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]
.
So
cial
d
is
tan
ci
n
g
estab
lis
h
m
e
n
t
an
d
d
ela
y
s
i
n
ed
u
ca
tio
n
a
n
d
w
o
r
k
p
lace
o
p
en
i
n
g
u
n
i
m
a
g
i
n
ab
l
y
af
f
ec
t
all
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
s
ta
k
e
h
o
ld
er
s
[
1
1
]
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
m
i
s
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
th
at
r
ep
r
esen
t
a
cr
u
cial
g
r
o
u
p
in
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
f
ield
.
Un
i
v
er
s
it
y
s
tu
d
en
t
s
d
ef
i
n
e
as
a
s
p
ec
ial
a
n
d
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
g
r
o
u
p
,
s
u
c
h
as
s
o
cial
co
n
tr
o
l,
m
o
r
al
f
o
r
ce
,
ir
o
n
s
to
ck
,
a
g
e
n
t
o
f
c
h
a
n
g
e,
an
d
d
ir
ec
t
o
f
ch
a
n
g
e.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
u
n
iv
er
s
it
y
s
t
u
d
en
ts
ar
e
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
m
o
s
t
ac
tiv
e
m
e
m
b
er
s
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
p
lat
f
o
r
m
s
.
T
h
eir
p
e
r
ce
p
tio
n
s
an
d
b
eh
a
v
io
r
s
co
u
ld
h
av
e
a
m
as
s
i
v
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
t
h
e
s
p
r
ea
d
o
f
a
p
an
d
e
m
ic
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
v
ir
al
o
u
tb
r
ea
k
p
u
b
lic
m
o
r
e
ad
h
er
e
s
to
war
d
s
th
e
p
r
ev
e
n
ti
v
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
w
h
ic
h
i
s
h
i
g
h
l
y
r
e
f
lec
ted
b
y
t
h
eir
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
attit
u
d
e,
an
d
p
r
ac
tic
e.
T
h
e
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
i
s
also
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
to
i
s
s
u
e
a
h
ea
lt
h
p
r
o
to
co
l
f
o
r
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
,
o
n
e
o
f
w
h
ic
h
is
ca
lli
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
p
u
b
lic
to
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t
s
o
cial
d
is
ta
n
cin
g
o
r
p
h
y
s
ical
d
is
ta
n
ci
n
g
[
1
3
]
.
So
cial
d
is
tan
ci
n
g
m
ea
n
s
s
ta
y
i
n
g
a
w
a
y
f
r
o
m
cr
o
w
d
s
,
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
,
s
t
u
d
y
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
w
o
r
s
h
ip
in
g
at
h
o
m
e,
m
i
n
i
m
izi
n
g
to
u
ch
i
n
g
,
an
d
b
ein
g
clo
s
e
to
o
th
er
p
eo
p
le.
P
h
y
s
ica
l
d
is
tan
ci
n
g
a
n
d
d
ela
y
s
in
o
p
e
n
in
g
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
tit
u
tio
n
s
i
m
p
ac
t
all
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
tak
e
h
o
ld
er
s
i
n
a
n
u
n
p
r
ec
ed
en
ted
w
a
y
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
i
s
es
s
en
t
ial
to
e
v
al
u
ate
th
eir
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
e
m
ic.
