Intern
ati
o
n
a
l
Jo
urn
a
l
o
f
P
u
b
lic Hea
l
th Science (IJ
P
HS)
V
o
l.4
,
No
.3
, Sep
t
em
b
e
r
20
15, pp
. 164
~171
I
S
SN
: 225
2-8
8
0
6
1
64
Jo
urn
a
l
h
o
me
pa
ge
: h
ttp
://iaesjo
u
r
na
l.com/
o
n
lin
e/ind
e
x.ph
p
/
IJPHS
Obesit
y and Hypert
ensi
on in
S
t
udents of Jah
angi
rnagar
University: Alarming
Issues
Sudip P
a
ul,
Md. S
o
laym
an,
Puja Biswas
,
Moum
oni
S
a
h
a
, Md
.
S
a
bir Hoss
ain
Department o
f
B
i
ochemistr
y
and
Molecular Bio
l
o
g
y
, Jahang
irnag
a
r Un
iversity
, Sav
a
r, Dh
aka 1342,
Banglad
esh
Article Info
A
B
STRAC
T
Article histo
r
y:
Received
May 12, 2015
Rev
i
sed
Ju
l 20
,
20
15
Accepted Aug 26, 2015
The prev
al
ence
of obes
i
t
y
and h
y
per
t
en
sion (HTN) in university
students o
f
Banglad
esh has
not repor
ted
y
e
t. Consid
ering
the
proper h
e
a
lth m
a
int
e
nanc
e
of this populatio
n in mind,
the stud
y
wa
s aimed to
determine
th
e prevalence
of obesity
and
HTN as well as relations
hip amo
ng them in the s
t
udents of a
residential un
iversity
of Banglades
h, J
a
h
a
ngirnagar Univ
ers
i
t
y
.
This
descriptive cros
s sectional stud
y
in
cluded 500 randomly
se
lected students
(250 males and 250 females).
Particip
ants co
mpleted a questionnair
e on
phy
s
i
c
a
l
a
c
t
i
v
ity,
se
de
nt
a
r
y
be
havi
our,
di
e
t
a
r
y
fac
t
ors,
smoki
ng
a
nd fa
mily
histor
y
of obesity
, HTN, and coronar
y
arter
y
d
i
sease. Blood pr
essure an
d
anthropometric parameters such as
height, weight, waist and hip
circum
fer
e
nces
were m
eas
ured f
o
llowing s
t
and
a
r
d
procedur
e.
Th
e S
t
at
is
tic
al
anal
ys
es
were
perform
ed us
ing the s
o
ftware S
P
S
S
.
The prevalen
ce of
overweight was
25% (31.1%
ma
le
s,
15.
6% fe
ma
le
s)
and ob
esity
7.2% (9.4
%
males, 4%
females). Pr
e-HTN
was found
at
27.1% (38%
males, 11.2
%
females) and
HTN at 2
.
2% (3
.3% male
s, 0
.
4
%
females)
. A
high rate of
smoking, sedentar
y
b
e
havio
r
, ph
y
s
ical
in
activity
,
excessive cons
umption of
unhealth
y
food
, and caffeine-r
i
ch dri
nks was also observed.
Significan
t
correlation
was found betw
een paramete
rs o
f
obesity
and
HTN. High
preval
enc
e
of pr
e-HTN in m
a
l
e
s
and
centr
al ob
e
s
it
y in f
e
m
a
les
were foun
d
which is im
m
e
diate
l
y
n
eede
d
to control for bet
t
e
r
health m
a
int
e
n
a
nce of this
population
.
Keyword:
H
y
p
e
r
t
en
sion
Ob
esity
Pre
v
alence
Un
i
v
ersity studen
t
s
Copyright ©
201
5 Institut
e
o
f
Ad
vanced
Engin
eer
ing and S
c
i
e
nce.
All rights re
se
rve
d
.
Co
rresp
ond
i
ng
Autho
r
:
Su
di
p Paul
,
Depa
rt
m
e
nt
of
B
i
ochem
i
st
ry
and
M
o
l
e
c
u
l
a
r
B
i
ol
ogy
,
Jaha
ngi
r
n
a
g
ar
Uni
v
ersi
t
y
,
Sav
a
r
,
Dh
ak
a 13
42
, Bang
lad
e
sh
, C
o
n
t
act No.: +88
016
743
89
745
.
E-m
a
il
:
sudi
p
p
a
ul
.bcm
b@
gm
ai
l
.
com
1.
INTRODUCTION
B
o
t
h
o
b
esi
t
y
and
hy
pert
e
n
si
o
n
(HT
N
) are
m
a
jor
gl
obal
heal
t
h
pr
o
b
l
e
m
s
and t
h
e
r
e i
s
a
pl
ausi
bl
e
l
i
n
ear rel
a
t
i
ons
hi
p bet
w
een t
h
em
. The associ
at
i
on bet
w
ee
n
obe
si
t
y
and H
T
N has be
en re
vi
ewe
d
an
d i
n
d
i
cat
ed
t
h
at
excess
wei
ght
gai
n
acc
ou
nt
s f
o
r
65
-7
5%
o
f
t
h
e
ri
s
k
f
o
r
essent
i
a
l
HT
N
[1]
.
Ob
esity an
d HTN are m
a
j
o
r
co
n
t
ribu
to
rs to m
a
n
y
other diseases that a
r
e burde
n
globally. In the
recent yea
r
s
obesity has
bec
o
m
e
ra
m
p
ant and
is recognized
as
a m
a
in causative
factor for m
a
ny m
e
tabolic
di
so
rde
r
s t
h
at
m
a
y
have a negat
i
v
e ef
fect
on
heal
t
h
,
lea
d
ing to re
duce
d life expectancy and/or i
n
c
r
eased
h
ealth
prob
lem
s
. Acco
rd
i
n
g to
th
e
gl
o
b
al
assessm
ent
perfo
rm
ed by
W
o
rl
d Heal
t
h
O
r
g
a
ni
zat
i
on
(
W
H
O
) i
n
2005 there
were about 1.6
billion
ove
rwei
ght
pers
ons
age
d
15 years and a
b
ove a
nd am
ong t
h
em
at least 400
mil
lio
n
were
ob
ese. In
ad
d
itio
n,
WHO
p
r
edicts th
at
ap
p
r
ox
im
a
t
ely 2
.
3
billio
n
ad
u
lts wi
ll b
e
o
v
e
rwei
gh
t and
m
o
re th
an
700
mil
lio
n
will b
e
o
b
e
se with
i
n
20
15
[2
].
