I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l a
nd
Co
m
p
ute
r
E
ng
in
ee
ring
(
I
J
E
CE
)
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
2020
,
p
p
.
308
~
315
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
,
DOI
: 1
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.
1
1
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9
1
/
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.
v
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.
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315
308
J
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ur
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l ho
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:
h
ttp
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e.
ia
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r
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d
ex
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p
/I
JE
C
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Side
l
o
be
r
educ
tion
in
a
rray
a
ntenn
a
by
u
sing
n
o
v
el
d
esig
n of EBG
M.
K.
Abdu
lha
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ee
d
1
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S.
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o
ha
m
a
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a
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.
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bra
him
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,
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a
k
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o
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h
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ed
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.
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ina
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1
,
2,
3,
4
,
5,
6
,
7
Ce
n
tre f
o
r
T
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o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
I
n
n
o
v
a
ti
o
n
(
Ce
T
RI),
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ic an
d
C
o
m
p
u
ter E
n
g
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e
e
rin
g
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Un
iv
e
rsiti
T
e
k
n
ik
a
l
M
a
lay
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e
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a
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TeM)
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a
la
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1,
5
M
in
istry
o
f
Hig
h
e
r
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u
c
a
ti
o
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a
n
d
S
c
ien
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ic Re
se
a
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iv
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f
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rb
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nfo
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g
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cc
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ted
A
u
g
30
,
2
0
19
A
n
o
v
e
l
d
e
sig
n
o
f
EBG
is
u
se
d
to
re
p
lac
e
th
e
m
u
sh
ro
o
m
li
k
e
EBG
f
o
r
su
rro
u
n
d
in
g
th
e
a
rra
y
p
a
tch
a
n
ten
n
a
.
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o
r
d
e
r
to
im
p
ro
v
e
it
s
ra
d
iatio
n
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
s,
El
e
c
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
b
a
n
d
st
o
p
f
o
r
re
d
u
c
in
g
th
e
su
rf
a
c
e
w
a
v
e
s
e
ffe
c
ts
is
p
re
se
n
ted
.
T
h
e
n
o
v
e
l
d
e
sig
n
o
f
T
rip
le
S
i
d
e
S
l
o
tt
e
d
EBG
(T
S
S
EBG
)
sh
o
w
e
d
a
n
i
m
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
in
th
e
a
n
ten
n
a
e
ff
icie
n
c
y
,
d
irec
ti
v
it
y
a
n
d
g
a
in
a
s
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
to
th
e
re
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
a
n
ten
n
a
w
it
h
o
u
t
u
si
n
g
EBG
,
d
u
e
to
re
d
u
c
e
th
e
su
rf
a
c
e
wa
v
e
s
e
ffe
c
ts
w
h
ich
lea
d
s
to
d
e
c
re
a
se
th
e
sid
e
lo
b
e
s.
T
S
S
EBG
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
in
tro
d
u
c
e
d
b
y
so
m
e
m
o
d
if
ica
ti
o
n
s
in
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
m
u
sh
ro
o
m
-
li
k
e
EBG
stru
c
tu
re
.
Re
d
u
c
in
g
th
e
c
o
m
p
lex
it
y
wa
s
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
d
b
y
r
e
d
u
c
in
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
u
n
i
t
c
e
ll
s
a
n
d
v
ias
,
in
c
a
se
o
f
u
se
d
T
S
S
EBG
i
n
ste
a
d
o
f
m
u
sh
ro
o
m
li
k
e
EB
G
.
A
d
d
it
io
n
a
l
ly
,
th
e
T
S
S
EB
G
p
ro
v
id
e
d
tri
p
le
b
a
n
d
g
a
p
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
w
it
h
m
u
sh
ro
o
m
li
k
e
EBG
stru
c
tu
re
w
h
ich
h
a
d
o
n
ly
o
n
e
b
a
n
d
g
a
p
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
a
t
6
GH
z
.
T
h
e
p
lac
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
T
S
S
EB
G
is
a
f
le
x
ib
le
stru
c
tu
re
w
h
ich
p
ro
v
id
e
s
a
g
o
o
d
c
h
o
ice
i
n
t
h
e
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
sim
u
latio
n
re
su
lt
s
o
f
a
rra
y
p
a
tch
a
n
ten
n
a
w
it
h
a
n
d
w
it
h
o
u
t
m
u
sh
ro
o
m
li
k
e
EB
G
a
n
d
T
S
S
EBG
a
re
a
rra
n
g
e
d
in
Tab
le
1
.