I
t
is
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
to
co
n
ce
r
n
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
an
d
a
ttit
u
d
e
t
h
at
u
n
d
er
lies
p
r
ac
tice
ag
ai
n
s
t
t
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
e
m
ic.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
ai
m
e
d
to
illu
s
tr
ate
t
h
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
l
ev
el
a
n
d
attit
u
d
e
t
h
at
u
n
d
er
l
y
p
r
ac
tice
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
d
is
ea
s
es,
tr
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
p
atter
n
s
,
ass
o
ciate
d
ter
m
s
,
an
d
p
r
e
v
e
n
tio
n
m
ea
s
u
r
es
a
g
ai
n
s
t
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
e
m
ic
o
n
m
ed
ical
s
t
u
d
en
t
s
an
d
n
o
n
-
m
ed
ical
s
t
u
d
en
ts
i
n
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
en
t
s
ar
e
p
lay
i
n
g
an
ac
ti
v
e
r
o
le
in
co
n
v
e
y
in
g
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
to
t
h
e
m
a
s
s
e
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
i
s
s
tu
d
y
w
a
s
an
an
a
ly
t
ic
o
b
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
t
es
t
u
s
in
g
a
c
r
o
s
s
-
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
l
s
t
u
d
y
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
w
a
s
c
o
n
d
u
c
t
e
d
f
r
o
m
J
u
ly
22
-
29
,
2020
,
w
ith
in
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
a
n
d
ex
c
lu
s
i
o
n
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
’
s
in
cl
u
s
i
o
n
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
w
e
r
e
:
i
)
a
ct
iv
e
p
r
e
-
c
l
in
i
c
al
an
d
c
li
n
i
c
a
l
s
t
u
d
en
ts
o
f
th
e
g
en
e
r
a
l
m
e
d
i
cin
e
De
p
a
r
tm
en
t
a
t
th
e
Un
iv
e
r
s
it
a
s
D
i
p
o
n
eg
o
r
o
,
ii
)
a
c
t
iv
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
o
f
N
u
r
s
in
g
,
D
en
t
is
t
r
y
,
Ph
a
r
m
a
cy
,
an
d
Nu
t
r
i
ti
o
n
a
l
Sci
e
n
ce
d
e
p
a
r
tm
en
ts
a
t
t
h
e
Un
iv
e
r
s
i
t
as
Di
p
o
n
eg
o
r
o
,
iii
)
a
c
tiv
e
n
o
n
-
m
e
d
ic
a
l
s
tu
d
en
ts
a
t
th
e
U
n
iv
e
r
s
i
t
as
D
i
p
o
n
eg
o
r
o
,
iv
)
s
tu
d
e
n
t
s
w
h
o
a
r
e
w
i
ll
in
g
t
o
p
a
r
t
i
c
i
p
a
te
in
th
e
s
tu
d
y
,
v
)
s
tu
d
e
n
t
s
f
u
lf
il
l
in
g
th
e
q
u
e
s
t
i
o
n
n
a
i
r
e
u
l
tim
a
t
e
ly
,
vi
)
s
tu
d
en
ts
w
i
th
in
t
e
r
n
e
t
a
c
c
ess
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
’
s
ex
c
lu
s
i
o
n
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
w
e
r
e
:
i
)
c
l
in
ic
a
l
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
c
l
as
s
2
0
1
4
o
f
g
e
n
e
r
a
l
m
e
d
i
cin
e
De
p
a
r
tm
en
t
.
E
q
u
ip
m
e
n
t
an
d
m
a
ter
ials
u
tili
ze
d
in
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
w
er
e
a
q
u
est
io
n
n
air
e
co
m
p
r
i
s
ed
o
f
f
o
u
r
p
ar
ts
,
(i
)
d
e
m
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
s
,
w
h
ic
h
s
u
r
v
e
y
ed
p
ar
ticip
a
n
ts
’
s
o
cio
-
d
e
m
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
in
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
in
cl
u
d
in
g
ag
e,
g
e
n
d
er
,
b
atch
y
ea
r
,
f
ac
u
lt
y
o
r
d
ep
ar
tm
e
n
t,
f
a
m
il
y
in
h
ea
lt
h
w
o
r
k
er
f
ield
s
,
clo
s
est
p
eo
p
le
d
iag
n
o
s
ed
w
it
h
C
OVI
D
-
19
,
(
ii
)
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
C
O
VI
D
-
1
9
(
K1
—
K3
0
)
,
(
iii
)
attitu
d
es
to
w
ar
d
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
(
A
1
—
A
1
1
)
,
(
iv
)
p
r
a
ctice
s
r
elev
an
t
to
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
(
P
1
—
P
1
0
)
,
all
o
f
th
e
q
u
es
tio
n
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
o
n
lin
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
Go
o
g
le
f
o
r
m
.
