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,
4
4
3
r
ec
o
v
er
ed
,
a
n
d
1
,
7
7
0
d
ea
th
s
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
ev
alen
ce
p
r
ed
icted
w
il
l
co
n
ti
n
u
e
s
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
s
i
n
ce
th
e
v
ac
ci
n
e
i
s
s
till
o
n
g
o
i
n
g
r
es
ea
r
ch
[
8
]
.
T
o
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
s
p
r
ea
d
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
,
t
h
e
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia
n
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
r
u
le
d
o
u
t
s
o
m
e
r
eg
u
la
tio
n
s
,
esp
ec
iall
y
th
e
p
r
o
v
in
ce
w
h
er
e
m
a
n
y
r
esid
en
ts
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
t
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
J
ak
ar
ta,
W
est
J
a
w
a,
an
d
E
ast
J
a
w
a.
Si
n
ce
th
e
m
id
o
f
Ma
r
ch
,
p
eo
p
le
w
h
o
r
esid
e
in
J
ak
ar
ta
p
r
o
h
ib
ited
g
o
in
g
o
u
t,
an
d
v
ice
v
er
s
a.
B
esid
es th
at,
r
estrictio
n
s
f
o
r
b
ig
-
s
ca
le
s
o
cial
g
at
h
er
in
g
s
al
s
o
ap
p
lied
[
9
]
.
Sin
ce
t
h
e
m
id
o
f
J
u
n
e
2
0
2
0
,
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
an
n
o
u
n
ce
d
th
e
n
e
w
ev
er
y
d
a
y
li
f
e
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
co
u
n
tr
y
w
it
h
o
u
t
n
e
g
lecti
n
g
h
ea
lth
p
r
o
to
co
l
f
o
r
r
esid
en
ts
w
h
e
n
th
e
y
l
ea
v
e
h
o
m
e.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
th
e
i
n
ci
d
en
ce
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
s
ig
n
i
f
ic
an
tl
y
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
w
o
w
ee
k
s
s
i
n
ce
th
e
n
e
w
ev
er
y
d
a
y
lif
e
ap
p
lied
.
Nea
r
l
y
a
t
h
o
u
s
an
d
p
atien
ts
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
co
n
f
ir
m
e
d
ea
ch
d
ay
,
an
d
th
e
s
e
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
4
6
,
8
4
5
ca
s
es
o
n
J
u
n
e
2
2
,
2
0
2
0
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
s
o
m
e
f
ac
to
r
s
id
en
ti
f
ied
w
h
ic
h
ass
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
d
is
ea
s
es
s
p
r
ea
d
in
g
in
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
t
h
ese
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
an
d
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
p
r
ac
tice.
F
u
r
th
er
,
E
th
io
p
ian
s
c
h
o
lar
s
p
o
in
t
o
u
t
th
a
t
i
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
an
d
p
r
ev
e
n
tio
n
p
r
ac
tice
o
f
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
r
eg
u
lar
u
p
d
ates
o
f
C
OV
I
D
-
1
9
w
a
s
a
cr
u
cia
l.
B
esid
es
th
at,
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
a
ls
o
r
ep
o
r
ted
th
at
ag
e
an
d
n
e
w
s
f
r
o
m
m
ed
ia
w
er
e
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
r
elate
d
to
g
o
o
d
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
n
C
OVI
D
-
19
[
1
1
]
.
A
s
c
h
o
lar
f
r
o
m
E
g
y
p
t
d
is
co
v
er
ed
th
at
in
ad
eq
u
ate
k
n
o
w
l
ed
g
e
an
d
th
e
in
co
r
r
ec
t
atitu
d
es
w
er
e
d
ir
ec
tl
y
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
p
r
ac
tices
a
n
d
lead
to
d
elay
ed
d
ia
g
n
o
s
is
,
p
o
o
r
in
f
ec
tio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
p
r
ac
tice,
an
d
s
p
r
ea
d
o
f
d
is
ea
s
e
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
an
d
e
m
ic
is
a
m
ai
n
l
y
h
ea
l
th
d
is
a
s
ter
i
n
t
h
is
d
ec
ad
e,
an
d
al
m
o
s
t
th
e
co
u
n
tr
ie
s
all
o
v
er
th
e
w
o
r
ld
th
eir
at
te
n
t
io
n
h
av
e
b
ei
n
g
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
a
s
et
o
f
cr
itical
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
,
a
n
d
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
p
r
o
to
co
l
f
o
r
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
a
n
d
m
i
tig
at
io
n
t
h
e
p
an
d
e
m
ic
s
p
r
ea
d
[
1
3
]
.