T
h
is
str
u
c
tu
re
h
a
s
v
a
st
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
i
n
sa
telli
te
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
E
lectr
o
m
a
g
n
etic
b
an
d
-
g
ap
Mic
r
o
s
tr
ip
ar
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ay
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n
te
n
n
a
Mu
s
h
r
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o
m
-
li
k
e
E
B
G
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
Sid
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lo
b
e
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u
ctio
n
T
r
i
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le
b
an
d
g
ap
-
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G
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p
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h
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2
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2
0
In
stit
u
te o
f
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d
v
a
n
c
e
d
E
n
g
i
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g
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ien
c
e
.
Al
l
rig
h
ts
re
se
rv
e
d
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C
o
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p
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A
uth
o
r
:
M.
K.
A
b
d
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m
ee
d
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Dep
ar
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m
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t o
f
T
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m
m
u
n
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atio
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E
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g
i
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Facu
lt
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o
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ic
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d
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p
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ter
E
n
g
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r
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Un
i
v
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iti T
ek
n
ik
al
Ma
la
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Me
lak
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Han
g
T
u
ah
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y
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7
6
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Du
r
ian
T
u
n
g
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al,
Me
la
k
a
.
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m
ail:
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n
g
_
m
k
a@
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h
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o
.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
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s
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o
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h
i
g
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p
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f
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m
p
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tan
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y
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n
.
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ip
p
atch
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te
n
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b
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p
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f
in
teg
r
atio
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w
it
h
R
F
d
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v
ices
[
1
,
2
]
.
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s
p
ite
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f
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p
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lt
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B
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w
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p
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r
o
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attin
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w
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s
t
h
e
o
th
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w
a
v
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k
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r
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ac
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p
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T
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m
u
s
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m
lik
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B
G
s
u
r
f
ac
e
h
a
s
b
ee
n
ill
u
s
tr
ated
i
n
[
3
]
an
d
th
e
o
th
er
ex
p
lan
at
io
n
in
[
4
]
w
a
s
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u
n
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E
B
G.
T
h
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m
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p
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w
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w
as
ted
[
5
,
6
]
,
lead
s
to
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m
p
r
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v
e
a
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ten
n
a
p
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m
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ce
[
7
,
8
]
b
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aisi
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g
t
h
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ain
o
f
th
e
an
ten
n
a
[
9
,
10
]
an
d
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
in
a
n
te
n
n
a
s
ize
[
1
1
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
S
id
e
lo
b
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
a
r
r
a
y
a
n
ten
n
a
b
y
u
s
in
g
n
o
ve
l d
esig
n
o
f E
B
G
(
M.
K
.
A
b
d
u
lh
a
mee
d
)
309
Du
r
in
g
th
e
las
t
d
ec
ad
es,
m
an
y
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
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ed
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o
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:
p
laci
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n
ad
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itio
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d
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tr
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y
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v
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p
atch
[
1
2
]
,
o
r
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p
tim
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h
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p
atch
s
h
ap
e
[
1
3
]
.
D
r
illi
n
g
a
n
air
c
av
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b
el
o
w
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a
lo
w
ef
f
ec
tiv
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d
ielec
tr
ic
co
n
s
ta
n
t
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ac
t
cir
cu
it
d
esi
g
n
i
s
b
est
ac
h
iev
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ig
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ta
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b
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ates.
As
t
h
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t
h
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r
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ac
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w
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ec
o
m
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lo
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er
[
1
5
]
,
b
u
t
th
e
s
id
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e
f
f
ec
t
f
o
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g
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th
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p
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le
m
ca
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cr
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g
t
h
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s
u
b
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r
ate
th
ick
n
es
s
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
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ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
u
s
i
n
g
E
B
G
is
a
s
u
itab
le
w
a
y
to
s
u
p
p
r
ess
t
h
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
w
av
e
s
w
h
ich
r
es
u
lt
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
h
ig
h
an
d
th
ic
k
p
er
m
itti
v
it
y
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
d
u
e
to
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
th
e
s
to
p
b
a
n
d
ar
o
u
n
d
th
e
d
esire
d
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
an
te
n
n
a.
