T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
, V
ol
.
17
,
No.
3,
J
un
e
20
19
,
pp
.1
13
6
~
11
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N: 1
69
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No: 2
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K
P
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18
DOI:
10.12928/TE
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IK
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All
rig
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s
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s
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d
.
1.
Int
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
T
he
de
v
el
o
pm
en
t
of
ne
t
wor
k
tec
hn
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y
t
ha
t
c
on
t
i
n
ue
s
to
gro
w
wi
th
the
i
nc
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ea
s
e
of
Int
erne
t
-
of
-
T
hi
ng
de
v
i
c
es
an
d
ap
p
l
i
c
a
ti
o
ns
.
In
tr
ad
i
t
i
o
n
al
ne
t
wor
k
s
tha
t
are
c
ap
ab
l
e
of
s
up
po
r
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v
en
do
r
-
s
pe
c
i
f
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c
po
l
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c
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es
a
nd
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o
no
t
of
f
er
f
l
ex
i
bi
l
i
t
y
f
or
d
y
na
m
i
c
ne
t
w
ork
en
v
i
r
o
nm
en
ts
[1]
.
W
i
th
the
l
ac
k
of
tr
ad
i
t
i
o
na
l
n
et
w
ork
s
,
thi
s
s
h
o
w
s
f
r
us
tr
ati
on
to
m
ee
t
the
d
em
an
ds
of
r
ap
i
d
de
v
el
op
m
en
t
be
c
au
s
e
al
l
c
o
m
po
ne
nts
i
n
th
e
c
ha
i
n
are
i
n
teg
r
at
ed
t
o
f
or
m
c
om
pl
ex
s
tr
uc
ture
s
tha
t
are
d
i
f
f
i
c
ul
t
to
m
an
ag
e
ea
s
i
l
y
.
S
of
t
w
are
Def
i
n
ed
N
et
w
ork
i
s
c
on
s
i
de
r
ed
as
a
t
ec
hn
o
l
og
y
t
ha
t
i
s
ab
l
e
t
o
ef
f
i
c
i
en
t
l
y
m
an
a
g
e
al
l
ne
t
wor
k
i
nf
r
as
tr
uc
ture
an
d
tr
an
s
f
orm
the
c
o
m
pl
e
x
i
nto
a
s
i
m
pl
e
an
d
m
an
ag
ea
b
l
e
ne
t
wor
k
arc
hi
tec
ture
.
In
da
ta
c
o
nv
e
nti
o
na
l
n
et
w
ork
pa
ths
(
f
orw
ardi
ng
f
i
e
l
ds
)
an
d
c
o
ntrol
s
(
c
on
tr
ol
f
i
e
l
ds
)
i
n
o
ne
-
on
-
on
e
de
v
i
c
es
i
n
c
ertai
n
ne
t
wor
k
s
of
tw
are
ne
t
w
ork
s
tha
t
s
ep
arate
pa
c
k
et
da
ta
l
i
ne
s
(
f
orw
ardi
ng
f
i
e
l
ds
)
an
d c
on
t
r
ol
s
(
c
on
tr
ol
f
i
el
ds
)
[2
].
A
r
gu
m
en
ts
r
el
a
ted
to
the
n
ee
ds
of
S
of
t
w
are
Def
i
ne
d
Net
w
ork
,
on
e
of
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
c
os
t
as
a
driv
i
n
g
f
ac
tor
f
or
s
w
i
tc
h
i
ng
f
r
o
m
tr
ad
i
ti
on
a
l
ne
t
wor
k
s
[3
-
5]
do
es
no
t
r
ul
e
ou
t
i
nt
ernet
o
f
t
hi
ng
de
v
i
c
es
c
an
r
ed
uc
e
c
os
ts
for
bu
i
l
d
i
ng
n
et
wor
k
S
DNs
an
d
n
et
w
ork
top
ol
og
y
c
on
tr
ol
s
s
o
c
om
pl
ex
an
d
c
an
r
e
du
c
e
th
e
c
os
ts
ne
ed
e
d
to
b
ui
l
d
a
ne
t
wor
k
,
R
as
pb
err
y
P
i
i
s
i
nc
l
ud
e
d
i
n
t
he
c
ate
g
or
y
of
s
i
ng
l
e
b
oa
r
d
c
om
pu
ters
wi
t
h
the
ab
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
r
un
de
s
k
top
ap
p
l
i
c
a
ti
o
ns
th
at
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av
e
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
ati
on
s
t
ha
t
are
ab
l
e
t
o
i
m
pl
em
en
t
the
Net
w
ork
Des
i
gn
S
of
t
w
are
A
r
c
hi
tec
t
ure
th
at
i
s
m
od
el
e
d,
w
h
i
c
h
l
a
ter
f
un
c
ti
on
s
as
a
c
on
tr
o
l
l
er
i
s
a
s
erv
er
c
ap
a
bl
e
of
m
an
ag
i
n
g
ne
t
w
ork
top
o
l
og
y
.
