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On
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8708
Desig
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2.
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t
b
e
f
u
r
t
h
er
p
ar
titi
o
n
ed
.
A
p
ar
titi
o
n
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
to
p
-
d
o
w
n
d
esig
n
is
i
n
f
l
u
en
ce
d
b
y
d
esig
n
cr
iter
ia,
s
u
c
h
as
co
s
t,
s
p
ee
d
,
ch
ip
ar
ea
an
d
s
o
o
n
.
T
y
p
ical
l
y
,
a
n
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
e
v
a
lu
e
o
f
a
cr
it
er
io
n
w
ill
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
t
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
o
th
er
cr
iter
ia
s
o
th
at
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
o
f
t
h
ese
cr
it
er
ia
w
ill
r
es
u
lt
i
n
a
n
o
n
-
u
n
iq
u
e
d
esig
n
.
P
ar
ti
tio
n
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
d
o
es
n
o
t
d
ep
en
d
o
n
w
h
et
h
er
o
r
n
o
t th
er
e
is
a
p
r
i
m
i
tiv
e
at
t
h
e
lo
w
e
s
t le
v
el.
A
t
th
e
b
o
tto
m
-
u
p
d
esi
g
n
,
t
h
e
d
esig
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
also
s
tar
ts
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ef
i
n
itio
n
o
f
t
h
e
cir
c
u
it
at
t
h
e
h
ig
h
e
s
t
lev
el.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
p
ar
titi
o
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
th
e
b
o
tto
m
-
u
p
d
esi
g
n
i
s
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
y
p
r
i
m
iti
v
e
av
ailab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
iti
v
e
o
r
b
lo
ck
m
u
s
t
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
cr
ea
ted
o
n
an
o
th
er
o
cc
asio
n
an
d
m
a
y
b
e
cr
ea
ted
b
y
an
o
th
er
d
esi
g
n
er
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
e
r
is
f
o
r
ce
d
to
u
s
e
t
h
e
p
r
i
m
iti
v
e
s
o
r
b
lo
ck
s
th
a
t
ar
e
alr
ea
d
y
av
ailab
le
w
h
e
n
it
w
i
ll
p
ar
titi
o
n
th
e
cir
cu
it to
a
lo
w
er
lev
el
[
3
].
Mo
s
t
d
esig
n
er
s
co
m
b
in
e
b
o
th
d
esig
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
y
u
tili
ze
t
h
eir
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
a
d
v
an
ta
g
es.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
also
cu
s
to
m
ized
w
ith
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
d
esi
g
n
.
T
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
to
p
-
d
o
w
n
d
esig
n
is
m
o
r
e
id
ea
l
t
h
a
n
b
o
tt
o
m
-
u
p
d
esi
g
n
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
t
h
is
d
esig
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
w
i
ll
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
an
y
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
th
a
t
ar
e
n
o
t
s
tan
d
ar
d
,
s
o
it
ca
n
i
n
c
r
ea
s
e
th
e
co
s
t
o
f
d
esi
g
n
i
n
g
.
B
o
tto
m
-
u
p
d
esi
g
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
m
o
r
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ical,
b
u
t t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
d
esi
g
n
o
b
tain
ed
i
s
n
o
t a
s
w
e
ll a
s
t
h
e
to
p
-
d
o
w
n
d
esi
g
n
.
2
.
1
.
Desig
n pha
s
e
Sta
g
e
1
: Sy
s
te
m
s
p
ec
if
icat
io
n
I
n
d
esig
n
in
g
,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
th
i
n
g
th
at
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
is
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
p
ec
if
icat
io
n
to
b
e
m
ad
e.
T
h
is
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
w
ill
b
e
a
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
at
t
h
e
to
p
lev
el.
T
h
in
g
s
to
co
n
s
id
er
ar
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
a
n
d
s
y
s
te
m
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
s
to
b
e
cr
ea
ted
.
I
t
also
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
th
e
f
ab
r
icatio
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
an
d
d
es
ig
n
tech
n
iq
u
es.
