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18
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5
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2
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5
3
3
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2534
in
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ates
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tio
n
o
f
D
A
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,
t
h
e
a
u
t
h
o
r
s
in
[
2
4
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
n
e
w
m
et
h
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to
m
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ased
u
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n
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r
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tectio
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UE
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co
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n
o
th
er
p
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le
m
t
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at
s
tan
d
s
i
n
t
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w
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ac
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le
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lt
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an
ce
is
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m
is
s
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d
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p
r
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b
ab
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s
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I
n
[
1
2
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th
e
au
th
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o
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f
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g
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m
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c
R
A
M
m
a
n
u
f
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tu
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er
s
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to
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On
t
h
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d
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R
ee
d
-
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o
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C
h
a
u
d
h
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r
i
Ho
cq
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m
(
B
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co
d
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ca
p
ab
le
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etec
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r
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t
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m
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b
y
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r
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s
w
it
h
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l
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ter
m
s
o
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ad
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itio
n
al
ch
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k
b
it
s
r
eq
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ir
ed
[
2
5
,
2
6
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
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ap
p
ly
i
n
g
t
h
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d
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f
o
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d
ev
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d
y
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s
tatic
R
A
M
a
n
d
E
E
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R
OM
)
to
co
r
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t
MB
U
r
esu
l
ts
in
h
ig
h
e
n
co
d
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n
d
d
ec
o
d
in
g
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m
p
lex
it
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as
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h
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o
d
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t
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ical
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ar
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2.
RE
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1
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P
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p
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p
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ed
tech
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q
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tar
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th
e
p
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tectio
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m
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m
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g
ai
n
s
t
tr
ip
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o
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s
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an
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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5
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2542
2536
in
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p
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ac
tical
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m
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ize
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ig
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u
r
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15
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ates
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d
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ar
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e
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eter
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ed
as:
10
=
0
1
3
4
6
8
10
11
13
15
11
=
0
2
3
5
6
9
10
12
13
12
=
1
2
3
7
8
10
14
15
13
=
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
14
=
11
12
13
14
15
15
=
0
1
2
…
15
10
11
12
13
14
T
h
e
s
a
m
e
s
tr
u
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o
f
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n
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it
y
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its
p
20
,
p
21
,
p
22
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p
23
,
p
24
an
d
p
25
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er
atio
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it
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o
n
e
b
y
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p
ar
it
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en
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th
at
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s
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s
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s
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tes.
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ter
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h
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th
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e
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n
to
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e
m
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r
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d
m
e
m
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r
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as
s
h
o
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i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
.
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r
th
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
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o
f
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ea
d
in
g
,
f
ir
s
tl
y
,
th
e
d
ec
o
d
er
s
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
v
alu
e
s
o
f
s
y
n
d
r
o
m
es
S
an
d
p
ar
ities
P
(
,
,
an
d
)
.
T
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
S
i
s
g
e
n
er
ated
b
y
ta
k
i
n
g
a
n
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R
o
f
t
h
e
d
ata
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its
an
d
r
ec
o
m
p
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ted
c
h
ec
k
b
it.
Seco
n
d
l
y
,
t
h
ese
v
al
u
es
ar
e
ex
a
m
in
ed
b
y
th
e
an
al
y
s
is
s
c
h
e
m
e
t
h
at
g
e
n
er
ates
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ig
n
al
s
.
T
h
is
w
a
y
,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
b
et
w
ee
n
s
i
n
g
le
-
b
it
er
r
o
r
s
,
t
w
o
-
b
it
er
r
o
r
s
,
an
d
th
r
ee
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b
it
er
r
o
r
s
w
it
h
o
n
l
y
a
m
in
i
m
u
m
i
m
p
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t
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n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
d
ata
w
o
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d
is
r
ea
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
e
m
o
r
y
,
w
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h
d
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o
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tai
n
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n
y
er
r
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r
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o
r
co
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tain
s
f
e
w
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r
s
,
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d
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co
r
r
ec
ted
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y
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e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
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g
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ec
o
d
er
.
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r
ex
a
m
p
le,
a
s
s
u
m
i
n
g
th
at
in
m
e
m
o
r
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1
a
t
h
r
ee
-
b
its
er
r
o
r
o
cc
u
r
s
in
th
e
co
d
e
w
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d
n
1
,
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e
s
ig
n
al
y
1
p
r
ev
en
t
s
r
ea
d
in
g
d
ata
f
r
o
m
t
h
at
d
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ice
i
n
o
r
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er
n
o
t
to
g
et
p
ass
ed
to
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
o
u
tp
u
t.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
th
e
s
i
g
n
al
y
2
allo
w
s
co
d
e
w
o
r
d
n
2
to
g
et
p
ass
ed
f
r
o
m
m
e
m
o
r
y
2
.
