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f
u
l
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
n
h
e
a
l
t
h
o
r
ot
h
e
r
w
i
s
e
pr
e
d
i
s
po
s
e
i
n
d
i
vi
du
a
l
s
t
o
di
s
e
a
s
e
t
h
a
t
y
o
un
g
pe
o
p
l
e
a
do
pt
mi
g
h
t
n
ot
a
f
f
e
c
t
t
h
e
i
r
he
a
l
t
h
dur
i
ng
t
hi
s
pe
r
i
o
d,
t
h
e
y
c
a
n
h
a
ve
s
u
bs
t
a
n
t
i
a
l
e
f
f
e
c
t
s
l
a
t
e
r
i
n
li
f
e
[
3
-
5]
.
F
o
r
e
x
a
m
p
le,
n
e
a
r
l
y
t
w
o
t
hi
r
ds
o
f
pr
e
m
a
t
ur
e
de
a
t
h
s
a
n
d
o
ne
t
hi
r
d
o
f
t
h
e
t
ot
a
l
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
b
ur
de
n
i
n
a
du
l
t
s
a
r
e
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
o
r
b
e
h
a
vi
o
r
s
t
ha
t
b
e
ga
n
i
n
y
o
ut
h
,
i
nc
l
ud
i
ng
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
us
e
,
l
a
c
k
o
f
p
hy
s
i
c
a
l
a
c
t
i
vi
t
y
,
u
n
pr
o
t
e
c
t
e
d
s
e
x
,
o
r
e
x
po
s
ur
e
to
v
i
o
l
e
n
c
e
[
6,
7]
.
I
n
2012,
i
nf
e
c
t
i
o
us
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
s
we
r
e
t
h
e
l
e
a
d
i
ng
c
a
us
e
o
f
de
a
t
h
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
15
-
29
a
n
d
30
-
59
y
e
a
r
-
o
l
d
s
i
n
s
ub
-
S
a
h
a
r
a
n
Af
r
i
c
a
a
c
c
o
un
t
i
n
g
f
o
r
42.
1%
a
n
d
51
.
9%
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
ly
.
T
hi
s
wa
s
f
o
l
l
o
we
d
by
i
n
j
ur
i
e
s
(
36.
4%
)
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
15
-
29
y
e
a
r
-
o
l
ds
a
n
d
n
o
n
-
i
n
f
e
c
t
i
o
us
d
i
s
e
a
s
e
s
(
34.
2%
)
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
30
-
59
y
e
a
r
o
l
d
s
.
[
8]
.
Am
o
n
g
t
he
15
-
29
y
e
a
r
-
o
l
ds
,
o
f
a
ll
de
a
t
h
s
due
to
i
nj
ur
i
e
s
,
61.
9%
we
r
e
uni
n
t
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
38.
1%
we
r
e
i
nt
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
i
n
j
ur
i
e
s
.
[
8]
.
I
n
de
ve
l
o
p
i
n
g
c
o
un
t
r
i
e
s
,
uni
n
t
e
n
t
i
o
na
l
i
n
j
ur
i
e
s
a
r
e
a
l
e
a
d
i
ng
c
a
u
s
e
o
f
de
a
t
h
a
n
d
d
i
s
a
bil
i
t
y
in
a
do
l
e
s
c
e
n
t
s
a
n
d
i
n
j
ur
y
r
a
t
e
s
a
r
e
hi
g
h
e
s
t
a
m
o
n
g
a
do
l
e
s
c
e
n
t
s
,
c
o
m
pa
r
e
d
t
o
ot
h
e
r
a
ge
gr
o
ups
[
9
-
11]
.
A
t
l
e
a
s
t
20%
o
f
y
o
u
n
g
pe
o
p
l
e
w
i
ll
e
x
pe
r
i
e
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
a
l
he
a
l
t
h
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
,
i
nc
l
ud
i
ng
de
pr
e
s
s
i
o
n
,
m
o
o
d
d
i
s
t
ur
b
a
n
c
e
s
,
s
ubs
t
a
n
c
e
a
b
us
e
,
s
u
i
c
i
da
l
b
e
ha
vi
o
r
s
o
r
e
a
t
i
n
g
d
i
s
o
r
de
r
s
[
12]
.
