T
E
L
K
O
M
N
I
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
un
ica
t
io
n,
Co
m
pu
t
ing
,
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Co
ntr
o
l
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
0
,
p
p
.
3
2
40
~3
2
46
I
SS
N:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
,
ac
cr
ed
ited
First Gr
ad
e
b
y
Kem
en
r
is
tek
d
i
k
ti,
Dec
r
ee
No
: 2
1
/E/KPT
/2
0
1
8
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
2
9
2
8
/TE
L
KOM
NI
K
A.
v
1
8
i6
.
1
6
1
7
1
3240
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
ge
:
h
ttp
:
//jo
u
r
n
a
l.u
a
d
.
a
c.
id
/in
d
ex
.
p
h
p
/TELK
OM
N
I
K
A
Using
pos
ition co
ntrol to imp
ro
v
e t
he ef
ficiency o
f
wi
nd t
ur
bine
Ro
s
hen T
a
ri
q Ahm
edha
m
di,
Sa
la
m
Wa
ley
Sh
neen
En
e
rg
y
a
n
d
Re
n
e
wa
b
le E
n
e
r
g
ies
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
Ce
n
ter,
Un
i
v
e
rsity
o
f
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
Ira
q
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Ma
r
2
7
,
2
0
2
0
R
ev
is
ed
J
u
n
5
,
2
0
2
0
Acc
ep
ted
J
u
l 9
,
2
0
2
0
Wi
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
re
n
e
w
a
b
le
e
n
e
rg
ies
th
a
t
c
a
n
b
e
u
sin
g
t
o
g
e
n
e
ra
te
e
lec
tri
c
it
y
.
In
c
re
a
sin
g
d
e
m
a
n
d
fo
r
th
is
ty
p
e
o
f
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
f
o
r
su
sta
in
a
b
il
it
y
a
n
d
a
c
c
e
ss
ib
il
it
y
.
En
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tall
y
a
s
it
d
o
e
s
n
o
t
c
a
u
se
a
n
y
p
o
ll
u
ti
o
n
in
a
d
d
i
ti
o
n
t
o
t
h
e
a
b
u
n
d
a
n
c
e
o
f
re
q
u
ired
e
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
les
s
m
a
in
ten
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
l
o
n
g
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
li
fe
o
f
it
s
p
a
rts
d
e
sp
it
e
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
c
o
st
o
f
t
h
e
sy
ste
m
a
t
it
s
in
sta
ll
a
ti
o
n
b
u
t
a
t
lo
n
g
term
,
b
e
c
o
m
e
c
h
e
a
p
e
r.
Wi
n
d
p
o
we
r
g
e
n
e
ra
to
rs
d
e
p
e
n
d
o
n
t
h
e
ir
o
p
e
ra
t
io
n
o
n
wi
n
d
sp
e
e
d
a
n
d
d
irec
ti
o
n
.
Th
e
re
fo
re
,
it
sh
o
u
l
d
b
e
in
sta
ll
i
n
g
in
p
lac
e
s
wh
e
re
th
e
win
d
sp
e
e
d
is
a
d
e
q
u
a
te
a
n
d
su
fficie
n
t
to
r
o
tate
i
ts
r
o
to
r,
it
k
n
o
ws
t
h
a
t
wi
n
d
sp
e
e
d
is
v
a
riab
le
i
n
it
s
s
p
e
e
d
a
n
d
d
irec
ti
o
n
th
e
y
c
h
a
n
g
e
e
v
e
ry
h
o
u
r
a
n
d
e
v
e
r
y
se
a
so
n
.
I
n
th
is
d
e
sig
n
,
m
a
n
y
p
r
a
c
ti
c
a
l
a
n
d
th
e
o
re
ti
c
a
l
(
s
imu
lati
o
n
)
e
x
p
e
rime
n
ts
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
d
o
n
e
wh
ic
h
will
b
e
m
e
n
ti
o
n
e
d
a
n
d
e
x
p
lain
e
d
in
d
e
tails
i
n
t
h
is
re
se
a
rc
h
sh
o
ws
th
a
t
t
h
is
m
e
c
h
a
n
is
m
ra
ise
s
th
e
e
fficie
n
c
y
o
f
wi
n
d
p
o
we
r
g
e
n
e
ra
to
rs
b
y
8
0
%
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
ro
to
r
o
f
t
h
e
wi
n
d
t
u
rb
in
e
d
irec
ted
to
wa
rd
s
th
e
wi
n
d
th
a
n
i
f
th
e
y
we
re
fix
e
d
d
irec
ti
o
n
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
R
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
T
u
r
b
in
e
r
o
tatio
n
s
p
ee
d
W
in
d
en
er
g
y
win
d
p
o
wer
g
en
er
ato
r
s
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Salam
W
aley
Sh
n
ee
n
,
E
n
er
g
y
an
d
R
en
ewa
b
le
E
n
er
g
i
es T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
C
en
ter
,
Un
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
5
2
Al
-
Sn
aa
s
tr
ee
t,
B
ag
h
d
a
d
,
I
r
aq
.
E
m
ail:
s
alam
_
wale
y
7
3
@
y
ah
o
o
.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
C
lean
en
er
g
y
th
at
ca
lled
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
an
d
th
er
e
is
wid
esp
r
ea
d
p
o
p
u
lar
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
o
r
u
s
in
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
e
r
g
y
,
p
a
r
ticu
lar
l
y
s
o
lar
a
n
d
win
d
e
n
er
g
y
,
wh
i
ch
p
r
o
v
id
e
elec
tr
icity
with
o
u
t
g
iv
in
g
r
is
e
to
an
y
ca
r
b
o
n
d
io
x
id
e
em
is
s
io
n
s
[1
-
3
]
.
Utilizatio
n
o
f
win
d
en
e
r
g
y
h
as
in
cr
ea
s
ed
s
p
ec
tacu
lar
ly
in
r
ec
en
t
y
ea
r
s
,
with
an
n
u
al
in
cr
ea
s
es
in
in
s
talled
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
ar
o
u
n
d
2
0
%
in
r
ec
e
n
t
y
ea
r
s
[
4
-
6
]
.
R
esear
ch
in
to
a
lter
n
ate
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
en
er
g
y
d
ated
b
ac
k
in
th
e
late
9
0
s
.
E
lectr
ic
ity
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
o
n
s
h
o
r
e
an
d
o
f
f
s
h
o
r
e
s
ites
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
f
r
o
m
win
d
with
a
d
is
tin
ct
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
f
o
r
e
x
a
m
p
le
in
2
0
1
5
,
o
n
s
h
o
r
e
win
d
av
er
ag
ed
3
0
%
ca
p
ac
ity
,
a
n
d
o
f
f
s
h
o
r
e
4
1
%
[
5
-
7
]
.
