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er
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Stu
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en
t
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eq
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m
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ated
b
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a
m
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Fre
s
h
m
an
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u
d
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p
tib
le
t
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th
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y
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n
th
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tr
an
s
itio
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p
h
a
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e
[
1
]
-
[
3
]
.
T
h
ey
ar
e
v
u
ln
er
ab
le
to
h
ea
lt
h
h
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ar
d
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A
cc
o
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to
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e
W
o
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ld
Hea
l
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Or
g
a
n
izatio
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,
o
n
e
o
f
th
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t
ap
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b
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d
r
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[
4
]
.
B
in
g
e
d
r
in
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in
g
is
d
ef
in
ed
as 5
+
d
r
in
k
s
p
er
o
cc
asio
n
[
5
]
.
I
t h
as b
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n
ch
ar
ac
ter
i
ze
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as h
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d
r
in
k
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ch
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t
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d
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d
ef
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alco
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ev
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[
6
]
.
T
h
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cid
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b
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in
k
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s
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ee
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d
icate
v
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r
eq
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en
c
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[
6
]
.
I
n
all
p
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w
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ld
,
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ai
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o
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d
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n
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ill
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s
m
o
k
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g
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
W
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Hea
lth
Or
g
an
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m
en
tio
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ed
th
at
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
ate
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y
,
8
m
illi
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n
a
n
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al
m
o
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tali
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e
to
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d
s
m
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to
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ir
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ed
7
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s
.
[
7
]
.
B
y
th
e
e
n
d
o
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2
1
s
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ce
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tu
r
y
,
it
i
s
esti
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ated
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h
at
o
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e
b
illi
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p
le
w
ill
d
ie
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
t
o
b
ac
co
s
m
o
k
er
s
[
8
]
.
I
n
th
e
b
o
o
k
au
t
h
o
r
ed
b
y
Kasp
er
,
th
e
s
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v
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s
li
k
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ca
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d
o
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r
esp
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d
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w
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p
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ev
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tab
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ca
u
s
ed
b
y
s
m
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k
i
n
g
[7
]
.
T
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er
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ar
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v
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u
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u
n
d
esira
b
le
h
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eq
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f
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2
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8806
I
n
t.
J
.
P
u
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci.,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2021
:
785
–
7
9
2
786
b
o
th
b
in
g
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d
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d
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s
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k
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n
d
th
e
s
e
ar
e
all
h
az
ar
d
o
u
s
to
h
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.
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e
m
e
n
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al
h
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s
tates
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b
s
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x
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d
ep
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a
n
d
s
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f
-
estee
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.
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n
a
n
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er
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d
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r
co
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ld
b
e
f
elt.
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ess
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is
ass
o
ciate
d
w
ith
lo
n
e
lin
e
s
s
,
ir
r
itab
ilit
y
,
d
if
f
ic
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lt
y
in
co
m
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p
w
it
h
d
ec
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s
,
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d
b
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m
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s
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Sel
f
-
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m
is
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n
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h
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ce
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t
s
.
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-
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is
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h
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eg
at
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e
e
v
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a
p
er
s
o
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m
a
k
es
w
it
h
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eg
ar
d
to
h
i
m
s
el
f
o
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s
elf
.
I
t a
ls
o
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ef
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t
o
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elief
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itu
d
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s
,
an
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p
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p
ti
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s
ab
o
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t
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[9
].
A
p
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s
i
tiv
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s
el
f
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is
an
in
d
icat
o
r
o
f
s
o
u
n
d
m
e
n
tal
h
ea
lt
h
an
d
g
o
o
d
s
o
cial
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
[
1
0
]
.
P
o
s
itiv
e
s
elf
-
e
s
te
e
m
m
a
y
allo
w
p
eo
p
le
to
m
a
k
e
b
etter
d
ec
is
io
n
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
ad
o
p
tin
g
h
ea
l
th
y
h
a
b
its
[
1
1
]
,
an
d
it
h
as
a
p
o
s
i
tiv
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
m
en
tal
h
ea
lt
h
,
an
d
p
er
s
o
n
alit
y
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
[
1
2
]
Neg
ati
v
e
s
elf
-
estee
m
co
u
ld
lead
to
s
o
ci
al
p
r
o
b
lem
s
l
ik
e
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
,
an
x
ie
t
y
,
h
i
g
h
-
r
is
k
b
eh
av
io
r
s
an
d
s
u
b
s
ta
n
ce
u
s
e
[
1
0
]
.
A
m
o
n
g
c
o
ll
eg
e
f
r
esh
m
an
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
l
em
em
e
r
g
es
if
m
en
t
al
h
e
al
th
is
ch
al
l
en
g
e
d
as
a
r
e
s
u
lt
o
f
a
t
r
a
n
s
i
ti
o
n
th
a
t
m
ay
l
ea
d
t
o
t
h
e
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
o
f
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
an
d
n
ic
o
t
i
n
e
.
W
h
en
th
es
e
b
e
c
o
m
e
u
n
m
an
ag
e
a
b
le
,
it
m
ay
r
e
s
u
l
t
in
h
e
a
lt
h
r
i
s
k
s
a
n
d
u
n
h
ea
l
th
y
b
eh
av
i
o
r
.
Sm
o
k
in
g
o
r
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
u
s
e
w
a
s
r
e
p
o
r
t
e
d
t
o
b
e
l
i
n
k
e
d
w
ith
an
x
i
e
ty
s
y
m
p
t
o
m
s
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
a
n
d
s
y
m
p
t
o
m
s
o
f
d
e
p
r
e
s
s
i
o
n
[
1
1
]
-
[
1
3
]
.
L
ik
e
w
is
e
,
a
lc
o
h
o
l
d
r
i
n
k
i
n
g
i
s
as
s
o
ci
a
t
e
d
w
i
th
d
e
p
r
e
s
s
i
o
n
,
[
1
4
]
-
[
1
6
]
a
n
x
i
ety
,
[
1
7
]
a
n
d
a
n
x
i
e
ty
a
n
d
d
e
p
r
e
s
s
io
n
[
1
8
]
.
S
e
l
f
-
es
t
e
em
is
a
s
s
o
c
ia
t
e
d
w
i
th
s
m
o
k
in
g
,
[
1
9
]
s
m
o
k
in
g
an
d
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
t
i
o
n
[
2
0
]
,
a
n
d
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
u
s
e
[
2
1
]
.
I
n
t
h
e
Ph
il
i
p
p
in
es
,
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
c
o
m
m
o
n
ly
u
s
e
d
s
u
b
s
t
an
c
es
b
y
a
d
o
l
es
c
en
ts
a
r
e
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
an
d
n
i
c
o
t
in
e
[
2
2
]
a
n
d
th
e
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
t
i
o
n
o
f
th
es
e
s
u
b
s
ta
n
c
es
w
as
h
ig
h
[
2
3
]
.
L
ik
e
w
is
e
,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
i
l
li
c
it
d
r
u
g
w
a
s
a
ls
o
h
ig
h
[
2
4
]
.
T
e
e
n
ag
e
y
e
a
r
s
an
d
e
a
r
ly
a
d
u
l
th
o
o
d
r
e
f
le
c
t
c
r
u
c
i
al
p
h
as
es
d
u
r
in
g
w
h
i
c
h
b
e
h
av
i
o
u
r
s
o
f
s
u
b
s
t
an
c
e
u
s
e
lik
e
a
lc
o
h
o
l
,
c
ig
a
r
e
t
t
es
an
d
ev
en
d
r
u
g
u
s
e
h
av
e
b
e
e
n
f
o
r
m
e
d
.
T
h
es
e
a
r
e
c
r
i
ti
c
a
l
t
im
es
in
w
h
ich
th
ese
h
a
b
i
ts
a
r
e
t
o
b
e
av
o
i
d
e
d
.
T
h
e
in
c
r
e
as
in
g
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
o
f
a
lc
o
h
o
l
a
n
d
s
m
o
k
in
g
c
a
l
ls
f
o
r
th
e
b
es
t
s
o
lu
ti
o
n
t
o
p
u
b
l
i
c
h
e
a
lt
h
c
o
n
c
e
r
n
s
[
2
0
]
.