A
lo
w
er
co
m
p
lex
an
d
m
i
n
iat
u
r
e
p
atch
an
ten
n
a
ca
n
b
e
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
th
e
m
ic
r
o
s
tr
ip
p
atch
ar
r
ay
an
ten
n
a
b
y
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
li
k
e
E
B
G,
an
d
th
e
n
r
ep
lace
th
i
s
E
B
G
b
y
t
h
e
n
e
w
d
e
s
i
g
n
w
h
ich
c
alled
T
r
ip
le
s
id
e
s
lo
t
E
B
G
(
T
SS
E
B
G)
.
W
h
en
co
n
s
i
d
er
in
g
o
n
in
s
er
tin
g
ad
d
iti
o
n
al
f
ea
t
u
r
es
to
cu
r
r
en
t
an
te
n
n
a
s
,
th
e
m
ai
n
q
u
esti
o
n
is
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
a
n
d
ad
v
an
ta
g
es o
f
d
o
in
g
s
o
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
,
a
n
o
v
el
d
esig
n
o
f
E
B
G,
h
av
e
b
ee
n
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
r
ig
in
al
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
-
li
k
e
E
B
G
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
w
it
h
co
m
p
ac
t
n
es
s
f
ea
t
u
r
e
[
1
7
,
18]
,
th
e
E
B
G
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
i
s
ca
lled
a
s
T
r
ip
le
Sid
e
Slo
tted
E
B
G
(
T
SS
E
B
G)
.
T
h
is
n
o
v
e
l
d
esi
g
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
tr
ip
le
b
an
d
g
ap
o
r
b
an
d
s
to
p
o
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
b
elo
w
1
0
GHz
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
E
B
G
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e,
w
h
ic
h
h
a
s
o
n
l
y
o
n
e
b
an
d
g
ap
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
at
6
GHz
.
A
r
r
a
y
an
te
n
n
a
h
a
s
b
ee
n
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
ed
b
y
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
l
ik
e
E
B
G
an
d
T
SS
E
B
G
f
o
r
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
s
o
f
s
id
e
lo
b
es,
b
ac
k
w
ar
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
,
an
d
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
p
o
w
er
w
as
ted
.
A
ll
o
f
th
e
s
e
lead
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
an
te
n
n
a
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Du
e
to
th
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
v
ias
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
p
atch
an
d
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e,
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
li
k
e
E
B
G
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
in
cr
ea
s
es
m
a
n
u
f
ac
t
u
r
in
g
co
s
t
an
d
co
m
p
le
x
i
t
y
.
B
y
r
ep
laci
n
g
e
v
e
r
y
f
o
u
r
ce
lls
o
f
t
h
e
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
lik
e
E
B
G
b
y
o
n
e
ce
ll
o
f
tr
ip
l
e
s
id
e
s
lo
tted
E
B
G
(
T
SS
E
B
G)
,
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
i
n
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
u
n
it c
el
ls
a
n
d
v
ia
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ac
h
iev
ed
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
o
r
ig
in
al
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
th
is
p
ap
er
is
t
h
e
r
ed
u
ct
io
n
o
f
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
v
ias
,
w
h
ic
h
le
ad
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
c
o
lu
m
n
s
an
d
r
o
w
s
o
f
E
B
Gs
in
ca
s
e
o
f
u
s
ed
T
SS
E
B
G
in
s
tead
o
f
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
li
k
e
E
B
G
.
2.
CO
NF
I
G
URA
T
I
O
NS O
F
2
D
-
E
B
G
I
n
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
w
e
d
esi
g
n
ed
t
wo
ty
p
es o
f
E
B
G
at
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
6
GHz
,
f
ir
s
t o
n
e
is
ca
lled
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
li
k
e
E
B
G
an
d
th
e
o
th
er
h
as
b
ee
n
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
r
ig
i
n
al
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
E
B
G
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
w
h
ich
i
s
ca
lled
tr
ip
le
s
id
e
s
lo
tted
(
T
SS
-
E
B
G)
.
2
.
1
.
M
us
hro
o
m
li
k
e
E
B
G
des
ig
n
T
h
e
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
lik
e
E
B
G
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
f
o
u
r
m
ai
n
p
ar
ts
;
p
atch
w
id
t
h
(
W
)
,
g
r
o
u
n
d
,
d
ielec
tr
ic
co
n
s
ta
n
t
(
r
)
,
th
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
o
r
th
ic
k
n
e
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
(
h
)
,
an
d
co
n
n
ec
ti
n
g
p
in
v
ia
s
.
