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b
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C
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co
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in
1.
I
NT
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D
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N
Ser
v
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co
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p
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s
itio
n
is
a
n
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m
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g
in
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tr
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to
cr
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m
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v
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s
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Ser
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p
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tio
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f
icie
n
t
an
d
co
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
s
er
v
ices
[
1
]
.
Ser
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
c
ateg
o
r
i
ze
d
in
t
w
o
m
et
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o
d
s
s
tatic
an
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
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s
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tio
n
.
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n
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tatic
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v
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m
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,
s
er
v
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d
is
co
v
e
r
y
,
in
ter
f
ac
e
m
atc
h
in
g
,
s
e
m
a
n
tic
an
d
co
n
d
itio
n
al
m
atc
h
in
g
is
d
ef
in
ed
w
ell
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
co
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
.
I
n
th
i
s
ap
p
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o
ac
h
,
m
o
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e
m
a
n
u
al
in
ter
v
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i
o
n
is
n
ee
d
ed
an
d
it
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
ap
p
lied
in
M
A
NE
T
S d
u
e
to
it
s
d
y
n
a
m
ic
b
eh
a
v
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r
.
D
y
n
a
m
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v
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co
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p
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s
it
io
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w
ill
d
o
ev
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th
i
n
g
au
to
m
at
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a
t r
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ti
m
e
w
it
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o
u
t o
r
litt
le
m
a
n
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al
i
n
ter
v
en
tio
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[
2
]
an
d
ca
n
b
e
ea
s
il
y
ad
ap
ted
to
MA
NE
T
S.
Dep
lo
y
i
n
g
s
er
v
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co
m
p
o
s
iti
o
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in
an
u
n
r
eliab
le
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
l
ik
e
M
A
NE
T
s
is
a
ch
allen
g
i
n
g
tas
k
[
3
]
.
Fau
lt
to
ler
a
n
ce
is
es
s
en
tial
f
o
r
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
in
M
AN
E
T
s
f
o
r
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l
co
m
p
letio
n
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Du
e
to
d
y
n
a
m
ic
n
a
tu
r
e
o
f
MA
NE
T
s
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
m
a
y
f
ail
f
o
r
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
r
ea
s
o
n
s
1.
No
d
e
m
o
b
ilit
y
2.
Dr
ain
o
f
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
3.
L
i
n
k
Fail
u
r
e
4.
D
y
n
a
m
ic
to
p
o
lo
g
y
5.
L
o
w
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
:
2
5
2
3
-
2533
2524
I
t
is
ess
e
n
tial
to
m
ain
tain
f
a
u
l
t
to
ler
an
t
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
d
u
e
to
er
r
o
r
-
p
r
o
n
e
n
atu
r
e
o
f
MA
NE
T
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
f
ailu
r
e
r
ate
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
B
u
t
w
ir
eles
s
m
es
h
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
ar
e
s
tr
o
n
g
en
o
u
g
h
to
w
ith
s
ta
n
d
f
o
r
f
a
u
lt
s
an
d
f
a
u
lt
to
ler
a
n
ce
[
4
]
.
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
is
a
n
o
v
el
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
f
a
u
lt
to
ler
a
n
ce
in
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
in
M
ANE
T
s
.
T
h
e
f
au
lt
is
a
d
ef
ec
t
o
r
ab
n
o
r
m
al
co
n
d
itio
n
w
h
ic
h
m
a
y
ca
u
s
e
f
ailu
r
e
in
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
.
E
x
is
t
in
g
f
au
lt
r
ec
o
v
er
y
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
o
f
s
er
v
ices
ar
e
ca
te
g
o
r
ized
in
t
w
o
w
a
y
s
.
T
h
e
y
ar
e
f
o
r
w
ar
d
r
ec
o
v
er
y
[
5
]
(
C
en
tr
alize
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
)
an
d
b
ac
k
w
ar
d
r
ec
o
v
er
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
[
6
]
.
I
n
Fo
r
w
ar
d
r
ec
o
v
er
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
co
o
r
d
in
ato
r
m
o
n
i
to
r
s
th
e
s
er
v
i
ce
co
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
C
e
n
tr
alize
d
co
o
r
d
in
ato
r
in
v
o
k
es t
h
e
co
n
s
is
te
n
t
s
er
v
ice
s
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
.
I
n
ca
s
e
o
f
s
er
v
ice
f
ail
u
r
e,
co
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tin
u
es
w
it
h
t
h
e
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t
s
er
v
ice.
I
f
t
h
e
co
o
r
d
in
ato
r
it
s
e
lf
f
ail
s
,
co
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
r
e
-
e
x
ec
u
ted
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
b
eg
i
n
n
i
n
g
.
T
h
e
ce
n
tr
alize
d
co
o
r
d
in
ato
r
is
n
o
t
p
o
s
s
ib
le
f
o
r
MA
NE
T
s
d
u
e
to
d
y
n
a
m
ic
n
atu
r
e.
Hen
ce
f
o
r
w
ar
d
r
ec
o
v
er
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
w
ill
n
o
t
b
e
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
M
A
NE
T
s
.
I
n
b
ac
k
w
ar
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v
er
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
is
r
esto
r
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
s
av
ed
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
t
w
h
e
n
a
f
a
il
u
r
e
o
cc
u
r
s
at
r
u
n
ti
m
e.
C
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
co
n
t
in
u
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
av
ed
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
t
w
i
th
t
h
e
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t ser
v
ice.
T
h
e
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
t
is
a
s
a
v
ed
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
tatu
s
a
n
d
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
r
eg
u
lar
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
s
i
n
ter
r
u
p
ted
.
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
is
ef
f
icie
n
t
i
n
ca
s
e
o
f
tr
a
n
s
ie
n
t
f
a
u
lts
w
h
ic
h
m
a
y
h
ap
p
en
f
r
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
i
n
M
A
NE
T
s
d
u
e
to
li
n
k
f
ail
u
r
es.
B
y
t
h
e
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
t
s
,
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
e
x
ec
u
ti
o
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
w
ill
r
es
u
m
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
las
t
co
n
s
i
s
te
n
t
s
av
ed
s
tate
t
h
u
s
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
t
h
e
c
o
s
t o
f
r
e
-
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
o
f
all
s
er
v
i
ce
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
b
eg
i
n
n
in
g
[
7
]
.
Ser
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
is
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
co
m
b
i
n
i
n
g
ato
m
ic
s
er
v
i
ce
s
to
cr
ea
te
a
s
o
l
u
tio
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
co
m
p
le
x
task
.
I
n
[
8
]
a
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
f
in
d
s
er
v
i
ce
s
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
ath
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
p
ath
f
il
ter
in
g
a
n
d
p
ath
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
.
T
h
ese
t
w
o
m
et
h
o
d
s
co
n
tr
o
l
f
o
r
w
ar
d
in
g
m
e
s
s
a
g
es
a
n
d
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
s
e
ar
ch
in
g
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
.
I
n
[
9
]
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
p
ee
r
-
to
-
p
ee
r
MA
NE
T
s
f
o
r
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
.
T
ab
le
u
p
d
ate
m
es
s
ag
e
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
s
er
v
ice
d
is
co
v
er
y
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
lo
ad
is
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
b
alan
cin
g
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
w
it
h
th
is
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
is
,
a
n
e
w
ar
ch
it
ec
tu
r
e
is
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
at
ev
er
y
n
o
d
e
w
h
ic
h
lead
s
to
g
r
ea
t c
h
an
g
es i
n
M
A
NE
T
.
I
n
[
1
0
]
Dis
tr
ib
u
ted
b
r
o
k
er
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
p
r
o
to
co
l
an
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
s
er
v
ice
d
i
s
co
v
er
y
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
.
A
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
m
an
ag
er
(
C
M)
is
elec
ted
b
ased
o
n
d
ev
ice
-
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
p
o
ten
tial
v
a
lu
e
s
an
d
Qo
S
P
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
E
ac
h
co
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
r
e
q
u
est
i
s
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
tl
y
as
s
i
g
n
ed
to
C
M.
