T
E
L
KO
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A
, V
ol
.
17
,
No.
6,
Dec
e
mb
er
20
1
9,
p
p.
3
18
3
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3190
IS
S
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No: 2
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K
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T
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18
DOI:
10.12928/TE
LK
OM
N
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1
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6
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An
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Key
w
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:
fi
l
tra
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o
n
,
i
m
p
o
rta
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t
p
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p
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ti
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s
,
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s
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,
m
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t
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y
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s
te
r
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wat
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r
c
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Copy
righ
t
©
2
0
1
9
Uni
v
e
rsi
t
a
s
Ahm
a
d
D
a
hl
a
n.
All
rig
ht
s
r
e
s
e
rve
d
.
1.
Int
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
Mi
n
eral
o
i
l
ha
s
be
e
n
us
e
d
i
n
a
tr
an
s
f
ormer
s
i
nc
e
18
92
.
T
h
e
fi
r
s
t
k
no
wn
o
i
l
-
fi
l
l
ed
tr
an
s
former
was
pro
du
c
ed
by
the
G
en
era
l
E
l
ec
tr
i
c
ba
s
ed
on
E
l
i
hu
T
h
om
s
o
n’
s
p
ate
nt
i
n
18
82
.
It
was
s
oo
n
r
ec
og
ni
z
ed
th
a
t
the
o
i
l
-
f
i
l
l
e
d
tr
a
ns
former
i
s
mo
r
e
ef
fi
c
i
en
t
tha
n
t
he
d
r
y
ty
pe
on
e
[
1].
In
a
dd
i
ti
on
to
s
erv
i
ng
as
i
ns
u
l
at
i
o
n
i
n
c
on
j
un
c
t
i
on
wi
t
h
s
o
l
i
d
i
ns
u
l
at
i
on
,
ma
i
nl
y
p
ap
er
a
nd
pres
s
bo
ard,
th
e
oi
l
a
l
s
o
w
ork
s
as
a
c
oo
l
i
ng
me
d
i
u
m
.
La
ter,
th
e
oi
l
was
a
l
s
o
r
ec
og
n
i
z
ed
to
prov
i
de
i
nfo
r
ma
t
i
on
o
n
th
e
he
a
l
th
c
on
di
t
i
o
n
of
the
tr
an
s
f
ormer
[2]
.
Nowa
da
y
s
,
T
he
oi
l
-
fi
l
l
e
d
tr
an
s
former
ha
s
b
ee
n
i
m
pl
em
en
ted
for
a
wi
de
r
a
ng
e
of
v
ol
t
ag
e
an
d
p
ower
r
at
i
n
g
ap
pl
i
c
ati
on
s
.
T
he
i
r
a
pp
l
i
c
at
i
on
c
ov
ers
m
ed
i
um
v
ol
tag
e
l
ev
e
l
s
of
d
i
s
t
r
i
bu
t
i
on
s
to
the
ul
tr
a
hi
g
h
v
o
l
tag
e
l
ev
el
s
of
tr
an
s
mi
s
s
i
o
ns
s
y
s
tem
s
[1]
.
Mi
n
eral
oi
l
i
s
s
ti
l
l
t
he
m
o
s
t
wi
de
l
y
us
ed
o
i
l
[3
-
5]
,
bu
t
na
tura
l
es
ter
(
v
eg
eta
b
l
e)
oi
l
s
g
ot
the
i
r
p
op
u
l
arit
y
as
a
n
al
t
ernat
i
v
e
s
ub
s
ti
t
ute
for
mi
ne
r
a
l
oi
l
du
r
i
n
g
t
he
l
as
t
three
de
c
ad
es
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
r
ea
s
on
s
ar
e
t
ha
t
na
t
ural
es
t
ers
are
n
on
-
tox
i
c
,
r
ea
di
l
y
b
i
od
eg
r
ad
ab
l
e,
an
d
po
s
s
es
s
l
ow
fi
r
e
r
i
s
k
du
e
t
o
th
ei
r
hi
g
h
f
l
as
h
an
d
fi
r
e
po
i
nts
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er,
th
e
de
pl
e
ti
o
n
o
f
the
r
es
ou
r
c
e
i
s
no
t
t
he
c
as
e
s
i
nc
e
v
eg
et
ab
l
e
o
i
l
s
are
pl
e
nti
ful
l
y
av
ai
l
a
bl
e
i
n
na
ture
[6
-
9]
.
T
he
di
s
tr
i
bu
t
i
on
tr
a
ns
forme
r
fi
l
l
ed
wi
t
h
v
eg
et
ab
l
e
oi
l
w
as
i
n
s
tal
l
ed
f
or
the
fi
r
s
t
ti
m
e
i
n
19
96
an
d
the
n
fol
l
ow
ed
by
th
e
fi
r
s
t i
n
s
tal
l
ati
on
o
f v
eg
e
tab
l
e
oi
l
-
fi
l
l
ed
p
ower tr
a
ns
former
i
n
20
02
[1
0]
.
Ini
t
i
a
l
l
y
,
the
ty
pe
of
n
atu
r
a
l
es
ter
wh
i
c
h
fou
nd
a
s
uc
c
es
s
ful
ap
p
l
i
c
at
i
o
n
as
tr
an
s
f
ormer
o
i
l
was
tr
i
-
es
ter
or
tr
i
gl
y
c
eri
d
e
ty
pe
.
L
ate
r
,
a
mo
n
oe
s
t
er
ty
pe
i
ns
u
l
at
i
n
g
o
i
l
was
de
v
e
l
op
ed
by
t
he
J
a
pa
n
es
e
c
he
mi
c
a
l
c
o
mp
an
y
Li
on
C
orpor
a
ti
o
n
,
c
al
l
ed
pa
l
m
f
att
y
ac
i
d
es
ter
(
P
F
A
E
)
.
T
he
o
i
l
was
s
y
nth
es
i
z
e
d
fr
o
m
al
c
oh
o
l
a
nd
pa
l
m
fat
ty
ac
i
d
es
ters
[1
1,
12
]
.
It
w
as
r
ep
orted
th
at
t
he
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
o
f
P
F
A
E
i
s
0.6
ti
me
s
l
es
s
t
ha
n
mi
n
eral
o
i
l
.
T
hi
s
m
ea
ns
tha
t
t
he
c
oo
l
i
n
g
c
ap
ab
i
l
i
ty
o
f
the
P
F
A
E
-
fi
l
l
e
d
tr
an
s
f
ormer
i
s
be
tt
er
tha
n
the
mi
ne
r
a
l
o
i
l
o
ne
.