Su
c
c
e
s
s
f
u
l
in
te
r
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
s
a
r
e
n
e
ed
e
d
t
o
f
a
c
i
li
t
at
e
th
e
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
t
t
itu
d
e
s
am
o
n
g
s
ch
o
o
l
c
h
i
l
d
r
en
,
t
o
p
r
e
v
en
t
a
d
o
l
e
s
c
en
t
r
is
k
b
e
h
av
i
o
r
s
,
[
2
1
]
a
n
d
t
o
b
u
il
d
e
f
f
e
ct
iv
e
a
n
d
s
af
e
c
o
p
in
g
s
t
r
a
t
eg
ie
s
in
t
im
es
o
f
c
r
i
s
i
s
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
r
eg
u
la
r
u
s
e
o
f
a
l
c
o
h
o
li
c
b
ev
e
r
ag
es
an
d
c
ig
a
r
e
t
te
s
m
o
k
in
g
am
o
n
g
c
o
l
l
eg
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
is
a
l
a
r
m
in
g
b
e
c
au
s
e
th
es
e
s
u
b
s
t
an
c
es
a
r
e
a
d
d
i
c
t
iv
e
.
W
o
r
ld
w
id
e,
t
h
er
e
ar
e
p
r
o
lif
er
atio
n
s
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
th
er
ap
ies
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
t
h
e
m
en
ta
l
h
ea
lth
p
r
o
b
lem
s
h
o
w
ev
er
,
i
n
th
e
P
h
ilip
p
in
e
s
,
t
h
er
e
is
s
ca
r
cit
y
o
f
r
esear
ch
t
h
at
d
ea
l
o
n
th
e
m
e
n
tal
h
ea
lt
h
p
r
o
b
lem
s
o
f
alco
h
o
l
d
r
in
k
er
s
a
n
d
cig
ar
ette
s
m
o
k
e
r
s
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
w
a
s
co
n
d
u
cted
as
an
o
f
f
s
h
o
o
t
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
Flo
r
en
d
o
an
d
De
Gu
z
m
a
n
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
w
a
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
as
a
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
th
e
n
e
ed
o
f
cr
ea
ti
n
g
a
n
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
to
d
ea
l
w
it
h
t
h
e
m
e
n
tal
h
ea
lt
h
s
tate
s
h
ig
h
a
n
x
iet
y
,
m
i
ld
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
,
an
d
av
er
ag
e
s
el
f
-
estee
m
o
f
t
h
e
co
lle
g
e
f
r
es
h
m
an
b
in
g
e
d
r
in
k
er
s
a
n
d
ci
g
ar
ett
e
s
m
o
k
er
s
.
T
h
e
m
a
in
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
is
to
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
e
f
f
icac
y
o
f
th
e
m
u
l
ti
m
o
d
al
i
n
ter
v
e
n
ti
o
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
i
n
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
.
Sp
ec
i
f
icall
y
,
it
a
n
s
w
er
s
t
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es:
i
)
Dev
elo
p
a
n
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
h
ig
h
a
n
x
iet
y
,
m
ild
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
,
an
d
n
o
r
m
a
l
s
el
f
-
estee
m
o
f
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
t
s
an
d
ii
)
Dete
r
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
s
i
g
n
i
f
ican
t
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
g
r
o
u
p
a
n
d
t
h
e
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
ta
l
g
r
o
u
p
in
t
h
e
p
r
e
-
te
s
t
an
d
p
o
s
t
-
te
s
t
i
n
ter
v
en
t
io
n
m
ea
s
u
r
es.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
p
r
e
d
icted
th
at
t
h
er
e
w
a
s
n
o
s
i
g
n
i
f
ican
t d
i
f
f
er
e
n
ce
i
n
th
e
m
e
n
tal
s
tates o
f
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
g
r
o
u
p
an
d
th
e
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
g
r
o
u
p
o
n
th
e
p
r
e
an
d
p
o
s
t
-
i
n
ter
v
en
tio
n
m
ea
s
u
r
es.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
I
n
th
e
p
r
ep
ar
atio
n
o
f
th
e
m
u
l
ti
m
o
d
al
in
ter
v
en
t
io
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
,
th
e
p
s
y
c
h
o
-
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
al
ac
ti
v
ities
w
er
e
r
ef
lecte
d
o
n
h
o
w
to
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
h
ig
h
a
n
x
ie
t
y
,
m
ild
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
,
an
d
th
e
e
n
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
el
f
-
estee
m
.
T
h
e
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
w
a
s
a
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
s
e
v
er
al
ac
ti
v
ities
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
m
e
n
tal
h
ea
lth
s
ta
tes
o
f
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
.
I
t
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
r
el
ax
atio
n
e
x
er
cise
s
,
clas
s
ical
m
u
s
ic,
r
ela
x
atio
n
e
x
er
cise
s
co
u
p
led
w
it
h
co
g
n
iti
v
e
r
estru
ct
u
r
in
g
.
B
io
en
er
g
etic
ac
tiv
itie
s
a
n
d
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
ac
ti
v
iti
es
o
r
p
h
y
s
ica
l
ac
tiv
ities
,
d
a
n
c
e
m
o
v
e
s
,
an
d
v
id
eo
v
ie
w
i
n
g
,
w
er
e
also
i
n
cl
u
d
ed
in
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
.
S
i
m
ilar
l
y
,
t
h
e
m
u
lti
m
o
d
al
i
n
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
e
m
p
h
asized
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
'
s
tr
e
n
g
t
h
s
an
d
w
ea
k
n
e
s
s
e
s
,
as
w
ell
as t
h
eir
r
o
les
an
d
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
ie
s
.
A
to
tal
o
f
f
o
r
t
y
f
r
es
h
m
a
n
co
ll
eg
e
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
a
t
I
s
ab
ela
State
Un
i
v
er
s
it
y
-
Ma
i
n
C
a
m
p
u
s
w
er
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
el
y
ch
o
s
en
a
s
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
i
n
th
is
r
esear
c
h
.
T
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
w
er
e
s
elec
ted
b
ased
o
n
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
cr
iter
ia:
u
tili
ze
d
3
-
8
s
tick
s
o
f
ci
ga
r
ette
s
an
d
co
n
s
u
m
ed
7
0
0
-
1
,
2
0
0
m
l
o
f
alco
h
o
lic
b
ev
er
ag
es
p
er
d
ay
.
T
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
w
er
e
id
en
ti
f
ied
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
p
r
e
-
s
u
r
v
e
y
q
u
e
s
tio
n
n
air
e.
A
m
a
tch
ed
-
g
r
o
u
p
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
d
esi
g
n
w
a
s
u
tili
ze
d
b
y
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
.
T
h
e
d
ata
g
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ed
w
a
s
an
a
l
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ze
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
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S
tatis
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l
P
ac
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So
cial
Scien
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s
an
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p
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a
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te
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t a
t
0
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0
5
lev
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o
f
s
ig
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f
ica
n
ce
w
a
s
u
s
ed
to
an
al
y
ze
t
h
e
d
ata.
B
ec
k
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x
iet
y
in
v
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n
to
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y
(
B
A
I
)
w
a
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to
test
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k
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v
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)
w
a
s
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lized
to
m
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d
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B
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n
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I
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B
o
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in
v
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n
to
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ies
r
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f
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m
0
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3
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d
t
h
e
d
iv
er
s
it
y
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f
s
co
r
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co
u
ld
b
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at
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
0
-
6
3
.
Hig
h
s
co
r
es
in
d
icate
a
h
ig
h
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lev
el
o
f
a
n
x
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d
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,
w
h
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lo
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m
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n
lo
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x
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d
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le
v
el.
W
h
en
th
e
B
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w
as
p
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t
to
th
e
test
,
t
h
e
v
alid
it
y
w
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s
r
=
0
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7
2
,
th
e
r
eliab
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y
w
a
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r
=
0
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8
3
,
an
d
th
e
i
n
ter
n
al
co
n
s
i
s
ten
c
y
w
a
s
0
.
9
2
[
27]
.
Mo
s
t
B
DI
-
I
I
s
t
u
d
ies
h
av
e
r
ep
o
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m
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n
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f
ab
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t
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9
,
r
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g
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g
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r
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m
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8
3
to
0
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9
6
6
.
T
h
e
B
DI
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a
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alid
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n
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t.
J
.
P
u
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci.
I
SS
N:
2
252
-
8
806
Th
e
effica
cy
o
f m
u
ltimo
d
a
l
in
t
erven
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
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men
ta
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lth
s
ta
tes
(
Hele
n
a
B
.
F
lo
r
en
d
o
)
787
r
eliab
le
in
s
tr
u
m
e
n
t
w
i
th
.
