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[
7
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d
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[
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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8708
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o
lo
g
y
u
s
ed
in
t
h
is
p
ap
er
.
First
o
f
all
t
h
e
s
ig
n
at
u
r
es
ar
e
co
llected
,
s
to
r
ed
as
a
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
i
g
n
atu
r
e.
T
h
e
s
tatic
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ar
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
t
h
ese
r
e
f
er
en
c
e
s
ig
n
at
u
r
es.
T
h
ese
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
u
p
d
ated
r
eg
u
lar
l
y
b
y
n
e
w
r
e
f
er
en
ce
s
i
g
n
atu
r
es.
Ne
u
r
al
n
et
w
o
r
k
i
s
tr
ain
ed
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
s
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
Sig
n
at
u
r
es a
r
e
test
ed
u
s
in
g
d
esi
g
n
ed
s
y
s
te
m
.
2.
ANALY
Z
I
NG
P
AR
AM
E
T
E
RS
2
.
1
.
I
dentif
ica
t
io
n P
a
ra
m
et
er
s
T
h
er
e
ar
e
tw
o
d
if
f
er
en
t
t
y
p
es
o
f
p
ar
am
e
ter
s
o
f
s
i
g
n
atu
r
e:
S
t
atic
p
ar
am
eter
s
an
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
I
n
ca
s
e
o
f
o
n
li
n
e
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
e
v
er
if
icatio
n
d
y
n
a
m
ic
f
ea
t
u
r
es
o
f
s
i
g
n
a
tu
r
e
ar
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
an
d
in
ca
s
e
o
f
o
f
f
li
n
e
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e
v
er
i
f
icat
io
n
s
tatic
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
s
ig
n
at
u
r
es
ar
e
e
x
tr
ac
ted
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
er
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
s
tatic
p
ar
a
m
e
ter
s
o
f
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
es a
r
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
a.
Sk
e
w
n
es
s
:
S
k
e
w
n
es
s
a
m
ea
s
u
r
e
o
f
s
y
m
m
etr
y
.
S
k
e
w
n
es
s
is
d
ef
in
ed
w
it
h
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
to
th
e
u
n
i
v
ar
iate
d
ata
X
1
, X
2
,
…………,
X
N
∑
(
)
(
)
(
1
)
b.
Ku
r
to
s
is
:
K
u
r
to
s
is
d
eter
m
in
e
s
w
h
et
h
er
th
e
d
ata
ar
e
p
ea
k
ed
o
r
f
latte
n
ed
,
r
elat
iv
e
to
n
o
r
m
a
l d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
.
I
t
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ts
t
h
e
p
ea
k
s
in
ea
c
h
s
e
g
m
e
n
t o
f
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
e.
∑
(
)
(
)
(
2
)
c.
Or
d
in
ar
y
Mo
m
e
n
t
: I
t is d
e
f
in
e
d
as th
e
o
r
d
in
ar
y
m
o
m
e
n
t o
f
p
ix
els.
d.
E
n
tr
o
p
y
: I
t d
ef
in
e
s
t
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
co
n
te
n
t o
f
w
h
ite
p
ix
el
s
i
n
in
v
er
ted
i
m
a
g
e
a
n
d
is
g
i
v
e
n
b
y
E
n
tr
o
p
y
=
N
*
lo
g
2
N
(
3
)
e.
Me
an
: I
t d
ef
i
n
es t
h
e
m
ea
n
v
al
u
e
o
f
w
h
ite
p
ix
el
s
in
i
n
v
er
ted
im
ag
e.
f.
Or
ien
tatio
n
: I
t d
ef
i
n
es t
h
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
e
li
n
es.
C
o
l
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
S
i
g
n
a
t
u
r
e
d
a
t
a
b
a
se
(
a
t
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
i
n
st
a
n
t
)
Ex
t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
S
t
a
t
i
c
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
T
r
a
i
n
i
n
g
o
f
N
e
u
r
a
l
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
T
e
st
i
n
g
o
f
S
i
g
n
a
t
u
r
e
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
J
E
C
E
Vo
l.
6
,
No
.
6
,
Decem
b
er
201
6
:
26
58
–
26
64
2660
2
.
2
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
nce
P
a
ra
m
et
er
s
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
v
er
i
f
ic
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
lai
n
ed
u
s
i
n
g
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
t
w
o
p
ar
a
m
e
te
r
s
a.
