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th
is
s
itu
atio
n
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
r
e
ar
e
s
till
ch
allen
g
es
th
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
r
eso
lv
ed
(
in
clu
d
in
g
et
h
ical
an
d
leg
al
c
o
n
s
i
d
er
atio
n
s
)
,
m
ak
in
g
it
d
if
f
icu
lt
f
o
r
telep
h
a
r
m
ac
y
t
o
b
e
u
s
ed
m
o
r
e
wid
ely
[
5
]
,
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
3
]
.
Stro
n
g
er
ev
id
en
ce
o
f
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
'
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
an
d
a
f
air
e
v
alu
atio
n
o
f
its
lim
itatio
n
s
m
a
y
c
o
n
v
in
ce
s
tak
eh
o
ld
e
r
s
o
f
th
ese
s
er
v
ices'
p
o
ten
tial
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
its
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
b
e
n
ef
it
o
f
s
o
ciety
[
1
4
]
.
T
elep
h
ar
m
ac
y
o
p
e
n
s
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
h
ea
lth
s
er
v
ices,
esp
ec
ially
in
ar
ea
s
wh
er
e
th
er
e
a
r
e
s
till
n
o
t
en
o
u
g
h
p
h
ar
m
ac
ie
s
,
as
we
ll
as
h
ea
lth
s
er
v
ice
p
lace
s
th
at
p
r
o
v
id
e
o
th
er
m
ed
icin
es
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
o
f
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
is
r
elativ
ely
n
ew.
T
o
tack
le
th
is
,
th
e
I
n
d
o
n
esian
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ef
f
o
r
t
th
at
will
im
p
lem
e
n
t
te
lem
ed
icin
e
b
y
J
u
ly
6
,
2
0
2
1
[
1
5
]
.
C
u
r
r
e
n
tly
,
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
is
o
n
ly
p
lay
i
n
g
a
r
o
le
in
ex
p
an
d
i
n
g
th
e
r
ea
ch
an
d
co
v
er
a
g
e
ar
ea
o
f
a
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
ce
n
ter
,
as
well
as
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
e
a
d
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
o
f
m
ed
icin
es
n
ee
d
ed
b
y
p
atien
ts
,
an
d
th
is
h
as
n
o
t
b
ee
n
wid
ely
im
p
lem
en
ted
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
f
u
r
th
er
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
an
d
r
e
v
iew
o
f
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ices
ar
e
n
e
ed
ed
s
o
th
at
m
o
r
e
o
f
th
e
im
p
ac
ts
an
d
b
en
e
f
its
p
r
esen
ted
ca
n
b
e
f
elt
b
y
all
p
eo
p
le
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
T
h
is
is
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tu
d
y
to
in
v
esti
g
ate
th
e
v
iewp
o
in
ts
o
f
p
h
a
r
m
ac
is
ts
wo
r
k
in
g
in
n
etwo
r
k
p
h
ar
m
ac
ies
in
B
ali
o
n
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
at
we
an
aly
ze
it
f
r
o
m
th
e
v
iew
o
f
r
eg
u
latio
n
as
well,
wh
ich
h
as
n
o
t
b
ee
n
ex
p
lo
r
ed
m
u
ch
in
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies,
m
ak
es it e
v
en
m
o
r
e
in
ter
esti
n
g
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Sa
m
pli
ng
m
et
ho
ds
R
esear
ch
er
s
u
s
ed
th
e
s
tr
en
g
th
en
in
g
th
e
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
o
f
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
al
s
tu
d
ies
in
ep
i
d
em
io
lo
g
y
(
STROB
E
)
ch
ec
k
lis
t
to
s
tr
en
g
th
en
t
h
e
r
e
p
o
r
tin
g
o
f
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
al
s
tu
d
ies
[
1
6
]
.
A
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
s
tu
d
y
was
co
n
d
u
cte
d
,
with
p
r
im
ar
y
d
ata
co
llected
v
ia
a
Go
o
g
le
f
o
r
m
s
en
t
to
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
in
n
in
e
d
is
tr
icts
o
f
B
ali
,
co
n
s
ec
u
tiv
ely
.
T
o
r
e
d
u
ce
s
elec
tio
n
b
ias,
p
h
ar
m
ac
y
m
an
ag
er
s
wh
o
h
ad
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
f
iv
e
y
ea
r
s
o
f
ex
p
er
ien
ce
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
tel
ep
h
ar
m
ac
y
wer
e
in
clu
s
io
n
c
r
iter
ia.
