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t
r
e
m
e
we
a
t
h
e
r
a
n
d
c
l
im
a
t
e
c
ha
n
ge
s
,
dr
o
ugh
t
s
a
n
d
w
il
d
f
i
r
e
,
c
o
a
s
t
a
l
e
r
o
s
i
o
n
,
e
nvi
r
o
nm
e
n
t
a
l
a
n
d
c
he
m
i
c
a
l
h
a
z
a
r
ds
[
3,
4]
.
H
o
we
v
e
r
,
t
h
e
l
a
c
k
o
f
i
n
a
de
qua
c
y
o
f
f
i
na
n
c
e
a
n
d
l
o
g
i
s
t
i
c
s
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l
im
i
t
e
d
i
n
t
e
r
-
s
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t
o
r
i
a
l
c
o
l
l
a
b
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
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n
d
c
o
o
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di
n
a
t
i
o
n
,
i
na
de
qua
t
e
s
ur
v
e
il
l
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
l
a
c
k
o
f
e
a
r
l
y
de
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
/
r
e
po
r
t
i
n
g,
l
a
c
k
o
f
c
o
m
mi
t
m
e
n
t
,
we
a
k
c
a
pa
bil
i
t
i
e
s
(
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
,
r
o
l
e
s
a
n
d
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
n
c
e
s
)
,
we
a
k
h
e
a
l
t
h
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
n
d
l
a
c
k
pe
r
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o
n
n
e
l
a
t
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h
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o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
l
e
v
e
l
s
,
a
n
d
v
e
t
e
r
i
n
a
r
y
pu
bl
i
c
h
e
a
l
t
h
s
e
r
vi
c
e
s
a
s
we
ll
a
s
po
or
r
e
s
o
ur
c
e
s
,
l
a
c
k
o
f
c
o
h
e
r
e
n
t
r
i
s
k
a
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
e
m
e
r
ge
n
c
y
r
e
s
po
n
s
e
p
l
a
n
s
[
1
,
3
,
5]
.
C
oo
r
di
n
a
t
e
d
p
l
a
nni
n
g
a
n
d
r
e
s
po
n
s
e
m
e
c
h
a
ni
s
m
s
,
pr
ude
n
t
b
udge
t
a
l
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
l
e
ga
l
f
r
a
m
e
wo
r
ks
f
o
r
di
s
a
s
t
e
r
m
a
n
a
ge
m
e
n
t
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
a
ddr
e
s
s
e
d
by
b
o
t
h
l
o
c
a
l
go
v
e
r
nm
e
n
t
s
a
n
d
ke
y
pa
r
t
n
e
r
s
t
o
w
a
r
ds
c
o
h
e
r
e
n
t
a
n
d
s
us
t
a
i
n
a
bl
e
d
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
pr
e
pa
r
e
dn
e
s
s
a
n
d
r
e
s
po
n
s
e
pr
o
gr
a
m
s
a
n
d
a
c
t
i
vi
t
i
e
s
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
dr
o
ugh
t,
f
a
mi
ne
,
f
l
o
o
ds
a
n
d
c
o
nf
li
c
t
s
to
o
u
t
b
r
e
a
ks
c
r
i
s
e
s
im
pa
c
t
o
n
h
u
m
a
n
,
a
nim
a
l
s
a
n
d
e
c
o
s
y
s
t
e
m
.
De
v
e
l
o
p
i
ng
h
a
z
a
r
d
a
n
d
d
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
s
ur
v
e
i
ll
a
nc
e
a
n
d
r
e
s
po
n
s
e
go
a
l
s
a
n
d
o
bj
e
c
t
i
v
e
s
,
i
de
n
t
i
f
y
k
n
o
w
l
e
dg
e
ga
ps
i
n
r
e
s
po
ns
e
c
a
p
a
bi
li
t
i
e
s
,
a
n
d
de
t
e
r
m
i
ne
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
i
e
s
f
o
r
c
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r
di
n
a
t
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d
a
n
d
s
us
t
a
i
n
a
bl
e
l
o
c
a
l
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n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
r
e
g
i
o
n
a
l
r
e
s
po
n
s
e
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n
d
r
e
s
il
i
e
nc
e
a
c
t
i
vi
t
i
e
s
i
n
l
i
ne
in
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
h
e
a
l
t
h
r
e
gu
l
a
t
i
o
ns
c
o
r
e
c
a
pa
c
i
t
i
e
s
a
n
d
Hu
m
a
n
R
i
g
h
t
s
[
3,
5]
.