Ov
e
r
we
i
g
h
t
a
n
d
o
b
e
s
i
t
y
i
s
i
nc
r
e
a
s
i
ng
a
m
o
n
g
y
o
u
n
g
pe
o
p
l
e
i
n
b
o
t
h
l
o
w
a
n
d
hi
g
h
-
i
nc
o
m
e
c
o
un
t
r
i
e
s
[
13
-
15]
.
A
d
v
e
r
s
e
h
e
a
l
t
h
b
e
h
a
vi
o
r
s
s
uc
h
a
s
b
u
l
lyi
ng,
vi
o
len
c
e
,
to
b
a
c
c
o
s
m
o
k
i
ng,
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
,
e
a
t
i
n
g
u
nh
e
a
l
t
hy
f
o
o
ds
,
s
u
i
c
i
da
l
i
de
a
t
i
o
n
,
a
n
d
il
li
c
i
t
dr
ug
us
e
h
a
v
e
be
e
n
s
h
o
wn
t
o
b
e
pr
e
v
a
l
e
n
t
a
m
o
n
g
a
do
l
e
s
c
e
n
t
s
i
n
s
e
c
o
n
da
r
y
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
[
16
-
20]
.
C
e
r
t
a
i
n
a
d
v
e
r
s
e
h
e
a
l
t
h
be
h
a
vi
o
r
s
s
e
e
m
t
o
di
f
f
e
r
by
ge
n
de
r
;
f
o
r
e
x
a
m
p
l
e
,
S
i
z
iy
a
e
t
a
l
.
f
o
u
n
d
t
h
e
pr
e
v
a
l
e
n
c
e
o
f
c
i
ga
r
e
t
t
e
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
i
n
m
a
l
e
a
do
l
e
s
c
e
n
t
s
t
ude
n
t
s
i
n
Ki
li
m
a
nj
a
r
o
,
T
a
n
z
a
ni
a
,
to
b
e
tw
i
c
e
a
s
hi
g
h
a
s
t
h
a
t
i
n
f
e
m
a
l
e
s
[
21,
22]
.
M
a
ny
ne
ga
t
i
v
e
c
o
n
s
e
que
n
c
e
s
a
c
c
o
m
pa
ny
s
o
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
a
d
v
e
r
s
e
h
e
a
l
t
h
b
e
h
a
vi
o
r
s
,
i
nc
l
ud
i
ng
c
r
im
i
na
l
pr
o
s
e
c
ut
i
o
n
,
s
c
h
o
o
l
f
a
il
ur
e
a
n
d
dr
o
po
u
t,
s
ubs
t
a
n
c
e
de
pe
n
de
n
c
e
,
u
nin
t
e
n
de
d
pr
e
gn
a
n
c
y
,
a
n
d
s
e
x
ua
ll
y
t
r
a
n
s
mi
t
t
e
d
i
nf
e
c
t
i
o
ns
(
S
T
I
)
,
n
ot
a
bl
y
h
u
m
a
n
i
mm
u
n
o
de
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
vi
r
u
s
(
HI
V
)
[
23
-
25]
.
S
t
udi
e
s
h
a
ve
s
h
o
wn
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
i
o
n
s
b
e
t
we
e
n
a
d
v
e
r
s
e
h
e
a
l
t
h
b
e
h
a
vi
o
r
s
i
nc
l
ud
i
ng
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
a
n
d
il
li
c
i
t
s
ubs
t
a
n
c
e
us
e
a
n
d
a
n
i
nc
r
e
a
s
e
d
r
i
s
k
o
f
vi
o
l
e
n
t
b
e
ha
vi
o
r
[
26]
.