T
he
d
i
e
l
ec
tr
i
c
c
on
s
ta
nt
of
t
he
o
i
l
i
s
1.3
t
i
m
es
h
i
gh
er,
c
au
s
es
the
i
ns
u
l
at
i
on
c
ha
r
ac
ter
i
s
ti
c
s
of
P
F
A
E
i
n
p
ap
er
-
a
nd
-
oi
l
c
om
po
s
i
t
e
i
ns
ul
ati
on
s
y
s
tem
s
i
s
be
t
te
r
tha
n
tha
t
of
mi
ne
r
a
l
o
i
l
.
T
he
h
i
gh
er
d
i
el
ec
tr
i
c
c
on
s
t
an
t
r
es
u
l
ti
ng
i
n
the
mo
r
e
un
i
form
e
l
ec
tr
i
c
fi
el
d
d
i
s
tr
i
b
uti
on
be
twee
n
oi
l
an
d
pa
pe
r
,
h
en
c
e,
c
ou
l
d
l
e
ad
to
th
e
mo
r
e
c
om
pa
c
t
de
s
i
g
n
o
f
th
e
tr
a
n
s
formers
.
Hav
i
ng
hi
g
he
r
f
l
a
s
h
po
i
nt
c
a
us
es
the
P
F
A
E
s
afe
r
fr
om
fi
r
e
r
i
s
k
tha
n
mi
n
eral
oi
l
.
S
i
nc
e
the
P
F
A
E
i
s
s
y
nth
es
i
z
e
d
fr
om
n
atu
r
a
l
es
ter
,
i
t
ha
s
a
hi
g
h
l
ev
el
of
bi
o
de
gra
da
b
i
l
i
ty
a
nd
n
on
t
ox
i
c
i
ty
[1
3,
1
4]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
◼
IS
S
N: 16
93
-
6
93
0
T
E
L
KO
MNIK
A
V
ol
.
17
,
No
.
6,
D
ec
em
b
er 20
19
:
31
8
3
-
3190
3184
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y
r
es
ul
ts
[15
]
s
ho
w
th
at
t
he
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
a
nd
t
he
de
ns
i
ty
of
the
m
et
hy
l
es
ter
c
om
p
l
y
we
l
l
wi
th
the
s
t
an
d
ard
s
pe
c
i
fi
c
at
i
o
n
of
as
-
r
ec
ei
v
ed
na
tura
l
es
t
er
us
ed
for
a
n
oi
l
-
f
i
l
l
e
d
tr
an
s
for
me
r
,
A
S
T
M
D
6
87
1
[16
]
.
In
the
c
urr
e
nt
wor
k
pres
en
ted
i
n
th
i
s
pa
p
er,
two
k
i
nd
s
of
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
to
i
m
prov
e
the
q
ua
l
i
ty
of
the
me
t
hy
l
es
ter
h
av
e
b
e
en
ma
d
e,
na
m
el
y
f
i
l
tr
ati
on
an
d
wa
ter
r
e
du
c
ti
on
.
S
ev
eral
tr
ea
t
me
nt
t
ec
hn
o
l
og
i
es
h
av
e
b
ee
n
us
ed
for
t
he
s
e
pa
r
at
i
o
n
of
o
i
l
/w
ate
r
mi
x
tures
,
s
uc
h
as
u
l
tr
as
on
i
c
tr
ea
tm
en
t
[1
7
],
f
i
l
tr
at
i
o
n
[
1
8
],
m
em
bra
ne
s
[1
9
],
an
d
forwar
d
os
m
os
i
s
[
20
]
.
In
the
c
urr
en
t
i
nv
es
ti
ga
t
i
on
,
the
r
e
du
c
ti
o
n
of
th
e
wat
er
c
on
te
nt
of
the
m
eth
y
l
es
ter
s
am
p
l
e
s
is
pe
r
forme
d
by
us
i
ng
a
v
ac
uu
m
r
ota
r
y
e
v
ap
orator
tec
hn
ol
og
y
,
as
wi
l
l
be
d
i
s
c
us
s
ed
i
n
mo
r
e
de
t
ai
l
i
n
s
ec
ti
on
2.3
.
T
he
m
ea
s
ure
me
nt
r
es
ul
ts
of
the
i
m
po
r
ta
nt
prop
erti
es
aft
er
tr
e
atm
en
ts
are
r
ep
ort
ed
an
d
c
o
mp
are
d
w
i
th
tho
s
e
be
f
ore
t
he
tr
e
atm
en
ts
,
an
d
are
a
ga
i
n
ev
al
u
at
ed
b
as
ed
on
the
me
nti
on
ed
s
tan
da
r
d.
T
he
s
i
gn
i
fi
c
an
c
e
of
t
he
ef
fec
ts
of
fi
l
tr
ati
on
an
d
wat
e
r
r
ed
uc
ti
on
on
the
e
l
ec
tr
i
c
a
l
pro
pe
r
ti
es
of
the
oi
l
,
w
i
th
the
ma
i
n
em
p
ha
s
i
s
o
n
the
break
do
wn
v
o
l
ta
ge
,
i
s
el
ab
ora
ted
.
2.
E
xpe
r
imen
t
2.1.
S
amp
le
P
r
epa
r
atio
n
It
was
de
s
c
r
i
be
d
i
n
the
l
i
ter
atu
r
e
[1,
7]
t
ha
t
th
e
ma
j
or
probl
em
s
i
n
i
mp
l
e
me
nt
i
n
g
na
tura
l
es
ters
as
i
ns
ul
ati
ng
oi
l
are
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
an
d
ox
i
da
t
i
on
s
ta
bi
l
i
ty
.
I
n
t
he
ori
gi
n
al
form
,
t
he
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
of
na
tura
l
es
ters
i
s
h
i
g
h
an
d
t
he
i
r
ox
i
da
t
i
o
n
s
tab
i
l
i
ty
i
s
l
o
w.
T
h
e
us
e
of
m
on
oe
s
ter
t
y
pe
,
i
ns
t
ea
d
of
tr
i
-
es
ter
(
tr
i
gl
y
c
eri
de
)
,
was
i
nte
nd
e
d
to
s
o
l
v
e
the
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
probl
em
,
w
he
r
ea
s
t
he
i
n
ten
ti
o
n
of
pe
r
form
i
ng
fr
ac
t
i
on
ati
on
wa
s
to
i
m
prov
e
the
ox
i
da
t
i
o
n
s
tab
i
l
i
ty
of
th
e
oi
l
by
s
ep
arat
i
ng
t
he
m
eth
y
l
es
ters
c
on
tai
ni
ng
s
at
ura
te
d
fa
tty
ac
i
ds
from t
he
un
s
at
u
r
ate
d o
ne
s
.
G
en
eral
l
y
,
na
t
ural
es
t
ers
(
v
eg
eta
bl
e
oi
l
s
)
are
mi
x
tur
es
of
tr
i
gl
y
c
eri
de
s
of
fat
ty
ac
i
ds
.
