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a
c
c
u
m
u
l
a
ti
o
n
(
M
t
)
o
f
I
T
U
-
R
P
.
8
3
7
-
6
f
o
r
Nig
er
ia
[
9
]
.
I
n
s
tead
o
f
d
ep
e
n
d
in
g
o
n
β
an
d
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
t
ag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
r
ain
f
r
o
m
s
ix
-
h
o
u
r
tem
p
o
r
al
r
eso
lu
tio
n
d
ata
(
P
r6
)
to
ca
lcu
l
ate
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
r
ain
in
an
av
er
ag
e
y
ea
r
(
P
0
)
,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
T
R
M
M
3
A2
5
an
d
3
B
4
3
d
ata
to
esti
m
ate
P
0
an
d
M
t
was
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
test
ed
in
a
f
ew
tr
o
p
ical
an
d
eq
u
ato
r
ial
s
ites
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
Ma
lay
s
ia
[
10
]
.
R
ec
en
tly
,
a
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
T
R
MM
3
B
4
2
an
d
3
B
4
3
h
a
d
b
e
en
test
ed
to
m
o
d
e
l
one
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
all
in
Ko
to
ta
b
an
g
,
W
est
Su
m
atr
a,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
[
1
1
]
.
D
ata
with
v
er
y
h
ig
h
s
p
atial
r
eso
lu
tio
n
(
0
.
1
)
s
u
c
h
as
Glo
b
al
Satellite
Ma
p
p
in
g
o
f
Pre
cip
itatio
n
(
GSMa
P)
an
d
Glo
b
al
Pre
cip
it
atio
n
Me
asu
r
em
en
t
(
GPM)
wer
e
u
s
ed
an
d
th
e
r
esu
lts
wer
e
v
alid
ated
with
r
ai
n
g
au
g
e
d
ata
at
Ko
to
tab
an
g
[
12
,
13
]
.
Similar
to
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
b
ased
o
n
T
R
MM
d
ata,
m
o
d
if
ied
I
T
U
-
R
P.
8
3
7
-
6
u
s
in
g
GSMa
P
an
d
GPM
o
b
tain
ed
a
lo
wer
one
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
at
K
o
to
tab
an
g
t
h
an
th
e
d
ef
au
lt I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6.
T
h
e
I
T
U
r
elea
s
ed
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
7
in
2
0
1
7
.
T
h
is
m
o
d
el
wo
r
k
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
a
v
er
ag
e
m
o
n
t
h
ly
r
ain
f
all
wh
ich
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
5
0
y
ea
r
s
(
1
9
5
1
-
2
0
0
0
)
o
f
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
Glo
b
al
Pre
cip
itatio
n
C
lim
ato
l
o
g
y
C
en
tr
e
(
GPC
C
)
C
lim
ato
lo
g
y
(
V
2
0
1
5
)
o
v
er
la
n
d
a
n
d
f
r
o
m
3
6
d
atab
ases
o
f
th
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
C
en
ter
o
f
Me
d
i
u
m
-
r
an
g
e
W
ea
th
er
Fo
r
ec
ast
(
E
C
MW
F)
[
8
]
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
y
ea
r
s
,
1
9
7
9
-
2
0
1
4
,
with
a
s
p
atial
r
eso
lu
tio
n
o
f
0
.
2
5
,
wh
ich
was
f
iv
e
tim
es
s
m
aller
th
an
th
e
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
.
T
esti
n
g
th
is
m
o
d
el
in
I
r
elan
d
in
d
icate
d
th
at
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
7
p
r
ed
ictio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
h
o
w
ed
a
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
th
a
n
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
,
wh
ich
o
v
e
r
es
tim
ate
d
th
e
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
al
l
r
ate
[
1
4
].