A
ll
q
u
e
s
tio
n
s
an
d
s
tate
m
e
n
ts
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
w
i
th
y
es
,
o
r
n
o
an
s
w
er
s
,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
th
e
n
b
ased
o
n
th
e
r
esu
lt
s
o
f
t
h
e
to
tal
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t
s
ca
teg
o
r
ized
in
p
er
ce
n
t
,
an
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
r
r
ec
t
an
s
w
er
s
a
n
d
g
o
o
d
v
s
.
b
ad
cu
t
-
o
f
f
s
w
er
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
ased
o
n
s
tati
s
tical
r
es
u
lt
s
i
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
t
h
e
m
ea
n
o
f
ea
ch
v
ar
iab
le
ca
teg
o
r
y
.
I
n
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
,
b
e
f
o
r
e
an
al
y
zin
g
d
ata,
d
ata
ed
iti
n
g
w
as
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
.
T
h
e
d
ata
o
b
tain
ed
w
er
e
in
v
e
s
ti
g
ated
f
o
r
th
eir
co
m
p
let
en
es
s
an
d
er
r
o
r
s
,
an
d
th
en
p
u
t
in
to
tab
les
in
a
co
m
p
u
ter
f
il
e,
Mic
r
o
s
o
f
t
E
x
ce
l.
T
h
e
an
al
y
s
is
w
as
ca
r
r
i
ed
o
u
t
u
s
i
n
g
S
P
SS
Ver
s
io
n
2
3
.
T
h
e
u
n
i
v
ar
iate
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
ai
m
ed
to
o
b
tain
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
.
T
h
e
b
iv
ar
iate
an
al
y
s
i
s
u
s
ed
th
e
C
h
i
-
s
q
u
ar
e
tes
t.
T
h
e
C
h
i
-
s
q
u
ar
e
test
w
a
s
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
to
co
m
p
ar
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
s
o
f
ea
ch
ca
te
g
o
r
y
v
ar
iab
le
.
T
h
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
le
in
f
l
u
en
ce
o
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
iab
les
w
as
a
s
s
e
s
s
ed
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
o
d
d
r
atio
(
OR
)
v
alu
e.
T
h
e
co
n
f
id
e
n
ce
i
n
ter
v
a
l
u
til
ized
w
as
9
5
%
(
9
5
%
C
I
)
.
T
h
e
C
h
i
-
s
q
u
ar
e
te
s
t
w
as
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
to
f
in
d
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
s
i
n
g
r
o
u
p
s
(
g
o
o
d
v
s
.
b
ad
)
b
ased
o
n
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
le
v
el
v
ar
iab
le
o
f
m
ed
ical
an
d
n
o
n
-
m
ed
ical
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
.
T
h
e
p
-
v
al
u
es
b
elo
w
0
.
0
5
w
er
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
t in
all
te
s
ts
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
's
s
a
m
p
l
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
w
a
s
co
n
s
ec
u
tiv
e
s
a
m
p
li
n
g
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
p
le
s
ize
w
as
o
b
tain
ed
b
a
s
ed
o
n
t
h
e
ca
teg
o
r
ical
-
a
n
al
y
tical
s
a
m
p
li
n
g
f
o
r
m
u
la
f
o
r
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
s
tu
d
ies
w
it
h
m
i
n
i
m
al
n
ee
d
ed
o
n
ea
c
h
g
r
o
u
p
i
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
9
6
p
eo
p
le
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187
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c
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p
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es.
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h
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s
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ille
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.
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w
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s
co
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f
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t
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ar
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r
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P
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I
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0
2
0
.