Fals
e
A
cc
ep
tan
ce
R
ate
(
F
AR
)
:
I
t is th
e
r
atio
o
f
f
a
ls
e
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
e
ac
ce
p
tan
ce
to
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
test
ed
s
ig
n
at
u
r
es.
b.
Fals
e
R
ej
ec
tio
n
R
ate
(
FR
R
)
:
I
t
is
th
e
r
atio
o
f
f
a
ls
e
r
ej
ec
ted
s
ig
n
a
tu
r
e
to
th
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
test
ed
s
ig
n
at
u
r
es.
3.
T
I
M
E
F
ACTOR
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
w
id
el
y
ac
ce
p
ted
v
er
if
icatio
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
is
t
h
e
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
.
T
h
e
Si
g
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
a
p
er
s
o
n
m
a
y
v
ar
y
b
y
a
g
r
ea
t
a
m
o
u
n
t
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
t
h
e
s
it
u
atio
n
,
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
s
i
g
n
a
tu
r
e
i
s
tak
en
[
10
-
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
m
o
o
d
o
f
a
p
ar
tic
u
lar
p
er
s
o
n
m
a
y
also
af
f
ec
t
th
e
s
i
g
n
atu
r
e
o
f
an
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
m
an
y
s
u
ch
f
ac
to
r
s
t
h
at
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
th
e
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
a
p
e
r
s
o
n
,
b
u
t
n
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
a
f
f
ec
t
s
as
m
u
c
h
as
t
h
e
ti
m
e
d
u
r
atio
n
its
elf
.
I
f
a
s
i
g
n
a
tu
r
e
is
u
s
ed
as
a
v
er
if
icat
io
n
tech
n
i
q
u
e,
th
en
t
h
er
e
m
a
y
b
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
a
m
e
s
i
g
n
a
tu
r
e
th
at
w
as
ta
k
en
f
ir
s
t
u
p
,
to
b
e
u
s
ed
as
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e
[
1
3
-
1
6
]
.
I
f
an
au
to
m
ated
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
e
is
to
b
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
f
o
r
s
i
g
n
at
u
r
e
v
e
r
if
icatio
n
th
a
n
t
h
e
ti
m
e
f
ac
to
r
m
u
s
t
b
e
g
iv
e
n
a
s
u
p
er
io
r
i
m
p
o
r
tan
ce
.
A
lt
h
o
u
g
h
m
an
y
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
er
s
ar
e
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
o
n
s
ig
n
at
u
r
e
v
er
if
icatio
n
,
b
u
t
n
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
h
a
s
co
n
s
id
er
ed
th
e
ti
m
e
f
ac
to
r
as
y
et,
it
is
ev
id
e
n
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
lit
er
atu
r
e
r
ev
ie
w
.
Mo
s
t
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
ar
e
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
d
ata
b
ase
th
at
co
n
tai
n
s
a
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
i
g
n
a
tu
r
es,
b
u
t th
e
y
ar
e
n
o
t ta
k
en
i
n
a
w
id
e
s
p
an
o
f
ti
m
e.
I
n
t
h
is
p
ap
er
a
lo
t o
f
ti
m
e
is
d
ev
o
ted
to
th
e
d
ata
co
llectio
n
its
el
f
[
1
7]
.
I
n
th
is
p
iece
o
f
r
esear
ch
t
h
e
d
ata
is
co
llected
o
v
er
a
tim
e
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
u
p
to
1
8
0
d
ay
s
.
D
u
r
in
g
th
e
d
ata
co
llectio
n
s
p
ec
ial
m
ea
s
u
r
es
w
er
e
tak
en
s
o
th
at
t
h
e
p
er
s
o
n
w
h
o
h
as
co
n
tr
ib
u
ted
to
th
is
w
o
r
k
m
u
s
t
w
e
u
n
a
w
ar
e
o
f
th
ese
cir
cu
m
s
t
a
n
ce
s
.
4.
F
E
AT
U
RE
E
XT
RAC
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
in
itial
v
al
u
es
o
f
s
i
g
n
a
tu
r
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
2
in
d
icate
s
th
at
h
o
w
th
e
s
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
ca
n
b
e
u
p
d
ated
b
y
th
e
m
ea
n
s
o
f
w
ei
g
h
ted
co
ef
f
ic
ien
ts
.
T
ab
le
1
.
I
n
itial
Val
u
es o
f
Var
i
ab
les f
o
r
s
o
m
e
R
a
n
d
o
m
S
ig
n
at
u
r
es
N
a
me
R
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
S
i
g
n
a
t
u
r
e
S
k
e
w
n
e
ss
K
u
r
t
o
si
s
O
r
d
i
n
a
r
y
M
o
me
n
t
En
t
r
o
p
y
M
e
a
n
U
se
r
1
2
.