9
3
test
-
r
ete
s
t
a
n
d
.
9
2
in
ter
n
al
co
n
s
is
te
n
c
y
[
2
8
]
.
T
h
is
in
s
tr
u
m
e
n
t
is
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
u
s
ed
q
u
e
s
tio
n
n
air
es
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
s
ev
er
it
y
o
f
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
,
wh
ich
ca
n
also
b
e
ad
m
i
n
i
s
ter
ed
as
a
s
cr
ee
n
in
g
to
o
l
in
n
o
n
-
cli
n
ical
p
o
p
u
lat
io
n
s
[
2
8
]
.
T
h
e
R
o
s
e
n
b
er
g
Self
-
E
s
tee
m
Sca
le
(
R
SES)
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
1
0
ite
m
s
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
i
v
e
w
o
r
th
o
f
a
p
er
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o
n
.
T
h
e
an
s
w
er
o
n
R
SE
S
r
an
g
e
s
f
r
o
m
1
to
4
(
s
tr
o
n
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y
a
g
r
ee
to
s
tr
o
n
g
l
y
di
s
ag
r
ee
)
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d
th
e
to
tal
r
an
g
e
o
f
s
co
r
e
is
1
0
to
4
0
.
On
th
is
s
ca
le,
a
f
f
ir
m
at
iv
e
a
n
d
n
eg
at
iv
e
s
tate
m
en
t
s
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
s
el
f
-
e
s
tee
m
;
b
o
th
p
o
s
itiv
e
a
n
d
n
e
g
ati
v
e
s
e
lf
-
w
o
r
th
.
T
h
e
h
i
g
h
er
t
h
e
s
co
r
e,
th
e
h
i
g
h
er
o
n
e
's
s
el
f
-
estee
m
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
lo
w
er
o
n
e'
s
s
el
f
-
e
s
tee
m
.
R
SE
S
’
C
r
o
n
b
ac
h
’
s
alp
h
a
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
w
as
0
.
8
6
[
2
9
]
.
W
h
en
p
er
m
i
s
s
io
n
w
a
s
o
b
tain
ed
,
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
w
er
e
id
en
ti
f
ied
.
T
h
er
e
is
an
et
h
ical
clea
r
a
n
ce
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
t
s
.
T
h
ey
w
er
e
g
iv
e
n
a
n
e
x
p
lan
a
to
r
y
s
tate
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
ed
co
n
s
e
n
t
w
h
ic
h
t
h
e
y
s
ig
n
ed
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
co
n
d
u
ct
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
ex
p
la
n
ato
r
y
s
tate
m
en
t
a
n
d
in
f
o
r
m
ed
co
n
s
e
n
t
w
er
e
elu
cid
ated
f
o
r
b
etter
u
n
d
er
s
t
an
d
in
g
.
T
h
e
eth
ical
p
r
in
cip
les o
f
r
esear
ch
w
er
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
t
h
e
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t o
f
th
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
t
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
b
ased
o
n
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es.
T
h
e
m
u
lti
m
o
d
al
i
n
ter
v
en
t
io
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
.
T
h
e
ch
a
n
g
e
s
an
d
ad
j
u
s
t
m
en
ts
e
n
co
u
n
ter
ed
b
y
f
r
esh
m
a
n
co
lleg
e
s
t
u
d
en
t
s
i
n
th
eir
u
n
iv
er
s
it
y
li
f
e
p
la
y
a
m
aj
o
r
r
o
le
in
t
h
e
s
u
cc
es
s
o
f
t
h
eir
ac
ad
em
ic
li
f
e.
I
t
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
d
en
ied
t
h
at
t
h
e
s
tr
ess
th
e
y
e
n
co
u
n
ter
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
s
th
eir
m
en
tal
h
ea
l
th
s
tates.
T
h
e
y
ar
e
f
r
i
g
h
ten
ed
,
th
r
ea
te
n
ed
,
d
is
co
n
ten
ted
,
an
d
u
n
h
ap
p
y
a
n
d
at
ti
m
es
b
ec
o
m
e
m
i
s
er
ab
le.
T
h
ey
ar
e
ac
tu
all
y
at
r
is
k
.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
y
ar
e
v
u
l
n
er
ab
le
to
alco
h
o
l
u
s
e
an
d
ci
g
a
r
ette
s
m
o
k
in
g
.
St
u
d
ies
co
n
d
u
cted
r
ev
ea
led
th
a
t
s
t
u
d
en
t
s
r
elie
v
e
t
h
eir
a
n
x
ie
t
y
[
9
]
,
[
10
]
,
[
1
7
]
,
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
[
1
1
]
-
[
1
6
]
,
an
d
lo
w
s
el
f
-
e
s
tee
m
[
1
9
]
-
[
2
1
]
th
r
o
u
g
h
b
i
n
g
e
d
r
in
k
in
g
a
n
d
ci
g
ar
ett
e
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
.
Hen
ce
,
b
in
g
e
d
r
i
n
k
in
g
a
n
d
ci
g
ar
ette
s
m
o
k
i
n
g
co
u
ld
b
e
r
ea
l
ized
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
u
n
d
er
l
y
i
n
g
p
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
ical
ex
p
la
n
atio
n
o
f
in
g
e
s
ti
n
g
th
e
s
e
s
u
b
s
tan
ce
s
.
T
h
e
Mu
lti
m
o
d
al
i
n
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
i
s
a
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
to
ad
d
r
ess
h
i
g
h
an
x
ie
t
y
,
m
ild
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
,
an
d
av
er
ag
e
s
el
f
-
es
tee
m
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
.
T
h
e
I
n
te
r
v
en
t
io
n
P
r
o
g
r
am
ai
m
s
to
h
elp
f
r
es
h
m
an
co
lle
g
e
b
in
g
e
d
r
in
k
er
s
a
n
d
cig
ar
ette
s
m
o
k
er
s
to
1
)
Dete
r
m
i
n
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
o
n
h
o
w
to
m
an
a
g
e
th
eir
h
i
g
h
an
x
iet
y
a
n
d
m
ild
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
;
2
)
E
n
h
a
n
ce
th
e
ir
s
el
f
-
estee
m
;
a
n
d
3
)
Di
s
co
v
er
d
i
s
ce
r
n
in
g
at
tit
u
d
e
f
o
r
g
r
o
w
t
h
,
lear
n
i
n
g
,
an
d
ch
a
n
g
e
i
n
p
er
s
o
n
al
li
f
e.
T
h
e
Mu
lti
m
o
d
al
I
n
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
P
r
o
g
r
am
co
n
s
is
ted
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
ac
tiv
itie
s
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
m
e
n
tal
h
ea
lt
h
s
tates
o
f
t
h
e
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
.
T
h
e
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
tar
ted
w
it
h
a
m
o
o
d
s
etti
n
g
a
n
d
tr
u
s
t
b
u
ild
in
g
ac
ti
v
it
y
to
estab
lis
h
r
ap
p
o
r
t
an
d
en
d
ed
w
it
h
a
p
r
a
y
er
.
T
o
d
ea
l
w
it
h
h
i
g
h
a
n
x
iet
y
,
r
elax
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n
ac
ti
v
itie
s
li
k
e
h
y
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n
o
tic
in
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u
ctio
n
,
cla
s
s
ical
m
u
s
ic,
a
n
d
h
y
p
n
o
tic
i
n
d
u
ct
io
n
w
i
th
co
g
n
iti
v
e
r
es
tr
u
ct
u
r
in
g
w
er
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
b
io
en
er
g
etic
ac
t
iv
i
ties
w
er
e
p
r
esen
ted
f
o
r
t
h
e
tr
ea
t
m
en
t
o
f
m
i
ld
d
ep
r
ess
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n
an
d
s
el
f
-
e
s
t
ee
m
e
n
h
an
ce
m
e
n
t:
s
elf
-
a
w
ar
e
n
es
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
m
u
s
c
le
ten
s
io
n
,
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
ac
tiv
it
ies
o
r
p
h
y
s
ical
ac
ti
v
ities
,
v
i
d
eo
v
ie
w
in
g
w
h
i
le
i
m
itat
in
g
d
an
ce
m
o
v
es,
a
n
d
ex
p
r
ess
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n
o
f
f
r
ee
d
an
ce
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
ts
w
h
i
le
r
o
ck
m
u
s
ic
w
as
p
la
y
ed
.