T
he
ox
i
da
ti
on
s
tab
i
l
i
ty
o
f
t
he
oi
l
i
s
de
ter
mi
n
ed
by
i
t
s
fat
ty
ac
i
d
c
on
ten
t
.
T
h
e
f
att
y
ac
i
ds
are
c
l
as
s
i
fi
e
d
as
s
atu
r
at
ed
a
n
d
un
s
atu
r
at
ed
f
att
y
ac
i
ds
[2
1
,
22
]
.
T
h
e
un
s
at
urate
d
fat
ty
ac
i
ds
c
on
s
i
s
t
of
mo
no
-
un
s
a
turate
d,
d
i
-
u
ns
atu
r
ate
d
an
d
tr
i
-
u
ns
atu
r
ate
d.
O
i
l
s
c
on
t
ai
ni
n
g
a
h
i
gh
am
ou
n
t
of
s
atu
r
ate
d
fa
tty
ac
i
d
s
ha
ve
a
h
i
gh
l
ev
el
of
ox
i
da
t
i
on
s
t
ab
i
l
i
ty
bu
t
a
l
s
o
ha
ve
a
hi
g
h
fr
ee
z
i
ng
p
o
i
nt.
O
n
the
oth
er
s
i
de
,
o
i
l
s
wi
t
h
a
hi
g
h
l
ev
e
l
of
un
s
a
turat
ed
fat
ty
ac
i
ds
are
pro
ne
to
ox
i
da
t
i
on
b
ut
ha
v
e
a
l
ow
fr
e
ez
i
ng
p
oi
nt
[
21
]
.
S
i
nc
e
th
e
me
thy
l
es
ter
de
r
i
v
ed
fr
om
th
e
v
e
ge
t
ab
l
e
o
i
l
s
thro
ug
h
a
tr
an
s
es
ter
i
fi
c
a
ti
o
n
proc
es
s
,
the
n
the
o
i
l
al
s
o
c
on
ta
i
n
s
a
m
i
x
ture
o
f
m
eth
y
l
es
te
r
c
om
po
ne
nts
ha
v
i
n
g d
i
ffe
r
e
nt
f
att
y
ac
i
ds
.
T
he
o
i
l
us
ed
i
n
th
e
ex
pe
r
i
me
nt
was
me
thy
l
es
ter.
F
i
v
e
k
i
n
ds
of
s
a
mp
l
es
w
ere
pr
ep
are
d
ba
s
ed
on
t
he
m
el
t
i
ng
p
oi
nt
of
ea
c
h
c
om
po
ne
nt
of
the
me
thy
l
es
ter.
A
t
th
e
fi
r
s
t
s
tep
,
the
me
thy
l
es
ter
of
a
bo
u
t
5
l
i
t
ers
wa
s
s
ol
i
d
i
fi
ed
i
n
a
r
efri
ge
r
at
or
s
et
to
t
he
t
em
p
erature
of
-
8
o
C.
A
ft
er
the
e
nti
r
e
oi
l
h
as
s
ol
i
di
f
i
e
d
,
the
n
the
oi
l
s
wer
e
t
ak
en
ou
t
fr
o
m
th
e
r
efri
ge
r
ato
r
t
o
ha
v
e
t
he
o
i
l
l
i
q
ue
f
i
ed
b
ac
k
.
T
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
1
l
i
ter
of
t
he
l
i
qu
efi
ed
oi
l
was
c
on
s
i
de
r
e
d
t
o
be
th
e
s
a
mp
l
e
S
1,
th
e
ne
x
t
1
l
i
ter
was
de
s
i
gn
ate
d
as
S
2,
a
nd
s
o
on
up
t
o
t
he
S
5
f
or
th
e
l
as
t
1
-
l
i
ter
l
i
qu
efi
ed
oi
l
.
T
h
erefore
,
the
r
e
w
ere
f
i
v
e
m
eth
y
l
es
te
r
s
am
pl
es
ha
v
i
ng
di
ff
erent
me
l
t
i
n
g
p
oi
n
ts
for
m
ea
s
ure
me
nts
.
T
ab
l
e
1
s
ho
ws
the
me
thy
l
es
ters
c
om
po
n
e
nts
of
s
am
pl
e
S
5
.
A
s
ex
pe
c
te
d,
a
l
l
m
eth
y
l
es
t
er
c
om
po
ne
nts
of
s
am
p
l
e
S
5
c
on
ta
i
n
on
l
y
s
atu
r
ate
d f
a
tty
ac
i
ds
.
T
ab
l
e
1.
Me
t
hy
l
E
s
t
er Co
m
po
ne
nts
of
S
a
mp
l
e
S
5
C
o
mpo
n
e
n
t
P
r
o
p
o
r
t
ion
(
%
)
H
e
p
t
a
n
o
ic
a
c
id
met
h
y
l
e
s
t
e
r
0
.
5
7
Oc
t
a
n
o
i
c
a
c
id
met
h
y
l
e
s
t
e
r
1
.
3
3
D
e
c
a
n
o
ic
a
c
id
me
t
h
y
l
e
s
t
e
r
0
.
4
5
D
o
d
e
c
a
n
o
ic
a
c
id
met
h
y
l
e
s
t
e
r
3
.
3
2
Tr
ide
c
a
n
o
ic
a
c
id
me
t
h
y
l
e
s
t
e
r
0
.
3
8
N
o
n
a
n
o
ic
a
c
id,
9
-
o
x
o
-
me
t
h
y
l
e
s
t
e
r
0
.
6
6
P
e
n
t
a
d
e
c
a
n
o
i
c
a
c
id
met
h
y
l
e
s
t
e
r
0
.
5
1
H
e
x
a
d
e
c
a
n
o
ic
a
c
id
met
h
y
l
e
s
t
e
r
4
4
.
9
8
P
e
n
t
a
d
e
c
a
n
o
i
c
a
c
id
,
14
-
me
t
h
y
l
-
m
e
t
h
y
l
e
s
t
e
r
4
7
.
8
0
2.2.
F
iltratio
n
S
am
pl
e
f
i
l
tr
a
ti
o
n
w
as
pe
r
f
o
r
me
d
t
o
m
i
n
i
m
i
z
e
t
he
ex
i
s
t
en
c
e
o
f
i
mp
urit
i
es
or
c
o
nta
mi
n
an
t
i
n
oi
l
.
Fi
g
ure
1
s
ho
ws
a
p
i
c
t
ure
of
th
e
e
qu
i
pm
en
t
us
ed
f
or
thi
s
pu
r
p
os
e.