H
o
wev
er
,
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
is
m
o
d
el
h
a
d
n
o
t
y
et
b
ee
n
ev
alu
ate
d
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
wh
ich
h
as
clim
atic
r
eg
io
n
with
h
ig
h
r
ai
n
f
all
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
t
h
e
y
ea
r
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
p
r
ec
ip
itatio
n
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
v
ar
ie
d
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
r
eg
io
n
d
u
e
to
co
m
p
lex
to
p
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
1
5
-
18
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
wo
u
ld
e
x
am
in
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
7
to
esti
m
ate
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
wo
u
ld
b
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
o
s
e
esti
m
ated
b
y
th
e
d
ef
au
lt
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
m
o
d
el,
m
o
d
if
ied
I
T
U
-
R
P.
8
3
7
-
6
u
s
in
g
3
B
4
2
an
d
3
B
4
3
,
GSMa
P,
an
d
GPM.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
T
R
MM
3
A2
5
d
ata
wo
u
ld
also
b
e
ev
alu
ated
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
ea
ch
m
o
d
el
wer
e
v
alid
ated
with
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
d
ata
at
f
iv
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
p
o
in
ts
,
n
am
ely
K
o
to
tab
an
g
,
Pad
a
n
g
,
Sicin
cin
,
Po
n
tian
ak
an
d
B
an
d
u
n
g
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
p
o
in
ts
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
was
la
r
g
er
t
h
an
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies.
R
ec
en
t
s
atellite
p
r
ec
ip
itatio
n
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
s
h
o
w
ed
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
am
o
u
n
ts
o
f
p
r
ec
ip
it
atio
n
co
n
ce
n
tr
ate
d
in
th
e
co
astal
r
eg
io
n
s
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
also
q
u
alitativ
ely
ev
alu
ated
th
e
ab
ilit
y
o
f
ea
ch
m
o
d
el
to
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ce
a
r
ai
n
f
all
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
th
at
r
esem
b
le
d
t
h
is
p
atter
n
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
On
e
-
m
in
u
te
r
ai
n
f
all
r
ate
f
o
r
t
h
e
d
esire
d
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
e
x
ce
ed
an
ce
(
P
(
R
)
1
)
was
f
ir
s
t
esti
m
ated
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
d
ef
au
lt
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
[
1
]
.
Def
au
lt
m
ea
n
t
th
at
th
e
in
p
u
t
p
ar
am
eter
P
0
,
wh
ich
was
u
s
ed
to
ca
lcu
late
P
(
R
)
1
,
was
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
P
r6
,
β
,
an
d
M
t
,
wh
ich
wer
e
o
b
tain
e
d
f
r
o
m
E
R
A
-
4
0
d
ata.
Su
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
was
m
o
d
if
ied
b
y
ca
lcu
latin
g
P
0
an
d
M
t
d
ir
ec
tly
u
s
in
g
m
u
ltis
en
s
o
r
y
d
ata
,
with
o
u
t
P
r6
an
d
β
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
P
0
was
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
(
1
)
[
10
]
.
0
=
,
(
1
)
w
h
er
e
N
R
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
ain
y
p
ix
el
s,
an
d
N
T
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
to
tal
p
ix
el
s
.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
m
o
d
if
ie
d
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
was
ex
p
r
ess
ed
b
y
(2
-
4)
(
)
1
=
0
(
−
1
.
09
1
+
1
+
)
(
2
)
=
2
1
7
97
0
(
3
)
=
26
.
02
(
4
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
2
2
9
2
-
2303
2294
w
h
er
e
R
is
th
e
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
f
o
r
th
e
d
esire
d
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
ex
c
ee
d
an
ce
.
T
h
e
d
ata
u
s
ed
to
ca
lc
u
late
P
0
an
d
M
t
ar
e
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
in
T
ab
le
1
.
Deta
iled
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
T
R
MM
3
B
4
2
,
3
B
4
3
,
3
A2
5
,
a
n
d
GSMa
P
as
well
as
GPM
d
ata
co
u
ld
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
in
v
ar
i
o
u
s
liter
atu
r
es [
20
-
22
]
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
was c
alcu
lated
u
s
in
g
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
7
.