T
hi
s
c
on
tr
ol
l
er
i
s
the
n
c
o
nn
ec
te
d
to
t
he
s
w
i
t
c
h
an
d
h
as
an
i
nt
ern
et
ne
twork
orig
i
na
t
i
n
g
f
r
o
m
the
r
ou
ter.
In
t
hi
s
s
tud
y
,
a
ne
t
wor
k
w
as
bu
i
l
t
t
o
he
l
p
ad
m
i
ni
s
tr
at
ors
to
ea
s
i
l
y
m
an
a
ge
t
he
ne
t
wor
k
f
o
r
a
c
en
tr
a
l
i
z
ed
c
on
tr
ol
u
ni
t
on
th
e
c
on
tr
o
l
l
er
us
i
ng
a
r
as
p
be
r
r
y
p
i
.
In
ad
di
ti
o
n,
th
e
r
es
ul
ts
of
i
ts
ap
pl
i
c
at
i
on
t
o
r
es
ou
r
c
e
us
e a
nd
q
ua
l
i
t
y
of
s
erv
i
c
e (Q
o
S
)
w
ere
al
s
o
m
ea
s
ured.
2.
G
ene
r
al
A
r
chit
e
ctu
r
e
S
of
tware
-
de
f
i
n
ed
n
et
wor
k
i
ng
(
S
DN)
i
s
an
em
ergi
ng
ne
t
w
ork
i
ng
pa
r
ad
i
gm
tha
t
gi
v
es
ho
pe
t
o
c
ha
ng
e
the
l
i
m
i
tat
i
on
s
of
c
urr
en
t
ne
twork
i
nf
r
as
tr
uc
tures
[6
]
.
S
of
t
w
are
D
ef
i
ne
d
Net
wor
k
(
S
DN)
i
s
a
ne
t
w
ork
arc
hi
tec
ture
tha
t
ap
pe
ars
where
the
c
on
tr
ol
f
i
el
d
i
s
s
ep
ar
ate
d
f
r
o
m
the
f
orw
ardi
ng
f
i
el
d
an
d
c
an
b
e
progr
am
m
ed
di
r
ec
tl
y
.
T
r
an
s
f
er
c
on
tr
ol
l
ers
,
w
hi
c
h
wer
e
prev
i
ou
s
l
y
ti
ed
t
o
ea
c
h
n
et
w
ork
de
v
i
c
e,
be
c
om
e
ac
c
es
s
i
bl
e
t
o
the
ne
t
w
ork
i
nf
r
as
tr
uc
ture
tha
t
a
l
l
o
w
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
IS
S
N: 1
69
3
-
6
93
0
Imp
l
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en
ta
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o
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od
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l
arc
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i
tec
ture s
o
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de
f
i
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ed
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etwo
r
k
us
i
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r
as
pb
err
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P
i
.
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(
O
k
i
Ma
r
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1137
c
o
m
pu
ti
n
g
de
v
i
c
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m
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ariz
ed
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t
wor
k
ap
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c
ati
on
s
a
nd
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er
v
i
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es
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7
,
8
],
w
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arator
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s
Dat
a
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th
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Co
ntrol
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f
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t
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r
[9]
.
T
hi
s
i
s
i
l
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tr
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i
n
F
i
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r
e
1
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s
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r
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s
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ar
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tec
ture
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ha
t
i
s
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e,
l
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pe
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v
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a
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f
l
e
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bl
e
[10
].
A
t
pres
e
nt,
t
he
r
e
are
s
e
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era
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protoc
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s
be
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O
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s
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ta
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Uni
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ec
tl
y
b
y
t
he
O
pe
n
Net
w
ork
F
ou
nd
ati
on
(
O
NF
)
.
