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I
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11
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Dec
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P
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co
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1.
I
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RO
D
UCT
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Dis
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ib
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g
en
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ato
r
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t
h
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p
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f
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v
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id
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tag
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ca
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lead
to
g
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ato
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is
lan
d
s
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
Sin
ce
th
e
l
o
s
s
o
f
th
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n
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w
o
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k
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ce
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[3
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,
[
4
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I
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s
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ciate
d
w
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k
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t
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m
:
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eq
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t
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ca
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f
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eq
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lem
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I
SS
N
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2
0
8
8
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8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
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m
p
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n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
4
7
5
9
-
4
7
6
6
4760
T
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SF
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Fig
u
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1
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2.
SANDI
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F
RE
Q
U
E
NCY
SH
I
F
T
(
SFS)
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
i
s
la
n
d
in
g
d
ete
ctio
n
,
also
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
ac
ti
v
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
d
r
if
t
w
it
h
p
o
s
iti
v
e
f
e
ed
b
ac
k
,
is
an
ex
te
n
s
io
n
o
f
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
b
ias
m
et
h
o
d
[7
]
,
[
8
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
th
e
SF
S
m
et
h
o
d
u
s
es
p
o
s
it
iv
e
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
.
T
h
is
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
w
il
l
b
e
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
p
o
in
t
a
n
d
will
tr
y
to
g
e
n
er
ate
in
ter
f
er
e
n
ce
o
n
t
h
e
g
r
id
b
y
c
h
an
g
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
c
u
r
r
en
t
to
d
etec
t
is
la
n
d
in
g
m
o
r
e
q
u
ick
l
y
[
8
]
,
[
9
]
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
s
et
th
e
in
v
er
ter
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
to
a
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
s
tr
ate
g
y
t
h
an
t
h
e
g
r
id
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
,
th
e
in
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t s
h
ap
e
is
s
m
o
o
th
l
y
ad
d
ed
o
r
s
w
itch
ed
o
f
f
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
ex
a
m
p
le
o
f
th
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
in
v
er
ter
w
it
h
a
n
u
n
d
i
s
to
r
ted
s
in
e
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
f
o
r
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
.
Du
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
h
alf
o
f
th
e
c
y
cle,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
th
e
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
a
s
in
e
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
w
i
th
a
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
h
ig
h
er
th
a
n
t
h
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
th
e
p
o
in
t
o
f
co
m
m
o
n
co
u
p
lin
g
(
P
C
C
)
v
o
lta
g
e.
I
f
th
e
P
V
in
v
er
ter
'
s
o
u
tp
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
r
e
a
c
h
e
s
z
e
r
o
,
i
t
s
t
a
y
s
a
t
z
e
r
o
f
o
r
t
h
e
t
i
m
e
t
z
b
e
f
o
r
e
s
t
a
r
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
h
a
l
f
o
f
t
h
e
c
y
c
l
e
.
T
h
e
h
i
g
h
e
r
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
a
l
s
o
a
p
p
l
i
e
s
t
o
t
h
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
h
a
l
f
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
c
y
c
l
e
.
T
h
e
d
e
a
d
t
im
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
c
y
c
l
e
s
i
s
n
o
t
s
e
t
b
y
t
h
e
P
V
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
[1
2
]
,
[
1
3
].
A
p
o
s
iti
v
e
r
ea
ctio
n
is
u
s
ed
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
cu
tti
n
g
f
ac
to
r
,
w
h
ic
h
is
m
at
h
e
m
a
ticall
y
d
e
f
in
ed
as
t
h
e
r
atio
b
et
w
ee
n
ti
m
e
ze
r
o
an
d
h
alf
o
f
th
e
p
er
io
d
o
f
th
e
P
C
C
v
o
lta
g
e
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
,
2
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
=
2
(
1
)
w
it
h
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
d
e
v
i
atio
n
f
r
o
m
n
o
m
i
n
al
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
l
y
.