T
o
b
attle
th
e
s
p
r
ea
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
d
is
ea
s
es
i
n
t
h
e
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
,
id
en
ti
f
icatio
n
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
atti
tu
d
es,
an
d
p
r
ac
tices
(
K
A
P
)
a
m
o
n
g
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
r
es
id
en
ts
is
ess
e
n
tia
l
a
n
d
n
ec
e
s
s
ar
y
.
So
m
e
s
t
u
d
ies
f
o
u
n
d
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
K
A
P
af
f
ec
ts
r
e
s
id
en
t
ad
h
er
en
ce
to
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
a
n
d
m
iti
g
atio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
o
f
d
is
ea
s
e
co
n
tr
o
l
[
1
4
]
.
F
u
r
th
er
,
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
S
A
R
S
o
u
tb
r
ea
k
i
n
2
0
0
3
,
th
e
s
tu
d
y
r
ep
o
r
ted
th
at
k
n
o
w
le
d
g
e
an
d
attit
u
d
es
w
er
e
s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
a
s
s
o
ciate
d
w
i
th
a
p
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
ical
i
s
s
u
e.
As
a
r
es
u
lt,
p
r
ev
e
n
tio
n
to
s
p
r
ea
d
th
e
d
is
ea
s
e
w
a
s
t
h
o
r
o
u
g
h
l
y
atte
m
p
ted
.
Desp
ite
t
h
e
u
n
p
r
ec
ed
en
ted
n
at
io
n
al
m
ea
s
u
r
es
in
f
i
g
h
ti
n
g
t
h
e
o
u
tb
r
ea
k
,
t
h
e
r
esu
l
t
o
f
th
e
s
e
ef
f
o
r
ts
is
es
s
en
tia
ll
y
d
ep
en
d
en
t
o
n
p
u
b
lic
att
itu
d
e
s
o
r
b
eh
av
io
r
.
I
n
[
1
5
]
A
d
d
itio
n
al
l
y
,
r
es
id
en
t
s
w
it
h
a
h
i
g
h
le
v
el
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
o
n
an
d
p
o
s
iti
v
e
attitu
d
es
to
w
ar
d
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
ten
d
to
h
av
e
b
etter
p
r
ev
en
ti
v
e
b
eh
av
io
r
an
d
b
eh
av
io
r
al
co
m
p
lia
n
ce
.
I
n
[
1
6
]
Fu
r
t
h
er
,
ass
ess
in
g
r
esid
en
t
s
o
r
p
u
b
lic
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
i
s
also
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
in
id
e
n
tify
i
n
g
g
ap
s
an
d
s
tr
en
g
t
h
e
n
in
g
o
n
g
o
i
n
g
p
r
ev
e
n
tio
n
e
f
f
o
r
t.
T
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
in
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
o
u
tb
r
ea
k
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
th
er
e
w
a
s
a
cr
u
cial
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
r
esid
en
ts
’
a
w
ar
en
e
s
s
r
elate
d
to
th
e
p
an
d
e
m
ic
co
n
d
itio
n
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
o
u
tb
r
ea
k
p
er
io
d
.
T
o
th
e
b
e
s
t
o
f
o
u
r
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
i
s
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
to
as
s
es
s
t
h
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
attit
u
d
es,
a
n
d
p
r
ac
tices
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
r
esid
en
t
s
to
w
ar
d
s
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
in
h
u
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
f
r
o
m
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
co
u
n
tr
y
,
f
r
o
m
w
e
s
t
to
ea
s
t
(
Sab
an
g
to
Me
r
a
u
k
e)
,
an
d
f
r
o
m
n
o
r
th
to
s
o
u
th
(
T
ah
u
n
a
to
R
o
te
is
lan
d
)
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
in
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
,
w
e
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
ate
r
esid
en
t
s
’
a
w
ar
e
n
ess
b
y
m
ea
s
u
r
i
n
g
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
attit
u
d
es,
an
d
p
r
ac
tices,
an
d
s
o
cio
-
d
em
o
g
r
ap
h
ics
r
elate
d
d
ata
to
w
ar
d
s
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
in
I
n
d
o
n
esi
a
am
o
n
g
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ian
r
esid
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
i
s
s
tu
d
y
i
s
ex
p
ec
ted
to
o
f
f
er
f
r
u
itfu
l
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
to
p
o
licy
m
a
k
er
s
,
an
d
also
in
f
o
r
m
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lt
h
o
f
f
icials
o
n
f
u
r
t
h
er
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lt
h
i
n
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
s
,
a
w
ar
en
e
s
s
,
a
n
d
p
o
licy
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
p
er
tain
i
n
g
t
o
th
e
C
OVI
D
-
19
o
u
tb
r
ea
k
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
A
n
at
io
n
al
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
a
l
s
u
r
v
e
y
w
as
co
n
d
u
c
ted
f
r
o
m
Ma
y
8
to
J
u
n
e
3
0
;
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
is
ti
m
e
o
f
p
er
io
d
,
s
o
cial
g
ath
er
i
n
g
r
estrictio
n
w
as
ap
p
lied
w
it
h
in
t
h
e
co
u
n
tr
y
.
