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IS
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he
re
s
e
a
r
c
h
a
i
m
s
t
o
de
v
e
l
o
p
a
t
e
c
hn
ol
og
y
t
h
a
t
e
n
a
bl
e
s
t
he
t
ra
ns
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
a
nd
re
c
e
p
t
i
o
n
of
a
ny
i
n
form
a
t
i
on
,
s
uc
h
a
s
i
m
a
ge
s
,
i
m
a
g
e
ry
,
t
opog
ra
phy
,
c
l
i
m
a
t
e
,
e
t
c
.
by
us
i
ng
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
c
a
rr
i
e
r
m
e
di
a
,
i
.
e
.
,
unm
a
nn
e
d
a
e
r
i
a
l
ve
hi
c
l
e
(
U
A
V
).
T
he
r
e
a
re
m
a
ny
t
ype
s
o
f
U
A
V
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
he
w
e
i
ght
,
s
i
z
e
,
a
nd
us
a
g
e
c
ha
r
a
c
t
e
ri
s
t
i
c
s
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
h
e
a
vy
U
A
V
,
l
i
ght
U
A
V
,
m
e
di
um
U
A
V
,
s
m
a
l
l
U
A
V
,
dron
e
,
m
i
c
ros
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
,
e
t
c
.
U
A
V
i
s
c
on
t
rol
l
e
d
d
i
re
c
t
l
y
by
a
de
v
i
c
e
t
h
a
t
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
prog
ra
m
m
e
d.
It
c
a
n
t
ra
ns
port
S
A
R
pa
yl
o
a
ds
s
u
c
h
a
s
f
l
i
g
ht
c
on
t
rol
s
ys
t
e
m
,
on
boa
r
d
c
om
put
e
r
,
t
e
l
e
m
e
t
ry
a
nd
c
o
m
m
a
nd
da
t
a
ha
ndl
i
ng,
a
t
t
i
t
ud
e
c
ont
r
ol
l
e
r
,
a
nd
s
e
ns
or
(i
n
c
l
ud
i
ng
a
n
t
e
nna
bo
t
h
T
r
a
ns
m
i
t
t
e
r
,
Tx
a
nd
Re
c
e
i
ve
r
,
Rx
)
[5]
.
T
h
e
re
f
ore
,
t
he
p
l
a
t
for
m
of
U
A
V
i
s
v
e
ry
p
e
rs
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
be
c
a
us
e
i
t
c
a
n
be
f
l
ow
n
un
de
r
t
h
e
c
l
oudy
w
e
a
t
he
r
,
unm
a
nn
e
d
,
l
ow
c
os
t
,
fa
s
t
,
a
n
d
re
l
a
t
i
ve
l
y
l
ow
r
i
s
k.
T
hus
,
U
A
V
t
e
c
h
nol
o
gy
i
s
a
g
ood
a
l
t
e
r
na
t
i
ve
b
e
c
a
us
e
t
he
d
a
t
a
ob
t
a
i
ne
d
w
o
ul
d
b
e
ve
r
y
de
t
a
i
l
a
nd
r
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
,
a
s
w
e
l
l
a
s
c
oul
d
b
e
a
c
qu
i
re
d
qui
c
kl
y
w
i
t
h
a
l
ow
e
r
pri
c
e
[6]
.
T
h
e
S
A
R
s
e
ns
or
e
m
p
l
oys
t
he
e
l
l
i
pt
i
c
a
l
w
a
ve
pro
pa
g
a
t
i
on
a
nd
s
c
a
t
t
e
rs
t
h
e
phe
n
om
e
non
by
ra
d
i
a
t
i
ng
a
nd
r
e
c
e
i
v
i
ng
t
h
e
e
l
l
i
pt
i
c
a
l
l
y
pol
a
r
i
z
e
d
w
a
v
e
,
i
n
c
l
udi
n
g
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
nt
po
l
a
r
i
z
a
t
i
on
a
s
c
i
rc
u
l
a
r
a
nd
l
i
ne
a
r
pol
a
r
i
z
a
t
i
on.
M
ore
ov
e
r
,
t
he
c
i
rc
ul
a
rl
y
pol
a
ri
z
e
d
-
s
ynt
h
e
t
i
c
a
p
e
rt
u
re
ra
d
a
r
(CP
-
S
A
R)
i
s
a
s
a
n
a
c
t
i
v
e
s
e
ns
or
t
ha
t
c
a
n
t
r
a
ns
m
i
t
a
nd
r
e
c
e
i
ve
t
he
C
,
S
,
a
n
d
L
-
ba
nd
c
hi
rp
pu
l
s
e
s
for
re
m
o
t
e
s
e
ns
i
ng
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n.
T
he
s
e
ns
or
i
s
de
s
i
gn
e
d
a
s
a
l
ow
c
os
t
,
l
i
gh
t
,
l
ow
pow
e
r
,
l
ow
pro
fi
l
e
c
o
nfi
gur
a
t
i
on
t
o
t
r
a
ns
m
i
t
a
nd
re
c
e
i
ve
l
e
ft
-
ha
nd
e
d
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
pol
a
ri
z
a
t
i
o
n
(L
H
CP
)
a
nd
ri
gh
t
-
h
a
nde
d
c
i
r
c
u
l
a
r
p
o
l
a
ri
z
a
t
i
on
(RH
CP
),
w
he
re
t
h
e
t
r
a
ns
m
i
s
s
i
on
a
nd
re
c
e
pt
i
on
bot
h
w
or
k
i
n
L
H
CP
a
nd
RH
CP
[4]
.
T
he
s
e
c
i
r
c
ul
a
rl
y
po
l
a
r
i
z
e
d
w
a
v
e
s
a
re
e
m
pl
oye
d
t
o
g
e
n
e
ra
t
e
t
he
a
x
i
a
l
ra
t
i
o
i
m
a
g
e
(A
RI)
,
e
l
l
i
p
t
i
c
i
t
y
a
nd
t
i
l
t
e
d
a
ngl
e
i
m
a
g
e
s
,
e
t
c
.
H
e
nc
e
,
a
ny
i
nf
orm
a
t
i
on
c
a
n
be
ob
t
a
i
ne
d
from
t
he
e
a
rt
h
a
nd
b
e
a
bl
e
t
o
ove
r
c
o
m
e
s
o
m
e
l
i
m
i
t
a
t
i
ons
of
t
he
S
A
R
s
e
ns
or
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
hi
gh
po
w
e
r
,
s
e
ns
i
t
i
v
e
t
o
F
a
ra
d
a
y
ro
t
a
t
i
o
n
e
f
f
e
c
t
,
t
h
e
u
nw
a
n
t
e
d
ba
c
ks
c
a
t
t
e
r
m
o
du
l
a
t
i
on
s
i
gn
a
l
a
nd
re
d
i
s
t
ri
but
i
on
r
a
ndo
m
ba
c
k
s
i
gna
l
-
e
n
e
r
gy
,
b
l
urr
i
ng
a
n
d
de
fo
c
us
i
n
g
s
p
a
t
i
a
l
va
r
i
a
n
t
s
,
a
m
b
i
guous
i
d
e
nt
i
fi
c
a
t
i
o
n,
a
nd
l
ow
d
i
f
fe
r
e
nt
f
e
a
t
ure
s
of
b
a
c
ks
c
a
t
t
e
r
[7
].
T
hi
s
p
a
p
e
r
pr
e
s
e
n
t
s
t
h
e
l
ow
pow
e
r
of
t
ri
a
ngu
l
a
r
m
i
c
ros
t
ri
p
a
nt
e
nn
a
fo
r
CP
-
S
A
R
s
e
ns
or
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on.