T
h
e
er
r
o
r
is
u
s
u
a
ll
y
c
h
o
s
en
to
b
e
a
lin
ea
r
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
P
C
C
v
o
lta
g
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
[
1
4
]
.
=
0
+
(
△
)
(
2
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
C
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I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
A
fu
z
z
y
r
u
le
b
a
s
ed
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
f
o
r
is
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n
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g
d
etec
tio
n
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g
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n
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ec
ted
i
n
ve
r
ter s
ystem
s
(
N
a
ima
I
kk
en
)
4761
=
0
+
(
−
)
(
3
)
W
h
er
e
0
is
a
ch
o
p
p
in
g
f
ac
to
r
w
h
e
n
th
er
e
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n
o
f
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eq
u
e
n
c
y
er
r
o
r
,
an
d
is
an
ac
ce
ler
ated
g
ain
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
SF
S
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
h
as
n
eit
h
er
o
d
d
n
o
r
ev
en
s
y
m
m
etr
y
;
c
o
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
t
h
er
e
w
ill
b
e
a
p
h
ase
s
h
i
f
t
o
f
t
h
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
o
f
th
is
f
o
r
m
,
w
av
e
eq
u
al
to
0
.
5
.
I
f
th
e
ze
r
o
cu
r
r
en
t
s
eg
m
e
n
ts
ar
e
s
m
all,
t
h
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
h
ar
m
o
n
ics o
f
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t a
r
e
al
s
o
s
m
all,
th
e
SF
S
cu
r
r
en
t c
a
n
b
e
ap
p
r
o
x
i
m
ated
b
y
its
s
et
o
f
o
u
t
-
of
-
p
h
ase
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
e
a
n
g
le
o
f
th
e
in
v
e
r
ter
'
s
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
c
u
r
r
en
t
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
v
ar
ies
w
i
th
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
P
C
C
,
an
d
th
e
cu
tt
in
g
f
ac
to
r
cf
[
6
]
,
[
7
]
.
(
)
=
2
=
(
4)
So
,
(
)
=
(
)
2
(
5
)
T
o
s
tay
i
n
p
h
ase
w
it
h
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
v
o
lta
g
e,
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
cu
r
r
en
t
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
i
s
r
ein
itial
ize
d
at
ev
er
y
ze
r
o
cr
o
s
s
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
w
h
e
n
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
i
s
h
i
g
h
er
t
h
an
t
h
e
g
r
id
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
t
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
w
ill
co
m
p
lete
it
s
h
al
f
c
y
cl
e
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
r
ea
ch
es
ze
r
o
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
th
e
w
a
v
ef
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
w
il
l
s
ta
y
at
ze
r
o
u
n
ti
l
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
v
o
lta
g
e
r
ea
ch
e
s
ze
r
o
,
th
en
it
w
i
ll
s
tar
t
a
n
e
w
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
h
al
f
-
c
y
cle.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
i
f
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
i
s
lo
w
er
t
h
a
n
th
at
o
f
t
h
e
m
ai
n
s
v
o
ltag
e,
t
h
e
ze
r
o
cr
o
s
s
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
w
ill
p
r
ec
ed
e
th
e
e
n
d
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
h
al
f
-
c
y
cle.
T
h
u
s
,
t
h
is
w
i
ll
r
ese
t
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
an
d
s
tar
t
a
n
e
w
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
c
y
cle.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
t
h
is
w
i
ll
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
b
r
ea
k
i
n
t
h
e
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
in
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t c
u
r
r
e
n
t [
1
5
]
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2.