Sta
g
e
2
: Fu
n
ctio
n
al
d
esi
g
n
A
t
t
h
i
s
s
ta
g
e
th
e
d
esi
g
n
er
co
n
s
id
er
s
t
h
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
al
asp
ec
ts
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
U
s
u
al
l
y
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
s
u
b
-
u
n
its
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
th
is
s
tag
e
is
u
s
u
all
y
a
ti
m
i
n
g
d
iag
r
a
m
o
r
o
th
er
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
et
w
ee
n
s
u
b
-
u
n
its
[
4
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
Sta
g
e
3
: L
o
g
ic
d
esig
n
A
t
th
i
s
s
tag
e,
t
h
e
lo
g
ical
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
r
ep
r
ese
n
ti
n
g
th
e
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
al
d
esi
g
n
is
m
ad
e.
Us
u
all
y
th
e
lo
g
ic
d
esig
n
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
i
n
b
o
o
lean
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
.
Sta
g
e
4
: Ci
r
cu
it
d
esig
n
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
is
d
esig
n
s
t
ag
e
is
to
o
b
tain
a
cir
cu
it
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
o
f
th
e
lo
g
ica
l
d
esig
n
.
B
o
o
lean
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
ar
e
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
cir
cu
it
r
ep
r
esen
ta
tio
n
s
ta
k
i
n
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
ea
ch
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
t
h
is
cir
cu
it is
e
x
p
r
ess
ed
in
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
cir
cu
it d
iag
r
a
m
s
.
Sta
g
e
5
:
P
h
y
s
ical
d
esi
g
n
A
t
t
h
i
s
s
ta
g
e,
th
e
cir
cu
it
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
ea
ch
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
i
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
i
n
to
a
g
eo
m
etr
y
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
.
T
h
is
r
ep
r
esen
t
atio
n
is
a
s
et
o
f
g
eo
m
etr
ic
p
atter
n
s
t
h
at
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
lo
g
ical
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
o
f
ea
c
h
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t.
T
h
is
g
eo
m
etr
y
r
e
p
r
esen
tatio
n
i
s
ca
lled
a
la
y
o
u
t
.
T
h
e
lay
o
u
t
d
esi
g
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
also
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
d
esig
n
r
u
le,
w
h
ic
h
is
a
d
esig
n
g
u
i
d
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
li
m
itati
o
n
s
o
f
th
e
f
ab
r
icatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
an
d
th
e
elec
tr
ical
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
th
e
f
ab
r
icatio
n
m
ater
ial
[
8
]
.
Ste
p 6
: V
er
if
y
d
es
ig
n
A
t
t
h
i
s
s
ta
g
e
t
h
e
L
a
y
o
u
t
is
c
h
e
ck
ed
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
a
t
th
e
la
y
o
u
t
m
ee
ts
th
e
s
p
ec
if
icat
io
n
s
a
n
d
f
ab
r
icatio
n
r
u
les.
Desi
g
n
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
i
n
c
lu
d
es
ch
ec
k
i
n
g
d
esi
g
n
r
u
les
an
d
ch
ec
k
in
g
th
e
s
u
itab
il
it
y
b
et
w
ee
n
la
y
o
u
t
an
d
cir
cu
it r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
.
Sta
g
e
7
: Fab
r
icatio
n
Af
ter
v
er
i
f
icat
io
n
,
th
e
la
y
o
u
t
is
r
ea
d
y
to
b
e
f
ab
r
icate
d
.
Fab
r
icatio
n
in
cl
u
d
es
s
ev
er
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
tep
s
.
B
ef
o
r
e
th
e
ch
ip
is
m
as
s
-
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
,
a
co
m
p
lete
d
esig
n
is
cr
ea
t
ed
an
d
test
ed
[
7
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
3
5
5
0
–
3
5
5
9
3552
Sta
g
e
8
:
P
ac
k
ag
in
g
,
test
in
g
an
d
d
eb
u
g
g
i
n
g
E
v
en
t
u
all
y
,
ea
ch
c
h
ip
is
p
ac
k
ag
ed
a
n
d
th
e
n
test
ed
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
t
h
e
ch
ip
m
ee
t
s
all
t
h
e
d
esig
n
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
a
n
d
is
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
p
r
o
p
er
ly
.
2
.
2
.
Alt
er
na
t
iv
e
d
esig
ns
W
ith
th
e
g
r
o
w
i
n
g
m
ar
k
et
d
e
m
an
d
f
o
r
r
eliab
le,
lo
w
co
s
t
an
d
f
ast
ti
m
e
-
to
-
m
ar
k
et
I
C
p
r
o
d
u
cts,
v
ar
io
u
s
d
esig
n
a
n
d
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
a
lter
n
ati
v
es
e
m
er
g
ed
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
th
e
s
e
d
e
m
a
n
d
s
.