T
h
e
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
th
e
lis
t
o
f
p
o
s
s
i
b
le
er
r
o
r
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
s
a
n
d
th
e
i
n
d
icatio
n
o
f
h
o
w
to
r
esp
o
n
d
in
ea
c
h
o
f
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
le
s
itu
a
tio
n
s
is
s
h
o
wn
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
Fro
m
T
ab
le
1
,
w
e
o
b
tain
(
3
)
an
d
(
4
)
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
i
g
n
al
s
y
1
a
n
d
y
2
t
h
at
d
eter
m
i
n
e
w
h
ich
m
e
m
o
r
y
t
h
e
d
ata
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
r
ea
d
f
r
o
m
:
(
3
)
(
4
)
1
s
2
s
1
p
2
p
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
y
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
p
s
p
s
p
s
s
p
s
p
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
p
s
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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m
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2537
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2542
2538
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ex
a
m
p
l
e,
if
w
e
ex
ten
d
t
h
e
co
d
e
(
7
,
4
)
,
th
en
w
e
g
et
t
h
e
co
d
e
m
atr
ix
(
8
,
4
)
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
.
I
n
m
a
n
y
ca
s
es,
it
is
ad
v
i
s
ab
le
to
m
o
d
if
y
t
h
e
Ha
m
m
i
n
g
co
d
es
to
g
i
v
e
t
h
e
m
ad
d
itio
n
al
u
s
e
f
u
l
p
r
o
p
er
ties
th
at
f
ac
ilit
ate
p
r
ac
tical
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
r
ex
p
a
n
d
th
e
cir
cle
o
f
p
o
ten
tial
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
.
T
h
e
m
a
in
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es o
f
t
h
e
m
o
d
i
f
icatio
n
s
ar
e:
Si
m
p
li
f
icat
io
n
o
f
co
d
in
g
an
d
d
ec
o
d
in
g
d
ev
ice
s
.
E
n
s
u
r
in
g
,
th
e
s
a
m
e
s
i
g
n
al
d
ela
y
w
h
e
n
e
n
co
d
in
g
a
n
d
d
ec
o
d
in
g
in
all
b
it
s
(
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
h
o
m
o
g
e
n
eit
y
)
.
E
n
s
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
ad
eq
u
ac
y
o
f
b
y
te
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
o
f
m
e
m
o
r
y
a
n
d
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
m
.
R
ed
u
ci
n
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
i
n
co
r
r
ec
t d
ec
o
d
in
g
f
o
r
m
u
ltip
le
er
r
o
r
s
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
E
x
a
m
p
le
(
a)
co
d
e
(
7
,
4
)
w
ith
=
3
,
(
b
)
co
d
e
(
8
,
4
)
w
it
h
=
4
Si
m
p
li
f
icat
io
n
o
f
co
d
in
g
an
d
d
ec
o
d
in
g
d
ev
ices
m
a
y
b
e
ac
h
i
ev
ed
b
y
m
i
n
i
m
izi
n
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
n
es
(
p
o
s
itio
n
s
w
it
h
v
al
u
es
o
f
o
n
e)
in
th
e
c
h
ec
k
m
atr
ix
.
Fo
r
th
e
c
o
n
v
e
n
ien
ce
o
f
d
etec
tin
g
d
o
u
b
le
er
r
o
r
s
,
th
e
m
atr
ix
H
T
w
ith
=
4
is
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
(
b
u
ilt
)
b
y
ad
d
in
g
th
e
s
u
m
o
f
all
t
h
e
r
em
a
in
i
n
g
r
o
w
s
to
th
e
la
s
t
r
o
w
(
t
h
e
co
d
e
p
r
o
p
er
ties
d
o
n
o
t
ch
an
g
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
is
)
.