C
u
r
r
en
tl
y
,
t
h
i
s
ap
p
ea
r
s
to
b
e
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
ef
f
ec
t
iv
e
p
r
o
ac
tiv
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
o
f
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
i
s
l
an
d
in
g
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
it
h
a
s
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
w
ea
k
est
Z
N
D.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
w
h
en
s
e
v
er
al
in
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
i
n
p
ar
allel
to
th
e
s
a
m
e
n
o
d
e,
it
is
ea
s
y
to
in
s
tall,
i
n
ex
p
en
s
i
v
e
an
d
al
w
a
y
s
e
f
f
icie
n
t
[
1
6
]
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
a
n
d
,
if
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
w
ea
k
g
r
id
w
h
er
e
th
e
d
is
t
r
ib
u
ted
g
en
er
atio
n
s
o
u
r
ce
is
o
f
s
o
m
e
i
m
p
o
r
tan
ce
,
th
is
m
eth
o
d
w
i
ll
r
esu
l
t
in
a
s
lig
h
t
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
t
h
e
q
u
alit
y
o
f
th
e
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
m
a
y
ca
u
s
e
u
n
d
es
ir
ab
le
in
s
tab
il
it
y
w
it
h
r
esp
ec
t
to
th
e
m
ai
n
g
r
id
en
er
g
y
[
1
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
m
et
h
o
d
r
e
m
ain
s
a
g
o
o
d
c
o
m
p
r
o
m
i
s
e
b
et
w
ee
n
w
av
e
f
o
r
m
q
u
alit
y
,
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
is
la
n
d
i
n
g
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
n
th
e
tr
a
n
s
i
en
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
w
h
e
n
th
e
l
o
ca
l
lo
ad
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
p
o
in
t
h
a
s
a
h
ig
h
er
q
u
alit
y
f
ac
to
r
,
th
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
o
f
t
h
i
s
m
et
h
o
d
w
ill
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ab
ly
r
ed
u
ce
d
[
1
7
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
W
av
ef
o
r
m
s
w
it
h
th
e
SF
S
m
et
h
o
d
[
7
]
3.
F
U
Z
Z
Y
L
O
G
I
C
CO
N
T
RO
L
L
E
R
A
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
an
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
l
t
h
at
i
s
b
ased
o
n
li
n
g
u
is
tic
co
n
tr
o
l
r
u
les
an
d
i
s
ap
p
lied
to
an
al
y
ze
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
s
i
g
n
als
.
T
h
e
f
u
zz
y
co
m
m
a
n
d
b
ase
h
as
t
h
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
to
h
an
d
le
m
o
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ip
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[
1
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h
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s
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et
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r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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:
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n
t J
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g
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Vo
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s
[
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0
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Fu
n
d
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Fig
u
r
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h
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it,
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ase
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r
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o
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m
[
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2
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h
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en
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iatio
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h
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icie
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[
2
3
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h
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[
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So
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ter
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t d
ata
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s
[
2
5
]
;
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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t
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n
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93
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v
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n
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y
0
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t
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c
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o
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.
Fig
u
r
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7
s
h
o
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th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
,
th
e
f
au
l
t si
g
n
a
l a
n
d
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
er
o
f
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
s
o
p
en
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.
,
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
is
d
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
at
=
0
.
07083
.
Af
ter
d
is
co
n
n
ec
t
io
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
r
id
,
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
v
o
lta
g
e
h
as
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
b
u
t
h
as
r
ea
ch
ed
t
h
e
s
tead
y
s
tat
e
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
p
r
o
tectio
n
th
r
es
h
o
ld
.
T
h
e
f
au
lt
s
ig
n
al
r
e
m
ai
n
s
at
0
.
So
,
w
it
h
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
tr
o
l,
th
e
S
FS
m
et
h
o
d
is
ab
le
to
d
etec
t
th
e
i
s
lan
d
i
n
g
o
p
er
atio
n
t
h
at
i
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
,
th
u
s
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
th
a
t
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
d
o
es
n
o
t
ex
ce
ed
th
e
p
r
o
tectio
n
li
m
it
s
a
n
d
al
lo
w
t
h
e
in
v
er
ter
to
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
l
y
f
ee
d
t
h
e
lo
ad
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
b
y
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
11
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
1
:
4
7
5
9
-
4
7
6
6
4764
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
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f
SF
S s
u
p
p
l
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n
g
a
lo
ca
l lo
ad
,
w
i
th
P
l
o
ad
=
1
kW
,
f
0
=
60
Hz
an
d
Q
f
=
2
.