In
m
o
st o
f
the Asian
co
un
tries i
n
clud
ing
Bang
lad
e
sh
the
pre
v
alence of obe
sity
has
increased
m
a
ny
t
i
m
e
s t
h
an past
few deca
d
e
s, t
h
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
degree
vari
es
from
co
un
tries to
cou
n
t
ries [3
]-[13]
.
In
19
9
6
t
h
e
Nat
i
onal
N
u
t
r
i
t
i
on S
u
rvey
o
f
Japa
n
(
N
N
S
-J
) re
p
o
rt
e
d
t
h
e
obe
se
peo
p
l
e
ha
d
3.
4
fol
d
hi
g
h
e
r
cha
n
ce o
f
hy
pert
e
n
si
o
n
com
p
are
d
t
o
t
h
e
u
nde
r
w
ei
g
h
t
i
ndi
vi
d
u
al
s [
13]
.
Ass
o
ci
at
i
on
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PH
S I
S
SN
:
225
2-8
8
0
6
O
b
esity
an
d Hyp
e
rten
si
o
n
in
S
t
ud
en
ts o
f
Jaha
ng
irn
aga
r
U
n
iversity:
Ala
r
min
g
I
s
su
e (Sud
ip
Pau
l
)
16
5
o
f
ob
esity with d
i
ab
etes m
e
ll
i
t
u
s
a
n
d cardiovasc
u
lar
diseas
es (C
VDs
) i
n
S
out
h Ea
st
A
s
i
a
and
West
er
n P
aci
fi
c
regi
ons
i
s
f
o
un
d e
p
i
d
em
i
cal
ly [
3
]
,
[
12]
.
HTN
as
wel
l
has
becom
e
a si
gni
fi
cant
p
r
obl
em
i
n
m
a
ny
devel
opi
ng
cou
n
t
r
i
e
s l
i
k
e
B
a
ngl
a
d
es
h
un
de
rg
oi
n
g
e
p
i
d
em
i
o
l
ogi
cal
t
r
ansi
t
i
on
[1
4]
. I
t
i
s
est
i
m
a
t
e
d t
h
at
9.
4 m
i
ll
i
o
n
deat
hs
occ
u
r
f
o
r
hy
pe
rt
ensi
o
n
an
d
it’s com
p
lications i
n
eve
r
y year [15].
It
i
s
ob
serve
d
t
h
at
hi
g
h
er t
h
e bl
oo
d
pressure greater the
cha
n
ces of heart
at
t
ack, hea
r
t
fa
i
l
u
re, st
r
o
ke, a
nd
ki
d
n
ey
di
se
ases [1
6]
.
T
h
ere is a lack of
represe
n
table
data on the
pre
v
alence
of
hy
pe
rt
ensi
o
n
i
n
t
h
e B
a
ngl
ades
hi
po
p
u
l
a
t
i
on. T
h
ou
g
h
a
n
anal
y
s
i
s
pe
rf
orm
e
d by
Zam
a
n et
al
. [1
7]
on t
h
e
pre
v
al
ence
of
hy
pe
rt
ensi
o
n
i
n
t
h
e B
a
ngl
a
d
eshi
adul
t
p
o
p
u
l
a
t
i
on i
n
cl
u
d
e
d st
udi
es f
r
o
m
197
6 t
o
19
94 a
n
d
estim
a
ted
the pre
v
alence
to be 11.3
%.
A m
e
ta-analysis
also reporte
d
th
e pre
v
alence
of hype
rtensi
on
in
Ban
g
l
ad
esh
is
ab
ou
t 13
.5
% [1
8
]
. In
ad
d
ition
,
so
m
e
stu
d
i
es with
sm
al
l sa
m
p
le s
i
ze were co
ndu
cted
[19]-[30
]
,
wh
ich
illu
strat
e
d
d
i
fferen
t
prev
alen
ce rates.
I
n
Bang
lad
e
sh
, th
er
e ar
e a num
b
e
r
o
f
stud
ies con
ducting t
o
determ
ine the prevale
n
ce
of obesity a
nd
hy
pe
rt
ensi
o
n
a
m
ong u
r
ban
an
d
ru
ral
po
p
u
l
a
t
i
ons
, a
n
d
sc
ho
ol
g
o
i
n
g
chi
l
d
r
e
n
but
n
o
suc
h
st
udy
was
pe
rf
orm
e
d
in
un
iv
ersity stu
d
e
n
t
s.
Un
iv
ersity stu
d
e
n
t
s are no
t on
ly a v
a
lu
ab
le
p
a
rt
o
f
th
e so
ciety, bu
t
also
a
d
i
fferen
t
class
for transition
between young and ad
ult ages. Moreover in recent day
s
a num
ber of disease conditions
i
n
cl
udi
ng
HT
N
and
C
A
D
hav
e
bee
n
o
b
se
rve
d
i
n
t
h
i
s
su
bset
of
p
o
p
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
whi
c
h i
s
ve
ry
al
arm
i
ng an
d s
h
o
u
l
d
require
specia
l
attention. T
h
ere
f
or
e w
e
fo
cused
on
univ
e
r
s
ity
stud
en
ts
in
th
e p
r
esen
t
stud
y. To
g
a
in
i
n
f
o
rm
at
i
on
ab
out
t
h
e p
r
eval
ence of
obesi
t
y
an
d hy
pe
rt
en
sion
as
well
as correlation
a
m
o
n
g
th
em
in
adu
lt
st
ude
nt
s
of
Ja
han
g
i
r
na
gar
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
we e
xpl
ore
d
t
h
e
us
e o
f
t
r
a
d
i
t
i
ona
l
and
no
vel
t
o
ol
s t
o
m
easure m
o
st
p
a
ram
e
ters fo
r
d
e
term
in
in
g
t
h
ese abno
rm
alit
ies. Th
is
w
ill help
id
en
tify and
con
t
ro
l
card
i
o
v
a
scu
l
ar risk
facto
r
s
occurri
ng at young a
g
e i
n
Ba
nglades
h
.
2.