T
hi
s
s
t
ud
y
i
nv
ol
v
e
s
de
v
e
l
o
pi
ng
a
rr
a
y
e
i
ght
pa
t
c
h
e
s
a
n
t
e
n
na
s
t
h
a
t
fun
da
m
e
n
t
a
l
l
y
c
ons
t
r
uc
t
t
h
e
m
o
l
d
of
s
ubs
t
a
nt
i
a
l
p
l
a
n
a
r
a
rra
y
us
i
ng
proxi
m
i
t
y
c
oup
l
e
d
fe
e
d
t
o
yi
e
l
d
t
h
e
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
po
l
a
r
i
z
a
t
i
on
(CP
)
ra
t
he
r
t
h
a
n
t
he
o
t
he
r
a
n
t
e
n
na
s
op
e
ra
t
e
d
i
n
L
P
[8
-
10]
.
It
i
s
be
c
a
us
e
t
h
e
ri
gh
t
p
a
t
t
e
rn
o
f
ba
s
i
c
c
ons
t
ru
c
t
i
on
d
e
t
e
rm
i
n
e
s
t
he
s
u
pe
r
i
ori
t
y
of
t
h
e
d
e
s
i
gn
e
d
a
rr
a
y
a
nt
e
nna
us
i
ng
c
o
rpor
a
t
e
fe
e
di
ng
-
l
i
ne
[1
1
-
14]
.
A
l
t
h
ough
t
he
c
o
rpor
a
t
e
fe
e
d
i
ng
-
l
i
n
e
de
s
i
g
n
h
a
s
a
l
re
a
dy
be
e
n
de
v
e
l
ope
d
[1
5
,
16]
,
i
t
s
de
s
i
gn
w
a
s
for
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
na
vi
e
w
i
n
t
h
e
s
i
de
of
0
°
a
ngl
e
a
nd
on
l
y
p
rodu
c
e
d
on
e
of
L
H
CP
or
RH
CP
i
ns
t
e
a
d
of
b
ot
h.
H
e
r
e
,
t
he
d
e
s
i
gn
for
L
H
C
P
a
nd
RH
CP
e
i
gh
t
pa
t
c
he
s
a
rra
y
fe
d
by
c
orpo
ra
t
e
f
e
e
d
i
ng
-
lin
e
h
a
vi
n
g
l
ow
pow
e
r
a
n
d
t
h
e
a
nt
e
nna
vi
e
w
i
n
t
h
e
s
i
d
e
of
3
6°
a
ngl
e
for
CP
-
S
A
R
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
a
r
e
di
s
c
us
s
e
d.
A
l
s
o,
t
he
s
t
udy
e
xpr
e
s
s
e
s
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
l
os
s
l
e
s
s
T
-
j
u
nc
t
i
on
pow
e
r
di
vi
d
e
r
2
4
c
onfi
gura
t
i
o
ns
bot
h
for
L
H
C
P
a
n
d
RH
C
P
a
re
c
a
pa
bl
e
of
be
i
ng
r
e
c
i
pro
c
a
l
,
m
a
t
c
he
d,
a
nd
l
os
s
l
e
s
s
a
t
a
l
l
p
ort
s
t
h
a
t
be
c
om
e
one
of
nov
e
l
t
y
i
n
t
hi
s
pa
p
e
r
.
H
e
nc
e
,
t
h
e
c
ont
r
i
bu
t
i
on
of
t
h
i
s
p
a
pe
r
i
s
t
o
de
s
c
ri
b
e
t
w
o
m
ode
l
s
of
CP
i
.
e
.
L
H
C
P
a
nd
RH
CP
us
i
ng
c
or
pora
t
e
f
e
e
d
i
ng
-
l
i
n
e
w
i
t
h
s
i
d
e
a
n
t
e
nn
a
vi
e
w
of
36°
t
h
a
t
c
a
n
w
ork
s
i
m
ul
t
a
ne
ous
l
y
as
Tx
/
Rx
f
or
CP
-
S
A
R
s
e
ns
o
r
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
.
2.
R
ES
EA
R
C
H
M
ET
H
O
D
T
h
e
m
e
t
h
o
d
o
f
m
o
m
e
n
t
s
(
M
o
M
)
i
s
c
h
os
e
n
i
n
t
h
e
n
u
m
e
r
i
c
a
l
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
f
or
f
a
s
t
c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
.
T
h
i
s
m
e
t
h
o
d
d
i
s
c
r
e
t
i
z
e
s
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
l
i
n
t
o
a
m
a
t
r
i
x
e
q
u
a
t
i
o
n
.
T
h
i
s
d
i
s
c
r
e
t
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
e
d
a
s
d
i
v
i
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
s
u
r
f
a
c
e
i
n
t
o
a
s
m
a
l
l
m
e
s
h
[
1
7]
.
T
o
r
e
a
l
i
z
e
t
h
i
s
m
e
t
h
o
d
,
w
e
u
s
e
c
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
(
CS
T
)
v
e
rs
i
on
2
0
1
6
fr
o
m
c
o
r
p
or
a
t
e
c
o
m
p
a
n
y
CS
T
S
T
U
D
I
O
S
U
I
T
E
[
1
8
]
.
T
he
n
u
m
e
r
i
c
a
l
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
of
t
h
e
e
q
u
i
l
a
t
e
r
a
l
t
r
i
a
ng
u
l
a
r
a
r
r
a
y
e
i
g
h
t
p
a
t
c
h
e
s
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
s
w
i
t
h
t
r
u
n
c
a
t
e
d
-
t
i
p
a
r
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
3
,
e
s
p
e
c
i
a
l
l
y
a
t
t
h
e
r
e
s
on
a
n
t
f
r
e
qu
e
n
c
y
,
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25
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b
y
(2
).
∗
=
or
(
∗
)
=
(2)
W
e
d
e
fi
ne
t
ha
t
a
n
d
∗
a
r
e
a
t
r
a
ns
pos
e
a
nd
a
c
o
nj
ug
a
t
e
m
a
t
ri
x
of
S
,
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
ve
l
y
.
T
h
e
s
i
t
ua
t
i
on
for
a
r
e
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i
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c
a
l
n
e
t
w
or
k
i
s
d
e
s
c
r
i
be
d
i
n
(3
).
=
or
=
;
f
o
r
a
l
l
a
n
d
(3)
T
he
n
,
t
h
e
c
ond
i
t
i
on
for
c
o
e
ffi
c
i
e
nt
r
e
fl
e
c
t
i
on
l
oa
d
(Γ
L
)
i
s
=
1
−
|
|
2
=
;
0
≤
≤
1
;
,
=
1
,
2
,
.
.
,
9
(4)
If
Γ
L
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1
⌊
0°
,
t
h
e
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i
t
oc
c
urs
a
n
ope
n
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i
r
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ui
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t
i
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If
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1
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180°
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h
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s
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s
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h
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s
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t
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e
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l
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ond
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on.
S
i
nc
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a
l
l
t
h
e
ni
n
e
por
t
s
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t
hi
s
pow
e
r
di
v
i
d
e
r
a
r
e
m
a
t
c
h
e
d,
w
e
ha
v
e
=
0
for
m
a
t
c
h
e
d
l
o
a
d
c
ondi
t
i
o
n.
In
t
he
S
-
m
a
t
ri
x,
t
h
e
e
l
e
m
e
nt
s
23
a
nd
32
a
re
a
s
s
oc
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
i
s
ol
a
t
i
on
be
t
w
e
e
n
t
he
out
put
por
t
s
.