An
L
C
f
ilter
m
o
d
el
ca
n
b
e
ap
p
lied
f
o
r
th
e
ex
p
lan
atio
n
o
f
it
s
o
p
er
atin
g
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
.
A
d
is
ti
n
ct
f
e
at
u
r
e
o
f
b
an
d
g
ap
w
as
e
x
h
ib
ited
b
y
t
h
ese
E
B
G
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
es,
w
er
e
s
u
p
p
r
ess
ed
th
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
w
av
es
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
.
I
n
d
u
cto
r
(
L
)
is
d
u
e
to
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
f
lo
w
in
g
i
n
th
e
p
in
v
ia
s
,
w
h
er
ea
s
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
t
h
e
g
ap
(
g
)
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
E
B
G
p
atch
es
r
es
u
lted
in
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
(
C
)
.
A
t
th
e
r
eso
n
an
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
,
th
e
i
m
p
ed
an
c
e
is
v
er
y
h
ig
h
,
th
u
s
t
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
p
r
ev
en
ts
th
e
e
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
an
y
s
u
r
f
ac
e
w
av
e
s
[
3
,
19
]
.
A
b
an
d
g
ap
o
f
t
h
e
E
B
G
ca
n
b
e
g
e
n
er
a
ted
f
o
r
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
at
th
e
s
a
m
e
b
an
d
o
f
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
b
y
p
laci
n
g
t
h
e
(
E
B
Gs)
p
er
io
d
icall
y
o
n
t
h
e
an
te
n
n
a
s
u
b
s
tr
ate.
An
te
n
n
a
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
t
h
at
r
es
u
lt
s
f
r
o
m
th
i
s
d
es
ig
n
ca
n
p
r
ev
en
t
t
h
e
e
x
cited
s
u
r
f
ac
e
w
a
v
e
s
alo
n
g
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
.
T
h
e
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
l
in
e
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
p
lan
e
w
a
v
es
ad
d
itio
n
al
to
s
u
r
f
ac
e
w
a
v
es
h
a
s
b
ee
n
u
s
ed
to
co
v
er
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
6
GHz
.
T
h
e
o
p
tim
izat
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
E
B
G
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
s
w
it
h
a
ll
d
etails
h
a
s
b
ee
n
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
i
n
[
2
0
]
.
U
s
in
g
t
h
e
m
icr
o
s
tr
ip
tr
an
s
m
i
s
s
io
n
li
n
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
w
h
ic
h
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
m
u
t
u
al
co
u
p
lin
g
w
it
h
in
t
w
o
ed
g
es
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
a)
.
T
h
e
E
B
G
s
u
r
f
ac
e
m
u
t
u
al
co
u
p
lin
g
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
,
r
ep
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
b
a
n
d
g
ap
ch
ar
ac
ter
i
s
tics
of
th
e
E
B
G
w
it
h
o
p
ti
m
ized
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
,
w
h
er
e
E
B
G
w
id
t
h
W
=
3
m
m
(
0
.
0
6
λ
o
),
g
=
0
.
3
m
m
(
0
.
0
0
6
λ
o
)
,
v
ia
r
ad
iu
s
o
f
0
.
5
m
m
(
0
.
0
1
λ
o
)
,
a
R
o
g
er
s
R
T
/Du
r
o
id
6
0
1
0
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
th
ic
k
n
e
s
s
h
=2
.
7
4
m
m
(
0
.
0
5
λ
o
)
an
d
r
elativ
e
p
er
m
itti
v
it
y
o
f
1
0
.
2
.
I
n
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
in
s
er
ted
th
e
p
in
v
ias
,
th
e
E
B
G
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
r
ej
ec
ts
th
e
s
u
r
f
ac
e
wav
e
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
.
2
.
2
.
T
riple
s
i
de
s
lo
t
t
ed
E
B
G
(
T
S
SE
B
G
)
de
s
ig
n
A
n
e
w
s
h
ap
e
o
f
2
D
-
E
B
G
is
p
r
esen
ted
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
it
h
f
a
m
iliar
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
lik
e
-
E
B
G
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
h
e
n
o
v
el
d
esig
n
o
f
T
r
ip
le
Sid
e
Slo
tted
E
B
G
(
T
SS
E
B
G)
,
h
av
e
b
ee
n
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
r
ig
in
al
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
E
B
G
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e.