I
t
w
o
r
k
s
o
n
th
e
p
r
in
cip
le
o
f
s
in
g
le
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
m
an
a
g
er
f
o
r
s
i
n
g
le
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
r
eq
u
est.
I
n
[
1
1
]
h
ier
ar
ch
ica
l
g
r
ap
h
-
b
ased
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
a
r
ch
itect
u
r
e
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
,
w
h
e
r
e
a
n
o
d
e
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
lo
g
ical
s
er
v
ice
an
d
ed
g
e
r
ep
r
esen
t
d
ata
f
lo
w
b
et
w
ee
n
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
n
o
d
es.
I
n
p
ap
er
[
1
2
]
b
ased
o
n
s
er
v
ice
d
escr
ip
tio
n
,
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
s
u
cc
e
s
s
f
u
l
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
ca
n
b
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
s
e
m
a
n
tic
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
et
wee
n
s
er
v
ice
s
.
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
ca
teg
o
r
ized
th
r
ee
t
y
p
es:
co
o
r
d
in
ated
,
u
n
co
o
r
d
in
ated
,
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
in
d
u
ce
d
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
tin
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
s
.
C
o
o
r
d
in
ated
ch
ec
k
p
o
i
n
ti
n
g
w
ill
m
a
i
n
tai
n
a
co
n
s
i
s
ten
t
g
lo
b
al
s
tate.
E
ac
h
n
o
d
e
is
m
ain
tai
n
ed
o
n
l
y
o
n
e
co
n
s
i
s
ten
t
ch
ec
k
p
o
i
n
t.
T
h
e
co
o
r
d
in
ato
r
w
i
ll
is
s
u
e
co
n
tr
o
l
m
es
s
ag
e
to
n
o
d
es
to
tak
e
ch
e
ck
p
o
in
t
[
1
3
]
.
I
n
[
1
4
]
a
n
o
n
-
i
n
tr
u
s
i
v
e
co
o
r
d
in
ated
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
co
m
p
u
tin
g
s
y
s
te
m
w
h
er
e
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
m
e
s
s
a
g
es
f
o
r
p
ig
g
y
b
ac
k
in
g
i
s
m
i
n
i
m
ized
.
On
l
y
o
n
e
b
it
o
v
er
h
ea
d
i
s
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
f
o
r
o
d
d
an
d
ev
e
n
c
h
ec
k
p
o
i
n
t
i
n
ter
v
al
s
.
U
n
co
o
r
d
in
ated
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
tin
g
[
1
5
-
1
6
]
allo
w
s
ea
ch
n
o
d
e
to
m
ai
n
tai
n
m
u
ltip
le
c
h
ec
k
p
o
i
n
ts
an
d
c
r
ea
tes
lo
ca
l
s
t
ate
s
in
d
ep
en
d
en
tl
y
.
No
ad
d
itio
n
a
l
co
n
tr
o
l
m
e
s
s
a
g
es
ar
e
g
e
n
er
ated
f
o
r
m
ai
n
tai
n
i
n
g
o
f
c
h
ec
k
p
o
in
ts
.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
i
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
to
m
in
i
m
iz
e
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
m
es
s
ag
e
s
f
o
r
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
tin
g
a
n
d
m
ax
i
m
ize
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
n
o
r
m
al
o
p
er
atio
n
.
A
r
o
llb
ac
k
d
ep
en
d
e
n
c
y
g
r
ap
h
is
u
s
e
d
to
r
esto
r
e
f
r
o
m
f
ail
u
r
e.
T
h
i
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
s
u
f
f
er
s
f
r
o
m
d
o
m
in
o
e
f
f
ec
t
[
1
7
]
.
C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
-
i
n
d
u
ce
d
ch
e
ck
p
o
in
ti
n
g
[
1
8
]
ar
e
d
esig
n
e
d
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
e
li
m
ita
tio
n
o
f
d
o
m
in
o
-
ef
f
ec
t.
E
ac
h
m
es
s
ag
e
is
tr
an
s
m
itted
w
i
th
a
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
n
u
m
b
er
a
n
d
u
s
e
s
p
ig
g
y
b
a
c
k
ed
w
it
h
ti
m
e
s
ta
m
p
[
1
9
]
f
o
r
u
n
iq
u
e
id
en
ti
f
icatio
n
o
f
m
e
s
s
a
g
es.
A
c
h
ec
k
p
o
in
t
is
cr
ea
ted
o
n
l
y
a
f
t
er
th
e
r
ec
ep
tio
n
o
f
co
n
tr
o
l
m
e
s
s
a
g
e.
E
ac
h
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
t
is
id
en
ti
f
ied
u
n
iq
u
el
y
b
y
t
h
e
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
n
u
m
b
er
f
o
r
av
o
id
in
g
a
d
o
m
i
n
o
ef
f
ec
t.
R
o
ll
b
ac
k
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
tar
ts
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
ec
e
n
t
c
h
ec
k
p
o
in
t
to
r
esto
r
e
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
to
t
h
e
co
n
s
is
ten
t
s
ta
te.
C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
i
n
d
u
ce
d
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
ar
e
clas
s
i
f
ied
in
to
t
w
o
ca
teg
o
r
ies
:
a
m
o
d
el
b
ased
an
d
in
d
u
ce
d
b
ased
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
tin
g
.
Ma
j
o
r
ch
alle
n
g
e
s
o
f
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
tin
g
a
n
d
f
a
u
lt
r
ec
o
v
er
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
d
escr
ib
ed
in
th
e
p
ap
er
[
2
0
]
.
I
n
[
2
1
]
a
clu
s
ter
b
ased
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
Qo
S
r
o
u
ti
n
g
alg
o
r
it
h
m
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
MA
NE
T
s
with
ai
m
o
f
ac
h
iev
in
g
f
a
u
lt
to
ler
an
ce
is
d
escr
ib
ed
.
T
h
is
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
r
ed
u
ce
s
d
is
r
u
p
tio
n
ti
m
e
u
n
d
er
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
f
ail
u
r
es
a
n
d
av
o
id
s
r
er
o
u
ti
n
g
o
f
Qo
S
tr
a
f
f
ic.
Var
io
u
s
r
o
u
tin
g
p
r
o
to
co
ls
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
co
m
p
a
r
i
s
o
n
is
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
i
n
[
2
2
]
.
I
n
[
2
3
]
Fau
lt
T
o
ler
an
ce
Qo
S
R
o
u
t
in
g
P
r
o
to
co
l
(
FT
QR
P
)
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
f
a
u
lt
to
ler
an
ce
b
y
m
ai
n
tai
n
i
n
g
b
ac
k
u
p
r
o
u
tes
u
s
i
n
g
m
u
lt
ip
ath
r
o
u
tin
g
alg
o
r
it
h
m
.
E
ac
h
b
ac
k
u
p
r
o
u
te
is
m
ai
n
tain
ed
u
p
to
d
ate.
W
h
en
a
f
a
ilu
r
e
o
cc
u
r
s
,
th
e
d
ata
is
to
b
e
f
o
r
w
a
r
d
ed
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
b
ac
k
u
p
r
o
u
tes
a
n
d
u
s
es
H
-
AR
Q
(
H
ier
ar
ch
ical
AR
Q
s
ch
e
m
e”
)
f
o
r
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
i
m
p
lo
s
io
n
.
T
h
e
li
m
itat
io
n
w
it
h
t
h
i
s
ap
p
r
o
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ap
h
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eo
r
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to
r
o
u
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p
ac
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w
o
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Fi
x
ed
an
ch
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n
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d
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ar
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to
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te
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k
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i
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c
o
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e
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ted
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d
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af
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P
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R
ed
u
n
d
a
n
c
y
Me
tr
ic
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
m
u
lti
h
o
p
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u
ti
n
g
f
o
r
lar
g
e
tr
af
f
ic
s
ce
n
ar
io
f
o
r
f
au
lt to
ler
an
ce
[
2
4
]
.