T
h
e
s
e
c
orr
e
s
pond
t
o
s
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g
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l
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t
e
ri
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por
t
2
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nd
e
xi
t
i
ng
port
3,
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e
ve
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a
.
W
he
n
t
he
m
a
gn
i
t
u
de
s
of
t
h
e
s
e
e
l
e
m
e
nt
s
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re
s
m
a
l
l
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hi
gh
i
s
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a
t
i
on
i
s
a
c
hi
e
ve
d
b
e
t
w
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e
n
t
he
por
t
s
.
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or
t
he
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os
s
l
e
s
s
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ond
i
t
i
on
t
o
be
t
r
ue
,
t
he
S
-
m
a
t
ri
x
m
us
t
be
un
i
t
a
ry
a
nd
s
a
t
i
s
fy
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
1693
-
6930
T
E
L
K
O
M
N
IK
A
T
e
l
e
c
om
m
un
Co
m
put
E
l
Con
t
rol
,
V
ol
.
18
,
N
o.
2
,
A
pri
l
2
020:
631
-
6
39
634
|
12
|
2
+
|
13
|
2
+
|
14
|
2
+
|
15
|
2
+
|
16
|
2
+
|
17
|
2
+
|
18
|
2
+
|
19
|
2
=
1
(5)
|
19
|
2
+
|
29
|
2
+
|
39
|
2
+
|
49
|
2
+
|
59
|
2
+
|
69
|
2
+
|
79
|
2
+
|
89
|
2
=
1
(6)
|
12
|
2
+
|
23
|
2
+
|
34
|
2
+
|
45
|
2
+
|
56
|
2
+
|
67
|
2
+
|
78
|
2
+
|
89
|
2
=
1
(7)
19
∗
29
39
49
59
69
79
89
=
0
(8)
89
∗
78
67
56
45
34
23
12
=
0
(9)
12
∗
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
=
0
(10)
s
u
b
s
t
r
a
t
e
E
l
x
O
h
1
g
r
o
u
n
d
h
2
g
2
z
(
s
i
d
e
v
i
e
w
)
P
A
T
C
H
C
o
r
p
o
r
a
t
e
f
e
e
d
i
n
g
-
l
i
n
e
(
t
o
p
v
i
e
w
)
g
1
y
x
O
w
1
l
f
a
p
α
r
1
Δ
w
1
t
1
.
8
w
2
1
.
8
w
1
0
.
7
w
1
t
h
q
b
s
c
e
f
1
w
2
w
1
w
1
u
1
u
2
1
.
8
w
2
w
2
l
e
l
s
l
s
t
v
P
A
T
C
H
2
P
A
T
C
H
1
P
A
T
C
H
3
P
A
T
C
H
4
P
A
T
C
H
5
P
A
T
C
H
6
P
A
T
C
H
7
P
A
T
C
H
8
d
1
d
s
u
b
s
t
r
a
t
e
f
2
A
z
P
O
R
T
2
P
O
R
T
3
P
O
R
T
4
P
O
R
T
6
P
O
R
T
5
P
O
R
T
7
P
O
R
T
8
P
O
R
T
9
P
O
R
T
1
F
i
gure
1
.
L
H
CP
t
ri
a
ngu
l
a
r
a
rra
y
a
nt
e
nna
2
4
s
u
b
s
t
r
a
t
e
E
l
x
O
h
1
g
r
o
u
n
d
h
2
g
2
z
(
s
i
d
e
v
i
e
w
)
P
A
T
C
H
C
o
r
p
o
r
a
t
e
f
e
e
d
i
n
g
-
l
i
n
e
y
x
O
w
1
l
f
a
p
α
r
1
Δ
w
1
t
1
.
8
w
2
1
.
8
w
1
0
.
7
w
1
t
h
q
b
s
c
e
f
1
w
2
w
1
w
1
u
1
u
2
1
.
8
w
2
w
2
l
e
l
s
l
s
t
v
P
A
T
C
H
5
P
A
T
C
H
6
P
A
T
C
H
8
P
A
T
C
H
7
P
A
T
C
H
2
P
A
T
C
H
1
P
A
T
C
H
4
P
A
T
C
H
3
(
t
o
p
v
i
e
w
)
g
1
d
1
d
s
u
b
s
t
r
a
t
e
f
2
P
O
R
T
3
P
O
R
T
2
P
O
R
T
4
P
O
R
T
5
P
O
R
T
6
P
O
R
T
7
P
O
R
T
8
P
O
R
T
9
A
z
P
O
R
T
1
F
i
gure
2
.
RH
CP
t
r
i
a
ngul
a
r
a
rr
a
y
a
n
t
e
n
na
2
4
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
K
O
M
N
IK
A
T
e
l
e
c
om
m
un
Co
m
put
E
l
Con
t
rol
D
e
v
e
l
opm
e
nt
of
t
r
i
angu
l
ar
ar
r
a
y
e
i
g
ht
pat
c
h
e
s
an
t
e
n
nas
f
or
…
(Muham
m
a
d
F
auz
an
E
dy
P
ur
nom
o)
635
T
hi
s
c
a
s
e
m
e
a
ns
t
h
a
t
t
w
e
nt
y
of
t
he
e
l
e
m
e
nt
s
12
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
16
,
17
,
18
,
19
,
23
,
29
,
34
,
39
,
45
,
49
,
56
,
59
,
67
,
69
,
78
,
79
,
a
nd
89
m
us
t
be
e
qu
a
l
t
o
z
e
r
o
i
n
ord
e
r
t
o
s
a
t
i
s
fy
(8
)
-
(1
0).
F
or
m
o
re
d
e
t
a
i
l
s
of
t
h
i
s
a
n
a
l
ys
i
s
,
12
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
16
,
17
,
18
,
a
n
d
19
s
e
t
e
qua
l
t
o
z
e
ro
.
H
ow
e
ve
r
,
i
t
i
s
c
l
e
a
r
t
ha
t
by
s
e
t
t
i
n
g
12
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
16
,
17
,
18
,
a
nd
19
,
e
qu
a
l
t
o
z
e
ro
,
(
6)
i
s
n
ot
s
a
t
i
s
fi
e
d.
Cons
e
q
ue
nt
l
y,
w
h
e
n
t
w
e
n
t
y
of
t
he
e
l
e
m
e
nt
s
12
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
16
,
17
,
18
,
19
,
23
,
29
,
34
,
39
,
45
,
49
,
56
,
59
,
67
,
69
,
78
,
79
,
a
nd
89
a
re
e
qu
a
l
t
o
z
e
ro
,
on
e
of
t
he
(
5)
-
(7)
w
i
l
l
not
be
s
a
t
i
s
f
i
e
d
.
T
hus
a
m
a
t
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h
e
d,
re
c
i
pro
c
a
l
,
l
os
s
l
e
s
s
of
ni
n
e
po
rt
s
ne
t
w
ork
b
e
c
o
m
e
s
i
m
pos
s
i
b
l
e
t
o
r
e
a
l
i
z
e
[22
-
25].
T
a
b
l
e
2
.
T
he
p
a
ra
m
e
t
e
rs
of
t
r
i
a
ng
ul
a
r
a
rr
a
y
a
nt
e
nn
a
2
4
N
o
.
P
a
ra
m
e
t
e
rs
V
a
l
u
e
s
N
o
.
P
a
ra
m
e
t
e
rs
V
a
l
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e
s
1
a
9
5
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2
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m
17
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1
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8
5
5
m
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2
p
1
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1
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3
8
m
m
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7
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m
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c
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2
m
m
4
t
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8
m
m
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d
9
0
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m
5
s
4
0
.
7
m
m
21
d1
1
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w1
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6
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m
m
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e
1
8
.