C
o
n
d
u
ct
in
g
n
atio
n
al
co
m
m
u
n
i
t
y
-
b
ased
in
v
e
s
ti
g
atio
n
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
p
er
io
d
w
a
s
n
o
t
f
ea
s
ib
le
d
u
e
to
s
ta
y
at
h
o
m
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
til
l
s
p
r
ea
d
all
o
v
er
th
e
co
u
n
tr
y
a
n
d
ch
o
o
s
i
n
g
o
n
lin
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
to
co
llect
d
ata
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
er
e
is
s
o
m
e
s
o
cial
-
n
et
w
o
r
k
in
g
ap
p
u
s
ed
to
s
h
ar
e
t
h
e
q
u
e
s
tio
n
n
air
e
to
p
o
ten
tial
p
ar
ticip
an
t
s
,
n
a
m
el
y
W
h
at
s
A
p
p
,
Face
b
o
o
k
,
T
ele
g
r
a
m
,
T
w
itter
,
an
d
E
m
ail.
R
e
s
id
en
t
s
w
h
o
w
e
r
e
liv
i
n
g
a
n
d
s
ta
y
i
n
g
in
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia
w
er
e
ag
ed
1
8
y
ea
r
s
o
ld
o
r
m
o
r
e,
w
er
e
u
s
ed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
d
ev
ices
(
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
es,
co
m
p
u
ter
s
n
eit
h
er
d
es
k
to
p
o
r
lap
to
p
)
,
an
d
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(
k
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attitu
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ac
tices).
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ap
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s
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elig
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a
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ar
at.
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r
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s
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ic
ated
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e
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ied
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d
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m
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;
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”
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lic,
”
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t
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/
C
h
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,
”
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Hi
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,
”
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B
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”
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n
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m
,
”
a
n
d
“
i
n
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ig
e
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o
u
s
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elig
io
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s
.
”
M
ar
ital
s
tat
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s
w
as
cla
s
s
i
f
ied
in
t
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th
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ar
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a
n
d
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s
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co
m
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ass
in
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ep
ar
ated
,
d
iv
o
r
ce
d
,
an
d
w
id
o
w
ed
.
A
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
K
A
P
(
k
n
o
w
le
d
g
e,
attit
u
d
e,
an
d
p
r
ac
tices)
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
w
a
s
ad
o
p
ted
f
r
o
m
Z
h
o
n
g
et
a
l.
[
1
4
]
,
an
d
m
o
d
i
f
ied
b
y
u
s
in
g
s
o
m
e
r
ef
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n
ce
s
in
c
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d
e
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g
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id
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n
es,
w
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ich
i
s
s
u
ed
b
y
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e
Mi
n
is
tr
y
o
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lt
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o
f
t
h
e
R
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia
[
1
0
]
,
an
d
t
h
e
n
atio
n
al
tea
m
f
o
r
ce
f
o
r
C
OV
I
D
-
1
9
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
m
iti
g
atio
n
.
I
n
t
h
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
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r
elate
d
q
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es
tio
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e
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ad
1
3
q
u
esti
o
n
s
,
w
h
ich
co
n
s
i
s
t
o
f
cli
n
ical
f
ea
t
u
r
es/
clin
ical
s
i
g
n
s
a
n
d
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
,
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
r
o
u
te,
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d
p
r
ev
e
n
tio
n
co
n
tr
o
l a
n
d
m
iti
g
atio
n
.