Ph
ar
m
ac
is
ts
in
c
h
ar
g
e
o
f
o
f
f
-
n
etwo
r
k
p
h
ar
m
ac
ies
wer
e
ex
clu
d
ed
.
Dr
o
p
o
u
t
r
ef
e
r
r
ed
to
in
c
o
m
p
lete
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
r
esp
o
n
s
es
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
Slo
v
in
f
o
r
m
u
la
(
n
=N
/1
+N
(
e)
2
)
was u
s
ed
to
ca
lcu
late
th
e
s
am
p
le
s
ize
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
at
least 9
9
s
am
p
les we
r
e
ac
q
u
ir
ed
.
2
.
2
.
M
a
t
er
ia
ls
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
ai
r
e
was
d
ev
e
lo
p
ed
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
c
h
,
with
ex
p
er
t
in
p
u
t
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e'
s
co
n
ten
t
s
w
er
e
v
alid
ated
b
y
th
e
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
es
o
f
two
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
.
A
p
ilo
t
s
tu
d
y
was
c
o
n
d
u
cted
to
test
th
e
d
ata
-
ac
q
u
ir
i
n
g
m
eth
o
d
s
an
d
in
s
tr
u
m
en
ts
.
I
t
h
elp
e
d
to
id
en
tify
p
o
te
n
tial
is
s
u
es
with
d
ata
co
llectio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
o
r
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
b
e
f
o
r
e
in
itiatin
g
th
e
m
ain
r
esear
ch
an
d
h
as
b
ee
n
test
ed
f
o
r
v
alid
ity
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
o
n
3
0
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t
s
.
All
q
u
esti
o
n
s
ar
e
v
alid
(
p
-
v
alu
e
<0
.
0
5
;
r
x
y
co
r
r
elatio
n
co
ef
f
icien
t
≥
0
.
3
4
9
)
.
C
r
o
n
b
ac
h
'
s
Alp
h
a
v
alu
e
>0
.
5
,
in
d
icatin
g
th
at
all
q
u
esti
o
n
s
ar
e
r
eliab
l
e
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
co
n
s
is
t
ed
o
f
two
s
e
ctio
n
s
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
c
o
n
s
is
t
ed
o
f
f
o
u
r
q
u
esti
o
n
s
in
ten
d
ed
t
o
c
o
llect
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
d
em
o
g
r
a
p
h
ic
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
(
g
en
d
er
,
e
d
u
c
atio
n
lev
el,
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
er
v
ic
es
ea
ch
s
h
if
t,
an
d
p
latf
o
r
m
u
s
ed
)
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
ec
tio
n
h
ad
f
iv
e
p
ar
ts
,
ea
c
h
w
ith
a
4
-
p
o
in
t
L
ik
er
t
s
ca
le
r
a
n
g
in
g
f
r
o
m
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
d
is
ag
r
ee
to
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
ag
r
ee
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
p
ar
t
in
clu
d
e
d
s
ev
en
q
u
esti
o
n
s
ab
o
u
t
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
'
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
s
to
war
d
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
telep
h
a
r
m
ac
y
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
ar
t
i
n
clu
d
e
d
s
ix
q
u
esti
o
n
s
ab
o
u
t
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
t
co
u
n
s
elin
g
i
n
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ices.
T
h
e
t
h
ir
d
p
ar
t
c
o
n
s
is
t
ed
o
f
f
o
u
r
d
r
u
g
-
r
elate
d
p
r
o
b
lem
q
u
esti
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
f
o
u
r
th
p
ar
t
co
n
s
is
t
ed
o
f
s
ix
d
r
u
g
th
er
ap
y
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
q
u
esti
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
last
p
ar
t
in
clu
d
ed
two
q
u
esti
o
n
s
ab
o
u
t
laws
an
d
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
,
o
p
en
-
en
d
ed
q
u
esti
o
n
s
wer
e
p
lace
d
o
n
o
th
er
k
ey
is
s
u
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
.
Op
en
-
en
d
e
d
q
u
e
s
tio
n
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
p
ar
ticip
a
n
t
s
to
r
esp
o
n
d
in
th
eir
o
wn
w
o
r
d
s
.
T
h
ey
c
o
u
ld
s
u
p
p
ly
m
o
r
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
r
esear
ch
e
r
s
th
an
a
s
im
p
le
Y
es o
r
N
o
a
n
s
wer
.
2
.
3
.