5
An
o
th
er
s
i
m
u
latio
n
w
it
h
th
e
lo
ad
,
=
552
.
62
an
d
=
12
.
73
,
w
h
ich
g
i
v
es
t
h
e
r
eso
n
an
c
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
0
=
60
an
d
th
e
q
u
alit
y
f
ac
t
o
r
=
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
ti
m
e
d
o
m
a
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
v
o
ltag
e
,
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
,
th
e
f
a
u
l
t
s
ig
n
al
an
d
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
.
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
b
r
ea
k
er
o
f
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
s
o
p
en
,
i.e
.
,
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
is
d
is
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
at
$
t=0
.
0
7
0
8
3
$
.
A
f
t
er
d
is
co
n
n
ec
t
io
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
r
i
d
,
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
h
as
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
b
u
t
h
as
r
ea
ch
ed
th
e
s
tead
y
s
ta
te
w
ith
i
n
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
p
r
o
tectio
n
th
r
es
h
o
ld
.
T
h
e
f
au
lt
s
ig
n
al
r
e
m
ai
n
s
at
0
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d
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
l
y
f
ee
d
s
th
e
lo
ad
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
b
y
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
is
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
to
h
a
v
e
a
n
ac
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r
ate
a
n
d
f
ast co
r
r
ec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
Var
io
u
s
n
o
n
-
id
ea
l
n
et
w
o
r
k
co
n
d
itio
n
s
(
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
v
ar
iatio
n
)
w
er
e
s
i
m
u
lated
a
n
d
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
m
w
er
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
b
y
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
Fig
u
r
e
9
,
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
SF
S
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
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ca
p
ab
le
o
f
lo
ck
in
g
in
a
p
r
ec
is
e
m
a
n
n
er
.
T
h
is
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
ab
ilit
y
a
n
d
e
f
f
ici
en
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
to
co
n
ti
n
u
e
to
f
o
llo
w
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
s
i
g
n
a
l a
n
d
let
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
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n
ti
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o
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s
l
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e
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ad
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eg
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t
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o
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ab
r
u
p
t c
h
an
g
e
i
n
g
r
id
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
l
t o
f
SF
S s
u
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
a
lo
ca
l lo
ad
,
w
i
th
=
1
,
0
=
59
.
1
an
d
=
3
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
r
esu
l
t o
f
S
FS
s
u
p
p
l
y
i
n
g
a
lo
ca
l lo
ad
,
w
i
th
=
1
,
0
=
59
.
1
an
d
=
3
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
A
fu
z
z
y
r
u
le
b
a
s
ed
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
f
o
r
is
la
n
d
in
g
d
etec
tio
n
in
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
i
n
ve
r
ter s
ystem
s
(
N
a
ima
I
kk
en
)
4765
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
ca
n
b
e
d
iv
i
d
ed
in
to
t
w
o
ca
teg
o
r
ies
ca
t
eg
o
r
ies
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
ir
lo
ca
tio
n
i
n
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
i.e
.
,
lo
ca
l,
an
d
r
em
o
te
tech
n
i
q
u
es.
T
h
e
r
em
o
te
s
en
s
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
i
s
lo
ca
ted
o
n
th
e
m
ai
n
g
r
id
s
id
e,
w
h
ile
in
t
h
e
ca
s
e
o
f
lo
ca
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
,
th
e
s
en
s
i
n
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
is
ap
p
lie
d
in
th
e
in
v
er
ter
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
lo
ca
l
m
e
th
o
d
s
ar
e
cl
ass
i
f
ied
in
to
t
w
o
ca
te
g
o
r
ies:
P
ass
i
v
e
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
w
h
ich
d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
esti
m
atio
n
o
f
s
u
c
h
p
ar
am
e
ter
s
as
v
o
lta
g
e
,
cu
r
r
en
t,
an
d
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
s
,
an
d
ac
tiv
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m
et
h
o
d
s
,
w
h
ic
h
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
to
d
etec
t
is
la
n
d
in
g
.