T
h
e
wo
r
l
d
is
g
r
o
win
g
en
e
r
g
y
n
ee
d
,
alo
n
g
s
id
e
in
c
r
ea
s
in
g
p
o
p
u
latio
n
led
to
t
h
e
co
n
tin
u
al
u
s
e
o
f
f
o
s
s
il
f
u
el
-
b
ased
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
(
co
al,
o
il
an
d
g
as
)
wh
ich
b
ec
am
e
p
r
o
b
lem
atic
b
y
cr
ea
tin
g
s
ev
e
r
al
ch
allen
g
es
s
u
ch
as:
d
ep
letio
n
o
f
f
o
s
s
il
f
u
el
r
eser
v
es,
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e
g
as
e
m
is
s
io
n
s
an
d
o
th
er
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
[
7
-
9
]
.
W
in
d
en
er
g
y
,
th
e
em
er
g
e
n
ce
o
f
win
d
a
s
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
th
e
W
o
r
ld
’
s
en
er
g
y
h
as
tak
en
a
co
m
m
an
d
in
g
lead
a
m
o
n
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
W
in
d
ex
is
ts
ev
er
y
wh
er
e
in
th
e
wo
r
ld
,
in
s
o
m
e
p
lace
s
w
ith
c
o
n
s
id
er
ab
le
en
er
g
y
d
en
s
ity
[
1
0
-
1
2
]
.
W
in
d
en
er
g
y
h
ar
n
ess
es
k
in
etic
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
m
o
v
in
g
air
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
c
e
to
clim
ate
ch
an
g
e
m
itig
atio
n
is
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
elec
t
r
icity
f
r
o
m
lar
g
e
tu
r
b
in
es
lo
c
ated
o
n
s
h
o
r
e
(
lan
d
)
o
r
o
f
f
s
h
o
r
e
(
in
s
ea
o
r
f
r
esh
wate
r
)
[
1
3
-
1
5
]
.
On
s
h
o
r
e
win
d
en
er
g
y
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
ar
e
alr
ea
d
y
b
ein
g
m
a
n
u
f
ac
tu
r
e
an
d
d
ep
lo
y
e
d
o
n
lar
g
e
s
ca
le
[
1
6
-
1
8
]
.
W
in
d
tu
r
b
i
n
es
c
o
n
v
er
t
t
h
e
en
e
r
g
y
o
f
win
d
i
n
to
elec
tr
icity
.
Me
etin
g
t
h
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
t
h
e
d
e
v
elo
p
in
g
wo
r
ld
with
m
o
d
er
n
en
e
r
g
y
an
d
o
th
er
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
is
a
cr
itical
task
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
q
u
ality
o
f
life
an
d
e
n
h
an
cin
g
h
u
m
a
n
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
[
1
9
-
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
n
ee
d
t
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
,
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies,
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
o
f
a
v
er
tical
a
x
is
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e,
ae
r
o
d
y
n
am
ic
an
aly
s
is
,
co
n
tr
o
l
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
Usi
n
g
p
o
s
itio
n
co
n
tr
o
l to
imp
r
o
ve
th
e
efficien
cy
o
f wi
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
(
R
o
s
h
en
Ta
r
iq
A
h
med
h
a
md
i
)
3241
m
ec
h
an
is
m
d
esig
n
a
n
d
its
r
ea
li
za
tio
n
o
f
1
k
w
class
m
o
d
el
ar
e
ca
r
r
y
in
g
o
u
t.
T
h
e
p
o
we
r
o
u
tp
u
t
is
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
ab
o
u
t
6
0
% c
o
m
p
a
r
in
g
with
VAWT
u
s
in
g
f
ix
ed
p
itch
an
d
s
y
m
m
etr
ic
air
f
o
il [
2
2
-
2
5
].
2.
SYST
E
M
ARCH
I
T
E
CT
U
R
E
2
.
1
.
O
pera
t
ing
princip
le
o
f
t
he
s
y
s
t
em
m
o
delin
g
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
i
s
to
d
esig
n
a
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
f
a
n
r
o
tatin
g
s
y
s
tem
(
y
aw
an
g
le
)
t
o
m
ak
e
it
win
d
war
d
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
r
ed
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
test
th
e
s
y
s
tem
th
at
h
as
d
esig
n
e
d
in
th
i
s
r
esear
ch
an
d
s
h
o
w
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
win
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
n
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
a
n
d
s
p
ee
d
o
f
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
f
an
.
A
p
r
ac
tical
ex
p
er
im
en
t
h
as
co
n
d
u
c
ted
at
t
h
e
win
d
en
e
r
g
y
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
/en
er
g
y
an
d
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
te
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
ce
n
ter
at
th
e
Un
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
/B
ag
h
d
ad
.
I
ts
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
is
to
s
h
o
w
h
o
w
th
e
win
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
af
f
ec
ts
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
f
an
.
W
h
er
e
a
m
i
n
iatu
r
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
a
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
f
a
n
h
as
in
s
talled
,
as
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
A
tu
r
b
in
e
f
an
h
as
in
s
talled
o
n
a
b
ase
th
at
h
a
s
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
ch
an
g
e
its
an
g
l
e
as
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
to
lin
k
in
g
th
e
f
an
o
u
tlet
with
a
r
o
tatio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
o
m
eter
in
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
m
ea
s
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
f
an
r
o
t
ati
o
n
al
s
p
ee
d
wh
en
ch
an
g
in
g
th
e
an
g
le,
as sh
o
wn
b
y
th
e
e
x
p
er
im
en
t sy
s
tem
in
F
ig
u
r
e
3.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Yaw
p
o
s
itio
n
co
n
tr
o
l sy
s
tem
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Sm
all
-
s
ca
le
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
r
o
to
r
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
E
x
p
er
im
e
n
tal
test
f
o
r
th
e
air
an
g
el
o
f
attac
k
o
n
th
e
r
o
to
r
2
.
2
.
P
r
o
po
s
ed
ex
perim
ent
a
l
a
nd
re
s
ults
T
h
is
s
im
u
latio
n
h
ad
two
e
x
p
e
r
im
en
t
in
clu
d
e
;
E
x
p
er
im
e
n
t
o
n
e:
T
h
is
ex
p
er
im
e
n
t
s
h
o
ws
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
ch
an
g
in
g
th
e
a
n
g
le
o
f
win
d
att
ac
k
o
n
a
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
f
a
n
.
