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IS
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1693
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6930
T
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ha
t
t
a
ke
s
i
nt
o
a
c
c
oun
t
t
he
a
for
e
m
e
n
t
i
on
e
d
c
ha
l
l
e
ng
e
s
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
D
P
-
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
.
T
h
e
prop
os
e
d
s
c
he
m
e
,
a
dop
t
s
a
dyn
a
m
i
c
a
p
proa
c
h
i
n
t
ha
t
t
he
di
v
e
rs
i
f
i
e
d
ne
t
w
ork
t
r
a
f
f
i
c
l
oa
d
of
m
o
de
rn
t
e
l
e
c
o
m
n
e
t
w
or
k
r
e
qui
r
e
s
a
dm
i
s
s
i
on
c
ont
ro
l
pol
i
c
i
e
s
t
o
be
a
da
p
t
i
v
e
t
o
t
he
v
a
ryi
ng
t
r
a
f
fi
c
p
a
t
t
e
rn
.
T
h
e
O
D
P
-
CA
C,
us
i
ng
re
ne
g
ot
i
a
t
i
on
,
e
xpl
o
re
d
t
h
e
u
nus
e
d
ba
ndw
i
d
t
h
o
f
t
he
ne
t
w
ork
a
nd
a
l
l
o
c
a
t
e
s
uc
h
t
o
s
e
rvi
c
e
s
w
hi
c
h
a
t
t
h
e
po
i
nt
of
a
d
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
i
nt
o
t
he
ne
t
w
ork
w
e
r
e
a
va
i
l
e
d
i
ns
u
ffi
c
i
e
nt
r
e
s
our
c
e
s
.
T
h
i
s
b
a
ndw
i
d
t
h
r
e
ne
got
i
a
t
i
on
i
s
don
e
for
a
l
ow
e
r
pri
ori
t
y
s
e
rvi
c
e
s
i
n
t
he
e
v
e
nt
of
t
he
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
t
he
m
e
di
u
m
.
T
hus
,
i
m
pro
vi
ng
t
h
e
ov
e
r
a
l
l
ba
n
dw
i
d
t
h
us
a
ge
of
t
h
e
l
ow
e
r
p
ri
or
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
.
T
o
r
e
a
l
i
z
e
t
h
e
s
p
e
c
i
fi
c
i
nt
e
nt
of
t
hi
s
w
ork,
t
h
e
r
e
m
a
i
ni
ng
pa
rt
of
t
hi
s
w
ork
i
s
ord
e
r
e
d
a
s
fo
l
l
ow
:
S
e
c
t
i
on
2
provi
de
s
a
s
urve
y
o
f
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
s
t
udi
e
s
c
e
n
t
e
ri
n
g
on
CA
C
.
S
e
c
t
i
on
3
pre
s
e
nt
s
a
n
a
na
l
yt
h
i
c
a
l
de
s
c
r
i
pt
i
on
o
f
t
he
a
dop
t
e
d
D
P
-
CA
C
m
od
e
l
.
F
ur
t
h
e
rm
o
re
,
a
n
i
n
-
de
pt
h
i
ns
i
ght
of
t
he
propos
e
d
O
D
P
-
CA
C
a
l
gor
i
t
h
m
w
a
s
e
xp
l
ore
d.
S
ubs
e
q
ue
n
t
l
y
,
i
n
s
e
c
t
i
on
4
w
e
c
a
rr
i
e
d
-
ou
t
t
he
s
i
m
ul
a
t
i
on
of
t
h
e
d
e
ve
l
op
e
d
D
P
-
CA
C
a
nd
O
D
P
-
CA
C
m
od
e
l
s
,
a
nd
a
l
s
o
i
nv
e
s
t
i
ga
t
e
t
h
e
i
r
p
e
rfor
m
a
n
c
e
by
s
ub
j
e
c
t
i
ng
t
h
e
m
t
o
v
oi
c
e
,
vi
d
e
o,
a
nd
re
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
s
e
rv
i
c
e
s
.
T
h
e
n
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
on
re
s
ul
t
s
w
e
r
e
a
na
l
yz
e
d
a
nd
di
s
c
us
s
e
d.
F
i
n
a
l
l
y,
S
e
c
t
i
on
5
c
onc
l
ud
e
s
a
n
d
m
a
k
e
s
r
e
c
o
m
m
e
n
da
t
i
ons
for
fut
u
re
w
ork
.
2.
O
V
ER
V
I
EW
O
F
R
E
LA
TED
WO
R
K
S
S
e
ve
r
a
l
m
e
t
hods
h
a
ve
b
e
e
n
propos
e
d
r
e
c
e
nt
l
y
i
n
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
u
re
s
f
or
r
a
d
i
o
re
s
ou
rc
e
di
s
t
ri
bu
t
i
o
n
i
n
m
ob
i
l
e
ne
t
w
orks
.
W
e
t
hus
,
pr
e
s
e
n
t
a
r
e
v
i
e
w
of
s
o
m
e
of
t
he
s
e
s
t
u
di
e
s
.
[11
,
12
]
,
prop
os
e
d
a
pri
ori
t
y
-
b
a
s
e
d
re
s
our
c
e
di
s
t
ri
but
i
on
s
c
h
e
m
e
fo
r
voi
c
e
a
nd
da
t
a
s
e
rvi
c
e
s
i
n
a
hom
oge
ne
ous
n
e
t
w
ork
us
i
ng
t
he
l
i
m
i
t
e
d
fra
c
t
i
on
a
l
gu
a
rd
c
ha
n
ne
l
(L
F
G
CP
)
.
T
he
i
r
s
t
udy
,
t
ook
i
nt
o
c
ons
i
de
ra
t
i
on
ha
n
doffs
ow
i
n
g
t
o
us
e
r
a
d
a
pt
a
bi
l
i
t
y
,
va
ryi
n
g
t
r
a
ff
i
c
prope
r
t
i
e
s
,
a
nd
c
h
a
ngi
ng
s
e
rvi
c
e
l
o
a
d.
N
um
e
ri
c
a
l
r
e
s
ul
t
s
fro
m
t
he
i
r
pro
pos
e
d
s
c
h
e
m
e
,
re
v
e
a
l
e
d
i
t
s
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
c
onc
urre
n
t
l
y
p
rovi
de
s
uffi
c
i
e
nt
Q
oS
for
b
ot
h
s
e
r
vi
c
e
s
w
hi
l
e
a
l
s
o
m
a
i
n
t
a
i
ni
ng
a
re
a
s
ona
bl
e
n
e
t
w
o
rk
re
s
our
c
e
ut
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on
.
S
i
m
i
l
a
r
l
y
,
K
h
a
nj
a
ri
e
t
.
a
l
,
[
13]
p
ropos
e
d
a
Q
o
S
s
e
ns
i
t
i
ve
a
nd
g
ua
r
a
nt
e
e
d
a
da
p
t
i
v
e
CA
C
for
m
ul
t
i
c
l
a
s
s
s
e
rvi
c
e
i
n
m
obi
l
e
ne
t
w
or
k.
T
he
propos
e
d
m
o
de
l
ut
i
l
i
z
e
s
ba
n
dw
i
dt
h
l
e
a
s
i
ng
a
nd
pre
di
c
t
i
o
n
t
e
c
hni
q
ue
s
i
n
pr
i
or
i
t
i
z
i
n
g
t
r
a
ffi
c
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
for
a
m
a
x
i
m
um
a
l
l
oc
a
t
i
on
of
t
h
e
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
.
