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2]
.
Pen
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P
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Utar
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R
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I
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.
T
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[9
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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[
1
6
]
.
S
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Fig
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2
.
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[
1
7
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[
1
8
]
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[
1
9
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2
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[
2
1
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[
2
2
]
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p
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[
2
3
]
.
−
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o
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t
cir
cu
it c
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(
I
s
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m
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f
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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1
6
9
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2
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3
,
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n
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g
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t
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h
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tim
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e
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Pier
o
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n
o
t.
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llo
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g
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ex
p
la
n
atio
n
o
f
th
e
d
ata
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llectio
n
f
lo
w
c
h
ar
t in
Fig
u
r
e
4
:
−
"Star
t"
is
u
s
ed
to
s
tar
t a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
th
at
will b
e
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o
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−
T
h
en
ass
em
b
lin
g
th
e
s
o
lar
ce
ll sy
s
tem
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d
m
ea
s
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r
in
g
d
ev
ice
s
u
s
in
g
s
en
s
o
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s
.
−
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r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
test
in
g
th
e
s
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lar
ce
ll sy
s
tem
wh
en
ch
ar
g
in
g
th
e
b
atter
y
.
−
T
h
er
e
ar
e
two
f
ir
s
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
wh
en
test
in
g
a
s
o
lar
ce
ll
s
y
s
tem
b
y
th
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
,
a
n
d
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
an
aly
s
is
d
ata
o
f
v
o
ltag
e,
cu
r
r
e
n
t
an
d
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
d
etec
ted
b
y
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
ar
e
b
y
th
e
s
tan
d
a
r
d
s
o
f
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
d
ev
ices su
ch
as d
ig
ital m
u
ltim
eter
s
s
o
th
e
d
ata
ca
n
b
e
an
aly
z
ed
.
−
W
h
er
ea
s
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
i
f
in
th
is
s
o
lar
ce
ll
s
y
s
tem
test
,
th
e
s
o
lar
ce
ll
d
o
es
n
o
t
o
p
er
at
e
p
r
o
p
er
ly
an
d
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
o
f
v
o
ltag
e,
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
th
at
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
r
ea
d
s
d
o
es
n
o
t
m
atch
th
e
d
ig
ital
m
u
ltime
ter
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
in
s
tr
u
m
en
t
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
,
th
is
s
o
lar
ce
ll
s
y
s
tem
tes
tin
g
m
u
s
t
r
ep
air
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
cir
cu
it
an
d
ca
lib
r
atio
n
.
−
Vo
ltag
e,
C
u
r
r
en
t
,
an
d
T
em
p
e
r
atu
r
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
ar
e
ca
r
r
ie
d
o
u
t
f
o
r
f
iv
e
e
x
p
er
im
e
n
ts
,
an
d
d
ata
r
etr
iev
al
is
tak
en
ev
er
y
o
n
e
m
i
n
u
te.
−
"Co
m
p
leted
"
in
th
e
d
ata
c
o
llec
tio
n
f
lo
w
ch
a
r
t in
d
icate
s
th
e
e
n
d
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
th
at
h
as b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
R
esear
ch
f
lo
w
c
h
ar
t
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Data
co
llectio
n
f
lo
w
ch
ar
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
P
o
ten
tia
ls
o
f so
la
r
p
o
w
er p
la
n
t in
Wa
r
u
Tu
a
(
A
in
S
a
h
a
r
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)
3269
3.
R
E
SU
L
T
S
A
N
D
A
N
A
L
Y
SIS
3
.
1
.
L
ig
ht
inte
ns
it
y
m
e
a
s
urem
ent
re
s
ult
s
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ar
e
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
d
ata
co
llectio
n
d
iag
r
a
m
t
h
at
I
d
id
f
r
o
m
Ma
r
ch
1
3
-
Ap
r
il
1
5
,
2
0
1
9
,
in
th
e
v
illag
e
o
f
W
ar
u
T
u
a.
