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s
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P
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b
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n
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P
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ce
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P
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u
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tib
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Vac
cin
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tio
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T
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is
is
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CC B
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C
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p
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A
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r
:
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s
ter
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m
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T
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tirto
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R
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Yo
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I
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d
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E
m
ail:
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id
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s
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to
@
g
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ai
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o
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
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Sin
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t
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f
ir
s
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ti
m
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h
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co
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n
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(
S
AR
S
-
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2
)
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p
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d
w
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lat
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2
0
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in
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,
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h
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co
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tr
ies
.
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n
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y
a
f
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w
m
o
n
t
h
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later
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th
i
s
v
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s
h
as
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lted
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p
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k
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th
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D
-
19
p
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m
ic.
Sin
ce
it
w
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s
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t
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C
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1
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h
as
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th
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v
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p
le
m
en
ted
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I
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Go
v
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e
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t to
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-
19
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tar
ti
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g
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lar
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[
1
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.
A
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Vac
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C
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[
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s
[
3
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.
V
ac
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r
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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s
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e
-
t
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[
4
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Vac
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t
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m
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a
[
5
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–
[
8
]
.
E
s
p
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C
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1
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p
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[
9
]
.
T
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Scien
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a
cin
g
a
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ain
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to
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n
s
p
r
o
v
en
t
o
b
e
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f
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tiv
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[
1
0
]
.
T
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s
cien
tific
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v
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y
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eg
ar
d
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C
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19
v
ac
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s
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p
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[
1
1
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en
tl
y
,
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
a
v
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t
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AR
S
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o
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-
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d
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i
s
a
p
r
io
r
it
y
to
en
d
t
h
e
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an
d
e
m
ic.
B
ased
o
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th
e
D
ec
r
ee
o
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th
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Mi
n
is
ter
o
f
Hea
lth
o
f
th
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R
ep
u
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I
n
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esia
N
u
m
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e
r
HK.
0
1
.
0
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/ME
NKE
S/
1
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7
5
8
/2
0
2
0
o
n
th
e
Dete
r
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
T
y
p
es
o
f
Vac
cin
es
f
o
r
th
e
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
Vac
cin
at
io
n
t
h
at
I
n
d
o
n
esia
s
ti
p
u
lates
s
e
v
e
n
t
y
p
e
s
o
f
v
ac
ci
n
es
to
b
e
u
s
ed
ar
e
v
a
cc
in
es
p
r
o
d
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ce
d
b
y
PT
B
i
o
Far
m
a,
O
x
f
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d
-
Ast
r
aZ
e
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a,
Sin
o
p
h
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m
,
Mo
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n
a,
No
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av
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x
,
P
f
izer
-
B
io
NT
ec
h
,
an
d
Si
n
o
v
ac
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
s
u
cc
es
s
o
f
t
h
i
s
s
tr
ateg
y
ce
r
tain
l
y
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
ac
ce
p
ta
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
v
ac
cin
e
b
y
t
h
e
p
u
b
lic.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
p
u
b
lic
i
n
te
n
tio
n
.
Vac
cin
atio
n
in
ten
t
io
n
is
b
e
h
a
v
io
u
r
al
i
n
te
n
tio
n
s
d
escr
ib
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
t
h
eo
r
y
o
f
p
la
n
n
ed
b
eh
av
io
u
r
(
T
P
B
)
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
th
e
1
9
9
0
s
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
in
ten
tio
n
i
n
d
icate
s
a
p
er
s
o
n
'
s
s
tr
o
n
g
r
ea
d
in
e
s
s
t
o
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
ce
r
tain
b
eh
av
io
u
r
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
v
ac
c
in
atio
n
i
n
ten
tio
n
i
s
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
an
a
n
tece
d
en
t
o
f
t
h
e
ac
t
u
al
b
eh
av
io
u
r
o
f
t
h
e
v
ac
cin
a
tio
n
[
1
4
]
.
I
n
v
ac
ci
n
ati
o
n
in
te
n
tio
n
s
,
o
n
e
th
in
g
t
h
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
eli
m
i
n
ated
is
d
o
u
b
t.
So
it
is
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
to
d
eter
m
in
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
ac
to
r
s
ass
o
c
iated
w
it
h
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
i
n
ten
tio
n
s
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
d
o
u
b
ts
ab
o
u
t
b
ein
g
v
ac
cin
a
ted
[
1
5
]
.
A
s
d
ec
lin
i
n
g
p
u
b
lic
co
n
f
id
en
ce
in
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
ca
n
p
er
s
is
t
in
m
an
y
co
u
n
tr
ies,
s
tr
o
n
g
er
b
eh
av
io
u
r
al
r
esear
c
h
an
d
it
s
a
n
tece
d
en
t
s
n
ee
d
to
b
e
u
n
d
er
ta
k
en
,
esp
ec
ial
l
y
i
n
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia,
w
h
er
e
less
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
h
as
b
ee
n
id
e
n
ti
f
ied
[
1
6
]
.
A
p
ar
t
f
r
o
m
f
ac
to
r
s
s
u
c
h
as
k
n
o
w
l
ed
g
e
[
1
7
]
,
[
1
8
]
,
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
at
io
n
s
[
1
9
]
,
p
o
liti
ca
l
id
eo
lo
g
y
[
2
0
]
,
f
r
a
m
i
n
g
[
2
1
]
,
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
h
ar
i
n
g
[
2
2
]
p
er
ce
p
tu
al
f
ac
to
r
s
also
n
ee
d
to
b
e
tak
en
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t.
B
ec
au
s
e
s
tr
ateg
ies
t
h
at
ar
e
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
i
n
li
m
iti
n
g
th
e
s
p
r
ea
d
o
f
d
is
ea
s
e
an
d
o
p
ti
m
is
e
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
r
ate
s
d
u
r
in
g
a
p
an
d
e
m
ic
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
s
ep
ar
ated
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
t
h
at
t
h
r
iv
e
i
n
t
h
e
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
p
u
b
lic
[
8
]
.