T
h
ese
q
u
esti
o
n
s
w
er
e
an
s
w
er
ed
o
n
a
tr
u
e/
f
alse
b
as
is
w
it
h
an
ad
d
itio
n
a
l
“
I
d
o
n
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k
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o
w
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o
p
tio
n
.
A
tt
itu
d
e
s
to
w
ar
d
s
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
w
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m
ea
s
u
r
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
1
0
ite
m
s
.
T
h
ese
q
u
esti
o
n
s
w
er
e
a
n
s
w
er
ed
o
n
an
ag
r
ee
/d
is
ag
r
ee
b
asis
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
p
r
ac
tices
to
p
r
ev
en
t
an
d
m
iti
g
ate
t
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
w
er
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
b
y
1
0
q
u
e
s
tio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
q
u
es
tio
n
s
w
er
e
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
to
o
n
an
“A
l
w
a
y
s
/
v
er
y
o
f
ten
/s
o
m
eti
m
es/ra
r
el
y
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e
v
er
”
b
asis
.
T
h
e
co
r
r
ec
t
an
s
w
er
s
o
f
K
A
P
d
o
m
ai
n
s
w
er
e
co
u
n
ted
i
n
f
r
eq
u
en
cie
s
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
wee
n
K
A
P
s
co
r
es
an
d
d
e
m
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
ch
ar
a
cter
is
tics
w
er
e
a
n
al
y
ze
d
w
i
th
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
-
s
a
m
p
le
s
t
-
test
,
o
n
e
-
w
a
y
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
v
ar
ian
ce
(
A
NOV
A
)
,
a
n
d
Ma
n
n
-
W
h
it
n
e
y
a
n
d
Kr
u
s
k
a
l
-
W
alli
s
tes
ts
as
a
n
o
p
tio
n
al
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t
w
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e
n
d
ata/r
esp
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n
d
e
n
t
s
u
n
d
i
s
tr
ib
u
ted
n
o
r
m
a
ll
y
.
T
o
id
en
ti
f
y
f
ac
to
r
s
ass
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
KA
P
s
,
an
al
y
zi
n
g
t
h
e
d
e
m
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
v
ar
iab
les
as
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
v
ar
ia
b
les
an
d
K
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P
s
co
r
e
as
th
e
o
u
tco
m
e
v
a
r
iab
le
u
s
in
g
m
u
l
tiv
ar
iab
le
li
n
ea
r
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
w
as
ap
p
lied
.
T
h
e
s
tatis
tical
s
i
g
n
i
f
i
ca
n
ce
lev
el
w
as
s
e
t
at
p
<0
.
0
5
(
t
w
o
-
s
id
ed
)
,
an
d
th
eir
9
5
%
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o
n
f
id
e
n
ce
in
ter
v
als
(
C
I
s
)
w
er
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u
s
ed
to
q
u
an
ti
f
y
t
h
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
v
ar
iab
le
s
an
d
K
A
P
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
A
ND
DI
SCUS
SI
O
N
I
n
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
,
it
is
e
x
p
lai
n
ed
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
r
esear
ch
an
d
at
th
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e
is
g
iv
e
n
t
h
e
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
io
n
.
R
e
s
u
lt
s
ca
n
b
e
p
r
ese
n
ted
i
n
f
i
g
u
r
es,
g
r
ap
h
s
,
tab
le
s
a
n
d
o
th
er
s
t
h
at
m
a
k
e
t
h
e
r
ea
d
er
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
ea
s
il
y
[2
]
,
[
5]
.
T
h
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
ca
n
b
e
m
ad
e
in
s
e
v
er
al
s
u
b
-
c
h
ap
ter
s
.
T
h
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d
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1.
T
h
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l
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a
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sy
mp
t
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ms o
f
C
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1
9
a
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f
e
v
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a
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d
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a
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g
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a
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8
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(
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.
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)
3
.
6
4
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8
1
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0
0
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2.
U
n
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k
e
t
h
e
c
o
mm
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st
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4
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3.
T
h
e
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c
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n
t
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y
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s n
o
e
f
f
e
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t
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1
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,
b
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s
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t
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h
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l
p
mo
st
p
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t
s
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m t
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.
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1
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4.
N
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a
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p
e
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so
n
s w
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h
C
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-
1
9
w
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s.
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h
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w
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d
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a
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e
c
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c
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n
e
sse
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a
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d
a
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o
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e
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a
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e
mo
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s.