Data
w
er
e
co
llected
b
y
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
ti
n
g
t
h
e
q
u
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
e
to
s
t
u
d
y
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
w
h
o
w
er
e
s
elec
ted
an
d
willin
g
to
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
t
h
e
s
t
u
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y
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co
m
p
leti
n
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th
e
“
P
ar
ticip
atio
n
W
illi
n
g
n
ess
Fo
r
m
”
o
n
t
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q
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est
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n
air
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'
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esp
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u
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c
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3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Study
re
s
po
nd
ent
cha
ra
ct
er
is
t
ics
Un
i
v
er
s
i
ta
s
Dip
o
n
eg
o
r
o
h
as
1
1
f
ac
u
ltie
s
:
Me
d
ical
Facu
lt
y
,
L
a
w
Fac
u
lt
y
,
P
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
y
Fac
u
lt
y
,
P
u
b
li
c
Hea
lth
Fac
u
lt
y
(
FKM)
,
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
Fac
u
lt
y
,
An
i
m
al
H
u
s
b
an
d
r
y
a
n
d
A
g
r
ic
u
lt
u
r
e
Facu
l
t
y
(
FP
P
)
,
E
c
o
n
o
m
y
an
d
B
u
s
in
e
s
s
Fac
u
lt
y
(
FEB
)
,
So
cial
an
d
P
o
liti
ca
l
Scien
ce
Facu
lt
y
(
FISI
P
)
,
Scien
ce
an
d
Ma
th
e
m
atics
Fac
u
lt
y
(
FS
M)
,
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h
er
y
an
d
Ma
r
i
n
e
Scien
ce
Fac
u
lt
y
(
FP
I
K)
,
C
u
lt
u
r
al
Scie
n
ce
Facu
l
t
y
(
FIB
)
,
an
d
o
n
e
v
o
ca
tio
n
a
l
s
ch
o
o
l.
T
h
e
Me
d
ical
Fac
u
lt
y
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
f
i
v
e
d
ep
ar
t
m
e
n
t
s
,
i.e
.
,
Gen
er
al
Me
d
ical
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t,
De
n
tis
tr
y
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t,
N
u
r
s
i
n
g
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t,
Nu
tr
itio
n
al
Scie
n
ce
D
ep
ar
tm
e
n
t,
an
d
t
h
e
P
h
a
r
m
ac
y
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ar
t
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
Gen
er
al
Me
d
ical
Dep
ar
t
m
e
n
t
h
as
t
w
o
s
ta
g
e
s
,
i.e
.
,
p
r
e
-
cli
n
ic
an
d
cli
n
ic.
T
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
r
e
s
u
lt
s
w
er
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
d
at
a
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
c
o
m
p
let
io
n
b
y
s
t
u
d
y
r
esp
o
n
d
e
n
ts
to
o
b
tain
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
co
n
ce
r
n
in
g
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
attitu
d
es,
a
n
d
p
r
ac
tic
es
o
f
m
e
d
ical
an
d
n
o
n
-
m
ed
ical
s
tu
d
e
n
t
s
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
C
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D
-
1
9
p
a
n
d
e
m
ic.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
in
v
o
l
v
ed
a
to
tal
o
f
4
8
2
r
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n
d
en
ts
o
f
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n
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ita
s
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o
n
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o
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ts
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id
ed
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n
t
o
t
w
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p
s
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i.e
.
,
m
ed
ical
s
t
u
d
en
t
s
(
n
=2
6
7
)
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d
n
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n
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m
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s
t
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en
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s
(
n
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)
.
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s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
1
,
i
t
is
d
is
co
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ed
th
at
r
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t
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2
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aj
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d
f
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t
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atch
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r
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r
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d
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h
e
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s
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ased
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B
ased
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in
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4
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T
a
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e
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ates
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[
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D
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1
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T
h
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a
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[
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Ho
w
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p
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6
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8806
I
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P
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11
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k
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ased
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1
6
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3
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6
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4
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4
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7
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1
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3
D
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n
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18
3
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7
N
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20
4
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1
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9
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7
P
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3
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3
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7
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6
T
ab
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2
.
C
h
ar
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ter
is
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f
r
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p
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en
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C
h
a
r
a
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t
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a
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Ed
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c
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t
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p
M
e
d
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c
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l
(
2
6
7
)
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c
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l
(
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1
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)
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%
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%
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mi
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s
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5
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2
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<
0
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1
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No
1
1
1
4
6
.
4
1
2
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.
6
T
h
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c
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p
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d
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t
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C
O
V
ID
-
19
Y
e
s
33
4
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5
35
5
1
.
5
0
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2
1
9
No
2
3
4
5
6
.
5
1
8
0
4
3
.