P
er
ce
iv
ed
r
is
k
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
in
f
l
u
e
n
tial
o
n
v
ac
cin
a
ti
o
n
i
n
ten
t
i
o
n
a
m
o
n
g
m
a
n
y
o
t
h
er
i
n
s
tr
u
m
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
e
p
er
ce
iv
ed
r
is
k
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
i
s
t
h
e
f
ea
r
a
n
d
w
o
r
r
y
[
2
3
]
th
at
a
p
er
s
o
n
f
ee
ls
ab
o
u
t
th
e
v
u
ln
er
ab
ilit
y
o
r
p
o
s
s
ib
le
d
an
g
er
(
b
o
th
to
h
i
m
s
elf
a
n
d
t
h
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t)
t
h
at
w
ill
o
cc
u
r
i
f
n
o
t
v
ac
ci
n
ated
a
n
d
t
h
e
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
o
f
th
e
co
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
lar
g
e
d
ata
s
et
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
h
as
s
h
o
w
n
t
h
at
ap
ar
t
f
r
o
m
r
o
llin
g
,
a
n
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
r
o
le
i
n
v
ar
io
u
s
m
ed
ical
-
r
elate
d
b
eh
a
v
io
u
r
s
.
Su
c
h
a
s
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
o
f
d
is
ea
s
e
s
ev
er
it
y
,
ad
h
er
en
ce
to
tr
ea
t
m
e
n
t
[
2
6
]
,
a
n
d
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
d
ec
is
io
n
s
[
2
7
]
,
p
er
ce
iv
ed
r
is
k
is
also
e
m
p
ir
icall
y
p
r
o
v
en
to
b
e
clo
s
el
y
r
elate
d
an
d
s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
in
f
l
u
en
ce
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
i
n
te
n
tio
n
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
8
]
–
[
3
1
]
.
B
esid
es
p
er
ce
iv
ed
r
i
s
k
,
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
r
esear
c
h
es
h
a
v
e
a
ls
o
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
in
t
h
eir
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
th
a
t
p
er
ce
iv
ed
b
en
ef
it
s
[
3
1
]
–
[
3
6
]
an
d
p
er
ce
iv
ed
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
[
3
7
]
,
[
3
8
]
co
u
ld
also
s
h
ap
e
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
i
n
t
en
tio
n
an
d
d
ec
i
s
io
n
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
p
o
w
er
o
f
ea
ch
d
eter
m
i
n
a
n
t
v
ar
ie
s
ac
r
o
s
s
ea
ch
s
tu
d
y
[
3
9
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
a
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
h
ad
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
th
e
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
an
d
ad
o
p
t
io
n
o
f
in
f
l
u
en
za
[
1
5
]
,
[
4
0
]
,
A
/
H1
N1
[
4
1
]
,
H
P
V
[
4
2
]
–
[
4
4
]
,
Z
ik
a
V
ir
u
s
(
Z
i
k
V)
[
4
5
]
,
an
d
h
ep
atitis
v
ac
cin
e
s
[
4
6
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
u
n
f
o
r
t
u
n
a
tel
y
,
th
er
e
ar
e
s
ti
ll
f
e
w
w
h
o
d
is
c
u
s
s
th
e
C
O
VI
D
-
1
9
v
ac
cin
e
[
4
7
]
,
[
4
8
]
.
T
ak
in
g
t
h
is
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t,
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
a
i
m
s
to
e
x
a
m
in
e
in
te
n
tio
n
i
n
C
O
VI
D
-
19
v
ac
c
in
atio
n
a
n
d
id
en
ti
f
y
f
ac
to
r
s
ass
o
ciate
d
w
ith
it,
s
u
c
h
as
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
o
f
r
is
k
,
b
en
ef
it,
a
n
d
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
p
eo
p
le
o
f
th
e
s
p
ec
ial
r
eg
io
n
o
f
Yo
g
y
a
k
ar
ta.
T
h
u
s
t
h
e
h
y
p
o
th
e
s
i
s
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
is
th
a
t
p
er
ce
iv
ed
r
is
k
(
H1
)
,
p
er
ce
iv
ed
b
en
ef
i
t (
H2
)
,
an
d
p
er
ce
iv
ed
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
(
3
)
h
a
s
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
n
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
in
ten
t
io
n
(
H3
)
,
w
h
ic
h
is
d
es
cr
ib
ed
in
th
e
t
h
eo
r
etica
l
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
o
f
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
eo
r
etica
l f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8806
I
n
t.
J
.
P
u
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci.,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2021
:
906
–
9
1
3
908
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
ai
m
s
to
ex
a
m
i
n
e
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
a
t
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
v
ac
c
in
atio
n
i
n
te
n
tio
n
t
h
eo
r
etica
ll
y
r
ef
er
s
to
T
P
B
[
4
9
]
.
A
n
d
f
r
o
m
T
P
B
'
s
p
o
in
t
o
f
v
ie
w
,
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
is
a
s
tr
o
n
g
p
r
ed
icto
r
o
f
v
a
cc
in
atio
n
in
ten
t
io
n
[
1
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
t
h
is
q
u
a
n
titati
v
e
r
esear
ch
w
i
th
a
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
ti
o
n
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
v
o
l
v
ed
f
o
u
r
r
esear
ch
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
s
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
an
ex
o
g
en
o
u
s
c
o
n
s
tr
u
ct
i
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
p
er
ce
iv
ed
r
is
k
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
th
r
ee
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
ite
m
s
[
5
0
]
,
b
en
ef
it
b
y
t
h
r
ee
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
i
te
m
s
[
4
]
,
an
d
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
by
t
w
o
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
ite
m
s
[
4
]
an
d
an
ex
o
g
e
n
o
u
s
co
n
s
tr
u
c
t
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
v
ac
cin
e
i
n
te
n
tio
n
m
e
asu
r
ed
b
y
t
h
r
ee
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
ite
m
s
[
5
0
]
.