B
ased
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
ws
th
at
t
h
e
av
er
a
g
e
lev
el
o
f
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
th
e
lig
h
t
in
ten
s
ity
d
ata
is
9
0
,
0
0
0
L
u
x
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
clu
d
e
d
th
at
t
h
e
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
in
th
e
W
ar
u
T
u
a
Pier
is
v
er
y
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
b
ein
g
u
s
ed
as
an
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
f
o
r
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
.
T
h
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
lig
h
t
in
ten
s
ity
d
ata
to
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
is
8
0
,
0
0
0
L
u
x
,
an
d
if
th
e
r
esu
ltin
g
d
ata
is
less
th
an
8
0
,
0
0
0
L
u
x
,
th
en
th
e
ar
ea
is
n
o
t
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
.
B
ec
au
s
e
th
e
d
ata
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
ws
a
n
av
er
ag
e
f
ig
u
r
e
o
f
9
0
,
0
0
0
L
u
x
,
it
is
v
er
y
p
o
ten
tial
e
n
er
g
y
th
a
t
ca
n
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
to
b
e
u
s
ed
as a
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
at
W
ar
u
T
u
a'
s
p
ier
[
2
4
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
L
i
g
h
t
in
ten
s
ity
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t r
esu
lts
3
.
2
.
So
la
r
po
wer
pla
n
s
im
ula
t
io
n us
ing
M
A
T
L
A
B
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
is
a
s
er
ies
o
f
d
es
ig
n
s
o
f
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
d
esig
n
Simu
latio
n
with
MA
T
L
AB
a
p
p
licatio
n
as
f
o
llo
ws
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
s
er
ies
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
is
a
s
er
ies
o
f
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
la
nt
s
d
esig
n
s
im
u
latio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
MA
T
L
AB
ap
p
licatio
n
.
I
n
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
,
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
u
s
es
th
e
Simu
lin
k
f
ea
tu
r
e
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
s
d
esig
n
s
im
u
latio
n
wo
r
k
s
y
s
tem
i
s
th
e
in
s
tallatio
n
o
f
s
o
lar
ce
lls
th
at
ar
e
in
s
talled
to
t
alin
g
6
4
s
o
lar
ce
lls
.
T
h
en
in
th
e
cir
cu
it,
th
e
r
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
m
ain
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
n
a
m
ely
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
en
s
o
r
a
n
d
v
o
ltag
e
s
en
s
o
r
wh
o
s
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
to
d
etec
t
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
in
s
talled
s
o
lar
ce
ll
[
2
6
]
.
Af
t
er
th
at,
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
will
p
ass
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
r
esis
to
r
wh
o
s
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
as
a
r
eg
u
lato
r
in
lim
itin
g
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
f
lo
win
g
in
th
e
cir
cu
it,
an
d
th
en
th
e
r
esis
to
r
is
co
n
n
ec
te
d
with
a
co
n
v
e
r
ter
th
at
s
er
v
es
to
c
h
an
g
e
t
h
e
AC
in
to
DC
[
2
7
]
.
I
n
th
e
cir
cu
it
s
y
s
tem
,
th
e
r
e
is
an
E
lectr
ical
R
ef
er
en
ce
w
h
o
s
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
to
p
r
o
tect
ag
ain
s
t
leak
ag
e
o
r
o
v
er
lo
ad
i
n
g
.
E
lectr
icity
will
f
l
o
w
d
ir
ec
tly
to
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
,
th
en
en
ter
t
h
e
So
lv
e
r
C
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
wh
o
s
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
to
s
et
th
e
to
ler
an
ce
o
n
Simu
lin
k
[
2
8
]
.
T
ab
le
1
is
a
s
et
o
f
s
o
lar
ce
ll si
m
u
latio
n
s
u
s
ed
in
th
e
tr
i
al
as f
o
llo
ws.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
So
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
s
er
ies
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
T
E
L
KOM
NI
KA
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l Co
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
1
8
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
32
66
-
32
75
3270
T
ab
le
1
.