T
h
i
s
t
e
c
hni
que
w
a
s
found
t
o
i
m
pr
ove
ba
ndw
i
dt
h
ut
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on.
It
w
a
s
a
l
s
o
fo
und
t
o
re
du
c
e
t
h
e
bl
oc
k
i
ng
pr
oba
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
c
a
l
l
s
s
i
gni
f
i
c
a
nt
l
y.
A
l
s
o
,
[14]
prop
os
e
d
a
CA
C
t
e
c
h
ni
qu
e
t
ha
t
ut
i
l
i
z
e
s
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
r
fe
r
e
nc
e
e
s
t
i
m
a
t
i
on
a
nd
di
ffe
r
e
n
t
i
a
t
i
on
of
Q
oS
d
e
m
a
nd
for
s
e
p
a
ra
t
e
s
e
rv
i
c
e
s
.
T
he
i
n
t
e
rf
e
r
e
nc
e
s
i
n
t
hi
s
c
a
s
e
,
i
s
e
s
t
i
m
a
t
e
d
f
rom
t
he
i
m
p
a
c
t
of
t
he
t
o
-
be
-
a
d
m
i
t
t
e
d
n
e
w
c
a
l
l
o
n
t
h
e
Q
oS
of
t
h
e
e
xi
s
t
i
ng
c
onn
e
c
t
i
ons
i
n
t
h
e
a
d
j
a
c
e
nt
c
e
l
l
s
.
H
i
ghe
r
c
ha
n
c
e
s
of
a
d
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
w
e
re
gi
v
e
n
t
o
c
a
l
l
s
a
dj
a
c
e
nt
t
o
t
h
e
i
r
s
e
rvi
n
g
b
a
s
e
s
t
a
t
i
o
n
(BS
)
a
nd
t
hos
e
e
x
pe
r
i
e
n
c
i
ng
l
ow
e
r
p
a
t
h
-
l
os
s
.
W
hi
l
e
c
a
l
l
s
e
m
a
na
t
i
ng
from
t
h
e
e
dg
e
of
t
he
s
e
r
vi
ng
c
e
l
l
a
nd
h
a
vi
n
g
l
a
rge
p
a
t
h
-
l
os
s
t
o
t
he
s
e
r
vi
ng
BS
h
a
d
t
h
e
t
e
nd
e
nc
y
o
f
i
nt
rodu
c
i
ng
e
xc
e
s
s
i
nt
e
rf
e
re
n
c
e
t
o
a
d
j
a
c
e
n
t
c
e
l
l
s
a
s
s
u
c
h
t
h
e
y
w
e
re
g
i
ve
n
l
ow
e
r
a
dm
i
s
s
i
on
prob
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
.
Re
s
u
l
t
s
fro
m
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
r
e
v
e
a
l
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
prop
os
e
d
s
c
h
e
m
e
pe
rfor
m
s
b
e
t
t
e
r
i
n
out
a
g
e
a
n
d
bl
o
c
ki
ng
prob
a
bi
l
i
t
i
e
s
.
H
ow
e
v
e
r
,
t
h
e
i
s
s
ue
of
c
a
l
l
h
a
nd
-
off
w
a
s
not
c
ons
i
de
r
e
d
i
n
t
he
s
c
he
m
e
.
In
[15
,
16]
,
a
n
op
t
i
m
a
l
j
o
i
nt
c
a
l
l
a
d
m
i
s
s
i
on
c
o
nt
ro
l
(
J
CA
C)
for
i
nt
e
r
-
r
a
di
o
a
c
c
e
s
s
t
e
c
hno
l
ogy
(
RA
T
)
w
a
s
de
ve
l
op
e
d
t
o
c
a
t
e
r
fo
r
i
s
s
u
e
s
a
s
s
oc
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
c
e
l
l
r
e
-
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
for
t
h
e
s
up
port
of
re
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
a
nd
n
on
-
r
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
s
e
rvi
c
e
s
.
T
he
prop
os
e
d
J
CA
C
u
t
i
l
i
z
e
s
a
c
os
t
fu
nc
t
i
on
t
h
a
t
c
o
m
pa
re
s
t
h
e
b
l
oc
ki
ng
a
nd
a
c
c
e
pt
i
ng
c
os
t
s
re
s
pe
c
t
i
ve
l
y.
T
he
s
c
h
e
m
e
a
l
s
o
ut
i
l
i
z
e
s
a
s
e
m
i
-
m
a
r
kov
de
c
i
s
i
on
pro
c
e
s
s
(S
M
D
P
)
i
n
for
m
ul
a
t
i
ng
i
t
s
opt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
on
probl
e
m
.
F
i
n
di
ng
from
t
he
i
r
s
t
u
dy
re
v
e
a
l
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
he
propos
e
d
opt
i
m
a
l
J
CA
C
w
a
s
a
b
l
e
t
o
s
e
l
e
c
t
bi
gge
r
RA
T
for
re
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
s
e
rv
i
c
e
w
h
i
l
e
s
m
a
l
l
e
r
RA
T
w
a
s
a
l
l
oc
a
t
e
d
t
o
no
n
-
re
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
s
e
r
vi
c
e
s
.
F
urt
he
r
m
or
e
,
[17]
p
ropos
e
d
a
ra
d
i
o
r
e
s
ourc
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
nt
(
RRM
)
s
c
he
m
e
w
h
i
c
h
i
n
t
e
g
ra
t
e
d
re
s
ourc
e
-
r
e
s
e
rv
a
t
i
on
e
s
t
i
m
a
t
i
on
(RR
E
)
a
nd
CA
C;
t
h
e
i
r
s
t
u
dy
w
a
s
found
e
d
on
t
h
e
c
onc
e
p
t
of
i
n
t
e
rfe
r
e
n
c
e
gua
rd
m
a
rg
i
n
(IG
M
)
fo
r
CD
M
A
s
ys
t
e
m
s
.
T
he
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
o
ff
e
r
e
d
hi
g
he
r
p
ri
or
i
t
y
t
o
ha
ndoff
c
a
l
l
s
by
re
s
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l
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of
I
G
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W
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a
n
d
Z
hua
ng
[1
8]
,
on
t
he
ot
he
r
ha
n
d
propos
e
d
a
CA
C
for
a
c
ode
d
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s
i
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m
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pl
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a
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t
ha
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pport
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r
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a
r
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c
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r
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qu
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e
nt
s
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t
h
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l
l
s
a
nd
p
a
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k
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t
i
n
t
he
n
e
t
w
o
r
k.
T
h
e
G
oS
for
t
he
i
r
s
c
he
m
e
s
w
i
t
h
r
e
s
pe
c
t
t
o
t
h
e
s
uppor
t
e
d
s
e
rvi
c
e
w
e
r
e
e
v
a
l
ua
t
e
d
i
n
t
e
r
m
s
of
ha
ndoff
c
a
l
l
dropp
i
ng
prob
a
bi
l
i
t
y
a
nd
pa
c
k
e
t
t
r
a
ns
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
de
l
a
y
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
ve
l
y.
