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th
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t 1
0
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z.
Mo
r
eo
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er
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its
-
3
d
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b
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d
w
id
th
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4
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h
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C
I
RCU
I
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P
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I
NCIP
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DE
SC
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nt
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Fig
u
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s
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r
r
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a
d
r
atic
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1
-
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,
w
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m
o
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w
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s
q
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in
[
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ated
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y
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elatio
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D
V
V
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w
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D
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r
ain
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g
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is
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s
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m
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B
GS
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V
K
I
V
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2
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3
(
2
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w
h
er
e
V
GSi
is
t
h
e
V
GS
o
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th
e
t
r
an
s
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M
i
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i
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1
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2
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3
,
4
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.
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ce
th
e
d
r
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r
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en
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D
1
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al
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o
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ate
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n
b
e
d
er
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as:
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o
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V
K
i
i
V
1
1
1
(
3
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g
E
q
u
atio
n
s
(
1
)
to
(
3
)
,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t c
u
r
r
en
t
i
o
1
o
f
t
h
e
s
q
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ar
er
o
f
Fig
u
r
e
1
is
o
b
tain
ed
as
:
B
B
i
o
I
I
i
i
16
4
2
1
1
(
4
)
As
ap
p
ar
en
t,
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e
o
u
tp
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t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
i
o
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o
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h
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ce
ll
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lt
s
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ad
r
atic
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it
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p
u
t
cu
r
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en
t
i
i
1
d
iv
id
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y
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h
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b
ias cu
r
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e
n
t
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B
.
i
o
1
i
i
1
M
1
V
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M
2
I
B
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M
3
M
4
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
u
r
r
en
t
s
q
u
ar
er
ce
ll
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
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n
t J
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&
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u
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o
w
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asic
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r
r
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n
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f
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s
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e
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ir
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5
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6
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d
p
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e
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7
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e
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atin
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t
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e
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at
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r
atio
n
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io
n
,
th
e
d
r
ain
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r
r
en
ts
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D
5
a
n
d
I
D
7
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
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an
d
M7
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
E
q
u
atio
n
(
1
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ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
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2
2
5
TN
i
D
V
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I
(
5
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a
nd
2
2
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D
V
V
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I
(
6
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w
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er
e
V
TN
a
n
d
V
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e
t
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r
esh
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d
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s
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e
id
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T
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e
n
t
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in
p
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t c
u
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t
i
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s
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T
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D
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V
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t
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t c
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r
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en
t
i
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f
Fig
u
r
e
2
ca
n
b
e
f
o
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n
d
t
o
b
e
:
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2
2
2
8
6
2
T
i
T
i
D
D
o
V
V
V
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I
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i
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h
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atio
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s
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d
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i
o
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6
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5
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7
+
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V
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Fig
u
r
e
2
.
B
asic c
u
r
r
en
t f
o
llo
wer
cir
cu
it
2
.
3
.
P
ro
po
s
ed
curr
ent
m
ulti
pli
er
/
div
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circ
uit
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
ca
p
a
b
le
o
f
p
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f
o
r
m
i
n
g
b
o
th
cu
r
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en
t
m
u
lt
ip
licatio
n
an
d
d
iv
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s
io
n
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
3.
T
h
e
co
r
e
ele
m
e
n
ts
a
r
e
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
b
iq
u
ad
r
atic
ce
l
ls
M
1A
-
M
2A
,
M
1B
-
M
2B
a
n
d
M
1C
-
M
2C
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
th
o
s
e
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
,
i
n
w
h
ich
th
e
s
h
ar
i
n
g
b
ias
v
o
lt
ag
e
V
B
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
tr
a
n
s
i
s
t
o
r
s
M
3
-
M
4
.
T
h
e
x
-
in
p
u
t
an
d
y
-
i
n
p
u
t
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
i
g
n
als
(
i
iA
=
i
x
an
d
i
iB
=
i
y
)
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d
th
e
s
u
m
o
f
i
x
an
d
i
y
(
i
iC
=
i
x
+
i
y
)
f
o
r
th
e
th
r
ee
s
q
u
ar
er
ce
lls
ar
e
g
en
er
ated
b
y
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
f
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w
er
cir
cu
its
M
5A
-
M
1
0A
an
d
M
5B
-
M
10B
o
f
Fi
g
u
r
e
2.