7
5
5
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w2
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5
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m
m
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f1
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8
△
w1
0
.
4
6
m
m
24
f2
5
.
5
4
5
m
m
9
30°
25
u1
1
5
0
.
5
m
m
10
le
2
1
m
m
26
u2
1
3
3
.
5
m
m
11
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2
1
m
m
27
v
4
0
.
3
m
m
12
r
1
0
.
4
m
m
28
g1
4
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m
m
13
l
s
t
2
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6
m
m
29
g2
7
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2
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.
1
7
m
m
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ε
r
2
.
1
7
15
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1
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6
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m
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δ
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0
0
0
5
16
h2
1
.
6
m
m
3.
R
ES
U
LTS
A
N
D
A
N
A
LY
S
I
S
3.
1
.
Th
e
r
e
s
u
l
ts
of
L
H
C
P
an
d
R
H
C
P
m
od
i
fi
e
d
l
os
s
l
e
s
s
T
-
ju
n
c
ti
on
p
ow
e
r
d
i
v
i
d
e
r
2
4
T
he
re
a
l
a
n
d
i
m
a
gi
n
a
ry
pa
rt
s
o
f
S
-
m
a
t
ri
x
b
a
s
e
d
on
(3)
a
nd
(4)
,
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
r
a
di
a
t
i
ng
pa
t
c
h
e
s
a
re
e
xc
l
ude
d
a
nd
o
nl
y
t
h
e
m
od
i
fi
e
d
l
os
s
l
e
s
s
T
-
j
unc
t
i
on
pow
e
r
d
i
vi
de
r
2
4
ne
t
w
orks
bot
h
of
L
H
CP
(F
i
gur
e
1)
a
nd
RH
CP
(F
i
gu
re
2)
a
r
e
o
pe
r
a
t
e
d
i
n
CS
T
s
oft
w
a
re
a
t
f
=
1.
25
G
H
z
,
a
r
e
s
how
n
i
n
(
11)
a
nd
(12
)
[2
6].
=
[
0
.
21
+
0
.
02
−
0
.
12
+
0
.
28
−
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.
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+
0
.
28
−
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.
12
+
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.
28
−
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3
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2
0
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65
+
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.
07
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0
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+
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+
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27
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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2
9
−
0
.
0
0
2
5
+
0
.
0
0
8
5
−
0
.
0
0
9
7
+
0
.
0
0
9
2
−
0
.
0
1
7
−
0
.
0
0
0
3
−
0
.
0
1
6
2
+
0
.
0
0
2
8
0
.
0
1
4
1
+
0
.
0
0
0
1
−
0
.
0
1
3
9
−
0
.
0
0
4
5
−
0
.
0
1
3
−
0
.
0
0
1
5
0
.
0
0
9
7
−
0
.
0
0
4
1
0
.
0055
+
0
.
0
0
3
4
−
0
.
0
1
0
8
+
0
.
0
2
6
9
−
0
.
0
0
4
1
+
0
.
0
0
8
6
0
.
0
1
7
1
+
0
.
0
0
3
0
.
015
+
0
.
01
0
.
0
2
1
2
+
0
.
0
0
0
6
0
.
0
1
3
2
−
0
.
0
0
1
0
.
0067
+
0
.
0
0
2
3
0
.
0
2
3
3
−
0
.
0
0
8
7
−
0
.
0
0
3
1
−
0
.
0
1
2
9
−
0
.
0
1
7
+
0
.
0
0
0
3
−
0
.
0
1
3
9
+
0
.
0
0
4
5
−
0
.
0
0
2
5
−
0
.
0
0
8
5
−
0
.
0
1
6
2
−
0
.
0
0
2
8
−
0
.
013
+
0
.
0
0
1
5
−
0
.
0
0
9
7
−
0
.
0
0
9
2
0
.
0
1
4
1
−
0
.
0
0
0
1
0
.
0097
+
0
.
0
0
4
1
0
.
928
−
0
.
0
1
1
7
−
0
.
0
0
2
5
0
.
0
0
9
1
+
0
.
0
0
6
3
−
0
.
0
1
1
7
+
0
.
0
0
2
5
0
.
9
2
4
7
0
.
0
1
1
4
+
0
.
0
0
8
6
0
.
0
0
9
1
−
0
.
0
0
6
3
0
.
0
1
1
4
−
0
.
0
0
8
6
0
.
9237
0
.
0
0
4
3
−
0
.
0
0
8
6
0
.
0045
+
0
.
0
0
2
9
0
.
0
2
6
2
−
0
.
0
0
0
7
0
.
0
0
6
6
−
0
.
0
0
6
5
0
.
0172
+
0
.
0
0
4
3
0
.
0
2
0
2
+
0
.
0
0
0
1
−
0
.
0
2
1
5
−
0
.
0
0
6
−
0
.
0
1
9
7
−
0
.
0
0
6
1
−
0
.
0
1
8
7
+
0
.
0
0
3
4
0
.
0
0
5
5
−
0
.
0
0
3
4
0
.
0
1
7
1
−
0
.
0
0
3
0
0
.
0132
+
0
.
001
−
0
.
0
1
0
8
−
0
.
0
2
6
9
0
.
015
−
0
.
01
0
.
0
0
6
7
−
0
.
0
0
2
3
−
0
.
0
0
4
1
−
0
.
0
0
8
6
0
.
0
2
1
2
−
0
.
0
0
0
6
0
.
0
2
3
3
+
0
.
0
0
8
7
0
.
0
0
4
3
+
0
.
0
0
8
6
0
.
0
0
6
6
+
0
.
0
0
6
5
−
0
.
0
2
1
5
+
0
.
0
0
6
0
.
0
0
4
5
−
0
.
0
0
2
9
0
.
0
1
7
2
−
0
.
0
0
4
3
−
0
.
0
1
9
7
+
0
.
0
0
6
1
0
.
0
2
6
2
+
0
.
0
0
0
7
0
.
0
2
0
2
−
0
.
0
0
0
1
−
0
.
0
1
8
7
−
0
.
0
0
3
4
0
.
9362
−
0
.
015
+
0
.
0
0
4
6
−
0
.
012
8
+
0
.
0
1
2
9
−
0
.
0
1
5
−
0
.
0
0
4
6
0
.
9
3
3
4
−
0
.
0
1
6
3
+
0
.
0
0
1
9
−
0
.
0
1
2
8
−
0
.
0
1
2
9
−
0
.
0
1
6
3
−
0
.
0
0
1
9
0
.
9
2
8
8
]
≈
[
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
]
(14)
3.
2
.
Th
e
r
e
s
u
l
ts
of
L
H
C
P
an
d
R
H
C
P
of
t
r
i
an
gu
l
ar
ar
r
ay
an
te
n
n
as
2
4
W
he
n
t
he
ra
d
i
a
t
i
n
g
p
a
t
c
he
s
a
n
d
t
he
m
o
di
f
i
e
d
l
os
s
l
e
s
s
T
-
j
un
c
t
i
on
p
ow
e
r
di
v
i
d
e
r
2
4
n
e
t
w
or
ks
a
re
run
i
n
t
he
CS
T
s
of
t
w
a
r
e
,
t
he
r
e
s
ul
t
s
s
how
i
n
F
i
gu
re
3
t
o
F
i
gu
re
9
for
s
i
m
ul
a
t
i
on
of
t
r
i
a
n
gul
a
r
a
rr
a
y
a
n
t
e
nn
a
2
4
,
i
n
t
h
e
c
a
s
e
of
S
-
p
a
ra
m
e
t
e
r
,
i
n
put
i
m
p
e
da
nc
e
,
fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
c
ha
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
,
r
a
di
a
t
i
on
p
a
t
t
e
rn
,
a
n
d
a
n
t
e
nn
a
e
ffi
c
i
e
nc
y
a
t
a
round
re
s
on
a
nt
fre
que
nc
y
[14
,
27]
.
