T
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.
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No: 2
1/E/
K
P
T
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18
DOI:
10.12928/TE
LK
OM
N
IK
A
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1
7
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12761
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Key
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p
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r
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s
Copy
righ
t
©
2
0
1
9
Uni
v
e
rsi
t
a
s
Ahm
a
d
D
a
hl
a
n.
All
rig
ht
s
r
e
s
e
rve
d
.
1.
Int
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
T
he
r
ac
e
to
d
ep
l
o
y
f
i
f
th
g
en
erat
i
o
n
(
5G
)
wi
r
e
l
es
s
s
erv
i
c
es
b
y
20
2
0
i
s
o
ng
o
i
n
g
a
nd
mm
-
w
av
e
t
ec
hn
o
l
o
g
y
wi
l
l
pl
a
y
a
k
e
y
r
o
l
e
i
n
m
ee
ti
n
g
m
ou
nti
ng
de
m
an
d
f
or
broadb
an
d
da
t
a
tr
af
f
i
c
[
1
].
T
he
m
m
-
w
av
e
be
c
o
m
e
ne
x
t
ge
ne
r
at
i
on
c
arr
i
er
s
ou
r
c
e
du
e
t
o
ex
pl
od
i
ng
da
ta
gro
wth
i
n
c
el
l
u
l
ar
ne
t
w
ork
s
an
d
26
-
60
G
H
z
b
an
ds
are
of
gro
w
i
n
g
i
n
teres
t
f
or
po
ten
t
i
a
l
5G
c
el
l
ul
ar
ne
t
w
ork
[2
-
4]
.
T
he
gl
ob
al
ba
nd
wi
dth
s
h
ortage
f
ac
i
ng
wi
r
el
es
s
c
arr
i
ers
ha
s
m
oti
v
ate
d
the
ex
p
l
ora
ti
o
n
of
th
e
un
de
r
uti
l
i
z
ed
m
m
-
w
av
e
f
r
eq
ue
n
c
y
s
pe
c
tr
um
f
or
f
utu
r
e
b
r
oa
db
an
d
c
e
l
l
u
l
ar
c
o
m
m
un
i
c
ati
on
n
et
w
ork
s
[
5
].
Ho
we
v
er,
hi
gh
ef
f
i
c
i
en
c
y
s
i
l
i
c
o
n
p
o
w
er
am
pl
i
f
i
er
(
P
A
)
f
or
m
m
-
w
av
e
c
o
m
m
un
i
c
ati
on
s
i
s
c
ha
l
l
en
gi
n
g
du
e
to
i
ng
r
ai
n
ed
tr
a
d
e
-
of
f
be
tw
e
en
bre
ak
-
do
w
n
an
d
s
pe
ed
i
n
s
i
l
i
c
o
n [
6
].
P
o
w
er
am
pl
i
f
i
er
i
s
on
e
of
t
he
i
m
po
r
tan
t
el
em
en
t
i
n
R
ad
i
o Fr
e
qu
e
nc
y
Int
eg
r
ate
d C
i
r
c
ui
t
(
RF
IC)
de
s
i
gn
t
o
c
on
v
erts
a
l
o
w
po
we
r
r
ad
i
o
f
r
eq
ue
nc
y
s
i
gn
a
l
i
n
to
a
h
i
g
he
r
po
wer
s
i
gn
al
i
n
order
to
m
ak
e
s
ure
tha
t
th
e
RF
s
y
s
t
em
c
an
de
l
i
v
er
hi
gh
q
ua
l
i
t
y
,
l
o
w
l
ate
nc
y
v
i
de
o
a
nd
m
ul
ti
m
ed
i
a
ap
p
l
i
c
at
i
on
s
f
or
w
i
r
el
es
s
d
e
v
i
c
es
[
7,
8]
.
Ma
n
y
r
es
ea
r
c
he
s
ex
pe
r
i
e
nc
e
a
l
ot
of
c
ha
l
l
e
ng
es
i
n
i
m
pl
em
en
ti
ng
mm
-
w
av
e
po
w
er
am
pl
i
f
i
ers
. Fi
r
s
t, i
t
i
s
h
arder
to
ac
h
i
e
v
e
hi
gh
ou
t
pu
t
po
wer
l
e
v
e
l
d
ue
t
o t
he
l
o
w s
up
p
l
y
v
o
l
ta
ge
tha
t
ac
c
o
m
pa
ni
es
s
m
al
l
er
tec
h
n
ol
o
g
y
no
d
es
.
