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[
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≤
L
t
)
an
d
r
ec
eiv
e
an
te
n
n
a
j
(
1
≤
j
≤
L
r
)
ar
e
~
(
0
,
1
)
CN
[
9
]
.
We
ass
u
m
ed
ch
a
n
n
el
s
tate
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
er
f
ec
tl
y
a
v
ailab
le
at
r
ec
eiv
er
(
C
SIR)
.
T
h
en
r
ec
eiv
ed
eq
u
atio
n
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
:
y
=
H
C+
w,
(
1
)
w
h
er
e
C
is
co
d
e
m
atr
i
x
tr
an
s
m
itted
f
r
o
m
th
e
tr
a
n
s
m
it
ter
.
Fo
r
L
t
=
4
,
it c
an
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
a
s
[
4
]
:
C
(
2
)
w
h
er
e
an
d
.
I
n
(
1
)
,
w
d
en
o
tes
ad
d
itiv
e
co
m
p
le
x
g
au
s
s
ia
n
n
o
is
e
w
it
h
2
(0
,
)
CN
.
Fu
r
th
er
,
H
d
en
o
tes
c
h
a
n
n
el
m
atr
ix
o
f
o
r
d
e
r
L
r
×
L
t
as
:
H
=
1
,
1
1
,
2
1
,
3
1
,
4
2
,
1
2
,
2
2
,
3
2
,
4
3
,
1
3
,
2
3
,
3
3
,
4
,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Lr
Lr
Lr
Lr
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
(
3
)
w
h
er
e
,
ji
h
d
en
o
tes
lo
w
p
as
s
eq
u
iv
a
le
n
t
ch
a
n
n
el
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
b
et
w
ee
n
j
th
r
ec
eiv
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
an
d
i
th
tr
a
n
s
m
i
t
an
ten
n
a.
T
h
e
,
ji
h
is
ass
u
m
ed
a
s
a
co
m
p
le
x
g
au
s
s
ia
n
v
ar
iab
le
with
m
ea
n
ze
r
o
a
n
d
v
ar
ian
ce
o
n
e.
W
e
ass
u
m
e
th
at
a
ll
t
h
e
c
h
a
n
n
el
co
ef
f
icie
n
ts
in
H
ar
e
s
p
atiall
y
co
r
r
elate
d
,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
g
en
er
ated
w
it
h
k
n
o
w
n
co
r
r
elatio
n
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
s
tep
s
[
8
]
.
a.
Stack
i
n
g
all
th
e
e
n
tr
ies i
n
o
n
e
co
lu
m
n
,
w
e
ca
n
e
x
p
r
ess
:
v
ec
(
H
)
=
1
,
1
1
,
2
1
,
3
1
,
4
2
,
1
2
,
2
2
,
3
2
,
4
L
r,
1
L
r,
2
L
r,
3
L
r,
4
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
...
h
h
h
h
(
4
)
,
ij
h
1
2
3
4
*
*
*
2
1
4
3
*
*
*
3
4
1
2
*
*
*
4
3
2
1
s
s
s
a
s
s
s
b
s
s
s
c
s
s
s
d
s
s
s
s
,
/
6
/
6
,
/
6
/
6
a
i
b
s
i
n
i
c
o
s
c
s
i
n
i
c
o
s
/
6
/
6
d
s
i
n
i
c
o
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
8
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
er
2
0
1
8
:
37
32
–
3
7
3
9
3734
b.