T
h
e
id
en
ti
f
icati
o
n
o
f
p
ar
ticip
an
t
s
'
s
tr
en
g
th
s
a
n
d
w
ea
k
n
es
s
es,
as
w
ell
as
t
h
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r
o
les
a
n
d
r
esp
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n
s
ib
ilit
ies,
w
as
al
s
o
in
cl
u
d
ed
.
T
h
e
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
co
n
s
i
s
ted
o
f
s
p
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i
f
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o
b
j
ec
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er
ac
ti
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y
,
m
a
ter
ials
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s
ed
w
er
e
id
en
ti
f
ied
,
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
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er
e
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n
d
icate
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,
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d
p
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o
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t
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n
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f
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h
at
th
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m
u
lti
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d
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in
ter
v
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tio
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m
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m
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if
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ce
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th
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m
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tal
s
tates
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f
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r
esp
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d
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ts
i
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t
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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I
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J
.
P
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2021
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[
33
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.
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[
3
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[
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[
4
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an
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f
o
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[4
8
]
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eo
p
le
w
h
o
ar
e
d
ep
r
ess
ed
[4
9
].
H
y
p
n
o
s
i
s
ca
n
b
e
e
f
f
icien
t
an
d
u
s
e
f
u
l
a
s
an
ad
j
u
n
ct
i
n
m
a
n
a
g
in
g
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
[
50
]
-
[5
3
]
,
an
x
iet
y
[5
1
]
,
[5
4
]
,
d
is
tr
ess
,
an
d
ca
n
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
s
elf
-
estee
m
a
n
d
o
p
ti
m
is
m
[5
4
].
Sim
i
lar
l
y
,
c
o
m
b
i
n
ed
h
y
p
n
o
s
is
w
it
h
co
g
n
iti
v
e
b
eh
av
io
r
th
er
ap
y
is
es
s
e
n
tial
i
n
m
a
n
a
g
i
n
g
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
an
d
t
h
e
tr
ea
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
e
m
o
tio
n
al
d
is
o
r
d
er
s
[5
5
]
.
H
y
p
n
o
s
i
s
w
as a
l
s
o
ef
f
icac
io
u
s
,
esp
ec
iall
y
w
h
en
t
h
er
e
ar
e
o
th
er
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
s
u
s
ed
in
tr
ea
ti
n
g
p
atien
t
s
[5
6
].
Sev
er
al
s
t
u
d
ies
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
p
h
y
s
ical
ex
er
ci
s
es
an
d
p
h
y
s
ical
ac
tiv
i
t
y
s
ee
m
ed
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
in
th
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
o
f
d
e
p
r
ess
io
n
[5
7
]
-
[
6
2
]
.
P
h
y
s
ical
ex
er
cises
m
a
y
al
s
o
p
r
o
v
id
e
b
e
n
ef
icial
ef
f
ec
t
s
s
u
c
h
as
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
a
n
x
iet
y
[5
8
]
,
[
6
3
]
.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
er
th
e
le
v
el
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical
ac
ti
v
it
y
,
t
h
e
lo
w
er
th
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
ac
q
u
ir
in
g
an
ticip
ated
an
x
iet
y
an
d
ev
en
a
n
x
ie
t
y
d
is
o
r
d
er
[
6
3
]
.
T
h
er
e
is
is
a
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
et
w
ee
n
p
h
y
s
ical
ac
ti
v
it
y
a
n
d
s
el
f
-
est
ee
m
a
m
o
n
g
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
[
6
4
]
.
P
o
s
itiv
e
r
esu
lt
s
w
er
e
f
o
u
n
d
o
n
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
p
h
y
s
ical
ac
ti
v
it
y
a
n
d
s
el
f
estee
m
[
6
5
]
,
[
6
6
]
am
o
n
g
s
t
u
d
en
t
s
w
h
o
p
ar
ticip
ated
in
th
e
r
esear
c
h
.
Am
o
n
g
ad
o
lesce
n
ts
,
it
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
r
o
ck
m
u
s
ic
i
s
ap
p
ea
lin
g
[6
6
]
.
W
h
en
a
p
er
s
o
n
h
ea
r
s
an
d
lis
te
n
s
to
f
as
t
m
u
s
ic,
h
e/s
h
e
i
s
ca
r
r
ied
a
w
a
y
b
y
t
h
e
b
ea
t o
f
t
h
e
m
u
s
ic.
Dan
ce
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
ap
p
ea
r
s
to
b
e
ca
th
ar
tic
[6
7
].
Dan
ce
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
i
n
t
h
e
tr
ea
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
an
d
an
x
iet
y
[6
8
]
,
[
6
9
]
.
W
h
en
a
p
er
s
o
n
en
g
a
g
ed
in
d
an
ce
m
o
v
e
s
,
th
e
b
o
d
y
an
d
p
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
ical
en
d
u
r
an
ce
is
a
f
f
ec
ted
to
less
en
th
e
n
e
g
ati
v
e
ef
f
e
cts
o
f
th
e
ir
d
is
tr
ess
[
70
].
Vid
e
o
u
s
e
ca
n
ch
a
n
g
e
an
d
m
o
d
i
f
y
h
o
w
an
ed
u
ca
to
r
ca
n
teac
h
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icate
w
it
h
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
.
Vid
eo
as
a
f
o
r
m
o
f
teac
h
i
n
g
i
s
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
i
n
t
h
e
P
h
ilip
p
in
es
b
u
t
al
l
o
v
er
th
e
w
o
r
ld
.
Vid
eo
is
en
ter
tain
i
n
g
[6
9
]
,
v
id
eo
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
a
s
m
o
tiv
atio
n
,
an
d
a
to
o
l
f
o
r
n
e
w
l
ea
r
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
teac
h
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
[
7
0
]
,
[
7
1
]
-
[
7
3
]
.
Vid
eo
s
ar
e
u
s
ef
u
l a
n
d
h
elp
f
u
l
in
in
s
tr
u
c
tio
n
[7
4
].
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
m
u
l
ti
m
o
d
al
i
n
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
ap
p
ea
r
ed
u
s
e
f
u
l
a
n
d
h
e
lp
f
u
l
i
n
r
ed
u
cin
g
h
ig
h
an
x
ie
t
y
a
n
d
m
ild
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
an
d
en
h
an
ci
n
g
n
o
r
m
al
s
el
f
-
estee
m
a
m
o
n
g
f
r
es
h
m
an
co
lle
g
e
b
in
g
e
d
r
in
k
er
s
an
d
ci
g
ar
ette
s
m
o
k
er
s
.
T
h
e
m
u
lti
m
o
d
al
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
ca
n
b
e
test
ed
o
n
a
b
ig
g
er
p
o
p
u
latio
n
to
v
alid
ate
th
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
h
i
g
h
an
x
ie
t
y
,
m
ild
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
,
an
d
en
h
a
n
c
ed
s
el
f
-
e
s
tee
m
.
T
h
is
i
n
ter
v
en
t
io
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
a
y
a
ls
o
b
e
tr
ied
o
n
s
t
u
d
en
ts
w
h
o
ar
e
n
o
t
b
in
g
e
d
r
in
k
er
s
an
d
n
o
t
cig
ar
ette
s
m
o
k
er
s
b
u
t
h
a
v
e
h
i
g
h
an
x
iet
y
a
n
d
m
ild
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
a
n
d
n
o
r
m
al
s
e
lf
-
estee
m
to
f
u
r
t
h
er
test
its
e
f
f
i
ca
c
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t.
J
.
P
u
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci.
I
SS
N:
2
252
-
8
806
Th
e
effica
cy
o
f m
u
ltimo
d
a
l
in
t
erven
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
o
n
men
ta
l
h
ea
lth
s
ta
tes
(
Hele
n
a
B
.
F
lo
r
en
d
o
)
789
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
J.G
.
Ba
c
h
m
a
n
,
K.N.
W
a
d
s
w
o
rth
,
P
.
M
.
O'
M
a
ll
e
y
,
L
.
D.
Jo
h
n
sto
n
,
a
n
d
J.E
.
S
c
h
u
len
b
e
rg
,
“
S
m
o
k
in
g
,
d
rin
k
in
g
,
a
n
d
d
ru
g
u
se
i
n
y
o
u
n
g
a
d
u
lt
h
o
o
d
:
T
h
e
im
p
a
c
ts
o
f
n
e
w
f
re
e
d
o
m
s an
d
n
e
w
re
sp
o
n
sib
il
it
ies
,
”
Psy
c
h
o
lo
g
y
P
re
ss
,
Ju
n
2
0
1
3
.