I
n
[
2
5
]
g
r
ap
h
b
ased
f
a
u
lt
t
o
ler
an
ce
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
ad
d
in
g
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
r
el
a
y
n
o
d
es.
Fo
r
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
o
f
r
ela
y
n
o
d
es,
r
esid
u
al
en
er
g
y
a
n
d
d
en
s
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
.
T
h
e
n
o
d
es
i
n
r
o
u
tin
g
p
ath
ar
e
s
elec
ted
b
ase
d
o
n
r
esid
u
al
en
er
g
y
alo
n
g
t
h
e
p
ath
o
f
th
e
i
n
ter
m
ed
iate
n
o
d
es.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
ela
y
n
o
d
es
is
ca
lcu
lated
b
ased
o
n
d
is
tan
ce
an
d
r
esid
u
al
en
er
g
y
r
eq
u
ir
ed
b
etw
ee
n
a
p
air
o
f
n
o
d
es.
I
n
[
2
6
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
tr
an
s
p
o
r
t
la
y
er
s
o
l
u
tio
n
f
o
r
f
a
u
lt
to
ler
a
n
ce
r
o
u
ti
n
g
i
n
M
ANE
T
,
h
y
b
r
id
n
o
d
es
ar
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
i
n
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
w
h
ic
h
u
s
es tr
af
f
ic
s
p
litt
in
g
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
f
o
r
s
en
d
i
n
g
an
d
r
ec
eiv
i
n
g
o
f
d
ata.
I
n
[
2
7
]
f
au
lt
-
to
ler
an
t
r
o
u
ti
n
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
ased
o
n
an
t
co
lo
n
y
a
n
d
f
u
r
t
h
er
o
p
tim
izes
w
it
h
th
e
lo
o
k
a
h
ea
d
p
r
o
p
er
ty
.
T
h
e
f
o
r
w
ar
d
ag
e
n
t
s
F
A
NT
an
d
b
ac
k
w
ar
d
ag
e
n
t
s
B
ANT
S
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
ca
lcu
late
v
ar
io
u
s
Qo
S
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
P
at
h
p
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
i
s
c
alcu
lated
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
ese
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
.
Fr
o
m
al
l
av
ailab
le
p
ath
s
,
h
i
g
h
er
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
p
at
h
is
s
elec
te
d
b
et
w
ee
n
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
d
esti
n
at
io
n
f
o
r
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
o
f
d
ata.
I
n
[
1
0
]
”Distrib
u
ted
Fau
lt
-
T
o
ler
an
t
Ser
v
ice
C
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
P
r
o
t
o
co
l”
(
F
T
SC
P
)
f
o
r
M
A
NE
T
s
is
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
.
FT
SC
P
is
a
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
,
it
h
a
s
t
wo
m
ai
n
f
ea
t
u
r
es.
First,
all
a
to
m
ic
s
er
v
ice
s
ar
e
d
is
co
v
er
ed
in
o
n
e
s
er
v
ice
d
is
co
v
er
y
s
es
s
io
n
a
n
d
s
to
r
ed
in
r
u
n
ti
m
e
d
atab
ase
(
DB
)
.
Se
co
n
d
,
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
E
x
ec
u
t
io
n
C
o
o
r
d
in
ato
r
(
E
C
)
m
o
n
ito
r
s
e
n
tire
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
a
n
d
f
a
u
lt
y
s
er
v
i
ce
s
ar
e
r
ed
is
co
v
er
ed
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
tl
y
.
FT
SC
P
d
o
esn
t
d
if
f
er
e
n
tiate
t
h
e
f
ail
u
r
e
o
f
n
o
d
es
an
d
s
er
v
ice
s
s
ep
ar
atel
y
.
QOS
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
s
ar
e
n
o
t
co
n
s
id
er
ed
at
b
o
th
s
er
v
ice
/n
o
d
e
lev
els.
A
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
to
s
to
r
e
d
is
co
v
er
ed
s
er
v
ices
in
R
u
n
ti
m
e
DB
is
n
o
t
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
d
etail.
A
s
i
g
n
i
f
ican
t
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
ex
i
s
tin
g
r
esear
ch
h
as
d
o
n
e
in
th
e
ar
ea
o
f
f
au
lt
-
to
ler
a
n
t
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
r
o
u
ti
n
g
p
r
o
to
co
ls
in
MA
NE
T
s
.
Fe
w
r
esear
ch
er
s
h
a
v
e
ex
p
lo
r
ed
ap
p
ly
i
n
g
f
au
lt
to
ler
an
t
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
i
n
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
in
M
AN
E
T
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
w
it
h
th
e
e
x
is
te
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
is
i
f
an
y
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
s
er
v
ice
s
is
f
ailed
in
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
p
lan
th
e
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
lan
is
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
cted
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
ailed
s
er
v
ice
in
s
tead
o
f
f
i
n
d
in
g
a
n
alter
n
at
e
s
in
g
le
s
er
v
ice.
T
h
e
ex
i
s
ted
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
co
n
s
id
er
o
n
l
y
n
o
d
e
f
ail
u
r
es
b
u
t
n
o
t
co
n
s
id
er
s
er
v
ice
f
a
ilu
r
e.
T
h
e
f
au
lt
r
ec
o
v
er
y
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
is
l
i
m
ited
to
n
o
d
e
lev
el
Qo
S
co
n
s
t
r
ain
ts
o
n
l
y
w
h
ich
is
a
b
o
ttlen
ec
k
.
T
h
ese
l
i
m
itatio
n
s
m
o
tiv
ate
o
u
r
w
o
r
k
to
e
n
h
an
c
e
an
d
co
m
b
i
n
e
f
a
u
lt
to
ler
an
ce
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
at
b
o
th
s
er
v
ice
an
d
n
o
d
e
lev
el
Qo
S c
o
n
s
tr
ai
n
t
s
i
n
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
M
A
NE
T
s
.
T
o
co
u
n
ter
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
o
f
e
x
is
tin
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
i
n
t
h
is
p
ap
er
w
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
th
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
1.
Fau
lt p
o
licies ar
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
at
b
o
th
s
er
v
ice
a
n
d
n
o
d
e
la
y
er
s
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
v
ar
io
u
s
f
a
u
lt
s
.
2.
A
lo
w
o
v
er
h
ea
d
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
t
i
n
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
t
o
r
esu
m
e
th
e
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
ailed
s
er
v
ice.
3.
An
MST
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
t
o
r
ec
o
v
er
th
e
f
ailed
s
er
v
ices
w
i
th
O(
1
)
ti
m
e
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
a
n
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
.
I
n
Sectio
n
2
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
Fau
l
t
T
o
le
r
an
ce
S
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
Ser
v
ice
C
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
in
Mo
b
ile
A
d
Ho
c
Net
w
o
r
k
.
T
h
e
s
ec
tio
n
3
p
r
esen
ts
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
r
esu
lt
s
an
d
s
ec
tio
n
4
d
escr
ib
es c
o
n
clu
s
io
n
an
d
f
u
t
u
r
e
w
o
r
k
.
2.
F
AULT
T
O
L
E
RANC
E
SY
ST
E
M
F
O
R
SE
RVIC
E
C
O
M
P
O
SI
T
I
O
N
I
N
M
O
B
I
L
E
AD
H
O
C
NE
T
WO
RK
Ou
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
w
ill
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
F
T
SC
P
an
d
FT
QR
P
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
Qo
S
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
n
o
d
es
an
d
s
er
v
i
ce
s
s
ep
ar
atel
y
,
id
en
ti
f
ied
v
ar
i
o
u
s
f
a
u
lts
a
n
d
ass
o
ciate
d
f
au
l
t
p
o
licies
in
ca
s
e
o
f
f
ail
u
r
e
at
n
o
d
e/
s
er
v
ice
la
y
er
s
an
d
a
n
o
v
el
r
ec
o
v
er
y
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
to
s
el
ec
t a
l
ter
n
ati
v
e
s
er
v
ice
s
u
s
in
g
MST
.