T
h
e
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
w
as
m
o
d
ele
d
an
d
s
i
m
u
lated
u
s
in
g
P
SIM
.
Mo
d
el
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
s
u
c
h
as
h
y
s
ter
es
is
co
n
tr
o
l
b
lo
ck
s
,
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
a
n
d
r
o
o
t
-
m
ea
n
-
s
q
u
ar
e
(
R
M
S
)
,
an
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
cu
r
r
e
n
t
w
it
h
is
lan
d
i
n
g
d
etec
tio
n
m
e
th
o
d
(
I
DM
)
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
o
f
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
is
la
n
d
in
g
d
etec
tio
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
(
I
DM
s
)
,
SF
S
m
eth
o
d
,
w
it
h
lo
ad
s
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
r
eso
n
an
ce
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
a
n
d
q
u
ali
t
y
f
ac
to
r
w
a
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
to
v
er
if
y
t
h
e
t
h
eo
r
etica
l
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
.
T
h
e
ND
Z
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
r
esu
lt
s
o
f
t
h
ese
t
w
o
I
DM
s
w
er
e
p
lo
tted
to
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
m
w
it
h
t
h
e
th
eo
r
etica
l r
es
u
lt
s
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
s
a
n
d
ia
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
h
if
t
(
SF
S)
m
e
th
o
d
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
class
ical
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
n
e
w
l
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
tes
ted
o
n
d
ata
w
it
h
an
d
w
ith
o
u
t
n
o
is
e
a
n
d
is
f
o
u
n
d
to
g
i
v
e
1
0
0
%
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
i
s
lan
d
i
n
g
d
etec
tio
n
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
h
as
b
ee
n
s
elec
ted
as
it
h
a
s
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
lo
w
est
n
an
o
d
is
k
s
(
Z
ND
s
)
.
On
li
n
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
is
f
ac
il
itated
b
y
a
f
u
zz
y
r
u
le
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
E
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
w
o
u
ld
li
k
e
to
th
a
n
k
Mo
r
o
cc
an
R
esear
ch
I
n
s
ti
tu
te
f
o
r
So
lar
an
d
Ne
w
E
n
er
g
y
(
I
R
E
SEN
)
f
o
r
th
e
f
in
a
n
cial
s
u
p
p
o
r
t o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
j
ec
t o
n
6
k
VA
i
n
v
er
ter
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
A
.
Bo
u
k
n
a
d
e
l,
N.
Ik
k
e
n
,
A
.
Ha
d
d
o
u
,
N.
-
E.
Ta
rib
a
,
H
.
El
O
m
a
ri,
H
.
El
O
m
a
ri
,
“
A
n
e
w
S
O
G
I
-
P
LL
m
e
th
o
d
b
a
se
d
o
n
f
u
z
z
y
lo
g
ic
f
o
r
g
rid
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
P
V
i
n
v
e
rter,”
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
t
e
r
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(
IJ
ECE
)
,
v
o
l.
9
,
n
o
4
,
p
p
.
2
2
6
4
-
2
2
7
3
,
2
0
1
9
,
d
o
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1
0
.
1
1
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9
1
/i
jec
e
.
v
9
i4
.
p
p
2
2
6
4
-
2
2
7
3
.
[2
]
N.
Ik
k
e
n
,
A
.
Bo
u
k
n
a
d
e
l,
A
.
Ha
d
d
o
u
,
H.
E
l
Om
a
ri,
H.
El
Om
a
r
i,
“
A
c
o
m
p
a
ra
ti
v
e
S
tu
d
y
a
n
d
imp
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
S
in
g
le
-
P
h
a
se
P
L
L
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
f
o
r
G
rid
-
Co
n
n
e
c
ted
In
v
e
rters
S
y
ste
m
s,”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l.