[2
]
I.
J.
Ch
u
n
g
a
n
d
J.
Ch
u
n
,
“
Co
‐
o
c
c
u
rrin
g
p
a
tt
e
rn
s
o
f
sm
o
k
in
g
a
n
d
a
lco
h
o
l
c
o
n
su
m
p
ti
o
n
a
m
o
n
g
Ko
re
a
n
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
ts
”
,
T
h
e
Ame
ric
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
n
A
d
d
icti
o
n
s,
v
o
l.
1
9
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
2
5
2
-
2
5
6
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
0
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
1
1
/
j.
1
5
2
1
-
0
3
9
1
.
2
0
1
0
.
0
0
0
3
2
.
x
.
[3
]
L.
Die
r
k
e
r
e
t
a
l.
,
“
T
o
b
a
c
c
o
Et
io
lo
g
y
Re
s
e
a
rc
h
N
e
t
w
o
rk
.
T
o
b
a
c
c
o
,
a
lco
h
o
l,
a
n
d
m
a
rij
u
a
n
a
u
se
a
m
o
n
g
f
irst
-
y
e
a
r
US
c
o
ll
e
g
e
st
u
d
e
n
ts:
A
ti
m
e
s
e
ries
a
n
a
ly
sis,
”
S
u
b
sta
n
c
e
Us
e
&
M
isu
se
,
v
o
l.
4
3
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
6
8
0
-
6
9
9
,
Ja
n
2
0
0
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
0
/
1
0
8
2
6
0
8
0
7
0
1
2
0
2
6
8
4
.
[4
]
E.
Ku
n
tsc
h
e
,
S
.
Ku
n
tsc
h
e
,
J.
Th
ru
l
,
a
n
d
G.
Gm
e
l
,
“
Bin
g
e
d
rin
k
in
g
:
He
a
lt
h
i
m
p
a
c
t,
p
re
v
a
len
c
e
,
c
o
rre
late
s
a
n
d
in
terv
e
n
ti
o
n
s,
”
Psy
c
h
o
lo
g
y
&
He
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
3
2
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
9
7
6
-
1
0
1
7
,
A
u
g
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
8
0
/
0
8
8
7
0
4
4
6
.
2
0
1
7
.
1
3
2
5
8
8
9
.
[5
]
M
.
E.
P
a
tr
ick
,
Y.M
.
T
e
rr
y
‐M
c
El
ra
th
,
S
T
.
L
a
n
z
a
,
J.
Ja
g
e
r
,
J.E
.
S
c
h
u
len
b
e
rg
,
a
n
d
P.M.
O'
M
a
ll
e
y
,
“
S
h
if
ti
n
g
a
g
e
o
f
p
e
a
k
b
in
g
e
d
ri
n
k
in
g
p
re
v
a
len
c
e
:
Histo
rica
l
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
in
n
o
rm
a
ti
v
e
traje
c
to
ries
a
m
o
n
g
y
o
u
n
g
a
d
u
lt
s
a
g
e
d
1
8
t
o
3
0
”
,
Al
c
o
h
o
li
sm
:
Cli
n
ica
l
a
n
d
Exp
e
ri
me
n
ta
l
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
4
3
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
2
7
8
-
2
9
8
,
F
e
b
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
1
1
/ac
e
r.
1
3
9
3
3
.
[6
]
M
.
-
P
.
T
a
v
o
lac
c
i
,
E
.
Bo
e
rg
,
L
.
Ri
c
h
a
rd
,
G
.
M
e
y
rig
n
a
c
,
P
.
De
c
h
e
lo
tt
e
,
a
n
d
J
.
L
a
d
n
e
“
P
re
v
a
len
c
e
o
f
b
in
g
e
d
rin
k
i
n
g
a
n
d
a
ss
o
c
iate
d
b
e
h
a
v
io
u
rs am
o
n
g
3
2
8
6
c
o
ll
e
g
e
stu
d
e
n
ts
i
n
F
ra
n
c
e
,
”
BM
C
Pu
b
li
c
He
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
1
6
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
9
,
De
c
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
8
6
/s
1
2
8
8
9
-
0
1
6
-
2
863
-
x.
[7
]
P
.
S
h
a
ra
re
h
,
T
.
L
e
il
i,
M
.
A
b
b
a
s,
P
.
Ja
lal
a
n
d
G
.
A
li
,
“
De
ter
m
in
in
g
c
o
rre
late
s
o
f
th
e
a
v
e
ra
g
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
c
ig
a
re
tt
e
s
m
o
k
in
g
a
m
o
n
g
c
o
ll
e
g
e
stu
d
e
n
ts
u
sin
g
c
o
u
n
t
re
g
re
ss
io
n
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ic
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[8
]
Ja
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n
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.
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irza
e
i
-
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h
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.
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ra
m
i
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a
ti
n
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M
a
h
b
o
u
b
i
,
M.,
”
Co
g
n
it
iv
e
f
a
c
to
rs
re
late
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to
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ig
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re
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e
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m
o
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m
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c
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ll
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g
e
stu
d
e
n
ts:
A
n
a
p
p
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[9
]
D.
S
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y
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o
m
b
o
r,
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G
a
rn
e
tt
,
N.
Bo
y
t,
a
n
d
R.
W
e
st,
“
As
so
c
iatio
n
s
b
e
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e
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n
se
l
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n
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d
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th
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UK
:
A
c
ro
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ti
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l
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e
BBC
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L
a
b
d
a
ta
b
a
se
,
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Ad
d
ictive
Beh
a
v
io
rs
Re
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[1
0
]
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M
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n
n
,
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M
.
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Ho
sm
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n
,
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P
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S
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a
lm
a
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d
N.
K.
d
e
V
ries
,
“
S
e
lf
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ste
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m
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ro
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ro
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a
lt
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E
d
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Res
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.
[1
1
]
J.
A
rsa
n
d
a
u
x
,
G
.
M
ich
e
l,
M
.
T
o
u
rn
ier,
C.
T
z
o
u
ri
o
,
a
n
d
C
.
G
a
léra
,
“
Is
se
l
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-
e
ste
e
m
a
ss
o
c
iate
d
w
it
h
se
lf
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ra
ted
h
e
a
lt
h
a
m
o
n
g
F
re
n
c
h
c
o
ll
e
g
e
stu
d
e
n
ts?
A
lo
n
g
it
u
d
i
n
a
l
e
p
id
e
m
io
lo
g
ica
l
stu
d
y
:
T
h
e
i
-
S
h
a
re
c
o
h
o
rt
,
”
BM
J
Op
e
n
,
v
o
l.
9
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o
.
6
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p
p
.
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jo
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4
5
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0
.
[1
2
]
J.
S
h
i,
L
.
W
a
n
g
,
Y.
Ya
o
,
N.
S
u
,
X
.
Z
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o
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n
d
F
.
C
h
e
n
,
“
F
a
m
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y
i
m
p
a
c
ts
o
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lf
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st
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e
m
in
Ch
in
e
se
c
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ll
e
g
e
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re
sh
m
e
n
,
”
Fro
n
ti
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rs
i
n
Psy
c
h
ia
try
,
v
o
l.
8
,
p
p
.
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-
7
,
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c
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o
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3
8
9
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p
sy
t.
2
0
1
7
.
0
0
2
7
9
.
[1
3
]
F
.
M
.
S
l
o
m
p
,
T
.
S
.
Ba
ra
,
G
.
L
.
P
ich
a
rsk
i,
a
n
d
M
.
L
.
Co
rd
e
ir
o
,
“
As
so
c
iatio
n
o
f
c
ig
a
re
tt
e
sm
o
k
in
g
w
it
h
a
n
x
iet
y
,
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
,
a
n
d
,
su
icid
a
l
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d
e
a
ti
o
n
a
m
o
n
g
Bra
z
il
ian
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
ts
,
”
N
e
u
ro
p
sy
c
h
ia
tric
Dise
a
se
a
n
d
T
re
a
tme
n
t
,
v
o
l.
1
5
,
p
p
.
2
7
9
9
–
2
8
0
8
,
2
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1
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d
o
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1
4
7
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.
S
2
1
7
0
6
9
.
[1
4
]
M
.
F
lu
h
a
rty
,
A
.
E.
T
a
y
lo
r,
M
.
G
r
a
b
sk
i
,
a
n
d
M
.
R
.