Da
t
a
a
na
ly
s
is
T
h
e
s
tatis
tica
l
p
ac
k
ag
e
f
o
r
th
e
s
o
cial
s
cien
ce
s
(
SP
SS
)
v
er
s
io
n
2
4
.
0
was
u
s
ed
to
an
aly
ze
th
e
d
ata.
I
W
an
d
AS
o
r
g
a
n
ized
a
n
d
d
o
c
u
m
en
ted
th
e
d
ata.
An
y
d
ata
in
co
n
s
is
ten
cies
f
o
u
n
d
ar
e
ca
p
tu
r
e
d
an
d
e
v
alu
ated
f
o
r
d
u
p
licates
an
d
er
r
o
r
s
.
PS
an
d
AA
co
m
p
leted
th
e
f
in
al
an
aly
s
is
an
d
ap
p
r
o
v
ed
all
th
e
an
aly
ze
d
d
ata.
Data
wer
e
p
r
esen
ted
d
escr
ip
tiv
ely
u
s
in
g
ab
s
o
lu
te
n
u
m
b
er
s
an
d
p
e
r
ce
n
t
ag
es.
Fo
r
o
p
en
-
en
d
ed
q
u
esti
o
n
s
d
ata,
an
al
y
s
is
was
d
o
n
e
b
y
I
W
an
d
AS u
s
in
g
E
x
c
el
[
2
1
]
.
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
p
r
esen
t
ed
in
th
em
es.
2
.
4
.
E
t
hica
l
c
o
ns
idera
t
io
n
Su
b
s
tan
tial
r
ev
iews
o
f
r
esear
c
h
with
h
u
m
an
s
u
b
jects
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
co
n
d
u
cted
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
r
o
p
er
r
esear
ch
eth
ics,
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
ar
e
ass
es
s
ed
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
r
ig
h
t
s
o
f
s
tu
d
y
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
,
d
ata
c
o
n
f
id
en
tiality
,
a
n
d
in
teg
r
ity
.
Ap
p
r
o
v
al
n
u
m
b
e
r
0
1
.
0
2
8
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was
g
r
an
ted
b
y
th
e
B
ali
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n
ter
n
atio
n
al
Un
iv
er
s
ity
E
th
ics
C
o
m
m
ittee
o
n
J
an
u
ar
y
1
4
th
,
2
0
2
3
.
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8
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6
A
s
s
ess
in
g
co
mmu
n
ity
p
h
a
r
ma
cist
s
'
th
o
u
g
h
ts
o
n
telep
h
a
r
ma
cy
in
B
a
li p
r
o
vin
ce
(
I
Gu
s
ti A
yu
R
a
i Wid
o
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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t J Pu
b
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Hea
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,
Vo
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1
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,
No
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4
,
Dec
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b
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20
24
:
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2020
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f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
th
em
es
a
n
d
s
u
b
-
th
em
es
wer
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
as
a
r
esu
lt,
s
h
o
wn
i
n
T
ab
le
3
.
T
h
is
r
ec
o
g
n
izes
th
e
in
v
o
lv
em
e
n
t
o
f
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
in
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ices,
esp
ec
ially
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
an
d
em
ic.
Fo
r
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
wr
itten
m
ed
ica
l
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
a
co
m
p
lex
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
g
iv
en
ar
e
s
tr
en
g
th
en
in
g
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
ex
p
an
d
in
g
m
e
d
i
ca
tio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
,
p
atien
t
-
s
af
ety
an
d
co
m
p
lian
ce
,
a
n
d
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
a
p
h
ar
m
ac
eu
tical
s
er
v
ice
p
latf
o
r
m
f
o
r
p
r
o
b
lem
-
s
o
lv
in
g
s
tr
ateg
ies.
T
ab
le
3
.
T
h
em
es a
n
d
s
u
b
th
em
es
Th
e
m
e
s
S
u
b
t
h
e
m
e
s
F
i
n
d
i
n
g
s
S
e
r
v
i
c
e
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
r
s’
t
h
o
u
g
h
t
a.
Th
e
r
o
l
e
o
f
p
h
a
r
ma
c
i
s
t
s’
i
n
t
e
l
e
p
h
a
r
mac
y
b.
H
e
a
l
t
h
-
c
a
r
e
c
o
st
s
a
v
i
n
g
s
c.
F
a
st
e
r
a
c
c
e
ss
d.