Simu
latio
n
o
f
s
o
lar
c
ells
o
n
Simu
lin
k
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
S
o
l
a
r
C
e
l
l
I
r
r
a
d
i
a
n
c
e
(
L
u
x
)
La
b
e
l
1
0
0
W
P
1
0
3
8
.
8
5
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
,
p
o
w
e
r
1
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
7
9
4
.
7
4
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
2
,
p
o
w
e
r
2
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
2
6
4
1
.
4
8
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
3
,
p
o
w
e
r
3
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
3
5
0
7
.
9
7
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
4
,
p
o
w
e
r
4
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
4
2
6
0
.
4
6
3
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
5
,
p
o
w
e
r
5
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
5
7
8
.
1
3
1
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
6
,
p
o
w
e
r
6
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
6
1
5
0
W
P
1
0
3
8
.
8
5
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
7
,
p
o
w
e
r
7
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
7
7
9
4
.
7
4
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
8
,
p
o
w
e
r
8
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
8
6
4
1
.
4
8
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
9
,
p
o
w
e
r
9
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
9
5
0
7
.
9
7
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
0
,
p
o
w
e
r
1
0
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
0
2
6
0
.
4
6
3
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
1
,
p
o
w
e
r
1
1
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
1
7
8
.
1
3
1
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
2
,
p
o
w
e
r
1
2
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
2
2
0
0
W
P
1
0
3
8
.
8
5
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
3
,
p
o
w
e
r
1
3
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
3
7
9
4
.
7
4
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
4
,
p
o
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e
r
1
4
,
v
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l
t
a
g
e
1
4
6
4
1
.
4
8
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
5
,
p
o
w
e
r
1
5
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
5
5
0
7
.
9
7
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
6
,
p
o
w
e
r
1
6
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
6
2
6
0
.
4
6
3
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
7
,
p
o
w
e
r
1
7
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
7
7
8
.
1
3
1
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
8
,
p
o
w
e
r
1
8
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
8
2
5
0
W
P
1
0
3
8
.
8
5
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
1
9
,
p
o
w
e
r
1
9
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
1
9
7
9
4
.
7
4
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
2
0
,
p
o
w
e
r
2
0
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
2
0
6
4
1
.
4
8
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
2
1
,
p
o
w
e
r
2
1
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
2
1
5
0
7
.
9
7
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
2
2
,
p
o
w
e
r
2
2
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
2
2
2
6
0
.
4
6
3
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
2
3
,
p
o
w
e
r
2
3
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
2
3
7
8
.
1
3
1
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
2
4
,
p
o
w
e
r
2
4
,
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
2
4
3
.
3
.
So
la
r
ce
ll c
ircuit
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
s
er
ies
o
f
s
o
lar
ce
lls
u
s
ed
in
th
e
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
d
esig
n
s
im
u
latio
n
is
as
f
o
llo
ws
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
So
,
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
is
a
s
er
ies
o
f
s
o
lar
ce
ll
s
to
talin
g
6
4
s
o
lar
ce
lls
.
T
h
e
s
er
ie
s
o
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[1
]
L.
H.
M
.
Cicih
a
n
d
E.
He
ra
wa
n
d
i
h
,
“
Th
e
Im
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icro
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le
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n
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,
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AS
EA
N
J
.
Co
mm
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n
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.
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.
2
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p
.
2
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5
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0
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2
0
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[2
]
T.
Wi
n
a
rk
o
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Co
st
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Be
n
e
fit
An
a
ly
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tratio
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a
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d
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t
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Im
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o
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F
re
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S
tab
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ty
:
Ca
se
S
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n
tral
Ka
li
m
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tan
S
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ste
m
,
”
2
0
1
9
IEE
E
PE
S
In
n
o
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ti
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S
ma
rt
Gr
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T
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h
n
o
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,
I
S
GT
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,
p
p
.
1
7
0
0
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7
0
5
,
2
0
1
9
.
[3
]
Y.
M
.
Ch
o
li
l
y
,
A.
I
n
’a
m
,
S
.