F
i
gure
3
s
how
s
t
he
re
l
a
t
i
o
ns
hi
p
be
t
w
e
e
n
t
h
e
r
e
fl
e
c
t
i
o
n
c
oe
ff
i
c
i
e
n
t
(
S
11
of
t
he
c
orpo
ra
t
e
f
e
e
di
ng
-
l
i
n
e
o
f
a
rr
a
y
a
nt
e
nn
a
)
a
nd
t
h
e
fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
for
t
h
e
s
i
m
ul
a
t
i
on
of
L
H
CP
a
nd
RH
CP
Tx
/
Rx
t
r
i
a
ng
ul
a
r
a
rr
a
y
a
nt
e
nn
a
.
F
ro
m
t
hi
s
fi
g
ur
e
,
i
t
c
a
n
b
e
s
e
e
n
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
S
11
v
a
l
u
e
a
nd
t
he
S
11
ba
ndw
i
dt
h
a
t
t
h
e
r
e
s
ona
n
t
fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
,
f
=
1.
25
G
H
z
bot
h
L
H
CP
a
nd
RH
CP
a
r
e
a
bou
t
−
23
.
13
dB
a
nd
3
6
M
H
z
(2.
88
%),
re
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
l
y.
F
i
gure
4
de
p
i
c
t
s
t
he
i
n
put
i
m
pe
da
n
c
e
c
ha
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
of
Tx
/
Rx
.
T
hi
s
fi
g
ure
s
how
s
t
ha
t
t
he
r
e
a
l
p
a
rt
of
s
i
m
ul
a
t
i
on
a
t
t
he
re
s
on
a
nt
fre
q
ue
n
c
y
of
1.
2
5
G
H
z
bo
t
h
of
L
H
CP
a
nd
RH
CP
i
s
50
.
15
Ω
,
c
l
os
e
t
o
t
he
v
a
l
u
e
of
50
Ω
.
T
he
re
a
c
t
a
nc
e
p
a
rt
of
t
h
i
s
a
nt
e
nn
a
i
s
7
.
02
Ω
,
a
n
d
t
he
n
i
t
l
ooks
i
ndu
c
t
i
ve
.
If
w
e
s
e
e
t
h
e
f
e
e
d
n
e
t
w
or
k,
t
he
l
e
n
gt
h
fro
m
e
a
c
h
pa
t
c
h
t
o
i
n
put
port
s
houl
d
be
fi
xe
d
a
t
l
λ
/
4
(
l
=
1,
3,
5
,
e
t
c
.
)
t
o
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
t
he
opt
i
m
a
l
c
urre
nt
i
nt
e
ns
i
t
y
[15
].
In
t
hi
s
w
ork
,
w
e
us
e
l
=
21
.
F
i
g
ure
5
s
how
s
t
ha
t
t
h
e
v
a
l
u
e
s
of
ga
i
n
a
nd
a
xi
a
l
r
a
t
i
o
fo
r
s
i
m
ul
a
t
i
on
of
t
ri
a
ngu
l
a
r
a
rra
y
a
n
t
e
nn
a
a
t
t
h
e
di
r
e
c
t
i
on
of
θ
=
−
36°
(
L
H
CP
)
a
n
d
θ
=
36°
(RH
CP
)
a
n
d
t
he
re
s
on
a
nt
fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
,
f
=
1.
2
5
G
H
z
a
r
e
a
bo
ut
13.
46
d
Bi
c
a
nd
1
.
99
dB,
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
ve
l
y.
M
ore
ove
r
,
t
h
e
12
-
dBi
c
ga
i
n
-
ba
ndw
i
dt
h
a
nd
t
h
e
3
-
dB
Ar
-
b
a
ndw
i
d
t
h
a
r
e
c
ons
e
c
u
t
i
v
e
l
y
a
r
ound
38
M
H
z
(3.
04%)
a
n
d
6
M
H
z
(0
.
48%
).
F
i
gure
6
a
nd
F
i
gur
e
7
d
e
pi
c
t
t
he
re
l
a
t
i
ons
h
i
p
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
g
a
i
n
a
nd
e
l
e
va
t
i
on
o
r
θ
-
a
ngl
e
prod
uc
e
d
fro
m
t
he
t
ri
a
ngu
l
a
r
a
r
ra
y
a
n
t
e
nn
a
(
ne
g
a
t
i
ve
-
θ
for
Az
=
180
°
or
27
0°
a
n
d
pos
i
t
i
ve
-
θ
for
A
z
=
0°
or
90
°
)
a
s
a
z
i
m
ut
h
di
re
c
t
i
on
of
CP
-
S
A
R
a
t
f
=
1.
25
G
H
z
(s
e
e
F
i
gure
6
fo
r
Az
=
0°
or
x
-
z
p
l
a
n
e
a
n
d
F
i
gur
e
7
fo
r
Az
=
90°
or
y
-
z
pl
a
n
e
).
A
t
t
h
e
e
l
e
va
t
i
on
−
36
°
(
L
H
CP
)
a
nd
3
6°
(
RH
CP
),
t
h
e
a
ve
r
a
ge
of
m
a
xi
m
um
g
a
i
n
a
nd
t
h
e
a
xi
a
l
ra
t
i
o
va
l
u
e
of
t
h
e
t
ri
a
ngu
l
a
r
a
rr
a
y
a
nt
e
nn
a
a
re
a
bou
t
1
3.
49
dB
i
c
a
n
d
1.
9
9
dB
i
n
bot
h
of
a
z
i
m
ut
h
a
ng
l
e
,
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
ve
l
y.
T
he
s
e
fi
gu
re
s
a
l
s
o
s
how
t
h
a
t
t
he
b
e
a
m
w
i
dt
h
of
t
he
m
a
j
or
l
obe
s
t
h
a
t
e
xc
e
e
d
t
h
e
t
a
rge
t
ga
i
n
of
1
2
dBi
c
bo
t
h
L
H
CP
a
n
d
RH
CP
a
re
a
ro
und
1
2°
,
fro
m
−
42
°
t
o
−
30
°
(
Az
=
1
80°
a
nd
Az
=
2
70°
or
ne
ga
t
i
v
e
-
θ)
a
nd
fr
om
30°
t
o
42°
(
Az
=
0
°
a
nd
Az
=
90°
or
pos
i
t
i
ve
-
θ)
.
M
or
e
ove
r
,
t
he
s
i
m
u
l
a
t
e
d
3
-
dB
Ar
-
b
e
a
m
w
i
dt
h
bo
t
h
L
H
CP
a
nd
RH
CP
a
re
38°
,
fro
m
−
55
°
t
o
−
17°
(
Az
=
180°
a
nd
Az
=
27
0°
)
a
nd
53
°
,
f
rom
4°
t
o
57°
(
Az
=
0°
a
nd
Az
=
90
°
)
.
T
h
e
s
i
m
ul
a
t
e
d
g
a
i
n
-
be
a
m
w
i
dt
h
of
12
dBi
c
bo
t
h
L
H
CP
a
nd
RH
CP
a
re
a
c
hi
e
ve
d.
T
h
e
s
i
m
ul
a
t
e
d
3
-
dB
Ar
-
b
e
a
m
w
i
d
t
h
fo
r
L
H
CP
a
nd
RH
CP
a
re
a
l
m
os
t
s
a
t
i
s
fi
e
d
t
he
t
a
r
ge
t
e
d
e
l
e
va
t
i
o
n
be
a
m
w
i
dt
h
of
3.