T
h
e
p
ore
s
i
z
e
of
t
he
fi
l
ter
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T
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IS
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3
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6
93
0
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F
i
l
tr
at
i
o
n a
n
d wa
ter r
ed
uc
ti
on
of
me
t
hy
l
es
t
er for
i
ns
ul
ati
o
n p
urpos
e
(
A
. Ra
j
a
b
)
3185
us
ed
i
n
th
e
ex
pe
r
i
me
nt
wa
s
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.
01
μm,
thu
s
,
th
e
fi
l
ters
are
c
ap
ab
l
e
of
fi
l
teri
ng
o
u
t
c
on
tam
i
na
nt
pa
r
ti
c
l
es
wi
t
h t
h
e s
i
z
e
of
l
arger
th
a
n 0
.
0
1 μ
m.
2.3.
W
ate
r
Redu
ctio
n
T
he
pres
en
c
e
of
mo
i
s
t
ure
i
n
tr
an
s
former
o
i
l
h
as
be
e
n
wel
l
k
no
wn
to
de
c
r
ea
s
es
el
ec
tr
i
c
al
s
tr
en
gth
s
of
t
he
oi
l
,
as
w
el
l
as
th
e
tr
an
s
form
er
i
ns
ul
ati
on
as
a
who
l
e
,
th
us
d
eg
r
a
de
s
th
e
ov
eral
l
pe
r
forma
nc
e
of
the
tr
an
s
f
ormer
.
T
he
wat
er
r
ed
uc
ti
o
n
was
i
n
ten
de
d
to
i
mp
r
ov
e
th
e
el
ec
tr
i
c
al
propert
i
es
o
f
t
he
oi
l
.
T
he
eq
u
i
pm
en
t
us
ed
for
wat
er
r
ed
uc
ti
o
n
was
v
ac
uu
m
r
o
t
ary
ev
ap
ora
tor
produc
e
d b
y
B
uc
hi
Com
pa
ny
, a
s
de
pi
c
te
d i
n Fi
gu
r
e 2
.
Me
thy
l
es
ter
s
am
p
l
e
of
a
b
ou
t
50
0
mL
was
p
l
ac
ed
i
n
a
fl
as
k
(
F
i
gu
r
e
2
(
b
)
)
att
ac
he
d
to
the
r
ota
t
or
(
3),
whi
c
h
i
s
c
on
ne
c
t
ed
to
t
he
c
on
d
en
s
er
(
5).
T
he
fl
as
k
c
on
ta
i
n
i
ng
the
s
a
mp
l
e
was
i
m
me
r
s
ed
i
n
th
e
w
ate
r
b
ath
(
2)
wh
i
c
h
i
s
h
ea
te
d
by
t
he
he
a
ti
n
g
b
a
th
(
1)
s
et
at
the
te
mp
era
ture
of
70
o
C
f
or
ev
ap
orat
i
ng
wate
r
c
on
t
en
t
of
t
he
s
am
pl
e
.
T
he
e
v
ap
orati
on
r
at
e
i
s
en
ha
nc
e
d
by
v
ac
uu
mi
ng
the
s
am
pl
e
a
t
t
he
pres
s
ure
of
1
20
mb
ar,
a
nd
by
r
ot
ati
n
g
t
he
fl
as
k
at
1
60
r
pm
.
T
h
e
pr
od
uc
e
d
v
ap
or
i
s
i
nj
ec
ted
i
n
to
t
he
c
o
nd
e
ns
er
s
et
at
th
e
tem
p
erature
of
10
o
C.
T
he
c
o
nd
en
s
ed
wa
ter
i
s
c
o
l
l
ec
ted
i
n
an
oth
er
fl
as
k
(
7)
c
o
nn
ec
te
d
t
o
t
h
e
c
on
de
ns
er
throug
h
th
e
po
r
t
(
8).
P
ort
s
(
4)
an
d
(
6)
are
the
i
n
pu
t
an
d
the
ou
tpu
t
of
c
i
r
c
ul
at
i
on
wat
er
r
eq
ui
r
e
d
f
or
the
c
on
d
en
s
at
i
on
proc
es
s
.
E
ac
h
s
a
mp
l
e
t
ak
es
ab
o
ut
4
ho
urs
to
c
o
m
pl
et
e
th
e
w
ate
r
r
ed
uc
ti
o
n p
r
oc
es
s
.
2.4.
T
es
t
ing
P
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
T
he
s
ta
nd
ard
pro
c
e
du
r
e
for
t
es
ti
n
g
an
as
-
r
ec
ei
v
ed
ne
w
na
t
ural
es
ter
us
ed
f
or
tr
an
s
former
i
ns
ul
ati
on
an
d
the
r
eq
u
i
r
ed
v
a
l
ue
of
ea
c
h
oi
l
pro
pe
r
ti
es
are
l
i
s
te
d
i
n
T
ab
l
e
2.
F
or
i
ns
tan
c
e
,
th
e
t
es
ti
n
g
proc
e
du
r
e
f
or
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
fo
l
l
ows
t
he
s
ta
nd
ard
proc
e
du
r
e
A
S
T
M
D4
45
,
an
d
the
r
eq
ui
r
e
d v
al
ue
f
or th
e v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
at
th
e
te
m
pe
r
at
ure
of
40
o
C
i
s
no
t
mo
r
e t
ha
n
5
0 c
S
t.
(
a)
(
b)
F
i
gu
r
e
1.
T
h
e e
q
ui
pm
e
nt
us
ed
fo
r
oi
l
fi
l
tr
at
i
o
n
F
i
gu
r
e
2.
T
h
e e
q
ui
pm
e
nt
us
ed
fo
r
w
ate
r
c
o
nte
n
t red
uc
ti
on
of
th
e o
i
l
:
(
a)
t
he
B
uc
h
i
v
ac
uu
m ro
tary
ev
ap
orator,
and
(
b)
t
he
f
l
as
k
c
on
t
ai
n
i
n
g
s
am
pl
e
T
ab
l
e
2.
A
s
-
Rec
ei
v
e
d Ne
w
Natu
r
a
l
E
s
t
er
P
r
o
pe
r
ty
Req
ui
r
em
en
ts
f
or
T
r
an
s
form
er Us
e
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
L
im
it
Tes
t
Me
t
h
o
d
Fire
P
o
in
t
,
mi
n
,
o
C
300
D
9
2
P
o
u
r
P
o
in
t
,
ma
x
,
o
C
-
10
D
9
7
R
e
lat
iv
e
D
e
n
s
i
t
y
,
1
5
o
C
/
1
5
o
C
,
ma
x
0
.