F
a
r
h
a
t
a
n
d
c
o
l
l
e
a
gu
e
s
,
i
n
t
h
e
i
r
s
t
ud
y
o
f
U
ni
t
e
d
S
t
a
t
e
s
y
o
ut
h
f
o
un
d
o
v
e
r
we
i
g
h
t
a
n
d
o
b
e
s
i
t
y
t
o
b
e
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
a
dv
e
r
s
e
he
a
l
t
h
b
e
h
a
vi
o
r
s
l
i
k
e
c
i
ga
r
e
t
t
e
s
m
o
k
i
n
g,
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
a
n
d
s
u
bs
t
a
n
c
e
us
e
[
27]
.
T
h
e
G
l
o
b
a
l
S
c
h
o
o
l
–
ba
s
e
d
S
t
ude
n
t
He
a
l
t
h
S
ur
v
e
y
s
(
GSHS
)
i
nv
o
l
vi
ng
s
e
c
o
n
da
r
y
s
c
h
o
o
l
c
hil
dr
e
n
a
ge
d
13
–
15
y
e
a
r
s
wa
s
c
o
n
duc
t
e
d
i
n
19
l
o
w
a
n
d
mi
dd
l
e
-
i
nc
o
m
e
c
o
un
t
r
i
e
s
b
e
t
we
e
n
2003
a
n
d
2006.
D
a
t
a
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
ur
v
e
y
s
h
o
we
d
t
h
a
t
Uga
n
d
a
n
s
t
ude
n
t
s
f
r
e
que
nt
l
y
r
e
po
r
t
e
d
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
c
o
ns
u
m
pt
i
o
n
(
12.
8%
)
,
i
ll
i
c
i
t
dr
ug
us
e
(
8.
5%
)
,
b
e
i
n
g
b
u
ll
i
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
pr
e
c
e
d
i
n
g
30
d
a
y
s
(
4
5.
5%
)
,
s
u
i
c
i
de
i
de
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
he
pr
e
c
e
d
i
ng
12
m
o
n
t
hs
(
18.
8%
,
g
i
r
l
s
:
22.
8%
,
b
o
y
s
:
14.
5%
)
a
n
d
to
b
a
c
c
o
us
e
i
n
t
h
e
l
a
s
t
30
da
y
s
(
4.
3%
)
[
28]
.
F
e
w
r
e
c
e
n
t
s
t
udi
e
s
h
a
v
e
be
e
n
c
o
n
duc
t
e
d
i
n
s
u
b
-
S
a
h
a
r
a
n
Af
r
i
c
a
a
m
o
n
g
a
do
l
e
s
c
e
n
t
s
i
n
s
e
c
o
n
da
r
y
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
t
h
a
t
de
s
c
r
i
b
e
t
h
e
o
c
c
ur
r
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
hi
p
b
e
t
we
e
n
a
dve
r
s
e
he
a
l
t
h
b
e
ha
vi
o
r
s
;
o
f
t
h
o
s
e
s
t
udi
e
s
publi
s
h
e
d
t
h
e
y
o
nly
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
f
e
w
k
e
y
a
d
v
e
r
s
e
h
e
a
l
t
h
be
h
a
vi
o
r
s
s
uc
h
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
[
22,
29,
30]
,
b
u
ll
yi
ng[
25]
,
phy
s
i
c
a
l
f
i
g
h
t
i
n
g[
18]
a
n
d
s
u
i
c
i
d
a
l
i
de
a
t
i
o
n
[
20]
.
W
h
e
r
e
a
s
s
uc
h
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
i
s
im
po
r
t
a
n
t
f
o
r
y
o
ut
h
h
e
a
l
t
h
po
l
i
c
y
f
o
r
m
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
pr
o
gr
a
m
m
i
ng
e
f
f
o
r
t
s
,
n
o
da
t
a
t
h
a
t
a
de
qu
a
t
e
l
y
de
s
c
r
i
be
s
Uga
n
da
n
s
e
c
o
n
da
r
y
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
t
ude
n
t
s
’
a
d
v
e
r
s
e
h
e
a
l
t
h
be
h
a
vio
r
i
s
a
v
a
il
a
bl
e
.