I
n
g
a
n
a
h
,
a
n
d
M
.
M
.
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i
,
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Th
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rn
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Ce
ll
E
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tri
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g
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tu
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ts i
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Ju
n
io
r
Hig
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S
c
h
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,
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En
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rg
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Eco
n
.
L
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.
,
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.
6
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
7
-
2
2
,
2
0
1
9
.
[4
]
J.
F
a
d
il
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Re
n
e
wa
b
le
E
n
e
rg
y
An
a
ly
sis
o
f
Un
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
Vill
a
g
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Us
in
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S
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-
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n
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Co
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Vill
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Ho
m
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r,
”
Pro
c
.
o
f
In
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c
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o
n
NAM
ES
,
p
p
.
2
9
0
-
294
,
2
0
1
6
.
[5
]
D.
L.
P
o
p
a
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
si
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W
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p
o
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g
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ATLAB
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-
2
0
1
6
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EE
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ter
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,
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.
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.
[6
]
P
.
Ja
iswa
l,
S
.
K.
S
ri
v
a
sta
v
a
,
a
n
d
K.
B.
S
a
h
a
y
,
“
M
o
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n
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M
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ter
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me
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in
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0
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6
,
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.
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6
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1
6
.
[7
]
C.
Be
rth
o
d
,
R
.
S
tra
n
d
b
e
rg
,
G
.
H.
Yo
rd
a
n
o
v
,
H.
G
.
Be
y
e
r,
a
n
d
J.
O.
Od
d
e
n
,
“
On
t
h
e
Va
riab
il
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
Tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
Co
e
fficie
n
ts o
f
m
c
-
S
i
S
o
lar Cells
with
Irra
d
ia
n
c
e
,
”
En
e
rg
y
Pro
c
e
d
i
a
,
v
o
l.
9
2
,
p
p
.
2
-
9
,
2
0
1
6
.
[8
]
R.
P
ra
k
a
sh
a
n
d
S
.
S
i
n
g
h
,
“
De
sig
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
M
o
d
e
ll
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n
g
o
f
S
o
lar
P
h
o
to
v
o
lt
a
ic
Ce
ll
a
n
d
Arra
y
,
”
IOS
R
J
.
El
e
c
tr.
El
e
c
tro
n
.
En
g
.
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
3
5
-
4
0
,
2
0
1
6
.
[9
]
M
.
Ca
tela
n
i,
L.
Cian
i
,
M
.
K.
Ka
z
imie
rc
z
u
k
,
a
n
d
A.
Re
a
tt
i,
“
M
a
tl
a
b
P
V
so
lar
c
o
n
c
e
n
trat
o
r
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
p
re
d
icti
o
n
b
a
se
d
o
n
tri
p
le j
u
n
c
ti
o
n
so
lar ce
ll
m
o
d
e
l,
”
M
e
a
s
.
J
.
In
t.
M
e
a
s.
C
o
n
f
e
d
.
,
v
o
l.
8
8
,
p
p
.
3
1
0
-
3
1
7
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
0
]
M
.
S
.
H
o
ss
a
in
,
N.
K.
Ro
y
,
a
n
d
M
.
O.
Ali,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
o
f
so
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
lt
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ic sy
ste
m
u
si
n
g
M
ATLAB/S
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li
n
k
,
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1
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h
In
ter
n
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t
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fer
e
n
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C
o
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ter
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n
d
In
f
o
rm
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ti
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n
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ICCIT
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6
,
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p
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[1
1
]
C.
Ik
e
d
i
,
“
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tal
S
t
u
d
y
o
f
Cu
rre
n
t
-
Vo
lt
a
g
e
Ch
a
ra
c
teristics
fo
r
F
i
x
e
d
a
n
d
S
o
lar
Trac
k
i
n
g
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ics
S
y
ste
m
s,”
Rec
e
n
t
De
v
e
lo
p
me
n
ts i
n
Ph
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic M
a
ter
ia
ls
a
n
d
De
v
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s
,
2
0
1
9
.