57°
–
3
1.
02
°
i
n
T
a
bl
e
1
for
b
e
t
t
e
r
re
s
o
l
ut
i
on
of
CP
-
S
A
R
us
i
ng
U
A
V
.
F
i
gure
8
de
s
c
ri
b
e
s
t
he
c
ha
ra
c
t
e
ri
s
t
i
c
of
a
z
i
m
u
t
h/
c
oni
c
a
l
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r
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t
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re
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o
f
θ
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n
d
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a
t
t
he
re
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a
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e
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o
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om
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ns
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ol
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CP
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us
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ng
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V
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F
i
gur
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s
how
s
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h
e
a
n
t
e
n
na
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ffi
c
i
e
nc
y
w
hi
c
h
m
e
a
ns
t
h
e
r
a
di
a
t
i
on
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
K
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e
l
e
c
om
m
un
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l
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t
rol
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e
v
e
l
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e
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d
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dy
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t
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r
ge
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c
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G
H
z
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he
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e
re
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ul
t
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i
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c
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t
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t
h
a
t
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h
e
t
a
rge
t
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d
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nt
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e
ffi
c
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e
nc
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of
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s
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c
h
i
e
v
e
d
f
or
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us
i
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A
V
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F
i
gure
3
.
S
-
pa
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
,
2
4
p
a
t
c
he
s
F
i
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4
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put
i
m
p
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da
n
c
e
,
2
4
pa
t
c
h
e
s
F
i
gure
5
.
F
r
e
que
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y
c
ha
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
,
2
4
p
a
t
c
he
s
F
i
gure
6
.
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l
e
va
t
i
o
n
x
-
z
p
l
a
n
e
,
2
4
p
a
t
c
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s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
IS
S
N
:
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-
6930
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ol
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18
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A
pri
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2
020:
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6
39
638
F
i
gure
7
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l
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t
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y
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z
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a
l
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t
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c
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r
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c
t
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s
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i
c
s
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t
r
i
a
ng
ul
a
r
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rr
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y
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gh
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pa
t
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h
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s
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nt
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s
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i
ng
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orpor
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t
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e
d
i
ng
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l
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n
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a
t
L
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b
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q
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n
c
y
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ve
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e
n
s
t
ud
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e
d
for
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e
m
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e
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n
s
m
a
l
l
U
A
V
.
In
ge
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e
ra
l
,
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e
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i
ne
d
a
g
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gre
e
m
e
n
t
b
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t
w
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t
he
s
i
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ul
a
t
e
d
r
e
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ul
t
s
a
nd
t
h
e
t
e
c
hn
i
c
a
l
s
p
e
c
i
fi
c
a
t
i
o
n
of
CP
-
S
A
R
on
U
A
V
na
m
e
l
y
:
(i
)
t
h
e
v
a
l
u
e
s
of
ga
i
n
a
nd
a
xi
a
l
r
a
t
i
o
(
Ar
)
a
t
t
he
r
e
s
ona
n
t
fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
of
bo
t
h
L
H
CP
a
nd
RH
CP
w
e
re
13
.
46
d
Bi
c
a
nd
1.
99
dB,
re
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
,
(i
i
)
t
h
e
t
w
o
-
be
a
m
s
a
pp
e
a
r
i
ng
on
bore
s
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ght
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n
e
l
e
va
t
i
on
p
l
a
n
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d
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e
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.
e
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or
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ve
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m
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c
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nd
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he
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dB
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m
w
i
dt
h
w
e
re
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ons
e
c
ut
i
ve
l
y
a
r
ound
12
°
a
nd
46°
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ha
t
e
x
c
e
e
d
t
h
e
t
a
rg
e
t
e
d
e
l
e
v
a
t
i
on
b
e
a
m
w
i
d
t
h
of
3
.
57°
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02
°
.
(i
i
i
)
t
he
a
v
e
ra
g
e
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z
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m
ut
h
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n
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b
e
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m
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d
t
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nd
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b
e
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m
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d
t
h
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a
t
t
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e
r
e
s
ona
nt
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qu
e
nc
y
of
1.
2
5
G
H
z
a
n
d
bot
h
θ
=
−
3
6°
(
L
H
CP
)
a
nd
θ
=
36°
(RH
CP
)
w
e
re
3
3°
a
n
d
91°
,
re
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
T
he
s
e
r
e
s
ul
t
s
e
xh
i
bi
t
e
d
t
ha
t
t
he
t
a
rge
t
e
d
a
z
i
m
u
t
h
b
e
a
m
w
i
dt
h
of
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.
77°
a
c
hi
e
v
e
d
CP
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S
A
R
re
s
o
l
ut
i
on
w
i
t
h
U
A
V
.
(
i
v)
T
he
a
n
t
e
nn
a
e
ffi
c
i
e
nc
y
w
a
s
a
bo
ut
L
H
CP
=
84
.
32
%
a
nd
RH
CP
=
84
.
33%
on
a
t
a
rg
e
t
fre
q
ue
n
c
y
of
1.
25
G
H
z
.
T
he
s
e
re
s
ul
t
s
i
ndi
c
a
t
e
d
t
ha
t
t
he
t
a
rg
e
t
e
d
a
n
t
e
nn
a
e
ffi
c
i
e
nc
y
o
f
80
%
w
a
s
a
c
h
i
e
ve
d
for
CP
-
S
A
R
us
i
ng
U
A
V
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
K
O
M
N
IK
A
T
e
l
e
c
om
m
un
Co
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put
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l
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e
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t
e
n
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or
…
(Muham
m
a
d
F
auz
an
E
dy
P
ur
nom
o)
639
R
EF
ER
EN
C
ES
[
1]
E
dw
a
r
a
nd
A
.
M
u
ni
r
,
“
D
e
v
e
l
op
m
e
n
t
o
f
S
A
R
t
r
a
n
s
m
i
t
t
e
r
f
o
r
n
a
nos
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
-
ba
s
e
d
r
e
m
ot
e
s
e
ns
i
ng
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
on
,
”
T
he
5
th
I
nt
e
r
na
t
i
ona
l
C
on
f
e
r
e
nc
e
on
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
E
ngi
ne
e
r
i
ng
and
I
nf
or
m
at
i
c
s
,
B
a
l
i
,
20
15.
[
2]
S
.
S
a
l
i
h
a
h
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
M
I
M
O
H
-
s
ha
p
e
di
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
r
e
s
on
a
t
or
a
n
t
e
nn
a
f
or
4G
a
ppl
i
c
a
t
i
on
s
,
”
I
J
E
E
C
S
,
v
ol
.
10
,
no
.
2,
pp.
64
8
-
6
53,
2
018
.
[
3]
M
.
F
.
E
.
P
ur
no
m
o
a
nd
J
.
T
.
S
ri
S
u
m
a
nt
y
o,
“
D
e
s
i
g
n
c
i
r
c
u
l
a
r
l
y
po
l
a
r
i
z
e
d
of
e
qu
i
l
a
t
e
r
a
l
t
r
i
a
ngu
l
a
r
h
ol
e
a
n
t
e
nna
f
o
r
S
A
R
(
s
yn
t
he
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
ur
e
r
a
d
a
r
)
,
”
I
E
I
C
E
T
e
c
h
ni
c
al
R
e
por
t
,
v
ol
.
111
,
no.
23
9,
20
11.
[
4]
J
.
T
.