4
6
5
8
7
.
0
8
0
1
3
4
7
6
8
7
4
3
0
.
5
0
4
9
0
.
1
1
1
7
U
se
r
2
3
.
7
9
4
7
1
5
.
3
9
9
4
1
8
6
7
2
1
1
8
0
.
3
1
8
1
0
.
0
5
7
7
U
se
r
3
3
.
5
2
8
2
1
3
.
4
4
7
9
2
2
3
7
5
9
5
8
0
.
3
4
7
1
0
.
0
6
5
U
se
r
4
4
.
2
2
2
5
1
8
.
8
2
9
3
1
4
0
8
2
4
2
0
0
.
2
7
8
4
0
.
0
4
8
1
U
se
r
5
3
.
9
9
1
5
1
6
.
9
3
2
3
2
0
6
2
1
7
7
1
0
.
2
9
8
9
0
.
0
5
3
U
se
r
6
3
.
4
8
3
8
1
3
.
1
3
6
7
2
5
5
6
5
2
7
1
0
.
3
5
2
2
0
.
0
6
6
4
U
se
r
7
3
.
7
0
2
6
1
4
.
7
0
9
4
1
3
3
5
4
1
5
6
0
.
3
2
7
7
0
.
0
6
0
1
U
se
r
8
3
.
9
9
7
1
1
6
.
9
7
6
9
1
0
9
9
3
2
7
1
0
.
2
9
8
4
0
.
0
5
2
9
U
se
r
9
4
.
0
6
6
6
1
7
.
5
3
7
3
1
4
6
4
4
2
3
1
0
.
2
9
2
0
.
0
5
1
3
U
se
r
1
0
3
.
4
0
0
2
1
2
.
5
6
1
3
2
8
5
1
5
0
8
0
0
.
3
6
2
3
0
.
0
6
9
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
J
E
C
E
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
Time
I
n
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t S
ig
n
a
tu
r
e
V
erif
ica
tio
n
u
s
in
g
N
o
r
ma
liz
ed
W
e
ig
h
ted
C
o
efficien
ts
(
Ma
n
a
s
S
in
g
h
a
l
)
2661
T
ab
le
2
.
C
o
ef
f
icie
n
ts
Val
u
e
Af
ter
E
v
er
y
Sa
m
p
le
C
o
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
s
V
a
l
u
e
s A
f
t
e
r
Ev
e
r
y
S
a
mp
l
e
I
n
c
r
e
a
si
n
g
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
samp
l
e
s
1
1
/
2
1
/
2
1
/
4
1
/
4
1
/
2
1
/
8
1
/
8
1
/
4
1
/
2
1
/
1
6
1
/
1
6
1
/
8
1
/
4
1
/
2
1
/
3
2
1
/
3
2
1
/
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n
s
tit
u
te
o
f
T
ec
h
n
ica
l
T
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s
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r
ain
in
g
&
R
esear
ch
,
C
h
a
n
d
ig
ar
h
,
I
n
d
ia
f
o
r
th
eir
co
n
s
tan
t in
s
p
ir
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s
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
o
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t th
r
o
u
g
h
o
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t th
is
r
es
ea
r
ch
w
o
r
k
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
D.
Hu
a
n
g
a
n
d
G
.
Jia
n
,
“
On
-
li
n
e
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
Ba
se
d
o
n
GA
-
S
V
M
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
On
li
n
e
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
V
o
l.
1
1
,
N
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
4
9
–
5
3
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
]
J.
S
h
in
,
T
.
T
a
k
a
n
a
sh
i,
"
On
li
n
e
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
b
a
se
d
o
n
P
e
n
In
c
li
n
a
ti
o
n
a
n
d
P
re
ss
u
r
e
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
"
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
E
lec
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
V
o
l
.
2
,
N
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
4
4
1
-
4
4
6
,
2
0
1
2
.
[3
]
Z.
Ho
n
a
rp
is
h
e
sh
,
K.
F
a
e
z
,
"
Bio
m
e
tri
c
Id
e
n
ti
f
ica
ti
o
n
b
y
Clu
ste
rin
g
th
e
Do
rsa
l
Ha
n
d
V
e
in
P
a
tt
e
r
n
s
u
s
in
g
th
e
F
iref
l
y
A
l
g
o
rit
h
m
"
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
E
lec
trica
l
a
n
d
Co
mp
u
ter
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
Vo
l.
