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1
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[
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o
r
th
e
m
icr
o
g
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
v
o
ltag
e
m
ai
n
tai
n
e
d
b
y
t
h
e
D
G
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
co
n
s
e
q
u
en
tl
y
t
h
e
q
u
a
lit
y
o
f
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
g
et
s
d
ep
r
iv
ed
u
n
d
er
s
u
c
h
cir
cu
m
s
ta
n
ce
s
[
1
7
]
.
Ma
n
y
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
ies
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
th
e
li
ter
atu
r
e
f
o
r
attai
n
i
n
g
s
m
o
o
th
tr
an
s
itio
n
b
et
w
e
en
t
h
e
o
p
er
atin
g
m
o
d
es
o
f
m
icr
o
g
r
id
[
1
8
-
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
in
v
er
ter
is
co
n
tr
o
lled
a
s
a
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
o
u
r
ce
in
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
m
o
d
e
f
o
r
tr
an
s
f
er
r
in
g
p
o
w
er
to
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
an
d
as
a
v
o
lta
g
e
s
o
u
r
ce
d
u
r
in
g
i
s
lan
d
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
f
o
r
m
ai
n
tai
n
i
n
g
v
o
lta
g
e
w
it
h
in
t
h
e
li
m
its
.
Sep
ar
ate
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
ar
e
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
th
e
t
w
o
m
o
d
es
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
th
e
s
w
itc
h
i
n
g
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
ac
tio
n
s
lead
s
to
p
o
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
q
u
alit
y
esp
ec
iall
y
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
tr
a
n
s
ie
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
2
2
,
2
3
]
.
F
o
r
s
e
am
l
ess
t
r
an
s
i
t
i
o
n
b
e
tw
ee
n
th
e
m
o
d
e
s
,
v
o
l
t
ag
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
b
a
s
e
d
d
r
o
o
p
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
s
a
r
e
em
p
lo
y
e
d
[
2
4
]
.
Dr
o
o
p
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
s
th
at
ar
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
[
2
5
]
f
o
r
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
h
ar
in
g
a
m
o
n
g
t
h
e
DG
s
y
s
te
m
s
th
at
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
p
ar
allel
to
f
ee
d
th
e
to
tal
co
n
n
ec
ted
lo
ad
,
lead
s
to
p
o
o
r
d
y
n
a
m
ics.
A
Ma
s
ter
-
s
la
v
e
co
n
tr
o
l
is
a
n
o
th
er
co
m
m
o
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
m
icr
o
g
r
id
w
h
er
e
a
Ma
s
ter
u
n
i
t
i.e
.
,
t
h
e
Vo
lta
g
e
So
u
r
ce
I
n
v
er
ter
(
VSI
)
w
h
ic
h
i
s
b
ei
n
g
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
P
Q
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
f
o
r
r
eg
u
lati
n
g
th
e
r
ea
l
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
f
ed
in
to
th
e
g
r
id
an
d
u
n
d
er
is
lan
d
i
n
g
m
o
d
e,
th
e
m
aster
u
n
i
t
is
to
b
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
as
Vo
ltag
e/
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
(V
-
f
)
co
n
t
r
o
l
f
o
r
m
ain
tain
in
g
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
[
2
6
]
.
A
n
o
v
el
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
e
m
e
h
as
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
[
2
7
]
w
h
ic
h
co
n
s
i
s
t
o
f
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
as
o
u
ter
lo
o
p
an
d
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
ller
as
in
n
er
l
o
o
p
f
o
r
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
q
u
a
li
t
y
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
tr
an
s
itio
n
.
I
n
an
o
t
h
er
co
n
tr
o
l
s
c
h
e
m
e
[
2
8
]
,
th
e
in
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
c
u
r
r
en
t
is
b
ein
g
co
n
tr
o
lled
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
f
ed
to
th
e
u
til
it
y
is
r
eg
u
lated
w
it
h
t
h
e
h
elp
o
f
t
h
e
f
ilter
i
n
d
u
cto
r
c
u
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
w
h
ic
h
in
t
u
r
n
co
n
tr
o
ls
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
h
e
n
ce
th
e
m
icr
o
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
q
u
a
lit
y
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
m
o
d
e
tr
an
s
itio
n
.
