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gi
n
g
t
he
v
al
u
e
s
o
f
l
u
m
p
ed
cap
aci
t
o
r
s
w
h
en
t
h
e
y
ar
e
lo
a
d
e
d
to
th
e
le
a
k
y
s
lo
ts
o
f
pe
r
i
odi
c
a
l
d
e
s
i
gn o
f
L
W
A
[
19]
,
[2
0]
.
Y
et
i
n
an
o
t
h
er
r
es
ear
c
h
[
21]
,
el
ect
r
o
n
i
c b
ea
m
s
ca
n
n
i
n
g
w
as
at
t
ai
n
ed
a
t
f
i
xe
d
f
r
e
q
ue
nc
y
b
y
c
ha
ng
i
n
g
t
h
e v
ar
act
o
r
s
v
o
l
t
ag
e i
n
a 1
-
D
Fa
b
r
y
-
P
er
o
t
L
W
A
.
T
h
e r
es
ear
ch
er
s
i
n
[
22]
co
n
n
ect
ed
3
5
l
i
m
p
ed
cap
aci
t
o
r
s
t
o
t
h
e
m
i
cr
o
s
t
r
i
p
f
r
ee e
d
g
e f
o
r
t
h
e p
r
ed
i
ct
ed
r
ad
i
at
i
o
n
p
at
t
er
n
s
f
o
r
a
r
eco
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
l
e H
W
-
M
L
W
A.
T
h
e
f
u
l
l c
o
n
tr
o
l
f
o
r
r
a
d
ia
tio
n
p
a
tte
r
n
a
t
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
f
r
e
q
ue
nc
y i
n
[
23]
,
[
24]
b
y
va
r
yi
ng
th
e
b
ia
s
in
g
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
v
a
r
a
c
to
r
l
oa
de
d c
o
m
pos
i
t
e
r
i
g
ht
-
l
e
f
t
/
ha
n
de
d (
C
R
L
H
)
M
L
W
A
.
I
t
w
a
s
f
oun
d b
y
[
25]
t
ha
t
if
M
L
W
A
is
lo
a
d
e
d
w
i
th
m
u
l
tip
le
s
t
u
bs
o
n
bot
h e
dg
e
s
of
m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p,
i
t
i
s
pos
s
i
bl
e
t
o
ge
t
be
a
m
s
c
a
nn
i
ng
a
t
f
i
xe
d
f
r
e
q
ue
nc
y
pr
ov
i
de
d
s
p
a
ci
n
g
b
et
w
een
ad
j
acen
t
s
t
u
b
s
i
s
v
ar
i
ed
.
T
h
e r
es
ear
c
h
er
s
co
n
s
i
d
er
ed
o
p
en
-
ci
r
cu
i
t
a
nd
s
ho
r
t
-
c
i
r
c
ui
t
s
t
ub
s
f
o
r
t
he
i
r
d
e
s
i
gn.
I
n
t
h
i
s
p
ap
er
,
a r
eco
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
l
e
h
al
f
-
wi
d
t
h
M
L
W
A (
H
W
-
M
L
W
A
)
i
s
p
r
es
en
t
ed
.
O
ne
s
i
d
e
o
f
t
he
HW
-
M
L
W
A
i
s
l
oa
de
d by
c
ont
r
ol
c
e
l
l
s
ar
e co
n
t
ai
n
f
r
o
m
tw
o
tr
i
a
n
g
u
l
ar
pe
r
i
odi
c
p
at
ch
es
t
h
at
can
b
e s
el
ect
i
v
e
c
on
n
e
c
t
e
d t
o g
r
oun
d us
i
n
g
s
w
itc
h
e
s
P
I
N
di
ode
s
.
C
h
a
ng
i
n
g
t
h
e
pe
r
i
odi
c
l
oa
di
n
g
on
t
h
e
m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p l
i
n
e
c
h
a
ng
e
t
h
e ef
f
ect
i
v
e
β
o
f t
h
e
r
a
d
ia
tio
n
li
n
e
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
r
a
d
ia
tio
n
p
a
tte
r
n
c
a
n
b
e
s
te
e
r
e
d
b
y
c
o
n
tr
o
llin
g
th
e
s
ta
te
s
(
O
N
a
nd
O
FF
)
of
t
h
e
P
I
N
di
ode
s
.
2.