W
e
r
e
po
r
t
h
e
r
e
o
n
t
h
e
f
i
nd
i
ngs
o
f
a
2010
s
ur
v
e
y
a
m
o
n
g
s
e
c
o
n
da
r
y
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
t
ude
n
t
s
i
n
K
a
m
p
a
l
a
,
Uga
n
da
,
t
h
a
t
e
x
a
mi
ne
d
s
e
lf
-
r
e
po
r
t
e
d
s
ui
c
i
d
e
i
de
a
t
i
o
n
,
s
c
h
o
o
l
a
bs
e
n
t
e
e
i
s
m
a
n
d
e
n
ga
ge
m
e
n
t
i
n
phy
s
i
c
a
l
f
igh
t
i
n
g.
2.
RE
S
E
AR
CH
M
E
T
HO
D
2.
1.
S
u
r
ve
y
s
e
t
t
in
g
an
d
p
op
u
l
at
ion
A
c
r
o
s
s
-
s
e
c
t
i
o
na
l
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c
hil
d.
S
t
ude
n
t
s
w
h
o
we
r
e
b
e
l
o
w
18
y
e
a
r
s
o
f
a
ge
we
r
e
a
s
s
e
n
t
e
d
a
n
d
t
h
o
s
e
a
b
o
v
e
18
y
e
a
r
s
we
r
e
c
o
n
s
e
n
t
e
d.
S
a
m
p
l
e
d
s
t
ude
n
t
s
we
r
e
e
n
r
o
l
l
e
d
i
f
ne
i
t
h
e
r
pa
r
e
n
t
n
o
r
s
t
ude
n
t
i
nd
i
c
a
t
e
d
r
e
f
u
s
a
l
.
S
t
ude
n
t
a
s
s
e
n
t
/co
n
s
e
n
t
wa
s
o
b
t
a
i
n
e
d
e
l
e
c
t
r
o
ni
c
a
ll
y
,
u
s
i
ng
h
a
n
d
h
e
l
d
c
o
m
put
e
r
s
.
All
pa
r
t
i
c
i
pa
n
t
s
we
r
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
e
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
y
we
r
e
f
r
e
e
n
o
t
to
pa
r
t
i
c
i
pa
t
e
,
f
r
e
e
n
ot
to
r
e
s
p
o
n
d
t
o
a
ny
o
f
t
h
e
que
s
t
i
o
n
s
th
e
y
f
e
l
t
un
c
o
m
f
o
r
t
a
bl
e
w
i
t
h
,
a
n
d
f
r
e
e
t
o
s
to
p
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
r
vi
e
w
a
t
a
ny
t
i
m
e
.
P
e
r
s
o
n
a
l
i
de
n
t
i
f
i
e
r
s
we
r
e
n
o
t
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
e
d.
Af
t
e
r
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
r
vi
e
w,
s
t
ude
n
t
s
we
r
e
o
f
f
e
r
e
d
s
m
a
ll
g
i
f
t
s
li
k
e
pe
n
s
,
r
u
l
e
r
s
a
n
d
pe
nc
i
l
s
v
a
l
ue
d
a
t
a
ppr
o
xi
m
a
t
e
l
y
o
n
e
US
do
l
l
a
r
.
No
i
n
c
e
n
t
i
v
e
wa
s
o
f
f
e
r
e
d
to
pa
r
t
i
c
i
pa
t
i
n
g
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
.
3.
RE
S
UL
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
YSI
S
3.
1.
De
m
ogr
ap
h
ics
T
h
r
e
e
t
h
o
us
a
n
d
f
o
ur
-
h
u
n
dr
e
d
t
hi
r
t
y
-
o
n
e
(
3,
431)
s
e
c
o
n
da
r
y
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
t
ude
n
t
s
a
tt
e
n
d
i
ng
f
o
r
m
3
–
6(
gr
a
de
9
-
12)
,
i
n
54
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
a
gr
e
e
d
t
o
pa
r
t
i
c
i
p
a
t
e
i
n
t
h
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
.