R
e
v
e
n
u
e
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
e
d
O
v
e
r
a
l
l
,
p
h
a
r
ma
c
i
s
t
s
a
r
e
a
w
a
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
i
r
i
n
v
o
l
v
e
me
n
t
i
n
t
e
l
e
p
h
a
r
mac
y
ser
v
i
c
e
s,
a
s
w
e
l
l
a
s
r
e
mo
t
e
serv
i
c
e
s
(
n
o
n
-
f
a
c
e
-
to
-
f
a
c
e
i
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
)
,
e
s
p
e
c
i
a
l
l
y
d
u
r
i
n
g
a
p
a
n
d
e
m
i
c
.
O
b
st
a
c
l
e
s
e
n
c
o
u
n
t
e
r
e
d
a.
I
ssu
e
s wit
h
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
g
a
p
b.
I
ssu
e
s wit
h
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s a
n
d
a
d
v
a
n
c
i
n
g
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
c.
P
o
st
-
p
a
n
d
e
mi
c
t
e
l
e
p
h
a
r
mac
y
serv
i
c
e
s
P
r
o
v
i
d
i
n
g
me
d
i
c
a
l
i
n
f
o
r
mat
i
o
n
i
n
w
r
i
t
i
n
g
i
s
a
c
o
m
p
l
e
x
c
o
mm
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
c
e
ss.
I
t
i
s
i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
a
t
i
e
n
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
p
h
a
r
mac
i
st
t
o
u
n
d
e
r
st
a
n
d
e
a
c
h
o
t
h
e
r
's ro
l
e
s.
S
t
r
a
t
e
g
i
e
s f
o
r
r
e
s
o
l
v
i
n
g
t
h
e
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
e
s
a.
S
t
r
e
n
g
t
h
e
n
i
n
g
h
u
ma
n
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
b.
P
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
P
h
a
r
ma
c
i
s
t
s
r
e
c
o
mm
e
n
d
s
t
r
e
n
g
t
h
e
n
i
n
g
h
u
ma
n
r
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
,
e
x
p
a
n
d
i
n
g
m
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
o
f
me
d
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
saf
e
t
y
a
n
d
a
d
h
e
r
e
n
c
e
,
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
i
n
g
a
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
m
t
o
f
a
c
i
l
i
t
a
t
e
t
h
e
p
h
a
r
mac
e
u
t
i
c
a
l
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
.
3
.
1
.
Serv
ice
pro
v
iders’
t
ho
ug
ht
Ph
ar
m
ac
is
ts
co
n
s
id
er
th
at
r
e
m
o
te
d
r
u
g
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
er
v
ices
ar
e
ac
ce
p
tab
le,
an
d
th
ey
h
av
e
a
n
im
m
en
s
e
d
esire
to
d
e
v
elo
p
tel
ep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ices
th
at
p
r
i
o
r
i
tize
p
atien
t
s
af
ety
.
As
s
h
o
wn
i
n
T
ab
le
2
,
m
o
s
t
o
f
th
e
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
(
9
1
.
9
%)
s
tated
th
at
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
is
a
d
is
ta
n
t
in
ter
ac
tio
n
b
etwe
en
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
t
-
p
atien
t;
7
7
.
5
%
o
f
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
th
o
u
g
h
t
th
at
p
eo
p
le
wo
u
ld
b
e
ab
le
to
f
in
d
q
u
ick
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
f
o
r
h
ea
lth
p
r
o
b
l
em
s
with
im
p
r
o
v
ed
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
;
g
o
o
d
p
h
ar
m
ac
y
p
r
ac
tices
(
GPP)
m
u
s
t
b
e
e
n
s
u
ed
(
9
7
.
6
%);
a
n
d
tele
p
h
ar
m
ac
y
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
u
s
ef
u
l
in
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
s
itu
atio
n
s
(
9
9
.
9
%).
Du
e
to
t
h
eir
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
th
eir
n
ee
d
s
a
n
d
p
o
s
itiv
e
f
ee
lin
g
s
to
war
d
th
em
,
I
n
d
o
n
esian
s
r
e
g
u
lar
ly
u
tili
ze
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ices
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
r
e
g
u
latio
n
o
f
th
e
m
in
is
ter
o
f
h
ea
lth
(
Mo
H)
c
o
m
p
r
is
es
th
e
d
etails
o
f
th
e
p
r
esen
t
s
itu
atio
n
.