Un
de
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
e
s
t
a
bl
i
s
h
i
ng
o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
pu
bli
c
h
e
a
l
t
h
r
i
s
k
a
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
n
e
e
ds
,
a
n
d
c
a
pa
c
i
t
y
de
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
i
s
im
pe
r
a
t
i
v
e
i
n
de
ve
l
o
p
i
n
g,
upgr
a
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
s
t
a
n
da
r
d
i
z
i
ng
pr
e
pa
r
e
d
n
e
s
s
a
n
d
e
mer
ge
n
c
y
r
e
s
po
n
s
e
a
c
t
i
vi
t
i
e
s
a
n
d
gu
i
d
e
l
i
ne
s
.
S
uppo
r
t
i
n
g
f
o
r
m
a
l
d
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
r
i
s
k
gr
a
dua
t
e
c
ur
r
i
c
u
l
u
m
,
t
r
a
i
ni
ng
a
n
d
r
e
tr
a
i
ni
ng
c
o
ur
s
e
s
o
r
wor
ks
h
o
ps
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
is
ne
e
de
d
t
o
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
k
n
o
w
l
e
dg
e
a
n
d
pr
a
c
t
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c
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s
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n
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m
e
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g
i
ng
t
h
r
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a
t
s
a
n
d
e
p
i
d
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m
i
c
s
li
ne
w
i
t
h
a
do
pt
e
d
W
HO
c
h
e
c
k
l
i
s
t
c
o
v
e
r
i
ng
h
o
s
p
i
t
a
l
pr
e
pa
r
e
d
n
e
s
s
,
e
q
u
i
p
m
e
n
t
,
wo
r
kf
o
r
c
e
a
n
d
s
ur
ge
c
a
pa
c
i
t
y
p
l
a
nni
ng
a
n
d
b
e
s
t
pr
a
c
t
i
c
e
s
f
o
r
publ
i
c
h
e
a
l
t
h
e
m
e
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ge
n
c
i
e
s
m
i
t
i
ga
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
r
e
s
i
li
e
n
c
e
a
t
a
l
l
l
e
v
e
l
s
[
6,
7]
.
F
o
s
t
e
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
im
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
“
pe
o
p
l
e
-
c
e
n
t
e
r
e
d
d
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
r
i
s
k
-
r
e
duc
t
i
o
n
”
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
i
s
vi
t
a
l
t
o
m
i
t
i
ga
t
e
t
h
e
im
pa
c
t
o
f
e
xi
s
t
i
n
g
a
n
d
f
ut
ur
e
d
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
s
c
r
i
s
e
s
t
h
r
o
ugh
b
u
i
l
d
i
ng
pr
e
p
a
r
e
dn
e
s
s
a
n
d
r
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
p
il
l
a
r
s
i
n
e
nh
a
nc
i
n
g
p
e
o
p
l
e
s
'
o
r
c
o
m
m
u
ni
t
y
a
wa
r
e
n
e
s
s
a
n
d
r
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s
i
li
e
n
t
c
a
pa
c
i
t
y
t
o
pr
e
pa
r
e
f
o
r
a
n
d
w
i
t
h
s
t
a
n
d
t
h
r
e
a
t
s
.
F
ur
t
h
e
r
m
o
r
e
,
s
tr
e
n
gt
h
e
ni
ng
d
is
a
s
t
e
r
r
i
s
k
r
e
duc
t
i
o
n
(
DR
R
)
r
e
s
i
li
e
n
c
e
c
o
m
pe
t
e
n
c
i
e
s
b
y
i
n
t
e
gr
a
t
i
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g
ge
n
de
r
-
b
a
s
e
d
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
a
n
d
c
o
n
c
e
r
n
s
un
de
r
s
c
o
r
e
s
a
ll
pr
e
pa
r
e
d
n
e
s
s
t
o
r
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o
v
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c
a
pa
bil
it
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e
s
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n
d
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n
t
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v
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t
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t
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s
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e
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n
t
a
c
r
o
s
s
Af
r
i
c
a
c
o
m
m
u
ni
t
i
e
s
[
8]
.
S
t
r
e
n
gt
h
e
ni
ng
l
o
n
g
-
t
e
r
m
d
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
r
i
s
k
a
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
i
de
n
t
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
e
r
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
s
s
uc
h
a
s
e
m
e
r
ge
n
c
y
pr
e
pa
r
e
d
n
e
s
s
,
r
e
s
po
n
s
e
a
n
d
r
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
;
m
a
i
ns
t
r
e
a
m
r
i
s
k
r
e
duc
t
i
o
n
i
ns
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
na
l
a
n
d
c
o
m
m
u
ni
t
y
-
b
a
s
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d
c
a
pa
c
i
t
y
t
o
r
e
a
l
t
i
m
e
t
h
r
e
a
t
s
ur
v
e
il
l
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
e
a
r
l
y
wa
r
ni
ng
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
(
S
E
W
S
)
i
s
pa
r
a
m
o
u
n
t
.