T
h
e
o
v
e
r
a
ll
r
e
s
po
ns
e
r
a
t
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
ur
v
e
y
wa
s
68.
2%
.
T
h
e
m
a
j
o
r
i
t
y
o
f
r
e
s
po
n
de
n
t
s
we
r
e
f
e
m
a
l
e
(
52.
6%
)
a
n
d
a
ge
d
18
y
e
a
r
s
o
r
b
e
l
o
w
(
72.
2%
)
.
T
h
e
m
e
a
n
a
ge
f
o
r
b
o
y
s
w
a
s
18.
24
y
e
a
r
s
(
14
-
33)
a
n
d
f
o
r
g
i
r
l
s
wa
s
1
7.
39
y
e
a
r
s
(
13
-
27)
.
M
o
s
t
we
r
e
o
f
n
o
r
m
a
l
we
i
g
h
t
(
84.
5%
,
de
f
i
ne
d
a
s
a
b
o
d
y
m
a
s
s
i
n
d
e
x
f
o
r
a
ge
b
e
t
we
e
n
5t
h
a
n
d
85t
h
pe
r
c
e
n
t
i
l
e
)
a
n
d
h
a
d
e
n
g
a
ge
d
i
n
p
hy
s
i
c
a
l
a
c
t
i
vi
t
y
i
n
t
h
e
l
a
s
t
s
e
v
e
n
da
y
s
(
90.
5%
)
.
On
e
i
n
s
e
v
e
n
s
t
ude
n
t
s
(
16.
9%
)
t
r
i
e
d
t
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
we
i
g
h
t
by
t
a
k
i
n
g
l
a
xa
t
i
v
e
s
o
r
v
o
m
i
t
i
ng;
27.
2%
e
v
e
r
c
o
ns
u
m
e
d
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
;
4.
7%
e
ve
r
s
m
o
ke
d
to
b
a
c
c
o
pr
o
duc
t
s
;
17.
6%
we
r
e
b
u
l
l
i
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
30
da
y
s
pr
e
c
e
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
ur
v
e
y
;
46.
8%
we
r
e
s
e
r
i
o
us
l
y
i
n
j
ur
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
12
m
o
n
t
h
s
pr
e
c
e
d
i
ng
t
h
e
s
ur
v
e
y
li
k
e
b
r
o
ke
n
b
o
n
e
,
c
ut
o
r
s
t
a
b
wo
un
d,
h
e
a
d
o
r
n
e
c
k
i
nj
ur
y
e
t
c
.
a
n
d
5.
4%
e
v
e
r
us
e
d
il
li
c
i
t
dr
ugs
l
i
ke
m
a
r
i
j
u
a
n
a
o
r
b
a
n
g
hi
,
kh
a
t
i
e
t
c
.
O
n
e
i
n
t
wo
s
t
ude
n
t
s
h
a
d
b
e
e
n
a
b
s
e
n
t
f
r
o
m
s
c
h
o
o
l
w
i
t
h
o
ut
pe
r
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
i
n
t
h
e
30
d
a
y
s
pr
e
c
e
d
i
n
g
t
he
s
ur
v
e
y
.
O
n
e
i
n
s
e
v
e
n
s
t
ude
n
t
s
(
13.
6%
,
f
e
m
a
l
e
s
:
17.
2%
,
m
a
l
e
s
:
10.
4%
)
h
a
d
c
o
n
s
i
de
r
e
d
c
o
m
mi
t
t
i
n
g
s
u
i
c
i
de
in
t
h
e
12
m
o
n
t
h
s
pr
e
c
e
d
i
ng
t
h
e
s
ur
v
e
y
a
n
d
25.
1%
e
n
ga
g
e
d
i
n
a
p
hy
s
i
c
a
l
vi
o
l
e
nc
e
.
T
h
e
de
t
a
i
l
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
c
i
o
-
de
m
o
gr
a
phi
c
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
a
r
e
s
h
o
wn
i
n
T
a
bl
e
1.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
P
HS
I
S
S
N:
2252
-
8806
Suicide
I
de
ati
on,
Sc
hool
A
bs
e
ntee
is
m
and
P
hy
s
ical
V
iol
e
nc
e
among
Se
c
ondar
y
…
(
Samue
l
Se
ndagala
)
297
T
a
bl
e
1.