SUBJ
E
C
TS AND
METHODS
Th
is was a descrip
tiv
e cro
s
s-section
a
l stud
y wh
i
c
h i
n
cl
ude
d a t
o
t
a
l
of
50
0 ra
n
d
o
m
l
y
sel
ect
ed
st
ude
nt
s (2
5
0
m
a
l
e
s, 250 fe
m
a
l
e
s) of Jah
n
g
i
r
naga
r U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
, Savar,
D
h
aka
,
B
a
n
g
l
a
d
e
sh. Al
l
st
u
d
en
t
s
aged
18
-
22 y
ears e
n
rol
l
e
d at
u
nde
r
g
ra
d
u
at
e and
g
r
ad
uat
e
p
r
o
g
ra
m
s
o
f
th
e un
iversity were elig
ib
le to
p
a
rticip
ate in
th
is stud
y. The stud
y pr
o
t
oco
l
w
a
s ap
pr
ov
ed b
y
t
h
e Et
hical Review
Committ
ee, Faculty of Biological
Sciences, Ja
ha
ngi
rna
g
ar
University.
In
fo
rmed
co
n
s
en
t
form
s were ob
tain
ed
fro
m
th
e p
a
rticip
an
t
s
after
p
r
ov
id
ing
d
e
tailed
inform
atio
n
ab
ou
t th
e purp
o
s
e an
d n
a
t
u
re of th
e stud
y.
2.
1.
Data co
llection
Dat
a
o
n
a
g
e,
ge
nde
r, e
d
uc
at
i
onal
st
at
us,
p
h
y
s
i
cal
act
i
v
i
t
y
, sede
nt
ar
y
beha
vi
o
r
,
d
i
et
ary
habi
t
s
,
sm
oki
ng,
sl
eep
an
d st
u
d
y
du
r
a
t
i
on a
n
d
fam
i
ly
hi
st
ory
of
di
abet
es m
e
l
l
i
t
u
s (DM
)
,
o
b
esi
t
y
, HT
N,
an
d c
o
r
ona
ry
artery d
i
sease
(CAD)
were co
llected
b
y
i
n
terv
iewing
p
a
rt
icip
an
ts.
Ph
ysi
cal activ
ity
m
e
asu
r
es in
cl
u
d
e
d
d
a
ily
d
u
ration
of walk
in
g
and
o
t
h
e
r spo
r
t activ
ities. Sed
e
n
t
ar
y lifestyle in
clu
d
ed
d
a
ily ti
m
e
sp
en
t watch
i
ng
TV,
sur
f
i
n
g i
n
t
e
r
n
e
t
, or pl
ay
i
n
g v
i
deo gam
e
s i
n
com
put
er.
Stud
en
ts
with
at least o
n
e
first-d
e
gree relativ
e with
DM, ob
esity, HTN, or CAD were co
n
s
i
d
ered
to
h
a
v
e
po
sit
i
v
e
fam
i
ly h
i
st
o
r
y fo
r th
ese co
nd
itio
ns. Concern
i
ng
di
et
ary
fact
or
s
st
ude
nt
s were
consi
d
ere
d
t
o
be hi
g
h
co
ns
um
ers of fast
fo
o
d
or ca
ffei
n
at
ed
dri
n
ks
, i
f
t
h
ey
consum
ed
m
o
re than three fa
st food m
eals
per wee
k
or
greater than thre
e cups of caffe
ine-c
ontaini
ng
dri
nks
(co
ffee
,
tea, c
o
la, an
d e
n
er
g
y
drin
ks)
pe
r
day
,
res
p
ectiv
e
l
y. Most of these param
e
ters were cate
g
orized as
descri
bed
el
se
whe
r
e
[3
1]
.
2.
2.
Outc
ome measurements
2.
2.
1.
BP meas
u
rem
ent
The m
easurem
ent
o
f
B
P
was
per
f
o
r
m
e
d usi
ng a
di
gi
t
a
l
bl
oo
d
press
u
re
m
oni
t
o
r m
achine aft
e
r t
h
e
su
bj
ect
was rested
fo
r
5
m
i
n
in
th
e sittin
g positio
n
.
BP
was
categ
orized
b
a
sed
on
th
e recommen
d
a
tio
n
s
o
f
the
Seve
nt
h R
e
p
o
r
t
of t
h
e J
o
i
n
t
N
a
t
i
onal
C
o
m
m
it
t
ee of
Pre
v
ent
i
on,
Det
ect
i
o
n,
Eval
uat
i
o
n
an
d T
r
eat
m
e
nt
of
Hi
g
h
BP (JNC VII). Th
e classi
ficatio
n
o
f
B
P
(exp
ressed
i
n
mmHg)
for ad
u
lts ag
ed
1
8
years o
r
o
l
d
e
r will
b
e
as
fo
llows [32
]
: Norm
al
if syst
o
lic BP was lower th
an
1
2
0
an
d
d
i
asto
lic BP was lower
th
an
8
0
, pre-
HTN if
sy
st
ol
i
c
B
P
was 12
0
-
1
3
9
an
d/
or
di
ast
o
l
i
c
B
P
was 8
0
-
8
9, a
n
d HT
N i
f
sy
st
o
l
i
c
B
P
was>1
4
0
an
d/
o
r
di
ast
o
l
i
c
B
P
was>9
0
.
2.
2.
2.
Anthropometric measure
m
e
nts
For t
h
e sc
ree
n
i
n
g of
ove
r
w
ei
g
h
t
and o
b
esi
t
y
, wi
t
h
t
h
e su
bject
st
a
ndi
ng a
nd s
h
oes an
d jac
k
et
rem
oved,
hei
g
ht
wa
s m
easur
ed
by
Lei
cest
e
r
Hei
g
ht
M
eas
ure
(t
o
t
h
e
nea
r
est
0
.
0
0
5
m
)
.
Wei
g
ht
was m
easure
d
(t
o t
h
e
neare
s
t
0.
1 K
g
)
by
usi
ng a
di
gi
t
a
l
sc
al
e. B
M
I (ex
p
r
e
ssed i
n
k
g
/
m
2
) was calc
u
lated and categorized a
s
fol
l
o
ws:
un
de
r
w
ei
g
h
t
<1
8.
5;
no
rm
al
wei
ght
18
.5
-
2
4
.
9;
o
v
er
wei
g
ht
2
5
-
2
9
.
9
;
and
o
b
ese
>3
0
[3
3]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
252
-88
06
I
J
PH
S Vo
l. 4
,
N
o
. 3
,
Sep
t
emb
e
r
201
5
:
1
64
–
17
1
16
6
The wai
s
t
ci
r
c
um
ference w
a
s
m
easured a
t
t
h
e
m
i
dpoi
nt
bet
w
ee
n t
h
e l
o
we
r m
a
rgi
n
of t
h
e l
a
st
p
a
lp
ab
le ri
b
and
th
e top
o
f
the
iliac crest,
u
s
in
g
a stretch
resistan
t tap
e
t
h
at p
r
ov
id
es
a con
s
tan
t
10
0 g ten
s
ion
.