9
6
D
1
2
9
8
V
is
c
o
s
it
y
(
4
0
o
C
)
,
ma
x
,
c
S
t
50
D
4
4
5
B
r
e
a
k
d
o
w
n
v
o
lt
a
g
e
,
m
in,
k
V
35
D
1
8
1
6
D
is
s
ipa
t
ion
f
a
c
t
o
r
a
t
6
0
H
z
,
2
5
o
C
,
max
,
%
0
.
2
D
9
2
4
A
c
id
n
u
mbe
r
,
ma
x
,
mg
K
OH
/
g
0
.
06
974
W
a
t
e
r
c
o
n
t
e
n
t
,
ma
x
,
mg
/
k
g
200
D
1
5
3
3
3.
Result
s
a
n
d
Dis
cussion
3.1
.
Result
s
3.1
.1
.
W
ate
r
Co
n
t
ent
T
he
w
ate
r
c
on
te
nt
of
al
l
t
es
ted
s
a
mp
l
es
an
d
th
e
r
e
qu
i
r
e
d
v
a
l
ue
by
th
e
s
ta
nd
ard
are
de
p
i
c
ted
i
n
F
i
gu
r
e
3.
T
he
l
e
ft
s
i
de
of
ea
c
h
ba
r
r
ep
r
es
en
ts
th
e
me
as
ure
me
n
t
r
es
ul
ts
b
efo
r
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
◼
IS
S
N: 16
93
-
6
93
0
T
E
L
KO
MNIK
A
V
ol
.
17
,
No
.
6,
D
ec
em
b
er 20
19
:
31
8
3
-
3190
3186
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
,
i
.
e.
wa
ter
c
on
te
nt
r
ed
uc
t
i
on
an
d
f
i
l
tr
ati
on
,
whereas
,
o
n
th
e
r
i
gh
t
s
i
de
are
tho
s
e
aft
er
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
.
It
i
s
c
l
ea
r
fr
om
F
i
gu
r
e
3
tha
t
the
w
ate
r
c
o
nte
nt
of
a
l
l
t
es
ted
s
a
mp
l
es
i
s
s
i
gn
i
fi
c
a
ntl
y
hi
g
he
r
t
ha
n
th
at
s
p
ec
i
f
i
ed
by
t
he
s
t
an
d
ard.
T
r
e
atm
en
ts
r
e
du
c
ed
wat
er
c
on
te
nt
s
i
gn
i
fi
c
an
tl
y
,
pa
r
ti
c
u
l
arly
,
s
am
p
l
es
S
3,
S
4,
an
d
S
5
whos
e
wat
e
r
c
on
ten
ts
ap
proac
h
i
ng
the
s
tan
da
r
d
v
al
ue
.
Howev
er, w
ate
r
c
on
ten
t
r
e
mo
v
al
s
h
ou
l
d
be
f
urther p
er
formed
to
ge
t
a
be
tte
r
r
es
u
l
t.
F
i
gu
r
e
3.
T
h
e wa
t
er c
on
t
en
t
of
a
l
l
tes
ted
s
am
p
l
es
a
nd
t
he
s
tan
da
r
d v
a
l
u
e
3.1
.2
.
Bre
a
kdo
w
n
V
o
lt
age
T
he
bre
ak
do
w
n
v
ol
t
ag
e
of
al
l
tes
t
ed
o
i
l
s
am
pl
es
,
b
oth
b
efo
r
e
an
d
af
ter
tr
e
at
me
nts
(
fi
l
tr
at
i
o
n
an
d
wa
ter
r
ed
uc
t
i
on
)
a
nd
the
r
e
qu
i
r
ed
v
a
l
u
e
fr
om
the
A
S
T
M
D
68
7
1
s
tan
da
r
d
are
s
ho
wn
i
n
F
i
g
ure
4.
It
i
s
c
l
e
ar
fr
om
F
i
g
ure
4
th
at
th
e
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
e
nh
an
c
e
t
he
bre
ak
do
wn
v
ol
t
ag
e
of
al
l
tes
ted
s
am
pl
es
to
th
e
ac
c
ep
tab
l
e
l
ev
el
s
s
pe
c
i
f
i
ed
by
the
s
tan
d
ard.
T
he
o
nl
y
ex
c
ep
ti
on
i
s
s
am
pl
e
S
1
whos
e
break
do
wn
v
o
l
ta
ge
i
s
be
l
ow
t
he
s
tan
da
r
d
l
ev
el
s
.
T
hi
s
c
ou
l
d
be
d
ue
to
t
he
ex
po
s
ure
of
th
e
s
a
mp
l
e
S
1
to
ot
he
r
i
mp
urit
i
e
s
s
uc
h
as
du
s
t
or
m
oi
s
tur
e
fr
o
m
t
he
ai
r
du
r
i
n
g
t
he
s
tor
i
ng
proc
es
s
,
or
d
urin
g
th
e
po
uri
ng
pr
oc
es
s
of
th
e
o
i
l
i
nto
the
oi
l
c
ha
mb
er
at
the
bre
ak
do
w
n v
ol
tag
e m
e
as
ureme
nt.
F
i
gu
r
e
4.
T
h
e B
r
e
ak
do
w
n v
ol
ta
ge
of
a
l
l
tes
ted
s
am
p
l
es
an
d
the
s
t
an
d
ard v
al
ue
3.1
.3
.
V
isc
o
sity
T
he
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
i
s
a
n
i
mp
ort
a
nt
prop
erty
r
el
at
ed
t
o
th
e
a
bi
l
i
ty
of
the
oi
l
to
ev
ac
ua
t
e
he
at,
thu
s
,
i
t
i
s
a
v
i
ta
l
property
for
the
o
i
l
t
o
s
erv
e
as
t
he
c
o
ol
i
ng
m
ed
i
um
.
T
he
l
ower
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
,
the
b
ett
er
c
o
ol
i
ng
c
ap
a
bi
l
i
t
y
of
the
oi
l
.
F
i
gu
r
e
5
pres
e
nts
the
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
of
al
l
tes
te
d
s
am
p
l
es
a
nd
the
r
e
qu
i
r
ed
v
a
l
u
e
fr
o
m
th
e
A
S
T
M
D
6
87
1
s
tan
da
r
d.
A
s
ex
p
ec
ted
,
th
e
v
i
s
c
os
i
t
y
of
a
l
l
me
t
hy
l
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
MNIK
A
IS
S
N: 1
69
3
-
6
93
0
◼
F
i
l
tr
at
i
o
n a
n
d wa
ter r
ed
uc
ti
on
of
me
t
hy
l
es
t
er for
i
ns
ul
ati
o
n p
urpos
e
(
A
. Ra
j
a
b
)
3187
es
ter
s
am
p
l
es
i
s
we
l
l
be
l
o
w
the
s
tan
d
ard
v
a
l
ue
.