S
o
c
i
o
-
De
m
o
gr
a
phi
c
a
n
d
B
e
h
a
vi
o
r
a
l
C
ha
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
o
f
S
e
c
o
n
da
r
y
S
c
h
o
o
l
S
t
ude
n
t
s
(
N=
3,
431
)
,
K
a
m
pa
l
a
,
Uga
n
da
,
2010
C
ha
r
a
c
te
r
is
ti
c
M
a
le
N
=
1695
F
e
ma
l
e
N
=
1736
T
ot
a
l
N
=
3431
p
-
v
a
lu
e
n (
%
)
n (
%
)
n (
%
)
D
e
m
o
gr
a
phi
c
s
A
ge
i
n
y
e
a
r
s
<
0.001
≤ 18
1023 (
64.8)
1355 (
80.3)
2378 (
72.2)
>
18
672 (
35.2)
381 (
19.7)
1053 (
27.8)
W
e
ig
ht
s
ta
tu
s
(
B
M
I
f
o
r
a
g
e
)
a
<
0.001
U
nde
r
w
e
ig
ht
(
<
5
th
pe
r
c
e
nt
il
e
)
220 (
13.1)
42 (
2.4)
262 (
8.0)
N
o
r
ma
l
(
5
th
–
85
th
pe
r
c
e
nt
i
le
)
1446 (
84.9)
1453 (
84.1)
2899 (
84.5)
O
ve
r
w
e
ig
ht
(
≤ 85
th
–
<
95
th
pe
r
c
e
nt
il
e
)
23 (
1.3)
206 (
11.6)
229 (
6.2)
O
be
s
e
(
≥ 95
th
pe
r
c
e
nt
i
le
)
5 (
0.7)
35 (
1.9)
40 (
1.3)
I
nde
p
e
nd
e
nt
V
a
r
ia
bl
e
s
W
e
ig
ht
c
o
n
tr
o
l
b
y
t
a
ki
ng l
a
x
a
ti
ve
s
or
vo
mi
ti
ng
310 (
16.1)
333 (
17.8)
643 (
16.9)
0.330
E
nga
ge
d i
n ph
y
s
ic
a
l
a
c
ti
v
it
y
i
n
la
s
t
7 da
y
s
1557 (
91.2)
1556 (
89.6)
3113 (
90.5)
0.290
E
ve
r
c
o
ns
um
e
d a
lc
o
h
o
l
559 (
33.0)
377 (
20.9)
936 (
27.2)
<
0.001
E
ve
r
s
mo
k
e
d t
o
ba
c
c
o
130
(
7.0)
39 (
2.2)
169 (
4.7)
<
0.001
B
ul
li
e
d i
n l
a
s
t
30 da
y
s
309 (
18.4)
287 (
17.0)
596 (
17.6)
0.544
S
e
r
i
o
us
l
y
i
nj
u
r
e
d
in
l
a
s
t
12 mo
nt
hs
857 (
47.6)
831 (
46.0)
1688 (
46.8)
0.523
E
ve
r
c
o
ns
um
e
d/
us
e
d i
ll
ic
i
t
dr
ugs
134 (
7.5)
53 (
3.1)
187 (
5.4)
<
0.001
D
e
pe
nd
e
nt
V
a
r
ia
bl
e
s
A
bs
e
nt
f
r
o
m s
c
h
ool
w
it
h
o
ut
pe
r
mi
s
s
io
n i
n
la
s
t
30 da
y
s
906 (
50.6)
907 (
51.2)
1813 (
50.9)
0.806
C
o
ns
id
e
r
e
d
c
o
mm
it
ti
ng s
ui
c
id
e
i
n l
a
s
t
12 m
o
nt
hs
218 (
10.4)
306 (
17.2)
524 (
13.6)
<
0.001
E
nga
ge
d i
n ph
y
s
ic
a
l
v
i
ol
e
n
c
e
i
n l
a
s
t
12
m
o
nt
hs
520 (
28.0)
424 (
22.0)
944 (
25.1)
0.004
a
N
o
t
e
:
B
M
I
:
B
o
d
y
ma
s
s
i
nde
x
-
f
o
r
-
a
g
e
p
e
r
c
e
nt
il
e
s
.