1
4
,
n
o
4
,
p
p
.
1
1
6
-
1
1
3
,
2
0
1
8
.
[3
]
D.
S
iri
sh
a
,
M
.
Ra
g
in
i
,
T
.
K.
Kra
n
th
i,
“
F
u
z
z
y
L
o
g
ic
Co
n
tro
l
ler
Ba
se
d
In
telli
g
e
n
t
Isla
n
d
in
g
a
n
d
S
e
a
m
les
s
Re
c
o
n
n
e
c
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
M
ic
r
o
g
rid
a
n
d
UP
QC
w
it
h
P
o
w
e
r
G
rid
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
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u
r
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l
o
f
En
g
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n
e
e
rin
g
a
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d
Eme
rg
in
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
2
0
1
6
.
[4
]
M
.
L
.
On
g
o
n
d
o
,
D.
K.
M
u
ra
g
e
,
S
.
M
.
J
u
m
a
,
“
Ro
tatin
g
M
a
c
h
in
e
Ba
se
d
D
G
islan
d
in
g
De
tec
ti
o
n
A
n
a
l
y
sis
u
sin
g
W
a
v
e
let
T
ra
n
s
f
o
r
m
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
En
e
rg
y
a
n
d
Po
we
r
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g
in
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rin
g
,
v
o
l.
4
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5
,
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7
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j.
ij
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p
e
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2
0
1
5
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5
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1
4
.
[5
]
P
.
K.
Da
sh
,
M
.
P
a
d
h
e
e
,
T
.
K.
P
a
n
ig
ra
h
i,
“
A
h
y
b
rid
ti
m
e
-
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
b
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se
d
f
u
z
z
y
lo
g
ic
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
p
o
w
e
r
islan
d
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
i
n
g
rid
c
o
n
n
e
c
te
d
d
istri
b
u
ted
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
Po
we
r
and
E
n
e
rg
y
S
y
ste
ms
, v
o
l.
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2
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1
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[6
]
B.
G
ö
k
a
y
,
“
A
r
e
m
o
te
islan
d
in
g
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
n
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y
f
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h
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l
taic
-
b
a
se
d
d
istri
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u
ted
g
e
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e
ra
ti
o
n
s
y
ste
m
s,”
En
e
rg
y
c
o
n
v
e
rs
io
n
a
n
d
ma
n
a
g
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me
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t
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6
,
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p
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2
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n
.
2
0
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5
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0
3
.
0
0
4
.
[7
]
S
.
R.
S
a
m
a
n
tara
y
,
K.
El
-
A
rro
u
d
i,
G
.
Jo
o
s,
G
e
z
a
,
I.
Ka
m
wa
,
“
A
f
u
z
z
y
ru
le
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b
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d
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p
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g
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ra
ti
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n
,
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tra
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sa
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ti
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0
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0
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6
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5
.
[8
]
K
.
In
a
m
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n
a
m
e
ll
u
ri,
S
.
T
.
Ka
ly
a
n
i,
P
.
V
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n
k
a
ta,
“
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n
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ly
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o
f
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tec
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3
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5
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.
[9
]
R.
S
a
f
d
a
r,
M
.
Ha
z
li
e
,
A
.
Ha
m
z
a
h
,
J.
A
.
Lag
h
a
ri,
W
.
L
i
,
“
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
sig
n
a
l
p
ro
c
e
ss
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
f
o
r
islan
d
in
g
d
e
tec
ti
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n
o
f
d
istri
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n
e
ra
ti
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i
n
d
istr
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ti
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tw
o
rk
:
A
r
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w
,
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e
rg
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v
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io
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0
3
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2
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.
[1
0
]
B.
Ha
m
id
e
h
,
S
.
M
o
h
se
n
,
R.
A
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
,
B.
M
o
z
a
fa
ri,
“
A
n
o
v
e
l
S
V
M
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
o
f
islan
d
i
n
g
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
in
m
icro
g
rid
,
”
IEE
E
P
ES
I
n
n
o
v
a
ti
v
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S
ma
r
t
Gr
id
T
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ies
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G
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0
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2
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.