S
r
i
S
u
m
a
n
t
y
o,
“
D
e
ve
l
op
m
e
nt
of
c
i
r
c
u
l
a
r
l
y
p
ol
a
r
i
z
e
d
s
y
nt
h
e
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
u
r
e
r
a
d
a
r
on
boa
r
d
un
m
a
nn
e
d
a
e
r
i
a
l
ve
h
i
c
l
e
(
C
P
-
S
A
R
U
A
V
)
,
”
I
G
A
R
SS
,
v
ol
.
65
,
p
p.
4
762
-
476
5,
20
12.
[
5]
J
.
T
.
S
r
i
S
u
m
a
n
t
y
o
a
nd
K
.
V
.
C
h
e
t
,
“
D
e
v
e
l
op
m
e
n
t
o
f
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
l
y
p
ol
a
r
i
z
e
d
s
yn
t
he
t
i
c
a
p
e
r
t
ur
e
r
a
da
r
onb
oa
r
d
U
A
V
f
or
e
a
r
t
h
di
a
gn
os
i
s
,
”
E
U
SA
R
,
pp.
1
36
-
138
,
2012
.
[
6]
R
.
P
.
S
i
l
a
l
a
hi
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
s
s
e
s
s
i
ng
t
he
c
r
ow
n
c
l
os
ur
e
o
f
nyp
a
on
U
A
V
i
m
a
ge
s
us
i
ng
m
e
a
n
-
s
h
i
f
t
s
e
g
m
e
nt
a
t
i
on
a
l
go
r
i
t
h
m
,
”
I
J
E
E
C
S
,
vol
.
9
,
n
o.
3
,
pp
.
722
-
730
,
201
8.
[
7]
M
.
B
a
h
a
r
u
ddi
n,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
E
qu
i
l
a
t
e
r
a
l
m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p
a
n
t
e
nna
f
o
r
c
i
r
c
u
l
a
r
l
y
-
pol
a
r
i
z
e
d
s
yn
t
he
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
u
r
e
r
a
da
r
,
”
P
r
ogr
e
s
s
I
n
E
l
e
c
t
r
om
ag
ne
t
i
c
s
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
C
,
v
ol
.
8,
pp
.
107
-
12
0,
20
09
.
[
8]
Y
.
K
.
C
h
a
n
a
nd
V
.
C
.
K
oo
,
“
T
he
de
s
i
gn
a
nd
d
e
ve
l
op
m
e
n
t
of
un
m
a
n
ne
d
a
e
r
i
a
l
v
e
hi
c
l
e
s
yn
t
he
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
ur
e
r
a
da
r
,
”
P
r
ogr
e
s
s
I
n
E
l
e
c
t
r
om
a
gne
t
i
c
s
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
O
n
l
i
ne
,
v
ol
.
7,
n
o.
7
,
pp.
6
8
5
-
68
8,
20
11.
[
9]
V
.
C
.
K
oo
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
ne
w
un
m
a
n
ne
d
a
e
r
i
a
l
ve
h
i
c
l
e
s
yn
t
he
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
u
r
e
r
a
da
r
f
o
r
e
nvi
r
o
nm
e
n
t
a
l
m
on
i
t
o
r
i
ng
,
”
P
r
ogr
e
s
s
i
n
E
l
e
c
t
r
om
agne
t
i
c
s
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
,
vo
l
.
1
22,
p
p.
24
5
-
2
68,
2
01
2.
[
10]
A
.
A
l
be
r
t
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
R
B
R
E
S
:
L
i
gh
t
-
w
e
i
g
ht
C
W
/
F
M
S
A
R
s
e
ns
o
r
s
f
o
r
s
m
a
l
l
U
A
V
s
,
”
S
e
ns
or
s
,
vo
l
.
13
,
no.
3
,
pp.
32
04
-
3216
,
201
3.
[
11]
M
.
F
.
E
.
P
ur
n
om
o,
e
t
al
.
,
“
D
e
ve
l
op
m
e
nt
L
-
b
a
nd
a
nt
e
na
w
i
t
h
l
ow
p
ow
e
r
f
or
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
l
y
p
ol
a
r
i
z
e
d
-
s
yn
t
he
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
u
r
e
r
a
da
r
(
C
P
-
S
A
R
)
a
p
pl
i
c
a
t
i
on
on
un
m
a
nne
d
a
e
r
i
a
l
ve
h
i
c
l
e
(
U
A
V
)
,
”
P
r
oc
e
e
d
i
ng
s
of
t
h
e
7
th
I
n
done
s
i
a
J
a
pan
J
oi
nt
Sc
i
e
nt
i
f
i
c
Sy
m
p
os
i
um
,
t
he
2
4
th
C
E
R
e
S
I
n
t
e
r
nat
i
o
nal
Sy
m
p
os
i
um
,
t
he
4
t
h
S
y
m
po
s
i
um
on
M
i
c
r
os
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
f
or
R
e
m
o
t
e
Se
ns
i
ng
(
SO
M
I
R
E
S
2
016
)
,
t
h
e
1
st
Sy
m
p
os
i
um
on
I
n
nov
a
t
i
v
e
M
i
c
r
o
w
av
e
R
e
m
ot
e
Se
ns
i
ng
,
K
e
y
ak
i
C
o
nv
e
nt
i
on
H
al
l
,
pp.
39
2
-
4
03
,
2
016
.
[
12]
C
.
L
.
T
a
n
g,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
C
i
r
c
u
l
a
r
l
y
po
l
a
r
i
z
e
d
e
qu
i
l
a
t
e
r
a
l
-
t
r
i
a
ngu
l
a
r
m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p
a
n
t
e
nn
a
w
i
t
h
t
r
unc
a
t
e
d
-
t
i
p
,
”
E
l
e
c
t
r
on
i
c
s
L
e
t
t
e
r
,
vo
l
.
3
4,
no
.
13
,
pp.
1
227
-
122
8,
19
98.
[
13]
J
.
T
.
S
r
i
S
um
a
n
t
yo
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
D
e
ve
l
op
m
e
nt
o
f
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
l
y
po
l
a
r
i
z
e
d
s
ynt
h
e
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
u
r
e
r
a
da
r
on
-
boa
r
d
m
i
c
r
os
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
,
”
P
I
E
R
S
P
r
o
c
e
e
di
ngs
,
pp
.
382
-
385
,
200
9.
[
14]
M
.
F
.
E
.
P
ur
no
m
o
a
nd
A
.
K
i
t
a
ga
w
a
,
“
D
e
v
e
l
op
m
e
n
t
o
f
e
qu
i
l
a
t
e
r
a
l
t
r
i
a
ngu
l
a
r
a
r
r
a
y
a
nt
e
nna
w
i
t
h
t
r
unc
a
t
e
d
-
t
i
p
f
or
c
i
r
c
u
l
a
r
l
y
p
ol
a
r
i
z
e
d
-
s
yn
t
he
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
ur
e
r
a
d
a
r
s
e
ns
o
r
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
on
,
”
P
r
oc
e
e
d
i
ng
s
o
f
12
th
E
ur
o
pe
a
n
C
o
nf
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
Sy
nt
he
t
i
c
A
pe
r
t
u
r
e
R
ada
r
,
2
018
.
[
15]
A
.
Y
oha
n
dr
i
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
D
e
ve
l
op
m
e
nt
o
f
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
l
y
po
l
a
r
i
z
e
d
a
r
r
a
y
a
n
t
e
nna
f
or
s
yn
t
he
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
ur
e
r
a
da
r
s
e
n
s
or
i
ns
t
a
l
l
e
d
on
U
A
V
,
”
P
r
o
gr
e
s
s
i
n
E
l
e
c
t
r
om
ag
ne
t
i
c
s
R
e
s
e
ar
c
h
C
.
vo
l
.
1
9,
pp
.