**
M
is
s
in
g d
a
ta
i
s
no
t
s
ho
w
n
f
or
v
a
r
i
o
us
v
a
r
ia
bl
e
s
3.
2.
B
ivar
iat
e
an
al
ys
is
T
a
bl
e
2
s
h
o
ws
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
bi
va
r
i
a
t
e
a
n
a
lys
i
s
f
o
r
p
ot
e
n
t
i
a
l
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
s
u
i
c
i
de
i
de
a
t
i
o
n
,
s
c
h
o
o
l
a
b
s
e
n
t
e
e
i
s
m
,
a
n
d
e
n
g
a
ge
m
e
n
t
i
n
phy
s
i
c
a
l
vi
o
l
e
n
c
e
.
W
e
i
g
h
t
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
(
o
dds
r
a
t
i
o
[
OR
]
=
2.
99,
95%
C
I
[
2.
22
-
4
.
03]
)
,
e
v
e
r
h
a
vi
ng
s
m
o
ke
d
(
O
R
=
1.
85,
95%
C
I
[
1.
10
-
3.
08
]
)
,
s
e
r
i
o
us
i
nj
ur
i
e
s
i
n
t
h
e
l
a
s
t
12
m
o
n
t
h
s
(
OR
=
1.
90,
95%
C
I
[
1
.
4
2
-
2
.
54]
)
,
e
v
e
r
h
a
vi
ng
us
e
d
i
ll
i
c
i
t
dr
ugs
(
OR
=
2.
15,
95%
C
I
[
1.
3
4
-
3.
43]
)
,
s
c
h
o
o
l
a
b
s
e
n
t
e
e
i
s
m
(
OR
=
1.
67,
95%
C
I
[
1.
25
-
2
.
2
4]
)
,
e
n
ga
ge
m
e
n
t
i
n
p
hy
s
i
c
a
l
vi
o
l
e
n
c
e
(
OR
=
2.
07,
95%
C
I
[
1.
56
-
2
.
74]
)
a
n
d
h
a
vi
ng
b
e
e
n
b
u
ll
i
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
30
da
y
s
pr
e
c
e
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
ur
v
e
y
(
OR
=
1.
64,
95%
C
I
[
1
.
1
9
-
2.
27]
)
we
r
e
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
ly
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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8806
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V
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7
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De
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2018:
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298
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3.05(
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3.
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3
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.
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a
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3B
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d
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wa
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;
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phy
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2252
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8806
Suicide
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(
Samue
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299
T
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3.
M
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s
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An
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ti
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B
ul
li
e
d
in
t
h
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l
a
s
t
30 da
y
s
1.07(
0.63
-
1.80)
0.800
1.73(
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-
2.67)
0.014
1.39(
0.99
-
1.94)
0.056
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1.93(
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1.53(
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2.24)
0.028
1.67(
1.25
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2.24)
0.001
E
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r
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d i
ll
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c
it
d
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1.98(
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4.10)
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T
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3
B
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1.95)
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0.001
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1.53(
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T
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3
C
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1.92(
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3.07(
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3.06(
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2.95)
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2.65(
1.64
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0.001
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4.
DI
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c
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[
28
]
.
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[
20
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24
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[
31
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[
32
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.
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s
[
33
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
2252
-
8806
I
J
P
HS
V
o
l
.
7
,
N
o.
4
,
De
c
e
m
b
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r
2018:
293
–
302
300
I
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f
a
ll
s
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ude
n
t
s
(
50.
9%
,
95%
C
I
[
48.
5
-
53.