3
,
N
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
3
0
-
4
1
,
2
0
1
3
.
[4
]
A
.
K
a
ro
u
n
i,
B.
Da
y
a
,
a
n
d
S
.
Ba
h
lak
,
“
O
f
f
li
n
e
si
g
n
a
tu
re
re
c
o
g
n
it
io
n
u
si
n
g
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
r
k
s
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
”
,
Pro
c
e
d
ia
Co
mp
u
t
.
S
c
i
.
,
v
o
l.
3
,
p
p
.
1
5
5
–
1
6
1
,
2
0
1
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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201
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:
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[5
]
A
.
P
a
n
sa
re
,
“
H
a
n
d
w
rit
ten
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
u
sin
g
Ne
u
ra
l
Ne
t
w
o
rk
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ap
p
li
e
d
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
S
y
ste
ms
,
V
o
l
.
1
,
No
.
2
,
p
p
.
4
4
–
4
9
,
2
0
1
2
.
[6
]
I.
Bh
a
tt
a
c
h
a
ry
a
,
P
.
G
h
o
sh
,
a
n
d
S
.
B
isw
a
s,
“
O
ff
li
n
e
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
Us
in
g
P
ix
e
l
M
a
tch
i
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
”
,
Pro
c
e
d
ia
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
1
0
:
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
m
p
u
ta
ti
o
n
a
l
In
telli
g
e
n
c
e
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
iq
u
e
s
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s (
ICCIM
T
A)
,
p
p
.
9
7
0
–
9
7
7
,
2
0
1
3
.
[7
]
Y.
Qia
o
a
n
d
J.
L
iu
,
“
Of
f
li
n
e
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
Us
in
g
On
li
n
e
Ha
n
d
w
rit
in
g
Re
g
istratio
n
”
,
i
n
P
ro
c
.
IEE
E
C
o
n
f
.
CVP
R
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
0
7
,
p
p
.
1
–
8
.
[8
]
M
.
Ya
d
a
v
,
A
.
Ku
m
a
r,
T
.
P
a
tn
a
ik
,
a
n
d
B.
Ku
m
a
r,
“
A
S
u
rv
e
y
o
n
Off
li
n
e
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
”
,
v
o
l.
2
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
337
–
3
4
0
,
2
0
1
3
.
[9
]
V
.
Ira
n
m
a
n
e
sh
,
S
.
M
u
m
taz
a
h
,
S
.
A
h
m
a
d
,
W
.
A
z
izu
n
,
W
.
A
d
n
a
n
,
S
.
Yu
ss
o
f
,
O.
A
.
A
rig
b
a
b
u
,
a
n
d
F
.
L
.
M
a
lallah
,
“
On
li
n
e
Ha
n
d
w
rit
ten
S
ig
n
a
t
u
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
u
si
n
g
Ne
u
ra
l
Ne
two
rk
Clas
sif
ier
Ba
se
d
o
n
P
ri
n
c
ip
a
l
Co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
A
n
a
l
y
si
s
”
,
T
h
e
S
c
ien
ti
f
ic W
o
rld
J
o
u
rn
a
l
,
Vo
l.
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
1
–
8
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
0
]
A
.
Kh
o
l
m
a
to
v
a
n
d
B.
Ya
n
ik
o
g
lu
,
“
Id
e
n
ti
ty
A
u
th
e
n
ti
c
a
ti
o
n
u
si
n
g
Im
p
ro
v
e
d
On
li
n
e
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
M
e
th
o
d
”
,
Pa
tt
e
rn
Rec
o
g
n
it
io
n
L
e
tt
e
r,
Vo
l.
2
6
,
N
o
.
1
5
,
p
p
.
2
4
0
0
–
2
4
0
8
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
1
]
A
.
K.
Ja
in
,
F
.
D.
G
ries
s,
a
n
d
S
.
D.
Co
n
n
e
ll
,
“
On
-
li
n
e
S
ig
n
a
t
u
re
V
e
ri
f
ica
ti
o
n
”
,
T
h
e
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
t
h
e
Pa
t
t
e
rn
Rec
o
g
n
it
io
n
S
o
c
iety
,
V
o
l
.
3
5
,
p
p
.
2
9
6
3
–
2
9
7
2
,
2
0
0
2
.
[1
2
]
K.S
.
Ra
d
h
ik
a
a
n
d
S
.