T
h
e
1
1
m
e
asu
r
em
en
t
it
em
s
d
ev
e
l
o
p
e
d
a
r
e
t
h
en
u
s
e
d
as
a
n
o
n
l
in
e
-
b
as
e
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in
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ly
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8
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s
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d
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o
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s
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s
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s
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lt
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m
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f
s
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m
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n
w
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k
w
ell
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ec
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t
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ted
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g
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ir
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m
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5
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d
m
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s
t
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m
in
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m
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a
m
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f
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d
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ar
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d
also
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ti
m
e
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r
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v
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n
t p
er
P
r
ed
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r
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ar
am
eter
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PP
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[
5
4
]
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T
h
e
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ata
is
th
en
u
s
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ata
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RE
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t
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y
r
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l
i
a
b
i
l
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t
y
[
5
7
]
,
[
5
8
]
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
lo
ad
in
g
v
a
lu
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s
h
o
w
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in
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le
1
,
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h
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v
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s
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0
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e
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s
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f
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to
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n
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t
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h
e
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le
if
it
m
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co
m
p
o
s
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te
r
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(
C
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cr
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ter
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w
it
h
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f
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0
w
h
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h
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s
till
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tab
le
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5
]
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w
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0
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7
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[
5
7
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[
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is
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ex
ce
ed
0
.
9
5
[
5
7
]
,
[
6
0
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an
d
als
o
C
r
o
n
b
ac
h
'
s
alp
h
a
(
α
)
p
r
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v
id
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th
at
α
>
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.
7
0
[
6
1
]
.
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h
e
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s
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o
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n
in
T
ab
le
2
in
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icate
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at
th
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9
5
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ls
o
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s
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.
T
ab
le
1
.
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m
ea
s
u
r
ed
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
as
a
co
n
ce
r
n
th
a
t
w
h
en
th
e
y
ar
e
n
o
t
v
ac
cin
a
ted
w
ill
b
e
at
r
is
k
an
d
ar
e
m
o
s
t
li
k
el
y
to
b
e
a
f
f
ec
t
ed
b
y
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
b
o
th
f
o
r
th
e
m
s
el
v
es
an
d
t
h
eir
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
s
s
o
th
at
at
t
h
e
en
d
m
o
r
e
lik
el
y
to
i
n
te
n
d
to
g
et
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
v
ac
ci
n
e
i
f
i
t
i
s
av
a
ilab
le.
P
s
y
c
h
o
lo
g
y
o
f
f
er
s
a
g
e
n
er
al
p
r
o
p
o
s
itio
n
as
a
f
o
r
m
o
f
i
n
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
i
n
ten
tio
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
itio
n
s
tates
th
at
t
h
o
u
g
h
ts
,
f
ee
l
in
g
s
,
a
n
d
r
i
s
k
b
elie
f
s
ca
n
m
o
t
iv
ate
s
o
m
e
o
n
e
to
g
e
t
v
ac
c
in
ated
[
6
8
]
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
p
er
ce
iv
ed
r
is
k
o
n
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
in
te
n
t
io
n
h
a
s
b
ee
n
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
s
tr
o
n
g
er
t
h
a
n
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
r
is
k
[
6
9
]
.
So
b
ased
o
n
th
at
ex
p
la
n
atio
n
,
it
ca
n
b
e
d
ed
u
ce
d
th
at
th
e
m
o
r
e
p
er
ce
iv
ed
r
is
k
o
f
th
e
p
er
s
o
n
f
o
r
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
,
th
e
h
ig
h
er
th
e
in
te
n
tio
n
i
s
to
b
e
v
ac
cin
ated
with
t
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
v
ac
ci
n
e.
T
ab
le
3
.
T
h
e
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
h
y
p
o
th
eses
r
es
u
lt
s
C
o
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
(
β
)
T
-
v
a
l
u
e
R
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su
l
t
P
e
r
c
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sk
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c
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t
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o
n
I
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t
e
n
t
i
o
n
(H
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0
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2
9
0
2
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4
5
6
*
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A
c
c
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p
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r
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c
c
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t
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n
t
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n
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t
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ρ
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n
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f
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c
a
n
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a
t
(
ρ
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
n
t.
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.
P
u
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci.,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2021
:
906
–
9
1
3
910
T
ab
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ip
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D
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t
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A
p
ar
t
f
r
o
m
p
er
ce
iv
ed
r
is
k
,
p
er
ce
iv
ed
b
en
ef
i
t
is
also
co
n
v
in
c
ed
to
b
e
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
a
t
m
o
tiv
at
e
a
p
er
s
o
n
to
g
et
v
ac
cin
ated
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
th
is
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
s
ec
o
n
d
h
y
p
o
th
e
s
is
(
H
2
)
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
"
p
e
r
ce
iv
ed
b
en
ef
it
h
as
a
p
o
s
it
iv
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
n
t
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
v
ac
cin
a
tio
n
in
ten
t
io
n
"
.
W
ith
t
h
e
co
e
f
f
ic
ien
t
v
alu
e
β=
0
.
3
9
4
a
n
d
T
-
v
al
u
e
3
.
8
7
3
w
ith
p
-
v
alu
e=
0
.
0
0
0
,
th
e
b
o
o
ts
tr
ap
p
in
g
r
esu
l
ts
o
n
th
e
S
m
ar
tP
L
S
3
.0
ap
p
licatio
n
p
r
o
v
e
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
H
2
is
ac
ce
p
ted
an
d
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
.
T
h
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
t
h
i
s
s
tu
d
y
i
s
ce
r
tai
n
l
y
i
n
lin
e
w
it
h
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
e
m
p
ir
ical
s
t
u
d
ies
[
3
1
]
–
[
3
6
]
.
T
h
e
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
d
esire
,
w
ill,
an
d
i
n
ten
tio
n
to
b
e
v
ac
cin
ated
i
s
t
h
at
p
eo
p
le
p
er
ce
iv
e
th
at
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
19
v
ac
cin
e
p
r
o
v
id
es
b
en
e
f
its
t
o
th
e
m
.
P
eo
p
le
f
ee
l
th
e
m
s
el
v
es
a
n
d
th
e
p
eo
p
le
ar
o
u
n
d
t
h
e
m
w
i
ll
b
e
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
tecte
d
if
th
e
y
v
ac
ci
n
ate
t
h
e
m
s
el
v
es.
So
f
r
o
m
t
h
is
,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
th
at
p
er
ce
iv
ed
b
en
ef
it
s
ar
e
a
s
tr
o
n
g
p
r
ed
ic
to
r
o
f
v
ac
c
in
at
io
n
i
n
te
n
tio
n
.