As
a
r
es
u
lt,
t
h
e
to
t
al
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
n
es
i
n
t
h
e
m
atr
ix
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
a
n
d
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
u
s
ef
u
l
p
r
o
p
er
ties
ap
p
ea
r
:
all
co
lu
m
n
s
ac
q
u
ir
e
o
d
d
w
ei
g
h
t,
th
er
e
f
o
r
e,
s
y
n
d
r
o
m
es
o
f
all
s
i
n
g
le
-
b
it
er
r
o
r
s
h
av
e
a
n
o
d
d
w
ei
g
h
t,
an
d
d
o
u
b
le
-
b
it
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r
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r
s
y
n
d
r
o
m
es
h
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e
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ev
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n
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ig
h
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e
r
o
w
s
co
n
tai
n
th
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s
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m
e
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u
m
b
er
o
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e
s
,
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h
ich
en
s
u
r
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th
e
u
n
i
f
o
r
m
i
t
y
o
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s
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u
ctu
r
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o
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d
in
g
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d
d
e
co
d
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g
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ch
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m
e
s
o
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th
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s
y
n
d
r
o
m
e
w
h
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ea
ch
s
y
n
d
r
o
m
e
is
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
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ep
ar
atel
y
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Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
s
h
o
r
ten
i
n
g
a
co
d
e
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
l
u
m
n
s
,
an
d
f
o
r
th
e
co
d
e
(
8
,
4
)
w
e
g
e
t:
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
,
w
e
s
h
o
u
ld
ex
cl
u
d
e
th
e
co
lu
m
n
s
in
th
e
ch
ec
k
m
atr
i
x
H
T
w
i
th
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
n
es,
s
in
ce
ea
c
h
o
n
e
in
th
e
m
a
tr
ix
is
r
ea
lized
b
y
an
XO
R
g
at
e.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
n
es
in
th
e
H
T
m
atr
i
x
lead
s
to
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
a
n
d
a
n
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
i
n
th
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
e
n
co
d
in
g
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d
d
ec
o
d
in
g
cir
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its
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Seco
n
d
l
y
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to
in
cr
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s
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th
e
p
r
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ab
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t
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in
g
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it
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n
ec
es
s
ar
y
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ex
clu
d
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co
lu
m
n
s
i
n
th
e
H
T
m
atr
ix
i
n
s
u
c
h
a
w
a
y
as
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
f
a
ls
e
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
r
ee
er
r
o
r
s
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
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m
p
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tr
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d
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g
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mmin
g
co
d
e
a
n
d
u
s
in
g
th
e
r
ep
lica
tio
n
meth
o
d
t
o
p
r
o
tect
…
(
W
a
el
To
g
h
u
j
)
2539
(
7
)
I
t a
ls
o
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
m
is
s
-
d
etec
ti
n
g
f
o
u
r
er
r
o
r
s
:
(
8
)
Her
e,
n
is
t
h
e
le
n
g
th
o
f
th
e
s
h
o
r
ten
ed
co
d
e.
B
4
-
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
w
o
r
d
s
t
h
at
w
eig
h
t
s
4
i
n
t
h
e
s
h
o
r
te
n
ed
co
d
e.
T
h
is
is
t
h
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
f
o
u
r
er
r
o
r
s
w
i
th
ze
r
o
s
y
n
d
r
o
m
e,
a
n
d
ea
ch
f
o
u
r
-
er
r
o
r
ca
s
e
th
at
c
h
ar
ac
ter
ize
s
f
o
u
r
t
y
p
es
o
f
th
r
ee
er
r
o
r
s
i
s
f
a
ls
el
y
d
ec
o
d
ed
.
T
h
is
is
d
u
e
to
t
h
e
f
ac
t
t
h
at
s
o
m
e
er
r
o
r
s
o
f
m
u
ltip
licit
y
o
f
3
,
5
,
7
,
etc.
ar
e
tak
en
as
s
i
n
g
le
er
r
o
r
s
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
m
u
lt
ip
le
er
r
o
r
s
s
y
n
d
r
o
m
e
m
a
y
co
in
cid
e
w
it
h
th
e
i
-
th
co
lu
m
n
o
f
th
e
m
a
tr
ix
H
T
,
an
d
s
o
m
e
er
r
o
r
s
o
f
m
u
ltip
lici
t
y
4
,
6
,
8
,
etc.
ar
e
n
o
t
d
etec
ted
at
all
s
in
ce
th
eir
s
y
n
d
r
o
m
e
i
s
eq
u
al
to
ze
r
o
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
b
y
ex
cl
u
s
io
n
o
f
ce
r
tain
co
l
u
m
n
s
,
o
n
e
c
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
co
r
r
ec
t
d
ec
o
d
in
g
.