T
h
e
co
r
r
elatio
n
m
atr
ices
at
t
h
e
tr
a
n
s
m
itter
a
n
d
r
ec
eiv
er
an
d
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
ca
n
b
e
e
x
p
r
ess
ed
a
s
f
o
llo
w
s
:
*
*
*
*
1
,
1
1
,
1
1
,
1
1
,
2
1
,
1
1
,
3
1
,
1
1
,
4
*
*
*
*
1
,
2
1
,
1
1
,
2
1
,
2
1
,
2
1
,
3
1
,
2
1
,
4
*
*
*
*
1
,
3
1
,
1
1
,
3
1
,
2
1
,
3
1
,
3
1
,
3
1
,
4
*
*
*
*
1
,
4
1
,
1
1
,
4
1
,
2
1
,
4
1
,
3
1
,
4
1
,
4
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
t
(
5
)
0
t
0
t
0
t
0
t
0
t
0
t
0
t
0
t
0
t
0
t
0
t
0
t
1
J
(
d
)
J
(
2
d
)
J
(
3
d
)
J
(
d
)
1
J
(
d
)
J
(
2
d
)
J
(
2
d
)
J
(
d
)
1
J
(
d
)
J
(
3
d
)
J
(
2
d
)
J
(
d
)
1
t
(
6
)
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
1,1
1,1
1,1
2,1
1,1
3,1
1,1
4,1
1,1
5,1
1,1
6,1
1,1
7
,1
1,1
8,1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
2,1
1,1
2,1
2,1
2,1
3,1
2,1
4,1
2,1
5,1
2,1
6,1
2,1
7
,1
2,1
8,1
3,
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E[h
r
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
1
1,1
3,1
2,1
3,1
3,1
3,1
4,1
3,1
5,1
3,1
6,1
3,1
7,1
3,1
8,1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
4,1
1,1
4,1
2,1
4,1
3,1
4,1
4,1
4,1
5,1
4,1
6,1
4,1
7
,1
4,1
8,1
*
5,1
1,1
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
5,1
2,1
5,1
3,1
5,1
4,1
5,1
5,1
5,1
6,1
5,1
7,1
5,1
8
,1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
6,1
1,1
6,1
2,1
6,1
3,1
6,1
4,1
6,1
5,1
6,1
6,1
6,1
7
,1
6,1
8,1
*
7,1
1,1
7,1
2,
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
1
7,1
3,1
7,1
4,1
7,1
5,1
7,1
6,1
7,1
7,1
7,1
8,1
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
8,1
1,1
8,1
2,1
8,1
3,1
8,1
4,1
8,1
5,1
8,1
6,1
8,1
7
,1
8,1
8,1
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
E
[
h
h
]
(
7
)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
J
(
d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
3d
)
J
(
4d
)
J
(
5d
)
J
(
6d
)
J
(
7d
)
J
(
d
)
1
J
(
d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
3d
)
J
(
4d
)
J
(
5d
)
J
(
6d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
d
)
1
J
(
d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
3d
)
J
(
4d
)
J
(
5d
)
J
(
3d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
d
)
1
J
(
d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
3d
)
J
(
4d
)
J
(
4
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
d
)
J
(
3d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
d
)
1
J
(
d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
3d
)
J
(
5d
)
J
(
4d
)
J
(
3d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
d
)
1
J
(
d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
6d
)
J
(
5d
)
J
(
4d
)
J
(
3d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
d
)
1
J
(
d
)
J
(
7d
)
J
(
6d
)
J
(
5d
)
J
(
4d
)
J
(
3d
)
J
(
2d
)
J
(
d
)
1
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
(
8
)
Her
e,
an
d
d
en
o
te
d
is
tan
ce
s
b
et
w
ee
n
t
w
o
co
n
s
ec
u
ti
v
e
a
n
ten
n
a
s
at
t
h
e
tr
an
s
m
i
tter
an
d
r
ec
eiv
e
r
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
,
w
h
i
le
is
th
e
ze
r
o
th
o
r
d
er
B
ess
el
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
f
i
r
s
t
k
i
n
d
.
Fo
r
h
ig
h
er
v
alu
e
s
o
f
or
,
s
p
atial
co
r
r
elatio
n
w
ill r
ed
u
ce
an
d
v
ice
a
v
er
s
a
.
c.
C
h
a
n
n
el
co
r
r
elatio
n
m
at
r
i
x
R
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
:
R
(9
)
w
h
er
e
d
en
o
tes k
r
o
n
ec
k
er
p
r
o
d
u
ct.
d.
Usi
n
g
E
i
g
en
Va
lu
e
Dec
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
(
E
VD)
,
w
e
ca
n
w
r
ite
:
R
=
VDV
*
(
1
0
)
w
h
er
e
V
i
s
a
u
n
itar
y
m
atr
i
x
an
d
D
i
s
d
iag
o
n
al
m
atr
i
x
f
o
r
eig
en
v
al
u
es.
T
h
e
(
)
*
d
en
o
tes
tr
an
s
p
o
s
e
a
n
d
co
n
j
u
g
ate.
e.