C
lin
ical
telec
o
n
s
u
ltatio
n
is
a
s
er
v
ice
th
at
allo
ws
f
o
r
r
em
o
te
clin
ical
co
n
s
u
ltati
o
n
to
h
elp
with
tr
ea
tm
e
n
t
r
e
co
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
an
d
is
ad
d
r
es
s
ed
u
n
d
er
a
r
ticle
3
p
ar
ag
r
a
p
h
(
1
)
o
f
Mo
H
r
eg
u
l
atio
n
n
u
m
b
e
r
2
0
o
f
2
0
1
9
[
2
3
]
.
Acc
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
a
r
ticle
9
p
ar
ag
r
ap
h
(
1
)
,
o
th
er
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als
with
ex
p
er
tis
e
in
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
m
a
y
s
er
v
e
as
co
n
s
u
ltan
t
s
[
2
3
]
.
P
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
ar
e
o
b
lig
ated
to
ad
v
is
e
p
atien
t
s
ab
o
u
t
m
ed
icatio
n
s
,
m
ed
ical
eq
u
ip
m
en
t,
m
ed
ical
co
n
s
u
m
a
b
les,
an
d
/o
r
d
ietar
y
s
u
p
p
lem
en
ts
in
wr
itin
g
an
d
/o
r
elec
tr
o
n
ically
.
T
h
ey
m
u
s
t
a
ls
o
p
r
o
v
id
e
co
u
n
s
elin
g
an
d
m
o
n
ito
r
d
r
u
g
u
s
e
as
n
ee
d
ed
.
I
t
is
u
n
d
er
s
to
o
d
th
a
t
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
wh
o
wis
h
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
telep
h
a
r
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ic
es
m
u
s
t
m
ee
t
an
y
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
an
d
r
esp
ec
t r
u
les.
T
o
s
h
o
r
ten
p
atien
ts
’,
wait
ti
m
es
d
u
r
in
g
p
ea
k
,
all
p
h
ar
m
a
cist
s
ag
r
ee
(
5
4
.
1
%)
an
d
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
ag
r
ee
(
4
5
.
9
%)
th
at
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
to
ex
p
an
d
p
h
ar
m
ac
eu
tical
s
er
v
ices.
Ph
ar
m
ac
y
s
taf
f
,
wo
r
k
f
lo
w,
p
lan
n
in
g
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
an
d
t
er
r
ib
le
p
h
ar
m
ac
y
d
esig
n
ca
n
all
b
e
p
o
ten
tial
ca
u
s
es
o
f
p
atien
t
wait
tim
es.
T
elep
h
ar
m
ac
y
allo
ws
p
atien
ts
to
s
av
e
m
o
n
ey
an
d
tr
a
v
el
tim
e,
wh
ich
ar
e
th
e
m
ajo
r
p
r
o
b
lem
s
en
co
u
n
ter
e
d
,
esp
ec
ially
b
y
o
l
d
p
eo
p
le,
to
r
e
ac
h
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es
[
1
4
]
.
T
o
av
e
r
t
th
is
,
au
to
m
ate
d
q
u
eu
in
g
,
telep
h
a
r
m
ac
y
,
an
d
s
u
p
p
l
y
ch
ain
s
f
o
r
a
d
v
an
ce
d
m
an
u
f
ac
tu
r
in
g
ar
e
a
d
v
is
ed
[
2
4
]
.
Ph
a
r
m
ac
eu
tical
s
er
v
ices
c
an
b
e
o
f
f
er
e
d
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
u
s
in
g
e
x
is
tin
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
e
v
id
en
ce
-
b
ased
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
wo
r
k
f
lo
ws.
Ho
wev
er
,
a
to
tal
o
f
2
4
.
3
%
o
f
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
d
is
ag
r
ee
d
th
at
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
was
u
s
ed
f
o
r
e
v
er
y
d
r
u
g
class
.
Sin
ce
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
m
ak
es
h
ea
lth
s
er
v
ices
m
o
r
e
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le
to
p
eo
p
le
in
r
u
r
al
ar
ea
s
,
it
s
h
o
u
ld
b
en
e
f
it
p
eo
p
le
with
co
-
m
o
r
b
i
d
ities
,
esp
ec
ially
th
e
eld
er
l
y
.
Pre
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
d
o
cu
m
en
ted
p
u
b
lic
awa
r
en
ess
o
f
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
'
s
ex
is
ten
ce
,
h
o
w
it
wo
r
k
s
,
an
d
h
o
w
r
elev
a
n
t
it
is
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
p
an
d
em
ic
[
7
]
.
L
ik
ewise,
1
8
.
9
%
o
f
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
d
o
n
o
t
ag
r
ee
th
at
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
ca
n
r
e
d
u
ce
co
s
ts
.