O
NF
i
s
a
no
n
prof
i
t
c
on
s
orti
um
de
di
c
at
ed
t
o
de
v
e
l
op
m
en
t,
s
tan
d
ar
di
z
at
i
on
,
an
d
c
o
m
m
erc
i
al
i
z
ati
on
of
S
DN [
11
-
12
]
.
In
F
i
g
ure
2
s
ho
w
s
arc
hi
tec
t
ure
of
S
of
tware
Def
i
n
ed
N
e
twork
(
S
DN)
,
an
y
l
a
y
er
c
an
wor
k
i
nd
ep
e
nd
e
ntl
y
a
nd
c
om
m
u
ni
c
ate
throu
gh
t
he
n
et
w
ork
i
nte
r
f
ac
e
to
prov
i
d
e
th
e
f
un
c
ti
on
of
l
a
y
er
ed
di
f
f
erent
ph
y
s
i
c
a
l
de
v
i
c
es
.
A
s
pe
c
ts
of
thi
s
arc
hi
tec
ture
al
l
o
w
a
n
et
w
ork
ad
m
i
ni
s
tr
ato
r
to
ad
dres
s
s
o
m
e
of
the
c
ha
l
l
en
g
es
i
n
the
wor
l
d
of
c
o
m
p
ute
r
ne
t
wor
k
s
[13
-
14
]
.
I
n
F
i
gu
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
the
r
e
are
3
l
a
y
ers
on
s
of
t
w
are
arc
hi
t
ec
ture de
f
i
n
ed
ne
t
wor
k
(
S
DN)
[1
5].
-
I
nf
r
as
tr
uc
ture
La
y
er
c
on
s
i
s
t
i
ng
of
the
e
l
em
en
ts
of
the
ne
t
w
ork
an
d
t
he
ha
r
d
war
e
tha
t
r
u
ns
the
f
un
c
ti
on
s
s
w
i
tc
h
i
ng
an
d p
ac
k
et
f
orw
ard
i
ng
.
-
Cont
r
o
l
La
y
er
pr
ov
i
de
s
f
u
nc
ti
on
al
i
t
y
c
on
tr
o
l
s
tha
t
m
on
i
t
orin
g
th
e
be
ha
v
i
or
of
the
n
et
w
or
k
f
orw
ardi
ng
v
i
a o
pe
n
i
n
terf
ac
es
.
-
A
pp
l
i
c
at
i
o
n
La
y
er
s
erv
e
to
prov
i
de
a
n
i
nt
erf
ac
e
i
n
the
c
r
ea
ti
on
of
ap
p
l
i
c
a
ti
o
n
prog
r
am
s
w
hi
c
h
wi
l
l
th
en
m
an
ag
e
an
d o
p
ti
m
i
z
e n
e
t
w
ork
ar
e g
oo
d a
nd
f
l
ex
i
bl
e
F
i
g
ure
1
.
D
i
f
f
erenc
e S
DN
wi
th
tr
a
di
t
i
o
na
l
ne
t
w
ork
[12]
F
i
g
ure
2.
L
a
y
e
r
on
S
DN
[14
]
2
.1
.
S
ing
le
Bo
ar
d
Co
mp
u
t
er
S
i
n
gl
e
bo
ard
c
om
pu
ter
(
S
B
C)
i
s
a
c
om
pl
ete
c
om
pu
ter
de
s
i
g
ne
d
at
m
i
c
r
op
r
oc
es
s
or
wi
th
c
i
r
c
ui
t
b
oa
r
ds
,
m
e
m
or
y
,
i
n
pu
t/o
utp
ut
(
I/O
)
a
nd
o
the
r
f
ea
tures
w
h
i
c
h
are
c
om
m
on
l
y
us
ed
on
c
o
m
pu
ters
wi
th
ap
pr
op
r
i
a
t
e
i
n
du
s
tr
y
s
ta
nd
ar
ds
an
d
i
nte
r
f
ac
es
to
s
up
po
r
t
the
d
ev
e
l
o
pm
en
t
o
f
tec
hn
o
l
og
y
.
S
B
C
w
as
us
e
d
f
or
the
de
v
e
l
o
pm
en
t
of
a
s
y
s
tem
or
f
or
the
pu
r
po
s
e
of
l
ea
r
n
i
ng
.