Gen
er
ate
v
ec
to
r
r
o
f
o
r
d
er
L
t
×L
r
,
w
h
er
e
ea
ch
e
n
tr
y
i
n
r
i
s
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
an
d
id
en
ticall
y
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
as
co
m
p
le
x
g
a
u
s
s
ia
n
w
it
h
m
ea
n
z
er
o
an
d
v
ar
ian
ce
o
n
e.
f.
No
w
v
ec
(
H
)
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
:
v
ec
(
H
)
=
VD
1/2
r
(1
1
)
t
r
t
d
r
d
0
Jx
t
d
r
d
tr
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
N
ea
r
Op
tima
l R
ec
eive
A
n
ten
n
a
S
elec
tio
n
S
ch
eme
fo
r
MIMO
S
ystem
u
n
d
er S
p
a
tia
lly
…
(
P
a
tel
S
a
g
a
r
)
3735
No
w
,
f
r
o
m
v
ec
(
H
)
,
w
e
ca
n
g
et
H
as
d
ef
in
ed
in
(
3
)
an
d
(
4
).
W
e
ass
u
m
e
t
h
at
ch
a
n
n
el
m
a
tr
ix
H
is
p
er
f
ec
tl
y
k
n
o
w
n
at
t
h
e
r
ec
eiv
er
an
d
is
q
u
asi
s
tatic
at
least
f
o
r
a
p
er
io
d
o
f
o
n
e
co
d
e
s
y
m
b
o
l.
3.
RE
C
E
I
V
E
AN
T
E
N
NAS
S
E
L
E
C
T
I
O
N
(
RA
S)
SCH
E
M
E
S
3
.
1
.
Sche
m
e
-
1
-
c
o
nv
ent
io
na
l r
ec
eiv
e
a
nte
n
na
s
elec
t
io
n sche
m
e
T
h
e
r
ec
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e
an
ten
n
a
th
j
a
m
p
litu
d
e
is
g
i
v
en
a
s
j
y
[
5
]
,
[
9
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
fo
r
j=1
:
1
:
L
r
2
rj
yy
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d
fo
r
ˆ
a
r
g
m
a
x
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t
e
d
r
rL
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I
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co
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al
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a
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te
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a
s
e
lectio
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e,
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e
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p
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w
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g
ai
n
o
f
all
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ec
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v
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te
n
n
a
h
a
v
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n
m
ea
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s
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m
ax
i
m
u
m
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a,
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o
f
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n
a
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o
n
e.
T
h
is
is
o
p
ti
m
u
m
r
ec
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a
n
te
n
n
a
s
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tio
n
s
ch
e
m
e
w
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ic
h
g
i
v
es
b
etter
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er
f
o
r
m
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ce
co
m
p
ar
e
to
al
l
o
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er
r
ec
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e
an
te
n
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e.
3
.
2
.
Sche
m
e
-
2
-
bes
t
2
-
ra
nd
o
m
2
r
ec
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a
nte
nn
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s
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t
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n sche
m
e
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
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1
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L
r
2
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d
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r
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a
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x
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l
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ˆ
[
(
1
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(
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s
e
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t
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c
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y
y
r
a
n
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r
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n
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n
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est
2
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an
d
o
m
2
r
ec
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e
a
n
ten
n
a
s
e
lectio
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s
c
h
e
m
e
[
1
1
]
,
th
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
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ec
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n
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n
a
s
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ted
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ased
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ax
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m
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m
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in
a
n
d
r
est
o
f
t
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o
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n
a
s
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t
r
a
n
d
o
m
l
y
f
r
o
m
r
e
m
ai
n
in
g
r
ec
ei
v
e
an
ten
n
a.
3
.
3
.
Sche
m
e
-
3
-
c
o
ns
ec
utiv
e
re
ce
iv
e
a
nte
nn
a
s
elec
t
io
n sche
m
e
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
fo
r
j=1
:
1
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L
r
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4
1
2
rj
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en
d
fo
r
fo
r
j=
L
selected
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r
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2
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d
fo
r
if (
y
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y=[ y
1,
y
2,
y
3,
y
4
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y=[
y
5
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y
6,
y
7,
y
8
]
en
d
if
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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2
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8
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I
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Vo
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8
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No
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5
,
Octo
b
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2
0
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:
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32
–
3
7
3
9
3736
I
n
co
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s
ec
u
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r
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th
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g
r
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p
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d
iv
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in
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i
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Fi
n
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p
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ill b
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r
r
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ten
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3
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4
.