T
h
is
co
n
tr
ast
s
with
th
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
o
th
er
s
tu
d
ies
co
n
d
u
cte
d
in
h
o
s
p
ital
s
ettin
g
s
,
wh
er
e
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ice
s
m
ay
h
elp
to
s
av
e
co
s
ts
b
y
r
ed
u
cin
g
u
n
wa
n
ted
ad
m
is
s
io
n
s
[
2
5
]
.
I
t
s
ee
m
s
th
a
t
m
o
r
e
s
tu
d
y
is
n
ee
d
e
d
to
f
ig
u
r
e
o
u
t
wh
eth
er
th
e
p
r
ac
ticality
o
f
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
tr
u
ly
en
co
u
r
ag
es m
o
r
e
d
e
m
an
d
f
o
r
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
in
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
p
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
ettin
g
s
.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
claim
ed
th
at
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
telep
h
a
r
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ices
c
o
u
ld
in
cr
ea
s
e
r
ev
e
n
u
es.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
co
n
f
i
r
m
s
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
th
at
o
b
s
er
v
ed
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
to
b
e
b
e
n
ef
icial
in
ter
m
s
o
f
ea
s
e
o
f
ac
ce
s
s
,
an
d
wh
ich
r
esu
lted
in
in
cr
ea
s
ed
p
h
ar
m
ac
y
tu
r
n
o
v
er
[
6
]
,
[
2
4
]
.
W
h
ats
A
p
p
wa
s
r
ep
o
r
ted
ly
p
a
r
ticu
lar
ly
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f
ec
tiv
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o
r
m
a
r
k
etin
g
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d
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d
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g
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
al
m
ess
ag
es,
p
er
a
p
r
io
r
s
tu
d
y
[
2
6
]
.
I
t
is
h
i
g
h
ly
r
e
co
m
m
en
d
e
d
to
u
s
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2252
-
8
8
0
6
A
s
s
ess
in
g
co
mmu
n
ity
p
h
a
r
ma
cist
s
'
th
o
u
g
h
ts
o
n
telep
h
a
r
ma
cy
in
B
a
li p
r
o
vin
ce
(
I
Gu
s
ti A
yu
R
a
i Wid
o
w
a
ti
)
2021
o
th
er
o
n
lin
e
p
latf
o
r
m
s
lik
e
p
h
ar
m
ac
y
web
s
ites
an
d
p
o
p
u
lar
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
s
ite
s
lik
e
Face
b
o
o
k
an
d
I
n
s
tag
r
a
m
to
p
r
o
m
o
te
p
r
o
d
u
cts an
d
s
h
a
r
e
b
e
n
ef
icial
in
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
ab
o
u
t m
e
d
icin
es.
3
.
2
.
O
bs
t
a
cles
e
nco
un
t
er
ed
T
elep
h
ar
m
ac
y
h
as
a
ch
an
ce
to
lead
th
e
way
in
en
h
a
n
cin
g
p
at
ien
t
m
ed
icatio
n
ad
h
er
en
ce
,
b
u
t
th
er
e
ar
e
co
n
ce
r
n
s
th
er
e
will
b
e
g
ap
in
t
er
ac
tio
n
s
b
etwe
en
p
h
a
r
m
ac
is
t
-
p
atien
ts
o
f
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
.
At
least
8
1
.
5
0
%
o
f
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
s
tated
th
at
to
ac
co
m
p
lis
h
p
atien
t
m
ed
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n
ad
h
er
e
n
ce
f
o
r
p
atien
ts
r
ec
eiv
in
g
s
h
o
r
t
-
ter
m
m
ed
icatio
n
s
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
etwe
en
p
h
a
r
m
ac
is
ts
-
p
atien
ts
m
u
s
t
b
e
c
o
n
d
u
cted
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
9
7
.
3
%
o
f
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
s
tated
it
is
ess
en
t
ial
to
en
s
u
r
e
ad
h
er
en
ce
f
o
r
c
h
r
o
n
ic
p
atien
ts
.
An
ea
r
lier
s
tu
d
y
h
as
s
h
o
wn
th
at
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
m
ay
e
n
h
an
ce
m
ed
icatio
n
ad
h
er
en
ce
,
y
et
m
a
n
y
f
ac
to
r
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
d
esig
n
,
ad
h
er
e
n
ce
ass
es
s
m
en
t,
an
d
h
ea
lth
b
e
h
av
io
r
,
af
f
ec
t
th
is
o
u
tco
m
e
[
2
7
]
.