T
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
a
n
d
d
esig
n
alter
n
ati
v
es
ar
e
c
lass
if
ied
i
n
to
f
u
ll
c
u
s
to
m
a
n
d
s
e
m
i
cu
s
to
m
(
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
ce
ll,
g
ate
ar
r
a
y
,
f
ield
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
ab
le
g
a
te
ar
r
a
y
an
d
s
ea
o
f
g
ate
s
)
[
5
].
2
.
2
.
1
.
F
ull
cus
t
o
m
de
s
ig
n
T
h
e
f
u
ll
cu
s
to
m
d
esi
g
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
v
er
y
co
m
p
le
x
an
d
tak
e
s
m
o
r
e
ti
m
e
t
h
an
a
n
y
o
th
er
alte
r
n
ati
ve
.
S
o
th
is
d
es
ig
n
is
o
n
l
y
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
d
esig
n
s
t
h
at
r
eq
u
ir
e
h
i
g
h
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
t
h
at
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
ac
h
i
ev
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
th
er
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
T
h
e
f
u
ll
cu
s
to
m
d
esig
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
a
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
to
s
o
lv
e
p
r
o
b
lem
i
n
t
h
e
en
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
w
h
ich
ar
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
in
ten
s
iv
e
[
1
2
]
.
I
n
th
e
f
u
ll
-
c
u
s
to
m
d
esi
g
n
,
th
e
cir
cu
it
is
p
ar
titi
o
n
ed
i
n
to
b
lo
ck
s
.
T
h
e
s
ize,
p
lace
m
e
n
t,
an
d
d
esig
n
o
f
ea
ch
b
lo
ck
ar
e
f
r
ee
,
b
u
t
th
e
d
e
s
ig
n
r
es
u
lt
s
m
u
s
t
b
e
s
o
lid
an
d
co
m
p
ac
t.
R
o
u
ti
n
g
o
f
i
n
ter
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
l
in
e
s
u
s
i
n
g
u
n
u
s
ed
b
lo
ck
ar
ea
s
.
C
o
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
m
u
ltip
le
m
etal
la
y
er
s
f
o
r
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
lin
e
s
[
6
]
,
[
9
]
.
2
.
2
.
2
.
Se
m
i c
u
s
t
o
m
des
ig
n
W
ith
s
e
m
i
-
cu
s
to
m
d
es
ig
n
,
t
h
e
d
esig
n
er
ca
n
u
s
e
ex
is
ti
n
g
ce
ll
s
an
d
u
t
ilize
t
h
e
ce
lls
a
s
n
ee
d
e
d
s
o
as
to
o
b
tain
th
e
d
esire
d
f
u
n
c
tio
n
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
P
ar
ity
g
en
er
ato
r
d
es
ig
n
ed
i
s
8
-
b
it
w
h
ic
h
g
et
s
i
n
p
u
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
h
i
f
t
r
eg
i
s
te
r
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
ca
n
b
e
r
ea
lized
w
it
h
o
n
l
y
t
w
o
b
asi
c
b
lo
ck
s
:
a
D
-
Flip
-
Flo
p
(
DFF)
an
d
an
XOR
g
ate.
A
N
-
b
it
p
ar
it
y
g
e
n
er
ato
r
is
a
b
lo
ck
th
at
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
a
co
m
b
in
a
tio
n
o
f
B
o
o
lean
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
t
h
at
h
av
e
N
-
p
ar
allel
i
n
p
u
t a
n
d
o
n
e
o
u
tp
u
t.
I
f
p
ar
it
y
is
o
d
d
,
th
en
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
b
it is
:
a.
L
o
g
ic
"
1
"
if
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
it
s
-
1
i
n
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
v
ec
to
r
is
ev
e
n
b.
L
o
g
ic
"
0
"
if
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
it
s
-
1
i
n
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
v
ec
to
r
is
o
d
d
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
in
T
ab
le
1
,
w
e
ca
n
s
ee
t
h
e
co
n
d
itio
n
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
d
ata
o
n
a
4
-
b
it
p
ar
it
y
g
e
n
er
at
or
cir
cu
it
w
it
h
v
ar
io
u
s
p
o
s
s
ib
le
c
o
m
b
i
n
atio
n
s
o
f
i
n
p
u
t d
ata.