Hi
p ci
rc
um
ference wa
s m
easured a
r
o
u
nd t
h
e
wi
dest
po
rt
i
on
of t
h
e b
u
t
t
o
c
k
s
,
wi
t
h
t
h
e t
a
pe
paral
l
e
l
t
o
t
h
e
f
l
oo
r.
For
b
o
t
h
m
easurem
ent
s
,
WH
O p
r
ot
ocol
wa
s
fol
l
o
wed
.
W
a
i
s
t
-
hi
p
(
W
:
H
)
r
a
t
i
o
was o
b
t
a
i
n
ed by
di
vi
di
n
g
wai
s
t
cir
c
u
m
f
e
r
e
n
ce b
y
h
i
p
cir
c
u
m
f
e
r
e
n
c
e. A
bdomin
al
o
b
e
sity w
a
s d
e
f
i
n
e
d
as
a W
:
H
r
a
tio
ab
ov
e 0
.
90
f
o
r
m
a
les
and
ab
o
v
e
0.
85
f
o
r
fem
a
les [3
4]
.
2.
3.
St
at
ist
i
ca
l analy
s
is
The
data we
re
analyzed
using Statistical Packag
e
for
Social Sciences (SPSS
)
versi
o
n 13.0.
Data
were m
o
st
l
y
sh
ow
n as
pe
rce
n
t
a
ges.
The
co
rr
el
at
i
on
bet
w
ee
n
obesi
t
y
a
nd
HTN
wa
s e
xpl
oi
t
e
d
usi
n
g P
e
arso
n
’
s
correlation ana
l
ysis valu
e <
0
.05 was
c
onsi
d
e
r
ed as statistically significant.
3.
RESULTS
3.
1.
Central
obesi
t
y is m
o
re
prevalent in fe
mal
e
s
C
e
nt
ral
o
b
esi
t
y
, as asse
ssed
b
y
W
H
R
was
f
o
un
d t
o
be m
o
re pre
v
al
e
n
t
i
n
fe
m
a
l
e
st
udent
s t
h
an
m
a
l
e
s.
Ab
o
u
t
6
9
% fe
m
a
l
e
st
udent
s
and
4
6
% m
a
l
e
st
ude
nt
s we
re
di
ag
nose
d
wi
t
h
cent
r
al
ob
esi
t
y
, whi
l
e
ot
he
r
s
were
categorized a
s
norm
al.
3.
2.
Stude
nts
m
o
stly carr
y
nor
m
a
l weigh
t
BMI of all the study subjec
ts was
m
easured as th
e pa
ra
m
e
t
e
r t
o
assess t
h
e st
at
us of
gene
ral
i
zed
o
b
e
sity in
th
is
su
b-set
o
f
po
pu
latio
n
.
Bo
th
male an
d
fem
a
le stu
d
e
n
t
s m
o
stly b
e
lo
ng
ed to
th
e
no
rm
al
weigh
t
gr
o
up at
7
6
%
and
7
0
.
8
% res
p
ect
i
v
el
y
.
I
n
case of
ove
r
w
ei
ght
, t
h
e pe
rce
n
t
a
ges
fo
r m
a
les and
fem
a
l
e
s were
13.2% and
12% respectively
.
The pe
rcent
of obesity
assessed by
B
M
I
was 0.
8% f
o
r
m
a
l
e
s and 3.
2% f
o
r
fem
a
les. Th
e detailed
d
a
ta are presen
ted
in Tab
l
e 1.
Tabl
e
1.
St
at
us
o
f
gene
ral
i
zed
o
b
esi
t
y
i
n
t
h
e
st
udy
s
u
bject
s
Male
(%)
Fe
m
a
le
(%
)
Total (%
)
Under
w
eight 10
(
25)
14(
35)
12(
60)
Norm
al weight
76 (
190)
70.
8(
177)
73.
4(
367)
Over
weight 13.
2
(
33)
12(
30)
12.
6(
63)
Obese 0.
8
(
2
)
3.
2(
8)
2(
10)
3.
3.
Males
are
mostly
pre-hyper
t
ensive
and fe
males are
nor
m
ote
n
sive
The
pr
eval
e
n
c
e
o
f
HT
N
gre
a
t
l
y
vari
ed
i
n
m
a
l
e
s and
fem
a
l
e
s of
t
h
e
st
u
d
y
p
o
pul
at
i
o
n.
Hal
f
o
f
t
h
e
m
a
l
e
st
udent
s
were
f
o
un
d
t
o
be
p
r
e-
hy
p
e
rt
ensi
ve
,
fol
l
owe
d
by
no
r
m
ot
ensi
ve an
d
hy
pert
e
n
si
v
e
. T
h
e
pre
v
al
ence
of
HTN
was
j
u
st
ove
r
9% i
n
m
a
l
e
st
ude
nt
s, w
h
i
l
e
onl
y
2
%
of t
h
e fem
a
l
e
s were cat
e
g
o
r
i
zed
a
s
HTN
.
T
h
e
fem
a
l
e
st
ude
nt
s w
e
re m
o
st
l
y
nor
m
o
t
e
nsi
v
e, f
o
l
l
o
we
d
by
p
r
e-
h
y
p
ert
e
nsi
v
e a
n
d
hy
pert
e
n
si
ve
. Th
e
dat
a
are
sh
o
w
n
i
n
Ta
bl
e
2.
Tab
l
e
2
.
Statu
s
of
b
l
oo
d pr
essu
r
e
in
t
h
e study su
bj
ects
Male
(%)
Fe
m
a
le
(%
)
Total (%
)
Norm
otensive
40.
8 (
102)
74.
8 (
187)
57.
8 (
289)
Pr
e-
hy
per
t
ensive
50.
0 (
125)
23.
2 (
58)
36.
6 (
183)
Hy
per
t
ensive
9.
2 (
23)
2.
0 (
5
)
5.
6 (
28)
3.
4.
Mo
st mal
e
s h
ave
f
a
mi
l
y
hi
s
t
or
y of
h
y
per
t
ensi
on
The dat
a
re
gar
d
i
n
g fam
i
ly
hist
ory
of
DM
, o
b
esi
t
y
, HTN a
nd C
A
D we
re
reco
rde
d
f
o
r
b
o
t
h
m
a
l
e
and
fem
a
l
e
st
udent
s. M
o
st
o
f
t
h
e
fem
a
l
e
st
udent
s ans
w
e
r
ed
n
e
g
a
tiv
ely in
t
h
ese qu
estion
s
,
wh
ile
ju
st ov
er h
a
lf of
t
h
em
respon
de
d t
h
at
t
h
ey
ha
v
e
fam
i
l
y
hi
st
ory
of H
T
N
.