So
m
e
s
tu
d
ies
r
ep
o
r
ted
th
at
t
h
e
eld
er
ly
m
u
s
t
b
e
ass
is
ted
in
u
s
in
g
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
es,
an
d
ef
f
o
r
ts
m
u
s
t
b
e
m
a
d
e
to
r
ed
u
ce
s
m
ar
tp
h
o
n
e
r
e
s
is
tan
ce
to
ad
v
an
ce
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
[
6
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
I
n
ter
n
et
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
was
also
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
b
ig
g
est
o
b
s
tacle
s
in
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
[
2
8
]
.
T
h
e
s
u
cc
ess
o
f
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ices
d
ep
en
d
s
to
a
g
r
ea
ter
e
x
ten
t
on
th
e
lev
el
o
f
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
es,
s
u
ch
as
ef
f
icien
t
in
ter
n
et
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
[
2
9
]
.
T
o
r
ea
c
h
th
e
eld
er
l
y
an
d
p
eo
p
le
with
less
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
asp
ec
ts
m
ay
n
ee
d
to
b
e
t
ak
en
in
to
atten
tio
n
[
3
0
]
.
B
ec
au
s
e
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
e
n
tails
co
m
p
lex
wr
itte
n
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
v
ia
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
p
h
a
r
m
ac
is
ts
an
d
p
atien
ts
m
u
s
t
b
e
ap
p
r
is
ed
o
f
ea
ch
o
th
er
'
s
r
o
les
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
r
esear
ch
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
b
est
way
f
o
r
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
to
ass
i
s
t
w
ith
p
atien
t
c
ar
e
an
d
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
i
n
r
u
r
al
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ch
allen
g
e
in
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ices
to
p
atien
t
s
is
d
eter
m
in
in
g
w
h
eth
er
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
m
o
r
e
q
u
ick
ly
a
n
d
p
r
ec
is
ely
h
e
lp
p
atien
ts
.
Mo
r
e
t
h
an
8
7
.
4
%
o
f
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
ag
r
ee
/s
tr
o
n
g
ly
ag
r
ee
with
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
f
o
r
th
e
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
o
f
m
ed
icatio
n
th
er
a
p
y
.
At
least
8
6
.
0
%
o
f
r
esp
o
n
d
e
n
ts
ag
r
ee
d
/s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
ag
r
ee
d
th
at
in
s
u
ch
s
itu
atio
n
s
,
th
is
s
er
v
ice
a
s
s
u
r
es
th
at
p
ati
en
ts
g
et
s
af
e
m
ed
icatio
n
th
er
ap
y
,
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
d
r
u
g
th
er
ap
y
,
r
atio
n
al
d
r
u
g
t
h
er
ap
y
,
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
o
f
d
r
u
g
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
,
an
d
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
d
r
u
g
s
id
e
ef
f
ec
ts
.
W
h
en
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
in
-
p
er
s
o
n
v
is
its
,
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
v
is
its
h
ad
n
o
s
tatis
tically
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
if
f
er
en
c
e
in
b
lo
o
d
p
r
ess
u
r
e
co
n
tr
o
l
[
3
1
]
.
An
o
t
h
er
s
tu
d
y
i
n
d
icate
s
th
at
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
h
a
s
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
ch
a
n
ce
to
h
el
p
d
iab
etes
p
atien
ts
[
3
2
]
.
T
h
e
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
b
o
th
s
p
ec
if
ic
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
tech
n
iq
u
es
an
d
d
ir
ec
t
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
with
p
atien
ts
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
e
m
p
lo
y
e
d
t
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
t p
atien
t c
ar
e.
3
.
3
.
Str
a
t
eg
ies f
o
r
r
eso
lv
ing
t
he
cha
lleng
es
An
in
tr
ig
u
in
g
asp
ec
t
to
b
e
ex
p
lo
r
ed
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
th
e
r
is
k
s
th
at
m
ay
b
e
m
et
if
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
a
l
p
r
ac
ti
c
e
in
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ices
o
cc
u
r
s
n
eg
lig
en
tly
.
M
o
r
e
th
a
n
8
1
.
1
%
o
f
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
laws
an
d
r
eg
u
lat
io
n
s
,
as
well
as
all
th
e
r
is
k
s
th
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
en
co
u
n
ter
ed
.
Ho
we
v
er
,
o
n
ly
7
9
.