It
c
an
al
s
o
be
s
e
en
tha
t
tr
ea
t
me
nt
s
do
n
ot
aff
ec
t
the
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
o
f a
l
l
t
es
ted
s
a
mp
l
es
.
F
i
gu
r
e
5.
T
h
e v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
of
al
l
te
s
te
d s
am
pl
es
an
d
th
e
s
tan
da
r
d v
al
ue
3.1
.4
.
O
xidat
ion
S
t
abil
it
y
T
he
ox
i
da
ti
on
s
tab
i
l
i
ty
t
es
t
i
s
no
t
l
i
s
te
d
i
n
th
e
A
S
T
M
D
6
87
1
s
tan
da
r
d
as
s
h
own
i
n
T
ab
l
e
1.
H
owev
er,
the
i
ns
u
l
at
i
ng
o
i
l
i
s
us
ed
i
n
th
e
oi
l
-
f
i
l
l
ed
tr
an
s
f
ormer
f
or
a
l
on
g
ti
me
,
ty
p
i
c
al
l
y
i
n
th
e
r
an
g
e
of
3
0
-
40
y
ea
r
s
[5]
.
Henc
e
,
the
i
nv
es
ti
ga
t
i
o
n
of
the
ox
i
d
ati
on
s
tab
i
l
i
ty
o
f
oi
l
proj
ec
ted
to
b
e
an
i
ns
ul
a
ti
n
g
oi
l
i
n
a
tr
an
s
for
me
r
ne
e
d
t
o
be
c
o
nd
uc
t
ed
to
as
s
es
s
the
l
o
ng
-
term
pe
r
forma
nc
e
o
f
th
e
o
i
l
.
In
thi
s
i
nv
es
ti
g
ati
on
,
the
ox
i
d
ati
o
n
s
tab
i
l
i
ty
of
a
l
l
t
es
ted
s
am
pl
es
was
ev
al
u
ate
d
by
me
as
urin
g
t
he
i
r
p
erox
i
d
e
v
al
ue
s
.
T
h
e
hi
g
he
r
pe
r
ox
i
de
v
al
u
e
m
e
an
s
the
hi
gh
er
am
ou
nt
o
f o
i
l
s
a
mp
l
e o
x
i
d
i
z
ed
d
urin
g
th
e t
es
t, t
hu
s
, t
he
l
ow
er ox
i
d
ati
on
s
ta
bi
l
i
ty
i
s
.
F
i
gu
r
e
6
s
ho
ws
the
pe
r
o
x
i
de
v
al
ue
of
a
l
l
o
i
l
s
a
m
pl
es
an
d
the
c
om
pa
r
i
s
o
n
wi
th
the
mi
n
eral
o
i
l
tes
t
r
es
u
l
t.
It
c
an
b
e
p
erc
ei
v
ed
fr
om
F
i
g
ure
6
tha
t
th
e
p
erox
i
d
e
v
al
u
e
of
al
l
me
thy
l
es
ter
s
am
pl
es
i
s
s
ti
l
l
h
i
gh
e
r
tha
n
th
at
of
mi
n
eral
oi
l
,
e
i
the
r
b
efo
r
e
or
aft
er
tr
e
atm
en
ts
.
It
i
s
a
l
s
o
fou
n
d
tha
t
s
am
pl
e
S
5
h
as
the
l
ow
es
t
pe
r
ox
i
d
e
nu
mb
er
aft
er
tr
ea
t
me
nts
,
whi
c
h
me
an
s
the
hi
gh
es
t
ox
i
da
t
i
on
s
tab
i
l
i
ty
am
o
ng
a
l
l
me
thy
l
es
te
r
s
am
p
l
es
,
t
ho
u
gh
i
ts
l
ev
e
l
i
s
s
ti
l
l
be
l
ow
the
ox
i
d
ati
on
s
tab
i
l
i
ty
of
m
i
ne
r
al
o
i
l
.
T
he
me
t
hy
l
es
ter
oi
l
n
ee
ds
furt
he
r
tr
ea
t
me
nt
s
to
i
mp
r
ov
e
i
ts
ox
i
da
t
i
o
n s
tab
i
l
i
ty
.
F
i
gu
r
e
6.
P
erox
i
de
n
um
be
r
of
a
l
l
t
es
ted
s
a
mp
l
es
a
nd
t
h
at
of
mi
ne
r
a
l
o
i
l
3.1
.5
.
Acid Nu
mb
e
r
A
no
t
he
r
i
m
po
r
ta
nt
proper
ty
i
n
qu
al
i
fy
i
n
g
a
n
oi
l
i
nte
n
de
d
to
be
i
ns
ul
ati
ng
oi
l
i
n
the
tr
an
s
form
er
i
s
ac
i
d
n
u
mb
er.
F
or
a
ne
w
es
t
er,
i
t
i
n
di
c
ate
s
the
ex
i
s
t
en
c
e
of
fr
e
e
fat
ty
ac
i
ds
i
n
the
oi
l
,
wh
i
c
h
f
ai
l
e
d
t
o
r
e
a
c
t
wi
t
h
al
c
o
ho
l
d
urin
g
t
he
tr
an
s
es
teri
f
i
c
ati
on
proc
es
s
.
T
he
s
e
ac
i
ds
are
h
i
gh
m
ol
ec
ul
ar
we
i
gh
t
ac
i
ds
.
It
i
s
i
mp
ortant
to
mi
n
i
m
i
z
e
t
he
am
ou
nt
of
a
c
i
d
pres
e
nt
i
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
◼
IS
S
N: 16
93
-
6
93
0
T
E
L
KO
MNIK
A
V
ol
.
17
,
No
.
6,
D
ec
em
b
er 20
19
:
31
8
3
-
3190
3188
the
i
ns
u
l
a
ti
n
g
oi
l
s
i
nc
e
th
e
break
do
w
n
v
ol
ta
ge
of
t
he
e
s
ter
oi
l
c
ou
l
d
dro
p
i
f
th
e
c
on
c
en
tr
at
i
on
o
f
the
s
e a
c
i
ds
was
h
i
g
h e
no
u
gh
u
p t
o
the
ac
i
d
nu
mb
er
l
a
r
ge
r
th
a
n 9
mg
K
O
H/g
[23
]
.
F
i
gu
r
e
7
s
h
ows
th
e
ac
i
d
n
um
be
r
of
al
l
t
es
ted
me
t
hy
l
es
ter
s
am
pl
es
.
It
i
s
s
ho
w
n
th
at
the
ac
i
d
n
um
b
er
of
a
l
l
s
a
m
pl
es
i
s
hi
g
he
r
th
an
t
ha
t
s
p
e
c
i
fi
e
d
by
th
e
s
tan
d
ard.
