the wind p
o
we
r su
b-system, the meter animatio
n
displ
a
y is use
d
to visualize
the wind
spe
ed. The
wind di
re
ctio
n is visu
alize
d
by t
he com
pass ani
mati
on display. In addition, a
wind
turbine
anim
a
tion will
rota
te acco
rdin
g
to the wi
nd
speed. In th
e
sola
r p
o
wer
sub
-
sy
stem, t
h
e
sola
r irradiati
on is visuali
z
ed by a meter anima
tion di
splay. The th
ermom
e
ter a
n
imation di
sp
lay
is u
s
ed to visualize the PV temperature.
In the
battery sub-syste
m
, the st
ate
of cha
r
ge (SO
C
)
of
the battery is
visuali
z
ed by
a gaug
e anim
a
tion display.
4. Experimental Re
sults
The p
r
op
ose
d
We
b-S
C
ADA is im
ple
m
ented in
re
al hybrid
po
wer
syste
m
and
several
experim
ents
are cond
uct
ed. The exp
e
rime
nt
s cover the devel
oped
sen
s
o
r
systems, th
e
function
ality of Web-S
C
ADA syst
em, an
d the Web
-
S
C
ADA features.
Since the lo
w co
st se
nsor syste
m
s
are
devel
op
ed, the mea
s
ureme
n
t errors a
r
e
cal
c
ulate
d
wit
h
re
sp
ect to t
he calibrated
instru
ment
s a
s
liste
d in T
a
ble 3. As
sh
o
w
n in th
e tabl
e,
the me
asure
m
ent e
r
ror
of
curre
n
t sen
s
o
r
i
s
the
hig
h
e
s
t am
ong
the
others.
F
r
om
the ob
se
rvati
on
it is o
b
taine
d
that the hi
gh
error is cau
s
e
d
by
the
fa
ct that the A
C
S7
12
cu
rre
nt se
nso
r
i
s
suita
b
l
e
for se
nsi
ng th
e high curren
t, while the current in the
hybrid
system is relative l
o
w. It is worthy to
note that the measurement
erro
r of low
co
st sol
a
r irrad
i
ation se
nsor
is low.
Table 3. The
measurement
erro
rs
of develope
d se
nso
r
system
s.
No.
Sensor module
Measurement e
r
r
o
r
Calibr
a
ted
instrument
1.
PV-Curr
ent sens
or
7.62 %
Standard
Amperemete
r
2.
Wind power-
C
ur
r
ent sensor
4.99 %
3.
PV-Voltage sensor
0.27%
Standard Voltme
ter
4.
Wind power-Volt
age sensor
1.18%
5.
Solar irradiation
sensor
0.38%
Solar Po
w
e
r Me
t
e
r
TM-750
6. PV-temperat
ure
sensor
1.80%
Standard
thermomete
r
7.
Wind speed sensor
3.85%
Anemometer L
u
xtron
AM-420
Average
2.87%
To verify the
monitori
ng a
nd control fu
ncti
on
s of th
e Web-S
C
ADA, the monito
ring
an
d
control tasks displaye
d on the web b
r
owse
r
are o
b
se
rved an
d
compa
r
e
d
with the ma
nual
insp
ectio
n
. T
he exp
e
rime
ntal re
sult
s
show that
all control
a
nd monitor
tasks work prop
erly.
Figure 7 sho
w
s the
win
d
power
sub
-
sy
stem anim
a
ti
on display. In the figure, th
e wind
sp
eed
is
23 m/s, the generated current, vo
ltage,
and po
we
r are 12 A, 13 V, and 156 W resp
ectively. The
power
switch
is O
N
as in
dicate
d by th
e O
N
/OFF
b
u
tton in O
N
positio
n an
d
the po
we
r rel
a
y
(
R
L1
)
is
c
l
os
ed
.
Besides the
monitori
ng and co
ntrolling functions, the
comm
on SCADA features such
as
trendin
g
, alarm and rep
o
rt
are also test
ed. Figur
e 8 sho
w
s the tre
nding di
splay
of solar po
wer
system. In
th
e figu
re, PV t
e
mpe
r
ature,
sola
r i
r
r
adiati
on, the
curre
n
t, voltage, a
nd p
o
wer of
sola
r
power
syste
m
are
plotted
again
s
t the ti
me in real
ti
me. Wh
en th
e alarms
are
occured, they
are
displ
a
yed o
n
the ala
r
m
display a
s
sho
w
n in Fi
g. 9. In
the figu
re, th
e ala
r
m
s
a
r
e
occured
wh
e
n
the voltage
of DC-bu
s
a
r
e l
o
wer tha
n
10.5
V. T
he S
C
ADA
report
of
DC-bus (Fi
g
u
r
e
10)
summ
arie
s the value
s
of DC-bu
s
curre
n
t, volt
age, and po
wer. Th
e timestamp
data, averag
e,
minimum an
d
maximum values a
r
e repo
rted.
The re
sults show
t
hat
the prop
osed
system is
su
peri
o
r to th
e p
r
evi
ous sy
stems [6]-[7], in
the sen
s
e tha
t
both electri
c
al and enviro
n
m
ent data a
r
e monito
red
via the Web-SCADA.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
ISSN: 16
93-6
930
TELKOM
NIKA
Vol. 12, No. 2, June 20
14: 305 – 31
4
312
Figure 7. Win
d
power sub
-
system a
n
im
ation display.