[1
2
]
H.
M
.
Am
in
a
n
d
N.
A.
M
a
wl
o
o
d
,
“
A
Ne
w
sp
e
c
i
e
s
o
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th
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,
An
th
o
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ra
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m
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rd
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n
-
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,
”
Ku
r
d
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n
J
.
A
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.
Res
.
,
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l.
2
,
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o
.
1
,
p
p
.
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5
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6
7
,
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0
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7
.
[1
3
]
K.
S
h
e
n
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Cd
Te
so
lar
c
e
ll
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
u
n
d
e
r
l
o
w
-
in
ten
sity
li
g
h
t
irrad
ian
c
e
,
”
S
o
l.
En
e
rg
y
M
a
ter
.
S
o
l.
Ce
ll
s
,
v
o
l.
1
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4
,
p
p
.
4
7
2
-
4
8
0
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
4
]
Q.
Li
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Co
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
stu
d
y
o
f
G
a
As
a
n
d
Cd
Te
so
lar
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m
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n
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e
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n
d
e
r
lo
w
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n
ten
sit
y
li
g
h
t
ir
ra
d
ian
c
e
,
”
S
o
l.
En
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l.
1
5
7
,
p
p
.
2
1
6
-
2
2
6
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
5
]
R.
G
a
ll
e
a
n
o
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Re
su
lt
s
o
f
th
e
F
ift
h
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
p
e
c
tro
ra
d
i
o
m
e
ter
Co
m
p
a
riso
n
fo
r
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
S
o
lar
S
p
e
c
tral
Irra
d
ian
c
e
M
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
ts
a
n
d
Re
l
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ted
Im
p
a
c
t
o
n
Re
fe
re
n
c
e
S
o
lar
Ce
ll
Ca
li
b
ra
ti
o
n
,
”
IEE
E
J
.
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
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ics
,
v
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l
.
6
,
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o
.
6
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p
p
.
1
5
8
7
-
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5
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7
,
2
0
1
6
.
[1
6
]
H.
Wan
g
a
n
d
J.
S
h
e
n
,
“
An
a
l
y
sis
o
f
th
e
Ch
a
ra
c
teristics
o
f
S
o
lar
Ce
ll
Arra
y
Ba
se
d
o
n
M
ATLAB/S
i
m
u
li
n
k
i
n
S
o
la
r
Un
m
a
n
n
e
d
Ae
rial
Ve
h
icle
,
”
IEE
E
Acc
e
ss
,
v
o
l.
6
,
p
p
.
2
1
1
9
5
-
2
1
2
0
1
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
7
]
T.
Kh
a
ti
b
,
A.
G
h
a
re
e
b
,
M
.
Tam
imi,
M
.
Ja
b
e
r,
a
n
d
S
.
Ja
ra
d
a
t,
“
A
n
e
w
o
ffli
n
e
m
e
th
o
d
fo
r
e
x
trac
ti
n
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V
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h
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ra
c
teristic
c
u
rv
e
fo
r
p
h
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t
o
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o
lt
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ic m
o
d
u
les
u
sin
g
a
rti
ficia
l
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
two
rk
s
,
”
S
o
l.
E
n
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l.
1
7
3
,
p
p
.
4
6
2
-
4
6
9
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
8
]
T.
Kh
a
ti
b
,
W.
El
m
e
n
re
ich
,
a
n
d
A.
M
o
h
a
m
e
d
,
“
S
imp
li
fied
I
-
V
c
h
a
ra
c
teristic
tes
ter
fo
r
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
a
ic
m
o
d
u
les
u
sin
g
a
DC
-
DC b
o
o
st
c
o
n
v
e
rter,”
S
u
sta
i
n
.
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
4
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
9
]
M
.
A.
G
h
a
se
m
i,
A.
Ra
m
y
a
r,
a
n
d
H.