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4
(
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.
5
)
4
.
0
6
–
5
.
6
8
0
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0
0
0
5.
Ea
t
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n
g
o
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c
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n
t
a
c
t
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g
w
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l
d
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4
1
0
.
0
0
0
6.
P
e
r
so
n
s w
i
t
h
C
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V
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D
-
1
9
c
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n
n
o
t
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f
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t
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u
s
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h
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7.
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C
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1
9
v
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r
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s s
p
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a
d
s v
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sp
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a
t
o
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y
d
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o
p
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t
s o
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d
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3
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0
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–
1
1
.
8
4
0
.
0
0
0
8.
O
r
d
i
n
a
r
y
r
e
si
d
e
n
t
s c
a
n
w
e
a
r
g
e
n
e
r
a
l
me
d
i
c
a
l
mas
k
s t
o
p
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e
v
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n
t
t
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1
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3
.
9
1
–
5
.
3
0
0
.
0
0
0
9.
I
t
i
s n
o
t
n
e
c
e
ssary
f
o
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c
h
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l
d
r
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a
n
d
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a
d
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3
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T
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v
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p
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s t
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t
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p
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l
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3
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2
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2.
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me
4
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1
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4
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v
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s
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Co
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d
ies
s
h
o
w
ed
th
at
a
g
e
w
as
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
ass
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
r
elate
d
p
r
ac
tices
[
3
4
]
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
m
o
r
e
f
r
eq
u
en
t
p
r
ac
tices
w
er
e
s
i
g
n
i
f
ican
tl
y
a
s
s
o
ci
ated
w
it
h
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
ab
o
u
t
C
OVI
D
-
19
[
3
2
]
.
I
t
w
a
s
s
i
m
ilar
f
in
d
i
n
g
with
o
u
r
s
t
u
d
y
,
b
ased
o
n
co
r
r
elatio
n
an
al
y
s
i
s
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
P
ea
r
s
o
n
C
o
r
r
elatio
n
test
s
h
o
w
s
th
a
t
t
h
er
e
ar
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
s
b
et
w
ee
n
k
n
o
w
l
ed
g
e
an
d
p
r
ac
tices
(
p
<0
.
0
1
)
,
an
d
attit
u
d
es
a
n
d
p
r
ac
tices
(
p
<0
.
0
1
)
.
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
also
g
r
ea
tl
y
r
ef
lects
t
h
e
in
d
iv
id
u
al
a
s
it
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
b
ase
ac
ce
p
tab
le
p
r
ac
tice
[
8
]
.
A
r
ev
ie
w
s
t
u
d
y
o
n
p
r
ac
tice
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
a
n
d
e
m
ic
id
en
t
if
ied
th
at
b
o
th
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
an
d
n
o
n
-
h
ea
lt
h
ca
r
e
w
o
r
k
er
s
i
n
C
h
i
n
a
h
av
e
a
g
o
o
d
p
r
ac
tice,
in
w
h
ic
h
h
ea
lt
h
ca
r
e
w
o
r
k
er
s
f
o
cu
s
o
n
i
n
f
ec
tio
n
p
r
ev
e
n
tio
n
p
r
ac
tices
w
h
i
le
t
h
e
n
o
n
-
h
ea
l
t
h
ca
r
e
w
o
r
k
er
s
a
n
d
r
esid
e
n
ts
t
en
d
to
av
o
id
t
h
e
cr
o
w
d
ed
p
l
ac
es,
an
d
w
o
r
e
t
h
e
m
as
k
s
w
h
en
lea
v
i
n
g
h
o
m
e
[
3
5
]
.
Un
n
eg
lecte
d
,
in
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
r
esid
en
ts
’
i
n
clu
d
e
h
ea
l
th
ca
r
e
w
o
r
k
er
s
’
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
co
m
m
er
cial
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
c
h
an
n
el
w
a
s
ad
j
u
s
ted
b
eh
av
io
u
r
an
d
p
r
ac
tices
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
p
r
ev
en
t
io
n
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
h
a
s
id
e
n
ti
f
ied
f
ac
t
o
r
s
ass
o
ciate
d
w
i
th
K
A
P
.
T
h
e
f
i
n
d
i
n
g
s
ar
e
u
s
e
f
u
l
f
o
r
p
o
licy
m
a
k
er
s
to
q
u
ick
l
y
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
h
ea
lt
h
ed
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
r
elate
d
tar
g
et
f
o
r
C
O
VI
D
-
1
9
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
l
[
3
6
]
.