5
T
ab
le
3
.
Kn
o
w
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e,
attit
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e,
an
d
p
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ac
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ts
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
n
%
M
e
a
n
±
S
D
M
e
d
i
a
n
(
mi
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max
)
E
d
u
c
a
t
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l
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p
s
M
e
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l
2
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7
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5
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4
N
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me
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l
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4
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6
Kn
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w
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7
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7
2
7
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6
3
±
1
.
93
2
8
(
2
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0
)
B
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d
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0
4
4
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.
3
A
t
t
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3
8
8
8
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5
1
0
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0
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5
4
1
1
(
8
-
1
1
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B
a
d
94
1
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5
Pr
a
c
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e
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d
3
4
6
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1
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1
7
±
1
.
4
2
7
(
2
-
10)
B
a
d
1
3
6
2
8
.
2
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
P
u
b
lic
Hea
lt
h
Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8806
K
n
o
w
led
g
e,
a
ttit
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a
n
d
p
r
a
ctice
s
o
f I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
med
ica
l a
n
d
… (
Th
a
n
ia
La
th
ifa
tu
n
n
is
a
P
u
tr
i A
g
u
s
ti
)
189
T
ab
le
4
.
Kn
o
w
led
g
e,
a
ttit
u
d
e,
an
d
p
r
ac
tices’
(
K
A
P
)
d
if
f
er
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ce
s
b
ased
o
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ca
tio
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Ed
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d
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d
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o
d
B
a
d
M
e
d
i
c
a
l
1
9
7
(
7
3
.
8
%)
7
0
(
2
6
.
2
%)
2
2
5
(
8
4
.
3
%)
4
2
(
1
5
.
7
%)
2
1
6
(
8
0
.
9
%)
5
1
(
1
9
.
1
%)
N
o
n
-
m
e
d
i
c
a
l
8
1
(
3
7
.
7
%)
1
3
4
(
6
2
.
3
%)
1
6
3
(
7
5
.
8
%)
5
2
(
2
4
.
2
%)
1
3
0
(
6
0
.
5
%)
8
5
(
3
9
.
5
%)
T
ab
le
5
.
Valu
e
o
f
P
,
OR
,
an
d
9
5
%
C
I
o
f
th
e
K
A
P
K
A
P
P
OR
9
5
%
C
I
K
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
<
0
.
0
0
1
*
4
.
6
5
6
1
.
8
3
8
–
4
.
1
7
1
A
t
t
i
t
u
d
e
0
.
0
2
0
*
1
.
7
0
9
1
.
0
8
6
–
2
.
6
9
1
P
r
a
c
t
i
c
e
<
0
.
0
0
1
*
2
.
7
6
9
1
.
8
3
8
–
4
.
1
7
1
3
.
2
.
K
no
w
ledg
e
o
f
t
he
CO
V
I
D
-
19
p
a
nd
e
m
ic
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
e
m
ic
is
s
tu
d
e
n
t
ab
ilit
y
i
n
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
th
e
C
O
VI
D
-
1
9
etio
lo
g
y
,
p
an
d
e
m
ic
s
ta
tu
s
,
d
is
aster
an
d
n
atio
n
al
e
m
er
g
e
n
c
y
s
tat
u
s
,
s
ig
n
s
a
n
d
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
o
f
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
le
g
r
o
u
p
s
,
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
a
n
d
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t,
an
d
s
p
ec
if
icall
y
u
n
d
is
co
v
er
ed
an
d
co
m
m
er
ciall
y
u
n
u
tili
ze
d
a
n
ti
v
ir
u
s
.