I
n
[
1
7
]
,
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
f
ed
to
th
e
u
til
it
y
g
r
id
is
r
eg
u
lated
in
d
ir
ec
tl
y
b
y
h
a
v
in
g
p
r
o
p
er
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
f
i
lter
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
So
am
o
n
g
t
h
e
ex
i
s
ti
n
g
i
n
v
er
ter
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
f
o
r
ac
h
ie
v
i
n
g
s
ea
m
les
s
tr
an
s
f
er
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
m
o
d
es
a
n
d
als
o
to
m
a
in
ta
in
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
t
h
at
ap
p
ea
r
s
ac
r
o
s
s
t
h
e
lo
ad
d
u
r
in
g
tr
an
s
itio
n
,
o
u
tp
u
t c
u
r
r
e
n
t c
o
n
tr
o
l a
n
d
i
n
d
ir
ec
t c
u
r
r
en
t c
o
n
tr
o
l o
r
g
r
id
cu
r
r
en
t c
o
n
tr
o
l stra
teg
y
h
as b
ee
n
p
r
ef
er
r
ed
m
o
s
t
l
y
.
I
n
th
i
s
p
ap
er
,
th
e
d
esig
n
a
n
d
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
t
w
o
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ies
n
a
m
el
y
,
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
in
d
ir
ec
t
g
r
id
cu
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
ar
e
ex
p
lo
r
ed
f
o
r
th
e
s
u
itab
ilit
y
i
n
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
m
icr
o
g
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
ca
s
ca
d
ed
c
o
n
tr
o
l
lo
o
p
s
ar
e
d
esig
n
ed
b
a
s
ed
o
n
P
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
I
n
te
g
r
al
(
P
I
)
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
.
C
o
n
tr
o
l
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
lo
o
p
s
ar
e
d
esig
n
ed
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
te
m
to
o
lb
o
x
in
MA
T
L
A
B
.
A
1
0
k
W
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
m
icr
o
g
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
h
a
s
b
ee
n
d
esig
n
ed
an
d
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
s
t
u
d
i
es
ar
e
b
ein
g
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
in
MA
T
L
A
B
/S
i
m
u
li
n
k
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
u
n
d
er
g
r
i
d
co
n
n
ec
ted
o
p
er
atio
n
,
is
lan
d
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
th
e
tr
an
s
itio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
m
o
d
es,
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
f
a
u
lt
co
n
d
i
tio
n
in
t
h
e
g
r
id
s
id
e
ar
e
p
r
e
s
en
ted
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
th
i
s
p
ap
er
is
th
at,
s
i
m
u
l
atio
n
s
tu
d
ie
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
i
n
g
b
o
th
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
an
d
th
e
r
es
u
lt
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
te
d
to
v
alid
ate
th
e
d
esi
g
n
m
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
d
ea
ls
w
it
h
d
esig
n
,
an
al
y
s
is
a
n
d
s
i
m
u
latio
n
s
t
u
d
i
es
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
ies
f
o
r
s
ea
m
les
s
tr
an
s
f
er
i
n
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
m
ic
r
o
g
r
id
s
y
s
te
m
.
Sectio
n
2
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
m
o
d
elli
n
g
o
f
t
h
r
ee
p
h
a
s
e
in
v
er
ter
s
y
s
te
m
.
C
o
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
f
o
r
s
ea
m
le
s
s
tr
an
s
f
er
ar
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
i
n
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
Sec
tio
n
s
4
a
n
d
5
d
ea
ls
w
it
h
t
h
e
a
n
a
l
y
s
is
an
d
d
esig
n
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l
p
ar
am
eter
s
f
o
r
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
Sim
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
6
.
Sectio
n
7
p
r
o
p
o
s
es th
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
.