S
u
m
m
ar
ize
d
R
es
u
lt
o
f
Dir
ec
t a
n
d
to
tal
ef
f
ec
t p
ath
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
v
ar
iab
les te
s
ted
as sh
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Su
m
m
ar
ized
r
es
u
lt o
f
d
ir
ec
t a
n
d
to
tal
ef
f
ec
t p
ath
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
v
ar
iab
les te
s
ted
An
o
th
er
t
h
in
g
th
a
t
is
clo
s
el
y
r
elate
d
in
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
i
s
th
e
ar
g
u
m
e
n
t
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
th
e
Hea
lth
B
elie
f
Mo
d
el
(
HB
M)
th
eo
r
y
th
at
p
er
ce
iv
ed
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
h
as
a
r
o
le
as
an
a
n
tece
d
e
n
t
t
h
at
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
ig
n
o
r
ed
o
n
v
ac
cin
e
i
n
te
n
tio
n
s
[
7
0
]
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e
th
e
th
ir
d
h
y
p
o
t
h
es
is
(H
3
)
o
f
f
er
ed
in
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
is
p
er
ce
iv
ed
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
h
as
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
a
n
d
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
v
ac
ci
n
at
io
n
i
n
te
n
tio
n
.
T
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
β=
0
.
2
3
3
an
d
th
e
T
-
v
alu
e
o
f
3
.
2
3
0
w
it
h
p
-
v
a
lu
e
=0
.
0
0
1
is
ev
id
en
ce
t
h
at
H
3
is
ac
c
ep
ted
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
t
h
i
s
s
tu
d
y
is
ce
r
tai
n
l
y
in
li
n
e
w
it
h
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ie
s
[
3
7
]
,
[
3
8
]
as
w
e
ll
as
th
e
i
m
p
licatio
n
th
at
p
er
ce
iv
ed
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
i
s
a
s
tr
o
n
g
p
r
ed
icto
r
o
f
v
ac
cin
e
in
te
n
tio
n
[
7
1
]
,
[
7
2
]
an
d
ev
en
p
r
ev
e
n
ti
v
e
h
ea
l
th
b
e
h
a
v
io
u
r
[
7
3
]
.
I
t
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at
f
ee
li
n
g
s
an
d
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
o
f
th
e
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
o
f
b
ei
n
g
v
ac
ci
n
ated
w
ill
ca
u
s
e
a
s
tr
o
n
g
d
es
ir
e
to
b
e
v
ac
cin
a
ted
.
An
d
th
e
h
i
g
h
er
th
e
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
o
f
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
,
t
h
e
s
tr
o
n
g
er
t
h
e
v
ac
cin
e
's
i
n
te
n
tio
n
.
T
h
u
s
th
e
o
v
er
all
ex
o
g
en
o
u
s
v
ar
iab
les
i
n
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
i
n
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
p
er
ce
iv
e
d
r
is
k
,
b
e
n
ef
it,
a
n
d
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
i
lit
y
ar
e
s
tr
o
n
g
p
r
ed
icto
r
s
o
f
i
n
ten
tio
n
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
th
eir
p
o
s
itiv
e
a
n
d
s
i
g
n
if
ica
n
t i
m
p
ac
t o
n
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
in
ten
t
io
n
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
ON
Ov
er
all,
t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
s
ee
k
s
to
p
r
o
v
e
an
d
at
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e
e
x
p
lain
h
o
w
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
(
r
is
k
,
b
en
ef
it,
an
d
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
)
ca
n
a
f
f
ec
t
v
ac
c
in
atio
n
in
ten
t
io
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
l
ts
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
b
o
t
h
p
er
ce
iv
ed
r
is
k
,
b
en
e
f
it,
a
n
d
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
ar
e
s
tr
o
n
g
a
n
tec
ed
en
ts
o
r
p
r
ed
icto
r
s
in
in
f
l
u
e
n
cin
g
v
ac
c
in
e
in
ter
est
a
s
h
y
p
o
t
h
esized
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
ca
u
tio
n
in
co
n
cl
u
d
in
g
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
,
g
i
v
e
n
t
h
e
d
ef
ic
ie
n
cies
an
d
li
m
i
tatio
n
s
o
f
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
.
I
t
i
s
clea
r
t
h
at
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
o
n
l
y
co
v
er
s
a
s
m
all
s
a
m
p
le
(
9
8
p
eo
p
le)
in
o
n
e
ar
ea
alo
n
e
(
s
p
ec
ial
r
eg
io
n
o
f
Yo
g
y
a
k
ar
ta)
,
s
o
o
th
er
r
esear
ch
er
s
i
n
t
h
e
f
u
tu
r
e
w
i
ll
n
ee
d
t
h
at
r
esear
ch
w
it
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a
lar
g
er
s
a
m
p
le
a
n
d
b
r
o
ad
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co
v
e
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ag
e.
Sev
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al
o
th
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v
ar
iab
les
m
a
y
also
n
ee
d
to
b
e
in
v
e
s
ti
g
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an
d
th
e
v
ar
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les
in
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
to
g
ai
n
ad
d
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a
l
in
s
i
g
h
t
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eg
ar
d
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g
h
ea
lt
h
b
eh
av
io
u
r
in
t
h
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p
u
b
lic
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
,
e
s
p
ec
iall
y
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
C
OVI
D
-
19
v
ac
cin
a
tio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t.
J
.
P
u
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci.
I
SS
N:
2
252
-
8
806
P
u
b
lic
p
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tio
n
o
n
C
OV
I
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-
1
9
va
cc
in
a
tio
n
in
te
n
tio
n
(
Za
id
)
911
REFEREN
CES
[1
]
M
.
A
.
S
.
P
.
Eraw
a
n
,
Z.
Zaid
,
K.
P
ra
t
o
n
d
o
,
a
n
d
A
.
Y.
L
e
st
a
ri,
“
P
re
d
ictin
g
COV
ID
-
1
9
V
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
In
ten
ti
o
n
:
T
h
e
Ro
le
o
f
He
a
lt
h
Be
li
e
f
M
o
d
e
l
o
f
M
u
slim
S
o
c
ieties
in
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta,
”
Al
-
S
ih
a
h
P
u
b
li
c
He
a
l.
S
c
i.
J
.
,
v
o
l.
1
3
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
36
–
5
0
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
2
4
2
5
2
/
AL
-
S
IH
A
H.V
1
3
I1
.