Ou
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
R
eliab
le
f
au
lt
t
o
ler
an
t
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
i
n
M
A
NE
T
s
(
R
FT
SC
)
ed
if
ic
e
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
6
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
1
.
E
ac
h
co
m
p
o
n
en
t i
s
d
escr
ib
ed
as f
o
llo
w
s
.
a.
Ser
v
ice
Di
s
co
v
er
y
-
I
t d
is
co
v
e
r
s
th
e
r
elate
d
s
er
v
ice
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
.
b.
Qo
S
C
o
n
tex
t
-
Qo
S
co
n
tex
t
ta
k
es
d
i
s
co
v
er
ed
s
er
v
ices
a
s
i
n
p
u
t
a
n
d
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
th
e
s
er
v
i
ce
s
b
y
ap
p
l
y
in
g
Fu
zz
y
R
ati
n
g
S
y
s
te
m
as d
escr
i
b
ed
in
[
2
8
]
an
d
g
en
er
ates a
s
e
t
o
f
q
u
alif
ied
s
er
v
ice
s
as o
u
tp
u
t
.
c.
Ser
v
ic
es
C
o
m
p
o
s
er
-
I
t
cr
ea
tes
co
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
p
lan
an
d
b
u
ild
s
Mu
lti
Ser
v
ice
T
r
ee
(
MS
T
)
f
o
r
f
au
lt
to
ler
an
ce
.
Ser
v
ices
C
o
m
p
o
s
er
also
u
p
d
at
es M
ST
to
th
e
R
ec
o
v
er
y
Ma
n
a
g
er
.
d.
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
-
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
is
a
r
eliab
le
d
atab
ase
wh
ich
s
to
r
es
t
h
e
u
p
d
ated
s
tat
u
s
o
f
s
er
v
ice
s
ex
ec
u
t
io
n
as p
er
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
lan
.
e.
E
x
ec
u
t
io
n
Mo
n
ito
r
-
E
x
ec
u
t
io
n
m
o
n
ito
r
is
s
u
e
s
s
er
v
ice
ex
ec
u
t
io
n
r
e
q
u
e
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t
to
t
h
e
s
er
v
ice
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
.
I
t
m
o
n
ito
r
s
th
e
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
o
f
s
er
v
ices.
O
n
s
u
cc
es
s
f
u
l
ex
ec
u
t
io
n
o
f
s
er
v
ice,
it
u
p
d
ates
c
h
e
ck
p
o
in
t,
i
n
ca
s
e
f
ail
u
r
e
ev
e
n
t is
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
,
it c
o
m
m
u
n
icate
s
w
it
h
th
e
R
ec
o
v
er
y
Ma
n
a
g
er
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
:
2
5
2
3
-
2533
2526
f.
R
ec
o
v
er
y
Ma
n
a
g
er
-
R
ec
o
v
e
r
y
Ma
n
a
g
er
id
en
ti
f
ies
th
e
al
ter
n
ate
s
er
v
ices
b
y
q
u
er
y
i
n
g
th
e
MST
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
b
ac
k
to
th
e
e
x
e
cu
tio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
w
i
th
t
h
e
alter
n
ate
s
er
v
ice
as
p
er
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
lan
.
T
h
e
m
ain
re
s
p
o
n
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
m
an
a
g
er
is
to
id
en
ti
f
y
al
ter
n
at
e
s
er
v
ice
if
t
h
er
e
is
an
y
f
ai
lu
r
e
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
in
th
e
co
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Fau
lt to
ler
an
t
s
er
v
ic
e
co
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
ar
ch
itec
tu
r
e
2
.
1
.
Serv
ice
co
m
po
s
it
io
n pro
ce
s
s
Ser
v
ice
d
is
co
v
er
y
m
a
n
a
g
er
d
is
co
v
er
s
t
h
e
lis
t
o
f
r
elate
d
s
er
v
ices
as
p
er
th
e
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
r
eq
u
est.
T
h
e
li
s
t
o
f
s
er
v
ice
s
i
s
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
to
Qo
S
co
n
te
x
t.
Qo
S
co
n
te
x
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
t
h
e
s
er
v
i
ce
s
a
n
d
g
e
n
er
ates
a
r
atin
g
f
o
r
ea
ch
s
er
v
ice
u
s
in
g
Fu
zz
y
L
o
g
ic
S
y
s
te
m
[
2
8
]
.
Qo
S
co
n
te
x
t
w
ill
u
p
d
a
te
t
h
e
o
p
tim
al
r
elate
d
s
er
v
ice
s
to
th
e
Ser
v
ices
C
o
m
p
o
s
er
.
Ser
v
ice
C
o
m
p
o
s
er
cr
ea
tes
a
M
u
lt
i
-
Ser
v
ice
T
r
ee
(
MST
)
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
(
f
o
r
m
o
r
e
Deta
ils
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
5
)
w
it
h
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
s
er
v
ices.
E
ac
h
tr
ee
co
n
tai
n
s
a
lis
t
o
f
s
i
m
ilar
s
er
v
ice
s
a
n
d
o
r
d
er
ed
in
th
e
m
a
x
-
h
ea
p
p
r
o
p
er
ty
.
I
n
ea
ch
s
er
v
ic
e
tr
ee
,
r
o
o
t
n
o
d
e
co
n
tain
s
a
m
ax
r
ated
s
er
v
ice.
W
ith
all
t
h
e
r
o
o
t
n
o
d
es,
t
h
e
s
er
v
ices
co
m
p
o
s
er
g
en
er
ate
s
co
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
p
lan
a
n
d
tr
an
s
f
er
r
ed
to
ex
ec
u
tio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
.
Ser
v
ices
co
m
p
o
s
er
tr
an
s
f
er
s
MST
to
th
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
m
an
a
g
er
to
r
ec
o
v
er
s
er
v
ices
i
n
ca
s
e
o
f
f
ail
u
r
e
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
.
E
x
ec
u
t
io
n
m
o
n
ito
r
in
v
o
k
e
s
e
ac
h
s
er
v
ice
w
i
th
r
eq
u
ir
ed
in
p
u
ts
a
s
p
er
th
e
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
lan
.
A
f
ter
co
m
p
let
io
n
o
f
ea
ch
s
er
v
ice
ex
ec
u
t
io
n
,
ex
ec
u
tio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
w
il
l
co
llect
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
r
es
u
lt
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
er
v
ic
e
p
r
o
v
id
er
an
d
s
am
e
u
p
d
ated
to
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
d
atab
ase.
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
i
s
a
co
n
s
is
t
en
t
d
atab
ase
w
h
ic
h
m
ai
n
tai
n
s
u
p
d
ated
th
e
s
tat
u
s
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
I
f
an
y
f
a
ilu
r
e
o
cc
u
r
s
,
t
h
e
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
i
s
s
u
e
s
f
ail
u
r
e
r
eq
u
est
to
th
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
m
a
n
ag
er
.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
m
a
n
a
g
er
s
elec
t
s
m
ax
i
m
u
m
r
ated
s
er
v
ice
as
an
a
lter
n
ate
in
p
lace
o
f
f
ailed
s
er
v
ice
w
it
h
O(
1
)
ti
m
e
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
a
n
d
tr
a
n
s
f
er
r
ed
to
ex
ec
u
tio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
to
in
v
o
k
e
t
h
e
n
e
w
alter
n
ate
s
er
v
ice.
R
ec
o
v
er
y
M
an
ag
er
r
etu
r
n
s
a
NU
L
L
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
th
e
E
x
ec
u
tio
n
Mo
n
ito
r
if
th
e
r
elate
d
s
er
v
ice
is
n
o
t
av
ai
lab
le
i
n
MST
.
