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5]
.
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3.
RE
S
UL
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
YSI
S
A
t
ot
a
l
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f
228
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ke
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s
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bl
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ta
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.
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mo
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r
36
15.8
N
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n
-
s
m
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r
192
84.2
T
ot
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l
228
100
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t
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t
100%
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f
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-
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l
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y
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,
r
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o
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126 (
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7]
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[
18]
,
a
n
d
f
o
un
d
t
o
b
e
t
h
e
l
a
r
ge
s
t
a
n
d
s
i
g
ni
f
i
c
a
n
t
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
gr
o
up
[
19
]
.
T
h
e
s
e
wo
ul
d
r
e
pr
e
s
e
n
t
t
h
e
s
uc
c
e
s
s
f
u
l
i
nf
l
u
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
a
dve
r
t
i
s
e
m
e
n
t
by
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
t
o
t
h
e
y
o
un
g
s
t
e
r
s
[
8]
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
l
a
c
k
o
f
pe
r
c
e
pt
i
o
n
o
f
h
a
r
m
f
u
l
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
a
m
o
n
g
s
t
M
a
l
a
y
s
i
a
ns
,
hi
g
h
e
r
a
f
f
o
r
da
bil
i
t
y
,
e
a
s
y
a
va
i
l
a
bil
i
t
y
a
n
d
a
c
c
e
s
s
i
b
il
i
t
y
to
to
b
a
c
c
o
pr
o
duc
t
s
i
n
M
a
l
a
ys
i
a
[
19]
.
E
a
s
y
a
va
i
l
a
bil
i
t
y
o
f
c
i
ga
r
e
t
t
e
s
wa
s
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
c
h
a
l
len
g
i
ng
f
a
c
t
o
r
to
qui
t
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
i
n
o
ur
s
t
udy
a
n
d
t
hi
s
m
a
y
s
ugge
s
t
poo
r
l
a
w
e
nf
o
r
c
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
li
a
n
c
e
o
r
e
a
s
y
a
v
a
il
a
bil
i
t
y
o
f
c
h
e
a
p,
s
m
ugg
l
e
d
c
i
ga
r
e
t
t
e
s
[
2
0]
.
Hum
,
e
t
a
l
.
a
l
s
o
r
e
po
r
t
e
d
t
h
a
t
a
10.
0%
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
i
n
pr
i
c
e
wo
ul
d
r
e
s
u
l
t
i
n
a
3.
8%
r
e
duc
t
i
o
n
i
n
c
i
ga
r
e
t
t
e
c
o
n
s
u
m
pt
i
o
n
o
v
e
r
t
h
e
l
o
n
g
-
r
un
i
f
a
nn
ua
l
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
t
a
x
i
nc
r
e
a
s
e
s
we
r
e
m
a
de
,
wh
e
r
e
a
s
F
i
r
e
n
d
i
n
hi
s
s
t
udy
s
h
o
we
d
t
h
a
t
55.
17%
o
f
s
m
o
ke
r
s
u
n
de
r
t
h
e
a
ge
o
f
18
s
h
o
we
d
will
i
ng
n
e
s
s
to
r
e
duc
e
or
qui
t
s
m
o
ki
n
g
if
pr
i
c
e
s
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
[
21]
.
T
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
,
t
h
e
go
v
e
r
nm
e
n
t
s
h
o
u
l
d
r
a
i
s
e
c
i
ga
r
e
t
t
e
pr
i
c
e
s
t
o
r
e
duc
e
c
i
ga
r
e
t
t
e
us
e
,
a
s
r
e
c
o
m
m
e
n
de
d
i
n
t
h
e
W
HO
M
P
O
W
E
R
s
t
r
a
t
e
gy
f
o
r
to
b
a
c
c
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
[
22]
.
F
ur
t
h
e
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
,
s
uc
h
a
s
,
e
s
t
a
bli
s
h
i
ng
a
n
d
s
t
r
e
n
gt
h
e
ni
ng
r
e
gu
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
s
h
o
u
l
d
a
l
s
o
b
e
t
a
ke
n
t
o
pr
e
v
e
n
t
w
h
o
l
e
s
a
l
e
r
s
a
n
d
r
e
t
a
i
l
e
r
s
f
r
o
m
s
e
ll
i
ng
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
pr
o
duc
t
s
b
e
l
o
w
a
f
i
xe
d
pr
i
c
e
[
23]
.