AN
T
E
NNA CO
NF
I
G
U
RAT
I
O
N
T
h
e
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
pr
opos
e
d i
s
a
m
odi
f
i
e
d H
W
-
M
L
W
A
w
i
t
h pe
r
i
odi
c
c
o
n
tr
o
l c
e
ll
a
s
s
ho
w
n i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e 1
a.
T
hi
s
H
W
-
M
L
W
A
i
s
de
s
i
g
n
e
d on
R
og
e
r
s
R
T
5880 s
u
bs
t
r
a
t
e
w
i
t
h
εr
=
2.
2,
a
n
d
t
anδ
=
0.
0009.
L
e
ngt
h (
L
),
wi
d
t
h
(
W
)
,
a
nd
he
i
ght
(
h
)
o
f
t
he
s
ub
s
t
r
a
t
e
is
231
mm
(
3.
234
λ
o
)
,
47
mm (
0.
658
λ
o
)
,
a
nd
1,
575
mm,
r
es
p
ect
i
v
el
y
,
w
h
er
e
λ
o
d
en
o
t
e
s
t
h
e
f
r
ee
-
s
p
ace w
a
v
el
e
n
g
t
h
th
a
t
is
ca
l
cu
l
at
ed
at
4
.
2
GHz
.
L
e
n
g
t
h a
n
d
w
i
dt
h of
t
he
gr
o
u
nd
p
l
a
ne
ha
s
t
he
s
a
m
e
r
e
s
p
e
c
t
i
ve
d
i
m
e
ns
i
o
ns
o
f
t
h
e
s
ub
s
t
r
a
t
e
.
T
he
l
e
n
gt
h
(
l
p
)
a
nd
t
he
w
id
th
(
W
p
)
o
f
m
ic
r
o
s
tr
ip
lin
e
is
222
mm (
3.
108
λ
o
)
a
nd
1
2
mm
(
0.
168
λ
o
)
,
r
e
s
p
ect
i
v
el
y
.
T
h
e
pr
opos
e
d
H
W
-
M
L
W
A
i
s
f
ed
f
r
o
m
o
n
e en
d
o
f
t
h
e r
ad
i
at
i
o
n
el
e
m
e
n
t
u
s
i
n
g
a s
t
an
d
ar
d
S
M
A
f
eed
a
nd
t
he
o
t
he
r
e
nd
i
s
te
r
m
i
n
a
te
d
w
i
t
h
a
50Ω
m
a
t
c
h
e
d
l
oa
d
(
l
u
m
p
e
d
e
le
m
e
n
t)
to
a
v
o
id
r
e
f
le
c
tio
n
a
nd
t
o
ach
i
ev
e
g
ood i
m
pe
da
n
c
e
m
a
t
c
h
i
n
g
a
s
d
e
m
o
ns
t
r
a
t
e
d
i
n
F
ig
u
re
1
(b
).
a
n
d
1
(c
)
.
D
i
m
e
ns
i
ons
of
t
h
e
f
eed
l
i
n
e ar
e
o
p
t
i
m
i
zed
acco
r
d
i
n
g
t
o
s
o
m
e
p
ar
am
et
r
i
c
s
t
u
d
i
es
.
T
h
e o
p
t
i
m
u
m
p
ar
a
m
et
er
v
al
u
e
s
f
o
r
t
h
e
l
en
g
t
h
(
l
f
)
a
n
d
w
i
dt
h
(
w
f
)
o
f
t
h
e
f
eed
en
d
ar
e
4.
5
m
m
a
nd
4
m
m
,
r
es
p
ect
i
v
el
y
.
O
n
e
ed
g
e
o
f
m
ic
r
o
s
tr
ip
lin
e
i
s
co
n
n
ect
ed
t
o
t
he
gr
o
und
us
i
n
g a
v
i
as
ar
r
a
y
,
w
h
i
ch
i
s
p
l
aced
al
o
n
g
t
h
e
ed
g
e o
f
m
ic
r
o
s
tr
ip
li
n
e
.