All r
esu
lts
wer
e
th
en
co
n
to
u
r
e
d
to
s
ee
th
e
s
p
atial
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
s
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Deta
i
led
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
th
e
in
p
u
ts
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
r
e
d
ictio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
P
r
e
d
i
c
t
i
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
d
D
a
t
a
t
o
o
b
t
a
i
n
i
n
p
u
t
I
n
p
u
t
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o
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r
e
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c
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o
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R
P
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8
3
7
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6
ER
A
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40
6
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h
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r
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1
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1
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1
2
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1
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5
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1
2
5
I
TU
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3
B
4
2
+
3
B
4
3
TR
M
M
3
B
4
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TR
M
M
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TU
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4
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5
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TU
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R
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TU
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P
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TU
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P
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5
On
e
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
all
r
ates
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
o
d
els
wer
e
v
alid
ate
d
u
s
in
g
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
d
ata
at
Ko
to
tab
an
g
(
0
.
2
S,
1
0
0
.
3
2
E
)
,
Sicin
cin
(
0
.
5
4
6
S,
1
0
0
.
3
E
)
,
Pad
a
n
g
(
0
.
9
1
5
S,
1
0
0
.
4
6
E
)
,
Po
n
tian
ak
(
0
.
0
0
S,
1
0
9
.
3
7
S),
an
d
B
an
d
u
n
g
(
6
.
9
S,
1
0
7
.
6
E
)
.
T
o
a
d
eq
u
ately
esti
m
ate
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
s
tatis
tics
,
co
m
p
lete
r
ain
f
all
tim
e
s
er
ies
f
o
r
a
g
iv
e
n
y
ea
r
w
ith
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
i
n
teg
r
atio
n
tim
e
was
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
.
At
Ko
to
tab
an
g
,
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
was
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
O
p
tical
R
ain
Gau
g
e
(
OR
G)
an
d
Par
s
iv
el
d
is
d
r
o
m
eter
.
Ko
to
tab
an
g
h
a
d
th
e
m
o
s
t
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
y
ea
r
s
,
d
u
r
i
n
g
2
0
1
4
,
2
0
1
5
,
2
0
1
6
,
a
n
d
2
0
1
7
u
s
in
g
Par
s
iv
el
an
d
2
0
0
3
,
2
0
0
4
,
2
0
0
5
,
2
0
0
8
,
2
0
0
9
,
2010
,
a
n
d
2
0
1
1
u
s
in
g
th
e
OR
G.
Descr
ip
tio
n
o
f
OR
G
an
d
P
ar
s
iv
el
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
at
Ko
to
tab
an
g
co
u
ld
b
e
f
o
u
n
d
in
s
o
m
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
[
1
6
,
2
3
]
.
Par
s
iv
el
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
was
also
u
s
ed
at
Pad
an
g
,
b
u
t
th
e
av
ailab
ilit
y
o
f
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
was
s
p
ar
s
e
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
d
ata
in
t
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
[
2
4
]
w
er
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
v
alid
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
At
Sicin
cin
,
th
er
e
w
er
e
co
m
p
lete
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
al
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
Par
s
iv
el
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
d
u
r
i
n
g
2
0
1
8
.
At
Po
n
tian
ak
,
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
al
d
ata
ex
is
ted
f
r
o
m
2
0
1
5
-
2
0
1
7
,
b
u
t
th
e
co
m
p
lete
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
al
p
er
io
d
was
o
n
ly
d
u
r
in
g
2
0
1
5
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
o
n
l
y
d
ata
o
b
tai
n
ed
d
u
r
in
g
2
0
1
5
wer
e
u
s
ed
in
th
e
v
alid
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
DB
SG3
d
ata
[
2
5
]
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
v
alid
at
e
th
e
m
o
d
el
r
esu
lts
in
B
an
d
u
n
g
.
T
h
e
d
ata
wer
e
av
ailab
le
d
u
r
in
g
n
i
n
e
y
ea
r
s
f
o
r
0
.
0
0
1
to
5
%
o
f
tim
e
ex
ce
ed
ed
.