A
s
t
ud
y
o
n
t
h
e
pr
e
v
a
l
e
n
c
e
o
f
s
m
o
k
i
ng
a
n
d
i
t
s
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
a
m
o
n
g
u
ni
ve
r
s
i
t
y
s
t
a
f
f
s
,
s
h
o
we
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
m
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
o
f
s
m
o
ke
r
s
a
r
e
m
a
r
r
i
e
d
(
74.
1%
)
f
o
l
l
o
w
e
d
by
s
i
n
g
l
e
(
23.
9%
)
,
di
v
o
r
c
e
d
(
1%
)
a
n
d
w
i
do
we
d
(
1%
)
[
24
]
.
H
o
we
v
e
r
,
i
t
i
s
i
nc
o
ns
i
s
t
e
n
t
w
i
t
h
o
ur
f
i
n
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
a
s
t
ud
y
do
n
e
i
n
S
we
de
n
,
w
hi
c
h
t
h
e
pr
e
v
a
l
e
n
c
e
o
f
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
a
m
o
n
g
d
i
v
o
r
c
e
d
m
a
n
(
49.
3%
)
i
s
hi
g
h
e
r
c
o
m
pa
r
e
d
t
o
unm
a
r
r
i
e
d
m
a
n
(
47.
2%
)
a
n
d
m
a
r
r
ied
m
a
n
(
38.
4%
)
[
25]
.
M
a
r
r
i
a
g
e
o
f
t
e
n
c
o
m
e
s
w
i
t
h
r
e
s
po
n
s
i
b
il
i
t
i
e
s
a
n
d
m
a
r
r
i
e
d
pa
r
t
i
c
i
pa
n
t
s
a
r
e
m
o
r
e
l
i
k
e
l
y
t
o
b
e
r
e
s
t
r
i
c
t
e
d
i
n
t
he
i
r
a
bi
li
t
y
t
o
pur
c
h
a
s
e
c
i
ga
r
e
tt
e
s
[
7]
.
P
o
s
i
t
i
v
e
i
nf
l
ue
n
c
e
o
f
s
o
c
i
a
l
s
uppo
r
t
s
us
t
a
i
n
e
d
o
n
c
e
s
s
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
s
m
o
k
i
ng
a
n
d
li
vi
ng
u
n
d
e
r
a
pa
r
t
i
a
l
o
r
tot
a
l
h
o
m
e
s
m
o
k
i
ng
b
a
n
a
r
e
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
ly
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
s
uc
c
e
s
s
f
u
l
c
e
s
s
a
t
i
o
n
[
26]
,
[
27]
.
T
h
e
a
bs
e
n
c
e
o
f
o
t
h
e
r
s
m
o
ke
r
s
i
n
t
h
e
h
o
us
e
h
o
l
d
i
s
a
l
s
o
a
s
i
g
ni
f
i
c
a
n
t
pr
e
di
c
to
r
[
28]
.
Am
o
n
g
s
uc
c
e
s
s
f
u
l
qu
i
t
t
e
r
s
,
68%
a
r
e
m
a
r
r
i
e
d
o
r
l
ivi
ng
w
i
t
h
a
pa
r
t
n
e
r
a
n
d
t
h
o
s
e
s
u
c
c
e
s
s
f
u
l
qu
i
t
t
e
r
s
a
r
e
m
o
r
e
li
ke
ly
t
o
h
a
ve
r
u
l
e
s
a
ga
i
ns
t
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
i
n
t
h
e
i
r
h
o
m
e
s
.
P
e
o
pl
e
w
h
o
h
a
v
e
a
s
m
o
ke
-
f
r
e
e
h
o
m
e
o
r
w
o
r
kpl
a
c
e
a
r
e
10
t
i
m
e
s
a
s
li
ke
ly
t
o
b
e
s
uc
c
e
s
s
f
u
l
qu
i
t
t
e
r
s
a
s
t
h
o
s
e
wh
o
l
i
ve
i
n
a
h
o
m
e
o
r
wo
r
kpl
a
c
e
w
h
e
r
e
s
m
o
k
in
g
t
ook
p
l
a
c
e
[
29]
.
B
ot
h
wo
r
kpl
a
c
e
a
n
d
h
o
us
e
h
o
l
d
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
r
e
s
t
r
i
c
t
i
o
n
s
we
r
e
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
hi
g
h
e
r
r
a
t
e
s
o
f
c
e
s
s
a
t
i
o
n
a
tt
e
m
pt
s
,
l
o
we
r
r
a
t
e
s
o
f
r
e
l
a
ps
e
i
n
s
m
o
ke
r
s
w
h
o
a
tt
e
m
pt
to
qui
t
[
27]
.