4
]
)
h
a
d
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e
e
n
a
b
s
e
n
t
f
r
o
m
s
c
h
o
o
l
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n
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he
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y
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pr
e
c
e
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i
ng
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h
e
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ur
v
e
y
.
T
hi
s
i
s
hi
g
h
e
r
t
h
a
n
3
4.
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(
95%
C
I
[
31.
0
-
38.
7]
)
t
h
a
t
wa
s
r
e
po
r
t
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
GSHS
s
t
udy
[
28
]
.
F
a
c
t
o
r
s
p
o
s
i
t
i
ve
ly
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
w
i
t
h
s
c
h
o
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l
a
bs
e
n
t
e
e
i
s
m
i
n
t
hi
s
s
t
ud
y
w
e
r
e
:
li
f
e
t
i
m
e
hi
s
to
r
y
o
f
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
us
e
,
h
a
vi
ng
b
e
e
n
b
u
ll
i
e
d,
s
e
r
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o
us
i
nj
ur
y
i
n
t
h
e
l
a
s
t
12
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o
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h
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n
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de
a
t
i
o
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h
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il
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ur
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t
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o
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ude
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ur
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e
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o
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h
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ude
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a
t
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t
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t
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ugge
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ub
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h
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ll
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g
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m
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ny
Ka
m
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l
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f
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mi
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s
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n
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ge
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e
n
t
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n
p
hy
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s
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xhi
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i
t
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by
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1
%
(
95%
C
I
[
23.
1
-
27.
2]
)
o
f
s
t
ude
n
t
s
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T
his
wa
s
l
e
s
s
t
h
a
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e
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5%
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95%
C
I
[
32.
1
-
39
.
0]
)
pr
e
v
a
l
e
n
c
e
do
c
u
m
e
n
t
e
d
i
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t
h
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ud
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m
o
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g
t
h
e
Uga
n
da
n
s
t
ude
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t
s
,
43%
i
n
US
hi
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h
s
c
h
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ude
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a
n
d
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a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
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c
h
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l
-
e
n
r
o
l
l
e
d
a
do
l
e
s
c
e
n
t
s
in
Na
m
i
b
i
a
[
18
,
26
,
28
]
.
T
hi
s
c
o
u
l
d
b
e
e
x
p
l
a
i
ne
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by
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h
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ge
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Uga
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c
h
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l
s
t
h
us
t
hi
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mi
g
h
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h
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ve
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ude
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o
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ug
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phy
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c
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l
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c
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t
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he
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t
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n
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ng
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n
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l
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d.
T
hi
s
wa
s
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
e
n
t
w
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h
f
i
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d
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n
gs
r
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po
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d
by
R
uda
t
s
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k
i
r
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e
t
a
l
.
o
f
a
s
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o
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i
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t
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b
e
t
we
e
n
phy
s
i
c
a
l
f
i
g
h
t
s
,
i
l
li
c
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t
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ug
us
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a
n
d
b
u
ll
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i
n
t
h
e
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r
s
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ud
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m
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g
s
c
h
o
o
l
-
go
i
n
g
a
do
l
e
s
c
e
n
t
s
i
n
Na
mi
bi
a
[
18
]
.
I
n
a
dd
i
t
i
o
n
,
Duka
r
m
e
t
a
l
.
i
n
t
h
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i
r
s
t
ud
y
o
f
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t
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a
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o
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o
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g
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t
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a
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hi
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c
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f
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t
b
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h
a
vi
o
r
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m
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g
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do
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wh
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c
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bs
t
a
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c
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s
t
h
a
n
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m
o
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g
t
h
o
s
e
who
di
d
n
o
t
r
e
por
t
a
ny
dr
ug
us
e
[
26
]
.
T
h
u
l
l
e
n
e
t
a
l
i
n
t
h
e
i
r
s
t
udy
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d
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tt
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pe
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pe
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pe
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lf
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wi
t
h
s
u
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c
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de
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de
a
t
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o
n
[
34
]
.
T
h
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s
li
mi
t
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d
a
v
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t
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.
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a
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(
g
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a
de
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5.
CONC
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AC
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[1
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U
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Pat
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