M
u
n
a
f
ò
,
“
T
h
e
a
ss
o
c
iatio
n
o
f
c
ig
a
re
tt
e
s
m
o
k
in
g
w
it
h
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
an
d
a
n
x
iety
:
A
s
y
ste
m
a
ti
c
re
v
i
e
w
,
”
Nico
ti
n
e
&
T
o
b
a
c
c
o
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
1
9
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
3
-
1
3
,
M
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y
2016
,
d
o
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:
1
0
.
1
0
9
3
/
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tr/
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tw
1
4
0
.
[1
5
]
A
.
L
.
W
il
k
in
so
n
,
C.
T
.
Ha
lp
e
rn
,
a
n
d
A.
H
H
e
rrin
g
,
“
Dire
c
ti
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o
f
th
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re
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ip
b
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tw
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e
n
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o
d
,
”
A
d
d
ictive
Beh
a
v
io
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,
v
o
l.
1
,
n
o
.
6
0
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p
p
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4
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0
3
.
0
3
6
.
[1
6
]
M
.
M
il
ic
e
t
a
l.
,
“
T
o
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c
c
o
sm
o
k
in
g
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d
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e
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lt
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-
re
late
d
q
u
a
li
ty
o
f
li
fe
a
m
o
n
g
u
n
iv
e
rsity
stu
d
e
n
ts:
M
e
d
iatin
g
e
f
fe
c
t
o
f
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
,
”
Pl
o
s
O
n
e
,
v
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l.
1
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
18
,
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2
0
2
0
,
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o
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:
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0
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1
3
7
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o
u
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l.
p
o
n
e
.
0
2
2
7
0
4
2
.
[1
7
]
K
.
S
.
W
a
lt
e
rs,
S
.
M
.
B
u
lm
e
r,
P
.
F
.
T
ro
ian
o
,
U.
Ob
iak
a
,
a
n
d
R.
Bo
n
h
o
m
m
e
,
“
S
u
b
sta
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c
e
u
se
,
a
n
x
iety
,
a
n
d
d
e
p
re
ss
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s
y
m
p
to
m
s
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m
o
n
g
c
o
ll
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g
e
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d
e
n
ts
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ch
il
d
&
Ad
o
les
c
e
n
t
S
u
b
st
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n
c
e
Ab
u
se
,
v
o
l.
2
7
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
3
-
1
1
1
,
M
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r
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1
8
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d
o
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0
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0
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0
6
7
8
2
8
X
.
2
0
1
7
.
1
4
2
0
5
0
7
.
[1
8
]
S
.
R.
Ke
n
n
e
y
,
G
.
T
Di
G
u
ise
p
p
i,
M
.
K
M
e
ise
l,
S
.
G
.
Ba
les
tri
e
ri,
N.
P
.
Ba
rn
e
tt
,
“
P
o
o
r
m
e
n
tal
h
e
a
lt
h
,
p
e
e
r
d
ri
n
k
in
g
n
o
rm
s,
a
n
d
a
lco
h
o
l
r
isk
in
a
so
c
ial
n
e
tw
o
rk
o
f
f
irst
-
y
e
a
r
c
o
ll
e
g
e
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
,
”
Ad
d
ictive
Beh
a
v
io
rs
,
v
o
l.
8
4
,
p
p
.
1
5
1
-
1
5
9
,
S
e
p
2
0
1
8
,
d
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:
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0
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6
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.
a
d
d
b
e
h
.
2
0
1
8
.
0
4
.
0
1
2
.
[1
9
]
S
.
F
.
A
c
u
ff
e
t
a
l.
,
“
De
p
re
ss
i
v
e
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
a
s
p
re
d
icto
rs
o
f
a
lco
h
o
l
p
ro
b
lem
d
o
m
a
in
s
a
n
d
re
in
f
o
rc
e
m
e
n
t
a
m
o
n
g
h
e
a
v
y
d
rin
k
in
g
c
o
l
leg
e
stu
d
e
n
ts,
”
Psy
c
h
o
l
o
g
y
o
f
A
d
d
ictive
Beh
a
v
io
rs
,
v
o
l.
3
2
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
7
9
2
-
7
9
9
,
No
v
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
3
7
/a
d
b
0
0
0
0
3
9
7
.
[2
0
]
A
.
J
.
Br
a
v
o
,
M
.
R
.
P
e
a
rso
n
,
a
n
d
J
.
M.
He
n
so
n
,
“
Drin
k
in
g
to
c
o
p
e
w
it
h
d
e
p
re
ss
iv
e
s
y
m
p
to
m
s
a
n
d
ru
m
in
a
ti
v
e
T
h
in
k
in
g
:
A
m
u
lt
ip
le m
e
d
iatio
n
m
o
d
e
l
a
m
o
n
g
c
o
ll
e
g
e
stu
d
e
n
ts
,
”
S
u
b
sta
n
c
e
Us
e
&
M
isu
se
,
v
o
l.
5
2
,
no.
1,
p
p
.
5
2
-
6
2
,
Ja
n
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
0
8
0
/1
0
8
2
6
0
8
4
.
2
0
1
6
.
1
2
1
4
1
5
1
.
[2
1
]
W
.
Ga
o
,
S
.
P
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
X.
L
iu
,
“
G
e
n
d
e
r
d
iff
e
re
n
c
e
s
in
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
,
a
n
x
iety
,
a
n
d
stre
ss
a
m
o
n
g
c
o
ll
e
g
e
stu
d
e
n
ts:
A
lo
n
g
it
u
d
i
n
a
l
stu
d
y
f
ro
m
Ch
in
a
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
A
f
fec
ti
v
e
D
iso
rd
e
rs
,
n
o
.
2
6
3
,
p
p
.
2
9
2
-
3
0
0
,
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e
b
2
0
2
0
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d
o
i:
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0
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0
1
6
/
j.
jad
.
2
0
1
9
.
1
1
.
1
2
1
.
[2
2
]
A
.
C
.
C.
De
c
e
n
d
a
rio
,
“
S
u
b
sta
n
c
e
u
se
a
m
o
n
g
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
ts
in
M
a
it
u
m
,
S
a
ra
n
g
a
n
i
P
ro
v
in
c
e
:
Ba
sis
f
o
r
in
terv
e
n
ti
o
n
p
ro
g
ra
m
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
Res
e
a
rc
h
a
n
d
Pu
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
3
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
3
9
-
4
2
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
9
.
[2
3
]
S
.
A
h
Ho
n
g
a
n
d
K
.
P
e
lt
z
e
r,
“
Earl
y
a
d
o
les
c
e
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
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-
8806
I
n
t.
J
.
P
u
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lic
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lth
Sci.,
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l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2021
:
785
–
7
9
2
790
[2
4
]
S
.
Yi,
K
.
P
e
lt
z
e
r,
S
.
P
e
n
g
p
id
,
a
n
d
I
.
H
.
S
u
silo
w
a
ti
,
“
P
re
v
a
len
c
e
a
n
d
a
ss
o
c
iate
d
fa
c
to
rs
o
f
il
li
c
it
d
ru
g
u
se
a
m
o
n
g
u
n
iv
e
rsity
stu
d
e
n
ts
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t
h
e
a
ss
o
c
iatio
n
o
f
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o
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th
e
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st A
sia
n
n
a
ti
o
n
s (AS
EA
N),
”
S
u
b
sta
n
c
e
a
b
u
se
tre
a
tm
e
n
t,
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re
v
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-
3.
[2
5
]
R.
No
u
rse
,
P
.
A
d
a
m
sh
ick
,
J.
S
to
lt
z
f
u
s,
“
Co
ll
e
g
e
b
in
g
e
d
rin
k
in
g
a
n
d
it
s
a
ss
o
c
iatio
n
w
it
h
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e
p
re
ss
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a
n
d
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n
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iety
:
A
p
ro
sp
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ti
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e
o
b
se
rv
a
ti
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n
a
l
stu
d
y
,
”
Ea
st A
si
a
n
Arc
h
ive
s o
f
Psy
c
h
i
a
try
,
v
o
l.
2
7
,
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o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
8
-
25
,
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a
r
2
0
1
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.
[2
6
]
H.
B.
F
l
o
re
n
d
o
a
n
d
R
.
d
e
G
u
z
m
a
n
,
“
M
e
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tal
h
e
a
lt
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p
ro
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lem
s
o
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f
re
sh
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n
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d
rin
k
e
rs
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n
d
c
ig
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re
tt
e
s
m
o
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e
rs
,
”
Asia
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
o
c
i
a
l
S
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ien
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e
s
&
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ma
n
it
ies
,
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l.