S
m
o
ke
-
f
r
e
e
wo
r
kpl
a
c
e
s
n
o
t
o
nl
y
pr
ot
e
c
t
n
o
n
-
s
m
o
ke
r
s
f
r
o
m
t
he
da
n
ge
r
s
o
f
pa
s
s
i
ve
s
m
o
k
i
ng,
t
h
e
y
a
l
s
o
e
n
c
o
ur
a
ge
s
m
o
ke
r
s
t
o
qu
i
t
o
r
to
r
e
duc
e
c
o
n
s
u
m
pt
i
o
n
,
w
h
e
r
e
t
ot
a
l
ly
s
m
o
ke
-
f
r
e
e
wo
r
kp
l
a
c
e
s
a
r
e
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
r
e
duc
t
i
o
ns
i
n
pr
e
v
a
l
e
nc
e
o
f
s
m
o
k
i
ng
o
f
3.
8%
[
30]
.
F
o
r
t
y
s
i
x
pe
r
c
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
s
m
o
ke
r
s
i
n
a
s
t
ud
y
do
n
e
by
R
a
ú
l
H.
S
a
n
s
o
r
e
s
,
M
.
e
n
C
,
e
t
a
l
.
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
e
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
y
s
m
o
ke
a
t
wo
r
k
.
T
h
e
a
d
m
i
n
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
v
e
s
t
a
f
f
a
n
d
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
r
e
po
r
t
e
d
a
h
i
g
he
r
s
i
g
ni
f
i
c
a
n
t
n
u
m
be
r
o
f
s
ubj
e
c
t
s
wh
o
s
m
o
ke
i
n
t
h
e
i
r
a
r
e
a
s
o
f
wo
r
k
a
nd
t
hi
s
m
i
g
h
t
be
t
h
e
pr
i
va
c
y
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
a
d
mi
ni
s
t
r
a
to
r
s
a
n
d
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
r
s
ha
v
e
to
s
m
o
ke
i
n
t
h
e
i
r
o
f
f
i
c
e
s
[
31]
.
T
h
us
,
hi
g
h
e
r
pr
e
v
a
l
e
n
c
e
o
f
s
m
o
k
i
ng
a
m
o
n
g
t
he
pr
i
va
t
e
wo
r
ke
r
s
i
n
o
ur
s
t
udy
m
i
g
h
t
b
e
du
e
to
t
h
e
o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
a
pr
i
v
a
t
e
wo
r
k
e
n
vi
r
o
nm
e
n
t
,
whi
c
h
m
a
k
e
s
i
t
l
e
s
s
d
i
f
f
i
c
u
l
t
to
e
nf
o
r
c
e
a
n
t
i
-
s
m
o
k
i
ng
r
e
gu
l
a
t
i
o
ns
[
7]
.
S
e
v
e
r
a
l
s
t
udi
e
s
s
h
o
w
t
h
a
t
l
a
w
s
e
nf
o
r
c
e
m
e
n
t
p
l
a
y
s
a
n
im
po
r
t
a
n
t
r
o
l
e
,
whe
r
e
a
1995
F
i
nn
i
s
h
l
a
w
t
h
a
t
pr
o
hi
bi
t
e
d
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
i
n
pu
bli
c
a
r
e
a
s
i
n
wo
r
kp
l
a
c
e
s
(
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
o
pt
i
o
n
o
f
c
r
e
a
t
i
n
g
s
e
pa
r
a
t
e
l
y
ve
n
t
i
l
a
t
e
d
s
m
o
k
i
ng
r
oo
m
s
)
wa
s
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
a
4.
5%
dr
o
p
i
n
pr
e
v
a
len
c
e
o
f
s
m
o
k
i
ng
a
n
d
t
h
r
e
e
f
e
we
r
c
i
ga
r
e
tt
e
s
s
m
o
ke
d
pe
r
da
y
a
m
o
n
g
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
ng
s
m
o
ke
r
s
[
32]
a
n
d
s
t
r
o
n
g
l
o
c
a
l
o
r
di
n
a
n
c
e
s
i
n
C
a
li
f
o
r
ni
a
i
n
1990
-
1
a
r
e
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
a
n
a
bs
o
l
ut
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qui
t
r
a
t
e
(
o
v
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r
t
h
e
pr
e
vi
o
us
s
i
x
m
o
n
t
hs
)
7.