I
n
t
h
is
ca
s
e,
E
x
ec
u
t
io
n
Mo
n
ito
r
co
m
m
u
n
icate
s
w
it
h
f
ail
u
r
e/
s
u
cc
es
s
s
ta
tu
s
to
t
h
e
Ser
v
ices
C
o
m
p
o
s
er
.
Ser
v
ice
C
o
m
p
o
s
er
w
ill
q
u
er
y
t
h
e
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
d
ata
b
ase
f
o
r
th
e
latest
ch
ec
k
p
o
i
n
t.
T
h
e
C
h
ec
k
p
o
in
t
in
g
d
atab
ase
r
esp
o
n
d
s
w
i
th
t
h
e
latest
ch
ec
k
p
o
in
t
to
th
e
Ser
v
ices
C
o
m
p
o
s
er
.
Ser
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
er
r
eq
u
ests
th
e
Ser
v
ice
Dis
co
v
er
y
to
s
ea
r
ch
f
o
r
th
e
r
em
a
in
i
n
g
s
er
v
ices
i
n
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
lan
.
A
ll
t
h
ese
s
tep
s
ar
e
iter
ated
u
n
til t
h
e
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
co
m
p
lete
s
.
2
.
2
.
No
de
a
nd
a
Serv
ice
def
ini
t
io
n in M
ANET
I
n
th
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
,
w
e
d
e
f
in
e
a
No
d
e
an
d
Ser
v
ice
in
M
ANE
T
.
2
.
2
.
1
.
Serv
ice
in M
ANET
Ser
v
ice
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
,,
,
,
,
,
j
i
d
i
p
o
p
S
e
r
S
e
r
S
S
S
S
E
R
F
C
(
1
)
w
h
er
e,
-
S
id
-
Un
iq
u
e
s
er
v
ice
id
en
ti
f
ier
-
S
ip
-
Ser
v
ice
I
n
p
u
t
-
S
op
-
Ser
v
ice
O
u
tp
u
t
-
E
Ser
-
E
n
er
g
y
I
n
d
e
x
Val
u
e
o
f
a
Ser
v
ice,
a
m
o
u
n
t o
f
en
er
g
y
n
ee
d
ed
to
ex
ec
u
te
a
s
er
v
ice.
-
R
Ser
-
Ser
v
ice
R
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
-
F
-
Fa
u
lt r
esp
o
n
s
e.
R
esp
o
n
s
e
t
y
p
e
a
s
d
escr
ib
ed
in
T
ab
le
1
.
-
C
-
O
th
er
C
o
n
s
tr
ai
n
ts
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8708
R
elia
b
le
fa
u
lt to
lera
n
ce
s
ystem
fo
r
s
ervice
co
mp
o
s
itio
n
in
mo
b
ile
A
d
Ho
c
n
etw
o
r
k
(
P
.
V
ee
r
esh
)
2527
A
s
er
v
ice
ca
n
b
e
u
n
iq
u
el
y
id
e
n
ti
f
ied
b
y
N
i.
S
j
, N
i
r
ep
r
esen
ts
i
th
n
o
d
e
an
d
S
j
r
ep
r
esen
ts
J
th
s
er
v
ice.
T
ab
le
1
.
Fau
lt r
esp
o
n
s
e
co
d
es
S
.
N
o
R
e
sp
o
n
se
M
e
a
n
i
n
g
1
1
0
R
e
t
r
y
2
0
D
o
n
t
R
e
t
r
y
3
>1
>
1
R
e
t
r
y
w
i
t
h
n
a
t
t
e
mp
t
s
2
.
2
.
2
.
No
de
in M
ANET
A
n
o
d
e
in
M
A
NE
T
ca
n
b
e
d
ef
in
ed
as a
tr
ip
let:
1
2
,
,
.
,
,
{
,
.
}
i
d
n
N
o
d
e
N
N
S
S
S
E
(
2
)
w
h
er
e,
-
N
id
-
Un
iq
u
e
id
en
t
if
ier
o
f
a
No
d
e.
-
S
1
, S
2
…………….
,
S
n
-
Ser
v
i
ce
s
p
r
esen
t i
n
th
at
n
o
d
e
-
E
No
d
e
-
T
h
e
am
o
u
n
t o
f
e
n
er
g
y
n
ee
d
ed
to
m
ai
n
tai
n
its
p
r
o
p
er
ties
lik
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
,
m
o
b
ilit
y
,
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
2
.
3
.
F
a
ult
po
licies f
o
r
s
er
v
ice
co
m
po
s
it
io
n.
A
fa
u
lt
is
d
e
f
in
ed
as
a
n
in
c
o
r
r
ec
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
s
tep
,
o
r
d
ata
d
ef
in
i
tio
n
i
n
a
co
m
p
u
ter
s
y
s
t
e
m
w
h
ich
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
s
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
an
u
n
e
x
p
ec
ted
b
eh
av
io
r
.
A
n
i
n
ter
r
u
p
tio
n
i
n
n
o
r
m
al
co
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
ter
m
ed
as
co
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
f
a
il
u
r
e.
Ser
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ca
n
b
e
f
ai
led
in
M
A
NE
T
s
d
u
e
to
eith
er
n
o
d
e
f
ail
u
r
e
o
r
s
er
v
ice
f
ail
u
r
e.
A
f
a
u
lt
p
o
licy
is
d
ef
in
ed
as
t
h
e
ac
tio
n
to
b
e
tak
en
w
h
en
a
f
a
u
lt
o
cc
u
r
s
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
s
ec
tio
n
,
w
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
v
ar
io
u
s
f
au
lts
a
n
d
ass
o
ciate
d
f
a
u
lt p
o
lic
ies in
ca
s
e
o
f
f
ai
lu
r
e
at
n
o
d
e/ser
v
ice
la
y
er
s
.
2
.
3
.
1
.
F
a
ult
po
licies f
o
r
n
o
de
f
a
ilu
re
I
n
M
A
NE
T
s
,
n
o
d
es
ca
n
j
o
in
an
d
leav
e
t
h
e
n
et
w
o
r
k
o
n
t
h
e
f
l
y
d
u
e
to
its
m
o
b
ili
t
y
.
No
d
e
f
au
lts
w
il
l
o
cc
u
r
f
r
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
in
M
ANE
T
s
d
u
e
to
its
d
y
n
a
m
ic
m
o
v
e
m
en
t
o
f
n
o
d
es.
No
d
e
f
au
lt
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
s
i
tu
atio
n
w
h
er
e
a
n
o
d
e
is
u
n
a
v
ailab
le
d
u
e
to
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
f
r
o
m
i
ts
v
ici
n
it
y
o
r
li
n
k
Fail
u
r
e
o
r
d
r
ain
o
f
b
atter
y
.
W
h
en
a
n
o
d
e
f
a
u
lt
o
cc
u
r
s
,
th
e
s
er
v
ice
p
r
esen
t
in
t
h
at
n
o
d
e
is
al
s
o
n
o
t
av
a
ilab
le.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
ac
tio
n
is
to
s
u
b
s
titu
te
w
i
th
a
n
o
th
e
r
n
o
d
e
to
co
n
tin
u
e
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
2
.
3
.
2
.
F
a
ult
po
licies f
o
r
Serv
ice
f
a
il
ure
Ser
v
ice
f
au
l
t
m
ea
n
s
u
n
av
ai
lab
ilit
y
o
f
s
er
v
ice.