Nur
t
u
r
i
n
g
go
ve
r
nm
e
n
t
s
a
n
d
s
t
a
ke
h
o
l
de
r
s
c
o
m
mi
t
m
e
n
t
f
i
na
n
c
i
a
l
i
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t
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m
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t
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s
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s
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e
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r
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r
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r
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s
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d
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m
e
r
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n
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y
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m
pe
t
e
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s
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s
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t
a
l
t
o
a
ddr
e
s
s
DR
R
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
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n
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kf
o
r
c
e
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n
d
f
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c
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li
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s
ga
ps
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a
s
ke
y
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i
o
r
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t
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p
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l
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c
y
o
n
n
a
t
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o
n
a
l
D
R
R
r
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s
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li
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nc
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s
t
r
a
t
e
gy
i
n
e
nh
a
n
c
i
ng
na
t
i
o
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a
l
a
n
d
r
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g
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o
na
l
D
i
s
a
s
t
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r
R
i
s
k
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
(
DR
M
)
pr
o
g
r
a
m
s
a
n
d
a
c
t
i
o
ns
p
l
a
ns
[
3,
9]
.
S
tr
e
n
gt
h
e
ni
ng
c
o
m
m
u
ni
t
y
a
n
d
pu
bli
c
h
e
a
l
t
h
ha
z
a
r
d
a
n
d
d
i
s
a
s
t
e
r
o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
na
l
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
,
e
a
r
l
y
c
o
m
m
u
ni
t
y
pr
e
pa
r
e
d
n
e
s
s
,
a
wa
r
e
n
e
s
s
a
n
d
h
e
a
l
t
h
e
duc
a
t
i
o
n
,
e
m
po
we
r
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
r
e
s
il
i
e
n
c
e
,
p
l
a
nni
ng
a
n
d
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
m
a
k
i
ng
po
l
i
c
y
i
n
e
m
e
r
ge
nc
y
c
a
pa
c
i
t
y
de
ve
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
r
e
s
po
n
s
e
i
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
ve
a
n
d
pr
o
gr
a
m
s
a
r
e
n
e
e
de
d.
S
tr
e
n
gt
h
e
ni
ng
a
n
d
s
us
t
a
i
ni
ng
pu
bli
c
h
e
a
l
t
h
l
a
b
o
r
a
tor
i
e
s
s
ur
v
e
il
l
a
nc
e
a
n
d
r
e
s
po
n
s
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
in
c
l
ud
i
ng
c
o
m
m
u
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Af
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(
A
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3)
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[
10
,
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.
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k
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2252
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6,
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2,
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2017
:
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3
–
191
186
T
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1.
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b
l
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e
al
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h
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m
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ge
n
c
y
p
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age
m
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n
t
s
t
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wa
r
d
s
h
ip
an
d
c
ap
ab
il
it
ies
Ow
i
n
g
t
o
t
h
e
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
ng
t
r
e
n
d
a
n
d
pa
t
t
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r
n
s
o
f
publi
c
/co
m
m
u
ni
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y
ha
z
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d
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pr
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g
pu
bli
c
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m
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y
pa
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n
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s
hi
ps
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nve
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m
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il
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c
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Af
r
ica
[
1
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2
,
13]
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h
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f
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o
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y
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d
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pa
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de
v
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o
p
m
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n
t
.
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m
p
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t
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pr
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n
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pr
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vi
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n
d
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vi
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[
14]
.
T
h
e
r
e
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s
u
r
ge
n
t
n
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d
t
o
a
c
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t
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g
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h
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s
t
r
a
t
e
gy
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s
im
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
hi
n
t
h
e
S
e
n
da
i
F
r
a
m
e
wo
r
k
f
o
r
Di
s
a
s
t
e
r
R
i
s
k
R
e
duc
t
i
o
n
(
S
DR
R
F
)
p
o
s
t
2012
a
do
p
t
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o
f
10
y
e
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r
(
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y
o
go
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r
a
m
e
wo
r
k
f
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r
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c
t
i
o
n
2005
-
2015)
c
o
m
pr
e
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e
ns
i
ve
r
e
g
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o
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a
l
s
t
r
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s
k
m
a
n
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g
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m
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n
t
(
DR
M
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by
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r
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c
a
n
m
e
m
be
r
s
t
a
t
e
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c
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m
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hi
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vi
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s
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e
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to
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hi
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ve
d
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nc
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m
e
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t
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l
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y
by
20
14,
2017,
a
n
d
2022)
[
1,
2]
.