3
%
o
f
p
h
ar
m
ac
ies
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
r
e
g
is
ter
ed
with
th
e
p
h
a
r
m
ac
eu
ti
ca
l
elec
tr
o
n
ic
f
ac
ilit
y
p
r
o
v
i
d
er
.
T
elep
h
ar
m
ac
y
r
eg
u
latio
n
is
b
ein
g
m
o
d
if
ie
d
to
r
ef
lect
ev
o
lv
in
g
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
es
o
n
p
h
ar
m
ac
e
u
tical
p
r
ac
tice
[
3
3
]
.
T
h
is
is
also
ev
id
en
t
in
o
th
e
r
c
o
u
n
tr
ies;
wh
ile
th
er
e
a
r
e
n
o
w
laws
au
th
o
r
i
zin
g
telep
h
a
r
m
ac
y
,
n
o
r
e
g
u
lat
io
n
s
in
e
v
er
y
s
tate
y
et
ar
e
in
p
lace
to
g
o
v
er
n
s
u
ch
a
p
r
o
g
r
am
[
1
2
]
.
Ass
o
ciatio
n
s
o
f
p
h
a
r
m
ac
is
ts
o
u
g
h
t
to
ad
v
o
ca
te
f
o
r
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
r
eg
u
latio
n
,
esp
e
cially
f
o
r
th
e
p
h
ar
m
a
cies th
at
h
av
e
f
o
c
u
s
ed
m
o
r
e
an
d
m
o
r
e
o
n
th
is
s
er
v
ice.
Sev
er
al
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
s
u
g
g
este
d
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
d
r
u
g
c
o
m
p
lian
c
e
an
d
s
af
ety
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
h
u
m
a
n
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
a
n
d
d
e
v
elo
p
in
g
a
p
latf
o
r
m
to
s
tr
ea
m
lin
e
s
er
v
ices.
Neith
er
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
t
s
ee
m
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
s
itu
atio
n
co
m
p
letely
.
Ad
d
itio
n
al
s
tu
d
ies
m
ay
b
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
f
in
d
o
u
t
wh
at
p
atien
ts
a
n
d
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als n
ee
d
f
r
o
m
th
is
telep
h
a
r
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ic
e.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
To
b
u
ild
a
l
o
n
g
-
d
is
tan
ce
r
elat
io
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
p
h
a
r
m
ac
is
ts
an
d
p
atien
ts
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
a
r
g
u
e
s
th
at
th
e
in
v
o
lv
em
e
n
t
o
f
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
in
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
s
er
v
ices
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
.
T
h
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
in
d
ic
ate
th
at
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
ar
e
ex
p
ec
te
d
to
b
e
awa
r
e
o
f
th
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
t
r
o
le
o
f
co
m
m
u
n
ic
atio
n
in
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
p
atien
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
lim
ited
ad
d
r
ess
es
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
'
v
iews;
m
o
r
e
in
q
u
ir
y
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
co
n
d
u
cted
to
lear
n
a
b
o
u
t
p
atien
ts
'
an
d
o
th
er
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
als'
o
p
in
io
n
s
.
Po
ten
tial
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
,
lik
e
telep
h
ar
m
ac
y
,
m
ig
h
t
b
e
a
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
is
s
u
es
lik
e
a
s
h
o
r
tag
e
o
f
p
h
ar
m
ac
is
ts
in
r
em
o
te
lo
ca
tio
n
s
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d
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Un
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sity
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S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
m
a
n
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k
p
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rt
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su
tem
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@u
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b
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a
c
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y
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g
ra
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h
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M
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ste
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m
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a
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Un
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li
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tl
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M
a
h
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sw
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ti
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Ba
li
In
d
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t
h
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ra
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tern
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ti
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t
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rm
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s,
a
c
ti
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ly
p
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rti
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ip
a
tes
in
sc
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ti
fic ac
ti
v
it
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,
a
n
d
h
is wri
ti
n
g
s
h
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v
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b
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n
wid
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l
y
p
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b
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d
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sid
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tea
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in
g
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h
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ls
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p
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rm
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p
re
n
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r.
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s
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ti
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re
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c
ti
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l
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o
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d
in
a
ti
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g
v
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rio
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s h
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a
lt
h
p
r
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ra
m
s,
a
n
d
b
e
i
n
g
t
h
e
Ch
a
irma
n
o
f
t
h
e
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
P
h
a
rm
a
c
ist
As
so
c
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n
in
t
h
e
P
ro
v
in
c
e
o
f
Ba
li
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
g
u
sa
ick
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
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