As
w
ell
as
th
e
d
ef
i
n
itio
n
an
d
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
o
f
d
r
o
p
lets
,
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
p
r
ev
en
t
io
n
s
u
ch
as
a
v
o
id
in
g
cr
o
w
d
s
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
is
o
latio
n
o
r
q
u
ar
an
ti
n
e,
m
a
s
k
allo
ca
tio
n
an
d
u
s
a
g
e,
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
w
it
h
h
a
n
d
w
as
h
in
g
,
a
n
d
C
OVI
D
-
19
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
p
ath
an
d
ter
m
s
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
ar
e
th
e
s
tu
d
y
r
es
u
lts
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
lete
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
co
lu
m
n
q
u
esti
o
n
n
a
ir
e
b
y
4
8
2
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
w
it
h
as
s
ess
m
e
n
t a
n
d
m
ea
n
in
g
f
u
l
s
co
r
es.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
r
esu
lts
i
n
T
ab
le
6
,
it
is
d
is
co
v
er
ed
th
at
m
ed
ical
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
h
ad
b
etter
k
n
o
w
l
ed
g
e
th
a
n
n
o
n
-
m
ed
ical
s
t
u
d
en
ts
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
C
O
VI
D
-
1
9
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
s
u
c
h
as
f
a
tig
u
e
o
r
e
x
h
au
s
tio
n
an
d
d
y
s
p
n
ea
.
An
o
t
h
er
s
tate
m
en
t
co
n
ce
r
n
in
g
t
h
e
C
O
VI
D
-
1
9
in
f
ec
tio
n
i
s
w
h
er
e
m
o
s
t
in
f
ec
ted
p
eo
p
le
d
o
n
o
t
s
h
o
w
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
,
a
n
d
p
eo
p
le
d
iag
n
o
s
ed
w
i
th
o
u
t
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
ca
n
n
o
t
tr
an
s
m
i
t
t
h
e
v
ir
u
s
to
o
th
er
s
.
St
u
d
en
t
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
le
v
el,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
m
ed
ical
s
t
u
d
en
t
s
,
o
n
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
s
u
s
c
ep
tib
le
p
eo
p
le
o
r
p
e
o
p
le
w
ith
co
m
o
r
b
id
ities
s
u
c
h
as
d
iab
etes
m
elli
tu
s
,
h
y
p
er
ten
s
io
n
,
a
n
d
h
ea
r
t
d
is
ea
s
e
s
,
w
as
b
etter
th
a
n
n
o
n
-
m
ed
ical
s
t
u
d
e
n
ts
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
a
i
m
s
s
o
th
at
m
ed
i
ca
l
an
d
n
o
n
-
m
ed
ical
s
tu
d
e
n
t
s
ca
n
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
C
O
VI
D
-
1
9
b
etter
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
p
r
ev
e
n
tio
n
m
ea
s
u
r
es,
ea
r
l
y
d
etec
tio
n
o
n
C
OV
I
D
-
1
9
,
an
d
b
ec
o
m
e
t
h
e
ed
u
ca
to
r
f
o
r
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
g
co
m
m
u
n
itie
s
.
O
n
t
h
e
o
t
h
er
h
a
n
d
,
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
i
s
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
d
is
ea
s
e
p
r
ev
en
t
io
n
m
ea
s
u
r
es,
g
iv
e
n
t
h
at
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
s
p
ec
if
ic
m
ed
icatio
n
r
e
m
ai
n
s
u
n
d
i
s
co
v
er
ed
to
d
ate,
an
d
th
e
m
a
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t
i
s
li
m
ited
to
s
y
m
p
to
m
atic
m
ed
icatio
n
s
[
2
0
]
–
[
2
3
]
.
As
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
lev
e
l
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
is
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
.
T
h
er
e
w
er
e
t
w
o
r
esp
o
n
d
en
t
g
r
o
u
p
s
,
i.e
.
,
m
ed
ic
al
an
d
n
o
n
-
m
ed
ical
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
an
o
th
er
p
o
ten
tiall
y
d
i
f
f
er
i
n
g
f
ac
to
r
s
in
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
s
o
u
r
ce
s
r
eg
ar
d
i
n
g
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
is
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
w
h
er
e
h
as
b
ee
n
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
p
u
lar
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
at
p
r
o
v
id
es
i
n
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
ab
o
u
t
C
OV
ID
-
1
9
.