It
c
a
n
al
s
o
be
s
ee
n
tha
t
th
e
ac
i
d
nu
mb
er
of
the
me
t
hy
l
e
s
ter
s
am
p
l
es
r
em
ai
ns
at
the
s
am
e
l
ev
e
l
s
be
fore
a
nd
aft
er tr
e
atm
e
nts
.
F
i
gu
r
e
7.
T
h
e a
c
i
d n
um
b
er
of
a
l
l
t
es
ted
s
a
mp
l
es
a
nd
t
h
e s
tan
d
ard
3.1
.6
.
Rela
t
iv
e De
n
sity
T
he
r
el
ati
v
e
de
ns
i
ty
r
eq
u
i
r
ed
for
as
-
r
ec
ei
v
e
d
na
tura
l
es
ter
-
ba
s
ed
i
ns
u
l
at
i
ng
oi
l
i
s
eq
ua
l
or
l
es
s
t
ha
n
0
.
9
6,
as
me
nti
on
ed
i
n
T
a
bl
e
1.
T
he
me
as
ureme
nt
r
es
u
l
ts
of
th
e
r
e
l
at
i
v
e
d
en
s
i
ty
of
al
l
tes
t
ed
s
am
p
l
es
are
de
pi
c
ted
i
n
F
i
g
ure
8.
It
i
s
c
l
ea
r
f
r
om
t
he
F
i
g
ure
8
t
ha
t
th
e
d
en
s
i
ty
of
al
l
oi
l
s
am
pl
es
,
b
oth
b
efo
r
e
an
d
aft
er
tr
ea
t
me
nts
,
are
we
l
l
b
el
ow
th
e
v
a
l
u
e
s
p
ec
i
fi
ed
by
the
s
ta
nd
ard,
he
nc
e,
th
e
me
thy
l
es
t
er
i
s
qu
a
l
i
f
i
ed
for
o
i
l
i
ns
u
l
a
ti
n
g
a
pp
l
i
ed
i
n
t
he
o
i
l
-
fi
l
l
ed
tr
an
s
f
ormer
b
as
ed
on
thi
s
pro
pe
r
ty
.
T
h
e
r
el
ati
v
e
de
ns
i
ty
i
s
a
l
s
o
no
t
aff
ec
ted
by
the
tr
ea
t
me
n
ts
as
c
an
be
s
ee
n
c
l
e
arly
fr
om
Fi
gu
r
e
8.
F
i
gu
r
e
8.
T
h
e rel
ati
v
e
de
ns
i
ty
of
a
l
l
t
es
ted
s
a
mp
l
es
a
nd
th
e s
ta
nd
ard
3.2.
Disc
u
s
sion
T
he
e
l
ec
tr
i
c
a
l
propert
i
es
of
the
i
ns
ul
a
ti
ng
oi
l
ar
e
s
en
s
i
ti
v
e
t
o
t
he
pres
en
c
e
of
i
mp
urit
i
es
an
d
wat
er.
E
x
pe
r
i
me
nt
al
r
es
ul
ts
s
h
ow
t
ha
t
fi
l
tr
at
i
on
an
d
r
ed
uc
t
i
on
of
wat
er
c
o
nte
nt
i
mp
r
ov
e
the
break
d
own
v
ol
t
ag
e
o
f
al
l
tes
te
d
oi
l
s
a
mp
l
es
.
C
om
pa
r
i
ng
w
i
th
th
e
s
ta
nd
ard,
ex
c
ep
t
S
1,
the
break
d
own
v
ol
t
ag
e
of
al
l
m
eth
y
l
es
ter
s
am
p
l
es
h
as
c
om
p
l
i
ed
wi
t
h
t
he
v
al
u
e
s
pe
c
i
fi
e
d
by
the
s
ta
nd
ar
d
A
S
T
M
D
-
68
71
.
T
h
e
en
h
an
c
em
en
t
of
the
break
do
wn
v
o
l
ta
ge
te
s
t
r
e
s
ul
ts
a
fte
r
fi
l
tr
a
ti
o
n
a
nd
wate
r
c
o
nte
nt
r
ed
uc
ti
o
n
tr
e
atm
en
ts
are
i
n
l
i
ne
w
i
th
th
os
e
r
ep
orted
i
n
the
l
i
teratur
e.
T
he
pres
en
c
e
of
c
o
nta
m
i
n
an
t
p
arti
c
l
es
i
n
oi
l
prov
i
de
s
weak
l
i
nk
s
be
t
wee
n
el
ec
tr
od
es
to
i
n
i
ti
ate
s
tr
ea
me
r
th
at
c
ou
l
d
l
e
ad
to
th
e
break
d
own
of
t
h
e
oi
l
.
B
as
ed
on
t
he
w
ea
k
l
i
nk
th
eo
r
y
of
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
MNIK
A
IS
S
N: 1
69
3
-
6
93
0
◼
F
i
l
tr
at
i
o
n a
n
d wa
ter r
ed
uc
ti
on
of
me
t
hy
l
es
t
er for
i
ns
ul
ati
o
n p
urpos
e
(
A
. Ra
j
a
b
)
3189
the
bre
ak
do
w
n
i
n
oi
l
,
th
e
l
a
r
ge
r
nu
m
be
r
of
c
o
nta
mi
n
an
t
pa
r
ti
c
l
es
pres
en
t
,
the
hi
g
he
r
prob
ab
i
l
i
ty
of
the
oi
l
to
br
ea
k
do
w
n,
t
hu
s
,
the
l
ow
er
break
d
own
v
ol
tag
e
of
t
he
o
i
l
.
O
n
th
e
oth
er
s
i
de
,
the
ex
i
s
ten
c
e
of
wa
ter
to
s
om
e
ex
te
nt
r
e
du
c
es
th
e
break
do
w
n
v
ol
tag
es
of
o
i
l
by
en
h
an
c
i
ng
the
c
on
du
c
ti
v
i
ty
of
mi
c
r
os
c
op
i
c
pa
r
t
i
c
l
es
s
us
p
en
d
ed
i
n
t
he
o
i
l
.
T
hi
s
w
ate
r
e
ffe
c
t
i
s
m
ore
prono
un
c
ed
f
or
c
on
du
c
t
i
v
e
pa
r
ti
c
l
es
.
Co
-
ac
ti
on
of
i
mp
urit
i
es
an
d
w
ate
r
a
mp
l
i
fy
th
e
r
ed
uc
ti
on
of
the
bre
ak
do
wn
v
o
l
ta
ge
o
f
the
i
ns
ul
ati
ng
o
i
l
s
[2
4].