Sche
m
e
-
4
-
e
v
en
o
dd
re
ce
iv
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a
nte
nn
a
s
elec
t
io
n sche
m
e
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
fo
r
j=1
:
2
:
L
r
1
2
rj
yy
en
d
fo
r
fo
r
j=2
:
2
:
L
r
2
2
rj
yy
en
d
fo
r
if (
y
r1
>
=
y
r2
)
y=[
y
1
,
y
3,
y
5
,
y
7
]
else
y=[
y
2
,
y
4,
y
6
,
y
8
]
en
d
if
I
n
ev
en
o
d
d
r
ec
eiv
e
an
te
n
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
[
1
1
]
,
ev
en
r
ec
eiv
e
an
te
n
n
a
an
d
o
d
d
r
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t
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a
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m
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g
r
o
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p
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s
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ted
as
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ten
n
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3
.
5
.
Sche
m
e
-
5
-
z
er
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f
o
rc
ing
(
Z
F
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ba
s
ed
re
ce
iv
e
a
nte
nn
a
s
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t
i
o
n sche
m
e
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
y=HC+
w
yd
=(
H
H
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1
H
H
y
fo
r
j=1
:
1
:
L
r
y
r
= |
|
yd
(
:
,
j)
||
2
en
d
fo
r
[y
t1,
in
1
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x
(
y
r
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in
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(
1
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y(
in
1
(
2
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y(
in
1
(
3
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y
(
in
1
(
4
)
)
]
I
n
ze
r
o
f
o
r
cin
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(
Z
F)
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ased
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ec
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te
n
n
a
s
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s
c
h
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m
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[
1
1
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u
ct
o
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s
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o
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ased
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ax
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m
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m
n
o
r
m
o
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r
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r
cin
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n
r
ec
ei
v
e
an
ten
n
a
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
elec
ted
.
3
.
6
.
Sche
m
e
-
6
-
g
ra
du
a
l e
li
m
ina
t
i
o
n r
ec
eiv
e
a
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nn
a
s
elec
t
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n sche
m
e
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
I
n
itil
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s
a
tio
n
:
̅
fo
r
t=1
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r
1
0
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{
(
/
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t
HH
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H
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fo
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[y
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1
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(
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(
5
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H
(
in
1
(
6
)
)
H
(
in
1
(
7
)
)
H
(
in
1
(
8
)
)
]
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
N
ea
r
Op
tima
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A
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S
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3737
I
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m
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1
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a
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ased
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ated
.
3
.
7
.
Sche
m
e
-
7
-
pro
po
s
ed
re
ce
iv
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a
nte
nn
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s
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t
io
n sche
m
e
A
l
g
o
r
ith
m
fo
r
j=1
:
1
:
L
r
2
j
c
h
h
en
d
fo
r
[y
t,
i
n
]
=a
r
g
ma
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ch
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in
=2
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a
r
g
m
a
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in
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in
h
h
ch
H
j
j
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d
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r
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d
fo
r
I
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p
r
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p
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r
ec
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ten
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a
s
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tio
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s
c
h
e
m
e,
th
e
r
ec
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e
d
p
o
w
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g
ai
n
o
f
all
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ec
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ten
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h
a
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m
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d
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p
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ai
n
o
f
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ec
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v
e
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ten
n
a,
th
e
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tio
n
o
f
f
ir
s
t
r
ec
ei
v
e
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te
n
n
a
is
to
b
e
d
o
n
e.
T
h
en
,
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est
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f
t
h
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n
te
n
n
a
ar
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s
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ted
f
r
o
m
m
i
n
i
m
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o
f
c
h
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n
el
ca
p
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it
y
e
q
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n
a
t
h
ig
h
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SNR
.
T
h
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s
ch
e
m
e
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i
v
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ap
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m
atel
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a
l
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f
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m
a
n
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e
as
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t
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n
al
o
r
o
p
ti
m
u
m
r
ec
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te
n
n
a
s
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tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
w
h
ich
g
i
v
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b
etter
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f
o
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m
a
n
ce
co
m
p
ar
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to
all
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ec
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e
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te
n
n
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s
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l
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tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e.