T
h
e
s
e
i
n
t
e
r
-
s
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t
or
a
l
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p
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bl
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f
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f
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wo
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k
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o
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p
l
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n;
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pe
r
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l
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c
o
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pe
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pa
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m
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v
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t
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o
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a
t
a
l
l
l
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s
[
1,
4]
.
S
t
r
e
n
gt
h
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ni
ng
he
a
l
t
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s
y
s
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t
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a
s
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s
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n
d,
t
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m
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ly
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n
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-
ba
s
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de
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kn
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t
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to
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y
m
a
n
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ge
m
e
n
t
,
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n
c
l
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l
o
c
a
l
,
s
t
a
t
e
a
n
d
r
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g
i
o
n
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l
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i
s
l
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t
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t
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r
n
a
t
i
o
na
l
He
a
l
t
h
R
e
gu
l
a
t
i
o
ns
(
I
HR
,
2005)
a
n
d
pr
a
c
t
i
c
e
a
d
he
r
e
n
c
e
.
L
o
c
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l
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o
m
m
u
ni
t
i
e
s
dur
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ng
e
m
e
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ge
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c
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d
d
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s
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po
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,
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ppr
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s
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l
ut
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a
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d
pr
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s
i
mp
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m
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t
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c
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s
Af
r
i
c
a
[
1
]
5
,
16]
.
C
o
n
t
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x
t
ua
l
r
i
s
k
a
n
a
ly
s
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s
in
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o
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m
i
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n
,
a
n
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ly
s
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d
s
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f
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t
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m
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ly
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m
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go
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42,
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.
3.
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RE
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NC
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S
[
1
]
O
l
u
O
.
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
St
re
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g
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fr
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a:
mu
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.
[
2
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o
w
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.
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r
s
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3
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5
.
[
3
]
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ev
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t
J
.
,
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v
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e
:
3
0
(3
),
p
p
.
2
2
7
-
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2
0
1
5
.
[
4
]
“T
h
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fri
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Pu
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me
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2015.
[
5
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Rey
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rs
B.
,
et
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l
.
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av
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[
6
]
H
i
n
t
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C
.
F.
,
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.
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“
CD
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ran
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s
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ep
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N
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m
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v
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s
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p
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.
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8
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:
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In
f
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s
.
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v
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(
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),
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p
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]
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l
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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.
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:
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190
[
1
6
]
Fan
H
.
J
.
,
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.
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“
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[
1
8
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l
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K
.
A
.
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l
.
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“
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.
T
am
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l
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.
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“
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1
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D
.
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.
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l
.
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“
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[
2
3
]
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l
ey
M.
S
.
,
et
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l
.
,
“
Be
n
d
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J
R
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M
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Co
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[
2
4
]
U
s
m
an
A
.
,
et
a
l
.
, “
Re
c
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t
c
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s
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A
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ed
.
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5
.
[
2
5
]
Bh
art
i
N
.
,
et
a
l
.
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“
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as
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t
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),
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p
.
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,
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0
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5
.
[
2
6
]
Me
rt
en
s
K
.
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
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h
e
d
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d
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me
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t
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s
:
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ci
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t
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l
E
n
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,
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l
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5
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p
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-
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2
7
]
K
a
h
i
n
d
o
M.
J
.
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
I
m
p
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o
f
mi
d
-
l
e
v
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m
a
n
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an
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R
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ed
Tr
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p
(M
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s
)
,
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l
/
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s
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,
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p
.
1
4
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,
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0
1
1
.
[
2
8
]
Bazey
o
W
.
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
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a
re
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fo
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,
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a
n
A
f
r
M
ed
J.
,
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o
l
.
2
0
,
p
p
.
4
0
4
,
2
0
1
5
.
[
2
9
]
A
l
me
d
o
m
A
.
M
.
,
“
Re
s
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l
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e
n
ce
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cy
/
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t
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,
s
o
c
i
a
l
,
b
e
h
a
v
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o
ral
,
an
d
e
n
v
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r
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n
men
t
al
s
c
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en
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s
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as
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ars
,
”
A
f
r
H
ea
l
t
h
S
c
i
.
,
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l
/
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s
s
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:
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),
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p
.
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-
1
3
,
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0
0
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.
[
3
0
]
E
.
T
am
b
o
,
et
a
l
.
,
“
Re
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
t
ran
s
fo
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rat
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-
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b
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l
a
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p
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d
emi
c
i
n
A
fr
i
c
a,
”
J.
In
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5
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A
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“
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8
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9
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l
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.
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4
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t
h
M.
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-
68,
2
0
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.
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