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
t
r
u
th
T
ab
l
e
o
f
t
h
e
4
-
b
it P
ar
ity
Ge
n
er
ato
r
D
0
D
1
D
2
D
3
Q
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
Fo
r
ev
en
p
ar
it
y
,
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
i
s
th
e
co
m
p
le
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
o
d
d
p
ar
it
y
o
u
tp
u
t.
A
lt
h
o
u
g
h
it
l
o
o
k
s
a
b
i
t
co
m
p
lica
ted
,
it c
an
b
e
r
ea
lized
ea
s
il
y
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
X
OR
g
ate.
T
h
e
p
ar
it
y
f
u
n
ctio
n
ca
n
b
e
w
r
i
tt
en
in
E
q
u
a
tio
n
(
1
)
:
P
= D
0
xo
r
D
1
xo
r
D
2
xo
r
D
3
xo
r
…
(
1
)
T
h
e
4
-
b
it o
d
d
p
ar
it
y
g
e
n
er
ato
r
is
ex
p
r
ess
ed
b
y
(
2
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
Desig
n
o
f D
ig
ita
l P
a
r
ity
Gen
era
to
r
La
yo
u
t u
s
in
g
0
.
7
micro
n
Tech
n
o
lo
g
y
(
W
a
h
a
b
Mu
s
a
)
3553
P
= (
(
D
0
xo
r
D
1
)
xo
r
(
D
2
xo
r
D
3
))
(
2
)
W
h
er
e,
P
: P
a
r
ity
,
D
n
: D
ata
b
it n
T
h
e
p
ar
ity
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
u
s
ed
to
v
er
if
y
t
h
e
co
r
r
ec
tn
es
s
o
f
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
itted
i
n
d
ig
ital
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
.
I
n
s
o
m
e
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
to
co
ls
,
d
ata
b
its
ar
e
s
en
t
to
g
et
h
e
r
w
it
h
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
p
ar
it
y
v
alu
es.
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
er
ch
ec
k
s
t
h
e
p
ar
it
y
.
I
f
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
b
its
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
d
ec
o
d
ed
d
u
r
in
g
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
,
th
e
n
p
ar
it
y
w
il
l
n
o
t
m
atc
h
,
a
n
d
th
e
r
ec
ip
ien
t
w
i
ll r
eq
u
est t
h
e
c
o
r
r
ec
t tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
o
f
d
ata
r
ep
ea
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
en
d
er
.
T
h
e
r
etr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
m
e
th
o
d
h
as
a
d
is
ad
v
an
ta
g
e,
t
h
at
is
,
w
h
en
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
ch
an
n
el
i
s
in
ter
r
u
p
ted
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
p
ar
it
y
ch
ec
k
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
r
etr
an
s
m
is
s
i
o
n
m
e
th
o
d
is
v
er
y
s
i
m
p
le
an
d
is
s
t
ill
a
p
o
p
u
lar
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
d
ata
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
4.
SH
I
F
T
R
E
G
I
S
T
E
I
f
it
is
ass
u
m
ed
th
at
t
h
e
r
ec
eiv
er
r
ec
eiv
es
t
h
e
d
ata
in
a
s
e
r
ial
f
o
r
m
,
an
d
g
e
n
er
ates
th
e
p
ar
ity
b
it
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
l
y
f
o
r
th
e
la
s
t
8
-
b
it
in
p
u
t
d
ata.
T
o
s
o
lv
e
it,
t
h
e
i
n
co
m
in
g
s
er
ial
d
ata
s
tr
ea
m
i
s
c
o
n
v
er
ted
to
p
ar
allel
(
v
ec
to
r
)
as th
e
p
ar
it
y
g
e
n
er
ato
r
in
p
u
t.
Fo
r
th
i
s
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
w
e
will u
s
e
t
h
e
s
h
i
f
t r
eg
i
s
ter
.
A
N
-
b
it
s
h
i
f
t
r
eg
is
ter
h
as
N
D
-
Flip
-
Flo
p
(
DF
F)
co
n
n
ec
ted
c
ascad
e.