H
o
weve
r, m
o
st
of
t
h
e m
a
l
e
st
udent
s (
6
4
.
8%
) sai
d
t
h
at
th
ey h
a
v
e
fam
i
ly h
i
sto
r
y o
f
HTN. Moreov
er, 5
3
.
6
%
m
a
les
respo
n
d
e
d
p
o
sitiv
ely fo
r th
e famil
y
h
i
sto
r
y o
f
DM.
In
case
of
fam
i
l
y
hi
st
ory
of
o
b
e
si
t
y
and C
A
D
,
m
a
l
e
st
udent
s
m
o
st
l
y
repl
i
e
d ne
gat
i
v
el
y
Ta
bl
e 3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PH
S I
S
SN
:
225
2-8
8
0
6
O
b
esity
an
d Hyp
e
rten
si
o
n
in
S
t
ud
en
ts o
f
Jaha
ng
irn
aga
r
U
n
iversity:
Ala
r
min
g
I
s
su
e (Sud
ip
Pau
l
)
16
7
Tabl
e
3.
Fam
ily
hi
st
ory
o
f
di
abet
es m
e
l
l
i
t
u
s,
obe
si
t
y
, hy
pe
rt
ensi
o
n
a
n
d c
o
r
ona
ry
art
e
ry
di
seases i
n
t
h
e st
udy
subjects
Fa
m
i
l
y
history
Male
(%)
Fe
m
a
le
(%
)
Total (%
)
Diabetes m
e
lli
tus
Yes
53.
6 (
134)
30.
0 (
75)
41.
8 (
291)
No
46.
4 (
116)
70.
0 (
175)
58.
2 (
209)
Obes
ity
Yes
24.
4 (
61)
21.
2 (
53)
22.
8 (
114)
No
75.
6 (
189)
78.
8 (
197)
77.
2 (
386)
Hyperte
n
sion
Yes
64.
8 (
162)
50.
8 (
127)
57.
0 (
285)
No
35.
2 (
88)
49.
2 (
123)
43.
0 (
215)
Coronary artery diseases
Yes
27.
2 (
68)
26.
0 (
185)
26.
6 (
133)
No
72.
8 (
182)
74.
0 (
65)
73.
4 (
367)
3.
5.
Ma
le a
n
d fema
le
students va
ry
in th
eir lifestyle
and die
t
ary fe
atures
All of th
e fem
a
les in
clud
ed i
n
th
is stud
y
were
n
o
n
s
m
o
k
e
r, bu
t
28
%
o
f
male stu
d
e
n
t
s
were sm
o
k
e
r
and
7
2
% we
re
no
nsm
oker
.
I
n
t
e
rest
i
ngl
y
t
h
e
f
e
m
a
l
e
s consu
m
ed great
er a
m
ount
of
fast
-
f
o
o
d
t
h
a
n
m
a
l
e
s. B
o
t
h
m
a
l
e
s and
fe
m
a
l
e
s t
y
pi
cal
ly
t
a
ke 1
-
2
cu
ps ca
ffei
n
e-
ri
ch
dri
n
ks
pe
r
day
.
Fem
a
l
e
s were
f
o
u
n
d
b
e
m
o
re
phy
si
cal
l
y
i
n
act
i
v
e t
h
an m
a
les, whi
l
e
ab
ou
t
hal
f
of su
bj
e
c
t
s
i
n
bot
h g
r
ou
ps we
re f
o
u
nd t
o
l
ead se
d
e
nt
ary
lifestyle. Th
e sleep
duratio
n of bo
th m
a
le an
d
fem
a
le
st
ude
nt
was
m
o
st
l
y
bet
w
ee
n
6 t
o
8
h
o
u
r
s
per
day
.
Th
e
detailed
data for the
pre
v
ale
n
ce of ass
o
ciated
factor
s of o
b
e
si
t
y
and HT
N were
p
r
ese
n
t
e
d
i
n
Ta
bl
e 4.
Table 4. Pre
v
al
ence of
differe
n
t
dietary
a
n
d l
i
fest
y
l
e i
ndi
cat
ors
i
n
t
h
e st
udy
su
b
j
ect
s
Male
(%)
Fe
m
a
le
(%
)
Total (%
)
Sm
ok
i
n
g
Yes 28(
70)
0
14(
70)
No 72(
180)
100(
25
0)
86(
430)
Fast-food consu
m
ption
None 50.
8(
127)
26.
8(
67)
38.
8(
194)
1-
2 m
eals/week
36(
90)
14.
4(
36)
25.
2(
126)
>3 m
eals/week
13.
2(
33)
58.
8(
147)
36(
180)
Caffeine
-
rich
dri
n
k
s
consu
m
ption
None 19.
6(
49)
20.
4(
51)
20(
100)
1-
2 cups/day
69.
6(
174)
76.
4(
191)
73(
365)
3-
4 cups/day
10.
8(
27)
3.
2(
8)
7(
35)
P
h
ysical act
i
vit
y
<30 m
i
n/day
54.
8(
137)
65.
2(
163)
60(
300)
30-
60 m
i
n/day
30(
75)
34.
4(
86)
32.
2(
161)
>60 m
i
n/day
15.
2(
38)
0.
4(
1)
7.
8(
39)
Sedentary li
festyl
e
<60 m
i
n/day
18.
8(
47)
7.
2(
18)
13(
65)
60-
120 m
i
n/day
36.
8(
92)
38(
95)
37.
4(
184)
>120 m
i
n/day
44.
4(
111)
54.
8(
137)
49.
6(
248)
Sleep du
ration
<6 hour
s/day
4.
8(
12)
4.
4(
11)
4.
6(
23)
6-
8 hour
s/day
82.
8(
207)
72.
8(
182)
77.
8(
389)
>8 hour
s/day
12.
4(
31)
22.
8(
57)
17.
6(
88)
3.
6.
Central obesi
t
y, gener
a
liz
ed
obesity and
bl
ood
p
res
sure are
positi
vely correl
ated with eac
h
other
We f
o
un
d t
h
at
t
h
e pa
ram
e
t
e
rs of
cent
r
al
o
b
e
s
i
t
y
, gene
ral
i
zed
obesi
t
y
an
d
bl
o
o
d
p
r
ess
u
re
, i
.
e.