T
h
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
el
was
ev
alu
ated
u
s
in
g
r
o
o
t
–
m
ea
n
–
s
q
u
a
r
e
-
er
r
o
r
(
R
MSE
)
an
d
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
o
f
er
r
o
r
s
f
o
r
ea
c
h
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
tim
e
ex
c
ee
d
ed
(
i
)
was
g
iv
e
n
b
y
=
√
∑
(
−
)
2
=
1
(5
)
=
(
−
)
∗
100
(
6
)
w
h
er
e
n
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
lev
els,
R
Ei
an
d
R
Mi
a
r
e
one
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
o
d
el
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
f
o
r
a
g
iv
en
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
tim
e
ex
ce
ed
ed
.
No
t
all
lo
ca
tio
n
s
h
a
d
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
of
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
o
n
th
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
an
d
s
atellites.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
an
av
e
r
ag
e
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
was
u
s
ed
in
th
e
v
alid
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
av
er
ag
e
an
n
u
al
r
ain
f
all
(
M
t
)
an
d
d
ata
d
en
o
tin
g
av
er
ag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
to
h
av
e
r
ain
(
P
0
)
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
ca
lcu
late
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
s
u
s
in
g
th
e
m
o
d
if
ie
d
ITU
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
.
He
n
ce
,
t
h
e
an
n
u
al
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
d
ata
was
ig
n
o
r
e
d
.
I
n
t
h
is
wo
r
k
,
th
e
s
am
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
lev
els
was
u
s
ed
f
o
r
all
lo
ca
tio
n
s
,
s
o
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
R
MSE
v
alu
e
was
ca
lcu
late
d
with
o
u
t
weig
h
tin
g
th
e
er
r
o
r
with
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
y
ea
r
s
a
n
d
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
lev
els,
wh
ich
is
ex
p
r
ess
ed
b
y
(
7
)
=
∑
=
1
(
7
)
wh
er
e
R
MSE
is
r
o
o
t m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
e
er
r
o
r
o
f
s
ite
i
,
an
d
N
s
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
s
ites
(
h
er
e
N
s
=
5
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
I
n
tern
a
tio
n
a
l
Teleco
mmu
n
ic
a
t
io
n
Un
io
n
-
R
a
d
io
co
mmu
n
ica
ti
o
n
S
ec
to
r
P
.
8
3
7
-
6
a
n
d
P
.
8
3
7
-
7
…
(
Ma
r
z
u
ki
)
2295
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
3
.
1
.
C
o
m
pa
riso
n o
f
predict
i
o
n
a
nd
m
ea
s
urem
ent
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
v
alid
atio
n
p
o
in
t
wa
s
Ko
to
tab
an
g
as
s
h
o
wn
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
a)
.
Ko
t
o
tab
an
g
h
ad
th
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
p
lete
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
y
ea
r
s
,
d
u
r
in
g
2
0
1
4
,
2
0
1
5
,
2
0
1
6
,
an
d
2
0
1
7
u
s
in
g
Par
s
iv
el
,
an
d
2
0
0
3
,
2
0
0
4
,
2
0
0
5
,
2
0
0
8
,
2
0
0
9
,
2
0
1
0
,
an
d
2
0
1
1
u
s
in
g
th
e
OR
G.
Av
er
ag
e
an
n
u
a
l
r
ain
f
all
(
M
t
)
b
ased
o
n
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
o
f
th
ese
in
s
tr
u
m
en
ts
was
2
6
0
1
m
m
/
y
e
ar
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
t
h
e
d
ata
f
o
r
a
v
er
ag
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
to
h
av
e
r
ai
n
(
P
0
)
was
1
0
.
2
8
%.
T
h
e
m
o
d
i
f
ied
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
u
s
in
g
T
R
MM
3
A2
5
+
3
B
4
3
s
h
o
w
ed
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
r
ain
f
al
l
r
ate
s
wh
ich
wer
e
clo
s
est
to
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
d
a
ta,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
th
e
d
e
f
au
lt
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
.
T
h
e
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
7
r
esu
lt
ed
i
n
s
m
aller
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
s
th
an
t
h
o
s
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
a
n
d
I
T
U
-
R
P.