A
t
ea
ch
clo
ck
c
y
cle,
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
o
f
o
n
e
DFF
is
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
to
th
e
n
ex
t
D
FF
i
n
p
u
t
i
n
th
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
.
I
f
in
p
u
t
o
f
ea
c
h
DFF
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
,
th
is
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
ca
n
u
s
e
s
er
ial
i
n
p
u
t
-
p
ar
allel
o
u
tp
u
t (
SIP
O)
.
5.
I
M
P
L
E
M
E
NT
AT
I
O
N
T
o
im
p
le
m
en
t
t
h
e
la
y
o
u
t
d
esi
g
n
o
f
8
-
b
it
p
ar
it
y
g
en
er
ato
r
c
ir
cu
it,
t
h
is
r
esear
ch
u
s
ed
T
an
n
er
T
o
o
ls
aid
s
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
w
h
ic
h
i
s
a
co
ll
ec
tio
n
o
f
s
o
m
e
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ated
in
to
T
an
n
er
T
o
o
ls
ar
e
S
-
E
d
it
v
er
s
io
n
1
,
L
-
E
d
it
v
er
s
io
n
6
,
N
etT
r
an
v
er
s
io
n
1
.
0
0
,
Gate
Si
m
v
er
s
io
n
2
.
0
0
an
d
L
VS
v
er
s
io
n
2
.
1
9
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
u
s
i
n
g
T
an
n
er
T
o
o
l
s
in
cl
u
d
es se
v
er
al
s
ta
g
es,
s
tar
ti
n
g
f
r
o
m
s
c
h
e
m
atic
d
esi
g
n
,
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
s
ta
g
e,
th
e
n
la
y
o
u
t d
e
s
ig
n
an
d
t
h
e
last
i
s
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
la
y
o
u
t.
5
.
1
.
Sche
m
a
t
ic
circ
uit
des
ig
n
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
to
b
e
c
r
ea
ted
m
u
s
t
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
a
s
ch
e
m
atic
cir
cu
it.
I
n
t
h
e
s
ch
e
m
atic
cir
cu
it
d
esi
g
n
,
t
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
u
s
ed
in
t
h
e
s
c
h
e
m
atic
cir
c
u
it
ar
e
li
m
ited
b
y
t
h
e
ce
lls
a
v
a
ilab
le
i
n
th
e
ce
l
l
lib
r
ar
y
.
T
h
e
s
c
h
e
m
a
tic
cir
c
u
it
d
esig
n
u
s
ed
g
r
ap
h
ic
ed
ito
r
i
n
t
h
e
s
c
h
e
m
at
ic
ed
ito
r
p
r
o
g
r
am
.
T
h
e
s
ch
e
m
ati
c
ed
ito
r
av
ailab
le
o
n
T
an
n
er
T
o
o
ls
is
S
-
E
d
it.
T
h
is
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
r
eq
u
ir
es
cir
cu
it
lev
el
ce
ll
lib
r
ar
y
f
ile
s
.
T
h
is
f
ile
co
n
tain
s
m
o
d
u
le
s
th
at
ar
e
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
s
o
f
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
ce
lls
in
th
e
ce
ll
lib
r
ar
y
f
o
r
lay
o
u
ts
.
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
d
esig
n
is
cr
ea
ted
b
y
co
m
p
ili
n
g
th
e
ce
ll
m
o
d
u
les [
6
].
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
a
p
ar
it
y
g
en
er
ato
r
th
at
u
s
e
s
an
8
-
b
it
s
h
if
t r
eg
i
s
ter
as s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
8
b
it
p
a
r
ity
g
e
n
er
ato
r
cir
cu
it
5
.
2
.
Desig
nin
g
m
a
s
k la
y
o
ut
Desig
n
i
n
g
m
as
k
la
y
o
u
t
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
s
e
v
er
al
s
tag
e
s
,
n
a
m
e
l
y
p
ar
titi
o
n
in
g
,
f
lo
o
r
p
lan
,
p
lace
m
e
n
t,
r
o
u
tin
g
,
a
n
d
co
m
p
ac
tio
n
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
f
o
r
t
h
e
d
esi
g
n
o
f
s
i
m
p
l
e
cir
cu
it
s
,
th
er
e
is
a
d
esi
g
n
s
ta
g
e
m
as
k
la
y
o
u
t
t
h
at
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
3
5
5
0
–
3
5
5
9
3554
ca
n
b
e
i
g
n
o
r
ed
.