2
0
6
4
7
.
[2
]
F
.
B.
M
u
h
i
b
,
C
.
J.
P
e
c
e
n
k
a
,
a
n
d
A
.
A
.
M
a
rf
in
,
“
Risk
-
b
a
s
e
d
V
a
c
c
in
e
s
a
n
d
th
e
Ne
e
d
f
o
r
Risk
-
b
a
se
d
S
u
b
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
V
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
S
trate
g
ies
f
o
r
In
tro
d
u
c
ti
o
n
,
”
Cli
n
.
In
fec
t.
Dis.
,
v
o
l.
7
1
,
n
o
.
S
u
p
p
lem
e
n
t_
2
,
p
p
.
S
1
6
5
–
S
1
7
1
,
Ju
l.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
9
3
/cid
/c
iaa
4
8
3
.
[3
]
D.
Jo
ll
e
y
a
n
d
K.
M
.
Do
u
g
las
,
“
T
h
e
e
ff
e
c
ts
o
f
a
n
ti
-
v
a
c
c
in
e
c
o
n
sp
irac
y
th
e
o
ries
o
n
v
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
in
ten
ti
o
n
s,”
PL
o
S
On
e
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
.
e
8
9
1
7
7
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
1
4
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
3
7
1
/j
o
u
rn
a
l.
p
o
n
e
.
0
0
8
9
1
7
7
.
[4
]
M
.
V
rd
e
lj
a
,
V
.
Uč
a
k
a
r,
a
n
d
A
.
K
ra
ig
h
e
r,
“
F
ro
m
m
a
n
d
a
t
o
ry
to
v
o
l
u
n
tary
v
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
:
in
te
n
ti
o
n
to
v
a
c
c
in
a
te
in
th
e
c
a
se
o
f
p
o
li
c
y
c
h
a
n
g
e
s,”
Pu
b
li
c
H
e
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
1
8
0
,
p
p
.
5
7
–
6
3
,
M
a
r.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
p
u
h
e
.
2
0
1
9
.
1
0
.
0
2
6
.
[5
]
E.
Ja
ff
e
,
A
.
D.
Ly
e
rl
y
,
a
n
d
I.
T
.
G
o
ld
f
a
rb
,
“
P
re
g
n
a
n
t
w
o
m
e
n
’s
p
e
rc
e
p
ti
o
n
s
o
f
risk
s
a
n
d
b
e
n
e
f
it
s
wh
e
n
c
o
n
sid
e
ri
n
g
p
a
rti
c
ip
a
ti
o
n
in
v
a
c
c
in
e
tri
a
ls,
”
Va
c
c
in
e
,
v
o
l.
3
8
,
n
o
.
4
4
,
p
p
.
6
9
2
2
–
6
9
2
9
,
Oc
t.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j.
v
a
c
c
in
e
.
2
0
2
0
.
0
8
.
0
5
9
.
[6
]
B.
S
.
H
o
o
k
e
r
a
n
d
N.
Z.
M
il
l
e
r,
“
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
h
e
a
lt
h
o
u
tco
m
e
s
in
v
a
c
c
in
a
ted
a
n
d
u
n
v
a
c
c
in
a
ted
c
h
i
ld
re
n
:
De
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
tal
d
e
la
y
s,
a
sth
m
a
,
e
a
r
in
f
e
c
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
g
a
stro
in
tes
ti
n
a
l
d
iso
r
d
e
rs,”
S
AGE
Op
e
n
M
e
d
.
,
v
o
l.
8
,
p
.
2
0
5
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
9
2
5
3
4
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
7
7
/2
0
5
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
9
2
5
3
4
4
.
[7
]
L
.
O.
G
o
stin
,
S
.
A
.
Ka
rim
,
a
n
d
B.
M
a
so
n
M
e
ier,
“
F
a
c
il
it
a
ti
n
g
Ac
c
e
ss
to
a
COV
ID
-
1
9
V
a
c
c
in
e
t
h
ro
u
g
h
G
lo
b
a
l
He
a
lt
h
L
a
w
,
”
J
.
L
a
w,
M
e
d
.
Et
h
ics
,
v
o
l.
4
8
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
6
2
2
–
6
2
6
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
7
7
/1
0
7
3
1
1
0
5
2
0
9
5
8
8
9
2
.
[8
]
C.
A
.
G
id
e
n
g
il
,
A
.
M
.
P
a
rk
e
r,
a
n
d
B.
J.
Zi
k
m
u
n
d
-
F
ish
e
r,
“
T
re
n
d
s
in
risk
p
e
rc
e
p
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
v
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
in
te
n
ti
o
n
s:
A
lo
n
g
it
u
d
i
n
a
l
stu
d
y
o
f
th
e
f
irst
y
e
a
r
o
f
th
e
H1
N1
p
a
n
d
e
m
ic,”
Am.
J
.
Pu
b
li
c
He
a
l
th
,
v
o
l.
1
0
2
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
6
7
2
–
6
7
9
,
A
p
r.
2
0
1
2
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
2
1
0
5
/A
JP
H.
2
0
1
1
.
3
0
0
4
0
7
.
[9
]
D.
M
a
c
io
ro
w
sk
i,
C.
Og
a
u
g
w
u
,
S
.
R.
Du
rv
a
su
la,
R.
Du
rv
a
su
la,
a
n
d
A
.
Ku
n
a
m
n
e
n
i,
“
T
h
e
ra
p
e
u
ti
c
a
n
d
V
a
c
c
in
e
Op
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
COV
ID
-
1
9
:
S
tat
u
s
a
f
ter
6
M
o
n
th
s
o
f
th
e
Dise
a
se
Ou
tb
re
a
k
,
”
S
L
AS
Disc
o
v
e
ry
.
p
.
2
4
7
2
5
5
5
2
2
0
9
7
9
5
7
,
De
c
.
1
5
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
7
7
/2
4
7
2
5
5
5
2
2
0
9
7
9
5
7
9
.
[1
0
]
P
.
P
e
re
tt
i
-
W
a
tel
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
f
u
tu
re
v
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
c
a
m
p
a
ig
n
a
g
a
in
st
COV
ID
-
1
9
a
t
risk
o
f
v
a
c
c
in
e
h
e
sitan
c
y
a
n
d
p
o
li
t
icisa
ti
o
n
,
”
L
a
n
c
e
t
In
fec
t.