T
h
e
lim
itatio
n
o
f
t
h
i
s
s
tu
d
y
is
th
at
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
w
er
e
class
i
f
ied
in
to
r
eg
io
n
-
b
ased
r
esid
en
c
y
,
w
h
ic
h
r
aise
s
an
is
s
u
e
w
h
et
h
e
r
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
t
s
co
m
e
ac
r
o
s
s
u
r
b
an
,
s
e
m
i
-
u
r
b
an
,
a
n
d
r
u
r
al
ar
ea
s
.
Si
n
ce
t
h
e
li
m
ited
ac
ce
s
s
o
f
th
e
I
n
ter
n
et
in
r
u
r
al
ar
ea
s
,
th
e
r
esid
en
ts
’
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
atti
tu
d
es,
a
n
d
p
r
ac
tice
m
a
y
n
o
t
b
e
ev
alu
a
ted
in
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
.
B
esid
es,
th
e
r
ec
r
u
it
m
en
t
o
f
r
esear
c
h
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
n
li
n
e
f
o
r
m
li
m
it
s
r
esid
en
ts
w
it
h
n
o
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e,
tab
let
,
an
d
co
m
p
u
ter
to
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
[
3
7
]
.
I
t
is
a
ch
alle
n
g
i
n
g
is
s
u
e
to
id
en
ti
f
y
.
Ne
v
er
th
e
le
s
s
,
th
is
i
s
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
t
u
d
y
r
ec
r
u
iti
n
g
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
I
n
d
o
n
esia r
esid
en
ts
.
4.
CONC
L
USIO
N
I
n
s
u
m
m
ar
y
,
w
e
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
m
o
s
t
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
r
esid
en
t
s
h
a
v
e
g
o
o
d
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
p
o
s
iti
v
e
attit
u
d
es,
an
d
g
o
o
d
p
r
ac
tice
to
p
r
o
m
o
te
C
O
VI
D
-
1
9
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
an
d
m
i
tig
a
tio
n
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
p
an
d
em
ic
s
p
r
ea
d
in
g
w
i
th
i
n
th
e
co
u
n
tr
y
.
De
s
p
ite
th
ese
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
,
w
e
f
o
u
n
d
a
lack
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e,
attitu
d
es,
an
d
p
r
ac
tice
a
m
o
n
g
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
p
ar
ticip
an
t
s
s
u
c
h
as
m
en
,
r
esid
en
ts
in
Kali
m
an
tan
a
n
d
P
ap
u
a,
h
a
v
e
les
s
f
o
r
m
a
l
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
u
n
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
,
a
n
d
ar
e
s
i
n
g
le
/n
ev
er
m
ar
r
ied
.
T
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
attit
u
d
es,
a
n
d
p
r
ac
tices
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
m
,
th
e
I
n
d
o
n
esia
n
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
s
h
o
u
ld
p
u
t
t
h
ese
cr
itical
asp
e
cts
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
h
ea
lt
h
ed
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
P
.
K
a
k
o
d
k
a
r,
N.
Ka
k
a
,
a
n
d
M
.
Ba
ig
,
"
A
Co
m
p
re
h
e
n
siv
e
L
it
e
r
a
tu
re
Re
v
ie
w
o
n
th
e
Cli
n
ica
l
P
re
se
n
tatio
n
,
a
n
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
P
a
n
d
e
m
ic Co
ro
n
a
v
iru
s Dise
a
se
2
0
1
9
(CO
V
ID
-
1
9
),
"
Cu
re
u
s
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
9
,
2
0
2
0
.
[2
]
A
.
O.
Do
c
e
a
e
t
a
l.
,
"
A
n
e
w
th
re
a
t
f
ro
m
a
n
o
ld
e
n
e
m
y
:
Re
-
e
m
e
r
g
e
n
c
e
o
f
c
o
ro
n
a
v
iru
s
(Re
v
ie
w
),
"
In
t.
J
.
M
o
l.
M
e
d
.
,
v
o
l.
4
5
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
6
3
1
–
1
6
4
3
,
2
0
2
0
.
[3
]
W
o
rld
He
a
lt
h
Org
a
n
iza
ti
o
n
,
W
H
O
Co
ro
n
a
v
iru
s
Dise
a
se
(COV
ID
-
19)
,
W
HO
He
a
lt
h
Eme
rg
e
n
c
y
Da
sh
b
o
a
rd
,
2
0
2
1
.