I
n
th
is
s
ec
t
io
n
,
w
e
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
ca
u
s
e
s
f
o
r
s
er
v
ice
f
au
lts
an
d
f
a
u
lt p
o
licies to
r
ec
o
v
er
f
r
o
m
f
ail
u
r
e.
a)
Ser
v
ice
u
n
a
v
ailab
le
-
Ser
v
ice
i
s
u
n
av
ai
lab
le
d
u
e
to
f
o
llo
w
in
g
r
ea
s
o
n
s
S
ervice
o
ve
r
lo
a
d
ed
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
eq
u
e
s
ts
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
s
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
s
er
v
ice,
th
e
s
er
v
ice
g
et
s
o
v
er
lo
ad
ed
.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
ac
ti
o
n
is
r
etr
y
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
s
er
v
ic
e
w
it
h
n
atte
m
p
ts
.
I
f
th
e
s
a
m
e
s
er
v
ice
is
av
a
ilab
le
w
it
h
n
at
te
m
p
t
s
t
h
en
th
e
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
i
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
ti
n
u
e
s
w
it
h
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
s
er
v
ic
e
else
t
h
e
s
er
v
ic
e
i
s
s
u
b
s
t
itu
ted
w
it
h
a
n
o
th
er
alter
n
ate
o
p
tim
a
l ser
v
ice
to
co
n
t
in
u
e
ex
ec
u
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
R
ejec
tio
n
o
f
ex
ec
u
tio
n
Ser
v
ic
e
r
ej
ec
ts
ex
ec
u
tio
n
r
eq
u
est.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
ac
tio
n
i
s
s
u
b
s
t
i
tu
ted
w
i
th
an
o
th
er
s
er
v
ice.
S
ervice
cra
s
h
ed
Ser
v
ice
i
s
cr
ash
ed
w
h
en
a
n
i
n
ter
n
al
p
r
o
b
le
m
o
cc
u
r
s
in
t
h
e
s
er
v
ice.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
n
o
d
e
is
a
v
ailab
le
an
d
s
er
v
ice
is
u
n
a
v
ailab
le.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
p
o
lic
y
d
o
esn
’
t
r
etr
y
a
n
d
tr
y
f
o
r
alter
n
ate
s
er
v
ice.
b)
Ser
v
ice
Qo
S
f
a
u
lt
s
-
Ser
v
i
ce
Qo
S
f
au
lt
s
w
ill
o
cc
u
r
w
h
e
n
th
e
s
er
v
ice
v
io
late
s
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
I
n
th
i
s
ca
s
e,
r
ec
o
v
er
y
ac
tio
n
is
r
etr
y
i
n
g
w
it
h
n
atte
m
p
t
s
to
r
esto
r
e
th
e
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
Qo
S
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
c)
Fu
n
ctio
n
al
a
n
d
b
eh
av
io
r
al
f
a
u
lts
F
u
n
ctio
n
a
l
an
d
b
eh
av
io
r
a
l
f
au
l
ts
r
ef
er
to
th
e
s
it
u
atio
n
w
h
er
e
a
s
er
v
ice
d
eliv
er
s
in
co
r
r
ec
t
r
esu
lt
s
d
u
e
to
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
er
r
o
r
s
o
r
c
an
n
o
t
co
m
p
lete
tas
k
ex
ec
u
tio
n
.
A
d
d
itio
n
a
ll
y
,
b
eh
av
io
r
al
f
a
u
lt
s
ca
n
o
cc
u
r
d
u
e
to
th
e
i
m
p
r
o
p
er
o
r
d
er
o
f
s
er
v
ice
i
n
v
o
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
ac
tio
n
is
n
o
t
to
r
etr
y
a
n
d
s
u
b
s
tit
u
te
it
w
it
h
t
h
e
alter
n
ate
s
er
v
ice.
d)
Ser
v
ice
o
p
er
atio
n
al
f
au
lt
s
Ser
v
ice
o
p
er
atio
n
al
f
a
u
lt
s
r
ef
er
t
o
th
e
f
a
u
lt
s
h
ap
p
en
i
n
g
d
u
e
to
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
co
n
g
es
tio
n
a
n
d
Secu
r
it
y
B
r
ea
ch
es.
I
t is a
tr
an
s
ie
n
t f
ai
lu
r
e
a
n
d
th
e
r
ec
o
v
er
y
ac
tio
n
i
s
R
etr
y
w
it
h
n
atte
m
p
t
s
.
T
ab
le
2
s
u
m
m
ar
izes
v
ar
io
u
s
f
au
lts
an
d
f
a
u
lt
h
a
n
d
lin
g
s
tr
ate
g
ies
s
p
ec
i
f
ied
b
y
t
h
e
s
er
v
ice
p
r
o
v
id
er
an
d
r
ec
o
v
er
y
m
a
n
ag
er
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8708
I
n
t J
E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
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n
g
,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
:
2
5
2
3
-
2533
2528
T
ab
le
2
.
Fau
lts
an
d
f
a
u
lt p
o
lici
es
S
.
N
o
F
a
u
l
t
C
a
u
se
A
c
t
i
o
n
S
p
e
c
i
f
i
e
d
b
y
S
e
r
v
i
c
e
P
r
o
v
i
d
e
r
A
c
t
i
o
n
I
n
i
t
i
a
t
e
d
b
y
R
e
c
o
v
e
r
y
man
a
g
e
r
1
N
o
d
e
u
n
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
N
o
d
e
mo
v
e
d
f
r
o
m v
i
c
i
n
i
t
y
D
o
n
’
t
R
e
t
r
y
S
u
b
s
t
i
t
u
t
e
L
i
n
k
F
a
i
l
u
r
e
D
o
n
’
t
R
e
t
r
y
S
u
b
s
t
i
t
u
t
e
D
r
a
i
n
o
f
f
B
a
t
t
e
r
y
D
o
n
’
t
R
e
t
r
y
S
u
b
s
t
i
t
u
t
e
2
S
e
r
v
i
c
e
u
n
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
O
v
e
r
l
o
a
d
e
d
R
e
t
r
y
(
n
)
R
e
t
r
y
(
n
)
R
e
j
e
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
e
x
e
c
u
t
i
o
n
D
o
n
’
t
R
e
t
r
y
S
u
b
s
t
i
t
u
t
e
S
e
r
v
i
c
e
U
n
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
,
S
e
r
v
i
c
e
c
r
a
s
h
e
d
D
o
n
’
t
R
e
t
r
y
S
u
b
s
t
i
t
u
t
e
3
S
e
r
v
i
c
e
Q
o
S
f
a
u
l
t
s
se
r
v
i
c
e
v
i
o
l
a
t
e
s t
h
e
p
r
e
d
e
f
i
n
e
d
Q
o
S
R
e
t
r
y
(
n
)
R
e
t
r
y
(
n
)
4
F
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
a
l
a
n
d
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
a
l
f
a
u
l
t
s
O
u
t
p
u
t
n
o
t
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
,
I
mp
r
o
p
e
r
i
n
v
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
r
d
e
r
o
f
se
r
v
i
c
e
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
D
o
n
’
t
R
e
t
r
y
S
u
b
s
t
i
t
u
t
e
5
S
e
r
v
i
c
e
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
f
a
u
l
t
s
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
c
o
n
g
e
st
i
o
n
,
S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
b
r
e
a
c
h
e
s
R
e
t
r
y
(
n
)
R
e
t
r
y
(
n
)
2
.
4
.
Serv
ice
re
s
po
ns
e
pa
c
k
et
Af
ter
r
ec
eiv
i
n
g
a
r
eq
u
est
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
er
v
ice
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
i
n
itia
to
r
,
if
th
e
n
o
d
e
co
n
tain
s
r
elate
d
s
er
v
ices,
it
in
itiate
s
a
s
i
n
g
le
r
esp
o
n
s
e
p
ac
k
et
f
o
r
all
s
er
v
ices.
B
y
r
ed
u
cin
g
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
ac
k
ets
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
s
er
v
ice
d
is
co
v
er
y
w
ill l
i
m
its
p
ac
k
et
o
v
er
h
ea
d
an
d
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
co
n
g
esti
o
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
r
esp
o
n
s
e
p
ac
k
et
f
o
r
m
at.