Figure 8. Tre
nding di
splay
of solar p
o
we
r system
Figure 9. SCADA alarm di
splay
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
TELKOM
NIKA
ISSN:
1693-6
930
Web-SCA
D
A for Monitori
ng and Controlli
ng
Hybri
d
Wi
nd-PV .... (Aryuanto Soetedjo)
313
Figure 10. SCADA re
po
rt displ
a
y of the DC-bu
s
5. Conclusio
n
The
Web
-
SCADA is im
ple
m
ented fo
r m
onitorin
g
an
d
cont
rol the
h
y
brid po
we
r
system.
The se
nsor systems an
d RTUs are de
veloped to
co
llect data of the el
ect
r
ical and environm
ent
para
m
eters
whi
c
h a
r
e
se
nt to the
We
b-SCA
D
A se
rver. Whil
e th
e co
ntrol
co
mmand i
s
se
nt by
the Web
-
SCADA serve
r
to PLC for co
ntrolli
ng the
hybrid po
we
r system. The
developed
Web
-
SCADA sy
ste
m
is teste
d
o
n
the 500
W
hybrid
wind
-p
owe
r
sy
stem
and sho
w
s
a good
re
sult, in
the se
nse tha
t
the We
b-S
C
ADA is
able t
o
monito
r
an
d c
o
n
t
r
o
l th
e hyb
r
id
po
we
r
sys
te
m re
mo
tely
via the web b
r
owse
rs.
In future, the
SCADA
syste
m
will
be
extende
d to m
o
nitor a
nd
co
ntrol the
mo
re
compl
e
x
hybrid p
o
wer system
s. Fu
rther, the
co
mmuni
cation
net
wo
rk
s a
n
d
t
he se
cu
rit
y
issue
s
will
be
addresse
d.
Referen
ces
[1]
Qi W
,
Liu J,
Che
n
X, C
h
ris
t
ofides P
D
. S
uperv
i
sor
y
Pr
e
d
ictive
Co
ntrol
of Stan
dal
on
e W
i
nd/S
o
lar
Energ
y
Gen
e
ra
tion S
y
stems.
IEEE Trans. on Control System
s Technology
.
2011; 19(
1): 199-2
07.
[2]
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ncia
ga
F
,
Pulesto
n
PF
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i
sor Co
ntrol
for
a Sta
nd-Al
one
H
y
br
i
d
Gen
e
ratio
n
S
y
stem
Usin
g
W
i
nd an
d Phot
ovolta
ic Energ
y
.
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gy Conversion
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0
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Omari O, Ortjohan
n E, Mohd
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An Onlin
e C
ontr
o
l Strategy for
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upl
ed
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y
brid Pow
e
r
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eed
ings
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a
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hm
y
FH, El-S
a
y
ed MA
H.
Artificial Inte
lli
ge
nce T
e
ch
ni
que
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lli
ng PV-W
i
n
d
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e
red
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a
l
Z
one
i
n
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g
ypt
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di
ngs
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ation
a
l
Co
nfere
n
ce
o
n
R
ene
w
a
b
l
e
Energ
i
es
an
d
Po
w
e
r Qua
lit
y
.
Vale
ncia. 2
009
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[5]
Atia DM, F
a
h
m
y
F
H
, Ahm
e
d NM, D
o
rrah
HT
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g
and
Co
ntrol P
V
-W
ind H
y
b
r
id
S
y
stem
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d
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u
zz
y Lo
g
i
c Co
ntrol T
e
chni
que.
T
E
LK
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nesi
an J
ourn
a
l
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al
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neer
in
g
.
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[6]
W
ang L, Li
u K
H
.
Impl
e
m
ent
a
t
ion of a W
eb-
Based
Rea
l
-T
i
m
e M
onitor
i
n
g
and C
ontro
l System for a
Hybrid W
i
nd-P
V
-Battery Ren
e
w
able E
nerg
y
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. Pro
c
eed
ings
of Internatio
nal
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nferenc
e o
n
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gent S
y
stems Appl
icatio
ns to
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w
e
r S
ystems. Niigata.
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[7]
Dumitru CD, Gligor
A.
S
C
ADA Bas
ed
Softw
are for Ren
e
w
able
E
nergy M
a
n
age
me
nt Syste
m
.
Procee
din
g
s of
Internati
o
n
a
l Confer
ence
E
m
ergin
g
M
a
rke
t
s Queries
in
F
i
na
nce
an
d B
u
siness. T
a
rg
u
Mures. 201
2; 3
:
262-26
7.
[8]
Kim K, Parth
a
s
a
rath
y G, U
l
u
y
ol O, F
o
sl
ie
n
W
,
Sheng
S, F
l
emin
g P.
Use
of SCADA
D
a
ta for Fa
ilur
e
Detectio
n i
n
W
i
nd T
u
rb
in
e
s
. Procee
din
g
s
of Ener
g
y
Sustain
abi
lit
y
Confer
ence
a
nd F
u
el C
e
ll
Confer
ence. W
a
shi
ngto
n
DC. 201
1.
[9]
F
i
gue
ired
o JMG, Sa da Costa JMG.
Intellig
ent Sun-Tracki
ng Syste
m
for Efficiency Maxi
mi
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
Photovo
l
taic E
nergy Pro
ducti
on
. Pro
c
ee
d
i
n
g
s o
f
In
te
rn
a
t
i
ona
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
en
ce
On
R
e
ne
w
a
b
l
e En
e
r
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