T
h
e
test
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
ch
an
g
in
g
th
e
a
n
g
le
in
ter
m
s
o
f
r
o
tatio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
.
T
h
e
r
o
tatio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
is
v
er
y
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
o
r
g
e
n
er
atin
g
elec
tr
icit
y
f
r
o
m
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
es
an
d
r
aisi
n
g
th
eir
ef
f
icien
cy
.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
er
t
h
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
,
t
h
e
f
aster
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
,
a
n
d
th
u
s
th
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
an
d
th
e
g
en
er
atio
n
o
f
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
ar
e
b
etter
.
C
er
tain
ly
,
wit
h
in
th
e
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
an
d
p
er
m
is
s
ib
le
lim
it
s
in
ter
m
s
o
f
d
esig
n
,
o
th
er
wis
e
at
h
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
ca
u
s
e
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
co
ll
ap
s
e.
No
te
th
at
th
er
e
ar
e
m
an
y
p
r
o
tectio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
r
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
in
ca
s
es
o
f
h
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
d
u
r
in
g
s
to
r
m
s
.
T
h
er
e
is
n
o
r
o
o
m
f
o
r
t
h
is
in
th
is
r
esear
ch
.
I
n
th
is
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
32
40
-
32
46
3242
ex
p
er
im
en
t,
we
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
th
e
ze
r
o
-
d
e
g
r
ee
a
n
g
le
to
b
e
th
e
h
i
g
h
est win
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
n
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
f
an
,
wh
ile
we
co
n
s
id
er
ed
th
e
9
0
-
d
eg
r
ee
an
g
l
e
as
th
e
l
o
west
win
d
o
n
th
e
t
u
r
b
in
e.
T
h
r
ee
v
alu
es
h
ad
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
win
d
s
p
ee
d
:
4
m
/s
,
3
.
3
m
/s
,
an
d
2
.
6
m
s
.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
ws th
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
ex
p
er
im
en
t
i
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
cu
r
v
es,
th
r
o
u
g
h
wh
ich
we
ca
n
o
b
s
er
v
e
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
c
h
an
g
in
g
th
e
d
ir
e
ctio
n
o
f
win
d
o
n
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
f
an
an
d
th
u
s
af
f
ec
t
its
ef
f
icien
cy
.
Fro
m
th
ese
cu
r
v
es
we
n
o
te
th
at
th
e
h
ig
h
est
r
o
ta
tio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
wh
en
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
f
a
n
is
f
ac
in
g
th
e
win
d
an
d
th
e
r
ef
o
r
e
th
e
h
ig
h
est
ef
f
icien
cy
an
d
m
a
x
im
u
m
g
en
er
ati
o
n
ar
e
i
n
th
is
ca
s
e
g
r
ad
u
ally
d
e
cr
ea
s
in
g
wh
en
e
v
er
th
e
win
d
an
g
le
ch
an
g
es
u
n
til
all
th
e
cu
r
v
es
m
ee
t
an
d
b
ec
o
m
e
ze
r
o
wh
en
y
o
u
ar
e
n
o
t
f
ac
in
g
th
e
win
d
d
esp
ite
ch
an
g
in
g
th
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
.
T
a
b
le
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
ch
a
n
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
r
o
tatio
n
s
p
ee
d
wh
en
ch
an
g
in
g
th
e
d
i
r
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
win
d
,
an
d
th
er
e
f
o
r
e
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
ch
a
n
g
e
o
f
th
e
ef
f
i
cien
cy
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
T
ab
le
1
as
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
win
d
i
m
p
ac
t
v
alu
e
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
b
e
(
1
0
0
%
m
ax
im
u
m
ef
f
icien
cy
,
it g
r
ad
u
ally
d
ec
r
ea
s
es a
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
attac
k
an
g
le
o
f
th
e
win
d
o
n
t
h
e
f
an
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Ou
tp
u
t r
esu
lts
o
f
ex
p
er
im
en
t 1
A
i
r
a
n
g
l
e
o
f
a
t
t
a
c
k
(
D
e
g
r
e
e
)
W
i
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
=
4
m/
s
W
i
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
=
3
.
3
m/
s
W
i
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
=
2
.
6
m/
s
Tu
r
b
i
n
e
S
p
e
e
d
(
r
p
m)
Tu
r
b
i
n
e
S
p
e
e
d
(
r
p
m)
Tu
r
b
i
n
e
S
p
e
e
d
(
r
p
m)
0
M
a
x
e
f
f
e
c
t
5
4
5
.
6
7
2
4
5
0
.
1
8
0
3
5
4
.
6
8
7
10
5
1
1
.
5
6
8
4
0
9
.
2
5
4
3
2
7
.
4
0
3
20
4
7
7
.
4
6
3
3
8
8
.
7
9
1
3
0
0
.
1
2
0
30
4
5
7
.
0
0
0
3
0
0
.
1
2
0
2
5
9
.
1
9
4
40
3
6
8
.
3
2
9
2
5
2
.
3
7
3
1
7
7
.
3
4
3
50
2
6
3
.
2
8
7
2
1
8
.
2
6
9
1
4
3
.
2
3
9
0
1
6
3
.
7
0
1
1
8
4
.
1
6
4
1
1
4
.
5
9
1
70
1
1
1
.
8
6
2
1
1
1
.
8
6
2
8
3
.
2
1
5
80
1
3
.
6
4
1
6
.
8
2
0
4
.
0
9
2
9
0
M
i
n
e
f
f
e
c
t
6
.
8
2
0
0
.
0
0
0
.
0
0
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
h
e
W
in
d
an
g
le
o
f
att
ac
k
Vs.
tu
r
b
in
e
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
/o
u
tp
u
t r
esu
lts
T
ab
le
2.
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
b
etwe
en
win
d
an
g
le
a
n
d
ch
a
n
g
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
ef
f
icien
cy
ac
c
o
r
d
in
g
to
win
d
s
p
ee
d
W
i
n
d
a
n
g
l
e
o
f
a
t
t
a
c
k
(
D
e
g
r
e
e
)
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
(
%) w
i
n
d
sp
e
e
d
4
m/
s
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
(
%) w
i
n
d
sp
e
e
d
3
.
3
m/
s
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
(
%) w
i
n
d
sp
e
e
d
2
.