3
,
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o
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4
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p
p
.
2
5
7
-
2
6
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,
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v
2
0
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4
.
[2
7
]
T
.
F
a
r
a
n
a
k
,
C.
Ra
h
i
m
i,
a
n
d
S
.
S
a
jj
a
d
i,
“
P
sy
c
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m
e
tri
c
p
ro
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io
n
in
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e
n
to
ry
-
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fo
r
h
ig
h
sc
h
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o
l
c
h
il
d
re
n
in
S
h
iraz
Cit
y
,
Ira
n
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
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r
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l
o
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S
c
h
o
o
l
He
a
lt
h
,
v
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l
.
4
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8
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2
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tj
s
h
.
4
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9
.
[2
8
]
A
.
M
a
rin
-
Urq
u
iza
,
J
.
P
.
F
e
rre
ira
,
a
n
d
D.
V
a
n
,
“
A
th
letic
id
e
n
ti
ty
a
n
d
se
lf
-
e
ste
e
m
a
m
o
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c
ti
v
e
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n
d
re
ti
re
d
p
a
ra
ly
m
p
ic
A
th
lete
s
,
”
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ro
p
e
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
S
p
o
rt
S
c
ien
c
e
,
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l.
1
8
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o
.
6
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p
p
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1
,
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l
2
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o
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4
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3
9
1
.
2
0
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8
.
1
4
6
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5
4
.
[2
9
]
J.
P
e
n
g
,
J.
Zh
a
n
g
,
L
.
Zh
a
o
,
P
.
F
a
n
g
,
a
n
d
Y.
S
h
a
o
,
“
Co
a
c
h
–
a
th
l
e
te
a
tt
a
c
h
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
th
e
su
b
jec
ti
v
e
w
e
ll
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e
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g
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th
lete
s:
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m
u
lt
ip
le
-
m
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d
iatio
n
m
o
d
e
l
a
n
a
l
y
sis
,
”
In
ter
n
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ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
n
v
iro
n
me
n
ta
l
Res
e
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rc
h
a
n
d
Pu
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li
c
He
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
1
7
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o
.
1
3
,
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p
.
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-
11
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0
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o
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3
9
0
/i
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h
1
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1
3
4
6
7
5
.
[3
0
]
J.
S
tew
a
rt,
S
.
G
a
rrid
o
,
C.
He
n
se
,
a
n
d
K.
M
c
F
e
rra
n
,
“
M
u
sic
u
se
f
o
r
m
o
o
d
re
g
u
latio
n
:
S
e
lf
-
a
wa
re
n
e
ss
a
n
d
c
o
n
sc
io
u
s
li
ste
n
in
g
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h
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ice
s
in
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o
u
n
g
p
e
o
p
le
w
it
h
ten
d
e
n
c
ies
to
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
,
”
Fro
n
ti
e
rs
in
Psy
c
h
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l.
1
0
,
p
p
.
1
-
12
,
M
a
y
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9
,
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o
i:
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0
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8
9
/f
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sy
g
.
2
0
1
9
.
0
1
1
9
9
.
[3
1
]
K
.
Az
a
m
,
E.
E.
z
a
rc
h
,
a
n
d
S
.
A
.
Zak
e
rian
,
“
In
v
e
stig
a
te
th
e
e
ffe
c
ts
o
f
Ira
n
ian
trad
it
io
n
a
l
m
u
sic
a
n
d
w
e
ste
rn
c
las
sic
a
l
m
u
sic
o
n
p
h
y
sic
a
l
p
e
r
f
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r
m
a
n
c
e
,
th
e
n
o
rm
a
l
p
ro
f
il
e
o
f
m
o
o
d
sta
te
s
a
n
d
ra
te
o
f
p
e
rc
e
iv
e
d
e
x
e
rti
o
n
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
He
a
lt
h
S
tu
d
ies
,
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
4
-
2
0
,
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n
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
2
2
1
0
0
/
ij
h
s.v
2
i
4
.
1
7
3
.
[3
2
]
N.
Da
y
k
in
e
t
a
l.
,
“
W
h
a
t
w
o
rk
s
f
o
r
w
e
ll
b
e
in
g
?
A
s
y
ste
m
a
ti
c
re
v
ie
w
o
f
w
e
ll
b
e
in
g
o
u
tco
m
e
s
f
o
r
m
u
sic
a
n
d
sin
g
in
g
i
n
A
d
u
lt
s
,
”
Per
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
s in
Pu
b
li
c
H
e
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
1
3
8
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
3
9
-
4
6
,
Ja
n
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i:
1
0
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1
1
7
7
/1
7
5
7
9
1
3
9
1
7
7
4
0
3
9
1
.
[3
3
]
J
.
A
.
Ag
n
i
,
B.
S
a
rw
o
n
o
,
a
n
d
S.
S
u
y
a
n
ta
,
“
T
h
e
e
ff
e
c
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
o
f
c
las
sic
a
l
m
u
sic
th
e
ra
p
y
a
n
d
p
ro
g
re
ss
iv
e
m
u
sc
le
re
lax
a
ti
o
n
th
e
ra
p
y
o
n
a
n
x
iety
lev
e
ls
,
”
M
id
wif
e
ry
a
n
d
Nu
rs
i
n
g
Res
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
9
-
1
4
,
M
a
r
2
0
2
0
.
[3
4
]
D
.
E
.
Os
m
a
n
o
g
lu
a
n
d
H.
Yilm
a
z
,
“
T
h
e
e
ff
e
c
t
o
f
c
l
a
ss
ica
l
m
u
sic
o
n
a
n
x
iety
a
n
d
we
ll
-
b
e
in
g
o
f
u
n
iv
e
r
sity
stu
d
e
n
ts
,
”
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
Ed
u
c
a
ti
o
n
S
t
u
d
ies
,
v
o
l.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
1
8
-
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5
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
5
5
3
9
/
ies
.
v
1
2
n
1
1
p
1
8
.
[3
5
]
A
.
M.
Cro
o
m
,
“
M
u
sic
p
ra
c
ti
c
e
a
n
d
p
a
rti
c
ip
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
p
sy
c
h
o
lo
g
ica
l
we
ll
-
b
e
in
g
:
A
r
e
v
ie
w
o
f
h
o
w
m
u
sic
In
f
lu
e
n
c
e
s
p
o
siti
v
e
e
m
o
ti
o
n
,
e
n
g
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
re
latio
n
sh
ip
s,
m
e
a
n
in
g
,
a
n
d
a
c
c
o
m
p
li
sh
m
e
n
t
,
”
M
u
sic
a
e
S
c
ien
ti
a
e
,
v
o
l.
1
9
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
44
-
6
4
,
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r
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0
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o
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:
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0
2
9
8
6
4
9
1
4
5
6
1
7
0
9
.
[3
6
]
A
.
Cre
e
c
h
,
S
.
Ha
ll
a
m
,
M
.
V
a
rv
a
rig
o
u
,
H.
M
c
Qu
e
e
n
,
a
n
d
H.
G
a
u
n
t
,
“
A
c
ti
v
e
m
u
sic
m
a
k
in
g
:
a
ro
u
te
to
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
d
su
b
jec
ti
v
e
we
ll
-
b
e
in
g
a
m
o
n
g
o
ld
e
r
p
e
o
p
le
,
”
Per
sp
e
c
ti
v
e
s in
Pu
b
li
c
He
a
lt
h
,
v
o
l.
1
3
3
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
3
6
-
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3
,
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n
2
0
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3
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o
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0
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1
7
5
7
9
1
3
9
1
2
4
6
6
9
5
0
.
[3
7
]
J
.
L
a
o
h
a
wa
tt
a
n
a
k
u
n
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
In
f
lu
e
n
c
e
o
f
m
u
sic
train
in
g
o
n
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
e
x
a
m
in
a
ti
o
n
-
in
d
u
c
e
d
stre
ss
in
T
h
a
i
a
d
o
les
c
e
n
ts
,
”
Ne
u
ro
sc
ien
c
e
letter
s
,
v
o
l.
4
8
7
,
n
o
.
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,
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.
3
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n
e
u
let
.
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0
.
1
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4
5
.
[3
8
]
M.
d
e
W
it
te,
A
.
d
a
S
i
lv
a
P
in
h
o
,
G
J.
S
tam
s,
X
.
M
o
o
n
e
n
,
A
.