B
es
i
d
es
,
the
t
ec
hn
o
l
og
y
s
hri
nk
s
c
au
s
i
ng
the
g
ate
ox
i
d
e
be
c
om
e
thi
nn
er
an
d
br
ea
k
do
w
n
v
o
l
t
ag
e
be
c
om
e
l
o
we
r
he
nc
e
l
i
m
i
t
to
ge
t
be
t
ter
o
utp
ut
po
wer
at
r
ec
ei
v
i
n
g
e
nd
of
the
s
y
s
te
m
[9,
10]
.
S
ec
o
nd
,
the
p
o
w
er
g
ai
n
o
utp
ut
p
o
w
er
tr
ad
eo
f
f
du
e
to
tr
an
s
i
s
tor
s
i
z
i
n
g
tha
t
pr
e
s
en
ts
i
ts
el
f
at
m
m
-
w
av
e
f
r
eq
ue
nc
i
es
po
s
es
an
up
pe
r
l
i
m
i
t
on
the
m
ax
i
m
u
m
tr
an
s
i
s
tor
s
i
z
e
t
ha
t
c
a
n
be
ac
hi
e
v
ed
wi
th
r
e
as
on
ab
l
y
hi
g
h
g
ai
n
an
d
t
hu
s
o
n
the
m
ax
i
m
u
m
ou
tpu
t
po
we
r
of
a
s
i
ng
l
e
tr
an
s
i
s
tor
[
11
].
Mo
r
eo
v
er,
the
po
wer
g
ai
n
ou
tp
ut
po
w
er
tr
ad
eo
f
f
du
e
to
i
m
pe
da
nc
e
m
atc
hi
ng
m
ak
es
i
t
m
ore
c
ha
l
l
en
g
i
n
g
t
o
ac
hi
ev
e
hi
g
h
o
utp
ut
po
wer
l
e
v
el
s
wi
th
r
ea
s
on
ab
l
e p
o
wer
ga
i
n f
r
om
a
s
i
ng
l
e s
ta
ge
am
pl
i
f
i
er
[12,
13]
.
Res
ea
r
c
h
on
f
i
f
th
ge
n
erat
i
on
(
5G
)
w
i
r
e
l
es
s
s
erv
i
c
e
s
b
y
20
2
0
i
s
i
n
progr
es
s
,
an
d
mm
-
W
av
e
K
a
-
B
an
d
t
ec
hn
o
l
og
y
wi
l
l
of
f
er
a
v
i
ta
l
r
ol
e
i
n
m
ee
ti
ng
h
i
g
h
de
m
an
d
f
or
b
r
oa
db
an
d
d
ata
tr
af
f
i
c
[
14
,
15
].
Rec
e
ntl
y
,
i
t
i
s
r
ep
orted
tha
t
S
am
s
un
g's
5G
ne
t
w
ork
al
s
o
a
do
pt
s
the
2
8
G
H
z
mm
-
w
av
e
K
a
-
B
an
d
f
r
eq
ue
nc
y
.
T
hi
s
i
s
the
tr
i
g
ge
r
i
ng
po
i
nt
f
or
t
he
r
es
e
arc
he
r
t
o
r
es
ea
r
c
h
on
Ka
-
B
an
d
m
m
-
w
a
v
e
P
o
wer
A
m
pl
i
f
i
er
(
P
A
)
.
T
he
s
e
de
m
an
ds
ha
v
e
prom
ote
d
to
c
o
m
prehen
d
a
s
i
ng
l
e
c
h
i
p
r
a
di
o
tr
an
s
c
e
i
v
e
r
i
n
a
l
o
w
-
c
os
t
CMO
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t
ec
h
no
l
og
y
wi
th
ex
tr
a
f
un
c
ti
on
a
l
i
t
y
[16
].
S
i
nc
e
the
P
A
o
pe
r
ate
s
at
v
er
y
hi
gh
f
r
eq
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nc
y
,
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t
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an
ha
v
e
wi
de
ba
nd
wi
dt
h.
H
o
w
e
v
er,
as
th
e
s
i
gn
a
l
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
◼
IS
S
N: 16
93
-
6
93
0
T
E
L
KO
M
NIK
A
V
ol
.
1
7
,
No
.
4
,
A
ug
us
t
20
19
:
1
8
59
-
1
86
6
1860
ba
nd
wi
d
th
i
nc
r
ea
s
es
,
t
he
l
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y
of
the
P
A
i
s
d
eg
r
a
de
d
be
c
au
s
e
the
as
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m
m
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c
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de
b
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d
i
s
ge
ne
r
ate
d
b
y
th
e
m
e
m
or
y
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f
ec
t
[6]
.