C
o
m
p
lex
i
t
y
r
ed
u
ctio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
ac
h
iev
e
d
b
y
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
u
n
i
t
ce
lls
an
d
v
ias,
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
r
ep
lace
d
ev
er
y
f
o
u
r
ce
lls
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
a
l
m
u
s
h
r
o
o
m
lik
e
E
B
G
w
it
h
o
n
e
ce
ll
o
f
tr
ip
le
s
id
e
s
lo
tted
E
B
G
(
T
SS
E
B
G)
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
2
(
a)
.
T
SS
E
B
G
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
p
atc
h
a
n
d
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
lo
ts
,
th
e
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
th
e
tr
an
s
v
er
s
e
s
lo
t a
n
d
i
n
d
u
c
tan
ce
b
y
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
h
ap
es
s
lo
t
s
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
w
id
t
h
o
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I
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&
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p
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1
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Feb
r
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ts
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f
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a
l
-
b
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J
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LA
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p
p
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,”
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n
t
J
El
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g
.
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l.
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p
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[3
]
S
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n
p
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r
D
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,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
Hig
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imp
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c
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e
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re
q
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n
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y
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d
,”
IEE
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T
ra
n
s
M
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[4
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Ya
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.,
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tu
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n
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s
a
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p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
m
icro
w
a
v
e
c
ircu
it
s,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s M
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o
w
T
h
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ry
T
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c
h
.
,
v
o
l.
47
,
p
p
.
1
5
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-
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,
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9
9
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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a
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Co
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,”
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[7
]
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.
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t
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l
.,
“
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stra
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,”
IEE
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T
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n
s M
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T
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h
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47
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p
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[8
]
Ne
o
C
.
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d
Lee
Y
.
H.
,
“
P
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t
u
sin
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m
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k
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EB
G
stru
c
tu
re
s
,”
I
EE
E
An
ten
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s
Pro
p
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v
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1
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[9
]
Eb
g
W
.
a
n
d
Re
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to
r
V
.
,
“
G
a
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e
m
e
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t
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f
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As
A
rra
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b
y
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sin
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Cu
rv
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In
t
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C
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p
p
.
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[1
0
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A
b
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lh
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d
M
.
K
.
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t
a
l
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to
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r
C
-
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d
S
a
telli
t
e
A
p
p
li
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a
ti
o
n
,”
I
n
t
J
El
e
c
tr
Co
m
p
u
t
En
g
.
,
v
o
l
.
8
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2
0
1
8
.
[1
1
]
Zaid
J
.
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
M
in
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u
rize
d
M
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c
ro
strip
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a
tch
A
n
ten
n
a
Us
in
g
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tro
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a
g
n
e
ti
c
Ba
n
d
G
a
p
(EB
G
)
stru
c
tu
re
s
f
o
r
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u
lt
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p
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rt
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a
ss
iv
e
UH
F
RF
ID
-
T
a
g
A
p
p
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c
a
ti
o
n
s
,”
IEE
E
,
p
p
.
2
4
5
9
-
60
,
2
0
1
7
.
[1
2
]
A
le
x
ó
p
o
u
l
o
s
N
.
G
.
a
n
d
Ja
c
k
so
n
D
.
R.
,
“
F
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
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u
p
e
rstra
te
(Co
v
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r)
Eff
e
c
t
s
o
n
P
rin
ted
Circ
u
it
A
n
ten
n
a
s
,”
IEE
E
T
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n
s A
n
ten
n
a
s P
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a
g
,
v
o
l.
32
,
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p
.
8
0
7
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,
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4
.
[1
3
]
Ja
c
k
so
n
D
.
R
.
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
M
icro
str
ip
P
a
tch
De
sig
n
s
T
h
a
t
Do
No
t
Ex
c
it
e
S
u
rf
a
c
e
Wav
e
s
,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
An
ten
n
a
s
Pro
p
a
g
,
v
o
l.
41
,
p
p
.
1
0
2
6
-
37
,
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9
9
3
.
[1
4
]
Yo
o
k
J
.
G
.
a
n
d
Ka
teh
i
L
.
P
.
B.
,
“
M
icro
m
a
c
h
in
e
d
m
i
c
ro
strip
p
a
t
c
h
a
n
ten
n
a
w
it
h
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
d
m
u
tu
a
l
c
o
u
p
li
n
g
a
n
d
su
rf
a
c
e
wa
v
e
s
,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
An
te
n
n
a
s
Pro
p
a
g
.