T
h
is
is
in
li
n
e
w
it
h
r
esear
c
h
th
at
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
t
h
e
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
r
esu
lts
in
w
h
ich
m
o
s
t
r
es
p
o
n
d
en
ts
g
et
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia,
th
e
n
th
e
T
V,
th
e
i
n
ter
n
et
a
f
ter
w
ar
d
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
s
h
o
w
ed
th
a
t
th
e
s
t
u
d
en
ts
co
u
ld
tak
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
r
o
m
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
d
u
e
to
th
e
ti
m
es
w
h
er
e
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
is
a
p
latf
o
r
m
th
at
ca
n
b
e
r
ea
ch
ed
ea
s
il
y
w
i
th
v
ar
io
u
s
k
i
n
d
s
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
i
n
it.
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
o
f
s
o
ci
al
m
ed
ia
is
a
d
y
n
a
m
ic
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
an
d
v
ar
io
u
s
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
a
ttra
cted
its
u
s
e
r
s
.
No
n
et
h
eles
s
,
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
also
r
i
s
k
s
t
h
e
e
m
er
g
e
n
ce
o
f
m
is
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
a
s
t
h
e
m
is
u
s
e
d
w
o
r
d
s
b
y
th
e
m
ea
n
i
n
g
,
h
y
p
er
b
o
le
lan
g
u
ag
e
u
s
ed
in
th
i
s
s
o
u
r
ce
;
th
u
s
,
to
f
i
n
d
ac
cu
r
ate
o
n
l
in
e
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
b
ec
o
m
e
a
h
i
n
d
r
an
ce
t
h
at
is
i
m
p
ac
ted
b
y
s
t
u
d
en
ts
[
2
4
]
.
Hen
ce
,
it
is
clea
r
t
h
at
t
h
e
ad
v
an
ce
o
f
th
e
d
ig
i
tal
er
a,
w
h
er
e
th
er
e
i
s
n
o
b
ar
r
ier
i
n
o
b
tai
n
in
g
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
,
d
e
m
a
n
d
s
s
p
ec
if
ic
liter
ac
y
s
k
ill
s
o
f
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
s
o
th
at
t
h
e
y
ca
n
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
u
tili
ze
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
v
id
ed
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
r
elate
d
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
3.
3
.
At
t
it
ud
e
o
n t
he
CO
VID
-
19
p
a
nd
e
m
ic
T
h
e
attitu
d
e
in
q
u
esti
o
n
is
f
o
r
m
ed
f
r
o
m
ex
p
er
ien
ce
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
lear
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
th
er
eb
y
in
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
in
d
iv
id
u
al
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
o
b
j
ec
t
o
f
attitu
d
e,
is
o
b
tain
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
w
i
th
p
er
s
o
n
al
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
s
,
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
f
r
o
m
o
t
h
er
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t,
cu
l
tu
r
al
i
n
f
l
u
en
ce
s
,
m
as
s
m
ed
ia,
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
tit
u
tio
n
s
,
an
d
e
m
o
tio
n
al
i
n
f
l
u
en
ce
s
.
T
h
e
atti
tu
d
e
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
t
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
e
m
ic
i
s
ab
o
u
t
a
w
ar
en
e
s
s
o
f
s
tat
u
s
a
n
d
s
e
n
s
e
o
f
e
m
er
g
e
n
c
y
,
ed
u
ca
tio
n
o
n
th
e
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
.
E
ac
h
in
d
i
v
i
d
u
al
m
u
s
t
co
n
t
in
u
e
to
u
p
d
ate
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
,
v
u
ln
e
r
ab
le
g
r
o
u
p
s
n
ee
d
to
b
e
id
e
n
ti
f
ied
b
y
th
e
m
s
e
lv
e
s
an
d
t
h
o
s
e
ar
o
u
n
d
t
h
e
m
,
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
b
y
v
ac
ci
n
atio
n
,
p
h
y
s
ical
d
is
ta
n
ci
n
g
,
p
r
o
h
ib
it
io
n
o
f
g
o
i
n
g
h
o
m
e
b
y
t
h
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t,
d
is
cip
li
n
e
i
n
w
ea
r
i
n
g
m
a
s
k
s
,
an
d
w
as
h
i
n
g
h
an
d
s
[
2
6
]
–
[
2
8
]
.
T
h
is
s
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2
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