R
e
s
ul
t
s
fro
m
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
re
ve
a
l
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
he
propos
e
d
s
c
h
e
m
e
w
a
s
a
bl
e
t
o
s
a
t
i
s
fy
b
ot
h
Q
oS
a
nd
G
oS
re
q
ui
r
e
m
e
nt
s
for
s
u
pport
e
d
t
ra
ff
i
c
a
nd
w
a
s
a
l
s
o
a
bl
e
t
o
r
e
a
l
i
z
e
e
ff
i
c
i
e
nt
ne
t
w
ork
r
e
s
ourc
e
ut
i
l
i
z
a
t
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on
.
In
[19
,
2
0]
a
re
a
l
-
t
i
m
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d
yna
m
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CA
C
s
c
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m
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oS
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roge
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[21]
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t
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pro
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dur
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.


a
c
o
m
pl
e
t
e
s
ha
r
i
ng
(CS
)
-
ba
s
e
d
du
a
l
t
hre
s
ho
l
d
b
a
ndw
i
d
t
h
r
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s
e
rv
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t
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on
(D
T
BR)
a
l
gor
i
t
h
m
w
hi
c
h
ha
ndl
e
s
t
w
o
broa
d
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
of
t
r
a
ffi
c
voi
c
e
t
r
a
ff
i
c
(h
i
gh
pri
o
ri
t
y)
a
nd
d
a
t
a
t
r
a
ffi
c
(l
ow
pri
ori
t
y)
w
a
s
propos
e
d.
T
he
t
o
t
a
l
s
ys
t
e
m
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
C
w
a
s
di
vi
d
e
d
i
n
t
o
t
hr
e
e
pa
rt
i
t
i
o
ns
by
us
i
ng
t
w
o
fi
x
e
d
t
hre
s
ho
l
ds
T
1
a
n
d
T
1
(
T
2
<
T
1
)
.
W
he
n
t
h
e
t
o
t
a
l
oc
c
upi
e
d
b
a
nd
w
i
dt
h
w
a
s
l
e
s
s
t
h
a
n
T
2
,
bo
t
h
vo
i
c
e
a
nd
da
t
a
t
ra
ff
i
c
w
e
re
s
e
rvi
c
e
d
by
t
h
e
s
ys
t
e
m
.
W
h
i
l
e
i
n
c
a
s
e
s
w
he
r
e
t
he
o
c
c
up
i
e
d
ba
n
dw
i
dt
h
w
a
s
m
o
re
t
h
a
n
T
2
but
l
e
s
s
t
h
a
n
T
1
,
onl
y
vo
i
c
e
c
a
l
l
s
w
a
s
s
e
rvi
c
e
d
a
n
d
w
he
n
t
h
e
o
c
c
u
pi
e
d
ba
ndw
i
dt
h
w
a
s
m
o
re
t
ha
n
T
1

,
propos
e
d
a
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
r
e
s
e
rv
a
t
i
on
CA
C
s
c
h
e
m
e
,
w
h
e
re
pr
i
ori
t
y
w
a
s
gi
ve
n
t
o
u
ns
ol
i
c
i
t
e
d
gr
a
n
t
s
e
rv
i
c
e
(U
G
S
)
c
onn
e
c
t
i
on
by
a
l
l
o
c
a
t
i
ng
a
pr
e
de
t
e
r
m
i
ne
d
va
l
ue
of
t
h
e
t
ot
a
l
ne
t
w
ork
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
.
T
he
fi
xe
d
ba
ndw
i
d
t
h
s
e
rv
e
d
t
o
gua
ra
n
t
e
e
gua
ra
n
t
e
e
d
Q
oS
for
U
G
S
.
M
o
re
ov
e
r
,
a
d
e
gr
a
da
t
i
on
m
od
e
l
w
a
s
a
l
s
o
d
e
ve
l
op
e
d
by
t
he
a
ut
h
ors
t
o
re
duc
e
no
n
-
re
a
l
t
i
m
e
p
a
c
ke
t
s
w
i
t
c
h
(
nr
t
P
S
)
c
on
ne
c
t
i
on
fro
m
i
t
s
pe
a
k
s
us
t
a
i
n
e
d
t
ra
ff
i
c
ra
t
e
i
n
a
b
i
d
t
o
re
d
uc
e
t
ra
ff
i
c
r
a
t
e
i
n
orde
r
t
o
a
l
l
ow
for
m
ore
U
G
S
,
re
a
l
t
i
m
e
(r
t
P
S
)
a
nd
non
-
re
a
l
t
i
m
e
p
a
c
k
e
t
s
w
i
t
c
h
(nrt
P
S
)
no
n
-
de
gra
da
t
i
on
m
ode
.
In
c
on
t
ra
s
t
,
onl
y
U
G
S
a
nd
nr
t
P
S
c
onne
c
t
i
ons
w
e
r
e
a
ddr
e
s
s
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
i
r
pr
opos
e
d
a
l
gor
i
t
h
m
.
In
s
u
m
m
a
ry,
m
os
t
of
t
h
e
re
v
i
e
w
e
d
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
ure
s
t
r
i
e
d
t
o
a
ddr
e
s
s
i
s
s
ue
s
c
e
nt
e
r
i
ng
on
G
oS
i
ndi
c
a
t
ors
:
c
a
l
l
bl
oc
k
i
ng
a
n
d
dropp
i
ng
pro
ba
b
i
l
i
t
y
,
by
fa
vori
ng
t
h
e
ha
ndoff
c
a
l
l
s
ov
e
r
n
e
w
c
a
l
l
i
n
t
h
e
i
r
CA
C
pol
i
c
i
e
s
;
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
j
us
t
i
fi
c
a
t
i
on
t
h
a
t
s
uppo
rt
i
ng
a
n
ongo
i
ng
c
a
l
l
i
s
m
o
re
i
m
por
t
a
n
t
t
ha
n
a
c
c
e
p
t
i
n
g
a
f
re
s
h
one
.
T
o
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
of
our
kn
ow
l
e
dge
,
non
e
of
t
he
s
e
s
t
udi
e
s
a
t
t
e
m
pt
e
d
t
he
re
rout
i
ng
of
t
h
e
un
-
t
ra
ns
m
i
t
t
e
d
pa
c
ke
t
s
w
hi
c
h
w
e
e
n
vi
s
a
g
e
c
ou
l
d
he
l
p
m
a
xi
m
i
z
e
t
h
e
o
ve
r
a
l
l
n
e
t
w
or
k
re
s
ou
rc
e
u
t
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on
.
W
e
t
hus
s
e
e
k
t
o
d
e
ve
l
op
a
n
opt
i
m
a
l
dyna
m
i
c
pr
i
ori
t
y
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
w
h
i
c
h
s
e
e
k
t
o
c
a
t
e
r
for
t
h
e
a
fo
re
m
e
n
t
i
on
e
d
g
a
p
w
h
i
l
e
a
l
s
o
gua
ra
nt
e
e
i
ng
Q
oS
of
e
a
c
h
s
e
rvi
c
e
c
l
a
s
s
.
3.
S
Y
S
TEM
D
ES
C
R
I
P
TI
O
N
F
or
t
hi
s
s
t
udy
,
t
w
o
t
yp
e
s
of
s
e
rvi
c
e
s
:
r
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
s
e
rv
i
c
e
(R
T
)
,
s
uc
h
a
s
c
onv
e
rs
a
t
i
on
a
l
a
nd
s
t
re
a
m
i
ng
t
ra
ff
i
c
,
a
n
d
non
-
r
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
s
e
rv
i
c
e
(N
R
T
)
s
uc
h
a
s
i
nt
e
r
a
c
t
i
ve
a
nd
ba
c
kgrou
nd
s
e
rv
i
c
e
s
w
e
re
c
ons
i
de
r
e
d
.