G
o
p
ik
a
,
“
On
li
n
e
a
n
d
Of
f
li
n
e
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
Ve
rif
ic
a
ti
o
n
:
A
Co
m
b
in
e
d
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
”
,
Pro
c
e
d
ia
-
Pro
c
e
d
ia
Co
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
4
6
-
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
a
n
d
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
(
ICICT
-
2014)
,
p
p
.
1
5
9
3
–
1
6
0
0
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
3
]
M
.
V
a
tsa
,
R.
S
i
n
g
h
,
P
.
M
it
ra
,
a
n
d
A
.
No
o
re
,
“
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
r
if
ica
ti
o
n
u
sin
g
S
tatic
a
n
d
Dy
n
a
m
ic
F
e
a
tu
re
s”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
NEU
RA
L
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
Pro
c
e
ss
in
g
(
ICONIP)
,
p
p
.
3
5
0
–
3
5
5
,
2
0
0
4
.
[1
4
]
S
.
D.
P
a
w
a
r,
“
A
S
u
rv
e
y
o
n
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
A
p
p
ro
a
c
h
e
s”
,
In
ter
n
a
t
io
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Co
mp
u
t
e
r
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
,
Vo
l.
6
,
No
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
0
6
8
–
1
0
7
2
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
5
]
N.
F
o
r
h
a
d
,
B.
P
o
o
n
,
M
.
A
.
Am
in
,
a
n
d
H.
Ya
n
,
“
On
li
n
e
S
i
g
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rifi
c
a
ti
o
n
fo
r
M
u
lt
i
-
mo
d
a
l
A
u
t
h
e
n
ti
c
a
t
i
o
n
u
si
n
g
S
ma
rt
Ph
o
n
e
”
,
P
ro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
M
u
lt
i
-
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
ti
sts,
p
p
.
1
8
–
2
1
,
2
0
1
5
.
[1
6
]
S
.
Ra
sh
id
i,
A
.
F
a
ll
a
h
,
a
n
d
F
.
T
o
w
h
id
k
h
a
h
,
“
F
e
a
tu
re
Ex
trac
ti
o
n
B
a
se
d
DCT
o
n
Dy
n
a
m
i
c
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
”
,
S
c
ien
ti
a
Ira
n
ica
,
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
D:
Co
mp
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
El
e
c
trica
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
V
o
l
.
1
9
,
No
.
6
,
p
p
.
1
8
1
0
–
1
8
1
9
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
7
]
A
.
P
a
n
sa
re
,
“
H
a
n
d
w
rit
ten
S
ig
n
a
tu
re
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
u
sin
g
Ne
u
ra
l
Ne
t
w
o
rk
”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
Ap
p
li
e
d
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
S
y
ste
ms
,
V
o
l
.
1
,
No
.
2
,
p
p
.
4
4
–
4
9
,
2
0
1
2
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
M
a
n
a
s
S
in
g
h
a
l
r
e
c
e
i
v
e
d
th
e
B
.
T
e
c
h
.
d
e
g
r
e
e
in
E
&
C
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
GN
IT
,
UP
T
U,
G
re
a
ter
No
id
a
,
In
d
ia
in
2
0
0
8
.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
p
u
rsu
in
g
M
E
in
E
&
C
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
NI
TT
T
R
,
P
a
n
jab
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
a
n
d
Ch
a
n
d
ig
a
rh
,
I
n
d
ia.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
w
o
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k
in
g
a
s
a
n
A
s
sista
n
t
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
in
th
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
E
&
C
En
g
in
e
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rin
g
,
M
IT
,
a
n
d
M
o
ra
d
a
b
a
d
,
I
n
d
ia.
His
c
u
rre
n
t
re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
tea
c
h
in
g
in
tere
sts
a
re
in
Bio
m
e
tri
c
A
u
th
e
n
ti
c
a
ti
o
n
,
Dig
it
a
l
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ig
n
a
l
P
r
o
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ss
in
g
,
Dig
it
a
l
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m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
Dig
it
a
l
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m
a
g
e
Pr
o
c
e
ss
in
g
.
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h
a
s au
th
o
re
d
ti
ll
d
a
te
1
5
re
se
a
rc
h
p
u
b
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
o
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t
o
f
w
h
ich
11
a
re
i
n
Jo
u
rn
a
ls.
M
a
n
ish
Tr
i
k
h
a
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
B
.
Tec
h
.
d
e
g
re
e
in
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&
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g
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g
f
ro
m
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IT
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ra
d
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b
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d
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