Dis.
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
7
6
9
–
7
7
0
,
Ju
l.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
S
1
4
7
3
-
3
0
9
9
(2
0
)3
0
4
2
6
-
6.
[1
1
]
J.
M
c
A
te
e
r,
I.
Yild
iri
m
,
a
n
d
A
.
Ch
a
h
ro
u
d
i
,
“
T
h
e
V
A
CCINES
a
c
t:
De
c
ip
h
e
rin
g
v
a
c
c
in
e
h
e
sitan
c
y
in
th
e
ti
m
e
o
f
COV
ID
-
1
9
,
”
Cli
n
ica
l
I
n
fec
ti
o
u
s
Dise
a
se
s
,
v
o
l.
7
1
,
n
o
.
1
5
.
p
p
.
7
0
3
–
7
0
5
,
J
u
l.
2
8
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
9
3
/
c
id
/cia
a
4
3
3
.
[1
2
]
I.
A
jze
n
,
“
T
h
e
th
e
o
ry
o
f
p
lan
n
e
d
b
e
h
a
v
io
r,
”
Or
g
a
n
.
Beh
a
v
.
Hu
m.
De
c
is.
Pro
c
e
ss
.
,
v
o
l.
5
0
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
7
9
–
2
1
1
,
1
9
9
1
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
0
7
4
9
-
5
9
7
8
(
9
1
)9
0
0
2
0
-
T.
[1
3
]
J.
Bry
e
r,
“
Blac
k
P
a
re
n
ts’
Be
li
e
f
s,
A
tt
it
u
d
e
s,
a
n
d
H
P
V
V
a
c
c
in
e
I
n
te
n
ti
o
n
s,”
Cli
n
.
Nu
rs
.
Res
.
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
6
9
–
3
8
3
,
A
u
g
.
2
0
1
4
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
7
7
/1
0
5
4
7
7
3
8
1
3
4
8
7
7
4
9
.
[1
4
]
L
.
Ou
a
n
d
S
.
D.
Yo
u
n
g
ste
d
t,
“
T
h
e
Ro
le
o
f
V
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
I
n
terv
e
n
ti
o
n
s
t
o
P
r
o
m
o
te
HPV
V
a
c
c
in
e
Up
tak
e
Ra
tes
in
a
Co
ll
e
g
e
-
Ag
e
d
P
o
p
u
lati
o
n
:
a
S
y
ste
m
a
ti
c
Re
v
ie
w
,
”
J
.
Ca
n
c
e
r E
d
u
c
.
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/s
1
3
1
8
7
-
0
2
0
-
0
1
8
0
6
-
1.
[1
5
]
M. P
.
No
w
a
lk
e
t
a
l.
,
“
In
f
lu
e
n
z
a
V
a
c
c
in
e
In
ten
ti
o
n
A
f
ter
a
M
e
d
ica
ll
y
A
tt
e
n
d
e
d
Ac
u
te Re
sp
irato
r
y
In
fe
c
ti
o
n
,
”
He
a
lt
h
Pro
mo
t.
Pra
c
t.
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
5
3
9
–
5
5
2
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
7
7
/1
5
2
4
8
3
9
9
1
8
7
8
2
1
3
7
.
[1
6
]
E.
Ka
ra
f
il
la
k
is
a
n
d
H.
J.
L
a
rso
n
,
“
T
h
e
b
e
n
e
f
it
o
f
th
e
d
o
u
b
t
o
r
d
o
u
b
ts
o
v
e
r
b
e
n
e
f
it
s?
A
s
y
ste
m
a
ti
c
li
tera
tu
re
re
v
ie
w
o
f
p
e
rc
e
iv
e
d
risk
s
o
f
v
a
c
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.
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[2
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.
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10
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Dec
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2021
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–
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H.
Y.
L
e
e
,
a
n
d
S
.
A
b
u
Ba
k
a
r
,
“
T
h
e
u
se
o
f
th
e
h
e
a
lt
h
b
e
li
e
f
m
o
d
e
l
to
a
ss
e
ss
p
re
d
icto
rs
o
f
in
ten
t
t
o
re
c
e
iv
e
th
e
COV
ID
-
1
9
v
a
c
c
in
e
a
n
d
w
il
li
n
g
n
e
ss
to
p
a
y
,
”
Hu
m.
Va
c
c
in
e
s Immu
n
o
th
e
r.
,
v
o
l
.
1
6
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
2
2
0
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–
2
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1
4
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
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1
0
8
0
/
2
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6
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5
5
1
5
.
2
0
2
0
.
1
7
9
0
2
7
9
.
[3
4
]
L
.
B.
M
y
e
rs
a
n
d
R.
G
o
o
d
w
in
,
“
De
ter
m
in
a
n
ts
o
f
a
d
u
lt
s’
in
ten
ti
o
n
to
v
a
c
c
in
a
te
a
g
a
in
st
p
a
n
d
e
m
ic
s
w
in
e
f
lu
,
”
BM
C
Pu
b
li
c
He
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
1
5
,
2
0
1
1
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
8
6
/
1
4
7
1
-
2
4
5
8
-
11
-
15.
[3
5
]
S
.
M
e
h
ro
li
a
,
S
.
A
lag
a
rs
a
m
y
,
a
n
d
J.
S
,
“
A
ss
e
ss
in
g
p
e
rc
e
p
ti
o
n
s
o
f
COV
ID
-
1
9
se
lf
-
p
ro
tec
ti
v
e
m
e
a
su
re
s:
a
stru
c
tu
ra
l
e
q
u
a
ti
o
n
m
o
d
e
li
n
g
(S
EM
)
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
J
.
He
a
l.
Res
.
,
v
o
l.
a
h
e
a
d
-
of
-
p
rin
t
,
n
o
.
a
h
e
a
d
-
of
-
p
ri
n
t,
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
8
/JHR
-
07
-
2
0
2
0
-
0
2
4
4
.
[3
6
]
E.
L
.
T
h
o
m
p
so
n
,
A
.
G
a
r
g
,
A
.
M
.
G
a
lv
in
,
J.