1
19
-
1
33,
2
011
.
[
16]
C
.
E
.
S
a
nt
o
s
a
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
S
uba
r
r
a
y
de
s
i
gn
f
o
r
C
-
b
a
nd
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
l
y
-
po
l
a
r
i
z
e
d
s
y
nt
he
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
u
r
e
r
a
d
a
r
a
n
t
e
nna
on
boa
r
d
a
i
r
bor
ne
,
”
P
r
o
gr
e
s
s
i
n
E
l
e
c
t
r
om
ag
ne
t
i
c
s
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
,
vol
.
163
,
pp
.
10
7
-
11
7,
20
18.
[
17]
M
.
F
.
E
.
P
u
r
no
m
o
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
nc
e
o
f
s
i
ng
l
y
-
f
e
d
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
l
y
po
l
a
r
i
z
e
d
m
i
c
r
o
s
t
r
i
p
a
n
t
e
nna
f
o
r
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
c
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
on,
”
J
ur
nal
T
e
k
no
l
o
gi
,
vol
.
78
,
no
.
5
-
9
,
pp
.
111
-
117
,
2
016.
[
18]
C
S
T
S
t
ud
i
o
S
u
i
t
e
2
016
,
“
M
i
c
r
ow
a
ve
–
R
a
d
i
o
F
r
e
que
nc
y
–
O
p
t
i
c
a
l
.
C
opyr
i
gh
t
©
199
8
–
2
016
,
”
C
ST
A
G
,
2
016
.
[
19]
M
.
F
.
E
.
P
ur
n
om
o,
e
t
al
.
,
“
T
h
e
a
r
r
a
y
m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p
a
nt
e
nna
f
o
r
m
ob
i
l
e
-
i
n
t
e
r
ne
t
o
f
s
a
t
e
l
l
i
t
e
e
ne
r
gy
c
o
m
m
un
i
c
a
t
i
on
,
”
I
nt
e
r
n
at
i
on
al
J
o
ur
n
al
o
f
C
om
put
e
r
an
d
C
om
m
uni
c
a
t
i
o
n
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
n
g
,
vo
l
.
8
,
no.
3
,
pp
.
119
-
128
,
201
9.
[
20]
J
.
M
.
P
a
r
e
n
r
e
ng
a
nd
A
.
K
i
t
a
ga
w
a
,
“
R
e
s
our
c
e
o
pt
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
t
e
c
h
ni
qu
e
s
a
nd
s
e
c
ur
i
t
y
l
e
ve
l
s
f
or
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
s
e
ns
o
r
ne
t
w
o
r
k
s
b
a
s
e
d
on
t
h
e
A
R
S
y
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k,
”
Se
n
s
or
s
,
v
ol
.
18
,
n
o.
15
9
4,
pp
.
1
-
1
5,
20
18.
[
21]
P
.
D
.
P
r
a
s
e
t
yo
A
di
a
nd
A
.
K
i
t
a
ga
w
a
,
“
Z
i
gB
e
e
r
a
di
o
f
r
e
qu
e
nc
y
(
R
F
)
pe
r
f
or
m
a
nc
e
on
r
a
s
pbe
r
r
y
P
i
3
f
or
i
n
t
e
r
ne
t
o
f
t
hi
ngs
(
I
oT
)
b
a
s
e
d
b
l
oo
d
p
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
s
e
ns
o
r
s
m
oni
t
o
r
i
ng
,
”
(
I
J
A
C
SA
)
I
n
t
e
r
na
t
i
o
na
l
J
our
n
al
o
f
A
d
v
an
c
e
d
C
om
pu
t
e
r
Sc
i
e
nc
e
a
nd
A
pp
l
i
c
at
i
o
ns
,
vol
.
10
,
no.
5
,
pp
.
18
-
27
,
2
019
.
[
22]
M
.
F
.
E
.
P
u
r
no
m
o
a
nd
A
.
K
i
t
a
g
a
w
a
,
“
T
r
i
a
n
gu
l
a
r
m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p
a
n
t
e
nna
f
or
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
l
y
-
po
l
a
r
i
z
e
d
s
ynt
he
t
i
c
a
pe
r
t
u
r
e
r
a
da
r
s
e
n
s
or
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
on
,
”
I
ndo
ne
s
i
an
J
o
ur
na
l
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
al
E
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
and
C
om
pu
t
e
r
Sc
i
e
nc
e
,
v
ol
.
12
,
no.
1,
pp.
31
0
-
3
18,
2
018
.
[
23]
D
.
P
oz
a
r
,
“
M
i
c
r
ow
a
v
e
e
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
,
”
J
ohn
W
i
l
e
y
&
Son
s
I
nc
.
3r
d
e
d
i
t
i
on
,
H
obo
k
e
n
,
N
e
w
J
e
r
s
e
y
,
pp
.
308
-
36
1,
20
05
.
[
24]
A
.
G
r
e
b
e
nn
i
kov
,
“
R
F
a
n
d
m
i
c
r
ow
a
v
e
t
r
a
ns
m
i
t
t
e
r
de
s
i
g
n,
”
J
ohn
W
i
l
e
y
&
So
ns
I
n
c
.,
H
obo
k
e
n
,
N
e
w
J
e
r
s
e
y
,
20
11
.
[
25]
K
.
C
h
a
ng
,
“
E
n
c
yc
l
op
e
di
a
of
R
F
a
n
d
m
i
c
r
ow
a
v
e
e
ng
i
ne
e
r
i
ng
,
”
J
o
hn
W
i
l
e
y
&
Son
s
I
n
c
.,
H
obo
k
e
n
,
N
e
w
J
e
r
s
e
y
,
20
05
.
[
26]
M
.
F
.
E
.
P
ur
n
om
o
a
nd
A
.
K
i
t
a
ga
w
a
,
“
D
e
ve
l
o
pi
n
g
ba
s
i
c
c
on
f
i
g
ur
a
t
i
on
of
t
r
i
a
n
gl
e
a
r
r
a
y
a
nt
e
nn
a
f
o
r
c
i
r
c
ul
a
r
l
y
pol
a
r
i
z
e
d
-
s
yn
t
he
t
i
c
a
p
e
r
t
u
r
e
r
a
d
a
r
s
e
n
s
o
r
a
p
pl
i
c
a
t
i
on
,
”
P
r
oc
e
e
d
i
n
gs
o
f
I
E
E
E
20
17
I
nt
e
r
n
at
i
ona
l
C
o
nf
e
r
e
nc
e
on
R
adar
,
A
nt
e
nn
a,
M
i
c
r
ow
a
v
e
,
E
l
e
c
t
r
on
i
c
s
,
an
d
T
e
l
e
c
om
m
u
ni
c
at
i
o
ns
(
I
C
R
A
M
E
T
20
17
)
,
pp
.
112
-
117
,
201
7.
[
27]
I
.
S
uk
m
a
a
nd
A
.
K
i
t
a
g
a
w
a
,
“
C
o
m
pa
r
i
s
on
t
opo
l
og
i
e
s
o
f
r
e
s
on
a
nt
t
a
nk
f
r
o
m
c
l
a
s
s
-
C
w
i
r
e
l
e
s
s
pow
e
r
t
r
a
n
s
f
e
r
,
”
I
E
E
E
I
nt
e
r
n
at
i
on
al
W
o
r
k
s
hop
o
n
E
l
e
c
t
r
om
agne
t
i
c
s
:
A
p
pl
i
c
a
t
i
ons
and
St
ude
n
t
I
nnov
at
i
on
C
om
pe
t
i
t
i
on
(
i
W
E
M
)
,
N
ag
oy
a
,
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1
-
2,
2
018
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