[1
1
]
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.
Ha
m
id
e
h
,
S
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M
o
h
se
n
,
R.
A
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
,
B.
M
o
z
a
fa
ri,
“
Ne
u
ro
-
f
u
z
z
y
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a
n
d
in
g
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
in
d
istr
ib
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ted
g
e
n
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ra
ti
o
n
,
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IEE
E
PE
S
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n
o
v
a
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rt
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2
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2
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2
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[1
2
]
R
.
S
a
f
d
a
r,
T.
u
r
Ra
h
m
a
n
,
S
.
M
a
z
h
a
r,
S
.
Ja
m
e
e
l,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
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a
n
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ly
sis
o
f
p
o
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r
s
y
ste
m
p
a
ra
m
e
ter
s
f
o
r
islan
d
in
g
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
u
si
n
g
m
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
a
l
m
o
rp
h
o
l
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g
y
,
”
Ai
n
S
h
a
ms
En
g
in
e
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g
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l,
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[1
3
]
A
.
Y.
Ha
tata
,
El
-
H.
A
b
d
-
Ra
b
o
h
,
B.
E.
S
e
d
h
o
m
,
“
P
ro
p
o
se
d
S
a
n
d
ia
f
re
q
u
e
n
c
y
sh
if
t
f
o
r
a
n
ti
-
isla
n
d
i
n
g
d
e
tec
ti
o
n
m
e
th
o
d
b
a
se
d
o
n
a
rti
f
icia
l
imm
u
n
e
s
y
ste
m
,
”
Al
e
x
a
n
d
ria
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g
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5
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[1
4
]
M
.
M
a
n
o
h
a
r,
C.
S
h
e
e
tal,
R.
P
.
K
u
m
a
r,
“
T
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x
o
n
o
m
y
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f
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d
in
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d
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tec
ti
o
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tec
h
n
iq
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e
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f
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d
ist
ri
b
u
te
d
g
e
n
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ra
ti
o
n
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n
m
icro
g
rid
,
”
Ren
e
wa
b
le E
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re
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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[1
5
]
P
.
K.
Da
sh
,
S
.
K
.
Ba
rik
,
R.
K.
P
a
t
n
a
ik
,
“
De
tec
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
c
las
sif
i
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
islan
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
n
o
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islan
d
in
g
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v
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ts
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ted
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ra
ti
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n
b
a
se
d
o
n
f
u
z
z
y
d
e
c
isio
n
tree
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
C
o
n
tr
o
l,
Au
t
o
ma
ti
o
n
a
n
d
El
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c
trica
l
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l.
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5
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6
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p
.
6
9
9
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4
.
[1
6
]
S
.
M
a
ria,
N.
El
Ha
b
ib
,
B.
Ja
o
u
a
d
,
“
A
m
u
lt
i
-
o
b
jec
ti
v
e
a
p
p
r
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a
c
h
f
o
r
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icro
g
rid
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n
e
rg
y
m
a
n
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g
e
m
e
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t
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u
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n
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m
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k
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g
p
ro
c
e
ss
,
”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
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rn
a
l
o
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E
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In
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[1
7
]
S.
Hu
il
i,
“
P
e
rf
o
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a
n
c
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a
s
se
ss
m
e
n
t
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o
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t
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f
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tec
ti
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n
z
o
n
e
s,”
T
h
è
se
de
d
o
c
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t.
C
o
n
c
o
r
d
ia Un
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e
rsit
y
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
8
]
L
.
A
.
C.
L
o
p
e
s,
a
n
d
S
.
Hu
il
i,
“
P
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
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t
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m
e
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o
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s
.
En
e
rg
y
Co
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v
e
rsio
n
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
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n
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l.
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1
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o
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[1
9
]
Y.
Gw
o
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n
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e
t
a
l.
,
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