2.
M
O
DE
L
L
I
N
G
O
F
A
T
H
RE
E
P
H
ASE
I
NV
E
RT
E
R
SY
S
T
E
M
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
s
tag
e
o
f
a
t
h
r
ee
p
h
ase
in
v
er
ter
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
m
o
d
elle
d
b
ased
o
n
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
f
r
a
m
e
an
d
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ate
g
ies
f
o
r
th
e
s
ea
m
less
tr
a
n
s
i
tio
n
u
s
i
n
g
i
n
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
c
u
r
r
en
t
c
o
n
tr
o
l
as
w
el
l
as
th
e
in
d
ir
ec
t c
u
r
r
en
t c
o
n
tr
o
l a
r
e
p
r
esen
ted
.
2
.
1
.
P
o
w
er
s
t
a
g
e
o
f
a
t
hree
ph
a
s
e
inv
er
t
er
in
m
icro
g
rid
T
h
e
p
o
w
er
s
ta
g
e
o
f
a
t
h
r
ee
p
h
ase
MG
s
y
s
te
m
is
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
s
id
e
o
f
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
a
s
tiff
d
c
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
ca
n
b
e
o
f
s
o
lar
P
V/
f
u
el
ce
ll
o
r
an
y
r
e
n
e
w
ab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
ese
s
o
u
r
ce
s
a
r
e
v
er
y
le
s
s
a
n
d
n
ee
d
s
b
e
b
o
o
s
ted
to
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
lev
el
w
it
h
th
e
h
elp
o
f
th
e
DC
-
D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
.
A
v
o
ltag
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
attain
th
e
d
esire
d
d
c
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
w
h
ic
h
is
n
o
t d
ea
lt in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
.
T
h
e
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I
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ated
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2
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(
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
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g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
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V
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La
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4493
W
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CO
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3
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1
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r
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ase
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r
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n
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o
l
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
4
4
9
0
-
4506
4494
T
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ates
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s
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ased
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m
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.
3
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2
.
I
nd
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curr
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s
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m
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t
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er
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h
e
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tr
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m
o
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th
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d
ir
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s
ch
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m
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is
s
h
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w
n
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Fi
g
u
r
e
4
.
Sea
m
le
s
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s
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ased
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s
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ca
p
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g
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ito
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o
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e
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o
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d
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e
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m
o
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t
f
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th
e
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ce
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d
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r
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g
o
in
g
to
b
e
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
li
m
it
s
.
T
h
e
in
n
er
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e
lo
o
p
is
a
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
w
h
ic
h
g
e
n
er
ates
th
e
r
ef
er
e
n
c
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
i
n
d
a
n
d
q
a
x
is
f
o
r
th
e
i
n
n
er
m
o
s
t
f
ilter
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
lo
o
p
.
T
h
e
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
lo
o
p
is
a
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
w
h
ic
h
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
th
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
ig
n
al
in
d
q
f
r
a
m
e.
T
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
ig
n
al
i
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ed
in
to
‘
ab
c
’
f
r
a
m
e
u
s
in
g
d
q
-
ab
c
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
th
e
n
g
i
v
en
to
P
W
M
g
en
er
ato
r
f
o
r
g
en
er
atin
g
th
e
f
ir
i
n
g
p
u
ls
es
f
o
r
th
e
i
n
v
e
r
ter
s
w
itc
h
es.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
I
n
d
ir
ec
t g
r
id
cu
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l sch
e
m
e
W
h
en
t
h
e
m
ai
n
g
r
id
i
s
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
w
it
h
o
u
t
a
n
y
f
au
l
ts
,
t
h
e
MG
is
tr
ea
ted
as
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
as
to
f
ee
d
in
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
ac
ti
v
e
an
d
r
ea
c
tiv
e
p
o
w
er
to
th
e
g
r
id
.
T
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
s
i
n
d
an
d
q
a
x
i
s
ca
n
b
e
ca
lc
u
lated
b
ased
o
n
th
e
co
m
p
le
x
p
o
w
er
t
h
at
i
s
to
b
e
f
ed
to
t
h
e
g
r
id
.