6%
hi
g
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r
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h
a
n
i
n
a
r
e
a
s
w
i
t
h
n
o
wo
r
kpl
a
c
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l
a
ws
[
33]
.
M
a
l
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y
s
i
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s
put
a
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e
f
f
o
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t
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pu
bli
c
p
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s
by
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t
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o
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r
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t
R
e
gul
a
t
i
o
n
u
n
de
r
t
h
e
F
o
o
d
A
c
t
1983
[
34
]
.
T
h
e
r
e
gu
l
a
t
i
o
n
w
hi
c
h
wa
s
i
s
s
ue
d
in
2004
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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8806
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hall
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a
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ar
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.
.
(
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ahin
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.
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.
)
69
a
i
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d
t
o
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gul
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,
a
m
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h
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gs
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s
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k
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nvi
r
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;
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o
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dv
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t
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pr
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d
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po
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p
;
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s
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s
to
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Am
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m
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R
e
gu
l
a
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11
w
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a
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2008
a
n
d
2010
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d
a
t
pr
e
s
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n
t
t
h
e
r
e
a
r
e
up
to
21
publi
c
p
l
a
c
e
s
l
i
s
t
e
d
a
s
s
m
o
ke
-
pr
o
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bi
t
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d
p
l
a
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s
.
Ho
we
v
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r
,
c
o
m
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li
a
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c
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l
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ke
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i
m
p
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t
a
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bl
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t
i
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t
h
e
h
e
a
l
t
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o
f
t
h
e
publi
c
[
35]
a
s
c
i
ga
r
e
t
t
e
s
a
r
e
e
a
s
i
ly
a
v
a
il
a
bl
e
.
Da
vi
d
a
n
d
E
dwa
r
d
r
e
po
r
t
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
r
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a
s
o
n
t
h
a
t
o
n
e
pe
r
s
o
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’
s
s
m
o
k
i
ng,
o
r
e
a
t
i
n
g
o
r
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x
e
r
c
i
s
e
,
mi
g
h
t
po
s
i
t
i
v
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ly
i
n
f
l
ue
n
c
e
a
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i
g
hb
o
r
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s
c
h
o
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a
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o
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p
l
e
a
s
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to
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m
e
t
hi
ng
t
o
ge
t
h
e
r
t
h
a
n
a
l
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e
.
S
m
o
k
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g
a
n
d
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x
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c
i
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y
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w
h
a
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s
s
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i
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l
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c
t
i
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t
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,
b
ut
m
a
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pe
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p
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li
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to
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x
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s
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un
d.
C
o
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v
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ly
,
s
m
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k
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g
a
r
o
un
d
a
n
o
n
-
s
m
o
ke
r
c
a
n
b
e
m
uc
h
l
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s
p
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a
s
a
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t
b
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a
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s
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o
f
t
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d
i
s
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m
f
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r
t
c
a
us
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d
by
s
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c
o
n
d
-
ha
n
d
s
m
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ke
t
o
a
n
o
n
-
s
m
o
ke
r
.
W
o
r
kpl
a
c
e
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
b
a
ns
c
a
us
e
s
40
%
m
o
r
e
li
ke
ly
s
m
o
ke
r
s
t
o
s
m
o
ke
a
l
o
n
e
[
36]
.
T
h
us
a
c
c
o
un
t
i
n
g
f
o
r
t
h
e
hi
g
he
r
pr
e
v
a
l
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n
c
e
o
f
f
e
a
r
t
o
qui
t
s
m
o
k
i
ng
a
m
o
n
g
o
ur
s
m
o
ke
r
s
a
s
t
hi
s
m
a
y
i
n
t
e
r
r
upt
t
h
e
i
r
s
o
c
i
a
l
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
hi
p
s
.
Ov
e
r
t
h
e
y
e
a
r
s
,
we
h
a
v
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u
s
e
d
t
h
e
r
i
s
ks
a
n
d
d
a
n
g
e
r
s
o
f
s
m
o
k
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n
g
t
o
wa
r
ds
h
e
a
l
t
h
a
s
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v
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n
t
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s
t
o
m
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t
i
v
a
t
e
s
m
o
ke
r
s
to
qui
t
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
[
20]
.