6
m/
s
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
10
94
91
93
20
88
87
85
30
84
68
74
40
68
56
50
50
49
49
41
60
30
41
33
70
21
25
24
80
3
2
2
90
2
0
0
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
c
u
r
v
e
s
o
f
c
h
a
n
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
r
e
l
a
t
i
v
e
t
o
c
h
a
n
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
a
n
g
l
e
o
f
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
a
t
t
a
c
k
,
a
n
d
w
e
n
o
t
e
t
h
a
t
w
h
e
n
e
v
e
r
t
h
e
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
s
a
r
e
f
a
c
i
n
g
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
,
t
h
e
y
g
i
v
e
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
e
s
t
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
,
i
.
e
.
,
a
d
i
r
e
c
t
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
t
h
e
m
.
W
i
n
d
d
i
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
r
o
t
a
t
e
s
t
h
e
f
a
n
t
o
w
a
r
d
s
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
t
o
a
v
o
i
d
l
o
w
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
.
A
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
s
y
s
t
e
m
w
a
s
d
e
s
i
g
n
i
n
g
f
o
r
t
h
e
a
n
g
l
e
i
n
t
e
n
d
e
d
t
o
r
o
t
a
t
e
t
h
e
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
f
a
n
-
f
a
s
t
e
n
i
n
g
t
o
w
e
r
,
W
i
n
d
A
n
g
l
e
o
f
A
t
t
a
c
k
V
s
.
T
u
r
b
i
n
e
R
o
t
o
r
S
p
e
e
d
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
W
i
nd
A
ng
l
e
of
A
t
t
a
c
k
(
D
e
gre
e
)
T
u
r
b
i
n
e
R
o
t
o
r
S
p
e
e
d
(
R
P
M
)
W
i
n
d
S
p
e
e
d
4
m
/
s
W
i
n
d
S
p
e
e
d
3
.
3
m
/
s
W
i
n
d
S
p
e
e
d
2
.
6
m
/
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
Usi
n
g
p
o
s
itio
n
co
n
tr
o
l to
imp
r
o
ve
th
e
efficien
cy
o
f wi
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
(
R
o
s
h
en
Ta
r
iq
A
h
med
h
a
md
i
)
3243
s
o
t
h
a
t
i
t
f
a
c
e
s
w
i
n
d
s
,
F
i
g
u
r
e
6
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
b
o
x
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
i
t
.
Th
is
s
y
s
tem
we
n
o
te
t
h
at
th
er
e
ar
e
two
o
f
th
e
lin
e.
I
t
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
wo
r
k
with
o
n
e
o
f
th
em
if
th
e
lin
e
r
ev
ea
ls
th
e
an
g
le
with
in
it.
Ho
wev
er
,
it
is
b
etter
to
u
s
e
th
e
two
b
ec
au
s
e,
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
ex
p
er
im
e
n
ts
co
n
d
u
cte
d
,
it
h
as
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
wh
e
n
u
s
in
g
two
l
in
es
as
a
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
,
th
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
is
b
etter
in
ter
m
s
o
f
s
p
ee
d
,
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
,
s
tab
ilit
y
an
d
d
am
p
in
g
o
f
th
e
h
ig
h
er
v
alu
es
(
d
am
p
i
n
g
f
o
r
th
e
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t)
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
th
e
r
e
latio
n
b
etwe
en
win
d
an
g
le
o
f
attac
k
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t e
f
f
icien
cy
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
e
n
t w
in
d
s
p
ee
d
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
e
d
p
o
s
itio
n
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
E
x
p
er
im
en
t
two
:
a
p
r
ac
tical
ex
p
er
im
en
t
was
co
n
d
u
ctin
g
in
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
in
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
s
y
s
tem
s
en
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
d
ep
a
r
tm
en
t
at
th
e
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
T
e
ch
n
o
lo
g
y
/B
ag
h
d
ad
.
T
o
lin
k
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
to
th
e
an
g
le,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
W
h
er
e
th
e
s
et
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
was
an
elec
tr
ical
s
ig
n
al
f
ed
to
th
e
s
y
s
tem
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
an
i
n
p
u
t
p
o
ten
tio
m
e
ter
,
wh
ich
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
t
h
e
d
i
r
ec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
win
d
,
wh
ich
c
o
m
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
win
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
en
s
o
r
.
As f
o
r
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
is
s
y
s
tem
,
it
is
an
elec
tr
ical
s
ig
n
al
th
at
r
o
tates
th
e
to
wer
u
n
til
th
e
er
r
o
r
r
ate
b
ec
o
m
es
ze
r
o
b
etwe
en
th
e
f
ee
d
s
ig
n
al
an
d
th
e
r
etu
r
n
s
ig
n
al
(
s
et
v
alu
e
an
d
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
s
)
.
T
h
e
n
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
to
p
s
r
o
tatin
g
,
an
d
t
h
is
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
at
th
e
to
wer
h
a
s
b
ec
o
m
e
win
d
war
d
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
o
b
tain
th
e
h
i
g
h
est
s
p
ee
d
an
d
wo
r
k
i
n
g
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
es.
T
h
e
id
ea
o
f
t
h
is
s
y
s
tem
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
p
o
ten
tio
m
eter
s
,
w
h
ich
is
a
r
esis
tan
ce
o
f
a
v
ar
ia
b
le,
cir
cu
lar
s
h
ap
e
th
at
h
as th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
r
o
tate
b
y
3
0
0
d
e
g
r
ee
s
.
Am
o
n
g
th
e
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
th
e
r
o
tatin
g
r
esis
to
r
s
th
at
h
ad
u
s
ed
in
th
is
ex
p
er
im
en
t
ar
e
t
h
e
an
g
les
g
r
a
d
a
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
t
h
e
m
i
n
d
e
g
r
e
e
s
,
s
o
t
h
a
t
a
n
y
e
x
t
e
r
n
a
l
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
c
a
n
r
e
a
d
i
n
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
s
o
r
d
e
g
r
e
e
s
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
8.
T
a
b
l
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
p
r
a
c
t
i
c
a
l
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
a
f
o
r
e
m
e
n
t
i
o
n
e
d
e
x
p
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
,
w
h
e
r
e
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
a
t
t
a
c
k
a
n
g
l
e
i
s
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
v
a
l
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
(
i
n
p
u
t
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
o
m
e
t
e
r
)
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
a
n
g
l
e
o
f
r
o
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
t
o
w
e
r
(
y
a
w
a
n
g
l
e
)
i
s
r
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
a
n
g
l
e
)
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
r
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
(
o
u
t
p
u
t
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
o
m
e
t
e
r
)
.
F
i
g
u
r
e
9
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
m
e
n
t
i
o
n
e
d
i
n
T
a
b
l
e
3
,
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
c
u
r
v
e
s
.