Im
a
n
-
Ei
n
i,
“
M
P
P
T
M
e
th
o
d
f
o
r
P
V
S
y
ste
m
s
u
n
d
e
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ll
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h
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d
e
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b
y
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p
p
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ima
ti
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g
I
-
V C
u
rv
e
,
”
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EE
T
ra
n
s.
I
n
d
.
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e
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tro
n
.
,
v
o
l.
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5
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o
.
5
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p
p
.
3
9
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6
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7
5
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
0
]
L.
Co
jo
c
a
ru
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
De
term
in
a
ti
o
n
o
f
u
n
i
q
u
e
p
o
we
r
c
o
n
v
e
rsio
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e
ffi
c
ien
c
y
o
f
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lar ce
ll
sh
o
wi
n
g
h
y
ste
re
sis in
t
h
e
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-
V
c
u
rv
e
u
n
d
e
r
v
a
rio
u
s li
g
h
t
i
n
ten
sit
i
e
s,”
S
c
i.
Rep
.
,
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
1
]
F
.
F
.
M
u
h
a
m
m
a
d
,
A.
W.
Ka
rim
S
a
n
g
a
wi,
S
.
Ha
sh
im,
S
.
K.
G
h
o
sh
a
l
,
I.
K.
Ab
d
u
ll
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h
,
a
n
d
S
.
S
.
Ha
m
e
e
d
,
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S
imp
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a
n
d
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fficie
n
t
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stim
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ti
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n
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tec
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iq
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e
,
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o
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On
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v
o
l
.
1
4
,
n
o
.
5
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
2
]
M
.
Li
b
ra
,
V.
P
o
u
le
k
,
a
n
d
P
.
Ko
u
řím,
“
Tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
o
f
I
-
V
c
h
a
ra
c
teristics
o
f
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h
o
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o
v
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c
e
ll
s
a
s
a
c
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t
h
e
F
e
rm
i
e
n
e
rg
y
lev
e
l
sh
ift
,
”
Res
.
Ag
ric
.
En
g
.
,
v
o
l
.
6
3
,
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o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
0
-
1
5
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
3
]
B.
P
a
v
iet
-
S
a
lo
m
o
n
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
Ac
c
u
ra
te
De
term
in
a
ti
o
n
o
f
P
h
o
t
o
v
o
lt
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ic
Ce
ll
a
n
d
M
o
d
u
le
P
e
a
k
P
o
we
r
fro
m
Th
e
ir
C
u
rre
n
t
-
Vo
lt
a
g
e
Ch
a
ra
c
teristics
,
”
IEE
E
J
.
Ph
o
to
v
o
l
ta
ics
,
v
o
l
.
6
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
5
6
4
-
1
5
7
5
,
2
0
1
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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.
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A M
ATLAB
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5
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A.
H.
Ali,
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S
.
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m
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n
d
A.
A
.
Ab
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q
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se
d
o
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M
ATLAB
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m
u
latio
n
,
”
In
t.
J
.
El
e
c
tr.
C
o
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u
t.
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g
.
,
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.
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p
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8
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4
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8
.
[2
6
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B.
P
.
Na
y
a
k
a
n
d
A.
S
h
a
w,
“
De
sig
n
o
f
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P
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n
d
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g
M
ATLAB
S
im
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ly
sis,”
2
0
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s
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.
[2
7
]
W.
S
h
a
h
a
n
d
R.
L.
Biate
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
S
imu
latio
n
o
f
S
o
lar
P
V
M
o
d
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l
Us
in
g
M
a
tl
a
b
/S
imu
li
n
k
,
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n
t.
J
.
S
c
i.
En
g
.
Res
.
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l.
7
,
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8
]
T.
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e
lmi
a
n
d
R.
Be
lg
h
o
u
th
i,
“
A
n
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lar ce
ll
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t.
J
.
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n
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n
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.
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l.
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p
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[2
9
]
A.
Ra
i,
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Aw
a
sth
i
,
A.
Di
x
it
,
a
n
d
C.
K.
Dw
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e
d
i,
“
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o
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riatio
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t
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sin
g
M
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li
n
k
,
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ICCCCM
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