WHR
,
BMI, SBP an
d DBP resp
ecti
v
ely sho
w
ed
si
g
n
i
fican
t po
s
itiv
e correlation
with
each
o
t
h
e
r wh
en
an
alyzed
in
t
o
t
a
l
st
udy
s
u
bj
ect
s Tabl
e
5.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
SN
:
2
252
-88
06
I
J
PH
S Vo
l. 4
,
N
o
. 3
,
Sep
t
emb
e
r
201
5
:
1
64
–
17
1
16
8
Tabl
e
5. C
o
r
r
el
at
i
on
bet
w
ee
n
param
e
t
e
rs of
obe
si
t
y
and
bl
o
o
d
p
r
ess
u
re
i
n
t
h
e st
udy
s
u
bje
c
t
s
Body
M
a
ss
I
ndex (
K
g/m
2
)
Waist Hip
Ratio
Sy
stolic Blood
Pressure (
m
m
/
Hg)
Diastolic Blood
Pressure (
m
m
/
Hg)
Body
M
a
ss I
ndex (Kg/m
2
)
r
1
.
229(
**)
.
208(
**)
.
213(
**)
p
.
000
.
000
.
000
Waist Hip
Ratio
r
.
229(
**)
1
.
111(
*)
.
131(
**)
p .
000
.
013
.
003
Sy
stolic Blood Pr
essur
e
(m
m
/
Hg
)
r
.
208(
**)
.
111(
*)
1
.
587(
**)
p .
000
.
013
.
000
Diastolic Blood Pressur
e
(
m
m
/
Hg)
r
.
213(
**)
.
131(
**)
.
587(
**)
1
p .
000
.
003
.
000
r, Pearson corr
elation
co-efficien
t; p
,
P v
a
lue
** Correlation
is
significant at
th
e 0.01
level (2-tailed)
.
* Correlation
is
significant
at
the
0.05
lev
e
l
(2-ta
i
led).
4.
DIS
C
USSI
ON
Obesi
t
y
an
d
HTN
o
f
di
ffe
rent
a
g
e g
r
ou
ps
have
bee
n
st
udi
e
d
ext
e
n
s
i
v
el
y
i
n
m
a
n
y
devel
o
pe
d
cou
n
t
r
i
e
s,
whi
l
e i
n
B
a
ngl
ades
h st
udi
es
or dat
a
rel
a
t
e
d t
o
ob
esi
t
y
and HTN
on ad
ol
esce
nt
and y
o
u
ng a
d
u
l
t
s
are
relativ
ely li
mi
ted
.
To
ou
r
kn
owledg
e, t
h
is is th
e first su
ch
st
u
d
y
co
nd
u
c
ted
on
u
n
i
v
e
rsity stud
en
t
s
o
f
B
a
ngl
a
d
esh
.
Our study was
carried
out to
exam
ine the prevalence
of
obesity and
HT
N with their
risk factors as
well as relatio
nsh
i
p
between
th
em
in
a resid
e
n
tial u
n
i
v
e
rsity o
f
Bang
lad
e
sh. Th
e find
ing
s
sh
owed
an
alarmin
g
rat
e
o
f
rai
s
ed
bl
o
o
d
press
u
re
(B
P
)
, i
n
crea
si
ng
wei
g
ht
gai
n
, i
n
crea
si
n
g
hi
g
h
rat
e
of
s
m
oki
ng
(es
p
ec
i
a
l
l
y
i
n
m
a
l
e
st
udent
s)
,
i
n
creasi
n
g
fas
t
fo
od c
o
nsum
pt
i
on
(es
p
eci
al
l
y
i
n
fem
a
l
e
stude
nt
s)
, l
o
w p
h
y
s
i
cal
act
i
v
i
t
y
,
an
d
sede
ntary behavior am
ong stude
nts. Al
-Ha
zzaa et al. [35] also report
ed
sim
ilar results representi
ng tha
t
main
tain
in
g
i
n
activ
e lifestyle an
d con
s
u
m
p
t
i
o
n of
u
n
h
ealthy f
ood
ar
e co
m
m
o
n
in
adolesc
e
nt stude
n
ts.
Yos
h
i
i
k
e et
al
. [3
6]
ob
ser
v
e
d
t
h
e p
r
eval
e
n
ce of o
b
esi
t
y
on
20
-
24 y
ear
s ol
d Japa
nese
Uni
v
e
r
si
t
y
st
ude
nt
s an
d
f
o
u
n
d
t
h
e
pre
v
a
l
ence o
f
o
b
esi
t
y
of a
p
p
r
o
x
i
m
at
el
y
13% i
n
m
a
l
e
s and 5
%
i
n
fem
a
l
e
s. Yo
shi
m
ura
et
al
. [37]
rep
o
r
t
e
d, ba
sed
on
a st
udy
of t
h
e r
ecor
d
s o
f
an
nu
al
heal
t
h
exam
inat
i
on
of u
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
st
udent
s t
h
at
i
n
t
h
ei
r fre
shm
a
n y
ear, 1
5
.
4
% o
f
m
a
l
e
s and 1
1
.
2%
of
fem
a
l
e
s were
obe
se,
whi
l
e
i
n
t
h
ei
r
seni
o
r
y
ear,
9.
9% o
f
m
a
l
e
s and 5
.
2
%
of
fem
a
l
e
s
were
o
b
ese.
In
ou
r
stud
y, th
e
p
r
op
or
tio
ns of
o
b
e
se subj
ects
(
B
MI
≥
3
0
) wer
e
0.
8%
i
n
m
a
l
e
s and 3
.
2% i
n
fem
a
l
e
s. The
p
r
o
p
o
rt
i
o
ns
of
o
b
ese s
u
bject
s i
n
ou
r st
udy
were
som
e
what
l
e
ss t
h
an
t
hose
r
e
po
r
t
ed
in pr
ev
iou
s
st
u
d
i
es
b
u
t
h
i
gh
er
prop
or
tion
s
w
e
r
e
o
v
e
rw
eigh
t,
1
3
.2
% m
a
les an
d 12
%
f
e
m
a
les.
I
n
a
st
udy
c
o
n
d
u
ct
ed i
n
st
ude
nt
s o
f
a B
a
n
g
l
a
des
h
i
m
e
di
cal
colle
ge, the
prevale
n
ce of
ce
nt
ral
abd
o
m
i
nal
obe
si
t
y
(assesse
d by
WHR
)
was
fo
u
nd t
o
be
35
.8
8
%
(2
8.