F
urtherm
ore,
th
e
c
r
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ti
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a
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p
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de
s
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CMO
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Ka
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to
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n
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l
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w
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n
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d
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atc
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de
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f
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ov
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de
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nd
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eq
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f
r
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m
26
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H
z
.
T
o
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e
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CMO
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P
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s
at
20
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9
G
H
z
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v
e
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ee
n
r
ep
orted
[
11
-
2
5
].
F
or
ex
am
pl
e
a
2
2
-
29
G
H
z
CMO
S
P
A
w
i
th
2
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ad
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od
e
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gh
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CMO
S
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s
t
ec
hn
o
l
og
y
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s
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e
nte
d
[1
4
].
H
i
gh
s
atu
r
at
ed
ou
t
pu
t
po
w
er
(
P
sat
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of
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P
A
c
an
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en
h
an
c
ed
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y
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om
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n
i
ng
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h
i
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ture
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n
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o
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t
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ho
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h
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sat
of
15
.4
d
B
m
i
s
ac
hi
e
v
e
d,
i
ts
P
A
E
of
14
.
6%
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d
DC
po
we
r
c
on
s
um
pti
on
o
f
16
3.
8
m
W
are
no
t
go
o
d
en
ou
gh
.
In
[
1
5
],
a
22
-
27
CMO
S
P
A
w
i
th
f
ul
l
y
i
n
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r
ate
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tr
a
ns
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or
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er
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i
gn
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n
0.1
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i
s
r
ep
orted
.
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ho
ug
h
ex
c
el
l
en
t
po
wer
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i
n
of
14
+
/
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2
d
B
an
d
P
sat
of
1
7d
B
m
i
s
ac
hi
ev
e
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ts
P
A
E
of
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%
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s
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ati
s
f
ac
tor
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.
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o
de
m
on
s
tr
ate
h
i
gh
P
A
E
an
d
l
o
w
p
o
w
er
c
on
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um
pti
on
c
an
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ev
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m
ul
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eo
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l
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or
a
2
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H
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CMO
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,
i
n
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k
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r
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a
28
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H
z
P
A
wi
th
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c
el
l
en
t
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A
E
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P
sat
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nd
l
o
w
po
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on
s
um
pti
on
us
i
ng
0.1
8
µm
S
i
l
tera
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tec
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ol
o
g
y
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he
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P
A
c
om
pris
es
3
c
as
c
ad
e
s
t
ag
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i
th
r
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v
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e
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a
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de
s
i
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np
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t
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o
w
dc
p
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w
er
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on
s
um
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on
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d h
i
gh
P
A
E.
2.
Cir
cuit
De
sign
T
he
s
c
he
m
ati
c
de
s
i
gn
of
c
as
c
ad
e
po
wer
am
p
l
i
f
i
er
i
s
s
ho
w
n
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
1.
Cas
c
ad
e
to
po
l
og
y
h
as
be
e
n
c
ho
s
en
t
o
pro
v
i
de
s
uf
f
i
c
i
en
t
g
ai
n
.
T
o
ac
hi
e
v
e
t
he
d
es
i
r
ed
o
utp
ut
po
w
er
at
th
e
po
wer
am
pl
i
f
i
er
ou
tpu
t
,
the
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an
s
i
s
tor
wi
d
th
of
M
1
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M
2
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M
3
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o
pt
i
m
i
z
e
t
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be
48
,
50
an
d
95
µm
r
es
pe
c
ti
v
el
y
.
T
he
f
i
r
s
t
s
tag
e
c
on
s
i
s
t
of
r
ev
ers
e
bo
d
y
b
i
as
to
c
on
t
r
ol
the
p
o
w
er
c
on
s
um
pti
on
at
f
i
r
s
t
s
tag
e
(
P
DC
1
)
,
to
g
et
t
he
hi
gh
ef
f
i
c
i
en
c
y
an
d
l
o
w
po
we
r
c
on
s
um
pti
on
.
T
he
ou
tp
ut
of
the
f
i
r
s
t
s
tag
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A
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s
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s
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ed
to
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h
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tag
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r
c
ui
t
f
orm
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y
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ap
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tor
s
C
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C
2
w
h
i
c
h
i
s
d
es
i
gn
ed
a
nd
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t
i
m
i
z
ed
to
ac
h
i
e
v
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
P
A
E
an
d
o
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u
t
p
o
w
er.