Fo
r
th
is
,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
th
at
t
h
e
s
h
o
r
te
n
ed
m
a
tr
ix
H
T
in
ea
ch
r
o
w
s
h
o
u
ld
h
av
e
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
n
es
i
f
p
o
s
s
ib
le,
an
d
al
s
o
i
n
s
u
b
m
a
tr
i
x
C
,
i
n
ea
c
h
co
l
u
m
n
th
er
e
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
a
n
o
d
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
n
e
s
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
,
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
r
e
s
u
l
ts
a
s
cr
ite
r
ia
to
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
th
e
o
p
ti
m
al
w
ei
g
h
t
o
f
co
l
u
m
n
s
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
en
h
a
n
ci
n
g
th
e
d
ata
r
eliab
ili
t
y
ag
ai
n
s
t
s
o
f
t
er
r
o
r
s
,
w
e
o
b
tain
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
eq
u
atio
n
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
m
is
s
-
d
etec
tin
g
f
o
u
r
-
b
it e
r
r
o
r
s
:
4
=
2
4
2
4
=
2
4
2
(
+
2
+
[
2
]
)
4
(
9
)
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
T
h
e
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
th
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
d
o
n
e
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
th
r
ee
cr
iter
ia:
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
it
er
r
o
r
s
(
)
th
at
ca
n
b
e
d
etec
ted
an
d
co
r
r
ec
ted
,
r
ef
lectin
g
t
h
e
f
a
u
lt
to
ler
an
ce
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
o
f
th
e
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
an
d
m
is
d
etec
t
io
n
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
r
ate
/
r
ef
lecti
n
g
t
h
e
a
m
o
u
n
t o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
ed
u
n
d
an
c
y
ad
d
ed
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
lex
it
y
o
f
en
co
d
in
g
an
d
d
ec
o
d
in
g
s
ch
e
m
es,
r
ef
lec
tin
g
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
h
ar
d
w
ar
e,
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e,
an
d
ti
m
e
r
ed
u
n
d
an
c
y
ad
d
ed
.
As
m
en
t
io
n
ed
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
g
i
v
es
t
h
e
ab
ilit
y
o
f
a
s
y
s
te
m
(
co
m
p
u
ter
,
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
s
y
s
te
m
,
e
tc.
)
to
co
n
tin
u
e
o
p
er
atin
g
w
it
h
o
u
t
in
ter
r
u
p
tio
n
w
h
en
o
n
e
-
,
t
w
o
-
,
o
r
t
h
r
ee
-
b
it
er
r
o
r
s
o
cc
u
r
in
th
e
co
d
e
w
o
r
d
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
i
n
v
esti
g
atio
n
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
to
d
et
ec
t
f
o
u
r
-
b
it
er
r
o
r
s
(
=
4
)
.
A
d
is
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
m
a
n
y
o
f
th
e
SE
C
-
DE
D
co
d
es
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
th
e
liter
at
u
r
e
is
th
e
m
i
s
s
-
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
an
d
m
is
s
-
d
etec
t
io
n
o
f
s
o
m
e
b
i
t
er
r
o
r
s
,
ef
f
ec
ti
v
el
y
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
t
h
e
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
s
e
co
d
es
in
a
m
e
m
o
r
y
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.
6
2
2
2
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
0
.
3
6
3
4
A
m
e
m
o
r
y
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
w
as
b
u
ilt
to
s
i
m
u
late
th
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
alit
y
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e.
W
e
ass
u
m
ed
th
at
e
v
er
y
co
d
e
wo
r
d
n
c
o
n
tain
s
1
6
d
ata
b
its
an
d
6
ch
ec
k
b
its
(
=
22
)
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
ar
tif
iciall
y
in
s
er
t
s
er
r
o
r
s
in
to
th
e
co
d
ew
o
r
d
.
W
h
en
th
e
r
ea
d
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
s
tar
ts
,
th
e
d
ec
o
d
in
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
g
e
n
er
ates
th
e
v
al
u
es
o
f
s
y
n
d
r
o
m
es
S
an
d
p
ar
ities
P
f
o
r
th
e
f
ir
s
t
an
d
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
co
d
e
w
o
r
d
s
.
Dep
en
d
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
B
o
o
lean
(
5
)
,
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
f
ir
m
s
t
h
at
all
ca
s
e
s
o
f
t
h
r
ee
-
b
it
er
r
o
r
p
atter
n
s
in
t
h
e
d
ata
s
eg
m
e
n
t
w
i
ll
n
o
t a
f
f
ec
t t
h
e
d
ata
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
,
t
h
e
co
r
r
ec
t v
al
u
es g
et
p
as
s
ed
to
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
o
u
tp
u
t.