T
o
r
e
a
l
i
z
e
t
he
obj
e
c
t
i
v
e
of
t
h
i
s
s
t
udy
,
w
e
d
i
vi
d
e
t
he
pri
or
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
of
i
n
c
om
i
ng
c
a
l
l
re
q
ue
s
t
s
i
nt
o
four
groups
na
m
e
l
y
:
(grou
p1)
R
T
s
e
rvi
c
e
ha
nd
off
re
q
ue
s
t
s
;
(group
2)
N
RT
s
e
rv
i
c
e
ha
nd
off
re
que
s
t
s
;
(grou
p3)
ne
w
l
y
ori
gi
n
a
t
i
ng
R
T
c
a
l
l
s
;
a
n
d
(
group4)
n
e
w
l
y
or
i
gi
n
a
t
i
ng
N
RT
c
a
l
l
s
a
s
s
how
n
i
n
T
a
b
l
e
1
.
T
he
c
a
pa
c
i
t
y
of
a
t
ypi
c
a
l
W
CD
M
A
c
e
l
l
i
n
t
e
r
m
s
of
i
t
s
c
e
l
l
l
oa
d
i
s
d
e
s
c
r
i
be
d
t
hus
:
t
he
l
oa
d
fa
c
t
o
r,
ƞ
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i
s
t
h
e
i
ns
t
a
nt
a
ne
ous
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e
s
ourc
e
ut
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l
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z
a
t
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on
upp
e
r
bound
e
d
by
t
he
m
a
x
i
m
um
c
e
l
l
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
ƞ
.
Ins
t
a
nt
a
n
e
ous
va
l
u
e
s
for
t
h
e
c
e
l
l
l
oa
d
ra
n
ge
from
0
t
o
1
.
U
s
i
n
g
t
hi
s
l
oa
d
fa
c
t
or
,
w
e
de
ve
l
ope
d
a
Q
oS
-
a
w
a
re
CA
C
a
l
g
ori
t
hm
for
W
CD
M
A
-
ba
s
e
d
n
e
t
w
orks
us
i
ng
t
h
e
c
o
nc
e
pt
of
t
hre
s
ho
l
ds
a
nd
q
ue
u
i
ng
t
e
c
hn
i
que
s
a
s
s
how
n
i
n
F
i
gur
e
1
.
E
a
c
h
c
a
l
l
c
a
t
e
gory
ha
s
i
t
s
uni
que
que
u
e
r
e
pre
s
e
nt
e
d
a
s
Q
1
,
Q
2,
Q
3
a
nd
Q
4
e
a
c
h
w
i
t
h
fi
xe
d
s
i
z
e
s
:
K
,
L
,
M
a
nd
N
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
ve
l
y.
In
t
hi
s
s
c
h
e
m
e
,
c
a
l
l
c
l
a
s
s
re
que
s
t
i
s
a
s
s
i
gn
e
d
i
t
s
que
u
e
on
a
rri
v
a
l
w
h
e
n
s
uc
h
r
e
que
s
t
on
a
rr
i
va
l
c
a
nn
ot
b
e
s
e
rvi
c
e
d
ow
i
n
g
t
o
r
e
s
ourc
e
un
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
.
S
uc
h
r
e
que
s
t
i
s
l
a
t
e
r
a
s
s
i
gn
e
d
a
r
e
s
ourc
e
w
h
e
n
a
va
i
l
a
bl
e
ba
s
e
d
on
i
t
s
c
a
l
c
ul
a
t
e
d
pri
ori
t
y.
L
e
t
ƞ
,
be
t
h
e
l
o
a
d
m
a
rgi
n
(L
M
)
of
t
he
ℎ
(
i
=
1
,
2
,
3
a
nd
4)
t
r
a
ffi
c
gro
up,
w
hi
l
e
ƞ
re
pr
e
s
e
n
t
s
t
he
m
a
xi
m
u
m
l
oa
d
i
ng
t
h
a
t
c
a
n
be
t
o
l
e
r
a
t
e
d
by
t
he
n
e
t
w
ork
.
Ba
s
e
d
o
n
t
he
s
e
t
l
o
a
d
i
ng
t
hr
e
s
hol
d
,
w
e
r
e
a
l
i
z
e
d
t
w
o
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
s
n
a
m
e
l
y:
t
h
e
hybr
i
d
pri
ori
t
y
CA
C
(H
P
-
CA
C)
s
c
he
m
e
w
h
i
c
h
h
a
s
s
e
t
L
M
f
or
e
a
c
h
gro
up
a
nd
t
he
dy
na
m
i
c
pr
i
or
i
t
y
CA
C
(D
P
-
CA
C)
s
c
h
e
m
e
w
h
i
c
h
ut
i
l
i
z
e
s
t
h
e
f
i
xe
d
l
oa
d
p
a
rt
i
t
i
on
a
nd
t
h
e
s
e
t
s
ys
t
e
m
l
oa
d
t
o
a
da
pt
i
ve
l
y
a
dm
i
t
t
he
que
u
e
d
c
a
l
l
s
.
T
h
e
pr
i
ori
t
y
o
f
t
r
a
ffi
c
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
i
s
d
yn
a
m
i
c
a
l
l
y
a
dj
us
t
e
d
i
n
a
bi
d
t
o
e
ns
ure
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
h
i
gh
e
r
p
ri
or
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
m
a
i
nt
a
i
ns
hi
ghe
r
pr
i
ori
t
y
i
n
a
s
m
u
c
h
a
s
t
he
l
ow
e
r
p
ri
or
i
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
d
o
no
t
s
uffe
r
a
ny
c
ons
e
qu
e
n
c
e
by
t
h
i
s
a
c
t
.
O
ne
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
t
ba
c
ks
w
i
t
h
t
he
H
P
-
CA
C
s
c
h
e
m
e
i
s
t
ha
t
unus
e
d
m
a
rk
e
d
ou
t
l
oa
d
i
ng
l
i
m
i
t
s
for
hi
g
he
r
pri
ori
t
y
gr
oups
c
a
nn
ot
be
ut
i
l
i
z
e
d
b
y
l
ow
e
r
c
l
a
s
s
t
r
a
ffi
c
t
hus
r
e
s
ul
t
i
ng
i
n
a
w
a
s
t
e
of
ne
t
w
ork
re
s
our
c
e
.
A
l
s
o
,
t
h
e
re
i
s
a
n
ov
e
rw
he
l
m
i
ng
of
t
ra
ffi
c
of
l
ow
e
r
p
ri
or
i
t
y
a
s
m
or
e
pr
e
fe
r
e
nc
e
i
s
g
i
ve
n
t
o
t
ra
ff
i
c
of
hi
ghe
r
pr
i
ori
t
y
a
t
a
l
l
p
oi
n
t
i
n
t
i
m
e
.