Desig
n
s
ta
g
e
m
as
k
la
y
o
u
t
d
o
n
e
in
th
is
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
i
n
clu
d
e
f
lo
o
r
p
lan
,
p
lace
m
en
t
a
n
d
r
o
u
ti
n
g
a
n
d
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
p
ar
it
y
g
en
er
ato
r
cir
cu
it
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
cir
c
u
i
t
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
7
XO
R
-
2
in
p
u
t
g
ates
an
d
8
D
-
Fl
ip
-
F
lo
p
s
.
T
h
en
th
e
t
w
o
g
r
o
u
p
s
o
f
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
w
i
ll b
e
u
s
ed
as b
asic c
ells
as s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
L
a
y
o
u
t o
f
B
asic Ce
ll
XOR 2
in
p
u
t
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e
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if
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lts
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ch
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u
r
e
3
s
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t
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e
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asic
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ll
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u
r
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3
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p
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t
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lts
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atter
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ates
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I
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to
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m
ize
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s
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[
1
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]
as sh
o
w
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F
ig
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r
e
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u
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6
.
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2
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if
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eg
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it is
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ate
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Fig
u
r
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7
.
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h
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ter
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f
SR
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1
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
Desig
n
o
f D
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l P
a
r
ity
Gen
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to
r
La
yo
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t u
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in
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C
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SI
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Fro
m
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I
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2088
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8708
Desig
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RE
F
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E
NC
E
S
[1
]
Na
v
e
e
d
S
h
e
rw
a
n
i,
“
A
lg
o
rit
h
m
s fo
r
V
L
S
I
P
h
y
sic
a
l
De
si
g
n
A
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
”
,
Klu
w
e
r
Ac
a
d
e
m
ic P
u
b
l
ish
e
r
,
1
9
9
2
.
[2
]
G
.
A
.
A
ll
a
n
a
n
d
A
.
J.
Walto
n
,
“
An
Yie
ld
Im
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
Tec
h
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
IC
La
y
o
u
t
Us
in
g
L
o
c
a
l
D
e
sig
n
Ru
les
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ter
-
Ai
d
e
d
De
sig
n
,
vo
l.
1
1
,
n
o
.
11
,
p
p
.
1
3
5
5
-
1
3
6
2
,
N
o
v
1
9
9
2
.
[3
]
Jo
h
n
P
.
Uy
e
m
u
ra
,
“
P
h
y
sic
a
l
De
si
g
n
o
f
CM
OS
I
n
teg
ra
ted
Circu
i
ts
Us
in
g
L
-
EDI
T
TM
,
”
1
9
9
5
.
[4
]
--
,
“
ES
2
EC
P
D0
7
L
ib
ra
ry
Da
tab
o
o
k
”
,
T
a
n
n
e
r
T
o
o
ls
,
1
9
9
4
.
[5
]
W
. E.
S
u
li
sti
o
n
o
,
“
P
e
ra
n
c
a
n
g
a
n
M
a
sk
L
a
y
o
u
t
P
a
ra
ll
e
l
A
c
c
e
ss
Cir
c
u
it
M
e
n
g
g
u
n
a
k
a
n
S
tan
d
a
rd
Ce
ll
”
,
M
a
ste
r
T
h
e
sis,
In
stit
u
t
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
Ba
n
d
u
n
g
,
1
9
9
8
.
[6
]
R.
M
a
rti
n
s
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
M
u
lt
i
-
Ob
jec
ti
v
e
M
u
lt
i
-
C
o
n
stra
i
n
t
Ro
u
ti
n
g
o
f
A
n
a
lo
g
ICs Us
in
g
a
M
o
d
if
ied
NSG
A
-
II
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
S
y
n
th
e
sis,
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
,
An
a
lys
is
a
n
d
S
imu
la
ti
o
n
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e
th
o
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s
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n
d
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p
p
l
ica
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o
n
s
t
o
Circ
u
it
s
De
sig
n
(
S
M
ACD),
2
0
1
2
.
[7
]
G
.
A
.