M
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
o
f
s
m
o
ke
r
s
(
70%
)
kn
e
w
o
f
t
h
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r
i
s
k
s
a
n
d
da
n
g
e
r
s
o
f
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k
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g
a
n
d
ha
v
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a
l
s
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s
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ds
t
h
a
t
r
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m
i
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d
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d
t
h
e
m
o
f
t
h
e
d
a
n
ge
r
s
o
f
s
m
o
k
i
ng
[
2]
.
Ho
we
v
e
r
,
o
nl
y
15%
o
f
s
m
o
ke
r
s
s
t
o
p
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
de
s
p
i
t
e
80%
o
f
s
m
o
ke
r
s
a
c
kn
o
w
l
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dg
e
d
s
m
o
k
i
ng
a
s
a
c
a
us
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o
f
l
u
n
g
c
a
nc
e
r
a
n
d
t
hi
s
m
a
y
r
e
f
l
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c
t
t
h
a
t
kn
o
wl
e
dge
o
n
t
h
e
d
i
s
a
d
v
a
n
t
a
ge
s
o
f
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
t
o
n
ot
pl
a
y
a
r
o
l
e
i
n
t
h
e
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
to
qui
t
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
i
n
m
o
s
t
s
m
o
ke
r
s
[
37]
.
M
o
r
e
t
h
a
n
50%
o
f
o
ur
s
m
o
ke
r
s
c
l
a
im
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
y
r
e
f
us
e
d
t
o
qui
t
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
du
e
t
o
f
e
a
r
o
f
f
a
i
l
ur
e
.
S
t
udi
e
s
h
a
v
e
s
h
o
w
n
,
o
v
e
r
60%
o
f
s
m
o
ke
r
s
c
l
a
i
m
e
d
t
h
a
t
i
t
wo
ul
d
be
ha
r
d
to
m
a
i
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t
a
i
n
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bs
t
i
ne
n
c
e
i
f
t
h
e
y
qu
i
t
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
[
38]
a
n
d
o
f
t
h
e
m
a
ny
w
h
o
h
a
d
t
r
i
e
d
to
q
u
i
t
i
n
t
h
e
pa
s
t
,
a
l
l
ha
d
do
n
e
s
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o
n
t
h
e
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wn
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ni
t
i
a
t
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a
n
d
s
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v
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a
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de
s
c
r
i
be
d
a
l
a
c
k
o
f
s
uppo
r
t
o
r
a
c
t
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d
i
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o
ur
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ge
m
e
n
t
by
pr
a
c
t
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t
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n
e
r
s
t
o
a
ddr
e
s
s
s
m
o
k
i
ng,
whi
c
h
c
o
n
t
r
i
b
ut
e
to
t
h
e
i
r
f
a
il
ur
e
[
39]
.
T
h
e
s
e
we
r
e
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
e
n
t
wi
t
h
o
ur
f
i
n
d
i
ng
s
w
h
e
r
e
l
a
c
k
o
f
e
n
c
o
ur
a
ge
m
e
n
t
f
r
o
m
h
e
a
l
t
h
pr
o
f
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s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
(
11%
)
a
n
d
f
a
mi
ly
o
r
f
r
i
e
n
ds
(
17%
)
to
s
to
p
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
a
s
t
h
e
c
h
a
ll
e
n
ge
s
.
S
o
c
i
a
l
s
uppo
r
t
i
de
n
t
i
f
i
e
s
pe
r
s
o
ns
w
h
o
wi
ll
b
e
e
n
c
o
ur
a
g
i
n
g
a
b
o
ut
c
e
s
s
a
t
i
o
n
,
f
i
nd
s
“
b
udd
i
e
s
”
w
h
o
a
r
e
a
l
s
o
e
i
t
h
e
r
t
r
y
i
ng
to
qui
t
o
r
h
a
v
e
do
n
e
s
o
,
e
t
c
.
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t
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
s
qu
i
t
r
a
t
e
s
by
a
f
a
c
t
o
r
o
f
1.
3
to
1.
5
[
40]
.
W
h
e
r
e
a
s
,
b
e
h
a
vi
o
r
a
l
t
h
e
r
a
p
y
f
o
c
us
e
s
o
n
b
u
il
d
i
ng
s
k
i
ll
s
t
o
r
e
s
i
s
t
r
e
l
a
ps
e
s
uc
h
a
s
de
v
e
l
o
p
i
ng
i
n
c
o
m
pa
t
i
bl
e
be
h
a
vi
o
r
s
(
e
.
g.
,
e
x
e
r
c
i
s
e
)
,
c
o
pi
n
g
t
h
o
ugh
t
s
,
r
e
f
us
a
l
s
k
il
l
s
,
e
t
c
.