R
esp
o
n
s
e
P
ac
k
et
f
o
r
m
at
i
s
d
es
cr
ib
ed
as f
o
llo
w
s
:
1.
Ser
v
ice
C
o
m
p
o
s
it
io
n
I
n
itiato
r
A
d
d
r
ess
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
So
u
r
ce
n
o
d
e
I
P a
d
d
r
ess
.
2.
Ser
v
ice
P
r
o
v
id
er
A
d
d
r
ess
r
ep
r
esen
t ta
r
g
et
n
o
d
e
I
P
ad
d
r
ess
.
3.
E
n
er
g
y
I
n
d
e
x
Val
u
e
f
o
r
a
No
d
e
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
m
o
b
ilit
y
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
l
ik
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
,
n
o
d
e
m
o
b
ilit
y
,
an
d
s
er
v
ice
d
is
co
v
er
y
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
.
4.
Ho
p
C
o
u
n
t r
ep
r
esen
t
s
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
o
p
s
b
et
w
ee
n
s
o
u
r
ce
s
to
a
d
esti
n
atio
n
.
5.
T
im
eo
u
t r
ep
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
p
ac
k
et
aliv
e
ti
m
e.
6.
Seq
u
en
ce
N
u
m
b
er
co
u
n
ter
s
s
t
ale
u
s
e
o
f
o
ld
p
ac
k
ets.
7.
Ser
v
ice
I
D
R
ep
r
ese
n
ts
U
n
iq
u
e
id
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
s
er
v
ice
8.
E
n
er
g
y
I
n
d
ex
Val
u
e
f
o
r
Ser
v
ic
e
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
m
o
u
n
t o
f
en
er
g
y
n
ee
d
ed
to
p
r
o
ce
s
s
th
e
Ser
v
ice
9.
Ser
v
ice
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ti
m
e
i
s
t
h
e
ti
m
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
i
n
iti
atio
n
o
f
a
r
eq
u
est
to
f
ir
s
t
r
es
p
o
n
s
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
er
v
ice.
10.
Ser
v
ice
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
t i
s
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
eq
u
ests
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
p
er
u
n
i
t o
f
ti
m
e
b
y
t
h
e
s
er
v
ice
p
r
o
v
id
er
.
11.
Fau
lt a
ctio
n
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
w
h
il
e
f
ail
u
r
e
o
cc
u
r
r
ed
.
Fau
lt a
ctio
n
s
ar
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
T
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1
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Serv
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3
.
2
.
Serv
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po
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a
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ra
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Ser
v
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co
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Ser
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CO
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t
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ld
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s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[1
]
M
.
P
.
P
a
p
a
z
o
g
lo
u
a
n
d
W
.
J.
He
u
v
e
l,
“
S
e
rv
ice
o
rien
ted
a
rc
h
i
tec
tu
re
s:
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
e
s,
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
a
n
d
re
se
a
rc
h
issu
e
s,”
T
h
e
VL
DB
J
o
u
rn
a
lT
h
e
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
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l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
n
Ver
y
L
a
rg
e
D
a
ta
Ba
se
s
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
16
(
3
)
,
p
p
.
3
8
9
-
4
1
5
,
2
0
0
7
.
[2
]
I.
G
u
id
a
ra
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Dy
n
a
m
ic
se
le
c
ti
o
n
f
o
r
se
rv
ice
c
o
m
p
o
siti
o
n
b
a
se
d
o
n
tem
p
o
ra
l
a
n
d
q
o
s
c
o
n
stra
in
ts,”
S
e
rv
ice
s
Co
mp
u
t
in
g
(
S
CC),
2
0
1
6
IEE
E
In
t
e
rn
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
,
p
p
.
2
6
7
-
2
7
4
,
2
0
1
6
.
[3
]
J.
Bro
n
ste
d
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
e
rv
ice
c
o
m
p
o
siti
o
n
issu
e
s
in
p
e
rv
a
siv
e
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
”
IEE
E
Per
v
a
siv
e
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
9
(1
)
,
2
0
1
0
.
[4
]
L
.
Hu
i,
“
A
n
o
v
e
l
q
o
s
r
o
u
t
in
g
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
in
w
irele
ss
m
e
sh
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ie
n
c
e
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
11
(
3
)
,
p
p
.
1
6
5
2
-
1
6
6
4
,
2
0
1
3
.
[5
]
Y.
Ca
rd
in
a
le
a
n
d
M
.
R
u
k
o
z
,
“
F
a
u
lt
t
o
lera
n
t
e
x
e
c
u
ti
o
n
o
f
tran
sa
c
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
m
p
o
sit
e
w
e
b
se
rv
ice
s:
A
n
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
Pro
c
.
Fi
ft
h
I
n
t,
C
o
n
f
.
o
n
M
o
b
il
e
Ub
iq
u
it
o
u
s Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
S
y
ste
ms
,
S
e
rv
ice
s a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
,
p
p
.
1
5
8
-
1
6
4
,
2
0
1
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
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8708
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t J
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&
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o
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,
Vo
l.
9
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
201
9
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5
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3
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2533
2532
[6
]
A
.
L
iu
,
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
F
a
u
l
t
-
to
lera
n
t
o
rc
h
e
stra
ti
o
n
o
f
tran
sa
c
ti
o
n
a
l
w
e
b
se
rv
ice
s,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
fer
e
n
c
e
o
n
W
e
b
In
fo
rm
a
t
io
n
S
y
ste
ms
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
p
p
.
9
0
-
1
0
1
,
2
0
0
6
.
[7
]
K.
B.
F
e
rre
ira,
et
a
l.
,
“
Un
d
e
rsta
n
d
in
g
t
h
e
e
f
fe
c
ts
o
f
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
a
n
d
c
o
o
rd
in
a
ti
o
n
o
n
c
h
e
c
k
p
o
i
n
ti
n
g
a
t
sc
a
le,”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
i
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
fo
r h
i
g
h
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
c
o
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
n
e
two
rk
i
n
g
,
st
o
ra
g
e
a
n
d
a
n
a
lys
is
,
p
p
.
883
-
8
9
4
,
2
0
1
4
.
[8
]
B.
Ra
n
d
e
ll
,
“
S
y
ste
m
stru
c
tu
re
f
o
r
so
f
t
w
a
re
fa
u
lt
to
lera
n
c
e
,
”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s o
n
S
o
ft
wa
re
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l
.
2
,
p
p
.
220
-
2
3
2
,
1
9
7
5
.
[9
]
B.
Bh
a
rg
a
v
a
a
n
d
S
.
R.
L
ian
,
“
I
n
d
e
p
e
n
d
e
n
t
c
h
e
c
k
p
o
in
t
in
g
a
n
d
c
o
n
c
u
rre
n
t
ro
l
lb
a
c
k
f
o
r
re
c
o
v
e
r
y
in
d
istri
b
u
ted
s
y
ste
m
s
-
a
n
o
p
ti
m
isti
c
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
,
”
R
e
li
a
b
le
Distrib
u
ted
S
y
ste
ms
,
1
9
8
8
.
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
in
g
s,
S
e
v
e
n
th
S
y
mp
o
s
iu
m
o
n
,
p
p
.
3
-
1
2
,
1
9
8
8
.
[1
0
]
G
.
Ca
o
a
n
d
M
.
S
in
g
h
a
l,
“
M
u
ta
b
le
c
h
e
c
k
p
o
in
ts:
a
n
e
w
c
h
e
c
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
f
o
r
m
o
b
il
e
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
s
y
ste
m
s,
”
IEE
E
tra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
p
a
r
a
ll
e
l
a
n
d
d
istri
b
u
ted
sy
ste
ms
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
12
(
2
)
,
p
p
.
1
5
7
-
1
7
2
,
2
0
0
1
.
[1
1
]
R.
H.
Ne
tze
r
a
n
d
J.