4.
L
O
W
CO
M
P
L
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X
DE
T
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C
T
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N
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ca
lcu
late
in
ter
m
ed
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s
y
m
b
o
l
,
jt
I
,
w
h
er
e
j
=
1
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2
,
3
,
4
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d
t
=
1
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2,
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4
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s
in
g
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ei
v
ed
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m
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Y
an
d
ch
a
n
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as
s
h
o
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b
elo
w
[
4
]
.
,
j
,
t
(
k
,
j
)
t
,
k
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y
-
h
jt
I
(
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ig
n
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e
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d
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w
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r
d
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m
e
n
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r
o
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itted
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4
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4
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e
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ter
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iate
s
y
m
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,
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I
v
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Ma
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i
m
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m
L
i
k
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d
(
ML
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ates
f
o
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s
1
, s
2
, s
3
.
T
h
e
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itio
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al
Ma
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m
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m
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h
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(
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o
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s
1
, s
2
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ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
es
s
e
d
as
:
**
1
j
,
1
1
,
j
j
,
2
2
,
j
j
,
3
3
,
j
j
,
4
4
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j
M
L
*
*
1
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=
(
h
+
(
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h
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(
I
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h
-
I
h
)
M
j
I
(1
3
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*
*
*
2
j
,
1
2
,
j
j
,
2
1
,
j
j
,
3
4
,
j
j
,
4
3
,
j
M
L
*
*
1
s
=
(
h
-
(
I
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h
h
-
(
I
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h
)
M
j
II
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4
)
*
*
*
3
j
,
1
3
,
j
j
,
2
4
,
j
j
,
3
1
,
j
j
,
4
2
,
j
M
L
*
1
s
=
(
h
h
(
)
h
-
(
I
)
h
)
M
j
I
I
I
(1
5
)
T
h
en
,
r
ec
eiv
er
m
i
n
i
m
izes t
h
e
ML
d
ec
is
io
n
m
etr
ic
[
8
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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32
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3
9
3738
(
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5.
RE
SU
L
T
S
A
ND
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
I
n
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
,
w
e
h
av
e
p
r
es
en
t
ed
s
y
m
b
o
l
er
r
o
r
r
ate
(
S
E
R
)
v
er
s
u
s
av
er
a
g
e
s
i
g
n
al
to
n
o
is
e
r
atio
(
SNR
)
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
s
y
s
te
m
i.e
.
co
r
r
e
latio
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
at
b
o
th
t
h
e
s
id
e
f
o
r
QP
SK
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
e
n
t r
ec
eiv
e
an
te
n
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
s
.
T
h
e
av
g
.
SN
R
is
d
en
o
ted
b
y
in
d
B
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
p
r
esen
t
S
E
R
v
er
s
u
s
SNR
f
o
r
s
p
atiall
y
co
r
r
elat
ed
an
ten
n
a
at
tr
an
s
m
i
tter
an
d
r
ec
eiv
er
(d
t
=
0
.
1
λ
,
d
r
=
0
.
1
λ
)
w
it
h
v
ar
io
u
s
r
ec
eiv
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
(
4
;
8
,
4
)
s
ch
e
m
es
.
I
t
h
a
s
b
ee
n
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
t
h
e
SER
v
s
a
v
g
.
SNR
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
ec
eiv
e
an
ten
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
s
ch
e
m
e
b
ea
t c
o
n
s
u
ct
iv
e
r
ec
eiv
e
an
te
n
n
a
g
r
o
u
p
s
elec
tio
n
s
ch
e
m
e,
e
v
e
n
o
d
d
r
ec
eiv
e
an
ten
n
a
g
r
o
u
p
s
elec
tio
n
,
g
r
ad
u
a
l
eli
m
in
a
ti
o
n
r
ec
eiv
e
an
te
n
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
a
n
d
ze
r
o
f
o
r
cin
g
b
as
ed
r
ec
eiv
e
an
ten
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
s
ch
e
m
e
i
n
to
en
t
ir
e
SNR
r
a
n
g
e
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
ec
eiv
e
an
ten
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
h
a
v
e
s
a
m
e
SER
w
it
h
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
r
ec
eiv
e
an
te
n
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
s
ch
e
m
e
o
v
er
en
tire
s
i
g
n
al
to
n
o
is
e
r
atio
.