In
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
w
it
h
SE
C
-
DE
D,
DA
E
C
an
d
B
C
H
DE
C
co
d
es,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
h
o
w
s
r
elativ
el
y
e
x
ce
lle
n
t
m
u
ltip
le
er
r
o
r
s
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies,
an
d
at
th
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
th
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
al
s
i
m
p
li
f
icatio
n
an
d
th
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
g
ate
d
ela
y
s
i
n
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
s
c
h
e
m
es
al
lo
w
s
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
o
f
d
ata
at
a
f
aster
r
ate
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
ov
er
all
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
i
m
p
ac
ts
o
f
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
s
c
alin
g
ar
e
lead
in
g
to
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
in
r
eliab
ili
t
y
ag
ai
n
s
t
s
o
f
t
er
r
o
r
s
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
co
s
m
ic
r
ad
iatio
n
.
Fo
r
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
r
eliab
il
it
y
u
n
d
er
s
u
c
h
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
,
t
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
esen
ts
a
tech
n
iq
u
e
t
h
at
p
r
o
v
id
es
h
i
g
h
er
r
o
r
-
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
h
i
g
h
s
p
ee
d
,
an
d
lo
w
co
m
p
lex
i
t
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
en
s
u
r
es
th
at
o
n
l
y
co
r
r
ec
t
v
alu
es
g
et
p
ass
ed
to
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
o
u
tp
u
t
o
r
ar
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
,
in
s
p
ite
o
f
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
u
p
to
th
r
ee
-
b
it
er
r
o
r
s
(
d
≤
3
)
i
n
co
d
e
w
o
r
d
s
,
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
h
ig
h
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
-
b
it
s
o
f
t
er
r
o
r
d
etec
tio
n
(
f
o
r
m
=
1
6
,
P
(
d
t
=
4
)
=
0
.
9
9
9
4
)
.
Su
ch
a
s
o
lu
tio
n
h
a
s
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
b
o
th
p
r
o
tectio
n
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
T
h
e
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
r
es
u
lt
s
in
d
icat
e
s
t
h
at
u
s
i
n
g
a
m
o
d
i
f
ied
Ha
m
m
in
g
co
d
e
(
d
e
p
en
d
in
g
o
n
ab
o
v
e
cr
iter
ia)
,
w
ith
a
s
i
m
p
le
s
ch
e
m
e
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ate
s
f
o
r
g
e
n
er
atin
g
co
n
tr
o
l
s
i
g
n
als,
ca
n
ac
h
iev
e
g
o
o
d
er
r
o
r
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies.
A
t t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
it c
an
s
av
e
a
h
i
g
h
-
lev
el
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
v
a
lu
e.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
T.
He
ij
m
e
n
,
“
Ra
d
iatio
n
In
d
u
c
e
d
S
o
f
t
Err
o
rs
in
Dig
it
a
l
Circu
it
s:
A
L
it
e
ra
tu
re
S
u
rv
e
y
,”
P
h
il
i
p
s
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
Na
tl
.
L
a
b
.
,
Ne
th
e
rlan
d
s.
Re
p
o
rt
n
u
m
b
e
r:
8
2
8
,
2
0
0
2
.
[2
]
C.
M
e
rten
s,
B.
Kre
ss
,
M.
W
il
tb
e
rg
e
r,
W.
T
o
b
isk
a
,
B.
G
ra
je
ws
k
i
,
X.
Xu
,
“
A
t
m
o
sp
h
e
ri
c
io
n
izi
n
g
ra
d
iatio
n
f
ro
m
g
a
lac
ti
c
a
n
d
so
lar co
sm
ic ra
y
s
,”
C
u
rre
n
t
T
o
p
ics
i
n
I
o
n
izi
n
g
Ra
d
iatio
n
Re
se
a
rc
h
,
In
T
e
c
h
,
p
p
.
6
8
3
-
7
3
8
,
2
0
1
2
.
[3
]
M.
Jo
h
n
s
o
n
-
G
ro
h
,
“
NA
S
A
S
tu
d
ies
Co
s
m
ic
Ra
d
iatio
n
to
P
r
o
tec
t
Hig
h
-
A
lt
it
u
d
e
T
ra
v
e
lers
,”
N
A
S
A
'
s
G
o
d
d
a
rd
S
p
a
c
e
F
li
g
h
t
Ce
n
ter
,
20
17
.