Fro
m
th
e
s
q
u
ar
er
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
,
w
e
s
ee
t
h
at
t
h
e
b
ias
cu
r
r
en
t
I
B
in
E
q
u
atio
n
(
4
)
is
i
n
t
h
e
d
en
o
m
in
ato
r
.
T
h
u
s
,
f
o
r
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
cir
cu
it
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
,
if
I
B
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
th
e
th
ir
d
in
p
u
t
i
z
,
th
en
it
ca
n
b
e
s
h
o
w
n
th
at
t
h
is
cir
cu
it
m
a
y
b
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
as a
cu
r
r
en
t d
iv
id
er
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
E
q
u
atio
n
(
4
)
,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t c
u
r
r
e
n
ts
i
oA
,
i
oB
an
d
i
oC
o
f
th
e
th
r
ee
s
q
u
ar
er
s
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
ar
e
g
iv
e
n
b
y
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
l
y
:
z
z
x
oA
i
i
i
i
16
4
2
(
1
0
)
z
z
y
oB
i
i
i
i
16
4
2
(
1
1
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
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1
.
5
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C
MOS
C
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r
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en
t Mu
ltip
li
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er
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ts
d
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p
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n
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p
)
1481
a
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z
z
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i
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16
4
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(
2
.
(
1
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T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
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ir
r
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cir
cu
it
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14
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M
15
p
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s
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ig
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r
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s
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t
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e.
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h
e
o
u
tp
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t
cu
r
r
en
t (
i
out
)
o
f
t
h
is
m
u
ltip
lier
is
th
er
e
f
o
r
e
:
oB
oA
oC
z
out
i
i
i
i
i
.
(
1
3
)
Su
b
s
ti
tu
t
in
g
E
q
u
atio
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s
(
1
0
)
in
to
(
1
3
)
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
:
z
y
x
out
i
i
i
i
8
.
(
1
4
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T
h
e
eq
u
atio
n
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r
l
y
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
t
h
e
cir
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it
o
f
Fig
u
r
e
2
o
p
er
ates
as
th
e
f
o
u
r
-
q
u
ad
r
an
t
cu
r
r
en
t
m
u
ltip
licatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
i
x
a
n
d
i
y
,
o
r
th
e
t
w
o
-
q
u
ad
r
an
t
c
u
r
r
en
t
d
iv
i
s
io
n
b
et
w
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n
i
x
(
o
r
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y
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an
d
i
z
,
w
ith
th
e
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n
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er
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io
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ai
n
o
f
1
/8
.
+
V
i
i
B
=
i
y
i
i
C
=
(
i
x
+
i
y
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M
1
C
M
2
C
V
B
M
2
A
M
2
B
i
o
u
t
M
3
M
4
M
1
B
M
1
A
i
i
A
=
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x
i
z
i
x
M
6
A
M
5
A
i
y
M
5
B
M
7
A
M
8
A
M
9
A
M
1
0
A
M
6
B
M
7
B
M
8
B
M
9
B
M
1
0
B
M
1
1
M
1
2
M
1
3
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1
4
M
1
5
i
o
A
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o
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o
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i
o
C
i
o
D
=
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z
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
cu
r
r
en
t
-
m
o
d
e
m
u
ltip
lier
/d
i
v
id
er
cir
cu
it
3.
M
I
S
M
AT
CH
ANALYS
I
S
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
d
is
c
u
s
s
es
i
n
d
e
tail
t
h
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
ef
f
ec
t
s
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
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i
s
m
a
tch
e
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i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
cir
cu
it
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
ese
e
f
f
ec
ts
m
ai
n
l
y
i
n
cl
u
d
e
c
h
an
n
el
le
n
g
th
m
o
d
u
lat
io
n
,
in
p
u
t
cu
r
r
e
n
t
m
i
s
m
atc
h
an
d
tr
an
s
i
s
to
r
m
is
m
atc
h
.
H
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N
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ates
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]
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
M
.
Ism
a
il
a
n
d
T
.
F
e
iz,
“
A
n
a
lo
g
VL
S
I
S
ig
n
a
l
a
n
d
I
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
P
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
,
”
M
c
G
ra
w
-
Hill
,
1
9
9
4
.