M
a
j
o
r
p
ur
p
os
e
o
f
t
he
v
i
as
ar
r
a
y
i
s
t
o a
v
oi
d t
h
e
pr
opa
g
a
t
i
on
of
t
h
e
f
u
n
da
m
e
n
ta
l
t
r
an
s
v
er
s
a
l
el
ect
r
o
m
ag
n
et
i
c (
T
E
M
)
w
a
v
e
a
n
d t
o s
u
ppor
t
t
he
p
r
o
p
a
ga
t
i
ng o
f
f
i
r
s
t
hi
ghe
r
o
r
d
e
r
m
o
d
e
t
hr
o
ug
h t
he
s
t
r
uc
t
ur
e
[
2
6]
,
[
27]
. T
he
pr
o
po
s
e
d
a
nt
e
nna
t
o
s
ho
r
t
e
n t
he
e
d
ge
ar
e u
s
ed
109
vi
a
s
.
T
he
de
s
i
g
n c
o
n
f
i
gur
a
t
i
o
ns
o
f
t
he
s
e
s
t
r
uc
t
ur
e
s
ha
ve
b
e
e
n p
r
e
s
e
nt
e
d
i
n.
T
he
m
et
al
l
i
zed
d
ia
m
e
te
r
(
d
)
an
d
d
i
s
t
a
n
ce (
S
)
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e t
w
o
ad
j
acen
t
v
i
as
can
b
e cal
c
u
l
at
ed
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g
eq
u
at
i
o
n
s,
t
ha
t
s
e
t
t
he
d
e
s
i
gn r
ul
e
s
[
28]
,
[
29]
>
0
.
2
,
≤
0
.
5
(2
)
T
h
e d
i
s
t
an
ce (
S
)
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
t
w
o
v
i
as
i
s
1
.5
m
m
,
an
d
t
h
e
v
al
u
e o
f
t
h
e d
i
a
m
e
t
er
(
d
)
o
f
each
v
i
a
i
s
0
.
8
m
m
.
T
h
e ap
p
r
o
p
r
i
at
e g
ap
(
m
)
b
et
w
een
t
h
e
f
eed
an
d
t
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
v
i
a
a
nd
ga
p
(
n
)
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
cel
l
an
d
f
eed
ar
e
4
.
9
mm
a
n
d 30.
3m
m
,
r
e
s
pe
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
A
s
s
ho
w
n i
n F
i
g
ur
e
1
(
c)
,
t
h
es
e g
ap
s
ar
e
re
q
u
i
re
d
t
o
f
o
r
ce t
h
e
w
av
e
t
o
w
a
r
d t
h
e
m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p e
dg
e
s
a
n
d i
m
pr
ov
e
m
a
t
c
hi
ng
i
m
pe
da
nc
e
[
30]
.
3.
CO
NT
RO
L
C
E
L
L
CO
NF
I
G
URAT
I
O
N
T
h
e co
n
cep
t
o
f
c
a
s
c
a
d
in
g
m
u
ltip
le
t
y
p
e
o
f
u
n
it c
e
ll
s
to
c
r
eat
e
a
l
ar
g
er
ce
l
l
h
as
b
een
pr
e
v
i
ou
sl
y
s
tu
d
ie
d
by
[
31]
[
3
2]
f
or
n
on
r
e
c
on
f
i
gu
r
a
bl
e
s
t
r
uc
t
ur
e
s
.
M
aj
o
r
d
r
a
w
b
ack
i
n
t
h
at
ap
p
r
o
ach
is
t
h
a
t t
h
i
s
de
s
i
gn
s
y
st
e
m
i
s
no
nr
e
c
o
nf
i
g
ur
a
b
l
e
,
w
hi
c
h m
e
a
ns
l
ar
g
e cel
l
s
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
ope
r
a
t
e
d f
or
ot
h
e
r
c
on
f
i
gu
r
a
t
i
on
s
a
f
t
e
r
f
ab
r
i
cat
io
n
.
I
n
t
h
i
s
r
es
ear
ch
,
t
he
id
e
a
o
f
a
r
eco
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
l
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
c
e
ll
is
p
r
e
s
e
n
te
d
,
w
hi
c
h
c
o
ns
i
s
t
s
o
f
s
ma
l
l
r
e
c
o
nf
i
gur
a
b
l
e
u
ni
t
c
e
lls
.
T
he
d
e
s
ig
n
a
llo
w
s
to
d
y
n
a
m
ic
a
ll
y
c
h
a
n
g
e
th
e
ch
ar
act
er
i
s
t
i
cs
an
d
s
i
ze
o
f t
h
e
l
a
r
ge
-
cel
l
.