W
i
n
d
a
n
g
l
e
o
f
a
t
t
a
c
k
V
s
.
E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
W
i
nd
a
ng
l
e
of
a
t
t
a
c
k
(
de
gre
e
)
E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
(
%
)
W
i
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
=
4
m
/
s
W
i
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
=
3
.
3
m
/
s
W
i
n
d
s
p
e
e
d
=
2
.
6
m
/
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
32
40
-
32
46
3244
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
d
esig
n
ed
p
o
s
itio
n
co
n
tr
o
l sy
s
tem
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tal
wo
r
k
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
R
o
tar
y
p
o
ten
tio
m
eter
s
u
s
ed
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Ou
t
p
u
t r
esu
lts
f
o
r
T
a
b
le
3
T
ab
le
3
. O
u
tp
u
t r
esu
lts
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
o
s
itio
n
co
n
t
r
o
l sy
s
tem
test
I
/
P
A
i
r
A
n
g
l
e
o
f
A
t
t
a
c
k
(
D
e
g
r
e
e
)
O
/
P
A
n
g
l
e
o
f
t
h
e
N
a
c
e
l
l
e
(
D
e
g
r
e
e
)
a
t
G
a
i
n
=
1
.
7
w
i
t
h
1
F
e
e
d
b
a
c
k
a
t
G
a
i
n
=
1
.
4
w
i
t
h
1
F
e
e
d
b
a
c
k
a
t
G
a
i
n
=
1
w
i
t
h
2
F
e
e
d
b
a
c
k
0
0
0
0
10
17
14
10
20
33
26
21
30
50
38
33
40
67
51
44
50
84
64
54
60
1
0
1
76
66
70
1
1
6
90
75
80
1
3
3
1
0
3
87
90
1
5
0
1
1
8
98
F
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
e
c
u
r
v
e
s
,
i
t
is
c
l
e
a
r
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
O
u
t
p
u
t
a
n
g
l
e
f
o
l
l
o
w
s
t
h
e
I
n
p
u
t
a
n
g
l
e
,
t
a
k
i
n
g
i
n
t
o
a
c
c
o
u
n
t
t
h
e
g
a
i
n
v
a
l
u
e
u
s
e
d
(
g
a
i
n
)
.
W
h
e
r
e
I
u
s
ed
s
e
v
e
r
a
l
v
a
l
u
es
o
f
g
a
i
n
(
1
,
1
.
4
a
n
d
1
.
7
)
,
w
h
e
r
e
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
s
i
g
n
a
l
is
e
n
t
e
r
e
d
a
s
i
g
n
a
l
is
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
e
d
t
h
a
t
p
o
w
e
r
s
t
h
e
e
n
g
i
n
e
.
T
h
e
m
o
t
o
r
i
s
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
i
n
g
t
o
a
g
e
a
r
b
o
x
t
h
a
t
r
o
t
a
t
e
s
t
h
e
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
r
e
s
i
s
t
i
n
g
o
u
t
p
u
t
,
w
h
i
c
h
i
n
t
u
r
n
g
i
v
e
s
an
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
s
i
g
n
a
l
t
h
a
t
is
p
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
a
l
t
o
i
ts
r
o
t
a
ti
o
n
a
n
g
l
e
.
I
t
i
s
f
e
e
d
i
n
g
t
o
t
h
e
c
o
m
p
a
r
a
t
o
r
c
i
r
c
u
i
t
t
o
g
i
v
e
a
n
e
r
r
o
r
s
i
g
n
a
l
t
h
a
t
p
o
w
e
r
s
t
h
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
u
n
t
il
t
h
e
e
r
r
o
r
s
i
g
n
a
l
b
e
co
m
e
s
z
e
r
o
,
t
h
e
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
t
o
p
s
.
T
h
is
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
is
o
n
e
o
f
i
t
s
d
i
s
a
d
v
a
n
t
a
g
e
s
.
I
t
is
s
l
o
w
f
o
r
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
i
t
s
s
p
ee
d
;
we
e
i
t
h
e
r
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
t
h
e
g
a
i
n
v
a
l
u
e
o
r
t
i
e
a
s
e
c
o
n
d
r
e
t
u
r
n
l
i
n
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
e
n
g
i
n
e
.
T
h
e
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
e
n
g
i
n
e
i
s
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
d
t
o
a
n
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
s
i
g
n
a
l
b
y
(
t
a
c
h
o
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
)
a
n
d
f
e
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
r
e
f
l
e
x
li
n
e
t
o
t
h
e
c
o
m
p
a
r
a
t
o
r
i
n
o
r
d
e
r
to
b
e
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
s
i
g
n
al
a
n
d
s
t
o
p
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
e
r
r
o
r
r
a
t
e
b
e
c
o
m
e
s
ze
r
o
(
t
h
e
d
i
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
f
a
n
i
n
t
h
e
d
i
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
w
i
n
d
)
.
T
h
e
r
e
i
s
a
n
e
r
r
o
r
r
a
t
e
i
n
t
h
e
s
e
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
s
d
u
e
t
o
t
h
e
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
(
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
s
)
.
L
o
s
s
o
f
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
a
p
p
l
i
a
n
c
e
s
(
l
o
s
s
es
)
a
n
d
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
d
e
v
i
c
e
s
u
s
e
d
(
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
)
.
I
n
t
h
e
c
a
s
e
o
f
u
s
i
n
g
a
s
i
n
g
l
e
p
o
s
i
t
i
o
n
f
e
e
d
b
a
c
k
l
i
n
e
,
w
e
n
o
t
i
c
e
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
is
s
l
o
w
a
n
d
f
o
r
i
n
c
r
e
as
i
n
g
th
e
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
s
p
e
e
d
.
T
h
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
f
e
e
d
l
i
n
e
(
v
e
l
o
ci
t
y
f
e
e
d
b
a
c
k
)
h
a
s
li
n
k
e
d
,
w
h
i
c
h
in
c
r
e
a
s
es
t
h
e
s
p
e
e
d
,
b
u
t
w
e
s
ee
t
h
e
s
t
a
t
u
s
o
f
t
h
e
o
v
e
r
s
h
o
o
t
s
i
g
n
a
l
i
n
a
d
d
it
i
o
n
t
o
t
h
e
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
i
n
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
s
i
g
n
a
l
(
o
s
ci
l
l
at
i
o
n
)
,
w
h
ic
h
h
a
s
r
e
d
u
c
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
f
e
e
d
li
n
e
.