[
41]
.
T
hi
s
t
h
e
r
a
p
y
i
nc
r
e
a
s
e
s
qu
i
t
r
a
t
e
s
by
a
f
a
c
t
or
o
f
1.
5
to
2.
1
[
42
]
,
[
43
]
.
B
uc
z
ko
ws
ki
,
e
t
a
l
.
i
n
t
h
e
i
r
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
ha
s
i
de
n
t
i
f
i
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
t
w
o
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
i
m
po
r
t
a
n
t
f
a
c
to
r
s
t
h
a
t
a
f
f
e
c
t
t
h
e
e
f
f
i
c
a
c
y
o
f
qu
i
t
t
i
n
g
s
m
o
k
i
ng
a
r
e
m
o
t
i
v
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
t
h
e
a
bil
i
t
y
t
o
c
o
pe
wi
t
h
s
i
t
ua
t
i
o
n
s
c
a
u
s
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ng
r
e
l
a
ps
e
,
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
a
t
hi
g
h
m
o
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i
v
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t
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o
n
a
n
d
pe
r
s
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v
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r
a
n
c
e
i
s
n
e
e
d
e
d
to
qui
t
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
[
44]
.
T
h
e
y
a
l
s
o
s
ugge
s
t
t
h
a
t
vi
de
o
pr
e
s
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
ns
a
r
e
t
h
e
s
t
r
o
n
ge
s
t
m
o
t
i
v
a
t
or
to
qui
t
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
w
h
e
n
he
a
l
t
h
i
s
m
a
t
t
e
r
s
a
n
d
a
r
e
s
uc
c
e
s
s
f
u
l
f
o
r
s
m
o
ke
r
s
w
i
t
h
a
l
o
w
r
e
a
d
i
ne
s
s
t
o
qui
t
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
[
45
]
.
H
o
we
v
e
r
,
wh
a
t
e
ve
r
t
h
e
m
e
t
h
o
ds
a
r
e
b
e
i
ng
u
s
e
d
m
a
i
n
t
a
in
t
h
e
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
c
e
s
s
a
t
i
o
n
;
t
h
e
m
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tt
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s
[
46]
.
5.
CONC
L
USI
ON
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3
]
M.
M.
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4
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.
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1
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7
,
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0
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7
.
[3
7
]
H
.
G
.
Ch
e
n
g
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
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l
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b
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d
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,
v
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l
.
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4
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p
.
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-
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,
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0
1
0
.
[3
8
]
R.
M.
K
at
h
r
y
n
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
Pe
rcei
v
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b
arri
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b
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d
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,”
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
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b
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b
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t
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l
.
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4
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p
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2
0
1
6
.
[3
9
]
G.
L
au
ra
an
d
R.
E
l
e
n
a
,
“
T
o
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g
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M
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l
.
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p
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.
[4
0
]
M.
C.
Fi
o
r
e
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
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re
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g
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M
D
:
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.
[4
1
]
J
.
R.
H
u
g
h
e
s
,
“
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h
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,”
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o
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M
ed
.
,
v
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l
.
62
,
p
p
.
22
–
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,
1
9
9
4
.
[4
2
]
T
.
L
an
c
as
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an
d
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.
F.
St
e
a
d
,
“
In
d
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Co
ch
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0
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.
[4
3
]
L
.
F.
St
e
ad
an
d
T
.
L
an
c
as
t
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r
,
“
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ro
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p
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e
Co
ch
r
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Li
b
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)
,
2
0
0
5
.
[4
4
]
K
.
B
u
c
z
k
o
w
s
k
i
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
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t
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o
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o
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,
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e
as
o
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ap
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e
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n
d
mo
d
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f
q
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i
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g
:
r
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mo
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rr
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k
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,”
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a
t
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P
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A
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c
e,
v
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l
.
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,
p
p
.
1353
–
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3
,
2
0
1
4
.
[4
5
]
J.
Bro
w
n
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
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n
O
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l
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n
e
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o
c
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men
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l
m
t
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ral
Po
p
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(4
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k
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)
:
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co
t
i
n
e
&
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b
a
cco
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r
ch
,
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(5
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p
.
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.
[4
6
]
J
.
R.
H
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g
h
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,
“
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,”
J
G
en
In
t
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r
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M
ed
.
,
v
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s
s
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:
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)
,
p
p
.
1
0
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3
–
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0
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7
,
2
0
0
3
.
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