T
h
e
f
r
ee
ed
g
e
o
f
m
i
cr
o
s
t
r
i
p
l
i
n
e
co
n
t
ai
n
s
(7
)
eq
u
al
l
y
s
p
ac
ed
c
o
n
tr
o
l
c
e
lls
wi
t
h
a
s
p
ace
s
ep
ar
at
i
o
n
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&
C
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:
2088
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8708
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ont
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ol
R
adi
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on P
at
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r
n f
or
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al
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i
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2961
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a
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y c
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he
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ne
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t
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d
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i
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r
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al
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f t
h
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h
e
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i.
e
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d
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t
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g
a
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ect
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a)
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(
c)
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i
gu
r
e
1.
R
eco
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
l
e p
er
i
o
d
i
c H
W
-
M
L
W
As
,
(
a
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to
p
v
ie
w
,
(
b
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m
a
tc
h
in
g
lo
a
d
w
i
th
c
o
n
tr
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l c
e
ll (
c
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p
o
r
t
an
d
f
eed
l
i
n
e
4.
R
E
SU
L
T
S & D
I
SC
U
SSI
O
N
T
h
e
P
I
N
d
i
o
d
es
w
er
e s
i
m
u
l
at
e
d
as
i
d
eal
s
w
i
t
ch
e
s
i
n
t
h
i
s
d
es
i
g
n
.
I
n
t
h
e
(
O
N)
s
t
at
e,
t
h
e d
i
o
d
e act
s
as
a
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
c
u
it a
n
d
in
(
O
FF)
s
t
at
e t
h
e d
i
o
d
e
act
s
as
an
o
p
en
ci
r
cu
i
t
.
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er
eaf
t
er
,
O
N
s
t
at
e
w
i
l
l
b
e
d
en
o
t
ed
as
“
1
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nd
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FF
s
t
at
e as
“
0
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S
i
n
c
e each
P
I
N
d
i
o
d
e can
b
e i
n
d
i
v
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d
u
al
l
y
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n
t
r
o
l
l
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w
i
d
e v
ar
i
et
y
o
f
s
w
i
t
c
h
co
n
f
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g
u
r
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n
s
ar
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p
o
s
s
ib
le
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h
e
r
a
d
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tio
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o
f
th
e
H
W
-
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L
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s
te
s
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r
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s
w
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ur
a
t
i
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ns
w
h
i
c
h
ar
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u
m
m
ar
i
zed
in
T
a
b
le
1
.
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h
e
r
a
d
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tio
n
p
a
tte
r
n
s
a
t
4
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G
H
z
f
o
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th
e
s
e
s
w
itc
h
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n
f
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g
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r
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ar
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de
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r
a
t
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d
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n
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i
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t
i
s
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r
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t
h
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h
a
t
t
h
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m
a
i
n
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m
can
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e s
t
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m
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te
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t
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le
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te
d
s
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itc
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onf
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r
a
t
i
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s
.
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h
e s
t
at
e o
f
each
P
I
N
d
i
o
d
e
c
h
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g
es
t
h
e r
eact
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ce b
et
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t
h
e co
r
r
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p
o
n
d
i
n
g
tr
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n
g
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la
r
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nd
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a
vi
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d
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f
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r
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h
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n
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i
n
t
r
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t
r
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al
o
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t
h
e
m
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o
s
t
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ach
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s
e r
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ce
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n
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I
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m
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S
N
:
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8708
C
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2965
R
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1]
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2,
pp
.
5
37
2
–
538
1,
2
01
5.
[
2]
M
.
K.
M
o
h
se
n
e
t
a
l.
,
“
T
he
F
u
nda
m
e
nt
a
l
of
L
e
a
ky
W
a
v
e
A
nt
e
nna
,
”
v
ol
.
1
0,
no
.
1
,
p
p.
11
9
–
12
7,
20
18
.
[
3]
W
.
M
en
zel
,
“
A
n
e
w
t
r
av
el
l
i
n
g
-
w
av
e
an
t
en
n
a i
n
m
i
cr
o
s
t
r
i
p
,
”
A
r
c
h.
E
l
e
k
t
r
on.
un
d U
e
be
r
t
r
ag
un
gs
t
e
c
hni
k
,
vo
l
.
33
,
no
.
2,
p
p.
13
7
--
14
0,
19
79.
[
4]
H.
E
r
m
er
t
,
U
.
E
r
l
an
g
en
-
num
be
r
g,
a
nd D
.