8
3
7
-
6
,
esp
ec
ial
ly
wh
en
th
e
tim
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
ex
ce
e
d
ed
0
.
0
1
%
an
d
0
.
1
%,
at
v
er
y
s
m
all
(
0
.
0
0
1
%)
an
d
v
er
y
lar
g
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
es
(
1
%),
ITU
-
R
P.
8
3
7
-
7
r
etr
ie
v
e
d
a
l
ar
g
er
r
ai
n
f
all
r
ate.
I
n
Sicin
cin
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
,
Pa
d
an
g
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
c
)
an
d
Po
n
tian
ak
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
d)
,
th
e
esti
m
ated
v
alu
e
was
m
u
ch
s
m
aller
th
an
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
d
ata.
I
n
Si
cin
cin
,
th
e
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
was
c
o
llected
b
y
a
Par
s
iv
el
d
u
r
in
g
2
0
1
8
.
A
n
n
u
al
r
ain
f
al
l
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
h
av
i
n
g
r
ain
f
all
at
th
is
lo
ca
tio
n
wer
e
5
.
3
8
8
m
m
/y
ea
r
a
n
d
1
2
.
1
7
%,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
d
is
tan
ce
b
etwe
en
Sicin
ci
n
an
d
Ko
to
tab
an
g
was
o
n
ly
ab
o
u
t
6
2
k
m
,
b
u
t
th
e
an
n
u
al
r
ain
f
all
at
th
ese
t
wo
lo
ca
tio
n
s
was
v
er
y
d
if
f
er
en
t
.
I
n
B
an
d
u
n
g
,
th
e
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
s
h
o
ws
a
g
o
o
d
a
g
r
ee
m
en
t
with
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
d
ata
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
e
)
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
(
e)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
cu
m
u
lativ
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
r
ain
f
all
r
a
te
f
r
o
m
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
an
d
m
o
d
els
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
2
2
9
2
-
2303
2296
T
h
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
er
r
o
r
o
f
ea
c
h
esti
m
atio
n
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
Ko
to
ta
b
an
g
is
g
iv
en
as
s
h
o
wn
in
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
(
a
)
.
Neg
ativ
e
v
alu
es
in
d
icate
d
th
at
th
e
m
o
d
el
s
u
n
d
er
esti
m
ate
d
th
e
r
ain
f
all
r
ate
s
.
T
h
e
er
r
o
r
p
er
c
en
tag
e
f
o
r
0
.
0
0
1
%
o
f
tim
e
ex
ce
ed
e
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ef
au
lt
I
T
U
-
R
P.
8
3
7
-
6
,
m
o
d
i
f
ied
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
6
u
s
in
g
T
R
MM
3
B
4
2
+3
B
4
3
,
3
A2
5
+3
B
4
3
,
GSMa
P,
GPM
an
d
I
T
U
-
R
P.8
3
7
-
7
was
-
2
.
4
1
,
-
2
9
.
4
1
,
2
.
6
9
,
-
1
2
.
3
5
,
-
1
1
.
3
2
an
d
3
8
.
4
7
,
r
es
p
ec
tiv
ely
.
Fo
r
0
.
0
1
%
o
f
tim
e
ex
ce
e
d
ed
t
h
e
v
alu
es
wer
e
-
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th
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f
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th
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as sh
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ab
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ar
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(
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r
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d
m
o
d
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r
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r
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tim
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p
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w
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e
x
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tly
b
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p
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f
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m
an
ce
th
a
n
th
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a
u
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6
,
co
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with
a
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[
1
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.
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th
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ITU
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7
an
d
d
e
f
au
lt
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3
7
-
6
.
Am
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th
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test
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th
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d
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c
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te
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ain
f
all
r
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s
at
two
lo
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tio
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s
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r
ately
,
wh
ich
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in
d
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d
b
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all
R
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v
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<
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,
w
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th
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R
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alu
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o
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wer
e
m
o
r
e
th
an
1
0
f
o
r
all
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
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.
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