A
ll
a
n
,
“
T
a
rg
e
tt
e
d
L
a
y
o
u
t
M
o
d
if
ica
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
S
e
m
ico
n
d
u
c
to
r
Yie
l
d
/Reliab
il
it
y
En
h
a
n
c
e
m
e
n
t
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
S
e
mic
o
n
d
u
c
to
r
M
a
n
u
f
a
c
tu
ri
n
g
,
vol
.
1
7
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
5
7
3
-
5
8
1
,
No
v
2
0
0
4
.
[8
]
C.
L
.
V
a
len
z
u
e
la
a
n
d
P
.
Y.
W
a
n
g
,
“
V
L
S
I
P
lac
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
A
re
a
O
p
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
Us
in
g
a
G
e
n
e
ti
c
A
l
g
o
rit
h
m
to
Bre
e
d
No
rm
a
li
z
e
d
P
o
stf
ix
Ex
p
re
ss
io
n
s
”
,
IEE
E
T
r
a
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
Evo
l
u
ti
o
n
a
ry
Co
mp
u
t
a
ti
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
6
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
3
9
0
-
4
0
1
,
A
u
g
2
0
0
2
.
[9
]
H.
M
a
h
m
o
o
d
i
e
t
a
l.
,
“
F
u
ll
Cu
st
o
m
IC
De
sig
n
F
l
o
w
T
u
to
rial
u
sin
g
S
y
n
o
p
sy
s
Cu
st
o
m
T
o
o
ls
”
,
Na
n
o
-
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
&
Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
Re
se
a
rc
h
L
a
b
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
S
a
n
F
ra
n
c
isc
o
S
tate
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
0
]
A
.
Bo
u
d
a
o
u
d
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
V
HD
L
De
sig
n
a
n
d
F
P
G
A
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
a
Hig
h
Da
ta
Ra
te
T
u
rb
o
De
c
o
d
e
r
b
a
se
d
o
n
M
a
jo
rit
y
L
o
g
ic
Co
d
e
s
”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
),
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
8
2
4
-
1
8
3
2
,
A
u
g
u
st
2
0
1
7
.
[1
1
]
Zu
lf
ik
a
r
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
F
P
GA
-
b
a
se
d
De
sig
n
S
y
ste
m
f
o
r
a
Tw
o
-
se
g
m
e
n
t
F
ib
o
n
a
c
c
i
L
F
S
R
Ra
n
d
o
m
Nu
m
b
e
r
Ge
n
e
ra
to
r
”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
te
r E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
),
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
8
8
2
-
1
8
9
1
,
A
u
g
u
st
2
0
1
7
.
[1
2
]
G
.
S
in
g
h
&
N.R.
P
ra
k
a
sh
,
“
F
P
G
A
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
ta
ti
o
n
o
f
Hig
h
e
r
Ord
e
r
F
IR
F
il
ter
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
),
v
o
l.
7
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
8
7
4
-
1
8
8
1
,
A
u
g
u
st
20
1
7
.
[1
3
]
S
.
S
a
n
tara
a
n
d
U.
Ro
y
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
Op
ti
m
iza
ti
o
n
o
f
P
a
rit
y
G
e
n
e
r
a
to
r
a
n
d
P
a
rit
y
Ch
e
c
k
e
r
Ba
se
d
O
n
Qu
a
n
t
u
m
-
d
o
t
Ce
ll
u
lar
A
u
to
m
a
ta
”
,
W
o
rld
Aca
d
e
my
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
,
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
N
u
c
lea
r
a
n
d
Qu
a
n
t
u
m E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
ol
.
8
,
n
o.
3
,
p
p
.
4
9
1
-
4
9
7
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
4
]
M
.
M
u
sta
f
a
a
n
d
M.
R.
Be
ig
h
,
“
De
sig
n
a
n
d
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
Qu
a
n
tu
m
Ce
ll
u
lar
A
u
to
m
a
ta
B
a
s
e
d
No
v
e
l
P
a
rit
y
G
e
n
e
r
a
to
r
a
n
d
Ch
e
c
k
e
r
Circu
it
s
w
it
h
M
i
n
im
u
m
Co
m
p
lex
it
y
a
n
d
Ce
ll
Co
u
n
t
”
,
I
n
d
i
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Pu
re
&
Ap
p
li
e
d
Ph
y
sic
s,
v
o
l.
5
1
p
p
.
60
-
6
6
,
2
0
1
3
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O
G
RAP
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AUTH
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