I
n
o
t
h
e
r
w
o
r
d
s
,
t
h
e
t
w
o
l
i
n
e
s
o
f
f
e
e
d
i
n
g
a
r
e
b
e
tt
e
r
t
o
g
e
t
t
h
e
b
e
t
te
r
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
,
e
v
e
n
i
n
t
e
r
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
e
r
r
o
r
r
a
t
e
i
n
t
h
e
r
es
p
o
n
s
e
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
t
h
e
a
t
t
a
c
h
e
d
T
a
b
l
e
4
a
n
d
t
h
e
c
u
r
v
e
s
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
0
.
W
i
n
d
A
n
g
l
e
o
f
A
t
t
a
c
k
V
s
.
O
u
t
p
u
t
A
n
g
l
e
o
f
N
a
c
e
l
l
e
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
W
i
n
d
o
f
A
t
t
a
c
k
(
D
e
g
r
e
e
)
O
/
p
A
n
g
l
e
o
f
N
a
c
e
l
l
e
(
D
e
g
r
e
e
)
G
a
i
n
=
1
.
7
G
a
i
n
=
1
.
4
G
a
i
n
=
1
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
Usi
n
g
p
o
s
itio
n
co
n
tr
o
l to
imp
r
o
ve
th
e
efficien
cy
o
f wi
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
(
R
o
s
h
en
Ta
r
iq
A
h
med
h
a
md
i
)
3245
T
ab
le
4
.
E
r
r
o
r
s
ig
n
al
b
etwe
en
I
/P a
n
d
O/P si
g
n
als
I
/
P
A
i
r
A
n
g
l
e
o
f
A
t
t
a
c
k
Er
r
o
r
o
f
O
/
P
A
n
g
l
e
o
f
t
h
e
N
a
c
e
l
l
e
a
c
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
t
o
i
n
p
u
t
a
t
G
=
1
.
7
w
i
t
h
1
F
.
B
a
t
G
=
1
.
4
w
i
t
h
1
F
.
B
a
t
G
a
i
n
=
1
w
i
t
h
2
F
.
B
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
20
1
2
1
30
1
4
3
40
1
5
4
50
1
6
4
60
1
8
6
70
3
8
5
80
3
9
7
90
3
8
8
Fig
u
r
e
10
.
Sh
o
ws th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
er
r
o
r
b
etwe
en
th
e
in
p
u
t sig
n
al
an
d
th
e
ex
it si
g
n
al,
an
d
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
g
ain
v
alu
es u
s
ed
.
W
h
er
e
we
n
o
te
th
e
lo
west p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
er
r
o
r
s
is
at
th
e
h
ig
h
est v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
g
a
in
an
d
wh
e
n
lin
k
in
g
th
e
two
f
ee
d
in
g
lin
es
3.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
Ma
n
y
s
tu
d
ies
tr
y
to
m
ak
e
th
e
t
u
r
b
in
e
r
o
tatio
n
s
p
ee
d
with
in
th
e
n
o
r
m
al
lim
its
n
ec
ess
ar
y
f
o
r
it
s
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
at
th
e
s
am
e
tim
e
to
p
r
o
te
ct
it
f
r
o
m
co
llap
s
e
wh
en
r
o
tat
in
g
at
h
ig
h
s
p
ee
d
d
u
e
t
o
h
ig
h
win
d
s
p
ee
d
.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
a
m
ec
h
an
is
m
h
as
b
ee
n
d
esig
n
ed
to
d
ir
ec
t
th
e
win
d
en
er
g
y
r
o
to
r
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
to
th
e
win
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
wh
en
th
e
win
d
ch
a
n
g
e
its
d
ir
ec
tio
n
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
al
s
p
ee
d
in
o
r
d
e
r
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
g
en
er
atin
g
elec
tr
ic
p
o
wer
a
n
d
ce
r
tain
ly
with
in
th
e
lim
its
allo
wed
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
in
th
is
w
o
r
k
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
is
m
ec
h
an
is
m
r
aises
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
win
d
p
o
wer
g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
b
y
8
0
%
wh
en
th
e
r
o
to
r
o
f
th
e
wi
n
d
tu
r
b
in
e
d
ir
ec
ted
to
war
d
s
th
e
win
d
th
a
n
if
th
e
y
h
ad
f
ix
e
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
K
.
Jih
a
n
e
a
n
d
M
.
C
h
e
rk
a
o
u
i
,
"
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
b
a
c
k
trac
k
i
n
g
se
a
rc
h
o
p
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
fo
r
P
V/Wi
n
d
/F
C
sy
ste
m
,
"
T
EL
KO
M
NIKA
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
t
io
n
,
Co
m
p
u
t
in
g
,
El
e
c
tro
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
C
o
n
tro
l,
v
o
l.
18
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
4
5
6
-
4
6
4
,
2
0
2
0
.
[
2
]
G
i
a
n
t
o
,
R
u
d
y
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
T
w
o
-
p
o
r
t
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
m
o
d
e
l
o
f
f
i
x
e
d
-
s
p
e
e
d
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
f
o
r
d
i
s
t
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
l
o
a
d
f
l
o
w
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
,
"
T
E
L
K
O
M
N
I
K
A
T
e
l
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
,
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
17
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1569
-
1575
,
2
0
1
9
.
[
3
]
L
i
d
u
l
a
N
.
W
.
A.
,
e
t
a
l
.
"
AS
E
A
N
to
w
a
rd
s
c
l
e
a
n
a
n
d
s
u
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
l
e
e
n
e
rg
y
:
P
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
s
,
u
t
il
i
z
a
t
io
n
a
n
d
b
a
r
r
i
e
r
s
,
"
R
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
En
e
r
g
y
,
v
o
l.
32
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
1
4
4
1
-
1
4
5
2
,
2
0
0
7
.
[4
]
S
h
n
e
e
n
,
S
a
lam
Wale
y
,
"
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
o
p
t
ima
l
fo
r
p
o
we
r
-
e
lec
tro
n
i
c
sy
ste
m
s
fo
r
th
e
g
ri
d
i
n
teg
ra
t
io
n
o
f
e
n
e
rg
y
so
u
rc
e
s
,
"
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
5
4
3
-
555
,
2
0
1
6
.
[5
]
Warta
n
a
I.
,
Ni
P
u
t
u
Ag
u
stin
i,
a
n
d
Ja
i
G
o
v
in
d
S
in
g
h
,
"
Op
ti
m
a
l
In
t
e
g
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
th
e
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
E
n
e
rg
y
to
t
h
e
G
rid
b
y
Co
n
sid
e
ri
n
g
S
m
a
ll
S
ig
n
a
l
S
tab
il
it
y
Co
n
stra
in
t
,
"
I
n
te
rn
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
t
e
r
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
2
3
2
9
-
2
3
3
7
,
2
0
1
7
.