[
On
li
n
e
]
.
Av
a
il
a
b
le
:
h
tt
p
s:/
/co
v
id
1
9
.
w
h
o
.
i
n
t/
?
a
d
g
ro
u
p
su
rv
e
y
=
%
7
Ba
d
g
ro
u
p
su
rv
e
y
%
7
D&
g
c
li
d
=
Cj
w
KC
A
i
Ax
e
X
_
BRA
S
Ei
wA
c
1
Qd
k
f
9
ir
H8
CF
9
9
h
S
A
0
o
F
9
8
_
W
Yy
j9
F
m
v
wT
h
G
8
IKv
h
QP
-
y
A
p
x
Q7
jx
jYS
6
Oh
o
C7
b
w
Q
A
v
D_
B
w
E
[4
]
B.
Zare
ie,
A
.
Ro
sh
a
n
i,
M
.
A
.
M
a
n
so
u
r
n
ia,
M
.
A
.
Ra
so
u
li
,
a
n
d
G
.
M
o
ra
d
i,
"
A
m
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
COV
ID
-
1
9
p
re
d
ictio
n
i
n
Ira
n
b
a
se
d
o
n
C
h
in
a
p
a
ra
m
e
t
e
rs
,
"
Arc
h
.
Ira
n
.
M
e
d
.
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
2
4
4
-
2
4
8
,
2
0
2
0
.
[5
]
M
.
A
l
-
M
o
h
a
isse
n
,
"
Aw
a
re
n
e
ss
a
m
o
n
g
a
S
a
u
d
i
A
ra
b
ian
u
n
iv
e
rsity
c
o
m
m
u
n
it
y
o
f
M
id
d
le
Eas
t
re
sp
irato
ry
s
y
n
d
ro
m
e
co
ro
n
a
v
iru
s f
o
ll
o
w
in
g
a
n
o
u
t
b
re
a
k
,
"
Ea
st M
e
d
it
e
rr
He
a
l.
J
.
,
v
o
l.
2
3
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
3
5
1
-
3
6
0
,
2
0
1
7
.
[6
]
R.
G
ü
n
e
r,
İ.
Ha
sa
n
o
ğ
lu
,
a
n
d
F
.
A
k
taş
,
‘Co
v
id
-
1
9
:
P
re
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
e
a
su
re
s
in
c
o
m
m
u
n
it
y
’,
T
u
rk
ish
J
.
M
e
d
.
S
c
i.
,
v
o
l
.
5
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
5
7
1
-
5
7
7
,
2
0
2
0
.
[7
]
S
.
P
.
CO
V
ID
-
1
9
,
I
n
f
o
G
ra
f
is
K
e
jad
ian
COV
ID
1
9
,
2
0
2
0
.
[
On
l
in
e
]
.
Av
a
il
a
b
le:
h
tt
p
s://
c
o
v
id
1
9
.
g
o
.
i
d
/
b
e
rit
a
/i
n
f
o
g
ra
f
is
-
c
o
v
id
-
19
-
5
-
j
u
n
i
-
2
0
2
0
[8
]
I.
Hu
ss
a
in
e
t
a
l.
,
"
Kn
o
w
led
g
e
,
A
tt
it
u
d
e
,
a
n
d
P
ra
c
ti
c
e
s
T
o
w
a
rd
COV
ID
-
1
9
in
P
rim
a
r
y
He
a
lt
h
c
a
re
P
ro
v
id
e
rs:
A
Cro
ss
-
S
e
c
ti
o
n
a
l
S
tu
d
y
f
ro
m
T
h
re
e
T
e
rti
a
r
y
C
a
re
H
o
sp
it
a
ls
o
f
P
e
s
h
a
w
a
r,
P
a
k
istan
,
"
J
.
Co
mm
u
n
it
y
He
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
4
5
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
–
9
,
2
0
2
0
.
[9
]
A
.
I.
A
l
m
u
tt
a
q
i,
"
T
h
e
o
m
n
ish
a
m
b
les
o
f
COV
ID
-
1
9
re
sp
o
n
se
in
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
,
"
T
HC
In
sig
jt
s
,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
1
3
,
p
p
.
1
-
7
,
2
0
2
0
.
[1
0
]
Ke
m
e
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