T
h
e
g
r
id
cu
r
r
e
n
t
i
s
co
n
tr
o
lled
u
s
i
n
g
a
P
I
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
co
u
p
lin
g
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
d
u
e
to
th
e
g
r
id
s
id
e
in
d
u
cto
r
L
g
is
b
ein
g
atte
n
u
ated
b
y
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
i
n
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l lo
o
p
.
W
h
en
an
y
f
a
u
lt
o
cc
u
r
s
i
n
t
h
e
g
r
id
s
id
e,
th
e
u
t
il
it
y
s
id
e
s
w
i
tch
,
S
g
o
p
en
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
MG
is
m
o
v
in
g
to
is
lan
d
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
in
v
er
ter
s
w
itc
h
S
i
is
s
till
in
th
e
clo
s
ed
p
o
s
itio
n
as
th
e
MG
h
as
to
co
n
f
ir
m
th
e
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
o
f
i
s
lan
d
i
n
g
.
T
h
e
s
w
itc
h
S
i
o
p
en
s
,
o
n
ce
t
h
e
i
s
lan
d
i
n
g
is
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
b
y
th
e
i
s
lan
d
i
n
g
d
etec
tio
n
m
et
h
o
d
.
T
h
e
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
w
er
in
j
ec
ted
in
to
t
h
e
g
r
id
is
g
i
v
en
b
y
(
6
)
an
d
(
7
)
.
=
3
2
.
(
+
)
=
3
2
.
(
6
)
=
3
2
.
(
−
)
=
−
3
2
.
(
7
)
I
n
is
la
n
d
in
g
m
o
d
e
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
e
s
w
itc
h
es
S
i
a
n
d
S
g
ar
e
o
p
en
an
d
P
L
L
ca
n
n
o
t
tr
ac
k
th
e
g
r
id
p
h
ase
an
g
le.
U
n
d
er
th
i
s
co
n
d
itio
n
,
t
h
e
MG
i
s
o
p
er
ated
as
a
v
o
lta
g
e
s
o
u
r
ce
a
n
d
t
h
er
ef
o
r
e
v
o
lta
g
e
f
ix
ed
b
y
th
e
li
m
ite
r
ac
ts
as
t
h
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
v
o
lta
g
e
.
P
L
L
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
a
P
I
co
n
t
r
o
ller
an
d
a
li
m
iter
,
w
h
ic
h
i
s
u
s
ed
to
r
eg
u
late
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
w
it
h
i
n
allo
w
ab
le
li
m
it
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
C
o
n
tr
o
l str
a
teg
ies fo
r
s
ea
mles
s
tr
a
n
s
fer b
etw
ee
n
th
e
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
a
n
d
is
la
n
d
e
d
mo
d
es
o
f
...
(
V
.
La
va
n
ya
)
4495
4.
ANALY
SI
S
AND
D
E
S
I
G
N
O
F
CO
NT
RO
L
P
A
RAM
E
T
E
RS
O
F
O
U
T
P
UT
CURR
E
NT
B
AS
E
D
SE
AM
L
E
S
S T
RA
NSFE
R
4
.
1
.
Desig
n o
f
v
o
lt
a
g
e
m
a
g
nitude
li
m
it
er
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
li
m
iter
p
r
ese
n
t
i
n
th
e
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
an
d
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
is
u
s
ed
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
s
tab
ilize
d
v
o
ltag
e
w
it
h
o
u
t
an
y
d
ev
iatio
n
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
g
et
s
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
f
r
o
m
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
m
o
d
e
to
is
l
an
d
ed
m
o
d
e.
As
p
er
th
e
I
E
E
E
s
tan
d
ar
d
1
5
4
7
_
2
0
1
8
[
2
9
]
,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
li
m
iter
in
d
an
d
q
ax
is
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
(
8
)
an
d
(
9
)
.
,
=
1
.