[
On
l
in
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
s://
w
ww
.
n
a
sa
.
g
o
v
/f
e
a
tu
re
/g
o
d
d
a
rd
/
2
0
1
7
/
n
a
sa
-
stu
d
ies
-
c
o
sm
ic
-
ra
d
iatio
n
-
to
-
p
ro
tec
t
-
h
ig
h
-
a
lt
it
u
d
e
-
trav
e
lers
/.
[4
]
E.
No
rm
a
n
d
,
“
S
in
g
le
-
Ev
e
n
t
Eff
e
c
ts
in
A
v
io
n
ics
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Nu
c
lea
r
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
43
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
4
6
1
-
474
,
1
9
9
6
.
[5
]
T.
P
h
il
li
p
s
,
“
Ra
d
s
o
n
a
P
lan
e
:
Ne
w
R
e
su
lt
s
,
”
2
0
1
8
.
[
On
li
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
s:/
/sp
a
c
e
w
e
a
th
e
ra
rc
h
iv
e
.
c
o
m
/
2
0
1
8
/
1
0
/
0
4
/ra
d
s
-
on
-
a
-
p
lan
e
-
n
e
w
-
re
su
lt
s/.
[6
]
P.
Bra
d
ley
,
“
T
h
e
e
ff
e
c
ts
o
f
c
o
s
m
i
c
ra
d
iatio
n
o
n
im
p
lan
tab
le
m
e
d
ica
l
d
e
v
ice
s
,”
Ra
d
ia
t
io
n
'
9
6
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
h
a
n
d
b
o
o
k
,
S
y
d
n
e
y
,
v
o
l.
56
,
1
9
9
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
18
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
2
5
3
3
-
2542
2542
[7
]
L.
Claro
,
A.
S
il
v
a
,
J.
S
a
n
to
s,
S.
No
g
u
e
ira,
A
.
Ba
rrio
s
,
“
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
so
f
t
e
rro
rs
ra
te
in
a
c
o
m
m
e
rc
ial
m
e
m
o
r
y
EE
P
ROM
,”
2
0
1
1
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
N
u
c
lea
r A
tl
a
n
ti
c
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
-
INAC
2
0
1
1
,
2
0
1
1
.
[8
]
G.
L
i,
S.
Ha
ri,
M.
S
u
ll
iv
a
n
,
T.
T
sa
i,
K.
P
a
t
tab
iram
a
n
,
J.
E
m
e
r,
S.
Ke
c
k
ler
,
“
Un
d
e
rsta
n
d
in
g
e
rro
r
p
ro
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
in
d
e
e
p
lea
rn
in
g
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
rk
(
DN
N)
a
c
c
e
lera
to
rs
a
n
d
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,”
S
C
'1
7
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
fo
r Hi
g
h
Per
fo
rm
a
n
c
e
Co
mp
u
t
in
g
,
Ne
two
rk
i
n
g
,
S
t
o
ra
g
e
a
n
d
An
a
lys
is
,
De
n
v
er
,
2
0
1
7
.
[9
]
R.
Ba
u
m
a
n
n
,
“
S
o
f
t
e
rro
rs
in
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
c
o
m
p
u
ter
sy
ste
m
s
,”
IEE
E
De
sig
n
a
n
d
T
e
st
o
f
C
o
mp
u
ter
s
,
v
o
l.
22
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
2
5
8
–
2
6
6
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
0
]
I.
Zac
z
y
k
,
“
I
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
c
o
s
m
i
c
ra
d
iatio
n
o
n
a
v
iatio
n
re
li
a
b
il
it
y
a
n
d
s
a
fe
t
y
,”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
p
p
li
e
d
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
c
ie
n
c
e
,
v
o
l.
11
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
1
7
-
2
2
3
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
1
]
F.
S
h
u
g
u
a
n
g
,
G.
S
h
a
n
ta
n
u
,
A.
An
sa
ri,
S.
M
a
h
lk
e
,
“
S
h
o
e
stri
n
g
:
P
ro
b
a
b
i
li
stic
so
f
t
-
e
rro
r
re
sili
e
n
c
e
o
n
th
e
c
h
e
a
p
,”
Pro
c
.
1
5
th
I
n
t.
C
o
n
f.
o
n
Arc
h
i
tec
tu
ra
l
S
u
p
p
o
rt
fo
r
Pr
o
g
ra
mm
in
g
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
s
a
n
d
Op
e
ra
t
in
g
S
y
ste
ms
.