T
hi
s
c
o
m
pu
t
er
i
s
v
er
y
w
i
d
e
us
ag
e
[
16
]
.
R
as
pb
err
y
P
i
pro
v
i
de
s
f
ul
l
o
nl
i
n
e
s
up
po
r
t
an
d
v
er
y
r
ou
ti
n
e
r
e
pa
i
r
bu
gs
th
at
ex
i
s
t
on
th
e
d
ev
i
c
e.
wi
t
h
the
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
at
i
on
an
d
s
u
pp
ort
f
or
th
e
de
v
el
op
m
en
t
of
the
I
nte
r
n
e
t
o
f
T
hi
ng
S
B
C
of
ten
us
e
d
f
or
r
es
ea
r
c
h
an
d
de
v
el
op
m
en
t
of
l
ea
r
n
i
ng
[1
6
]
wi
th
af
f
ordabi
l
i
t
y
a
nd
pr
ett
y
he
f
t
y
s
p
ec
s
to
r
un
de
s
k
top
a
pp
l
i
c
at
i
on
s
.
2
.2
.
O
p
enF
low
O
pe
nFl
o
w
i
s
a
c
o
ntro
l
i
n
terf
ac
e
tha
t
al
l
o
w
s
pr
og
r
am
m
i
ng
the
s
wi
tc
h
o
n
the
da
t
a
p
l
a
n
[8]
.
O
pe
nFl
o
w
i
s
th
e
prim
ar
y
protoc
ol
i
n
a
ne
t
wor
k
S
DN
be
c
au
s
e
ad
m
i
ni
s
tr
at
or
s
c
an
di
r
ec
tl
y
c
on
tr
o
l
the
tr
af
f
i
c
pa
c
k
ets
on
a
f
orw
ard
p
l
an
or
da
ta
p
l
a
n
v
i
a
i
nte
r
f
ac
e
O
pe
nF
l
o
w
.
O
pe
nF
l
o
w
de
f
i
ne
s
t
he
i
nf
r
as
tr
uc
ture
of
f
l
ow
-
b
as
e
d
f
orw
ard
i
n
g
an
d
A
pp
l
i
c
at
i
on
P
r
og
r
am
m
ati
c
i
nte
r
f
ac
e
(
A
P
I)
s
ta
nd
ard
tha
t
a
l
l
o
w
s
th
e
c
on
tr
o
l
l
er
to
di
r
ec
t
the
f
u
nc
t
i
on
of
the
s
w
i
tc
h
es
throu
gh
a
s
e
c
ure
c
ha
nn
el
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N: 16
93
-
6
93
0
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
V
ol
.
17
,
No
.
3,
J
un
e 2
01
9
:
11
36
-
1
14
1
1138
(
the
s
ec
ure
c
ha
nn
e
l
)
[17
].
A
l
t
ho
u
gh
S
D
N
an
d
O
pe
nFl
o
w
s
tarted
as
ac
ad
em
i
c
ex
pe
r
i
m
en
ts
[18
],
the
y
g
ai
n
ed
s
i
gn
i
f
i
c
an
t
tr
ac
ti
on
i
n
th
e
i
nd
us
tr
y
ov
er
th
e
pa
s
t
f
ew
y
e
ars
.
I
n
F
i
gu
r
e
3
s
ho
w
s
th
at
O
pe
nFl
o
w
s
w
i
tc
h c
an
be
d
i
v
i
de
d
i
nt
o t
hr
ee
p
arts
[
13
]:
-
F
l
o
w
tab
l
e
i
n
F
i
gu
r
e
3
th
at
i
nd
i
c
ate
s
tha
t
t
he
s
wi
tc
h
s
h
ou
l
d
proc
es
s
the
f
l
ow
i
n
i
t.
Li
s
t
of
f
l
ow
was
m
ad
e b
as
ed
on
ac
t
i
on
s
w
h
i
c
h
i
nte
r
s
ec
t
di
r
ec
tl
y
wi
th
ea
c
h
f
l
o
w
[1
9]
.
-
T
he
S
ec
ure
c
ha
nn
e
l
i
s
r
eq
ui
r
ed
to
c
on
ne
c
t
a
s
w
i
tc
h
w
i
th
the
c
on
tr
ol
l
er.