[6
]
S
.
S
.
Wale
y
,
C
.
M
a
o
,
a
n
d
D
.
Wa
n
g
,
"
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
o
p
t
ima
l
P
S
O,
F
u
z
z
y
a
n
d
P
I
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r
wit
h
P
M
S
M
a
n
d
WT
G
S
a
t
5
Hz
sid
e
o
f
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
a
n
d
5
0
H
z
S
id
e
o
f
G
rid
,
"
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
7
3
-
1
9
2
,
2
0
1
6
.
[7
]
S
a
k
e
e
n
,
Ba
sh
a
r,
Na
ss
e
e
r
K.
Ba
c
h
a
c
h
e
,
a
n
d
S
h
a
o
ro
n
g
Wan
g
,
"
F
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
Co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
P
V
-
Die
se
l
Hy
b
ri
d
P
o
we
r
S
y
ste
m
Us
in
g
O
p
ti
m
a
l
F
u
z
z
y
Lo
g
ic
C
o
n
t
ro
ll
e
r
,
"
2
0
1
3
IE
EE
1
1
th
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
De
p
e
n
d
a
b
le,
Au
to
n
o
mic
a
n
d
S
e
c
u
re
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
IE
EE
,
2
0
1
3
.
[8
]
Ro
g
e
rs,
Je
n
n
ifer
C.
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
P
u
b
l
ic
p
e
rc
e
p
ti
o
n
s
o
f
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
it
ies
fo
r
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
ty
-
b
a
se
d
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
p
ro
jec
ts
,
"
En
e
rg
y
p
o
li
c
y
,
v
o
l
.
36
,
n
o
.
11
,
p
p
.
4
2
1
7
-
4
2
2
6
,
2
0
0
8
.
[9
]
S
.
S
.
Wale
y
,
"
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
Op
ti
m
a
l
fo
r
T
h
re
e
P
h
a
se
Re
c
ti
fier
in
P
o
we
r
-
El
e
c
tro
n
ic
S
y
ste
m
s
,
"
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
11
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
8
2
1
-
8
3
0
,
2
0
1
8
.
E
r
r
o
r
s
i
g
n
a
l
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
I
/
P
a
n
d
O
/
P
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
I
np
ut
s
i
gn
a
l
(
D
e
gre
e
)
E
r
r
o
r
s
i
g
n
a
l
w
i
t
h
o
u
t
p
u
t
1
FB
a
n
d
G
=
1
.
7
1
FB
a
n
d
G
=
1
.
4
2
FB
a
n
d
G
=
1
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
32
40
-
32
46
3246
[
1
0
]
L
i
a
n
g
,
T
s
o
r
n
g
-
J
u
u
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
U
l
t
r
a
-
l
a
r
g
e
g
a
i
n
s
t
e
p
-
u
p
s
w
i
t
c
h
e
d
-
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
o
r
D
C
-
D
C
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
w
i
t
h
c
o
u
p
l
e
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
o
r
f
o
r
a
l
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
v
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
o
f
e
n
e
r
g
y
,
"
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
s
a
n
d
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
I
:
R
e
g
u
l
a
r
P
a
p
e
r
s
,
v
o
l
.
59
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
864
-
874
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
1
]
Ve
n
g
a
d
a
k
rish
n
a
n
,
Kris
h
n
a
k
u
m
a
r,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
T
o
rq
u
e
rip
p
le
m
in
imi
z
a
ti
o
n
o
f
P
M
BLDC
m
o
to
r
u
sin
g
sim
p
le
b
o
o
st
in
v
e
rter
,
"
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
10
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
7
1
4
-
1
7
2
3
,
2
0
1
9
.
[
1
2
]
S
.
S
.
W
a
l
e
y
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
L
F
A
C
{
1
6
2
/
3
H
z
}
f
o
r
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
p
o
w
e
r
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
:
a
c
o
m
p
a
r
a
t
i
v
e
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
t
u
d
y
,
"
T
E
L
K
O
M
N
I
K
A
T
e
l
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
17
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1055
-
1064
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
3
]
M
a
n
we
ll
,
Ja
m
e
s
F
.
,
J
o
n
G
.
M
c
G
o
wa
n
,
a
n
d
An
t
h
o
n
y
L.
R
o
g
e
r
s
,
“
Wi
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
e
x
p
lain
e
d
:
t
h
e
o
ry
,
d
e
sig
n
a
n
d
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
,
”
J
o
h
n
W
il
e
y
&
S
o
n
s
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
4
]
Ow
u
su
,
P
.
As
a
n
tew
a
a
,
a
n
d
S
.
A
.
S
a
rk
o
d
ie
,
"
A rev
iew
o
f
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
y
so
u
rc
e
s,
su
sta
in
a
b
il
it
y
issu
e
s a
n
d
c
li
m
a
te
c
h
a
n
g
e
m
it
i
g
a
ti
o
n
,
"
C
o
g
e
n
t
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l.
3
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
4
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
5
]
S
.
S
.
W
a
l
e
y
,
"
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
Op
ti
m
a
l
f
o
r
P
V
sy
ste
m
c
o
u
p
led
wit
h
P
M
S
M
,
"
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ie
n
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
5
5
6
-
5
6
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
6
]
A
.
A.
Ka
d
u
m
"
Lo
ss
m
i
n
imiz
a
ti
o
n
DTC
e
lec
tri
c
m
o
to
r
d
ri
v
e
sy
ste
m
b
a
se
d
o
n
a
d
a
p
t
iv
e
AN
N
stra
teg
y
,
"
El
e
k
tro
n
ika
ir
El
e
k
tro
tec
h
n
ika
,
v
o
l.
11
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
6
1
8
-
6
2
4
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
7
]
P
il
lai,
Bra
n
e
sh
M
.
,
a
n
d
J
.
S
u
t
h
a
k
o
rn
,
"
M
o
ti
o
n
c
o
n
tro
l
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s:
o
b
se
rv
e
r
b
a
se
d
DC
m
o
t
o
r
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
e
stim
a
ti
o
n
fo
r
n
o
v
ice
s
,
"
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Po
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
10
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
9
5
-
201
,
2
0
1
9
.
[
1
8
]
A
d
e
r
i
b
i
g
b
e
,
I
.
