I
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a
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c
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(
I
JP
HS
)
Vo
l
.
7
,
N
o
.
2,
J
un
e
201
8,
pp.
145~150
I
S
S
N:
2252
-
8806,
DO
I
:
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.
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13249
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©
2
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s
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pa
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s
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a
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t
m
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a
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y
s
e
n
s
o
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s
t
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m
u
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a
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t
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s
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.
T
hi
s
s
p
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c
o
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d
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ur
y
i
s
c
a
us
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by
t
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a
u
m
a
t
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c
o
r
n
o
n
-
t
r
a
um
a
t
i
c
i
n
j
ur
y
[
1]
.
T
h
e
i
nc
i
de
n
c
e
o
f
s
p
i
na
l
c
o
r
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i
nj
ur
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i
s
l
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we
r
t
h
a
n
t
h
e
ot
h
e
r
t
y
pe
o
f
i
nj
ur
y
[
2]
.
Ho
we
v
e
r
,
t
h
e
h
e
a
l
t
h
,
s
o
c
i
a
l
,
a
n
d
e
c
o
n
o
m
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c
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
c
a
us
e
d
by
t
h
e
d
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s
a
bil
i
t
y
f
r
o
m
s
p
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c
o
r
d
i
nj
ur
y
a
r
e
qu
i
t
e
s
e
v
e
r
e
.
T
h
e
s
o
c
i
a
l
a
n
d
e
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
b
ur
de
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r
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s
u
l
t
i
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g
f
r
o
m
t
h
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s
s
o
f
pr
o
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t
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y
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g
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h
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bil
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c
a
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gr
e
a
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t
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t
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m
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m
e
m
be
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s
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go
v
e
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nm
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n
t
[
3]
.
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h
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d
i
s
a
bi
li
t
y
c
a
us
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d
by
s
p
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na
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c
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d
i
nj
ur
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a
l
s
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a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
ps
y
c
h
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d
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s
o
r
de
r
s
s
uc
h
a
s
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pr
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s
s
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o
n
[
4]
a
n
d
de
c
r
e
a
s
e
d
t
h
e
qua
l
i
t
y
o
f
li
f
e
[
5]
.
Num
e
r
o
us
s
t
udi
e
s
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
t
ha
t
t
h
e
qua
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t
y
o
f
li
f
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pa
t
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e
n
t
s
w
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s
p
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na
l
c
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r
d
i
n
j
ur
y
i
s
l
o
we
r
t
h
a
n
h
e
a
l
t
hy
po
pu
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
o
r
pa
t
i
e
n
t
w
i
t
h
c
hr
o
ni
c
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
s
[
6
-
8]
.
F
a
c
t
or
s
a
f
f
e
c
t
i
n
g
pa
t
i
e
n
t
w
i
t
h
s
p
i
na
l
c
o
r
d
i
nj
ur
y
i
nc
l
ude
:
1)
S
o
c
i
o
de
m
o
gr
a
phi
c
a
n
d
e
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
;
2)
s
e
v
e
r
i
t
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
p
i
na
l
c
o
r
d
i
nj
ur
y
;
3)
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
o
n
s
e
t
a
n
d
a
g
e
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
i
n
j
ur
y
o
c
c
ur
r
e
d;
4)
p
s
y
c
h
o
s
o
c
i
a
l
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n;
5)
a
ny
c
o
m
o
r
bi
d
i
t
i
e
s
s
uc
h
a
s
ur
i
n
a
r
y
t
r
a
c
t
i
nf
e
c
t
i
o
n;
6)
m
o
bil
i
t
y
a
n
d
a
s
s
i
s
t
i
v
e
d
e
vi
c
e
s
;
7)
p
hy
s
i
c
a
l
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
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147
3.
RE
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D
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[
15]
,
M
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do
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21]
.
T
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bl
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1.
S
o
c
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de
m
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gr
a
phi
c
C
h
a
r
a
c
t
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t
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c
V
a
r
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bl
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s
T
ot
a
l
S
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x
M
a
le
34 (
72%
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F
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ma
l
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15 (
28%
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V
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r
t
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br
a
L
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ve
l
L
u
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28 (
58%
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T
h
or
a
c
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l
13
(
26%
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C
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r
v
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c
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l
8 (
16%
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A
ge
>
40
y
e
a
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s
36 (
73,5%
)
<
40
y
e
a
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13 (
26,5%
)
A
S
I
A
S
c
or
e
A
21 (
44%
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B
1 (
2%
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C
6 (
12%
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D
10 (
20%
)
E
11 (
22%
)
3.
1.
T
r
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c
t
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y
b
y
Age
Gr
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p
an
d
Gend
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r
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h
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pa
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s
w
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ge
<
40
y
e
a
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s
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s
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6
a
n
d
pa
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c
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pa
n
t
w
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h
a
ge
>
40
y
e
a
r
s
wa
s
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[
14
,
18
-
19]
.
3.
4.
Cor
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[
15]
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Va
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f
u
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t
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[
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[
20]
.
4.
CONC
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ON
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RE
F
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R
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NC
E
S
[1
]
W
o
rl
d
H
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t
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O
rg
an
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zat
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&
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h
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Sp
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[2
]
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en
,
A
.
Y
,
&
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l
a
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o
,
A
.
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em
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l
,
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.
[3
]
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b
l
ey
,
D
.
S.
,
“
T
o
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o
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p
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[4
]
W
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l
l
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a
m
s
,
R.
&
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rra
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,
A
.
,
“
Pre
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d
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s
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p
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co
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j
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:
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me
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”,
Ar
ch
P
h
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M
ed
R
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a
b
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l
9
6
,
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–
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.
[5
]
Po
s
t
,
M.
W
.
M.
&
v
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L
eeu
w
en
,
C.
M.
C.
,
“
Ps
y
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[6
]
G
ey
h
,
S.
e
t
al
.
,
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Q
u
al
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y
o
f
l
i
f
e
aft
e
r
s
p
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j
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.
[7
]
K
u
,
J
.
,
“
H
e
a
l
t
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-
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e
l
at
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d
q
u
a
l
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y
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at
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en
t
s
w
i
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h
s
p
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al
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i
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j
u
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:
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36
H
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ai
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Su
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,
Y
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s
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M
ed
J
4
8
,
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6
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7
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0
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.
[8
]
Po
s
t
,
M.
&
N
o
r
e
au
,
L
.
,
“
Q
u
al
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f
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aft
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r
s
p
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n
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n
j
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r
y
”
,
J
Neu
r
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l
P
h
ys
Th
er
2
9
,
1
3
9
–
4
6
,
2
0
0
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
2252
-
8806
I
J
P
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V
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.
7
,
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2
,
J
un
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2018:
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–
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150
[9
]
D
i
j
k
e
rs
,
M.
,
“
Q
u
al
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t
y
o
f
l
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f
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f
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n
d
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v
i
d
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y
:
A
r
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,
me
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