1
∗
√
2
∗
(
8
)
,
=
0
.
9
∗
√
2
∗
(
9
)
w
h
er
e,
,
an
d
,
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
a
n
d
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
v
alu
es
o
f
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
m
a
g
n
i
t
u
d
e
in
th
e
d
ax
is
,
is
th
e
n
o
m
in
a
l
p
er
p
h
ase
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e.
W
h
e
n
th
e
MG
tr
an
s
f
er
s
f
r
o
m
g
r
id
co
n
n
e
cted
m
o
d
e
to
is
lan
d
ed
m
o
d
e,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
li
m
iter
i
n
t
h
e
q
ax
is
i
s
to
b
e
d
esig
n
ed
b
ased
o
n
(
1
0
)
an
d
(
1
1
)
,
s
o
th
at
th
e
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
i
s
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
n
o
r
m
al
r
a
n
g
e.
,
=
+
(
1
0
)
,
=
−
(
1
1
)
w
h
er
e,
,
an
d
,
re
p
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
a
n
d
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
v
al
u
es o
f
v
o
lta
g
e
i
n
q
ax
is
.
4
.
2
.
Desig
n o
f
f
re
qu
ency
/ pha
s
e
l
i
m
it
er
T
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
a
n
d
p
h
ase
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
id
v
o
lta
g
e
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
w
it
h
th
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
r
a
m
e
b
ased
P
L
L
,
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
MG
s
y
s
t
e
m
is
o
p
er
atin
g
in
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
m
o
d
e.
W
h
en
t
h
e
f
au
lt
o
cc
u
r
s
i
n
th
e
g
r
id
s
id
e,
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
an
d
p
h
a
s
e
m
a
y
g
et
d
ev
iated
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
t
o
li
m
it
th
e
d
ev
iatio
n
s
b
e
y
o
n
d
a
lev
el
,
a
li
m
iter
is
b
ei
n
g
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
to
r
estrict
t
h
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
a
n
d
p
h
ase
d
e
v
iatio
n
s
d
u
r
in
g
i
s
lan
d
i
n
g
.
T
h
e
b
asic
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
SR
F
-
P
L
L
i
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
S
R
F
-
P
L
L
4
.
3
.
Desig
n o
f
f
ilte
r
a
nd
co
ntr
o
l l
o
o
ps
T
h
e
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
u
s
ed
i
n
t
h
e
DG
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
s
id
er
ed
is
g
iv
e
n
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
f
ilter
an
d
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l lo
o
p
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
d
esig
n
ed
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
D
G
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
.
T
ab
le
1
.
P
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
t
h
e
M
G
s
y
s
te
m
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
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mb
o
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e
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7
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u
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r
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.
1
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f
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r
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k
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r
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r
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(
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r
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t
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d
5
kW
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
10
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
2
0
2
0
:
4
4
9
0
-
4506
4496
4
.
3
.
1
.
Desig
n o
f
L
CL
f
ilte
r
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
t
h
r
ee
p
h
ase
i
n
v
er
ter
i
s
f
il
ter
ed
w
it
h
th
e
h
elp
o
f
L
C
L
f
i
lter
[
3
0
]
t
o
s
u
p
p
r
ess
th
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
d
u
e
to
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
p
o
w
er
elec
t
r
o
n
ic
in
ter
f
ac
e.
T
h
e
b
ase
i
m
p
e
d
an
ce
an
d
th
e
b
ase
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
(
1
2
)
an
d
(
1
3
)
.
=
−
2
(
1
2
)
=
1
(
1
3
)
As
th
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
v
ar
iatio
n
s
ee
n
b
y
th
e
g
r
i
d
is
5
%,
th
e
f
ilter
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
ca
n
b
e
d
esig
n
ed
b
ased
o
n
(
1
4
)
.
=
0
.
05
∗
(
1
4
)
T
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
r
ip
p
le
allo
w
ab
le
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
1
0
%
o
f
t
h
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
r
ated
c
u
r
r
en
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
ip
p
le
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