It
i
s
wel
l
r
ec
o
gn
i
z
e
d
th
at
th
e
wate
r
c
on
t
en
t
ex
c
ee
di
ng
30
%
an
d
10
%
of
the
i
r
s
at
urati
on
l
ev
e
l
s
of
c
l
ea
n
an
d
un
c
l
ea
n
i
ns
ul
at
i
n
g
o
i
l
s
,
r
es
pe
c
ti
v
el
y
,
de
c
r
e
as
e
t
he
break
do
w
n
v
o
l
ta
ge
of
th
e
o
i
l
s
s
i
gn
i
fi
c
a
ntl
y
[10
].
If
t
he
wate
r
s
o
l
u
bi
l
i
ty
of
m
on
o
es
ter
i
s
ab
ou
t
11
00
p
pm
[1
3],
t
he
n
th
e
r
e
l
ati
v
e
wate
r
c
on
t
en
ts
o
f
3
0%
a
nd
10
%
c
orr
es
po
nd
t
o
th
e
a
bs
ol
u
te
wate
r
c
o
nte
n
ts
of
30
0
pp
m
an
d
1
00
p
pm
,
r
es
pe
c
ti
v
el
y
.
T
he
wat
er
c
on
ten
t
of
a
l
l
tes
te
d
s
a
mp
l
es
i
s
i
n
the
r
an
ge
of
20
8
t
o
4
63
pp
m
as
s
ho
wn
i
n
F
i
gu
r
e
4.
T
he
s
e
ab
s
ol
ute
wate
r
c
on
te
nt
r
a
n
ge
s
c
orr
es
po
n
d
t
o
1
9%
t
o
37
%
of
t
he
i
r
s
atu
r
at
i
on
l
ev
el
s
.
M
i
n
i
m
i
z
i
n
g
the
pres
e
nc
e
of
i
m
pu
r
i
ti
es
by
ad
d
i
ti
on
al
f
i
l
tr
ati
on
a
n
d
furth
er
r
ed
uc
t
i
on
of
w
at
er
c
on
ten
t
are
be
l
i
ev
ed
wou
l
d
i
m
prov
e
t
he
break
do
w
n
v
o
l
tag
e
of
the
me
thy
l
es
ter
o
i
l
.
T
he
s
e
wi
l
l
be
th
e
tas
k
s
to
do
i
n t
h
e c
om
i
n
g i
nv
es
ti
g
ati
on
.
T
he
hi
gh
er
c
on
c
en
tr
ati
on
of
wate
r
was
al
s
o
f
ou
n
d
t
o
i
nte
ns
i
fy
pa
r
t
i
al
d
i
s
c
ha
r
g
e
(
P
D)
ac
ti
v
i
t
i
es
i
n
m
on
o
es
ter
ty
p
e
i
ns
u
l
at
i
ng
o
i
l
un
d
er
A
C
a
p
pl
i
ed
v
o
l
ta
ge
at
po
we
r
fr
eq
ue
nc
y
ut
i
l
i
z
i
n
g
a
ne
ed
l
e
-
pl
an
e
e
l
ec
tr
od
es
c
on
fi
g
urat
i
on
.
T
he
eff
ec
t
d
om
i
na
nt
l
y
tak
es
pl
ac
es
wh
en
th
e
n
ee
d
l
e
el
ec
tr
od
e
i
s
at
the
ne
ga
t
i
v
e
po
l
ar
i
ty
of
the
ap
pl
i
ed
v
ol
ta
ge
,
by
ac
c
el
erat
i
ng
el
e
c
tr
on
s
i
n
i
ti
ati
ng
P
D,
e
mi
t
ted
fr
o
m
th
e
ne
e
dl
e
el
ec
tr
o
de
s
i
de
i
nto
t
he
bu
l
k
o
i
l
,
du
e
to
th
e
s
up
erpos
i
t
i
on
of
two
forc
es
,
na
me
l
y
,
th
e
forc
e
r
e
s
ul
ted
fr
o
m
e
l
ec
tr
i
c
fi
el
d,
an
d
th
e
f
orc
e
r
es
u
l
te
d
fr
o
m
t
h
e
at
tr
ac
ti
o
n
of
wate
r
m
ol
ec
ul
es
du
e
to
t
he
el
ec
tr
on
eg
ati
v
i
ty
na
t
ure of
t
he
wa
ter m
ol
ec
u
l
es
[
25
].
T
he
ex
pe
r
i
me
n
tal
r
es
u
l
ts
a
l
s
o
s
h
ow
tha
t
o
the
r
prop
er
ti
es
l
i
k
e
ac
i
di
ty
,
r
e
l
at
i
v
e
de
ns
i
ty
,
an
d
v
i
s
c
os
i
ty
are
n
ot
aff
e
c
ted
by
bo
t
h
tr
ea
tm
en
ts
.
T
he
e
ffe
c
t
of
tr
ea
t
me
nts
o
n
th
e
ox
i
da
ti
o
n
s
tab
i
l
i
ty
of
t
he
o
i
l
c
a
nn
ot
be
c
on
c
l
u
de
d.
P
erox
i
d
e
n
um
be
r
o
f
s
am
p
l
es
S
2
to
S
4
s
ee
ms
to
i
nc
r
ea
s
e
af
ter
tr
ea
t
me
n
ts
i
nd
i
c
at
i
n
g
the
de
c
r
ea
s
e
i
n
o
x
i
da
t
i
on
s
ta
bi
l
i
ty
,
b
ut
th
at
o
f
S
1
s
ho
ws
a
n
op
po
s
i
te
r
es
ul
t.
B
y
c
o
mp
ari
ng
a
l
l
ex
p
erim
en
ta
l
da
t
a
of
al
l
m
eth
y
l
es
ter
s
a
mp
l
es
af
t
er
tr
ea
t
me
n
ts
,
i
t
i
s
c
on
c
l
ud
ed
th
at
th
e
b
e
s
t
c
ho
i
c
e
i
s
s
am
pl
e
S
5.
A
s
ex
pe
c
ted
,
s
a
mp
l
e
S
5
ha
s
the
hi
gh
es
t
ox
i
da
t
i
o
n
s
ta
bi
l
i
ty
i
n
di
c
at
e
d
by
i
ts
p
erox
i
d
e
nu
m
be
r
wh
i
c
h
i
s
th
e
l
owes
t
on
e.
How
ev
er,
i
ts
ox
i
da
t
i
o
n
s
tab
i
l
i
ty
i
s
s
ti
l
l
l
es
s
tha
n
tha
t
of
the
m
i
ne
r
a
l
o
i
l
.
T
ab
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1
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2
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2
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i
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New
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3
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Az
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Wa
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CEIDP.
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5
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Raj
a
b
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PD
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T
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NIKA
Te
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Com
p
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El
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Con
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.
2
0
1
8
;
1
6
(2
)
:
4
8
1
-
4
8
7
.
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