T
hrough
thi
s
c
ha
nn
e
l
,
O
pe
nFl
o
w
pro
v
i
de
s
c
om
mu
ni
c
at
i
o
n
be
t
wee
n
the
s
w
i
tc
h
an
d
c
on
tr
o
l
l
er
throu
gh
a
protoc
ol
c
al
l
e
d p
r
o
toc
ol
O
pe
nF
l
o
w.
-
O
pe
nFl
o
w
P
r
ot
oc
ol
.
T
hi
s
P
r
oto
c
ol
pro
v
i
de
s
a
s
tan
d
ard
an
d
op
en
c
om
m
un
i
c
ati
on
b
et
w
ee
n
the
c
on
tr
ol
l
ers
an
d
s
wi
tc
he
s
.
O
pe
nFl
o
w
prot
oc
ol
de
ter
m
i
ne
s
to
i
nte
r
f
ac
e
w
he
r
e
f
l
ow
wi
l
l
b
e
ap
p
l
i
e
d f
r
om
th
e f
l
ow
t
ab
l
e
of
O
pe
nFl
o
w S
wi
tc
h
.
F
i
gu
r
e
3
.
O
p
en
F
l
o
w
s
w
i
tc
h
c
o
m
po
ne
nts
[
19
]
O
pe
nFl
o
w
s
wi
tc
h
on
th
ere
i
s
a
tab
l
e
tha
t
c
on
ta
i
ns
three
pa
r
ts
:
the
r
ul
e,
ac
ti
o
n,
an
d
s
tat
i
s
ti
c
s
[
13
].
T
he
r
ul
e
r
e
ad
s
th
e
h
ea
de
r
-
the
he
ad
e
r
of
ea
c
h
l
a
y
er
s
uc
h
as
m
a
c
ad
dres
s
,
IP
ad
dres
s
,
po
r
t
nu
m
be
r
,
protoc
ol
a
nd
the
o
the
r
to
de
term
i
ne
the
pa
c
k
ag
e
tha
t
w
i
l
l
g
o
to
the
s
w
i
tc
h.
T
he
ac
ti
o
n
i
s
th
e
a
c
ti
on
t
ha
t
wi
l
l
be
pe
r
f
orm
e
d
i
f
the
r
e
i
s
a
pa
c
k
ag
e
tha
t
go
es
i
nto
t
he
s
w
i
tc
h
an
d
ac
c
ordi
ng
to
t
he
r
ul
e,
i
n
the
f
orm
of
the
c
o
m
m
an
d
to
f
orw
ard
th
e
pa
c
k
et
to
the
de
s
ti
n
ati
on
or
dr
op
p
ac
k
et
s
an
d
m
ore.
In
F
i
gu
r
e
4
s
ho
w
s
the
f
l
o
w
tab
l
e
i
n
O
p
en
F
l
o
w
S
wi
tc
h
c
on
tai
ns
s
tat
i
s
ti
c
s
f
r
o
m
ea
c
h
of
the
f
l
ow
i
n
th
e
f
or
m
o
f
the
nu
m
be
r
of
pa
c
k
ag
es
an
d
the
nu
m
be
r
of
b
y
tes
[
20
].
F
i
g
ure
4
.
O
p
en
F
l
o
w
t
ab
l
e
[
18
,
2
1]
2
.
3
.
O
p
en
S
h
o
r
t
e
st Pa
t
h
F
ir
st (
O
S
P
F
)
O
pe
n
S
ho
r
tes
t
P
at
h
F
i
r
s
t
(
O
S
P
F
)
i
s
a
r
ou
t
i
n
g
proto
c
ol
tha
t
i
s
ab
l
e
t
o
au
t
om
a
ti
c
al
l
y
m
an
ag
e
an
d
di
s
tr
i
b
ute
th
e
Inf
orm
ati
on
r
ou
t
i
n
g
be
t
we
en
ne
t
wor
k
s
f
ol
l
o
wi
ng
a
n
y
c
ha
ng
e
to
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
IS
S
N: 1
69
3
-
6
93
0
Imp
l
em
en
ta
ti
o
n m
od
e
l
arc
h
i
tec
ture s
o
ftware
de
f
i
n
ed
n
etwo
r
k
us
i
ng
r
as
pb
err
y
P
i
.
..
(
O
k
i
Ma
r
z
uq
i
)
1139
ne
t
w
ork
d
y
n
am
i
c
al
l
y
.