D.
M
o
o
re
,
M
.
L
.
Ka
stin
g
,
a
n
d
C
.
W
.
W
h
e
ld
o
n
,
“
Co
r
re
late
s
o
f
HPV
V
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
In
ten
ti
o
n
s
A
m
o
n
g
Ad
u
lt
s
A
g
e
s
2
7
–
4
5
Ye
a
rs
Old
i
n
t
h
e
U.S
.
,
”
J
.
C
o
mm
u
n
it
y
He
a
lt
h
,
p
p
.
1
–
1
0
,
2
0
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1
,
d
o
i:
1
0
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1
0
0
7
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s1
0
9
0
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0
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0
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8
-
3.
[3
7]
J.
T
.
F
.
L
a
u
,
Z.
W
a
n
g
,
J.
H.
Ki
m
,
M
.
L
a
u
,
C.
H.
Y.
L
a
i,
a
n
d
P
.
K.
H.
M
o
,
“
A
c
c
e
p
tab
il
it
y
o
f
HPV
V
a
c
c
in
e
s
a
n
d
A
s
so
c
iatio
n
s
w
it
h
P
e
rc
e
p
ti
o
n
s
Re
late
d
to
H
P
V
a
n
d
H
P
V
V
a
c
c
in
e
s
Am
o
n
g
M
e
n
W
h
o
Ha
v
e
S
e
x
w
it
h
M
e
n
in
H
o
n
g
Ko
n
g
,
”
PL
o
S
O
n
e
,
v
o
l.
8
,
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o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
-
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0
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3
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d
o
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0
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1
3
7
1
/
jo
u
rn
a
l.
p
o
n
e
.
0
0
5
7
2
0
4
.
[3
8
]
A
.
Ch
a
n
,
B.
Bro
w
n
,
E.
S
e
p
u
l
v
e
d
a
,
a
n
d
L
.
T
e
ra
n
-
Cla
y
to
n
,
“
Ev
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
o
f
f
o
to
n
o
v
e
la
to
in
c
re
a
se
h
u
m
a
n
p
a
p
il
l
o
m
a
v
iru
s
v
a
c
c
in
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
,
a
tt
it
u
d
e
s,
a
n
d
i
n
ten
ti
o
n
s
i
n
a
lo
w
-
in
c
o
m
e
Hisp
a
n
ic
c
o
m
m
u
n
it
y
,
”
B
M
C
Res
.
No
tes
,
v
o
l.
8
,
n
o
.
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,
p
.
6
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5
,
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0
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5
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i:
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1
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/s1
3
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0
4
-
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1
5
-
1
6
0
9
-
7.
[3
9
]
N.
T
.
N
a
n
c
y
Ch
e
n
,
“
P
re
d
ictin
g
V
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
In
ten
t
io
n
a
n
d
Be
n
e
f
it
a
n
d
Risk
P
e
rc
e
p
ti
o
n
s:
T
h
e
In
c
o
rp
o
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
Aff
e
c
t,
T
ru
st,
a
n
d
T
e
lev
isio
n
In
f
lu
e
n
c
e
in
a
Du
a
l
-
M
o
d
e
M
o
d
e
l
,
”
Ri
sk
An
a
l.
,
v
o
l.
3
5
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
1
2
6
8
–
1
2
8
0
,
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
1
1
/ri
sa
.
1
2
3
4
8
.
[4
0
]
E.
P
.
A
r
m
it
a
g
e
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
c
c
e
p
tab
il
it
y
o
f
in
tran
a
sa
l
li
v
e
a
tt
e
n
u
a
t
e
d
in
f
lu
e
n
z
a
v
a
c
c
in
e
,
in
f
lu
e
n
z
a
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
a
n
d
v
a
c
c
in
e
in
ten
t
in
T
h
e
G
a
m
b
ia,”
V
a
c
c
in
e
,
v
o
l.
3
6
,
n
o
.
1
3
,
p
p
.
1
7
72
–
1
7
8
0
,
2
0
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8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/j
.
v
a
c
c
in
e
.
2
0
1
8
.
0
2
.
0
3
7
.
[4
1
]
M
.
S
e
tb
o
n
a
n
d
J.
Ra
u
d
e
,
“
F
a
c
to
rs
in
v
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
i
n
ten
ti
o
n
a
g
a
in
st
th
e
p
a
n
d
e
m
ic
in
f
lu
e
n
z
a
A
/H1
N1
,
”
Eu
r.
J
.
P
u
b
li
c
He
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
4
9
0
–
4
9
4
,
2
0
1
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
9
3
/e
u
rp
u
b
/ck
q
0
5
4
.
[4
2
]
A
.
L
.
Kr
a
w
c
z
y
k
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Hu
m
a
n
p
a
p
il
l
o
m
a
v
iru
s
v
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
i
n
ten
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
u
p
tak
e
in
c
o
ll
e
g
e
w
o
m
e
n
,
”
H
e
a
l.
Psy
c
h
o
l.
,
v
o
l
.
3
1
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
6
8
5
–
6
9
3
,
2
0
1
2
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
3
7
/a
0
0
2
7
0
1
2
.
[4
3
]
V
.
L
.
S
a
n
d
e
rs
T
h
o
m
p
so
n
,
L
.
D.
A
rn
o
ld
,
a
n
d
S
.
R.
No
taro
,
“
Af
ric
a
n
Am
e
rica
n
p
a
re
n
ts’
HP
V
v
a
c
c
i
n
a
ti
o
n
in
ten
t
a
n
d
c
o
n
c
e
rn
s,”
J
.
He
a
lt
h
Ca
re
P
o
o
r U
n
d
e
rs
e
rv
e
d
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
2
9
0
–
3
0
1
,
2
0
1
2
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
3
5
3
/
h
p
u
.
2
0
1
2
.
0
0
0
7
.
[4
4
]
J.
Z.
Ya
n
g
a
n
d
M
.
M
.
P
it
tm
a
n
,
“
T
h
e
S
il
v
e
r
L
in
in
g
o
f
S
h
a
m
e
:
F
ra
m
in
g
HP
V
to
In
f
lu
e
n
c
e
V
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
In
ten
ti
o
n
s,”
He
a
lt
h
C
o
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
3
2
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
9
8
7
–
9
9
4
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
8
0
/
1
0
4
1
0
2
3
6
.