T
ab
l
e
1
s
ho
w
s
the
c
om
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pa
r
am
ete
r
s
f
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w
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pl
i
f
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s
c
he
m
ati
c
.
T
he
de
s
i
gn
w
i
t
h
th
e
thr
ee
-
s
tag
e
of
c
as
c
ad
ed
am
pl
i
f
i
c
ati
o
n
i
s
c
ho
s
en
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r
eq
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r
e
d
g
ai
n.
T
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ou
tpu
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i
s
de
s
i
gn
e
d
to
pro
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de
m
ax
i
m
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m
ou
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er
whi
l
e
t
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i
r
s
t
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d
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ec
on
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s
tag
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s
i
g
ne
d
f
or
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ax
i
m
u
m
ga
i
n.
F
i
gu
r
e
2
s
ho
w
b
l
oc
k
di
ag
r
am
of
c
as
c
ad
e s
y
s
tem
.
F
i
gu
r
e
1.
C
om
pl
ete
s
c
he
m
ati
c
of
th
e
prop
os
es
th
r
ee
-
s
tag
e
CMO
S
P
A
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KO
M
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A
IS
S
N: 1
69
3
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28
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f
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th
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e… (
A
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a
n
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1861
F
i
gu
r
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2
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l
oc
k
di
a
gram
of
c
as
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ad
e s
y
s
tem
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as
ed
on
F
i
gu
r
e 2
:
V
A
i
o
V
V
=
1
3
i
o
V
V
=
1
1
1
2
2
3
i
o
o
o
o
o
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V
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V
V
V
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2
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3
3
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o
i
o
i
o
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V
V
V
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V
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1
A
A
A
v
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the
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f
th
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s
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th
s
tag
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v
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v
A
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ap
p
l
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e c
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k
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(
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v
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P
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as
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f
r
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d
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L
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where
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as
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2
(
F
SB
F
TO
T
V
V
V
−
−
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=
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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93
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r
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,
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l
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ta
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V
SB
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l
a
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m
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tan
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e
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on
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s
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c
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ed
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s
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d
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er,
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ota
l
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c
on
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um
pti
on
of
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d
ev
i
c
e
(
P
DC
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wi
l
l
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e
de
c
r
ea
s
ed
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e
v
en
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l
l
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t
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i
l
l
driv
e
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ef
f
i
c
i
en
c
y
of
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c
i
r
c
ui
t
as
po
w
er a
dd
e
d e
f
f
i
c
i
en
c
y
(
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A
E
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i
s
d
ep
e
nd
o
n:
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in
out
P
P
P
PAE
−
=
(
8)
no
te
d t
h
at
f
or c
as
c
ad
e t
o
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l
og
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as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n F
i
gu
r
e 2
,
po
w
er g
ai
n o
f
c
as
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ad
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an
be
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r
i
t
ten
as
:
1
2
1
1
,
P
P
G
P
P
G
o
u
t
in
=
=
(
9)
f
r
o
m
(
9), the
P
A
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of
th
e
f
i
r
s
t a
nd
s
ec
on
d s
t
ag
e c
a
n b
e
w
r
i
tte
n
as
:
2
2
1
1
1
,
DC
in
out
DC
in
P
P
P
P
P
P
−
=
−
=
(
10
)
he
nc
e;
2
1
DC
DC
in
o
u
t
t
o
t
a
l
P
P
P
P
+
−
=
2
1
1
1
)
(
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(
DC
DC
in
o
u
t
P
P
P
P
P
P
+
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+
−
=
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(
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(
1
1
1
2
1
in
out
DC
DC
P
P
P
P
P
P
−
+
−
+
=
(
11
)
s
ub
s
ti
tut
i
n
g
(
9) an
d (10)
i
n
(
11
)
w
i
l
l
l
e
ad
t
o:
−
−
+
+
=
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
G
G
G
P
P
DC
DC
t
o
t
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l
(
12
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no
ti
c
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tha
t
,
f
r
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m
(
12
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i
f
t
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P
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s
m
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th
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l
l
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.
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e
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t
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s
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Ω
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Re
sult
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Disc
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sion
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pa
r
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ete
r
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i
m
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s
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F
i
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3.
T
he
po
wer
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pl
i
f
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er
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a
s
i
m
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pe
ak
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1
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at
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nd
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h
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tere
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A
s
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t
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s
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Ω
i
m
pe
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e,
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t
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a
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m
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