ACM
S
IGPL
AN
N
o
ti
c
e
s
,
P
it
tsb
u
rg
h
,
2
0
1
0
.
[1
2
]
H.
W
a
n
g
,
K.
Zh
a
o
,
M.
L
v
,
X.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
H.
S
u
n
,
T.
Z
h
a
n
g
,
“
Im
p
ro
v
in
g
3
D
DRA
M
F
a
u
lt
T
o
lera
n
c
e
T
h
ro
u
g
h
W
e
a
k
Ce
ll
Aw
a
r
e
Err
o
r
Co
rre
c
ti
o
n
,
”
IE
EE
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
C
o
mp
u
ter
s
,
v
o
l.
66
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
8
2
0
–
8
3
3
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
3
]
K.
Zh
a
n
g
,
Y.
M
a
n
z
a
w
a
,
K.
Ko
b
a
y
a
sh
i
,
“
I
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
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y
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ias
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e
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lera
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f
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lk
a
n
d
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il
ico
n
o
n
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h
i
n
BOX
stru
c
t
u
re
in
6
5
-
n
m
p
ro
c
e
ss
,”
2
0
1
4
IE
EE
I
n
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Relia
b
il
it
y
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y
sic
s S
y
mp
o
siu
m
,
W
a
ik
o
l
o
a
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
4
]
D.
Ko
b
a
y
a
sh
i,
K.
Hiro
se
,
T.
Ito
,
Y.
Ka
k
e
h
a
sh
i,
O.
Ka
w
a
s
a
k
i,
T.
M
a
k
in
o
,
T.
Oh
sh
im
a
,
D.
M
a
tsu
u
ra
,
T.
Na
rit
a
,
M.
Ka
to
,
S.
Ish
ii
,
K.
M
a
su
k
a
w
a
,
“
He
a
v
y
-
Io
n
S
o
f
t
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o
rs
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n
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c
k
-
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e
d
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h
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BOX
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RA
M
s:
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n
d
re
d
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ld
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e
n
siti
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it
y
Du
e
to
L
in
e
-
Ty
p
e
M
u
lt
ice
ll
U
p
se
ts,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Nu
c
le
a
r
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
65
,
n
o
.
1
,
pp.
5
2
3
-
532
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
5
]
K.
Zh
a
n
g
,
S.
Um
e
h
a
ra
,
J.
Ya
m
a
g
u
c
h
i,
J.
F
u
r
u
ta,
K.
Ko
b
a
y
a
sh
i
,
“
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
so
f
t
e
rro
r
ra
tes
in
6
5
-
a
n
d
2
8
-
n
m
FD
-
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OI
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ro
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e
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p
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d
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g
o
n
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re
g
io
n
t
h
ick
n
e
ss
a
n
d
b
o
d
y
b
ias
b
y
M
o
n
te
-
Ca
rlo
b
a
se
d
sim
u
latio
n
s
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Nu
c
lea
r
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l.
63
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
0
0
2
–
2
0
0
9
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
6
]
W.
Zh
a
n
g
,
“
Re
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
Ca
c
h
e
:
A
S
m
a
ll
F
u
ll
y
A
ss
o
c
iativ
e
Ca
c
h
e
to
Im
p
ro
v
e
Da
ta
Ca
c
h
e
Re
li
a
b
il
it
y
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ter
s
,
v
o
l.
54
,
n
o
.
12
,
p
p
.
1
5
4
7
-
1
5
5
5
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
7
]
N.
Oh
,
P.
S
h
irv
a
n
i,
E.
M
c
Clu
sk
e
y
,
“
Err
o
r
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
b
y
d
u
p
li
c
a
ted
in
stru
c
ti
o
n
s
in
su
p
e
r
-
sc
a
lar
p
ro
c
e
ss
o
rs,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Relia
b
il
i
ty
,
v
o
l.
51
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
63
-
75
,
2
0
0
2
.
[1
8
]
W
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
S
.
G
u
ru
m
u
rth
i,
M
.
Ka
n
d
e
m
ir,
a
n
d
A
.
S
iv
a
su
b
ra
m
a
n
ia
m
,
“
ICR:
In
-
c
a
c
h
e
r
e
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
e
n
h
a
n
c
i
n
g
d
a
ta
c
a
c
h
e
re
li
a
b
il
it
y
,
”
2
0
0
3
I
n
te
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
De
p
e
n
d
a
b
le
S
y
ste
ms
a
n
d
Ne
two
rk
s
,
S
a
n
F
ra
n
c
is
c
o
,
2
0
0
3
.