-
E
r
l
an
g
en
,
“G
u
i
d
i
n
g
an
d
r
ad
i
at
i
o
n
ch
ar
act
er
i
s
t
i
cs
o
f
p
l
an
ar
w
a
v
eg
u
i
d
es
,
”
I
et
M
i
cr
o
w
a
ves
,
O
p
t
.
A
co
u
s
t
.
,
v
o
l
. 3
,
n
o
. 2
, p
p
.
5
9
–
62
,
1
97
9.
[
5]
A
.
A
. O
l
i
n
e
r
,
L
e
ak
age
f
r
om
hi
g
h
e
r
m
ode
s
on m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p l
i
ne
w
i
t
h
app
l
i
c
at
i
on t
o a
nt
e
n
nas
,
v
ol
.
22
,
no.
6.
R
a
di
o S
c
i
,
198
7.
[
6]
J
.
L
i
u,
D
.
R
.
J
a
c
k
s
on,
Y
.
L
i
,
C
.
Z
ha
ng
,
a
nd Y
.
L
ong
,
“
I
nv
e
s
t
i
g
a
t
i
ons
of
S
I
W
l
e
a
ky
-
w
a
ve
a
nt
e
nna
f
or
e
ndf
i
r
e
-
r
a
di
a
t
i
on w
i
t
h na
r
r
ow
be
a
m
a
nd s
i
de
l
obe
s
u
ppr
e
s
s
i
o
n,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
ns
.
A
nt
e
n
nas
P
r
op
ag.
, v
o
l
. 6
2
, n
o
. 9
,
p
p
.
4
48
9
–
449
7,
20
14
.
[
7]
N
a
s
i
m
u
d
d
in
,
Z.
N
.
C
h
e
n
,
a
n
d
X
.
Q
in
g
,
“
M
u
ltila
y
e
r
e
d
c
o
m
p
o
s
ite
r
ig
h
t/le
f
t
-
h
an
d
ed
l
eak
y
-
w
a
v
e an
t
en
n
a w
i
t
h
co
n
s
i
s
t
en
t
g
ai
n
,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
ans
.
A
nt
e
nnas
P
r
op
ag.
,
v
ol
.
6
0,
no.
1
1,
pp
.
50
56
–
50
62
,
2
01
2.
[
8]
C
.
J
i
n a
nd A
.
A
l
phone
s
,
“
L
e
a
ky
-
w
av
e r
ad
i
at
i
on be
ha
v
i
or
f
r
om
a
dou
bl
e
pe
r
i
o
di
c
c
om
pos
i
t
e
r
i
g
ht
/
l
e
f
t
-
ha
nde
d
s
u
b
s
t
r
at
e i
n
t
eg
r
at
ed
w
av
e
g
u
i
d
e,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
ns
.
A
nt
e
n
nas
P
r
op
ag
.
,
v
ol
.
60,
n
o.
4,
pp.
1
72
7
–
17
35,
2
01
2.
[
9]
G
.
F
.
C
he
ng
a
nd C
.
K
.
C
.
T
z
ua
ng
,
“
A
di
f
f
e
r
e
nt
i
a
l
l
y
e
xc
i
t
e
d c
oupl
e
d ha
l
f
-
w
id
th
m
i
c
r
o
s
tr
ip
l
eak
y
m
o
d
e an
t
en
n
a,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
ns
.
A
nt
e
n
nas
P
r
op
ag
.
,
v
ol
.
61,
n
o.
12,
p
p.
58
85
–
5
89
2,
20
13.
[
1
0]
N.
Ng
u
y
e
n
-
T
r
ong
,
T
.
K
a
uf
m
a
nn,
a
nd C
.
F
um
e
a
ux
,
“
A
w
i
de
ba
nd
om
ni
di
r
e
c
t
i
ona
l
hor
i
z
o
nt
a
l
l
y
pol
a
r
i
z
e
d t
r
a
v
e
l
i
ng
-
w
a
v
e an
t
en
n
a b
as
ed
o
n
h
al
f
-
m
o
d
e s
u
b
s
t
r
at
e i
n
t
eg
r
at
ed
w
a
ve
gu
i
d
e
,
”
I
E
E
E
A
n
t
e
n
n
a
s
W
i
r
e
l
. P
r
o
p
a
g
.
L
e
t
t
.
,
vo
l
.
12
,
p
p.
682
–
68
5,
20
13
.
[
1
1]
A
.
P
o
u
r
g
h
o
r
b
an
S
ag
h
at
i
,
M
.
M
.