T
h
e
D
P
-
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
a
m
e
l
i
ora
t
e
s
t
h
e
a
for
e
m
e
nt
i
on
e
d
s
e
t
b
a
c
ks
w
i
t
h
H
P
-
CA
C
by
prov
i
di
n
g
t
ol
e
ra
b
l
e
Q
oS
for
e
a
c
h
t
r
a
ff
i
c
c
l
a
s
s
a
n
d
pr
e
v
e
nt
i
ng
h
i
gh
e
r
t
ra
f
fi
c
c
l
a
s
s
f
rom
s
uppre
s
s
i
ng
l
ow
e
r
t
r
a
ffi
c
c
l
a
s
s
i
n
o
rde
r
t
o
e
nha
nc
e
f
a
i
r
ne
s
s
i
n
r
e
s
ourc
e
a
l
l
o
c
a
t
i
on
.
W
e
t
hus
pre
s
e
nt
a
n
o
ve
rv
i
e
w
of
t
h
e
D
P
-
CA
C
i
n
s
e
c
t
i
on
3
.
1.
T
a
b
l
e
1
.
T
ra
f
fi
c
c
l
a
s
s
a
n
d
d
e
s
c
r
i
pt
i
on
Cl
a
s
s
T
ra
ffi
c
g
ro
u
p
s
Re
q
u
e
s
t
t
y
p
e
s
Cl
a
s
s
d
e
s
c
ri
p
t
i
o
n
s
1
RT
H
a
n
d
o
ff
c
a
l
l
s
Co
n
v
e
rs
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
s
t
re
a
m
i
n
g
2
N
RT
H
a
n
d
o
ff
c
a
l
l
s
In
t
e
ra
c
t
i
v
e
a
n
d
b
a
c
k
g
ro
u
n
d
3
RT
N
e
w
c
a
l
l
s
Co
n
v
e
rs
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
s
t
re
a
m
i
n
g
4
N
RT
N
e
w
c
a
l
l
s
In
t
e
ra
c
t
i
v
e
a
n
d
b
a
c
k
g
ro
u
n
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
K
O
M
N
IK
A
T
e
l
e
c
om
m
un
Co
m
put
E
l
Con
t
rol
,
V
ol
.
18
,
N
o.
2
,
A
pri
l
2
020:
603
-
6
12
606
F
i
gure
1
.
D
yn
a
m
i
c
pr
i
ori
t
y
c
a
l
l
a
dm
i
s
s
i
on
c
o
nt
ro
l
(D
P
-
CA
C)
s
c
h
e
m
e
3.
1
.
O
v
e
r
vi
e
w
of
th
e
DP
-
CAC
s
c
h
e
me
W
e
pr
e
s
e
nt
a
s
t
e
p
de
s
c
ri
p
t
i
o
n
of
t
he
D
P
-
CA
C
proc
e
dur
e
a
s
t
hus
:
−
T
he
a
r
ri
v
e
d
c
l
a
s
s
c
a
l
l
i
s
s
e
rv
e
d
a
s
l
on
g
a
s
(
1
)
i
s
m
e
t
.
∆
ƞ
+
ƞ
≤
ƞ
(1)
−
F
re
s
h
c
a
l
l
s
a
re
a
s
s
i
gne
d
t
he
i
r
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
ve
qu
e
u
e
w
h
e
n
a
l
l
re
s
o
urc
e
s
a
r
e
ut
i
l
i
z
e
d
.
−
Ca
l
l
e
d
a
r
e
re
m
ov
e
d
from
t
he
qu
e
ue
w
he
n
t
he
y
e
xc
e
e
d
s
e
t
q
u
e
ui
ng
t
i
m
e
.
−
W
he
n
t
runks
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
i
e
s
a
r
e
r
e
l
e
a
s
e
d,
p
ri
or
i
t
y
v
a
l
u
e
s
a
r
e
d
y
na
m
i
c
a
l
l
y
c
o
m
pu
t
e
d
for
a
l
l
c
a
l
l
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
w
i
t
h
non
-
e
m
pt
y
qu
e
ue
s
us
i
ng
t
he
t
o
t
a
l
l
o
a
d
c
urr
e
nt
l
y
o
c
c
upi
e
d
by
c
l
a
s
s
c
a
l
l
s
i
n
(
2
)
a
nd
t
h
e
l
oa
d
pa
r
t
i
t
i
on
pre
de
fi
n
e
d
for
c
l
a
s
s
ℎ
c
a
l
l
s
i
n
(1):
=
(
1
+
)
∑
1
+
⁄
≤
=
1
(2)
w
he
re
,
i
s
t
he
t
ot
a
l
us
a
g
e
l
o
a
d
o
c
c
upi
e
d
by
e
a
c
h
c
onn
e
c
t
e
d
c
a
l
l
c
l
a
s
s
a
t
a
n
i
ns
t
a
n
c
e
,
a
nd
i
s
t
he
s
i
z
e
of
t
he
l
oa
d
p
a
rt
i
t
i
on.
i
s
t
he
nu
m
be
r
of
c
onn
e
c
t
e
d
c
l
a
s
s
c
a
l
l
a
t
a
n
i
ns
t
a
nc
e
.
T
he
n
,
t
he
que
u
e
w
i
t
h
l
e
a
s
t
p
ri
or
i
t
y
va
l
u
e
i
s
s
e
rv
e
d
f
i
rs
t
b
a
s
e
d
on
f
i
rs
t
-
in
-
fi
rs
t
-
ou
t
(F
IF
O
)
po
l
i
c
y.
T
he
dyn
a
m
i
c
p
ri
or
i
t
y
va
l
ue
for
c
l
a
s
s
c
a
l
l
i
s
de
t
e
rm
i
ne
d
b
y
(3
).
=
(3)
In
t
h
i
s
s
c
h
e
m
e
,
t
ra
ff
i
c
c
l
a
s
s
w
i
t
h
a
m
i
n
i
m
um
pri
ori
t
y
va
l
ue
a
re
a
s
s
i
g
ne
d
t
h
e
h
i
gh
e
s
t
pri
or
i
t
y
.
A
l
s
o,
a
s
t
he
t
ot
a
l
i
ns
t
a
n
t
a
n
e
ous
l
o
a
d
of
c
l
a
s
s
c
a
l
l
s
drop
be
l
o
w
t
he
pr
e
-
fi
x
e
d
pa
r
t
i
t
i
on
s
i
z
e
,
i
t
s
pri
or
i
t
y
v
a
l
u
e
re
duc
e
s
.
H
e
nc
e
,
i
t
w
i
l
l
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
a
h
i
gh
pr
i
or
i
t
y
.
In
a
s
i
t
u
a
t
i
o
n
w
h
e
re
t
w
o
or
m
ore
c
a
l
l
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
h
a
ve
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
pri
ori
t
y
va
l
ue
,
t
he
n
t
h
e
c
a
l
l
w
i
t
h
l
ow
e
r
c
l
a
s
s
i
n
de
x
(hi
ghe
r
p
ri
ori
t
y)
w
i
l
l
b
e
s
e
r
ve
d
fi
rs
t
.
W
i
t
h
t
h
i
s
a
l
gor
i
t
h
m
,
unus
e
d
l
oa
d
of
o
ne
t
ra
ffi
c
c
l
a
s
s
c
a
n
be
ut
i
l
i
z
e
d
by
o
t
h
e
r
t
ra
ffi
c
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
a
s
t
h
e
d
e
m
a
nd
a
ri
s
e
s
.