4
0
% i
n
m
a
l
e
s and 4
3
.
6
5% i
n
fem
a
l
e
s)
[3
8]
. The
perc
ent
a
ge
s
were l
o
wer t
h
an
o
u
rs
b
u
t
t
h
e fem
a
les were still
m
o
re
su
ffered
b
y
obesity as fo
u
nd b
y
ours.
Th
e ov
erall
perce
n
t
a
ge
o
f
gene
ral
i
zed o
b
e
si
t
y
(B
M
I
≥
25 kg
/m
2
)
w
a
s 20.82
% i
n
all su
bj
ects (20
.
0
9
% i
n
m
a
les an
d
21.58
%
i
n
fem
a
l
e
s). Hi
ghe
r p
r
eval
e
n
c
e
of o
b
esi
t
y
am
ong fem
a
l
e
s
at
unde
r
g
ra
d
u
a
t
e
m
e
di
cal
l
e
vel
was al
so rep
o
r
t
e
d i
n
B
a
ngl
a
d
esh
[
3
9]
. B
y
c
ont
ra
s
t
, Yasi
n et
al
.
[3
1]
re
p
o
rt
e
d
t
h
e l
o
we
r
rat
e
of
o
b
esi
t
y
i
n
gi
rl
s
(4%
)
t
h
a
n
boy
s
(9
.4%
)
wi
t
h
a
n
o
v
eral
l
pr
op
o
r
t
i
on of
7
.
2%
.
In
case of
t
h
e
pr
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
s
of
hy
pe
rt
ensi
o
n
(
≥
14
0 m
m
Hg
fo
r SB
P a
nd/
o
r
≥
90
mm
H
g
fo
r D
B
P)
in
Jap
a
n
e
se young
stud
en
ts,
K
a
w
a
sak
i
et al. [4
0
]
r
e
por
ted
t
h
at ap
pro
x
i
m
a
te
ly 1
4
%
of
th
e
stu
d
e
n
t
s at th
e
an
nu
al
regular
health
check at a ce
rtain univ
e
r
si
t
y
were hy
pe
rt
en
si
ve.
T
h
e
p
r
op
ort
i
o
ns of hy
p
e
rt
ensi
o
n
rep
o
r
t
ed
i
n
t
h
e 20
0
1
Nat
i
o
nal
Nut
r
i
t
i
on s
u
r
v
ey
of Ja
pa
n
(NN
S
-J
) we
re
2.2
%
m
a
l
e
s and
0.
7% fem
a
les aged
15
-1
9
y
ears
an
d
1
1
.5
% of
males an
d 1.0% of
f
e
m
a
les ag
ed
2
0
-
2
9
years[
13
].
I
n
o
u
r
st
u
d
y
, th
e r
e
sp
ectiv
e v
a
l
u
es
w
e
re 9.2%
m
a
l
e
s and 2.0
%
fem
a
l
e
s. Al
t
hou
g
h
, t
h
e p
r
o
p
o
rt
i
o
ns o
f
hy
pe
rt
ensi
o
n
f
r
om
our st
u
d
y
were cl
ose t
o
t
h
e
pre
v
i
o
us st
u
d
i
e
s but
a
n
al
ar
m
i
ng pr
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
ns (
5
0
.
0
%
m
a
les and
2
3
.
2
%
fem
a
l
e
s) were pre
-
hy
pert
e
n
si
ve
.
Ou
r
d
a
ta d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
at aro
und h
a
lf
of
th
e m
a
le stu
d
e
n
t
s and o
n
e
qu
ar
ter
of th
e f
e
m
a
le stu
d
en
ts
h
a
d
pr
e-H
T
N
wh
ereas
HTN
was ev
id
en
t mo
re sign
ifican
tl
y in
m
a
le th
an
fem
a
les. No
tab
l
y, we fou
n
d
th
at th
e m
a
j
o
ri
ty of
st
ude
nt
s w
ho s
u
f
f
ere
d
f
r
om
hi
gh B
P
act
ual
l
y
had pre
-
HT
N. Hi
ghe
r B
P
i
n
m
a
l
e
s co
m
p
ared t
o
fem
a
l
e
s was
also
o
b
s
erv
e
d in
a
stud
y condu
cted
i
n
Ban
g
l
ad
esh
i
pr
iv
ate
med
i
cal stu
d
e
nts [
3
9
]
.
I
n
a st
ud
y cond
u
c
ted
am
o
n
g
t
h
e
st
u
d
e
n
t
s
of
a
ce
nt
ral
uni
v
e
rsi
t
y
i
n
West
B
a
nk
,
a
r
o
u
n
d
one
qua
rt
er o
f
t
h
e
st
u
d
e
n
t
s
ha
d rep
o
r
t
e
d
t
o
b
e
p
r
e-
h
y
p
e
rten
siv
e
wh
ereas
HTN
was ev
id
en
t in 2
.
2
%
wit
h
m
a
les b
e
ing
sign
ifican
tly
m
o
re
affected
t
h
an
fe
m
a
les
[3
1]
. Si
m
i
l
a
rly, O
r
t
i
z
-Gal
ea
n
o
et
al
. [
4
1]
r
e
po
rt
ed a
hi
gh
rat
e
o
f
p
r
e-
H
T
N i
n
y
o
u
n
g
adul
t
s
i
n
Sp
ai
n 2
4
%
.
These
data empha
size the importance
of
B
P
screen
ing
for you
ng
adu
lts to
detect any
increase i
n
BP at a
n
early age.
There a
r
e m
a
ny reports that obe
sity are associat
ed wi
t
h
h
y
p
ert
e
nsi
on i
n
m
i
ddl
e aged
i
ndi
vi
dual
s
[4
1]
-[
4
7
]
,
but
t
h
ere ha
ve bee
n
onl
y
a few rep
o
rt
s o
n
y
o
u
n
g
adul
t
s
. Y
o
s
h
i
m
ara et
al
. [37]
repo
rt
ed 4
5
.
6
%
of al
l
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
PH
S I
S
SN
:
225
2-8
8
0
6
O
b
esity
an
d Hyp
e
rten
si
o
n
in
S
t
ud
en
ts o
f
Jaha
ng
irn
aga
r
U
n
iversity:
Ala
r
min
g
I
s
su
e (Sud
ip
Pau
l
)
16
9
male o
b
e
se
un
i
v
ersity stud
en
ts and
21
.7
%
o
f
all m
a
le
o
b
e
se un
iv
er
sity stud
en
ts w
e
r
e
h
yper
t
en
siv
e
.