M
i
r
s
al
eh
i
,
an
d
M
.
H
.
N
es
h
at
i
,
“A
H
M
S
I
W
ci
r
cu
l
ar
l
y
p
o
l
ar
i
zed
l
eak
y
-
w
a
v
e an
t
en
n
a
w
i
t
h ba
c
kw
a
r
d,
br
oa
ds
i
de
,
a
nd
f
or
w
a
r
d r
a
di
a
t
i
on,
”
I
E
E
E
A
n
t
e
n
n
a
s
W
ir
e
l.
Pr
o
p
a
g
.
L
e
tt.
,
v
o
l
.
13,
p
p.
451
–
45
4,
20
14
.
[
1
2]
N
.
N
as
i
m
u
d
d
i
n
,
Z
.
N
.
C
h
en
,
an
d
X
.
Q
i
n
g
,
“S
u
b
s
t
r
at
e i
n
t
eg
r
at
ed
m
et
a
m
at
er
i
al
-
b
as
ed
l
eak
y
-
w
a
v
e an
t
en
n
a w
i
t
h
i
m
pr
ov
e
d bor
e
s
i
g
ht
r
a
di
a
t
i
on
ba
n
dw
i
dt
h,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
ns
.
A
nt
e
n
nas
P
r
opa
g.
,
v
ol
.
61,
n
o.
7,
pp.
3
45
1
–
34
5
7,
20
13
.
[
1
3]
Y
.
M
oht
a
s
ha
m
i
a
nd J
.
R
a
s
he
d
-
M
o
h
as
s
el
,
“A
b
u
t
t
er
f
l
y
s
u
b
s
t
r
at
e
i
n
t
eg
r
at
ed
w
av
e
g
u
i
d
e l
eak
y
-
w
av
e an
t
en
n
a,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
ans
.
A
nt
e
n
nas
P
r
op
ag
.
,
v
ol
.
6
2,
no.
6,
p
p.
33
84
–
3
38
8,
20
14.
[
1
4]
J
.
L
i
u,
D
.
R
.
J
a
c
k
s
on,
a
n
d Y
.
L
ong
,
“
S
ubs
t
r
a
t
e
i
nt
e
g
r
a
t
e
d w
a
ve
g
u
i
d
e (
S
I
W
)
l
eak
y
-
w
a
v
e an
t
en
n
a w
i
t
h
t
r
an
s
v
er
s
e
sl
o
t
s,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
ns
.
A
nt
e
nn
as
P
r
o
pag
.
, v
o
l
. 6
0
,
n
o
. 1
, p
p
.
2
0
–
2
9,
20
12.
[
1
5]
Y
.
Ge
n
g
e
t a
l.
,
“
H
i
gh
-
E
f
f
i
ci
e
n
cy
L
ea
k
y
-
W
a
v
e
A
nt
e
nna
A
r
r
a
y
W
i
t
h S
i
de
l
o
be
S
u
ppr
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
nd M
ul
t
i
be
a
m
G
e
ne
r
a
t
i
on,
”
v
ol
.
1
6,
pp.
2
78
7
–
27
9
0,
20
17
.
[
1
6]
M
.
A
r
c
hbol
d,
E
.
J
.
R
ot
hw
e
l
l
,
L
.
C
.
K
e
m
pe
l
,
a
nd S
.
W
.
S
c
hne
i
de
r
,
“
B
e
a
m
s
t
e
e
r
i
ng
of
a
ha
l
f
-
w
id
th
m
ic
r
o
s
tr
ip
le
a
k
y
-
w
a
v
e
a
nt
e
nna
us
i
ng
e
dg
e
l
oa
di
ng
,
”
I
E
E
E
A
n
t
e
n
n
a
s
W
i
r
e
l
. P
r
o
p
a
g
.
L
e
t
t
.
,
v
ol
.
9,
p
p.
20
3
–
20
6,
20
10.
[
1
7]
N.
Ng
u
y
e
n
-
T
r
ong
,
L
.
H
a
l
l
,
a
nd C
.
F
um
e
a
ux
,
“
T
r
a
ns
m
i
s
s
i
on
-
L
i
ne
M
ode
l
of
N
onu
ni
f
or
m
L
e
a
ky
-
W
a
v
e A
n
t
en
n
as
,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
ns
.
A
nt
e
n
nas
P
r
op
ag
.
,
v
ol
.
64,
n
o.