A
l
s
o,
a
t
hi
gh
s
ys
t
e
m
l
o
a
d
,
t
he
pri
ori
t
y
v
a
l
u
e
w
i
l
l
pr
e
v
e
nt
t
h
e
c
l
a
s
s
e
s
fro
m
e
nor
m
ous
l
y
a
ff
e
c
t
i
ng
e
a
c
h
ot
he
r
.
T
h
e
f
l
ow
c
h
a
rt
of
t
h
e
D
P
-
CA
C
a
l
g
ori
t
hm
i
s
s
how
n
i
n
F
i
gur
e
2.
T
hough
t
he
D
P
-
CA
C
r
e
m
e
d
i
a
t
e
t
h
e
fa
i
l
u
re
s
of
t
h
e
H
P
-
CA
C,
i
t
how
e
v
e
r
,
f
a
i
l
t
o
pr
ovi
d
e
a
s
a
t
i
s
fa
c
t
ory
dropp
i
ng
pro
ba
b
i
l
i
t
y
for
ha
nd
off
c
a
l
l
s
.
It
how
e
ve
r,
f
a
i
l
s
t
o
d
e
c
r
e
a
s
e
t
h
e
bl
o
c
k
i
ng
prob
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
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IS
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be
l
ongi
ng
t
o
(j
=
1
,
2)
RT
a
nd
N
RT
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
ve
l
y
α
=
10
i
nd
i
c
a
t
e
s
pe
na
l
t
y
w
e
i
gh
t
for
dropp
i
ng
a
h
a
ndoff
c
a
l
l
re
l
a
t
i
v
e
t
o
bl
oc
k
i
ng
a
ne
w
c
a
l
l
.
It
i
s
p
e
r
t
i
n
e
nt
t
o
m
e
nt
i
on
t
ha
t
i
t
i
s
a
l
w
a
ys
de
s
i
r
a
bl
e
t
o
ha
v
e
s
m
a
l
l
e
r
G
oS
v
a
l
u
e
a
s
i
t
i
ndi
c
a
t
e
s
i
m
prov
e
d
pe
rf
orm
a
nc
e
.
c.
S
ys
t
e
m
ut
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
(U
):
t
h
i
s
re
pre
s
e
nt
t
he
m
e
a
n
nu
m
be
r
of
c
on
ne
c
t
i
ons
i
n
e
a
c
h
t
r
a
ffi
c
gro
up
t
ha
t
t
he
s
ys
t
e
m
c
a
n
a
c
c
e
pt
for
a
g
i
ve
n
t
ra
ff
i
c
i
nt
e
ns
i
t
y.
It
i
s
d
e
fi
ne
d
a
s
.
T
h
e
ba
ndw
i
dt
h
(
)
of
c
on
ne
c
t
i
on
i
s
de
fi
n
e
d
by
t
h
e
l
oa
d
i
nc
r
e
m
e
n
t
,
∆
ƞ
,
s
uc
h
t
h
a
t
,
=
∆
ƞ
.
T
he
a
v
e
ra
ge
s
ys
t
e
m
u
t
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on
i
s
de
f
i
n
e
d
a
s
:
=
∑
(
)
4
=
1
.
(
)
=
ƞ
´
ƞ
(10)
w
he
re
ƞ
´
,
i
s
t
he
a
ve
r
a
ge
u
t
i
l
i
z
e
d
l
o
a
d.
4.
2
.
S
i
mu
l
ati
on
r
e
s
u
l
ts
T
hi
s
s
e
c
t
i
on
pr
e
s
e
nt
s
t
he
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
on
r
e
s
ul
t
s
of
t
h
e
prop
os
e
d
O
D
P
-
CA
C
s
c
h
e
m
e
a
nd
t
ha
t
of
t
he
D
P
-
CA
C
u
nde
r
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
c
ondi
t
i
o
ns
.
A
t
t
he
e
nd
of
e
a
c
h
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
on
w
e
obt
a
i
ne
d
a
n
e
va
l
ua
t
i
on
of
c
a
l
l
droppi
n
g
pro
ba
b
i
l
i
t
y
ℎ
a
nd
c
a
l
l
bl
o
c
ki
ng
p
r
oba
b
i
l
i
t
y
.
W
e
a
l
s
o
o
bt
a
i
n
t
h
e
m
e
a
n
r
e
s
our
c
e
ut
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
w
hi
c
h
i
s
a
n
i
m
p
ort
a
nt
c
ri
t
e
r
i
on
f
or
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
ng
t
he
pe
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
of
a
ny
t
ypi
c
a
l
CA
C
a
l
g
ori
t
hm
s
.
It
i
s
pe
r
t
i
n
e
n
t
t
o
m
e
nt
i
on
t
ha
t
i
t
i
s
a
l
w
a
ys
de
s
i
ra
b
l
e
t
o
re
a
l
i
z
e
a
n
e
t
w
ork
ut
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on
of
a
bou
t
1
00%
.
In
t
he
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
on
r
e
s
ul
t
s
,
a
p
e
rc
e
n
t
a
g
e
v
a
l
ue
i
s
us
e
d
t
o
c
om
p
a
re
t
he
pe
rfor
m
a
n
c
e
of
bot
h
s
c
h
e
m
e
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
K
O
M
N
IK
A
T
e
l
e
c
om
m
un
Co
m
put
E
l
Con
t
rol
,
V
ol
.
18
,
N
o.
2
,
A
pri
l
2
020:
603
-
6
12
610
4.
2
.
1.
H
an
d
off
c
al
l
d
r
op
p
i
n
g
p
r
ob
ab
i
l
i
ty
In
a
t
ypi
c
a
l
n
e
t
w
or
k,
t
h
e
drop
of
a
ha
ndoff
t
r
a
ffi
c
i
s
s
i
m
i
l
a
r
t
o
a
dro
ppi
ng
a
fr
e
s
h
c
a
l
l
fro
m
t
he
p
e
rs
pe
c
t
i
v
e
o
f
t
h
e
us
e
r
.
T
h
us
,
i
t
i
s
d
e
s
i
re
d
t
h
a
t
t
he
fr
a
c
t
i
on
o
f
t
r
a
ffi
c
t
h
a
t
s
uff
e
r
t
hi
s
l
os
s
b
e
s
i
gni
fi
c
a
n
t
l
y
l
ow
.
F
i
gur
e
4
s
how
s
t
he
ha
n
doff
c
a
l
l
dropp
i
ng
p
roba
bi
l
i
t
y
c
o
m
pa
r
i
s
on
o
f
D
P
-
CA
C
a
nd
O
D
P
-
CA
C
for
di
ffe
r
e
n
t
t
r
a
ff
i
c
i
nt
e
ns
i
t
y.
It
i
s
s
e
e
n
t
ha
t
t
h
e
dr
oppi
n
g
prob
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
of
h
a
ndof
f
c
a
l
l
i
s
s
m
a
l
l
e
r
t
ha
n
t
h
a
t
of
ne
w
l
y
a
dm
i
t
t
e
d
c
a
l
l
s
.
S
i
m
i
l
a
rl
y
,
F
i
gu
re
5
s
how
s
t
ha
t
t
h
e
t
r
a
ffi
c
l
o
a
d
of
t
he
n
e
t
w
o
rk
i
n
c
re
a
s
e
s
,
a
s
a
r
e
s
ul
t
of
t
he
CA
C
ope
ra
t
i
on.