X
u
,
“
Ne
c
e
ss
a
r
y
a
n
d
su
f
f
i
c
ien
t
c
o
n
d
i
ti
o
n
s
f
o
r
c
o
n
siste
n
t
g
lo
b
a
l
sn
a
p
s
h
o
ts,”
IE
E
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
P
a
ra
l
lel
a
n
d
d
istri
b
u
ted
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
6
(
2
)
,
p
p
.
1
6
5
-
1
6
9
,
1
9
9
5
.
[1
2
]
W
.
Yu
e
m
in
,
“
W
e
b
se
rv
ic
e
c
o
m
p
o
siti
o
n
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
b
a
se
d
o
n
d
e
sc
rip
ti
o
n
l
o
g
ic,”
T
E
L
KOM
NIKA
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l
/
issu
e
:
12
(
1
)
,
p
p
.
8
5
2
-
8
5
8
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
3
]
G
.
Ja
n
a
k
ira
m
a
n
a
n
d
Y.
T
a
m
ir,
“
Co
o
rd
in
a
ted
c
h
e
c
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
-
ro
ll
b
a
c
k
e
rro
r
re
c
o
v
e
r
y
f
o
r
d
istri
b
u
ted
sh
a
re
d
m
e
m
o
r
y
m
u
lt
ico
m
p
u
ters
,
”
Relia
b
le D
istrib
u
ted
S
y
ste
ms
,
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s,
1
3
th
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
on
,
p
p
.
4
2
-
51
,
1
9
9
4
.
[1
4
]
P
.
Ku
m
a
r,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
n
o
n
-
in
tr
u
si
v
e
m
in
im
u
m
p
ro
c
e
ss
s
y
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
c
h
e
c
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
f
o
r
m
o
b
il
e
d
istri
b
u
ted
s
y
ste
m
s,”
Per
so
n
a
l
W
ire
les
s
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s,
ICPW
C
2
0
0
5
.
IE
EE
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
,
p
p
.
4
9
1
-
4
9
5
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
5
]
C.
L
iu
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
A
lo
w
-
late
n
c
y
se
r
v
ice
c
o
m
p
o
siti
o
n
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
in
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
h
o
c
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,”
Pro
c
e
e
d
in
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
2
9
t
h
An
n
u
a
l
ACM
S
y
mp
o
siu
m
o
n
Ap
p
l
ied
Co
mp
u
ti
n
g
,
p
p
.
5
0
9
-
5
1
1
,
2
0
1
4
.
[1
6
]
U.
A
g
u
il
e
ra
a
n
d
D.
L
´
o
p
e
z
-
d
e
Ip
i
n
a
,
“
S
e
rv
ice
c
o
m
p
o
siti
o
n
f
o
r
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
h
o
c
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
u
sin
g
d
istri
b
u
ted
m
a
tch
in
g
,
”
Ub
iq
u
it
o
u
s Co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
a
n
d
Amb
i
e
n
t
In
telli
g
e
n
c
e
,
p
p
.
2
9
0
-
2
9
7
,
2
0
1
2
.
[1
7
]
D.
Ch
a
k
ra
b
o
rty
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
e
rv
ice
c
o
m
p
o
siti
o
n
f
o
r
m
o
b
il
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts,”
M
o
b
il
e
Ne
two
rk
s
a
n
d
Ap
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
10
(
4
)
,
p
p
.
4
3
5
-
4
5
1
,
2
0
0
5
.
[1
8
]
P
.
Ba
su
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
S
c
a
lab
le
se
rv
ice
c
o
m
p
o
siti
o
n
i
n
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
h
o
c
n
e
t
w
o
rk
s
u
sin
g
h
iera
rc
h
ica
l
tas
k
g
ra
p
h
s,”
Pro
c
.
1
st
An
n
u
a
l
M
e
d
it
e
rr
a
n
e
a
n
A
d
Ho
c
N
e
two
rk
in
g
W
o
rk
sh
o
p
,
2
0
0
2
.
[1
9
]
L
.
L
a
m
p
o
rt,
“
T
i
m
e
,
c
lo
c
k
s,
a
n
d
th
e
o
rd
e
ri
n
g
o
f
e
v
e
n
ts
in
a
d
ist
rib
u
t
e
d
sy
ste
m
,
”
Co
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
ACM
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
21
(
7
)
,
p
p
.
5
5
8
-
5
6
5
,
1
9
7
8
.
[2
0
]
L
.
K.
Aw
a
sth
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
M
i
n
imu
m
m
u
tab
le
c
h
e
c
k
p
o
in
t
-
b
a
se
d
c
o
o
r
d
in
a
ted
c
h
e
c
k
p
o
in
ti
n
g
p
ro
to
c
o
l
f
o
r
m
o
b
il
e
d
istri
b
u
ted
sy
ste
m
s,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
C
o
mm
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
Ne
t
wo
rk
s
a
n
d
Distrib
u
ted
S
y
ste
ms
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
12
(
4
)
,
p
p
.
3
5
6
-
3
8
0
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
1
]
L
.
C.
L
le
w
e
ll
y
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Distrib
u
ted
f
a
u
lt
-
to
lera
n
t
q
u
a
li
ty
o
f
w
irele
ss
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,”
IEE
E
T
ra
n
sa
c
ti
o
n
s
o
n
M
o
b
il
e
Co
mp
u
t
in
g
,
v
o
l
/
issu
e
:
10
(
2
)
,
p
p
.
1
7
5
-
1
9
0
,
2
0
1
1
.
[2
2
]
R.
M
.
De
sa
i,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Ro
u
ti
n
g
p
ro
to
c
o
l
s
f
o
r
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
h
o
c
n
e
tw
o
rk
-
a
su
rv
e
y
a
n
d
a
n
a
ly
sis,”
In
d
o
n
e
sia
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
7
(
3
)
,
p
p
.
7
9
5
-
8
0
1
,
2
0
1
7
.
[2
3
]
M
.
R.
Ch
a
n
d
ra
a
n
d
P
.
C.
S
.
Re
d
d
y
,
“
F
a
u
lt
to
lera
n
c
e
q
o
s
ro
u
ti
n
g
p
ro
to
c
o
l
f
o
r
m
a
n
e
ts,”
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
Co
mp
u
t
i
n
g
(
IACC),
IEE
E
6
t
h
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
fer
e
n
c
e
on
,
p
p
.
6
2
3
-
6
2
8
,
2
0
1
6
.
[2
4
]
R.
Ha
v
in
a
l,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
Eas
r:
G
ra
p
h
-
b
a
se
d
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
f
o
r
e
n
e
rg
y
e
ff
i
c
ien
t
sm
a
rt
ro
u
ti
n
g
i
n
m
a
n
e
t
u
si
n
g
a
v
a
il
a
b
il
it
y
z
o
n
e
s,”
In
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
trica
l
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
v
o
l
/i
ss
u
e
:
5
(
6
)
,
p
p
.
1
3
8
1
-
1
3
9
5
,
2
0
1
5
.
[2
5
]
S
.
Jo
s
h
i
a
n
d
A
.
S
r
in
iv
a
s,
“
P
o
w
e
r
a
wa
re
f
a
u
lt
to
lera
n
c
e
i
n
w
irele
ss
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
w
it
h
h
e
tero
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
n
o
d
e
s,”
El
e
c
tro
n
i
c
S
y
ste
m De
sig
n
(
IS
ED),
Fi
ft
h
I
n
ter
n
a
ti
o
n
a
l
S
y
mp
o
si
u
m
on
,
p
p
.
1
7
6
-
1
8
1
,
2
0
1
4
.
[2
6
]
K.
Kira
n
,
e
t
a
l.
,
“
F
a
u
lt
to
lera
n
t
b
e
e
h
iv
e
ro
u
ti
n
g
in
m
o
b
il
e
a
d
-
h
o
c
m
u
lt
i
-
ra
d
i
o
n
e
tw
o
rk
,
”
Reg
io
n
1
0
S
y
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CS
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