T
h
er
e
is
a
m
in
i
m
u
m
0
.
4
d
B
SNR
g
ap
p
r
esen
t
b
et
w
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
ch
e
m
e
a
n
d
ex
i
s
ti
n
g
s
c
h
e
m
e
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
e
n
tire
r
es
u
lt
w
h
i
ch
s
h
o
w
s
l
ittl
e
co
m
p
lex
i
t
y
i
n
cr
ea
s
es
co
m
p
ar
e
to
ex
is
t
in
g
m
eth
o
d
r
esu
lt i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t in
SE
R
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
S
E
R
Vs.
Av
g
.
SN
R
f
o
r
s
p
atiall
y
co
r
r
elate
d
an
te
n
n
a
at
tr
an
s
m
itter
an
d
r
ec
eiv
er
(
d
t
=
0
.
1
λ
,
d
r
=
0
.
1
λ
)
w
it
h
v
ar
io
u
s
r
ec
ei
v
e
an
te
n
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
es
(
4
;
8
,
4)
6.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
s
p
atial
co
r
r
elatio
n
is
to
b
e
co
m
p
en
s
ated
w
it
h
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
ec
eiv
e
an
ten
n
a
s
elec
t
io
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
w
h
ic
h
is
as
g
o
o
d
as
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
m
et
h
o
d
SER
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
ec
eiv
e
an
ten
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
s
c
h
e
m
e
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
s
o
v
er
all
ex
i
s
ti
n
g
s
c
h
e
m
s
w
it
h
li
ttle
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
.
R
ec
ei
v
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
s
elec
tio
n
d
o
n
o
t i
n
cr
ea
s
e
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
w
it
h
R
F c
h
ai
n
at
r
ec
eiv
er
s
id
e.
T
h
e
b
en
ef
it
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
is
n
o
t
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
b
it f
o
r
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
r
ec
ei
v
e
an
te
n
n
as.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
A
la
m
o
u
ti
,
S
.
M
.
,
“
A
S
im
p
l
e
T
r
a
n
sm
it
ter
Div
e
rsit
y
S
c
h
e
m
e
f
o
r
W
irele
ss
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s”
,
IE
EE
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
n
S
e
lec
ted
Are
a
s in
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l.
1
6
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
1
4
5
1
-
1
4
5
8
,
1
9
9
8
.
[2
]
T
a
ro
k
h
,
V
.
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
S
p
a
c
e
-
ti
m
e
Blo
c
k
Co
d
e
s
f
ro
m
Orth
o
g
o
n
a
l
De
sig
n
s
”
,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
s.
o
n
In
f
o
r
ma
ti
o
n
T
h
e
o
ry
,
v
o
l.
4
5
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
1
4
5
6
-
6
7
,
1
9
9
9
.
[3
]
T
irk
k
o
n
e
n
,
O.,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
M
in
im
a
l
No
n
-
Orth
o
g
o
n
a
li
t
y
R
a
te
1
S
p
a
c
e
-
T
i
m
e
Blo
c
k
Co
d
e
f
o
r
3
+
T
ra
n
s
m
it
A
n
ten
n
a
s
”
,
IEE
E
6
t
h
I
n
t.
S
y
mp
.
o
n
S
p
re
a
d
-
S
p
e
c
tru
m T
e
c
h
.
a
n
d
Ap
p
l.
(I
S
S
S
T
A2
0
0
0
),
2
0
0
0
.
[4
]
E.
Ba
sa
r
a
n
d
U.
Ay
g
o
lu
,
“
F
u
ll
-
r
a
te
f
u
ll
-
d
iv
e
rsity
S
T
BCs
f
o
r
th
re
e
a
n
d
f
o
u
r
tran
s
m
it
a
n
ten
n
a
s”
,
IET
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
L
e
tt
e
rs
,
v
o
l.
4
4
,
n
o
.
1
8
,
2
0
0
8
.
[5
]
M
.
K.
Oz
d
e
m
ir,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
On
t
h
e
C
o
rre
latio
n
A
n
a
l
y
sis
o
f
A
n
ten
n
a
s
in
A
d
a
p
ti
v
e
M
IM
O
S
y
ste
m
s
w
it
h
3
-
D
M
u
lt
ip
a
t
h
S
c
a
tt
e
rin
g
”
,
W
ire
les
s Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
Ne
two
rk
i
n
g
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
,
v
o
l.