Bu
t
n
o
s
i
gni
f
i
c
a
nt
i
m
pro
ve
m
e
n
t
w
a
s
obs
e
rv
e
d
f
ro
m
b
ot
h
s
c
h
e
m
e
s
.
4.
2
.
2.
N
e
w
Tr
affi
c
b
l
oc
k
i
n
g
p
r
ob
ab
i
l
i
ty
F
i
gure
s
5
c
om
p
a
r
e
s
t
he
p
e
rfor
m
a
nc
e
of
t
h
e
ne
w
c
a
l
l
s
bl
oc
k
i
ng
p
roba
bi
l
i
t
y
o
f
our
prop
os
e
d
op
t
i
m
a
l
DP
-
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
w
i
t
h
t
ha
t
of
D
P
-
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
.
A
s
a
n
t
i
c
i
p
a
t
e
d,
t
hi
s
f
i
gur
e
s
how
s
a
l
i
ne
a
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
ons
hi
p
be
t
w
e
e
n
t
ra
ff
i
c
i
nt
e
ns
i
t
y
a
n
d
l
os
s
for
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
d
e
m
a
nd
i
ng
s
e
rvi
c
e
s
.
T
hus
,
re
s
u
l
t
i
ng
i
n
a
n
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
drop
r
a
t
e
for
n
e
w
t
ra
ff
i
c
s
.
O
ur
prop
os
e
d
s
c
he
m
e
ou
t
pe
rfor
m
e
d
t
h
e
D
P
-
CA
C
by
a
n
a
ve
r
a
ge
p
e
rc
e
nt
a
ge
v
a
l
u
e
o
f
15
.
7%
i
m
pro
ve
m
e
n
t
.
T
hi
s
i
s
ow
i
ng
t
o
t
he
fa
c
t
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
s
c
he
m
e
off
e
rs
l
e
s
s
bl
oc
k
i
ng
t
o
fre
s
h
t
r
a
ffi
c
w
h
i
l
e
s
a
t
i
s
f
y
i
ng
t
he
Q
oS
a
nd
G
oS
de
m
a
n
ds
of
o
t
he
r
s
e
rv
i
c
e
s
a
l
re
a
dy
a
dm
i
t
t
e
d
i
nt
o
t
h
e
n
e
t
w
ork
.
T
he
O
D
P
-
CA
C
s
c
h
e
m
e
i
s
a
bl
e
t
o
a
c
hi
e
ve
t
h
i
s
for
n
e
w
l
y
ori
gi
n
a
t
i
ng
c
a
l
l
s
,
by
a
l
l
oc
a
t
i
ng
ba
ndw
i
dt
h
t
o
t
he
l
ow
e
r
pr
i
ori
t
y
c
l
a
s
s
w
hi
c
h
go
t
a
l
e
s
s
e
r
re
s
ou
rc
e
e
i
t
he
r
fro
m
t
he
unus
e
d
b
a
ndw
i
dt
h
of
t
h
e
ne
t
w
ork
or
by
de
g
ra
d
i
ng
t
h
e
ov
e
r
l
oa
d
e
d
hi
gh
e
r
pri
ori
t
y
c
a
l
l
r
e
qu
e
s
t
s
.
4.
2
.
3.
G
r
ad
e
of
s
e
r
vi
c
e
T
he
G
oS
a
ga
i
ns
t
t
ra
f
fi
c
i
n
t
e
ns
i
t
y
fo
r
a
n
a
ggr
e
g
a
t
i
on
of
t
r
a
ffi
c
de
m
a
nd
i
s
d
e
pi
c
t
e
d
i
n
F
i
gur
e
6
.
T
he
i
m
prov
e
d
p
e
rfor
m
a
n
c
e
of
t
he
O
D
P
-
CA
C
ove
r
t
h
e
D
P
-
CA
C
by
a
n
a
v
e
r
a
ge
pe
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e
v
a
l
u
e
of
5.
4%
c
om
e
s
from
t
he
us
e
of
que
ui
ng
t
o
e
n
ha
n
c
e
t
he
ne
w
c
a
l
l
s
u
c
c
e
s
s
pro
ba
b
i
l
i
t
y
(
i
.
e
.
,
on
e
m
i
nus
t
he
bl
o
c
k
i
ng
prob
a
bi
l
i
t
y).
4.
2
.
4.
U
ti
l
i
z
ati
on
F
i
gure
7
s
how
s
t
h
e
s
ys
t
e
m
u
t
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on
c
om
pa
r
i
s
on
of
o
ur
pr
opos
e
d
O
DP
-
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
w
i
t
h
t
h
a
t
of
DP
-
CA
C
s
c
h
e
m
e
.
It
c
a
n
b
e
no
t
e
d
t
h
a
t
,
t
he
ut
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
of
O
D
P
-
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
ou
t
pe
r
form
t
h
a
t
off
e
re
d
by
DP
-
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
a
s
re
s
ul
t
s
s
how
s
a
n
a
ve
r
a
ge
ut
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on
i
m
prov
e
m
e
nt
of
0
.
35
%
p
e
rc
e
nt
a
g
e
va
l
u
e
.
A
t
h
i
gh
t
ra
ff
i
c
i
nt
e
ns
i
t
y
t
h
e
O
D
P
-
CA
C
s
c
h
e
m
e
w
a
s
a
l
s
o
a
b
l
e
t
o
a
c
hi
e
v
e
a
c
e
l
l
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
u
t
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on
of
98%
.
T
h
i
s
i
s
a
t
t
r
i
bu
t
a
b
l
e
t
o
t
he
f
a
c
t
t
ha
t
t
h
e
O
D
P
-
CA
C
s
c
he
m
e
w
a
s
c
a
pa
bl
e
o
f
re
r
out
i
ng
t
he
u
nus
e
d
ne
t
w
ork
r
e
s
ourc
e
s
by
dyna
m
i
c
a
l
l
y
c
o
nt
ro
l
l
i
ng
pri
or
i
t
y
l
e
v
e
l
of
que
ue
d
t
r
a
ff
i
c
.
F
i
gure
4
.
H
a
ndoff
t
r
a
ff
i
c
drop
pi
ng
pro
ba
b
i
l
i
t
y
a
g
a
i
ns
t
t
ra
f
fi
c
i
nt
e
ns
i
t
y
F
i
gure
5
.
N
e
w
t
ra
ff
i
c
b
l
oc
k
i
ng
prob
a
bi
l
i
t
y
a
g
a
i
ns
t
t
ra
ff
i
c
i
n
t
e
ns
i
t
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
K
O
M
N
IK
A
T
e
l
e
c
om
m
un
Co
m
put
E
l
Con
t
rol
A
n
o
pt
i
m
um
d
y
nam
i
c
pr
i
or
i
t
y
-
bas
e
d
c
a
l
l
adm
i
s
s
i
on
c
on
t
r
ol
s
c
he
m
e
…
(
A
ni
k
e
U
c
he
nn
a
)
611
F
i
gure
6
.
G
oS
a
g
a
i
ns
t
t
ra
f
fi
c
i
nt
e
ns
i
t
y
F
i
gure
7
.
S
ys
t
e
m
u
t
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
on
a
s
a
fun
c
t
i
on
of
t
r
a
ff
i
c
i
n
t
e
ns
i
t
y
5.