Bo
s,
a
n
d
S
.
v
a
n
H
o
o
re
n
,
“
M
u
sic
th
e
ra
p
y
f
o
r
stre
ss
re
d
u
c
ti
o
n
:
A
s
y
ste
m
a
ti
c
re
v
ie
w
a
n
d
m
e
ta
-
a
n
a
l
y
sis,”
He
a
lt
h
Psy
c
h
o
lo
g
y
Rev
iew
,
p
p
.
1
-
2
6
,
No
v
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
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9
]
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.
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.
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.
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[4
0
]
S
.
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.
v
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Ho
o
re
n
,
“
Ef
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e
m
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latin
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im
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o
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m
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sig
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,
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a
ip
.
2
0
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0
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2
0
.
[4
1
]
G
.
S
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h
a
,
S
.
A
lg
o
o
d
k
a
r
,
a
n
d
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.
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m
it
h
a
,
“
Eff
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t
o
f
In
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ian
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sic
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lev
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ts
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m
e
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2
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:
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lo
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tu
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y
,
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In
ter
n
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ti
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l
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o
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rn
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.
[4
2
]
E
.
Af
sh
in
p
o
u
r
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n
d
A.
Na
se
ri
,
“
M
u
sic
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ra
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ff
e
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f
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to
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h
iraz
sp
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c
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m
e
rg
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y
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ter
,
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d
i
a
n
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o
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rn
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y
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1
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.
[4
3
]
J.
M
.
,
G
ro
a
rk
e
,
A
.
,
G
ro
a
rk
e
,
M
.
J.
Ho
g
a
n
,
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.
Co
ste
ll
o
,
a
n
d
D.
Ly
n
c
h
,
“
Do
e
s
li
ste
n
in
g
to
m
u
sic
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g
u
late
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e
g
a
ti
v
e
a
ffe
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t
in
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stre
ss
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l
situ
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ti
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in
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e
lf
‐
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ted
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n
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se
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b
o
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silen
t
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n
d
a
c
ti
v
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c
o
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tr
o
ls
,”
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p
li
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d
Psy
c
h
o
lo
g
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:
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a
lt
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n
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W
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[4
4
]
Y.
Ista
d
i
,
“
S
tu
d
e
n
ts
w
h
o
a
re
li
ste
n
in
g
to
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las
sic
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rin
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ti
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ti
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tes
t
Ha
v
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w
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r
S
tres
s
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e
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l,
”
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a
in
s
M
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ika
:
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u
rn
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l
Ke
d
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4
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[4
5
]
T
.
P
.
Be
ll
a
n
d
D
.
O.
A
k
o
m
b
o
,
“
L
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m
m
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ff
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ts
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d
d
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p
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ss
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,
”
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o
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o
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A
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Res
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o
.
1
,
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p
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4
,
2
0
1
7
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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791
[4
6
]
A
.
El
h
a
m
,
a
n
d
A
.
Na
se
ri,
“
M
u
sic
th
e
ra
p
y
e
ff
e
c
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
o
n
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
o
f
w
o
m
e
n
re
fe
rrin
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to
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h
iraz
s
p
e
c
ialist
so
c
ial
e
m
e
rg
e
n
c
y
c
e
n
ter,
”
In
d
ia
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Po
si
ti
v
e
Psy
c
h
o
l
o
g
y
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l.
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2
,
p
p
.
3
2
4
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3
2
8
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2
0
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8
.
[4
7
]
J.
M
e
y
e
rso
n
,
“
S
e
lf
-
tal
k
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
a
n
d
u
ti
li
z
a
ti
o
n
f
o
r
e
n
h
a
n
c
in
g
h
y
p
n
o
ti
c
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
,
”
Ame
ric
a
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Cli
n
ic
a
l
Hy
p
n
o
sis
,
v
o
l
.
6
0
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
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1
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1
5
7
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2
0
1
7
.
1
2
8
9
4
6
5
.
[4
8
]
M
.
D.
Ya
p
k
o
,
“
Hy
p
n
o
sis
in
t
h
e
trea
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
:
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n
o
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rd
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e
a
p
p
ro
a
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h
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o
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n
c
o
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ra
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in
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sk
il
l
f
u
l
m
o
o
d
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Cli
n
ica
l
a
n
d
Ex
p
e
rime
n
ta
l
Hy
p
n
o
sis
,
v
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l
.
5
8
,
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o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
3
7
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1
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6
,
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r
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o
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0
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1
4
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0
3
5
2
3
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3
7
.
[4
9
]
I.
Ho
ld
e
v
ici
,
“
A
b
rief
in
tro
d
u
c
ti
o
n
to
t
h
e
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isto
ry
a
n
d
c
li
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ica
l
u
se
o
f
h
y
p
n
o
sis
,
”
Ro
ma
n
ia
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
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Co
g
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it
ive
Beh
a
v
io
r
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l
T
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ra
p
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n
d
Hy
p
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o
si
s
,
v
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l.
1
,
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o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
5,
Ja
n
2
0
1
4
.
[5
0
]
D
.
C.
Ha
m
m
o
n
d
,
“
Hy
p
n
o
sis
in
th
e
trea
tm
e
n
t
o
f
a
n
x
iet
y
-
a
n
d
stre
ss
-
re
late
d
d
iso
r
d
e
rs
,
”
Exp
e
rt
Rev
iew
o
f
Ne
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ro
th
e
ra
p
e
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ti
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s
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l
.
1
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p
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2
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5
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0
9
.
1
4
0
.
[5
1
]
K
irsc
h
,
Irv
in
g
,
a
n
d
Ca
ro
l
B.
L
o
w
,
“
S
u
g
g
e
stio
n
in
th
e
trea
tm
e
n
t
o
f
d
e
p
re
ss
io
n
,
”
Ame
ric
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Cli
n
ica
l
Hy
p
n
o
sis
5
5
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
2
2
1
-
2
2
9
,
Ja
n
2
0
1
3
.
[5
2
]
Un
tas
,
A
u
ré
li
e
,
P
.
Ch
a
u
v
e
a
u
,
C
.
D
.
-
G
o
u
d
a
b
le,
A
.
Ko
lk
o
,
F
.
L
a
k
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a
,
a
n
d
N
.
Ca
z
e
n
a
v
e
,
“
T
h
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ff
e
c
t
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o
f
h
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p
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o
sis
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n
a
n
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iet
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d
e
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,
f
a
ti
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e
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n
d
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e
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p
e
o
p
le
u
n
d
e
rg
o
i
n
g
h
e
m
o
d
ial
y
sis:
a
c
li
n
ica
l
re
p
o
rt
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Cli
n
ica
l
a
n
d
Ex
p
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rime
n
ta
l
H
y
p
n
o
sis
6
1
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
4
7
5
-
4
8
3
,
2
0
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3
,
d
o
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1
0
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1
0
8
0
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0
2
0
7
1
4
4
.
2
0
1
3
.
8
1
0
4
8
5
.
[5
3
]
M
il
li
n
g
,
L
e
o
n
a
rd
S
.
,
Ke
a
ra
E.
V
a
len
ti
n
e
,
Ha
n
n
a
h
S
.
M
c
C
a
rle
y
,
a
n
d
L
in
d
se
y
M
.
L
o
S
ti
m
o
lo
,
“
A
M
e
ta
-
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
H
y
p
n
o
ti
c
In
terv
e
n
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
De
p
r
e
ss
io
n
S
y
m
p
to
m
s:
Hi
g
h
Ho
p
e
s
f
o
r
H
y
p
n
o
sis?
,
”
Ame
ric
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Cli
n
ic
a
l
Hy
p
n
o
sis
,
v
o
l
.
6
1
,
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o
.
3
,
p
p
.
2
2
7
-
2
4
3
,
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c
2
0
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8
,
d
o
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1
0
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1
0
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0
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0
2
9
1
5
7
.
2
0
1
8
.
1
4
8
9
7
7
7
.
[5
4
]
I.
Ho
l
d
e
v
ici
a
n
d
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.
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.
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[6
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rly
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[6
3
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[6
4
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P
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Ph
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[6
6
]
G
.
Ru
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.
Nig
ro
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Ra
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A.
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7
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m
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term
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:
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”
T
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Arts
in
Psy
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
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8806
I
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t.
J
.
P
u
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lic
Hea
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Sci.,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
2021
:
785
–
7
9
2
792
[6
8
]
M
.
B
.
Ba
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.
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