O
S
P
F
i
s
a
f
as
t
c
on
v
erg
i
n
g
r
ou
t
i
ng
prot
oc
ol
[
22
]
.
T
o
r
ou
t
e
p
ac
k
ag
es
,
O
S
P
F
c
al
c
ul
a
tes
th
e
s
ho
r
t
es
t
p
ath
tr
e
e
f
or
ea
c
h
r
ou
t
e
us
i
n
g
a
m
eth
od
b
as
ed
on
Di
j
k
s
tr
a'
s
A
l
g
orit
hm
[2
3
].
T
o
de
term
i
ne
the
s
ho
r
tes
t
pa
t
h,
O
S
P
F
r
eq
ui
r
es
grant
i
n
g
w
e
i
g
ht
e
ac
h
l
i
nk
i
n
t
he
ne
t
w
ork
.
W
ei
gh
ted
di
s
tr
i
bu
ted
l
i
nk
as
l
i
nk
s
tat
e
[
24
].
T
he
do
m
ai
n
f
or
the
O
S
P
F
au
to
no
m
ou
s
s
y
s
t
em
l
oc
ate
d i
n o
ne
(
us
)
[
25
].
3.
Imp
lem
ent
atio
n
T
he
r
es
ul
ti
ng
d
ev
i
c
es
c
an
f
un
c
ti
on
an
d
ge
n
erate
th
e
r
es
ul
ti
ng
ex
od
us
as
ex
pe
c
ted
.
In
F
i
gu
r
e
5
s
ho
w
s
t
he
de
s
i
g
n
of
s
y
s
t
em
i
m
pl
em
en
tat
i
on
d
i
ag
r
am
bl
oc
k
.
A
t
thi
s
s
tag
e,
wi
l
l
be
c
on
du
c
te
d
a
s
erie
s
of
tr
i
a
l
s
to
tes
t
the
r
es
u
l
ts
of
the
ap
p
l
i
c
at
i
on
on
t
he
d
ev
i
c
e.
T
hrough
pu
t:
i
n
thi
s
te
s
t
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N: 16
93
-
6
93
0
T
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17
,
No
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3,
J
un
e 2
01
9
:
11
36
-
1
14
1
1140
T
ab
l
e
1.
T
h
e Obj
ec
ti
v
e
of
S
DN Res
ea
r
c
h
P
a
pe
r
No
L
it
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t
u
r
e
R
e
v
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Tit
le
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P
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Ob
jec
t
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e
1
A
n
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lgo
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D
N
[
7]
A
b
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a
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L
ink
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mple
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o
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mbe
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2
On
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R
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w
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E
m
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r
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jou
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m
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s
p
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loo
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p
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ms
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o
f
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mor
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s
o
u
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.
Th
i
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t
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f
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d
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f
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r
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in
Op
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li
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w
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a
in
lat
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c
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p
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c
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n
t
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g
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p
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w
it
c
h
.
4
Qo
S
-
b
a
s
e
d
R
o
u
t
ing
o
v
e
r
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
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D
e
f
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d
N
e
t
w
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r
k
s
A
n
d
r
e
w
K
u
c
mi
n
s
k
i
,
e
t
a
l.
The
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
mad
e
a
t
r
ial
u
s
in
g
a
R
a
s
p
b
e
r
r
y
P
i
c
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m
p
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t
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o
n
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igin
a
l
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t
w
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k
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s
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u
a
l
S
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w
it
c
h
man
a
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d
b
y
a
c
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n
t
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a
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d
c
o
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r
.
The
r
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s
u
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b
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a
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d
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a
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it
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s
.
5
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
D
e
f
ine
d
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
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A
r
c
h
i
t
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t
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S
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c
u
r
it
y
a
n
d
E
n
e
r
g
y
E
f
f
ic
ien
c
y
:
A
S
u
r
v
e
y
[
1
]
R
a
w
a
t
D
a
n
d
a
B,
e
t
a
l
.
This
s
u
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v
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is
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ic
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ic
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a
p
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.
6
A
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a
li
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P
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a
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d
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P
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k
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R
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P
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[
8
]
K
h
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l
A
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a
m,
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l.
D
is
c
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Fei
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2
3
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R
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K
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t
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Co
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In
t
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s
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c
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v
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of
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DN.
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