From
o
u
r
st
udy
,
we f
o
u
nd a st
r
o
ng c
o
r
r
el
at
i
on
bet
w
een
o
b
esi
t
y
and
HT
N.
Wh
en we
per
f
o
r
m
e
d Pears
on
bi
va
ri
at
e
co
rrelatio
n analysis b
e
tween
WHR,
BMI,
SBP an
d DBP, a si
g
n
i
fican
t
po
sitiv
e co
rrelatio
n
was
o
b
s
erv
e
d
bet
w
ee
n
al
l
pa
ram
e
t
e
rs.
Num
b
er of re
po
rt
s have p
ub
l
i
s
he
d sh
o
w
i
n
g ass
o
ci
at
i
on
bet
w
e
e
n hy
pert
e
n
si
o
n
an
d
increase
d
BMI or wei
ght
gain in m
i
ddle age
d
indivi
duals
or va
rious a
g
e
group [42],[43],[47]. Miyazaki
et al.
[4
8]
an
d
C
h
ei
, C
h
oy
-Ly
e
,
e
t
al
. [
49]
c
o
n
c
l
ude
d t
h
at
the appeara
n
ce
of hy
perte
n
sion tende
d
t
o
increase
obe
si
t
y
. The
re
sul
t
s
f
r
om
ou
r
st
udy
a
r
e c
o
n
s
i
s
t
e
nt
wi
t
h
t
h
os
e re
po
rt
ed
p
r
ev
i
ousl
y
.
5.
CO
NCL
USI
O
NS
The st
udy
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
e
s t
h
at
st
ude
nt
s
of
Jah
a
ngi
rna
g
r
U
n
i
v
ersi
t
y
are
su
ffe
ri
n
g
f
r
om
an i
n
c
r
ease
d
pre
v
alence
of
excessive
wei
ght
gain a
n
d e
l
evated BP.
Obesity and
HT
N we
re als
o
found to
be c
o
rrelated
am
ong t
h
i
s
p
o
p
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
.
A
hi
g
h
rat
e
of
sm
oki
ng, se
de
nt
ary
be
havi
o
r
, p
h
y
s
i
cal
i
n
act
i
v
i
t
y
, excessi
ve
con
s
um
pt
i
on
o
f
u
nhe
al
t
h
y
fo
o
d
, a
nd ca
ffei
n
e
-ri
ch
d
r
i
n
ks wa
s al
so o
b
se
rve
d
. The
fi
n
d
i
n
gs
put
em
phasi
s o
n
t
h
e
val
u
e
o
f
pr
om
ot
i
n
g
act
i
v
e l
i
f
est
y
l
e
, sm
oki
n
g
cessat
i
o
n,
an
d sc
reeni
n
g
f
o
r
o
b
esi
t
y
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d
H
T
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t
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d
e
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t
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l
d
i
sease
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o
r
s.
ACKNOWLE
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h
o
r
s
gre
a
t
l
y
ackn
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w
l
e
d
g
e
t
h
e t
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u
p
p
o
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e
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e
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i
oc
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e
m
i
st
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Mo
lecu
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o
l
o
g
y
, Jah
a
ng
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BIOGRAP
HI
ES
OF AUTH
ORS
Sudip Paul is w
o
rking as
Lectur
er in
the Depa
r
tment of Bio
c
hemistr
y
and
Molecular
Biolog
y
,
J
a
hangirnag
ar Univers
i
t
y
, S
a
v
a
r,
Dhaka. He co
mpleted B.Sc (
H
ons.) a
nd MS
in Biochemistr
y
and M
o
le
cular
Biolog
y from
J
a
hangirnag
ar Uni
v
ers
i
t
y
,
Bangl
ad
es
h. His
ar
eas
o
f
res
ear
ch
are
Bioinform
a
ti
cs, Medicin
a
l Che
m
istr
y
,
Mole
cul
a
r Pharm
acolog
y
, C
a
nce
r
Gene
tics and Public
Health
. E-m
a
il:
sudi
ppaul.bcmb@gmail.com
Md. Solay
m
an
graduated fro
m the Departm
e
nt
of Bio
c
hemistr
y
and Mo
lecu
lar Bio
l
og
y
,
Jahangirnagr Un
iversity
, Banglades
h. Currently
,
he is working on
several r
e
sear
ch projects. He
has excellen
t
command over
diffe
ren
t
bioinf
ormatics tools.
He is also working on Drug
discover
y
and
Com
puter Aide
d Drug Designing
in Banglad
e
s
h Institute of
Com
putational
Chemistr
y
and
Biochemistr
y
.
His other resear
ch
inter
e
sts are clini
c
a
l
biochem
i
str
y
, m
e
dicin
a
l
chem
is
tr
y,
m
e
di
cal
gen
e
ti
cs
et
c.
E-m
a
il:
na
eem
40thju@gm
ail.
co
m
Puja Biswasgraduated from th
e Department of Biochemist
r
y
and Molecular Biolo
g
y
,
Jahangirnagr
University
, Bang
ladesh. Her s
c
ien
t
ific
r
e
sear
ch in
ter
e
sts are
Clin
ica
l
Biochem
i
st
r
y
,
Molecular Bio
l
o
g
y
, Can
cer
Genetics
et
c. E-mail
: biswas.puja@
y
a
hoo.com
MoumoniSaha completed h
e
r M
S
in Bio
c
hemistr
y
and Molecu
lar Biolog
y
from
Jahangirnag
ar
Universit
y
, B
a
ngladesh. Her
scientif
ic in
te
rests are: Mol
ecul
a
r Pharm
a
c
o
log
y
, Clin
ica
l
Biochemistr
y
, Medi
cinal Chemistr
y
and B
i
oinfor
matics.
E-m
a
il:
m
oum
onis
aha@gm
ail
.
co
m
Md. Sabir Hossain
is now work
ing as Associate
Professor in
th
e Depar
t
ment of
Bioch
e
mistr
y
and Molecu
lar
Biolog
y
,
Jah
a
ng
irnagar Univ
er
sity
. He
completed his PhD degree from Dhaka
Universit
y
. Apar
t from
teaching
differen
t
courses
,
he has condu
ct
ed severa
l resea
r
ch works on
bioinform
a
ti
cs,
nutrition
and
pu
blic
hea
lth
,
clin
i
cal
bioch
e
m
i
str
y
et
c.
E-m
a
il:
sabiriu
@
gm
ail.com
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