1
,
p
p
.
2
9
5
-
2
9
9
,
2
0
0
4
.
[6
]
P
.
Hs
ieh
a
n
d
F
.
Ch
e
n
,
“
Ne
w
S
p
a
ti
a
l
Co
rre
latio
n
F
o
rm
u
latio
n
o
f
A
r
b
it
ra
ry
A
o
A
S
c
e
n
a
rio
s”
,
An
ten
n
a
s
a
n
d
W
ire
les
s
Pro
p
a
g
a
ti
o
n
L
e
tt
e
rs
, v
o
l
.
8
,
p
p
.
3
9
8
-
4
0
1
,
2
0
0
9
.
42
2
,
,
,
1
1
1
N
j
t
i
j
i
t
t
j
i
y
h
c
0
/
s
EN
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
N
ea
r
Op
tima
l R
ec
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A
n
ten
n
a
S
elec
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ch
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fo
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MIMO
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(
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3739
[7
]
L
a
ri,
M
.
,
“
Eff
e
c
ti
v
e
c
a
p
a
c
it
y
o
f
re
c
e
iv
e
a
n
ten
n
a
se
lec
ti
o
n
M
IM
O
-
OST
BC
s
y
ste
m
s
in
c
o
-
c
h
a
n
n
e
l
in
terf
e
re
n
c
e
”
,
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
W
ire
les
s Ne
two
rk
s
,
p
p
.
1
-
9
,
2
0
1
6
.
[8
]
J.
W
.
W
a
ll
a
c
e
a
n
d
M
.
A
.
Je
n
se
n
,
“
M
o
d
e
li
n
g
th
e
in
d
o
o
r
M
I
M
O
w
irele
ss
c
h
a
n
n
e
l”,
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
A
n
ten
n
a
s
a
n
d
Pr
o
p
a
g
a
t
io
n
,
v
o
l.
5
0
,
n
o
.
5
,
p
p
.
5
9
1
-
5
9
9
,
2
0
0
2
.
[9
]
Z.
Ch
e
n
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
P
e
rf
o
rm
a
n
c
e
o
f
A
la
m
o
u
ti
sc
h
e
m
e
w
it
h
tran
sm
it
a
n
ten
n
a
se
lec
ti
o
n
”
,
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
L
e
tt
e
r
,
v
o
l.
3
9
,
n
o
.
2
3
,
p
p
.
1
6
6
6
-
1
6
6
8
,
2
0
0
3
.
[1
0
]
Y.
Ya
n
g
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
A
n
ten
n
a
S
e
lec
ti
o
n
f
o
r
M
IM
O
S
y
ste
m
s
w
it
h
Clo
se
ly
S
p
a
c
e
d
A
n
ten
n
a
"
,
EURA
S
IP
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
n
W
ire
les
s Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s a
n
d
Ne
two
rk
in
g
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
5
5
/2
0
0
9
/7
3
9
8
2
8
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
1
,
2
0
0
9
.
[1
1
]
Z.
Zh
o
u
,
e
t
a
l
.,
“
A
No
v
e
l
An
ten
n
a
S
e
lec
ti
o
n
S
c
h
e
m
e
in
M
IM
O
S
y
ste
m
s”
,
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
Circ
u
i
ts
a
n
d
S
y
ste
ms
(
ICCCAS
-
2004)
,
d
o
i:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/ICCCA
S
.
2
0
0
4
.
1
3
4
6
0
0
7
,
2
0
0
4
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S
O
F
AUTH
O
RS
S
a
g
a
r
B
.
Pa
te
l
is
A
ss
istan
t
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
w
it
h
th
e
De
p
t.
o
f
E&C
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
t
C
S
P
a
tel
In
stit
u
te
o
f
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
Ch
a
n
g
a
,
CH
A
RUS
AT
,
In
d
ia.
He
d
id
h
is
B.
E.
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
No
rth
M
a
h
a
ra
sh
tra
Un
i.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
a
re
a
s
a
re
w
irele
ss
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
e
sp
e
c
iall
y
in
M
IM
O
-
S
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