[1
9
]
J.
Hu
,
S.
W
a
n
g
,
S.
Zi
a
v
ra
s
,
“
On
th
e
e
x
p
l
o
it
a
ti
o
n
o
f
n
a
rro
w
-
w
id
t
h
v
a
lu
e
s
f
o
r
im
p
ro
v
in
g
re
g
ister
fil
e
re
li
a
b
il
it
y
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Ver
y
L
a
rg
e
-
S
c
a
le
In
teg
r
a
ti
o
n
(
VL
S
I)
S
y
ste
m
s
,
v
o
l.
17
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
9
5
3
–
9
6
3
,
2
0
0
9
.
[2
0
]
R.
W
.
Ha
m
m
in
g
,
“
Err
o
r
Co
rre
c
ti
n
g
a
n
d
Err
o
r
De
tec
ti
n
g
Co
d
e
s
,”
Bell
S
y
ste
m
T
e
c
h
n
ica
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
,
v
o
l.
29
,
n
o
.
2
,
pp.
1
4
7
-
160
,
1
9
5
0
.
[2
1
]
M.
Hs
iao
,
“
A
Clas
s
o
f
Op
ti
m
a
l
M
in
im
u
m
Od
d
-
we
ig
h
t
c
o
lu
m
n
S
EC
-
DED
c
o
d
e
s
,”
IBM
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
R
e
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
De
v
e
lo
p
me
n
t
,
v
o
l.
14
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
9
5
-
4
0
1
,
1
9
7
0
.
[2
2
]
A.
K
a
z
e
m
in
e
jad
,
“
F
a
st,
M
in
ima
l
De
c
o
d
in
g
Co
m
p
lex
it
y
,
S
y
ste
m
a
ti
c
(1
3
,
8
)
S
i
n
g
le
-
e
rro
r
-
c
o
rre
c
ti
n
g
c
o
d
e
s
f
o
r
On
-
c
h
ip
DRA
M
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,”
I
E
E
E
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
L
e
tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l.
37
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
4
3
8
-
4
4
0
,
2
0
0
1
.
[2
3
]
A
.
A
b
d
u
ll
a
h
Ha
m
d
o
o
n
,
Zai
d
G
h
a
n
im
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
,
Em
a
d
A
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
, “
De
si
g
n
a
n
d
im
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
sin
g
le b
it
e
rro
r
c
o
rre
c
ti
o
n
li
n
e
a
r
b
lo
c
k
c
o
d
e
sy
ste
m
b
a
se
d
o
n
F
P
G
A
,”
T
EL
KOM
NIKA
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
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o
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tro
l
,
”
v
o
l
.
17
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
7
8
5
-
1
7
9
5
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
4
]
M.
De
m
irci,
P.
Re
v
iri
e
g
o
,
J.
M
a
e
stro
,
“
Un
e
q
u
a
l
e
rro
r
p
ro
tec
ti
o
n
c
o
d
e
s
d
e
riv
e
d
f
ro
m
d
o
u
b
le
e
r
ro
r
c
o
rre
c
ti
o
n
o
rth
o
g
o
n
a
l
L
a
ti
n
s
q
u
a
re
c
o
d
e
s
,”
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Co
mp
u
ter
s
,
v
o
l.
65
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
2
9
3
2
–
2
9
3
8
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
5
]
A.
Du
tt
a
,
N.
T
o
u
b
a
,
“
M
u
l
ti
p
le
Bi
t
Up
se
t
T
o
lera
n
t
M
e
m
o
r
y
Us
in
g
a
S
e
lec
ti
v
e
C
y
c
le
Av
o
id
a
n
c
e
Ba
se
d
S
EC
-
DED
-
DA
EC
Co
d
e
,”
2
5
t
h
IEE
E
VL
S
I
T
e
st S
y
mm
p
o
siu
m
,
p
p
.
3
4
9
–
3
5
4
,
2
0
0
7
.
[2
6
]
G.
N
g
u
y
e
n
,
“
Err
o
r
-
De
tec
ti
o
n
Co
d
e
s:
A
l
g
o
rit
h
m
s
a
n
d
F
a
st
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
,
”
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
C
o
m
p
u
ter
s
,
v
o
l.
54
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
–
11
,
2
0
0
5
.
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