[2
]
T
.
S
u
z
u
k
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
sim
u
latio
n
o
f
4
Q
-
m
u
lt
ip
li
e
r
u
s
in
g
li
n
e
a
r
a
n
d
sa
tu
ra
ti
o
n
re
g
io
n
s
o
f
M
OSF
ET
c
o
m
p
le
m
e
n
tall
y
,
”
IEI
CE
T
ra
n
s.
F
u
n
d
a
me
n
t
a
ls
,
v
o
l
.
E8
5
-
A
,
p
p
.
1
2
4
2
-
1
2
4
8
,
2
0
0
2
.
[3
]
C.
C.
Ch
a
n
g
a
n
d
S
.
I.
L
iu
,
“
W
e
a
k
in
v
e
rsio
n
f
o
u
r
-
q
u
a
d
ra
n
t
m
u
lt
i
p
li
e
r
a
n
d
tw
o
-
q
u
a
d
ra
n
t
d
iv
id
e
r
,
”
El
e
c
tro
n
.
L
e
t
t.
,
v
o
l
.
34
,
n
o
.
2
2
,
p
p
.
2
0
7
9
-
2
0
8
0
,
1
9
9
8
.
[4
]
B.
M
.
W
il
a
m
o
ws
k
i,
“
V
L
S
I
a
n
a
lo
g
m
u
lt
ip
li
e
r/d
iv
id
e
r
c
ircu
it
,
”
Pro
c
.
IEE
E
S
y
m.
In
d
u
stri
a
l
El
e
c
tro
n
.
,
v
o
l.
2
,
p
p
.
4
9
3
-
4
9
6
,
1
9
9
8
.
[5
]
A
.
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
n
o
v
e
l
c
u
rre
n
t
-
m
o
d
e
m
icro
p
o
w
e
r
f
o
u
r
-
q
u
a
d
ra
n
t
CM
OS
a
n
a
l
o
g
m
u
lt
ip
li
e
r/
d
iv
id
e
r
,
”
Pro
c
.
IEE
E
Co
n
f.
El
e
c
tro
n
De
v
ice
s a
n
d
S
o
l
id
-
S
ta
te Ci
rc
u
it
s
,
p
p
.
3
2
1
-
3
2
4
,
2
0
0
7
.
[6
]
A
.
J.
L
.
M
a
rti
n
a
n
d
A
.
Ca
rlo
se
n
a
,
“
Cu
rre
n
t
-
m
o
d
e
m
u
lt
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t
h
e
M
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tran
sli
n
e
a
r
p
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ip
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,
”
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a
l
o
g
In
teg
r
.
Circ
.
S
ig
.
Pro
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ss
.
,
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.
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8
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0
1
.
[7
]
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.
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L
iu
a
n
d
C.
C
.
Ch
a
n
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,
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r
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si
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ircu
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s
,
”
IEE
E
J
.
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o
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d
-
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ta
te Ci
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s
,
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3
0
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p
.
1
0
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5
-
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0
2
9
,
1
9
9
5
.
[8
]
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t
a
l.
,
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ir
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.
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9
9
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.
[9
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.
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a
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m
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.
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ig
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ss
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0
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.
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0
9
.
[1
0
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A
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,
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u
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r/
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t.
J
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.
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o
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n
.
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p
.
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2
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1
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C.
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.
De
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a
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rr
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r
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n
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L
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tt
.
,
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.
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.
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0
3
.
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2
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a
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ra
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y
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ircu
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s
in
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n
a
lo
g
sig
n
a
l
p
ro
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ss
in
g
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
Ver
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L
a
rg
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c
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le In
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r.
(
VL
S
I)
S
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4
.
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3
]
K.
Bu
lt
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n
d
H.
W
a
ll
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a
,
“
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n
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c
ircu
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s
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th
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re
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law
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h
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ra
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teris
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n
M
OS
tran
sisto
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n
sa
tu
ra
ti
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n
,
”
I
EE
E
J
.
S
o
li
d
-
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t
a
te Ci
rc
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i
ts
,
v
o
l
.
SC
-
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n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
3
5
7
-
3
6
5
,
1
9
8
7
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.