C
O
N
C
LU
S
I
O
N
In
t
h
i
s
s
t
udy
,
a
n
o
pt
i
m
a
l
d
yna
m
i
c
pr
i
ori
t
y
c
a
l
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EF
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C
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[
1]
Y
a
o
J
.
,
X
i
a
o
L
.
,
N
i
e
C
.
,
W
ong
D
.
T
.
C
.
,
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nd
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h
e
w
Y
.
H
.
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r
.
J
.
O
p
e
r
.
R
e
s
.
v
ol
.
19
1,
n
o.
3
,
pp.
11
39
–
1
160
,
2008
.
[
2]
P
a
t
i
l
G
.
U
a
nd
D
e
s
h
m
ukh
C
.
N
.
,
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S
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m
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n
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and
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l
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c
s
,
vo
l
.
2
,
no
.
1,
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1
–
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20
13.
[
3]
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j
i
b
o
A
.
,
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h
i
na
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-
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gb
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I
.
,
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ukw
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.
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.
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ons
,
v
ol
.
67
,
no.
1
,
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48
9
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019
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[
5]
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nal
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l
.
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04
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.
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79
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.
[
6]
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m
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.
,
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ons
,
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l
.
107,
n
o.
16
,
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.
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–
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,
201
4.
[
7]
A
l
hi
hi
M.
,
K
hos
r
a
vi
M.
,
A
t
t
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H.
,
S
a
m
our
M
.
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15
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4
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17
01
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7
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[
8]
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A
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,
a
nd
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a
h
m
ou
d
A
.
S
.
,
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m
a
nc
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up
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m
u
l
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s
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pu
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r
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om
m
un
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on
s
,
vo
l
.
31
,
no.
1
,
pp.
49
–
57
,
2008
.
[
9]
O
s
uw
a
gu
H
.
O
,
A
j
i
b
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A
.
C
.
,
U
gw
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ny
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S
.
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a
c
h
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-
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kp
o
J
.
,
a
nd
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ni
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.
I
.
,
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y
na
m
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c
ba
ndw
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dt
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s
c
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ul
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nk
t
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a
ns
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s
s
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on
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nal
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i
f
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&
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s
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a
r
c
h
,
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l
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8,
n
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,
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79
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05,
2
017
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[
10]
Se
t
i
y
o
B
.
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n
d
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out
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r
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nc
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t
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l
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15
,
no
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2,
pp
.
598
-
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5,
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17
.
[
11]
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ong
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.
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hu
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e
m
be
r
S
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n
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ont
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or
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a
ns
a
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t
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ons
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e
hi
c
ul
ar
T
e
c
h
no
l
ogy
,
vo
l
.
55
,
n
o.
2
,
pp.
65
4
–
66
9,
20
06.
[
12]
C
he
n
W
.
,
Y
u
J
.
,
P
a
n
F
.
,
“
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p
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our
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or
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s
,
v
ol
.
6,
no
.
2,
pp
.
319
-
329
,
201
1.
[
13]
K
h
a
nj
a
r
i
S
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,
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nd
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s
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m
s
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vo
l
.
26
,
no
.
7,
pp
.
811
-
83
1,
20
11
.
[
14]
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u
a
ng
Q
.
,
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h
e
n
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o
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.
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,
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ha
n
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h
a
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.
S
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l
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t
w
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k
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ng,
p
p.
63
6
–
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7,
20
02
.
[
15]
C
a
r
va
l
h
o
G
.
H
.
S
.
,
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oung
a
ng
I
.
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n
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.
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ou
t
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nho
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.
W
.
L
.
,
a
n
d
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os
t
a
J
.
C
.
W
.
A
.
,
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kov
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om
put
.
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e
t
w
or
k
s
,
vol
.
57
,
no
.
1
7,
pp
.
354
5
–
35
62
,
2
01
3.
[
16]
K
a
ur
S
.
,
S
e
l
va
m
u
t
hu
D
.
,
“
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da
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n
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I
nt
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om
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un
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c
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s
and
Sa
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O
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E
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T
)
,
pp
.
63
-
70
,
2
013
.
[
17]
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he
n
H
.
,
K
u
m
a
r
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.
,
a
n
d
K
uo
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.
C
.
J
.
,
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oS
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d
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)
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om
p
ut
.
N
e
t
w
or
k
s
,
vo
l
.
4
6,
no
.
6
,
pp.
86
7
–
87
9,
20
04.
[
18]
W
a
ng
L
.
a
nd
Z
hua
ng
W
.
,
“
A
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om
m
un
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t
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on
s
,
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i
r
e
l
.
C
om
m
un
.
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
ns
,
vol
.
5
,
n
o.
2
,
pp
.
4
06
–
41
6,
20
06.
[
19]
H
ua
ng
L
.
a
n
d
K
uo
C
.
J
.
,
“
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yna
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c
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20]
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w
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om
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ut
e
r
A
pp
l
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c
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t
i
o
ns
,
vol
.
46
,
pp.
35
2
-
6
1,
20
14.
[
21]
L
i
z
h
ong
L
.
,
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i
n
L
.
,
B
o
L
.
,
a
nd
X
i
-
R
e
n
C
.
,
“
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m
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ob
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l
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W
i
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s
s
C
e
l
l
ul
a
r
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e
t
w
or
k
s
,
”
P
r
o
c
.
I
E
E
E
W
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e
l
.
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om
m
un.
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.
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.
,
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003
.
[
22]
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.
L
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a
nd
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.
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.
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a
i
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a
ng
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a
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,
“
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c
A
d
m
i
s
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Q
oS
f
o
r
802
.
1
6
W
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
M
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N
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Sy
m
p
os
i
um
,
2005
W
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
T
e
l
e
c
om
m
u
ni
c
at
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on
s
,
2
005
.
[
23]
W
e
i
D
.
,
A
n
s
a
r
i
N
.
,
“
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m
pl
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m
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n
t
i
n
g
f
a
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r
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a
ndw
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dt
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l
l
oc
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t
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n
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-
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ode
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l
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P
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E
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r
oc
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e
d
i
ng
s
-
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om
m
uni
c
at
i
on
s
,
v
ol
.
151
,
no
.
6
,
pp
.
521
-
8
,
D
e
c
.
2
004
.
[
24]
K
ok
i
l
a
S
.
,
S
ha
nk
a
r
R
.
,
D
a
na
nj
a
ya
n
P
.
,
“
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f
or
m
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nc
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a
na
l
ys
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s
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dua
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hr
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ol
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ont
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o
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i
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3G
/
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L
A
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c
oup
l
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d
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r
k
,
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n
I
E
E
E
-
I
n
t
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r
na
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ona
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onf
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dv
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E
ng
i
n
e
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r
i
ng
,
Sc
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nc
e
an
d
M
an
age
m
e
nt
(
I
C
A
E
S
M
-
201
2)
,
2012
.
[
25]
A
ugus
t
i
ne
A
.
,
C
h
ukw
ud
i
I
.
,
C
o
s
m
a
s
A
.
,
“
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nt
e
r
n
at
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our
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om
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,
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e
t
w
o
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k
and
Sy
s
t
e
m
Sc
i
e
n
c
e
s
,
v
ol
.
8
,
n
o.
10
,
pp.
39
9
-
4
07,
2
015
.
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