3,
pp.
8
83
–
8
93,
2
01
6.
[
1
8]
W
.
F
us
c
a
l
do,
D
.
R
.
J
a
c
k
s
on,
a
nd
A
.
G
a
l
l
i
,
“
B
e
a
m
w
i
dt
h
P
r
o
pe
r
t
i
e
s
of
E
ndf
i
r
e
1
-
D
Le
a
k
y
-
W
a
v
e
A
nt
e
nna
s
,
”
v
ol
.
6
5,
no.
11
,
p
p.
28
1
–
28
2,
20
17
.
[
1
9]
G
.
A
ug
us
t
i
n,
S
.
V
.
S
hy
nu,
C
.
K
.
A
a
na
nda
n,
P
.
M
oha
na
n,
a
nd K
.
V
a
s
ude
v
a
n,
“
A
nov
e
l
e
l
e
c
t
r
oni
c
a
l
l
y
s
c
a
nna
bl
e
l
og
-
p
er
i
o
d
i
c l
eak
y
-
w
a
v
e an
t
en
n
a,
”
M
ic
r
o
w
.
O
p
t.
T
e
c
h
n
o
l.
L
e
tt.
,
v
o
l
.
45,
no.
2,
p
p.
16
3
–
16
5,
20
05.
[
2
0]
D
. K
. K
a
r
m
o
k
a
r
, K
. P
. E
s
s
e
l
l
e
, a
n
d
S
. G
. H
a
y
, “
F
i
x
e
d
-
F
r
eq
u
en
cy
B
ea
m
S
t
e
er
i
n
g
o
f
M
i
cr
o
s
t
r
i
p
L
eak
y
-
W
a
v
e
A
n
t
en
n
as
U
s
i
n
g
B
i
n
ar
y
S
w
i
t
ch
es
,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
ns
.
A
nt
e
n
nas
P
r
op
ag
.
,
vo
l
.
64
,
n
o.
6,
pp
.
2
14
6
–
2
15
4,
20
16.
[
2
1]
R
.
G
u
z
má
n
-
Qu
i
r
ó
s,
J.
L
.
G
ó
m
e
z
-
T
o
rn
e
ro
,
A
.
R
.
W
ei
l
y
,
an
d
Y
.
J
.
G
u
o
,
“E
l
ect
r
o
n
i
cal
l
y
s
t
eer
ab
l
e
1
-
d f
a
br
y
-
pe
r
ot
l
eak
y
-
w
av
e an
t
en
n
a em
p
l
o
y
i
n
g
a t
u
n
ab
l
e h
i
g
h
i
m
p
ed
an
ce s
u
r
f
ace,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
a
ns
.
A
nt
e
n
nas
P
r
o
pa
g.
,
vo
l
.
60
,
no
.
1
1,
pp.
50
46
–
50
55
,
2
01
2.
[
2
2]
R
. O
. O
u
e
d
r
a
o
g
o
, E
. J
. R
o
t
h
w
e
l
l
, a
n
d
B
. J
. G
r
e
e
tis
,
“
A
r
e
c
o
n
f
ig
u
r
a
b
le
m
ic
r
o
s
tr
ip
le
a
k
y
-
w
a
v
e
an
t
en
n
a
w
i
t
h
a b
r
o
ad
l
y
s
t
eer
ab
l
e b
ea
m
,
”
I
E
E
E
T
r
ans
.
A
n
t
e
nnas
P
r
op
ag.
,
v
ol
.
5
9,
no.
8,
p
p.
308
0
–
3
08
3,
20
11
.
[
2
3]
S
.
L
i
m
,
C
.
C
a
l
oz
,
a
nd T
.
I
t
oh,
“
E
l
e
c
t
r
oni
c
a
l
l
y
s
c
a
nne
d c
om
pos
i
t
e
r
i
g
ht
/
l
e
f
t
ha
nde
d m
i
c
r
os
t
r
i
p l
e
a
ky
-
w
a
v
e an
t
en
n
a,
”
I
EEE M
ic
r
o
w
.
W
ir
e
l.
C
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
L
e
tt.
,
vo
l
.
14
,
n
o.
6,
pp
.
2
77
–
27
9,
2
00
4.
[
2
4]
S
.
D
ouc
ha
,
M
.
A
br
i
,
H
.
A
.
B
a
da
o
ui
,
a
nd B
.
F
e
l
l
a
h,
“
A
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