,
v
o
l
.
49
,
p
p
.
1
2
8
2
-
9
,
2
0
0
1
.
[1
5
]
W
e
il
e
D
.
S.
,
“
El
e
c
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
Ba
n
d
G
a
p
S
tru
c
tu
re
s
in
A
n
ten
n
a
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
[
Re
v
iew
s
a
n
d
a
b
stra
c
ts]
,”
IEE
E
An
ten
n
a
s P
r
o
p
a
g
M
a
g
.
,
v
o
l.
55
,
p
p
.
1
5
2
-
3
,
2
0
1
3
.
[1
6
]
Ro
n
g
H
.
a
n
d
W
a
n
g
Q.
,
“
W
id
e
st
o
p
b
a
n
d
m
in
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rize
d
“
I”
-
t
y
p
e
d
E
BG
w
it
h
D
G
S
,”
M
icr
o
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Op
t
T
e
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tt
.
,
v
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l.
60
,
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p
.
44
-
50
,
2
0
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7
.
[1
7
]
Ya
n
g
F
.
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
S
tep
-
li
k
e
stru
c
tu
re
a
n
d
EBG
stru
c
tu
re
to
im
p
ro
v
e
th
e
p
e
r
f
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
p
a
tch
a
n
ten
n
a
s
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n
h
ig
h
d
iele
c
tri
c
su
b
stra
te
,”
IEE
E
An
ten
n
a
s
Pro
p
a
g
S
o
c
In
t
S
y
mp
2
0
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1
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(
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)
,
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l.
2
,
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p
.
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0
0
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.
[1
8
]
A
b
d
u
lh
a
m
e
e
d
M
.
K
.
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
Im
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
M
icro
strip
A
n
ten
n
a
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
n
T
h
ick
a
n
d
Hi
g
h
P
e
rm
it
ti
v
it
y
S
u
b
stra
te w
it
h
El
e
c
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
Ba
n
d
G
a
p
,”
J
o
u
r A
d
v
Res
Dy
n
Co
n
tro
l
S
y
st.
,
v
o
l.
10
,
p
p
.
6
6
1
-
9
,
2
0
1
8
.
[1
9
]
A
b
d
u
lh
a
m
e
e
d
M
.
K
.
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
Re
v
ie
w
o
f
Ra
d
iatio
n
P
a
tt
e
rn
C
o
n
t
ro
l
Ch
a
ra
c
teristics
f
o
r
T
h
e
M
icro
strip
A
n
te
n
n
a
Ba
se
d
On
El
e
c
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
Ba
n
d
G
a
p
(EB
)
,”
J
T
e
lec
o
mm
u
n
El
e
c
tro
n
C
o
mp
u
t
E
n
g
.
,
v
o
l.
10
,
p
p
.
1
2
9
-
40
,
2
0
1
8
.
[2
0
]
A
b
d
u
lh
a
m
e
e
d
M
.
K
.
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
Ra
d
iatio
n
P
a
tt
e
rn
Co
n
tro
l
o
f
M
icro
strip
A
n
ten
n
a
in
El
e
v
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
A
z
i
m
u
th
P
lan
e
s
Us
in
g
EBG
a
n
d
P
in
Di
o
d
e
,”
I
n
t
J
El
e
c
tr
C
o
mp
u
t
En
g
.
,
v
o
l.
9
,
2
0
1
9
.
[2
1
]
Isk
a
n
d
e
r
D
.
N
.
E
.,
e
t
al
.,
“
M
icro
strip
a
rra
y
a
n
ten
n
a
w
it
h
n
e
w
2
D
-
El
e
c
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
b
a
n
d
g
a
p
str
u
c
tu
re
sh
a
p
e
s
to
re
d
u
c
e
h
a
rm
o
n
ics
a
n
d
m
u
tu
a
l
c
o
u
p
li
n
g
,”
Pr
o
g
E
lec
tro
ma
g
n
Res
C.
,
v
o
l.
12
,
p
p
.
2
0
3
-
13
,
2
0
1
0
.
[2
2
]
Zh
a
n
g
X
.
a
n
d
Ya
n
g
F
.
,
“
S
t
u
d
y
o
f
a
slit
c
u
t
o
n
a
m
icro
strip
a
n
ten
n
a
a
n
d
it
s
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,”
M
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