A
d
e
k
i
t
a
n
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
D
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
a
t
u
s
o
f
a
T
h
r
e
e
P
h
a
s
e
I
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
M
o
t
o
r
u
s
i
n
g
a
p
r
e
d
i
c
t
i
v
e
d
a
t
a
m
i
n
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
l
,
"
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
D
r
i
v
e
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
10
,
n
o
.
1
,
pp.
93
-
103
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
9
]
J.
A.
Ka
d
h
u
m
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Util
iza
ti
o
n
o
f
DC
m
o
t
o
r
-
AC
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
sy
s
tem
to
c
o
n
v
e
rt
th
e
so
lar
d
irec
t
c
u
rre
n
t
i
n
to
2
2
0
v
a
lt
e
rn
a
ti
n
g
c
u
rre
n
t
,
"
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
C
o
mp
u
ta
ti
o
n
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
e
d
S
c
ien
c
e
s
,
v
o
l.
5
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
3
9
1
-
3
9
6
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
0
]
M
in
k
a
,
Iss
a
m
,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
P
rima
ry
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
c
o
n
tro
l
a
p
p
li
e
d
to
t
h
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
t
h
e
DFI
G
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
d
b
y
th
e
AD
RC
,
"
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
m
,
v
o
l
.
10
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
4
9
-
1
0
5
8
,
2
0
1
9
.
[
2
1
]
M
e
n
s
o
u
,
S
a
r
a
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
"
P
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
a
v
e
c
t
o
r
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
f
o
r
D
F
I
G
d
r
i
v
e
n
b
y
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
:
R
e
a
l
t
i
m
e
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
u
s
i
n
g
D
S
1
1
0
4
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
b
o
a
r
d
,
"
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
D
r
i
v
e
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
10
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1003
-
1013
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
2
]
Hic
h
e
m
,
Ha
m
ian
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
"
A
win
d
tu
rb
i
n
e
se
n
so
rles
s
a
u
to
m
a
ti
c
c
o
n
tr
o
l
sy
ste
m
s,
a
n
a
ly
sis,
m
o
d
e
ll
in
g
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
IDA
-
P
BC me
th
o
d
,
"
In
t
J
Po
w
El
e
c
&
Dr
i
S
y
st
,
v
ol
.
11
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
45
-
55
,
2
0
2
0
.
[2
3
]
El
K.
Im
a
n
e
,
M
.
M
a
a
ro
u
fi,
a
n
d
B
.
Bo
ss
o
u
fi.
"
R
o
b
u
st
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
e
th
o
d
s
f
o
r
win
d
tu
rb
i
n
e
s
u
sin
g
DFIG
-
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
,
"
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
P
o
we
r E
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Dr
ive
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
10
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
1
0
1
-
1
7
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
4
]
S
.
Yu
n
u
s,
M
.
S
a
in
i,
a
n
d
A
.
Ab
u
-
S
iad
a
,
"
Dy
n
a
m
ic
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
c
o
m
p
a
riso
n
o
f
DFIG
a
n
d
F
CW
E
CS
d
u
r
in
g
g
ri
d
fa
u
lt
s
,
"
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
T
e
lec
o
m
mu
n
ica
t
io
n
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
n
tro
l
,
v
o
l.
17
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
4
0
-
46
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
5
]
M
.
A.
A
b
d
u
l
-
h
u
ss
a
in
,
R
.
T
.
Ah
m
e
d
,
"
C
o
n
n
e
c
t
th
e
Wi
n
d
F
a
rm
s
t
o
th
e
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
G
rid
a
n
d
In
d
ica
te
Th
e
ir
Eff
e
c
t
o
n
Im
p
ro
v
i
n
g
th
e
Ch
a
ra
c
teristics
o
f
th
e
Ne
two
rk
,
"
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Re
se
a
rc
h
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
S
c
ien
c
e
, v
o
l.
3
,
no.
1
,
p
p
.
45
-
48
,
2
0
1
8
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
Ro
shen
Ta
r
iq
Ahm
e
d
h
a
m
d
i
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
lec
tu
re
r
i
n
t
h
e
E
n
e
rg
y
a
n
d
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
E
n
e
rg
ies
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
Ce
n
ter,
U
n
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
Ira
q
.
I
re
c
e
iv
e
d
m
y
B
S
c
.
d
e
g
re
e
fro
m
Un
i
v
e
rsity
o
f
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
Ba
g
h
d
a
d
,
IRAQ
(1
9
8
4
)
fr
o
m
Co
n
tro
l
a
n
d
S
y
ste
m
s
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
,
fo
ll
o
we
d
b
y
M
S
c
.
(
2
0
0
3
)
in
Co
n
tro
l
E
n
g
.
fr
o
m
Un
i
v
e
rsity
o
f
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
Ba
g
h
d
a
d
,
IRAQ
.
His
field
s
o
f
in
tere
st
a
re
c
o
n
tro
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
M
a
tl
a
b
so
ftwa
re
a
n
d
S
im
u
li
n
k
a
n
d
re
n
e
wa
b
le
e
n
e
rg
ies
,
E
-
m
a
il
:
1
1
0
1
9
@
u
o
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
.
e
d
u
.
i
q
S
a
la
m
W
a
ley
S
h
n
e
e
n
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
BS
c
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
fro
m
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
Tec
h
n
ica
l
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
De
p
a
rtme
n
t,
Ir
a
q
-
Ba
g
h
d
a
d
,
i
n
1
9
9
8
.
H
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
M
sc
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
e
lec
tri
c
a
l
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
fr
o
m
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
Tec
h
n
ic
a
l
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
,
Ira
q
-
Ba
g
h
d
a
d
,
i
n
2
0
0
5
.
P
re
se
n
t
ly
,
h
e
re
c
e
iv
e
d
h
is
P
h
.
D
i
n
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
E
lec
tro
n
ic
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
fro
m
Hu
a
z
h
o
n
g
U
n
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(HU
S
T)
in
2
0
1
6
.
He
jo
i
n
e
d
a
Lec
tu
re
r
o
f
En
e
r
g
y
a
n
d
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
E
n
e
rg
ies
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
Ce
n
ter,
Un
iv
e
rsity
o
f
Tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
/Bag
h
d
a
d
,
Ira
q
.
His fi
e
l
d
s o
f
in
tere
st are
p
o
we
r
e
lec
tro
n
ic,
e
lec
tro
n
ic,
c
o
n
tro
l,
e
lec
tri
c
m
a
c
h
in
e
a
n
d
Re
n
e
wa
b
le E
n
e
rg
y
.
E
-
m
a
il
:sa
lam
_
wa
ley
7
3
@
y
a
h
o
o
.
c
o
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.