2
0
1
6
.
1
1
9
6
4
2
0
.
[4
5
]
M
.
S
taf
f
o
rd
,
S
.
P
ra
b
h
u
,
S
.
A
.
Eg
e
a
,
M
.
D.
C.
G
.
G
o
n
z
a
lez
,
a
n
d
A
.
K.
S
h
e
tt
y
,
“
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
a
n
d
a
tt
it
u
d
e
s
a
b
o
u
t
z
ik
a
v
iru
s
in
f
e
c
ti
o
n
a
n
d
v
a
c
c
in
e
in
ten
t
a
m
o
n
g
m
e
d
ica
l
stu
d
e
n
ts
in
Co
sta
Rica
,
”
Am.
J
.
T
ro
p
.
M
e
d
.
H
y
g
.
,
v
o
l.
1
0
3
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
2
4
5
3
–
2
4
5
9
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
4
2
6
9
/ajtm
h
.
1
9
-
0
7
4
8
.
[4
6
]
C.
L
iu
,
S
.
Nic
h
o
las
,
a
n
d
J.
W
a
n
g
,
“
T
h
e
a
ss
o
c
iatio
n
b
e
tw
e
e
n
p
r
o
tec
ti
o
n
m
o
ti
v
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
h
e
p
a
ti
ti
s
b
v
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
in
ten
ti
o
n
a
m
o
n
g
m
ig
r
a
n
t
w
o
rk
e
r
s
in
T
ian
ji
n
,
C
h
i
n
a
:
A
c
ro
ss
-
se
c
ti
o
n
a
l
stu
d
y
,
”
BM
C
Pu
b
li
c
He
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
2
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
1
2
1
9
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
8
6
/s1
2
8
8
9
-
020
-
0
9
2
9
2
-
2.
[4
7
]
K.
J.
He
a
d
,
M
.
L
.
Ka
stin
g
,
L
.
A
.
S
tu
rm
,
J.
A
.
Ha
rtso
c
k
,
a
n
d
G
.
D.
Zi
m
e
t,
“
A
Na
ti
o
n
a
l
S
u
rv
e
y
As
se
ss
in
g
S
A
RS
-
Co
V
-
2
V
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
I
n
ten
t
io
n
s:
I
m
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
F
u
t
u
re
P
u
b
li
c
He
a
lt
h
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Ef
f
o
rts,
”
S
c
i
.
Co
mm
u
n
.
,
v
o
l.
4
2
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
6
9
8
–
7
2
3
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
7
7
/1
0
7
5
5
4
7
0
2
0
9
6
0
4
6
3
.
[4
8
]
Y.
Yu
,
J.
T
.
F
.
L
a
u
,
M
.
M
.
C
.
L
a
u
,
M
.
C
.
S
.
W
o
n
g
,
a
n
d
P
.
K.
S
.
C
h
a
n
,
“
Un
d
e
rsta
n
d
in
g
t
h
e
P
re
v
a
len
c
e
a
n
d
A
s
so
c
iate
d
F
a
c
to
rs
o
f
Be
h
a
v
io
r
a
l
In
ten
ti
o
n
o
f
COV
ID
-
1
9
V
a
c
c
in
a
ti
o
n
Un
d
e
r
S
p
e
c
if
ic
S
c
e
n
a
rio
s
Co
m
b
in
i
n
g
Eff
e
c
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
,
S
a
f
e
t
y
,
a
n
d
Co
st
i
n
th
e
Ho
n
g
Ko
n
g
Ch
in
e
se
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
P
o
p
u
lati
o
n
,
”
In
t.
J
.
He
a
l.
Po
li
c
y
M
a
n
a
g
.
,
v
o
l
.
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0
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2
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[6
4
]
J.
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n
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ler,
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.
Hu
b
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5
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6
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E.
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Rig
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.
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.
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.
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[6
7
]
L
.
C.
Ka
rlsso
n
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t
a
l.
,
“
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e
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rin
g
th
e
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ise
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e
c
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COV
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s.
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ivid
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p
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[6
8
]
N.
T
.
Bre
w
e
r,
G
.
B.
Ch
a
p
m
a
n
,
A
.
J.
Ro
th
m
a
n
,
J.
L
e
a
sk
,
a
n
d
A
.
Ke
m
p
e
,
“
In
c
re
a
sin
g
V
a
c
c
in
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ti
o
n
:
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tt
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P
sy
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ica
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c
ien
c
e
In
t
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c
ti
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,
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c
h
o
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c
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u
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li
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In
ter
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7
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5
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.
[6
9
]
O.
Isle
r,
B.
Isl
e
r,
O.
Ko
p
sa
c
h
e
il
is
,
a
n
d
E.
F
e
rg
u
so
n
,
“
L
i
m
it
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o
f
th
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so
c
ial
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b
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n
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it
m
o
ti
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a
m
o
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g
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ig
h
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risk
p
a
ti
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ts:
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f
ield
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x
p
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ri
m
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o
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in
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lu
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n
z
a
v
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c
in
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ti
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e
h
a
v
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r,
”
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C
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b
li
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lt
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,
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o
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[7
0
]
M
.
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.
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re
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d
a
n
d
J.
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.
S
h
e
p
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rd
,
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re
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icti
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g
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n
p
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p
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lo
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tak
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w
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:
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m
p
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n
.
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.
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o
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5.
[7
1
]
M
.
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it
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s
m
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M
.
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z
a
n
ti
,
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.
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m
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d
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.
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a
h
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b
,
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ro
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it
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terv
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[7
2
]
A
.
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.
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n
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t
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l.
,
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rs
in
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h
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a
,
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m
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l:
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c
ro
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y
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”
B
M
C
Ped
ia
tr.
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l.
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2.
[7
3
]
C.
L
.
Jo
n
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s,
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D.
Je
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se
n
,
C.
L
.
S
c
h
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rr,
N.
R.
Bro
w
n
,
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Ch
risty
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n
d
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W
e
a
v
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r,
“
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h
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lt
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Be
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ief
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o
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m
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Re
se
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:
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p
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ra
ll
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rial,
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n
d
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.
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.
8
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3
3
6
3
.
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